1
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Chouhan MD, Ramasawmy R, Bainbridge A, Campbell‐Washburn A, Halligan S, Davies N, Walker‐Samuel S, Lythgoe MF, Mookerjee RP, Taylor SA. Liver perfusion MRI in a rodent model of cirrhosis: Agreement with bulk-flow phase-contrast MRI and noninvasive evaluation of inflammation in chronic liver disease using flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery arterial spin labelling and tissue T1. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4423. [PMID: 33029872 PMCID: PMC8427466 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive measurements of liver perfusion and fibrosis in cirrhotic small animals can help develop treatments for haemodynamic complications of liver disease. Here, we measure liver perfusion in cirrhotic rodents using flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery arterial spin labelling (FAIR ASL), evaluating agreement with previously validated caval subtraction phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI) total liver blood flow (TLBF). Baseline differences in cirrhotic rodents and the haemodynamic effects of acute inflammation were investigated using FAIR ASL and tissue T1. Sprague-Dawley rats (nine bile duct ligated [BDL] and ten sham surgery controls) underwent baseline hepatic FAIR ASL with T1 measurement and caval subtraction PCMRI (with two-dimensional infra-/supra-hepatic inferior vena caval studies), induction of inflammation with intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and repeat liver FAIR ASL with T1 measurement after ~90 minutes. The mean difference between FAIR ASL hepatic perfusion and caval subtraction PCMRI TLBF was -51 ± 30 ml/min/100 g (Bland-Altman 95% limits-of-agreement ±258 ml/min/100 g). The FAIR ASL coefficient of variation was smaller than for caval subtraction PCMRI (29.3% vs 50.1%; P = .03). At baseline, FAIR ASL liver perfusion was lower in BDL rats (199 ± 32 ml/min/100 g vs sham 316 ± 24 ml/min/100 g; P = .01) but liver T1 was higher (BDL 1533 ± 50 vs sham 1256 ± 18 ms; P = .0004). Post-LPS FAIR ASL liver perfusion response differences were observed between sham/BDL rats (P = .02), approaching significance in sham (+78 ± 33 ml/min/100 g; P = .06) but not BDL rats (-49 ± 40 ml/min/100 g; P = .47). Post-LPS differences in liver tissue T1 were nonsignificant (P = .35). FAIR ASL hepatic perfusion and caval subtraction PCMRI TLBF agreement was modest, with significant baseline FAIR ASL liver perfusion and tissue T1 differences in rodents with advanced cirrhosis compared with controls. Following inflammatory stress, differences in hepatic perfusion response were detected between cirrhotic/control animals, but liver T1 was unaffected. Findings underline the potential of FAIR ASL in the assessment of vasoactive treatments for patients with chronic liver disease and inflammation.
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2
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Kwiatkowski G, Kozerke S. Extended quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced cardiac perfusion imaging in mice using accelerated data acquisition and spatially distributed, two-compartment exchange modeling. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4123. [PMID: 31209939 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to improve data acquisition and quantification of dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging in the in vivo murine heart. Four-fold undersampled data were acquired in 14 mice and reconstructed using k-t SPARSE. A two-compartment exchange model was employed to provide additional characterization of myocardial tissue based on compartment volumes and the permeability surface area product. The feasibility of the proposed method was tested using compartment-based analysis of contrast-enhanced perfusion data acquired with intravascular and extracellular contrast agents. A significantly different permeability surface area product was measured for the intravascular versus extracellular contrast agent (0.13-0.15 ml/g/min vs 0.86-0.88 ml/g/min). The reduced extravasation also resulted in significantly smaller interstitial volumes of the intravascular versus extracellular agent (9.8-11% vs 45-47%). No difference was found for myocardial blood flow (6.5-7.2 ml/g/min vs 6.0-7.0 ml/g/min). The results presented here show that two-compartment exchange modeling in the in vivo murine heart is feasible and gives access to tissue parameters beyond myocardial blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Takahashi Y, Saito S. [5. Evaluation of Pathology of Heart Disease Models Using Preclinical Ultra-high Field MRI]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2018; 74:404-411. [PMID: 29681609 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_jsrt_74.4.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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4
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Kampf T, Reiter T, Bauer WR. An analytical model which determines the apparent T 1 for Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery – Analysis of the longitudinal relaxation under the influence of discontinuous balanced (classical MOLLI) and spoiled gradient echo readouts. Z Med Phys 2018; 28:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Walker-Samuel S, Roberts TA, Ramasawmy R, Burrell JS, Johnson SP, Siow BM, Richardson S, Gonçalves MR, Pendse D, Robinson SP, Pedley RB, Lythgoe MF. Investigating Low-Velocity Fluid Flow in Tumors with Convection-MRI. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1859-1872. [PMID: 29317434 PMCID: PMC6298581 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several distinct fluid flow phenomena occur in solid tumors, including intravascular blood flow and interstitial convection. Interstitial fluid pressure is often raised in solid tumors, which can limit drug delivery. To probe low-velocity flow in tumors resulting from raised interstitial fluid pressure, we developed a novel MRI technique named convection-MRI, which uses a phase-contrast acquisition with a dual-inversion vascular nulling preparation to separate intra- and extravascular flow. Here, we report the results of experiments in flow phantoms, numerical simulations, and tumor xenograft models to investigate the technical feasibility of convection-MRI. We observed a significant correlation between estimates of effective fluid pressure from convection-MRI with gold-standard, invasive measurements of interstitial fluid pressure in mouse models of human colorectal carcinoma. Our results show how convection-MRI can provide insights into the growth and responsiveness to vascular-targeting therapy in colorectal cancers.Significance: A noninvasive method for measuring low-velocity fluid flow caused by raised fluid pressure can be used to assess changes caused by therapy. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1859-72. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walker-Samuel
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Thomas A Roberts
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Rajiv Ramasawmy
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jake S Burrell
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Bernard M Siow
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Simon Richardson
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Miguel R Gonçalves
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Simon P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Mark F Lythgoe
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, London, UK
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6
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging has been utilized as a quantitative and noninvasive method to image blood flow. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an MRI technique that images blood flow using arterial blood water as an endogenous tracer. Herein we describe the use of ASL to measure cerebral blood flow completely noninvasively in rodents, including methods, analysis, and important considerations when utilizing this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Muir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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7
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Anderson CE, Wang CY, Gu Y, Darrah R, Griswold MA, Yu X, Flask CA. Regularly incremented phase encoding - MR fingerprinting (RIPE-MRF) for enhanced motion artifact suppression in preclinical cartesian MR fingerprinting. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2176-2182. [PMID: 28796368 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The regularly incremented phase encoding-magnetic resonance fingerprinting (RIPE-MRF) method is introduced to limit the sensitivity of preclinical MRF assessments to pulsatile and respiratory motion artifacts. METHODS As compared to previously reported standard Cartesian-MRF methods (SC-MRF), the proposed RIPE-MRF method uses a modified Cartesian trajectory that varies the acquired phase-encoding line within each dynamic MRF dataset. Phantoms and mice were scanned without gating or triggering on a 7T preclinical MRI scanner using the RIPE-MRF and SC-MRF methods. In vitro phantom longitudinal relaxation time (T1 ) and transverse relaxation time (T2 ) measurements, as well as in vivo liver assessments of artifact-to-noise ratio (ANR) and MRF-based T1 and T2 mean and standard deviation, were compared between the two methods (n = 5). RESULTS RIPE-MRF showed significant ANR reductions in regions of pulsatility (P < 0.005) and respiratory motion (P < 0.0005). RIPE-MRF also exhibited improved precision in T1 and T2 measurements in comparison to the SC-MRF method (P < 0.05). The RIPE-MRF and SC-MRF methods displayed similar mean T1 and T2 estimates (difference in mean values < 10%). CONCLUSION These results show that the RIPE-MRF method can provide effective motion artifact suppression with minimal impact on T1 and T2 accuracy for in vivo small animal MRI studies. Magn Reson Med 79:2176-2182, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charlie Y Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuning Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca Darrah
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark A Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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8
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Quantifying the area-at-risk of myocardial infarction in-vivo using arterial spin labeling cardiac magnetic resonance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2271. [PMID: 28536472 PMCID: PMC5442118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02544-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance (T2-CMR) of myocardial edema can quantify the area-at-risk (AAR) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and has been used to assess myocardial salvage by new cardioprotective therapies. However, some of these therapies may reduce edema, leading to an underestimation of the AAR by T2-CMR. Here, we investigated arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion CMR as a novel approach to quantify the AAR following AMI. Adult B6sv129-mice were subjected to in vivo left coronary artery ligation for 30 minutes followed by 72 hours reperfusion. T2-mapping was used to quantify the edema-based AAR (% of left ventricle) following ischemic preconditioning (IPC) or cyclosporin-A (CsA) treatment. In control animals, the AAR by T2-mapping corresponded to that delineated by histology. As expected, both IPC and CsA reduced MI size. However, IPC, but not CsA, also reduced myocardial edema leading to an underestimation of the AAR by T2-mapping. In contrast, regions of reduced myocardial perfusion delineated by cardiac ASL were able to delineate the AAR when compared to both T2-mapping and histology in control animals, and were not affected by either IPC or CsA. Therefore, ASL perfusion CMR may be an alternative method for quantifying the AAR following AMI, which unlike T2-mapping, is not affected by IPC.
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9
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Yoon AJ, Do HP, Cen S, Fong MW, Saremi F, Barr ML, Nayak KS. Assessment of segmental myocardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion reserve by adenosine-stress myocardial arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 46:413-420. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Yoon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Hung Phi Do
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Steven Cen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Michael W. Fong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Farhood Saremi
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Mark L. Barr
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Krishna S. Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California USA
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10
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Tibiletti M, Bianchi A, Stiller D, Rasche V. Pulmonary perfusion quantification with flow-sensitive inversion recovery (FAIR) UTE MRI in small animal imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:1791-1799. [PMID: 27809405 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood perfusion in lung parenchyma is an important property for assessing lung function. In small animals, its quantitation is limited even with radioactive isotopes or dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI techniques. In this study, the feasibility flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) for the quantification of blood flow in lung parenchyma in free breathing rats at 7 T has been investigated. In order to obtain sufficient signal from the short T2 * lung parenchyma, a 2D ultra-short echo time (UTE) Look-Locker read-out has been implemented. Acquisitions were segmented to maintain acquisition time within an acceptable range. A method to perform retrospective respiratory gating (DC-SG) has been applied to investigate the impact of respiratory movement. Reproducibilities within and between sessions were estimated, and the ability of FAIR-UTE to identify the decrease of lung perfusion under hyperoxic conditions was tested. The implemented technique allowed for the visualization of lung parenchyma with excellent SNR and no respiratory artifact even in ungated acquisitions. Lung parenchyma perfusion was obtained as 32.54 ± 2.26 mL/g/min in the left lung, and 34.09 ± 2.75 mL/g/min in the right lung. Application of retrospective gating significantly but minimally changes the perfusion values, implying that respiratory gating may not be necessary with this center-our acquisition method. A decrease of 10% in lung perfusion was found between normoxic and hyperoxic conditions, proving the feasibility of the FAIR-UTE approach to quantify lung perfusion changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tibiletti
- Core Facility Small Animal MRI, 89081 Ulm, University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Bianchi
- In-Vivo Imaging Laboratory, Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Detlef Stiller
- In-Vivo Imaging Laboratory, Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- University Hospital of Ulm, Internal Medicine II, Ulm, Germany
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11
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Keith GA, Rodgers CT, Chappell MA, Robson MD. A look-locker acquisition scheme for quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging with FAIR arterial spin labeling in humans at 3 tesla. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:541-549. [PMID: 27604183 PMCID: PMC5516148 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel method for quantitative measurement of myocardial blood flow (MBF) using arterial spin labeling (ASL) in a single breath-hold is presented, evaluated by simulations, phantom studies and in vivo studies and tested for reproducibility and variability. METHODS A flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) ASL method with Look-Locker readout (LL-FAIR-ASL) was implemented at 3 tesla. Scans were performed on 10 healthy volunteers and MBF measured in three slices. The method was investigated for reproducibility by Bland-Altman analysis and statistical measures, the coefficients of reproducibility (CR) and variation (CV) are reported. RESULTS The MBF values for the basal, mid, and apical slices were 1.04 ± 0.40, 1.06 ± 0.46, and 1.06 ± 0.38 ml/g/min, respectively (mean ± SD), which compare well with literature values. The CV across all scans, 43%, was greater than the between-session and within-session values, at 16 and 13%, respectively, for the mid-ventricular slice. The change in MBF required for detection, from the CR, was 61% between-session and 53% within-session for the mid-ventricle. CONCLUSION This study shows the feasibility of the LL-FAIR-ASL method for the quantification of MBF. The statistical measures reported will allow the planning of future clinical research studies involving rest and stress measurements. Magn Reson Med 78:541-549, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme A. Keith
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Chappell
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Oxford, Old Road CampusOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Robson
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
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12
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Vanhoutte L, Gerber BL, Gallez B, Po C, Magat J, Balligand JL, Feron O, Moniotte S. High field magnetic resonance imaging of rodents in cardiovascular research. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:46. [PMID: 27287250 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic and gene knockout rodent models are primordial to study pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular research. Over time, cardiac MRI has become a gold standard for in vivo evaluation of such models. Technical advances have led to the development of magnets with increasingly high field strength, allowing specific investigation of cardiac anatomy, global and regional function, viability, perfusion or vascular parameters. The aim of this report is to provide a review of the various sequences and techniques available to image mice on 7-11.7 T magnets and relevant to the clinical setting in humans. Specific technical aspects due to the rise of the magnetic field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Vanhoutte
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium. .,Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Bernhard L Gerber
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.,Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chrystelle Po
- CNRS, ICube, FMTS, Institut de Physique Biologique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Magat
- L'Institut de RYthmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Inserm U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Moniotte
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Johnson SP, Ramasawmy R, Campbell-Washburn AE, Wells JA, Robson M, Rajkumar V, Lythgoe MF, Pedley RB, Walker-Samuel S. Acute changes in liver tumour perfusion measured non-invasively with arterial spin labelling. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:897-904. [PMID: 27031853 PMCID: PMC4984798 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive measures of tumour vascular perfusion are desirable, in order to assess response to vascular targeting (or modifying) therapies. In this study, hepatic arterial spin labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was investigated to measure acute changes in perfusion of colorectal cancer in the liver, in response to vascular disruption therapy with OXi4503. METHODS SW1222 and LS174T tumours were established in the liver of MF1 nu/nu mice via intrasplenic injection. Perfusion and R2(*) MRI measurements were acquired with an Agilent 9.4T horizontal bore scanner, before and at 90 min after 40 mg kg(-1) OXi4503. RESULTS A significant decrease in SW1222 tumour perfusion was observed (-43±33%, P<0.005). LS174T tumours had a significantly lower baseline level of perfusion. Intrinsic susceptibility MRI showed a significant increase in R2(*) in LS174T tumours (28±25%, P<0.05). An association was found between the change in tumour perfusion and the proximity to large vessels, with pre-treatment blood flow predictive of subsequent response. Histological evaluation confirmed the onset of necrosis and evidence of heterogeneous response between tumour deposits. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic ASL-MRI can detect acute response to targeted tumour vascular disruption entirely non-invasively. Hepatic ASL of liver tumours has potential for use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peter Johnson
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Rajiv Ramasawmy
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Adrienne E Campbell-Washburn
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jack A Wells
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Mathew Robson
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Vineeth Rajkumar
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Mark F Lythgoe
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - R Barbara Pedley
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Simon Walker-Samuel
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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14
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Kober F, Jao T, Troalen T, Nayak KS. Myocardial arterial spin labeling. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016; 18:22. [PMID: 27071861 PMCID: PMC4830031 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) technique for mapping regional myocardial blood flow. It does not require any contrast agents, is compatible with stress testing, and can be performed repeatedly or even continuously. ASL-CMR has been performed with great success in small-animals, but sensitivity to date has been poor in large animals and humans and remains an active area of research. This review paper summarizes the development of ASL-CMR techniques, current state-of-the-art imaging methods, the latest findings from pre-clinical and clinical studies, and future directions. We also explain how successful developments in brain ASL and small-animal ASL-CMR have helped to inform developments in large animal and human ASL-CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Kober
- />Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS CRMBM UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Terrence Jao
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
| | - Thomas Troalen
- />Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS CRMBM UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Krishna S. Nayak
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
- />Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
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15
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Bakermans AJ, Abdurrachim D, Moonen RPM, Motaal AG, Prompers JJ, Strijkers GJ, Vandoorne K, Nicolay K. Small animal cardiovascular MR imaging and spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 88-89:1-47. [PMID: 26282195 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of MR imaging and spectroscopy for studying cardiovascular disease processes in small animals has increased tremendously over the past decade. This is the result of the remarkable advances in MR technologies and the increased availability of genetically modified mice. MR techniques provide a window on the entire timeline of cardiovascular disease development, ranging from subtle early changes in myocardial metabolism that often mark disease onset to severe myocardial dysfunction associated with end-stage heart failure. MR imaging and spectroscopy techniques play an important role in basic cardiovascular research and in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and therapy follow-up. This is due to the broad range of functional, structural and metabolic parameters that can be quantified by MR under in vivo conditions non-invasively. This review describes the spectrum of MR techniques that are employed in small animal cardiovascular disease research and how the technological challenges resulting from the small dimensions of heart and blood vessels as well as high heart and respiratory rates, particularly in mice, are tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianus J Bakermans
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree Abdurrachim
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rik P M Moonen
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Abdallah G Motaal
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien Vandoorne
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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16
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Naresh NK, Chen X, Moran E, Tian Y, French BA, Epstein FH. Repeatability and variability of myocardial perfusion imaging techniques in mice: Comparison of arterial spin labeling and first-pass contrast-enhanced MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:2394-405. [PMID: 26190350 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical imaging of myocardial blood flow (MBF) can elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease. We compared the repeatability and variability of two methods, first-pass MRI and arterial spin labeling (ASL), for imaging MBF in mice. METHODS Quantitative perfusion MRI in mice was performed using both methods at rest, with a vasodilator, and one day after myocardial infarction. Image quality (score of 1-5; 5 best), between-session coefficient of variability (CVbs ), intra-user coefficient of variability (CVintra-user ), and inter-user coefficient of variability (CVinter-user ) were assessed. Acquisition time was 1-2 min for first-pass MRI and approximately 40 min for ASL. RESULTS Image quality was higher for ASL (3.94 ± 0.09 versus 2.88 ± 0.10; P < 0.05). Infarct zone CVbs was lower with first-pass (17 ± 3% versus 46 ± 9%; P < 0.05). The stress perfusion CVintra-user was lower for ASL (3 ± 1% versus 14 ± 3%; P < 0.05). The stress perfusion CVinter-user was lower for ASL (4 ± 1% versus 17 ± 4%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For low MBF conditions such as infarct, first-pass MRI is preferred due to better repeatability and variability. At high MBF such as at vasodilation, ASL may be more suitable due to superior image quality and lower user variability. First-pass MRI has a substantial speed advantage. Magn Reson Med 75:2394-2405, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita K Naresh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Eric Moran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yikui Tian
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Brent A French
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Frederick H Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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17
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Campbell-Washburn AE, Atkinson D, Nagy Z, Chan RW, Josephs O, Lythgoe MF, Ordidge RJ, Thomas DL. Using the robust principal component analysis algorithm to remove RF spike artifacts from MR images. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:2517-25. [PMID: 26193125 PMCID: PMC4720596 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brief bursts of RF noise during MR data acquisition (“k‐space spikes”) cause disruptive image artifacts, manifesting as stripes overlaid on the image. RF noise is often related to hardware problems, including vibrations during gradient‐heavy sequences, such as diffusion‐weighted imaging. In this study, we present an application of the Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) algorithm to remove spike noise from k‐space. Methods: Corrupted k‐space matrices were decomposed into their low‐rank and sparse components using the RPCA algorithm, such that spikes were contained within the sparse component and artifact‐free k‐space data remained in the low‐rank component. Automated center refilling was applied to keep the peaked central cluster of k‐space from misclassification in the sparse component. Results: This algorithm was demonstrated to effectively remove k‐space spikes from four data types under conditions generating spikes: (i) mouse heart T1 mapping, (ii) mouse heart cine imaging, (iii) human kidney diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data, and (iv) human brain DTI data. Myocardial T1 values changed by 86.1 ± 171 ms following despiking, and fractional anisotropy values were recovered following despiking of DTI data. Conclusion: The RPCA despiking algorithm will be a valuable postprocessing method for retrospectively removing stripe artifacts without affecting the underlying signal of interest. Magn Reson Med 75:2517–2525, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne E Campbell-Washburn
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Intramural Research, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Atkinson
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research (SNS Lab), Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel W Chan
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Josephs
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Birkbeck-UCL Centre for Neuroimaging, Birkbeck College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark F Lythgoe
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger J Ordidge
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David L Thomas
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Lau AZ, Miller JJ, Robson MD, Tyler DJ. Cardiac perfusion imaging using hyperpolarized (13)C urea using flow sensitizing gradients. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:1474-83. [PMID: 25991580 PMCID: PMC4556069 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate the feasibility of imaging the first passage of a bolus of hyperpolarized 13C urea through the rodent heart using flow‐sensitizing gradients to reduce signal from the blood pool. Methods A flow‐sensitizing bipolar gradient was optimized to reduce the bright signal within the cardiac chambers, enabling improved contrast of the agent within the tissue capillary bed. The gradient was incorporated into a dynamic golden angle spiral 13C imaging sequence. Healthy rats were scanned during rest (n = 3) and under adenosine stress‐induced hyperemia (n = 3). Results A two‐fold increase in myocardial perfusion relative to rest was detected during adenosine stress‐induced hyperemia, consistent with a myocardial perfusion reserve of two in rodents. Conclusion The new pulse sequence was used to obtain dynamic images of the first passage of hyperpolarized 13C urea in the rodent heart, without contamination from bright signal within the neighboring cardiac lumen. This probe of myocardial perfusion is expected to enable new hyperpolarized 13C studies in which the cardiac metabolism/perfusion mismatch can be identified. Magn Reson Med, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Magn Reson Med 75:1474–1483, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Z Lau
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack J Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D Robson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Simons M, Alitalo K, Annex BH, Augustin HG, Beam C, Berk BC, Byzova T, Carmeliet P, Chilian W, Cooke JP, Davis GE, Eichmann A, Iruela-Arispe ML, Keshet E, Sinusas AJ, Ruhrberg C, Woo YJ, Dimmeler S. State-of-the-Art Methods for Evaluation of Angiogenesis and Tissue Vascularization: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Res 2015; 116:e99-132. [PMID: 25931450 DOI: 10.1161/res.0000000000000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Miyazaki M, Zhou X, Hoshino T, Yokoyama K, Ishimura R, Nitatori T. Non-contrast myocardial perfusion using a novel 4D magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling technique: Initial experience. Microvasc Res 2015; 98:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Ramasawmy R, Campbell-Washburn AE, Wells JA, Johnson SP, Pedley RB, Walker-Samuel S, Lythgoe MF. Hepatic arterial spin labelling MRI: an initial evaluation in mice. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2015; 28:272-80. [PMID: 25522098 PMCID: PMC4670473 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of strategies to combat hepatic disease and augment tissue regeneration has created a need for methods to assess regional liver function. Liver perfusion imaging has the potential to fulfil this need, across a range of hepatic diseases, alongside the assessment of therapeutic response. In this study, the feasibility of hepatic arterial spin labelling (HASL) was assessed for the first time in mice at 9.4 T, its variability and repeatability were evaluated, and it was applied to a model of colorectal liver metastasis. Data were acquired using flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery-arterial spin labelling (FAIR-ASL) with a Look-Locker readout, and analysed using retrospective respiratory gating and a T1 -based quantification. This study shows that preclinical HASL is feasible and exhibits good repeatability and reproducibility. Mean estimated liver perfusion was 2.2 ± 0.8 mL/g/min (mean ± standard error, n = 10), which agrees well with previous measurements using invasive approaches. Estimates of the variation gave a within-session coefficient of variation (CVWS) of 7%, a between-session coefficient of variation (CVBS) of 9% and a between-animal coefficient of variation (CVA) of 15%. The within-session Bland-Altman repeatability coefficient (RCWS) was 18% and the between-session repeatability coefficient (RCBS) was 29%. Finally, the HASL method was applied to a mouse model of liver metastasis, in which significantly lower mean perfusion (1.1 ± 0.5 mL/g/min, n = 6) was measured within the tumours, as seen by fluorescence histology. These data indicate that precise and accurate liver perfusion estimates can be achieved using ASL techniques, and provide a platform for future studies investigating hepatic perfusion in mouse models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ramasawmy
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingPaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
- UCL Cancer InstitutePaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | | | - J A Wells
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingPaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - S P Johnson
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingPaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
- UCL Cancer InstitutePaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - R B Pedley
- UCL Cancer InstitutePaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - S Walker-Samuel
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingPaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
| | - M F Lythgoe
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingPaul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
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22
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Gutjahr FT, Kampf T, Winter P, Meyer CB, Williams T, Jakob PM, Bauer WR, Ziener CH, Helluy X. Quantification of perfusion in murine myocardium: A retrospectively triggered T1 -based ASL method using model-based reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1705-15. [PMID: 25446550 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A method for the quantification of perfusion in murine myocardium is demonstrated. The method allows for the reconstruction of perfusion maps on arbitrary time points in the heart cycle while addressing problems that arise due to the irregular heart beat of mice. METHODS A flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery arterial spin labeling method using an untriggered FLASH-read out with random sampling is used. Look-Locker conditions are strictly maintained. No dummy pulses or mechanism to reduce deviation from Look-Locker conditions are needed. Electrocardiogram and respiratory data are recorded for retrospective gating and triggering. A model-based technique is used to reconstruct missing k-space data to cope with the undersampling inherent in retrospectively gated methods. Acquisition and reconstruction were validated numerically and in phantom measurements before in vivo experimentation. RESULTS Quantitative perfusion maps were acquired within a single slice measurement time of 11 min. Perfusion values are in good accordance to literature values. Myocardial infarction could be clearly visualized and results were confirmed with histological results. CONCLUSION The proposed method is capable of producing quantitative perfusion maps on arbitrary positions in the heart cycle within a short measurement time. The method is robust against irregular breathing patterns and heart rate changes and can be implemented on all scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian T Gutjahr
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Core Facility Imaging, Straubmühlweg 2a, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kampf
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Winter
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord B Meyer
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Williams
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian H Ziener
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xavier Helluy
- Universität Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Capron T, Troalen T, Robert B, Jacquier A, Bernard M, Kober F. Myocardial perfusion assessment in humans using steady-pulsed arterial spin labeling. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:990-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Capron
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7339, CNRS, CRMBM (Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale); 13385 Marseille France
| | - Thomas Troalen
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7339, CNRS, CRMBM (Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale); 13385 Marseille France
| | | | - Alexis Jacquier
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7339, CNRS, CRMBM (Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale); 13385 Marseille France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7339, CNRS, CRMBM (Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale); 13385 Marseille France
| | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7339, CNRS, CRMBM (Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale); 13385 Marseille France
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Stuckey DJ, McSweeney SJ, Thin MZ, Habib J, Price AN, Fiedler LR, Gsell W, Prasad SK, Schneider MD. T₁ mapping detects pharmacological retardation of diffuse cardiac fibrosis in mouse pressure-overload hypertrophy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 7:240-9. [PMID: 24425501 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.113.000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse interstitial fibrosis is present in diverse cardiomyopathies and associated with poor prognosis. We investigated whether magnetic resonance imaging-based T1 mapping could quantify the induction and pharmacological suppression of diffuse cardiac fibrosis in murine pressure-overload hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction or sham surgery. The angiotensin receptor blocker losartan was given to half the animals. Cine-magnetic resonance imaging performed at 7 and 28 days showed hypertrophy and remodeling and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in transverse aortic constriction groups as expected. Late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed focal signal enhancement at the inferior right ventricular insertion point of transverse aortic constriction mice concordant with the foci of fibrosis in histology. The extracellular volume fraction, calculated from pre- and postcontrast T1 measurements, was elevated by transverse aortic constriction and showed direct linear correlation with picrosirius red collagen volume fraction, thus confirming the suitability of extracellular volume fraction as an in vivo measure of diffuse fibrosis. Treatment with losartan reduced left ventricular dysfunction and prevented increased extracellular volume fraction, indicating that T1 mapping is sensitive to pharmacological prevention of fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic resonance imaging can detect diffuse and focal cardiac fibrosis in a clinically relevant animal model of pressure overload and is sensitive to pharmacological reduction of fibrosis by angiotensin receptor blockade. Thus, T1 mapping can be used to assess antifibrotic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Stuckey
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute
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Troalen T, Capron T, Bernard M, Kober F. In vivo characterization of rodent cyclic myocardial perfusion variation at rest and during adenosine-induced stress using cine-ASL cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014; 16:18. [PMID: 24548535 PMCID: PMC3937054 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of cyclic myocardial blood flow (MBF) variations can be an interesting addition to the characterization of microvascular function and its alterations. To date, totally non-invasive in vivo methods with this capability are still lacking. As an original technique, a cine arterial spin labeling (ASL) cardiovascular magnetic resonance approach is demonstrated to be able to produce dynamic MBF maps across the cardiac cycle in rats. METHOD High-resolution MBF maps in left ventricular myocardium were computed from steady-state perfusion-dependent gradient-echo cine images produced by the cine-ASL sequence. Cyclic changes of MBF over the entire cardiac cycle in seven normal rats were analyzed quantitatively every 6 ms at rest and during adenosine-induced stress. RESULTS The study showed a significant MBF increase from end-systole (ES) to end-diastole (ED) in both physiological states. Mean MBF over the cardiac cycle within the group was 5.5 ± 0.6 mL g(-1) min(-1) at rest (MBFMin = 4.7 ± 0.8 at ES and MBFMax = 6.5 ± 0.6 mL g(-1) min(-1) at ED, P = 0.0007). Mean MBF during adenosine-induced stress was 12.8 ± 0.7mL g(-1) min(-1) (MBFMin = 11.7±1.0 at ES and MBFMax = 14.2 ± 0.7 mL g(-1) min(-1) at ED, P = 0.0007). MBF percentage relative variations were significantly different with 27.2 ± 9.3% at rest and 17.8 ± 7.1% during adenosine stress (P = 0.014). The dynamic analysis also showed a time shift of peak MBF within the cardiac cycle during stress. CONCLUSION The cyclic change of myocardial perfusion was examined by mapping MBF with a steady-pulsed ASL approach. Dynamic MBF maps were obtained with high spatial and temporal resolution (6 ms) demonstrating the feasibility of non-invasively mapping cyclic myocardial perfusion variation at rest and during adenosine stress. In a pathological context, detailed assessment of coronary responses to infused vasodilators may give valuable complementary information on microvascular functional defects in disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Troalen
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Thibaut Capron
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
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26
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Do HP, Jao TR, Nayak KS. Myocardial arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging with improved sensitivity. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014; 16:15. [PMID: 24467918 PMCID: PMC3913326 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive MRI based technique that is capable of measuring myocardial blood flow (MBF) in humans. It suffers from poor sensitivity to MBF due to high physiological noise (PN). This study aims to determine if the sensitivity of myocardial ASL to MBF can be improved by reducing image acquisition time, via parallel imaging. METHODS Myocardial ASL scans were performed in 7 healthy subjects at rest using flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) tagging and balanced steady state free precession (SSFP) imaging. Sensitivity encoding (SENSE) with a reduction factor of 2 was used to shorten each image acquisition from roughly 300 ms per heartbeat to roughly 150 ms per heartbeat. A paired Student's t-test was performed to compare measurements of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and physiological noise (PN) from the reference and accelerated methods. RESULTS The measured PN (mean ± standard deviation) was 0.20 ± 0.08 ml/g/min for the reference method and 0.08 ± 0.05 ml/g/min for the accelerated method, corresponding to a 60% reduction. PN measured from the accelerated method was found to be significantly lower than that of the reference method (p=0.0059). There was no significant difference between MBF measured from the accelerated and reference ASL methods (p=0.7297). CONCLUSIONS In this study, significant PN reduction was achieved by shortening the acquisition window using parallel imaging with no significant impact on the measured MBF. This indicates an improvement in sensitivity to MBF and may also enable the imaging of subjects with higher heart rates and imaging during systole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Phi Do
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Ave, EEB 400, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2564, USA
| | - Terrence R Jao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Krishna S Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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28
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Zhang H, Ye Q, Zheng J, Schelbert EB, Hitchens TK, Ho C. Improve myocardial T1 measurement in rats with a new regression model: application to myocardial infarction and beyond. Magn Reson Med 2013; 72:737-48. [PMID: 24142881 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve myocardial and blood T1 measurements with a multi-variable T1 fitting model specifically modified for a segmented multi-shot FLASH sequence. METHODS The proposed method was first evaluated in a series of phantoms simulating realistic tissues, and then in healthy rats (n = 8) and rats with acute myocardial infarction (MI) induced by coronary artery ligation (n = 8). RESULTS By taking into account the saturation effect caused by sampling α-train pulses, and the longitudinal magnetization recovery between readouts, our model provided more accurate T1 estimate than the conventional three-parameter fit in phantoms under realistic gating procedures (error of -0.42 ± 1.73% versus -3.40 ± 1.46%, respectively, when using the measured inversion efficiency, β). The baseline myocardial T1 values in healthy rats was 1636.3 ± 23.4 ms at 7 Tesla. One day postligation, the T1 values in the remote and proximal myocardial areas were 1637.5 ± 62.6 ms and 1740.3 ± 70.5 ms, respectively. In rats with acute MI, regional differences in myocardial T1 values were observed both before and after the administration of gadolinium. CONCLUSION The proposed method has improved T1 estimate as validated in phantoms and could advance applications in rodents using quantitative myocardial T1 mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haosen Zhang
- Pittsburgh NMR Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Biological Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Walker-Samuel S, Ramasawmy R, Torrealdea F, Rega M, Rajkumar V, Johnson SP, Richardson S, Gonçalves M, Parkes HG, Arstad E, Thomas DL, Pedley RB, Lythgoe MF, Golay X. In vivo imaging of glucose uptake and metabolism in tumors. Nat Med 2013; 19:1067-72. [PMID: 23832090 PMCID: PMC5275770 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumors have a greater reliance on anaerobic glycolysis for energy production than normal tissues. We developed a noninvasive method for imaging glucose uptake in vivo that is based on magnetic resonance imaging and allows the uptake of unlabeled glucose to be measured through the chemical exchange of protons between hydroxyl groups and water. This method differs from existing molecular imaging methods because it permits detection of the delivery and uptake of a metabolically active compound in physiological quantities. We show that our technique, named glucose chemical exchange saturation transfer (glucoCEST), is sensitive to tumor glucose accumulation in colorectal tumor models and can distinguish tumor types with differing metabolic characteristics and pathophysiologies. The results of this study suggest that glucoCEST has potential as a useful and cost-effective method for characterizing disease and assessing response to therapy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walker-Samuel
- University College London Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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Campbell-Washburn AE, Price AN, Ellmerich S, Simons JP, Al-Shawi R, Kalber TL, Ghatrora R, Hawkins PN, Moon JC, Ordidge RJ, Pepys MB, Lythgoe MF. Monitoring systemic amyloidosis using MRI measurements of the extracellular volume fraction. Amyloid 2013; 20:93-8. [PMID: 23621497 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2013.787984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the in vivo evaluation, in a murine model, of MRI measurements of the extracellular volume fraction (ECV) for the detection and monitoring of systemic amyloidosis. A new inducible transgenic model was used, with increased production of mouse serum amyloid A protein controlled by oral administration of doxycycline, that causes both the usual hepatic and splenic amyloidosis and also cardiac deposits. ECV was measured in vivo by equilibrium contrast MRI in the heart and liver of 11 amyloidotic and 10 control mice. There was no difference in the cardiac function between groups, but ECV was significantly increased in the heart, mean (standard deviation) 0.20 (0.05) versus 0.14 (0.04), p < 0.005, and liver, 0.27 (0.04) versus 0.15 (0.04), p < 0.0005, of amyloidotic animals and was strongly correlated with the histological amyloid score, myocardium, ρ = 0.67, p < 0.01; liver, ρ = 0.87, p < 0.01. In a further four mice that received human serum amyloid P component (SAP) followed by anti-human SAP antibody, a treatment to eliminate visceral amyloid deposits, ECV in the liver and spleen returned to baseline after therapy (p < 0.01). MRI measurement of ECV is a sensitive marker of amyloid deposits with potential application for early detection and monitoring therapies promoting their clearance.
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Troalen T, Capron T, Cozzone PJ, Bernard M, Kober F. Cine-ASL: A steady-pulsed arterial spin labeling method for myocardial perfusion mapping in mice. Part I. Experimental study. Magn Reson Med 2013; 70:1389-98. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Troalen
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM); UMR CNRS N°7339, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
| | - Thibaut Capron
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM); UMR CNRS N°7339, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
| | - Patrick J. Cozzone
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM); UMR CNRS N°7339, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM); UMR CNRS N°7339, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
| | - Frank Kober
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM); UMR CNRS N°7339, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
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van Nierop BJ, Coolen BF, Dijk WJ, Hendriks AD, de Graaf L, Nicolay K, Strijkers GJ. Quantitative first-pass perfusion MRI of the mouse myocardium. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:1735-44. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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