1
|
Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Chen B, Wang N, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Wu Y, He N, Zhao G, Liu X. Dairy products intake and prevalence, incidence, and recovery of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese population. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:529-539. [PMID: 38409495 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10638-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health concern. Modifiable factors such as diet and lifestyle are of research interest in preventing or reversing the disease. The relationship between dairy products and NAFLD remains unclear. METHODS In this cohort study, 36,122 participants aged 20-74 were enrolled by multi-stage, stratified, randomized cluster sampling from 2016 to 2017. A total of 25,085 participants finished at least one follow-up visit from 2019 to 2023. Dairy intake was collected by food frequency questionnaire at baseline. NAFLD was defined as fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonography with excessive alcohol drink excluded. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between dairy intake and NAFLD. RESULTS A total of 34,040 participants were included in the baseline analysis. The prevalence of NAFLD was inversely associated with dairy intake (OR>7vs 0 servings/week = 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.98; ORper serving/day increase = 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.99). 20,460 participants entered the follow-up analysis. Among 12,204 without NAFLD at baseline, 4,470 developed NAFLD after a median time of 4.3 years. The incidence of NAFLD was inversely associated with dairy intake (HR>7 vs 0 servings/week = 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.98; HRper serving/day increase = 0.94, 95% CI 0.89-0.99). Among 8256 with NAFLD at baseline, 3,885 recovered after 4.2-year follow-up. Total dairy intake did not show significant associations with recovery of NAFLD, and the HRs (95% CI) were 0.96 (0.87-1.06) for > 7 servings/week and 0.98 (0.93-1.03) for per serving/day increase. CONCLUSION Dairy product intake of more than one serving per day was associated with a lower prevalence and incidence of NAFLD in Chinese population. However, total dairy intake did not show significant association in NAFLD reversal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurou Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Youyi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yonggen Jiang
- Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yiling Wu
- Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Na He
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Genming Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Medak KD, McKie GL, Peppler WT, Shamshoum H, Dibe HA, Mutch DM, Josse AR, Wright DC. Liver triacylglycerol accumulation but not postprandial lipemia is reduced by a skim milk powder diet in male rats. Nutr Res 2023; 119:65-75. [PMID: 37757641 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Increases in postprandial lipids are linked to the development of cardiometabolic and fatty liver disease. Prior work has suggested that dairy possesses beneficial cardiometabolic effects and thus the aim of the current investigation was to test the hypotheses that the habitual consumption of dairy, in the form of skim milk powder (SMP), would protect against increases in circulating lipids and liver lipid accumulation following an oral fat challenge in rats. Male rats were fed either a semipurified low-fat control diet with casein or a diet with an equivalent amount of protein (∼13% kcal) provided through skim milk powder (SMP) for 6 weeks (n = 40/group). Rats were then given an oral gavage of palm oil (5 mL/kg body weight) or an equivalent volume of water, and serum and liver were harvested 90 minutes or 4 hours after. Rats fed the SMP diet gained less weight than controls but there were no differences in glucose tolerance between groups. The fat gavage increased serum lipids in both diet groups, whereas there was a main effect of the fat challenge to increase, and the SMP diet, to decrease liver triacylglycerol accumulation. The percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and the protein content/activity of lipogenic enzymes were reduced in livers from SMP-fed rats, whereas the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids was increased. In summary, we provide evidence that SMP consumption, although not protecting against postprandial lipemia, markedly attenuates triacylglycerol accumulation and the relative amount of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Medak
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada.
| | - Greg L McKie
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Willem T Peppler
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Hesham Shamshoum
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Hana A Dibe
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Andrea R Josse
- Faculty of Health, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada; School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Keshavarz Z, Rahimlou M, Farjam M, Homayounfar R, Khodadost M, Abdollahi A, Tabrizi R. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dairy products consumption: Results from FASA Persian cohort study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962834. [PMID: 36159487 PMCID: PMC9500577 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives There are limited data on the association between dairy products consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was conducted to evaluate the association between total intake of different dairy products and fatty liver index (FLI), a marker of subclinical fatty liver. Methods A total of 7,540 adults were included in this population-based cohort study. Dairy products consumption was evaluated by a validated interview questionnaire for food intake frequency. The FLI was calculated using the standard formula. Liver enzyme levels, lipid profiles, glycemic profiles and demographic characteristics were recorded for all participants. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to respectively assess the mean percentage difference of mean FLI and odds ratios (ORs) for subclinical NAFLD across quantiles of dairy consumption. Results The mean age of all participants was 48.81 ± 9.631 years. FLI measurements for men and women were 26.71 ± 23.39 and 39.99 ± 26.64 respectively, which was significantly higher in women (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the amount of milk consumption was an independent preventive predictor of FLI (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99), conversely, it did not predict higher levels of liver enzymes. In term of cheese intake, participants in the third tertile of cheese intake had significantly lower FLI than lower tertiles (P = 0.01). However, there wasn't any significant association between cheese intake and the odds of FLI in the multivariate model (P > 0.05). We didn't find any significant association between yogurt consumption and NAFLD indicators (P > 0.05). Conclusion Higher milk consumption was inversely associated with FLI. However, there wasn't any significant association between other types of dairy products and NAFLD indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Keshavarz
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Reza Homayounfar
| | - Mahmoud Khodadost
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Abdollahi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Reza Tabrizi
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Avirineni BS, Singh A, Zapata RC, Stevens RD, Phillips CD, Chelikani PK. Diets Containing Egg or Whey Protein and Inulin Fiber Improve Energy Balance and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Exercising Obese Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100653. [PMID: 35108450 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Dietary protein, prebiotic fiber and exercise individually have been shown to aid in weight loss; however less is known of their combined effects on energy balance. We determined the effects of diets high in protein and fiber, with exercise, on energy balance, hormones and gut microbiota. METHODS AND RESULTS Obese male rats were fed high-fat diets with high protein and fiber contents from egg protein and cellulose, egg protein and inulin, whey protein and cellulose, or whey protein and inulin, together with treadmill exercise. We found that inulin enriched diets decreased energy intake and respiratory quotient, increased energy expenditure, and upregulated transcripts for cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY and proglucagon in distal gut. Notably, CCK1-receptor blockade attenuated the hypophagic effects of diets and in particular whey-inulin diet, and β-adrenergic blockade reduced energy expenditure across all diets. Egg-cellulose, egg-inulin and whey-inulin diets decreased weight gain, adiposity, hepatic lipidosis and decreased lipogenic transcripts, improved glycemic control and up-regulated hepatic glucose metabolism transcripts, and decreased plasma insulin and leptin. Importantly, diet was linked to altered gut microbial composition and plasma metabolomics, and a subset of predicted metagenome pathways and plasma metabolites significantly correlated, with plasma butyric acid the most strongly associated to metagenome function. CONCLUSION Combination of dietary egg or whey protein with inulin and exercise improved energy balance, glucose metabolism, upregulated anorectic hormones, and selectively modulated gut microbiota and plasma metabolites. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharath S Avirineni
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Arashdeep Singh
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Present Address: Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
| | - Rizaldy C Zapata
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA
| | - Richard D Stevens
- Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Caleb D Phillips
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Prasanth K Chelikani
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee JH, Lee HS, Ahn SB, Kwon YJ. Dairy protein intake is inversely related to development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5252-5260. [PMID: 34534894 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is closely related to metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Dairy protein, rich in casein and whey protein, could help to reduce metabolic diseases. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. METHODS We analyzed data for 5171 adults aged 40-69 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.(KoGES) Participants were separated as men, women aged ≥50 years, and women aged <50 years and then divided into tertiles based on dairy protein intake. NAFLD was defined as NAFLD liver fat score >-0.640. Scores were calculated as 1.18 × metabolic syndrome (Yes: 1, No: 0) + 0.45 × diabetes mellitus (Yes: 2, No: 0) + 0.15 × serum insulin +0.04 × AST - 0.94 × (AST/ALT) - 2.89. Cox proportional hazards spline curves were drawn to visualize dose-response relationships between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. Multiple Cox hazard regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. RESULTS The Cox proportional hazards spline curves revealed a negative linear relationship between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. The cumulative incidence of NAFLD significantly decreased with increasing tertiles of dairy protein intake in men and women aged ≥50 years. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for NAFLD in the middle and highest tertiles, compared to the lowest tertile, were 0.80 (0.67-0.96) and 0.71 (0.57-0.88) in men, 0.89 (0.72-1.09) and 0.72 (0.56-0.92) in women aged ≥50 years, and 1.01 (0.80-1.27) and 0.91 (0.67-1.24) in women aged <50 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found that higher dairy protein intake was significantly and inversely associated with the risk of incident NAFLD in men and women aged ≥50 years. Consumption of milk and other dairy products could help prevent the development of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo W, Ai L, Wang B, Wang L, Gan Y, Liu C, Jensen J, Zhou Y. Eccentric exercise and dietary restriction inhibits M1 macrophage polarization activated by high-fat diet-induced obesity. Life Sci 2020; 243:117246. [PMID: 31904367 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity induce low-grade inflammation and elicit insulin resistance (IR), exercise training accompanied by a low-fat diet has been prescribed as part of the treatment for managing obesity and IR. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of eccentric exercise accompanied by a low-fat diet on glycolipid metabolism, exercise capacity, and macrophage polarization in obesity-induced IR mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were fed with 60% high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and subsequently treated with eccentric exercise or/and dietary restriction for 8 weeks. Related biochemical index were examined both before and during intervention to evaluate the ability of glycolipid metabolism. Exercise capacity was measured to verify the results of biochemical index. At 12 weeks and 12 + 8 weeks, infiltration was observed by H&E staining in adipose tissue, and macrophage polarization was detected by Immunofluorescence staining and ELISA. KEY FINDING 1) obesity-induced IR model was established by HFD fed for 12 weeks accompanied by impaired exercise ability and increased M1 macrophage, 2) eccentric exercise accompanied by a low-fat diet markedly rescued obesity-induced IR and improved exercise capacity, 3) eccentric exercise accompanied by a low-fat diet markedly inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and activated M2 macrophage. SIGNIFICANCE Eccentric exercise accompanied by a low-fat diet rescued obesity-induced IR and improved exercise capacity, which were associated with the inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization and the activation of M2 macrophage. These indicate that macrophage polarization provides the potential target of intervention for inflammation and IR in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China; Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ai
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Bofa Wang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Gan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenzhe Liu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Jørgen Jensen
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Townsend LK, Gandhi S, Shamshoum H, Trottier SK, Mutch DM, Reimer RA, Shearer J, LeBlanc PJ, Wright DC. Exercise and Dairy Protein have Distinct Effects on Indices of Liver and Systemic Lipid Metabolism. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:97-105. [PMID: 31729829 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the individual and combined effects of skim milk powder (SMP) and exercise on indices of systemic and liver lipid metabolism in male obese rats. METHODS Rats were fed a high-fat (~ 40% kcal from fat), high-sugar diet for 8 weeks. At 12 weeks of age, rats were assigned to one of four weight-matched, isocaloric, high-fat, high-sugar groups for 6 weeks: (1) casein-sedentary, (2) casein-exercise, (3) SMP-sedentary, and (4) SMP-exercise. Nonfat SMP or casein was the sole protein source in the dairy and control casein diets, respectively. Exercise training occurred 5 d/wk for 60 minutes on a motorized treadmill. Whole-body metabolism was assessed by a Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitoring System. Lipidomics, Western blot, and polymerase chain reaction were used to assess markers of hepatic lipid metabolism. RESULTS Exercise, but not SMP, altered the fatty acid composition of liver triglycerides, reduced indices of lipogenesis, and increased expression of genes linked to oxidative metabolism, in conjunction with increases in whole-body fat oxidation. SMP and exercise reduced plasma triglycerides in an additive manner. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that SMP and exercise exert distinct effects on whole-body and hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and that they could work in a synergistic manner to reduce serum triglyceride concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logan K Townsend
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shivam Gandhi
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hesham Shamshoum
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah K Trottier
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul J LeBlanc
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mayengbam S, Mickiewicz B, Trottier SK, Mu C, Wright DC, Reimer RA, Vogel HJ, Shearer J. Distinct Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Response to Weight Loss Induced by Either Dairy or Exercise in a Rodent Model of Obesity. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3867-3875. [PMID: 31533430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Energy imbalance is a primary cause of obesity. While the classical approach to attenuate weight gain includes an increase in energy expenditure through exercise, dietary manipulation such as the inclusion of dairy products has also been proven effective. In the present study, we explored the potential mechanisms by which dairy and exercise attenuate weight gain in diet-induced obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet to induce obesity for 8 weeks. Rats were then further grouped into either control (HFHS + casein) or dairy diet (HFHS + nonfat skim milk) with and without treadmill exercise for 6 weeks. Serum and fresh fecal samples were collected for gut microbiota, serum metabolomics, and metallomics analysis. Diet and exercise resulted in distinct separation in both gut microbiota and serum metabolite profiles. Most intriguingly, obesogenic bacteria including Desulfovibrio and Oribacterium were reduced, and bioactive molecules such as mannose and arginine were significantly increased in the dairy group. Correlations of at least six bacterial genera with serum metal ions and metabolites were also found. Results reveal distinct impacts of dairy and exercise on the gut microbiota and in the modulation of circulating metabolites with the former primarily responsible for driving microbial alterations known to attenuate weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamchand Mayengbam
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute , Alberta Children's Hospital , Calgary T3B 6A8 , Alberta , Canada
| | | | - Sarah K Trottier
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Guelph N1G 2W1 , Ontario , Canada
| | - Chunlong Mu
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute , Alberta Children's Hospital , Calgary T3B 6A8 , Alberta , Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Guelph N1G 2W1 , Ontario , Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute , Alberta Children's Hospital , Calgary T3B 6A8 , Alberta , Canada
| | | | - Jane Shearer
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute , Alberta Children's Hospital , Calgary T3B 6A8 , Alberta , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tan N, Li X, Zhai L, Liu D, Li J, Yokota H, Zhang P. Effects of knee loading on obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an ovariectomized mouse model with high-fat diet. Hepatol Res 2018; 48:839-849. [PMID: 29601135 PMCID: PMC6143407 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hormonal and nutritional disorders are the main causes of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in the elderly and in postmenopausal women. Although physical activity might alleviate these disorders, the elderly may often have difficulty in carrying out physical exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of knee loading, a new form of physical stimulation, on the symptoms of obesity and fatty liver. METHODS Using ovariectomized mice fed a high-fat diet, we evaluated the effect of knee loading that applies gentle cyclic loads to the knee. Female C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control (SCD), high-fat diet (HF), HF with loading (HF + L), HF with ovariectomy (HF + OVX), and HF + OVX with loading (HF + OVX + L). Except for SCD, mice underwent sham operation or ovariectomy and were maintained on HF diet. After 6 weeks, the mice in the HF + L and HF + OVX + L groups were treated with knee loading for 6 weeks. RESULTS Compared to the obesity groups (HF and HF + OVX), knee loading significantly decreased a gain in body weight, liver weight, and white adipose tissue (all P < 0.01). It also reduced the lipid level in the serum (P < 0.01) and histological severity of hepatic steatosis (P < 0.01). Furthermore, knee loading downregulated biomarkers related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (GRP78, p-eIF2α, and ATF4) and altered biomarkers in autophagy (LC3 and p62). CONCLUSIONS Knee loading suppressed obesity-associated metabolic alterations and hepatic steatosis. These effects with knee loading might be associated with suppression of ER stress and promotion of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nian Tan
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China,TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lidong Zhai
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China,TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China,TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China,TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Corresponding Author: Ping Zhang, MD, Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China, Phone: 86-22-83336818, Fax: 86-22-83336810,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gonçalves TT, Lazaro CM, De Mateo FG, Campos MC, Mezencio JG, Claudino MA, de O Carvalho P, Webb RC, Priviero FB. Effects of glucosyl-hesperidin and physical training on body weight, plasma lipids, oxidative status and vascular reactivity of rats fed with high-fat diet. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:321-332. [PMID: 30013377 PMCID: PMC6037267 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s153661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with glucosyl hesperidin (GH), with or without physical training, on body weight, fat depot, glucose and plasma lipids, oxidative status and vascular function of rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS After weaning, male Wistar rats were fed with an HFD plus fructose for 12 weeks and started receiving oral antioxidant supplementation and/or physical training after the fourth week of diet for eight further weeks. Body weight, epididymal and retroperitoneal fat, plasma glucose and lipids, oxidative status and mesenteric artery reactivity were evaluated. RESULTS Rats fed with HFD presented higher body weight gain and fat accumulation compared to control rats, while GH supplementation did not influence these parameters. Physical training reduced the body weight gain and fat accumulation and modulated the oxidative status by increasing superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity and reducing lipid peroxidation. GH alone decreased lipid peroxidation. However, when given to exercised rats, it impaired the response elicited by physical training. HFD caused endothelial dysfunction, and neither GH nor physical exercise prevented it. Potency of sodium nitroprusside was increased in exercised animals but not in GH-supplemented rats. CONCLUSION Physical exercise partially decreased the body fat accumulation, decreased plasma levels of glucose and lipids and improved general oxidative status and endothelium-independent relaxation in mesenteric arteries of rats fed with HFD. GH exhibited benefits only in the oxidative status. However, GH given in association with physical exercise did not cause further changes in addition to those promoted by physical exercise. On the contrary, in exercised animals, GH prevented those changes elicited by physical training in plasma glucose and lipids, oxidative status and endothelium-independent relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Tomazini Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Carolina M Lazaro
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Fernanda G De Mateo
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Marcela Cb Campos
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Jackeline Gb Mezencio
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Mario A Claudino
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Patrícia de O Carvalho
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,
| | - Fernanda Bm Priviero
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil,
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,
| |
Collapse
|