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Kiss Z, Mudryj M, Ghosh PM. Non-circadian aspects of BHLHE40 cellular function in cancer. Genes Cancer 2020; 11:1-19. [PMID: 32577154 PMCID: PMC7289903 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While many genes specifically act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, others are tumor promoters or suppressors in a context-dependent manner. Here we will review the basic-helix-loop-helix (BHLH) protein BHLHE40, (also known as BHLHB2, STRA13, DEC1, or SHARP2) which is overexpressed in gastric, breast, and brain tumors; and downregulated in colorectal, esophageal, pancreatic and lung cancer. As a transcription factor, BHLHE40 is expressed in the nucleus, where it binds to target gene promoters containing the E-box hexanucleotide sequence, but can also be expressed in the cytoplasm, where it stabilizes cyclin E, preventing cyclin E-mediated DNA replication and cell cycle progression. In different organs BHLHE40 regulates different targets; hence may have different impacts on tumorigenesis. BHLHE40 promotes PI3K/Akt/mTOR activation in breast cancer, activating tumor progression, but suppresses STAT1 expression in clear cell carcinoma, triggering tumor suppression. Target specificity likely depends on cooperation with other transcription factors. BHLHE40 is activated in lung and esophageal carcinoma by the tumor suppressor p53 inducing senescence and suppressing tumor growth, but is also activated under hypoxic conditions by HIF-1α in gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinomas, stimulating tumor progression. Thus, BHLHE40 is a multi-functional protein that mediates the promotion or suppression of cancer in a context dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Kiss
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Kontomanolis EN, Fasoulakis Z, Papamanolis V, Koliantzaki S, Dimopoulos G, Kambas NJ. The Impact of microRNAs in Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Progression. Microrna 2019; 8:101-109. [PMID: 30332982 DOI: 10.2174/2211536607666181017122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to review the recent data considering the expression profile and the role of microRNAs in breast tumorigenesis, and their impact on -the vital for breast cancer progression- angiogenesis. METHODS PubMed was searched for studies focused on data that associate microRNA with breast cancer, using the terms ''breast", "mammary gland", "neoplasia'', "angiogenesis" and ''microRNA'' between 1997-2018. RESULTS Aberrant expression of several circulating and tissue miRNAs is observed in human breast neoplasms with the deregulation of several miRNAs having a major participation in breast cancer progression. Angiogenesis seems to be directly affected by either overexpression or down regulation of many miRNAs, defining the overall prognostic rates. Many miRNAs differentially expressed in breast cancer that reveal a key role in suppression - progression and metastasis of breast cancer along with the contribution of the EGF, TNF-a and EGF cytokines. Conclusion Angiogenesis has proven to be vital for tumor development and metastasis while microRNAs are proposed to have multiple biological roles, including participation in immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory and recent studies reveal their implication in angiogenesis and its possible use as prognostic factors in cancer Even though larger studies are needed in order to reach safe conclusions, important steps are made that reveal the connection of serum microRNA expression to the angiogenic course of breast cancer, while miRNAs could be potential prognostic factors for the different breast cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N. Kontomanolis
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Democritus University in Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Greece
| | - Zacharias Fasoulakis
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Democritus University in Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Greece
| | | | - Sofia Koliantzaki
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
| | - Nikolaos J. Kambas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
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Sub-chronic 90-day toxicity of neamine in SD rats and its anti-liver cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 315:50-59. [PMID: 27940282 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neamine, an inhibitor of angiogenin (ANG), is a new investigative anticancer drug currently in preclinical stage. Here we report the 90-day sub-chronic toxicity of neamine in SD rats and its anti-liver cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Neamine has a No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of 12 and 16mg·kg-1·d-1 for female and male rats, respectively. No mortality was found. The adverse effects included increased organ coefficients of spleen and kidney, increased BUN in both female and male rats at high dose, increased CR and decreased organ coefficients of heart and liver in male rats at high dose. All of which, except the kidney coefficient and BUN in males, returned to normal levels after 28-day recovery. Histopathological examination revealed vacuolar degeneration of glomerulus, degeneration of renal tubules and cast in the kidneys, which were also recovered except in males of high-dosing group. These results indicate that kidney is the most susceptible organ for neamine toxicity. Tissue microarray analysis validated that ANG is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied by increased nuclear translocation, suggesting that ANG is a possible target for drug development in liver cancer treatment. Neamine blocked nuclear translocation of ANG in HUVEC and HepG2 cells, and inhibited ANG-stimulated cell proliferation without affecting basal level cell proliferation. Neamine also inhibited progression of HepG2 xenografts in athymic mice accompanied by decreased angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation. These results suggest that neamine is a specific ANG inhibitor with low toxicity and high anti-liver cancer efficacy.
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Pasquier J, Thawadi HA, Ghiabi P, Abu-Kaoud N, Maleki M, Guerrouahen BS, Vidal F, Courderc B, Ferron G, Martinez A, Al Sulaiti H, Gupta R, Rafii S, Rafii A. Microparticles mediated cross-talk between tumoral and endothelial cells promote the constitution of a pro-metastatic vascular niche through Arf6 up regulation. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2014; 7:41-59. [PMID: 24424657 PMCID: PMC4150875 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-013-0142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor stroma plays an essential role in tumor growth, resistance to therapy and occurrence of metastatic phenotype. Tumor vessels have been considered as passive conducts for nutrients but several studies have demonstrated secretion of pro-tumoral factors by endothelial cells. The failure of anti-angiogenic therapies to meet expectations raised by pre-clinical studies prompt us to better study the cross-talk between endothelial and cancer cells. Here, we hypothesized that tumor cells and the endothelium secrete bio-active microparticles (MPs) participating to a functional cross-talk. We characterized the cancer cells MPs, using breast and ovarian cancer cell lines (MCF7, MDA-MB231, SKOV3, OVCAR3 and a primary cell lines, APOCC). Our data show that MPs from mesenchymal-like cell lines (MDA-MB231, SKOV3 and APOCC) were able to promote an activation of endothelial cells through Akt phosphorylation, compared to MPs from epithelial-like cell lines (OVCAR3 and MCF7). The MPs from mesenchymal-like cells contained increased angiogenic molecules including PDGF, IL8 and angiogenin. The endothelial activation was associated to increased Arf6 expression and MPs secretion. Endothelial activation functionalized an MP dependent pro-tumoral vascular niche promoting cancer cells proliferation, invasiveness, stem cell phenotype and chemoresistance. MPs from cancer and endothelial cells displayed phenotypic heterogeneity, and participated to a functional cross-talk where endothelial activation by cancer MPs resulted in increased secretion of EC-MPs sustaining tumor cells. Such cross-talk may play a role in perfusion independent role of the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pasquier
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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Dutta S, Bandyopadhyay C, Bottero V, Veettil MV, Wilson L, Pins MR, Johnson KE, Warshall C, Chandran B. Angiogenin interacts with the plasminogen activation system at the cell surface of breast cancer cells to regulate plasmin formation and cell migration. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:483-507. [PMID: 24457100 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG), a 14-kDa pro-angiogenic secreted protein, has been shown to play a role in cell migration and tumor invasion, which involve proteolytic cleavage of plasminogen to generate plasmin. However, the mechanism by which ANG regulates plasmin formation and cell migration was not known. Our studies here detected elevated levels of secreted and cell surface-bound ANG in highly invasive metastatic breast cancer cells. ANG was also detected at very high levels in the tumor cells in infiltrating ductal carcinomas. By immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation analysis, ANG was detected at the leading edges of the cell surfaces where it colocalized and interacted with members of the plasminogen activation system (PAS) such as annexin A2 (A2), calpactin (S100-A10) and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). Analysis of lipid raft (LR) and non-lipid raft (NLR) regions of the cell membranes showed the predominance of ANG, A2 and S100-A10 in the LR regions. In contrast, uPAR was detected predominantly in the NLR fractions, suggesting that ANG interacts with uPAR at the junctions of LR and NLR regions. ANG knockdown in T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines did not affect the cellular expression of A2, S100-A10 and uPAR but decreased cell migration and plasmin formation. Neutralization of ANG with monoclonal antibodies similarly decreased the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In the presence of ANG, uPAR was observed to interact with uPA, which is necessary for plasmin formation. Conversely, in the absence of ANG, uPAR did not interact with uPA and FAK and Src kinases were observed to be dephosphorylated. Exogenous addition of recombinant ANG to ANG knocked down MDA-MB-231 cells restored FAK phosphorylation, uPAR interactions with uPA, plasmin formation as well as migration of these cells. Taken together, our results identified a novel role for ANG as a member of the uPAR interactome that facilitates the interaction of uPAR with uPA, leading to plasmin formation and cell migration necessary for tumor invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Dutta
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Chirosree Bandyopadhyay
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Virginie Bottero
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Mohanan V Veettil
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Lydia Wilson
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Michael R Pins
- Department of Pathology, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | - Karen E Johnson
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Case Warshall
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Bala Chandran
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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Ramani P, Headford A, Sowa-Avugrah E, Hunt LP. Angiogenin expression in human kidneys and Wilms' tumours: relationship with hypoxia and angiogenic factors. Int J Exp Pathol 2013; 94:115-25. [PMID: 23419171 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) is a potent angiogenic factor that is up-regulated by hypoxia. ANG expression is well documented in normal tissues and in common tumours, but its expression has not been reported in the normal human kidney or in Wilms' tumours (WT). We examined ANG expression in WTs, human fetal kidney (FK) and childhood kidney (NK) samples and studied its relationship with microvascular density (MVD) and with three other hypoxia-induced angiogenic factors: lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and BHLHE40 (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor E40). Total ANG protein levels were significantly lower in WTs when compared with those in 15 matched-paired NKs. ANG immunoreactivity was observed in the glomeruli, proximal tubules and vessels in the FKs and NKs, indicating that ANG plays a physiological role in the human kidney. ANG cellular localization and distribution in 27 WTs reflected the pattern observed in the FKs. ANG colocalized with LDHA in the perinecrotic areas of untreated WTs suggesting up-regulation by hypoxia. There was a significant correlation between CD31-MVD and ANG-MVD. ANG, CD31, VEGFA and BHLHE40 mRNA levels were significantly lower in 15 WTs compared with matched-paired NKs. Univariable and multivariable statistical analyses showed significant correlations between ANG and CD31, ANG and BHLHE40 mRNAs and a weaker relationship between ANG and VEGFA mRNAs. ANG expression in WTs recapitulates that seen during nephrogenesis, and correlation with CD31-MVDs and mRNAs is consistent with a contribution to angiogenesis in WTs. Our study contributes to the understanding of angiogenesis during development and in WTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Ramani
- Department of Histopathology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, UK
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Kishimoto K, Yoshida S, Ibaragi S, Yoshioka N, Okui T, Hu GF, Sasaki A. Hypoxia-induced up-regulation of angiogenin, besides VEGF, is related to progression of oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2012; 48:1120-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bogush T, Dudko E, Bogush E, Polotsky B, Tjulandin S, Davydov M. Tamoxifen non-estrogen receptor mediated molecular targets. Oncol Rev 2012; 6:e15. [PMID: 25992213 PMCID: PMC4419624 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2012.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experimental studies revealing new biological effects of tamoxifen on tumor cells both expressing and not expressing different types of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) show new aspects of a seemingly well known agent. This review describes tamoxifen targets, the blocking of which leads to inhibition of tumor cell growth and angiogenesis, stimulation of programmed cell death (apoptosis, autophagia and necrosis), inhibition of multidrug resistance, invasion and metastasis. Since outcomes of tamoxifen action on cells are prognostically good from the point of view of both tumor growth/metastasis inhibition and tumor response to drug therapy, the authors believe this is an extremely important addition to tamoxifen antiestrogenic effect. Arguments are provided to consider the strategy of long-term tamoxifen treatment proposed by Professor Craig V. Jordan in the 1970s that is also applicable to the treatment of other tumors. This is, first of all, the fact that expression of estrogen receptor-beta that can also be targeted by tamoxifen therapy in solid tumors of practically all known sites and histologies. The authors believe that molecular biological screening of patients with respect to expression of tamoxifen cellular targets other than ERα and ERβ is needed to use to the full all tamoxifen biological activities other than modulation of estrogen receptors during long-term adjuvant therapy for cancers of various sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Bogush
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - Evgeny Dudko
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - Elena Bogush
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - Boris Polotsky
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - Sergei Tjulandin
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - Mikhail Davydov
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation, Moscow
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Weng C, Dong H, Chen G, Zhai Y, Bai R, Hu H, Lu L, Xu Z. miR-409-3p inhibits HT1080 cell proliferation, vascularization and metastasis by targeting angiogenin. Cancer Lett 2012; 323:171-9. [PMID: 22531314 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although the expression of angiogenin (ANG), an angiogenic and tumorigenic factor, is elevated in various types of cancers, its regulation mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, in silico search predicted that miR-409-3p targeted to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the ANG mRNA. Overexpression of miR-409-3p in fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells resulted in decreased steady-state level of ANG transcript and ANG production which were achieved through direct binding of this miRNA to the ANG 3'UTR. The suppressions of miR-409-3p to rRNA transcription, cell proliferation and vasculogenic mimicry could be partially restored by overexpression of ANG with a mutated binding site of miR-409-3p within the ANG 3'UTR. Ectopic expression of miR-409-3p in transplanted HT1080 cells led to the retardation of tumor growth, vascularization and lung metastasis in mouse tumor xenografts. In these xenografts tissues, the expression of miR-409-3p displayed an inverse correlation with ANG, which was also detected in human fibrosarcoma samples. In addition, the suppression effects of miR-409-3p on cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro were also found in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that miR-409-3p inhibits tumor growth, vascularization and metastasis through down-regulating ANG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Weng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Dungwa JV, Uparkar U, May MT, Ramani P. Angiogenin up-regulation correlates with adverse clinicopathological and biological factors, increased microvascular density and poor patient outcome in neuroblastomas. Histopathology 2012; 60:911-23. [PMID: 22372545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS As new biomarkers are urgently needed to identify children with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB), we studied the contribution of angiogenin (ANG) to angiogenesis and its association with clinicopathological and biological features and patient outcome in NB. METHODS AND RESULTS Ninety NBs and 12 ganglioneuromas (GNs) were immunostained for ANG and CD31. ANG expression in NB tumoral cells (ANG scores) and vessels [ANG microvascular density (MVD)] and total MVD (CD31 MVD) were determined. The ANG score was significantly greater in NBs than in GNs (P = 0.015) and in NBs from children with stage 4 tumours, high-risk disease, unfavourable pathology (P < 0.001 for each), MYCN amplification (P = 0.003), and 1p deletion (P = 0.002). ANG scores correlated with ANG MVD and CD31 MVD (P < 0.001 for each). Total ANG and CD31 protein levels, measured with a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were highly correlated (P = 0.003). High ANG scores were associated with decreased overall and event-free survival (log-rank test, P = 0.025 and P = 0.018, respectively). High ANG MVD was associated with decreased overall and event-free survival (log-rank test, P = 0.009 and P = 0.026, respectively). High CD31 MVD was associated with decreased event-free survival (P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS The strong correlation of ANG up-regulation with total MVD and adverse clinicopathological and biological factors indicates that ANG supports growth and progression in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah V Dungwa
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
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Angiogenin enhances cell migration by regulating stress fiber assembly and focal adhesion dynamics. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28797. [PMID: 22194915 PMCID: PMC3237552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) acts on both vascular endothelial cells and cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we carried out a co-immunoprecipitation assay in HeLa cells and identified 14 potential ANG-interacting proteins. Among these proteins, β-actin, α-actinin 4, and non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 are stress fiber components and involved in cytoskeleton organization and movement, which prompted us to investigate the mechanism of action of ANG in cell migration. Upon confirmation of the interactions between ANG and the three proteins, further studies revealed that ANG co-localized with β-actin and α-actinin 4 at the leading edge of migrating cells. Down-regulation of ANG resulted in fewer but thicker stress fibers with less dynamics, which was associated with the enlargements of focal adhesions. The focal adhesion kinase activity and cell migration capacity were significantly decreased in ANG-deficient cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the existence of ANG in the cytoplasm optimizes stress fiber assembly and focal adhesion formation to accommodate cell migration. The finding that ANG promoted cancer cell migration might provide new clues for tumor metastasis research.
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Medana IM, Day NPJ, Roberts R, Sachanonta N, Turley H, Pongponratn E, Hien TT, White NJ, Turner GDH. Induction of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in the brain of adults with fatal falciparum malaria is a non-specific response to severe disease. Histopathology 2010; 57:282-94. [PMID: 20716170 PMCID: PMC2941727 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medana I M, Day N P J, Roberts R, Sachanonta N, Turley H, Pongponratn E, Hien T T, White N J. & Turner G D H (2010) Histopathology57, 282–294 Induction of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in the brain of adults with fatal falciparum malaria is a non-specific response to severe disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle M Medana
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Penco S, Lunetta C, Mosca L, Maestri E, Avemaria F, Tarlarini C, Patrosso MC, Marocchi A, Corbo M. Phenotypic heterogeneity in a SOD1 G93D Italian ALS family: an example of human model to study a complex disease. J Mol Neurosci 2010; 44:25-30. [PMID: 21120636 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-010-9480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report different clinical expression in seven members of a large family with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the G93D mutation in exon 4 of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene. The ALS clinical course in the proband showed an unusually fast progression of the disease compared to the paucisymptomatic presentation associated to this mutation in the two previously Italian families described. The remaining mutation carriers did not show the aggressive clinical course displayed by the proband. We selected few genes known to be ALS modifiers searching for genetic variants that could explain the wide phenotypic diversity within the family. Exclusion of causative genes such as TDP43, FUS, PGRN and VAPB was performed too. We believe that this kind of family with contrasting phenotypes of ALS may be considered an excellent human model to study the relationship between a wider genetic profile, including modifier genes, and the clinical expression of the disease. Therefore, the novelty of our approach is also represented by the study of a single family to reproduce a composite structure in which search for possible modifier genes/genetic variants linked to SOD1 mutated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Penco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Genetics, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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Cho GW, Noh MY, Kim HY, Koh SH, Kim KS, Kim SH. Bone marrow-derived stromal cells from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have diminished stem cell capacity. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:1035-42. [PMID: 20030561 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow stromal cells (BM-SCs) possess the potential to differentiate, self-renew, and produce diverse trophic/growth factors and are an excellent cell therapy tool for degenerative diseases. However, they exhibit different therapeutic efficacies, depending on the health status and age of the cell donor. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor neuron death in the central nervous system. In this study, we isolated BM-SCs from 11 ALS patients and characterized their potential secretory capacity of neurotrophic factors. We identified significant reductions in the expression of Oct-4 and Nanog , and in the trophic factors ANG, FGF -2, HGF, IGF-1, PIGF, SDF-1alpha , TGF-beta, and VEGF, but not in BDNF or ECGF. Migration of ALS-SCs was reduced, although the cells expressed the same markers for human mesenchymal phenotypes. These data suggest that ALS-SCs have diminished capacity as trophic mediators and may have reduced beneficial effects in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goang-Won Cho
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University , Seoul, Korea
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Nilsson UW, Abrahamsson A, Dabrosin C. Angiogenin regulation by estradiol in breast tissue: tamoxifen inhibits angiogenin nuclear translocation and antiangiogenin therapy reduces breast cancer growth in vivo. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3659-69. [PMID: 20501617 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenin, a 14.2-kDa polypeptide member of the RNase A superfamily, has potent angiogenic effects. Nuclear accumulation of angiogenin is essential for its angiogenic activity. Increased angiogenin expression has been associated with the transition of normal breast tissue into invasive breast carcinoma. In this article, we investigated whether estradiol (E(2)) affected angiogenin in breast tissue. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used microdialysis for sampling of extracellular angiogenin in vivo. In vitro cultures of whole normal breast tissue, breast cancer cells, and endothelial cells were used. RESULTS We show that extracellular angiogenin correlated significantly with E(2) in normal human breast tissue in vivo and that exposure of normal breast tissue biopsies to E(2) stimulated angiogenin secretion. In breast cancer patients, the in vivo angiogenin levels were significantly higher in tumors compared with the adjacent normal breast tissue. In estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, E(2) increased and tamoxifen decreased angiogenin secretion. Moreover, E(2)-induced angiogenin derived from cancer cells significantly increased endothelial cell proliferation. Tamoxifen reversed this increase as well as inhibited nuclear translocation of angiogenin. In vivo, in experimental breast cancer, tamoxifen decreased angiogenin levels and decreased angiogenesis. Additionally, treating tumor-bearing mice with an antiangiogenin antibody resulted in tumor stasis, suggesting a role for angiogenin in estrogen-dependent breast cancer growth. CONCLUSION Our results suggest previously unknown mechanisms by which estrogen and antiestrogen regulate angiogenesis in normal human breast tissue and breast cancer. This may be important for estrogen-driven breast cancer progression and a molecular target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika W Nilsson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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16
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RNA processing pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurogenetics 2010; 11:275-90. [PMID: 20349096 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-010-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA processing is a tightly regulated, highly complex pathway which includes RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, editing, transportation, translation, and degradation of RNA. Over the past few years, several RNA processing genes have been shown to be mutated or genetically associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including the RNA-binding proteins TDP-43 and FUS/TLS. These findings suggest that RNA processing may represent a common pathogenic mechanism involved in development of ALS. In this review, we will discuss six ALS-related, RNA processing genes including their discovery, function, and commonalities.
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17
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Thorne MAS, Burns G, Fraser KPP, Hillyard G, Clark MS. Transcription profiling of acute temperature stress in the Antarctic plunderfish Harpagifer antarcticus. Mar Genomics 2010; 3:35-44. [PMID: 21798195 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Harpagifer antarcticus (the Antarctic plunderfish), a shallow-water benthic fish distributed around the Antarctic Peninsula, is a member of the notothenioid family, one of whose adaptations to the cold waters of Antarctica has been the loss of the classic heat shock response. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of temperature stress on H. antarcticus, we constructed a liver cDNA library and a 10,371 feature microarray. This was hybridized with material from a time course series of animals held at 6°C for 48h. The resulting expression profiles show that this fish displays the classical vertebrate acute inflammatory response. There was also a pronounced signal for increased energy requirements via up-regulation of genes involved in the β oxidation of fatty acids and also a strong signature of response to oxidative stress. Genes in the latter category did not include the "classic" antioxidants such as glutathione S-transferase, but genes involved in the production of reducing potential in the form of NADPH, peroxisome proliferation via peroxisomal acyl co-enzyme A oxidase 1 and genes known to be up-regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1). These identifications provide clear support for oxygen being the whole animal limiting factor at least in acute short-term temperature challenges. The classical heat shock proteins were not up-regulated during this trial, although numerous clones for each were present on the gene chip, confirming the lack of this response in this species. These data significantly increase our knowledge of the cellular stress response from animals in this unique environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A S Thorne
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Cho GW, Kang BY, Kim SH. Human angiogenin presents neuroprotective and migration effects in neuroblastoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 340:133-41. [PMID: 20174961 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human angiogenin (ANG) has been highlighted as an angiogenic factor which supports primary and metastatic tumor growth. Recent genetic studies have shown that ANG is presented as a susceptibility gene for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and ALS-frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD). They found several missense mutations, including K40I, which present the weakest functional activity in ANG variants. In this study, we investigate whether human wild type ANG (wANG) and its variant K40I (mANG) maintain their divergent functional capacities in neuronal cells. To evaluate this, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were transfected with wANG and mANG DNA and identified both wild and mutant ANG are localized to nuclei and have no effects on proliferation. We have shown that human wANG prevented cell death under H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in both SH-SY5Y and NSC-34 cells, tested by MTT assay. These effects were more enhanced in motor neuron cell NSC-34. wANG also played a role in cell migration, while mANG decreased these functional activities. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the intracellular signaling of ERK1/2 (at Thr183/Tyr185) was increased following transfection of the wANG gene, and significantly decreased by mANG in neuronal cells. These findings suggest that human ANG plays a critical role in cell protection and migration following alterations in ERK1/2 signaling in SH-SY5Y cells. This may provide the possible relationship between mutations in hANG and other neurodegenerative diseases as well as ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goang-Won Cho
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, #17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 139-791, Korea
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19
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Mendola DL, Magrì A, Vagliasindi LI, Hansson Ö, Bonomo RP, Rizzarelli E. Copper(ii) complex formation with a linear peptide encompassing the putative cell binding site of angiogenin. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:10678-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00732c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Lucio-Eterovic AK, Piao Y, de Groot JF. Mediators of Glioblastoma Resistance and Invasion during Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:4589-99. [PMID: 19567589 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Bevacizumab
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Chemokine CXCL9/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL9/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Glioblastoma/drug therapy
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 12/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 12/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Agda K Lucio-Eterovic
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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21
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Kim CS, Choi JW, Yoon SJ. Integrative Analysis of Microarray Data with Gene Ontology to Select Perturbed Molecular Functions using Gene Ontology Functional Code. Genomics Inform 2009. [DOI: 10.5808/gi.2009.7.2.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Mercier I, Casimiro MC, Zhou J, Wang C, Plymire C, Bryant KG, Daumer KM, Sotgia F, Bonuccelli G, Witkiewicz AK, Lin J, Tran TH, Milliman J, Frank PG, Jasmin JF, Rui H, Pestell RG, Lisanti MP. Genetic ablation of caveolin-1 drives estrogen-hypersensitivity and the development of DCIS-like mammary lesions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 174:1172-90. [PMID: 19342371 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) loss-of-function mutations are exclusively associated with estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) human breast cancers. To dissect the role of Cav-1 loss-of-function in the pathogenesis of human breast cancers, we used Cav-1(-/-) null mice as a model system. First, we demonstrated that Cav-1(-/-) mammary epithelia overexpress two well-established ER co-activator genes, CAPER and Foxa1, in addition to ER-alpha. Thus, the functional loss of Cav-1 may be sufficient to confer estrogen-hypersensitivity in the mammary gland. To test this hypothesis directly, we subjected Cav-1(-/-) mice to ovariectomy and estrogen supplementation. As predicted, Cav-1(-/-) mammary glands were hyper-responsive to estrogen and developed dysplastic mammary lesions with adjacent stromal angiogenesis that resemble human ductal carcinoma in situ. Based on an extensive biomarker analysis, these Cav-1(-/-) mammary lesions contain cells that are hyperproliferative and stain positively with nucleolar (B23/nucleophosmin) and stem/progenitor cell markers (SPRR1A and beta-catenin). Genome-wide transcriptional profiling identified many estrogen-related genes that were over-expressed in Cav-1(-/-) mammary glands, including CAPER--an ER co-activator gene and putative stem/progenitor cell marker. Analysis of human breast cancer samples revealed that CAPER is overexpressed and undergoes a cytoplasmic-to-nuclear shift during the transition from pre-malignancy to ductal carcinoma in situ. Thus, Cav-1(-/-) null mice are a new preclinical model for studying the molecular paradigm of estrogen hypersensitivity and the development of estrogen-dependent ductal carcinoma in situ lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Mercier
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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23
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Serum levels of angiogenic factors in early breast cancer remain close to normal. Breast 2009; 18:26-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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24
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Morphological observation of nuclear sub-localization of human angiogenin in HUVECs. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:989-93. [PMID: 18246300 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin, a potent angiogenic factor, was cloned and expressed by Escherichia coli and then purified with gel filtration chromatography. Approximately 90% pure angiogenin was obtained to generate a monoclonal antibody. Using western immunoblotting and ELISA, we confirmed that monoclonal antibody C46 secreted from hybridoma cells stably and specifically binds to angiogenin. The fused protein angiogenin-EGF was then expressed in HUVECs, and the subcellular localization of the recombinant protein was determined by confocal microscopy and TEM assay. Recombinant angiogenin was found to mainly concentrate in the pars granulosa of the nucleus, where the protein accumulates to form ribonucleoprotein particles.
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25
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Bhuvaneswari R, Yuen GY, Chee SK, Olivo M. Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy in combination with Avastin (bevacizumab) improves tumor response by downregulating angiogenic proteins. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:1275-83. [PMID: 18046482 DOI: 10.1039/b705763f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality in which a photosensitizer is locally or systemically administered followed by light irradiation of suitable wavelength to achieve selective tissue damage. In addition, PDT is an oxygen-consuming reaction, that causes hypoxia mediated destruction of tumor vasculature that results in effective treatment. However, the hypoxic condition within tumors can cause stress-related release of angiogenic growth factors and cytokines and this inflammatory response could possibly diminish the efficacy of PDT by promoting tumor regrowth. In such circumstances, PDT effectiveness can be enhanced by combining angiogenesis inhibitors into the treatment regimen. Avastin (bevacizumab), a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) specific monoclonal antibody in combination with chemotherapy is offering hope to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In this study we evaluated the combination of hypericin-mediated PDT and Avastin on VEGF levels as well as its effect on overall tumor response. Experiments were conducted on bladder carcinoma xenografts established subcutaneously in Balb/c nude mice. Antibody array, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to assess VEGF concentrations in the various treatment groups. Our results demonstrated that the targeted therapy by Avastin along with PDT can improve tumor responsiveness in bladder tumor xenografts. Immunostaining showed minimal expression of VEGF in tumors treated with combination therapy of PDT and Avastin. Angiogenic proteins e.g., angiogenin, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8) were also found to be downregulated in groups treated with combination therapy.
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26
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Vihinen P, Kallioinen M, Vuoristo MS, Ivaska J, Syrjänen KJ, Hahka-Kemppinen M, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL, Pyrhönen SO. Serum angiogenin levels predict treatment response in patients with stage IV melanoma. Clin Exp Metastasis 2007; 24:567-74. [PMID: 17762972 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-007-9093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This work was conducted to find out new potential serum markers and study their role as predictive factors in patients with metastatic melanoma. Serum samples from 68 patients with stage IV malignant melanoma were collected just before current treatment and screened for 79 different cytokines by using a multi-cytokine array. Angiogenin, which is a protein capable of promoting angiogenesis, was found to be markedly elevated among a sub-group of patients with progressive disease (PD) and thus was subjected to further analysis. The mean serum angiogenin level was 270 ng/ml and the median 236 ng/ml (STD 163 ng/ml). Concentrations were significantly higher among men than in women (P = 0.031), whereas patient's age, site of the primary tumour, Clark's or Breslow's classifications were not associated with angiogenin levels. Patients with only lymph node metastases had markedly lower angiogenin levels than those with metastases at other sites (P = 0.05). High angiogenin levels were significantly (P = 0.015; Kruskal-Wallis) associated with poor treatment response with chemoimmunotherapy. Treatment-related survival (TRS) was shorter (10 months) in patients with above-median values than in those with below-median levels (19 months, P = NS). Cox multivariate regression model was used to control for the confounding by the classical prognostic factors of melanoma (age, sex, disease burden, performance score, site of metastases). Disease burden was the only variable that remained in the model as a significant independent predictor of TRS (P = 0.044). These data suggest that serum angiogenin levels might be of predictive value in the evaluation of treatment response for patients with stage IV melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Vihinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, POB 52, Turku 20521, Finland.
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27
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Subramanian V, Feng Y. A new role for angiogenin in neurite growth and pathfinding: implications for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16:1445-53. [PMID: 17468498 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in human angiogenin (hANG), an angiogenic member of the RNase A superfamily, have been recently reported in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive late-onset neurodegenerative disorder. However, very little is known about the expression and subcellular distribution of ANG in the nervous system or its role in differentiation. Here we report that mouse angiogenin-1 (mAng-1) is strongly expressed in the developing nervous system during mouse embryogenesis and neuroectodermal differentiation of pluripotent P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. mAng1 is strongly expressed in motor neurons (MNs) in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia as well as in post-mitotic MNs derived from P19 cells. We also show for the first time that ANG expression is in the growth cones and neurites. NCI 65828, an inhibitor of the ribonucleolytic activity of hANG, affected pathfinding by P19-derived neurons but not neuronal differentiation. Our findings clearly show that ANG plays an important role in neurite pathfinding and this has implications for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanta Subramanian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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28
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Yoshioka N, Wang L, Kishimoto K, Tsuji T, Hu GF. A therapeutic target for prostate cancer based on angiogenin-stimulated angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:14519-24. [PMID: 16971483 PMCID: PMC1599992 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0606708103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human angiogenin is progressively up-regulated in the prostate epithelial cells during the development of prostate cancer from prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) to invasive adenocarcinoma. Mouse angiogenin is the most up-regulated gene in AKT-induced PIN in prostate-restricted AKT transgenic mice. These results prompted us to study the role that angiogenin plays in prostate cancer. Here, we report that, in addition to its well established role in mediating angiogenesis, angiogenin also directly stimulates prostate cancer cell proliferation. Angiogenin undergoes nuclear translocation in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells grown both in vitro and in mice. Thus, knocking down angiogenin expression in PC-3 human prostate adenocarcinoma cells inhibits ribosomal RNA transcription, in vitro cell proliferation, colony formation in soft agar, and xenograft growth in athymic mice. Blockade of nuclear translocation of angiogenin by the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin inhibited PC-3 cell tumor growth in athymic mice and was accompanied by a decrease in both cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. These results suggest that angiogenin has a dual effect, angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation, in prostate cancer and may serve as a molecular target for drug development. Blocking nuclear translocation of angiogenin could have a combined benefit of antiangiogenesis and chemotherapy in treating prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Yoshioka
- Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Li Wang
- Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Koji Kishimoto
- Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Takanori Tsuji
- Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Guo-fu Hu
- Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Abstract
Angiogenesis, the generation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, is an integral component of wound healing, responses to inflammation and other physiologic processes. It is also an essential part of tumor growth; in the absence of new vessel formation, tumors cannot expand beyond a small volume. Although much is known about angiogenesis and its regulation, there is no overall theory that describes or explains this process. It is here suggested that the intracrine hypothesis, which ascribes to certain extracellular signaling peptides (whether hormones, growth factors, DNA-binding proteins or enzymes) a role in both intracellular biology and extracellular signaling, can contribute to a more general understanding of angiogenesis. Intracrine factors participate in angiogenesis in the following ways: (1) they can act within the cells that synthesized them (type I intracrine action), (2) they can be secreted and then taken up by their cell of synthesis to act intracellularly (type II intracrine action ), or (3) they can be secreted and internalized by a distant target cell (type III intracrine action). The parallels between the intracrine growth factor mechanisms cancer cells employ in stimulating their own growth and the mechanisms operative in endothelial cell proliferation during angiogenesis ("intracrine reciprocity") are discussed. Collectively, these explorations lead to testable hypotheses regarding the regulation of normal and pathological angiogenesis, and point to similarities between tumor-induced angiogenesis and tissue differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Re
- Research Division, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
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30
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Tello-Montoliu A, Patel JV, Lip GYH. Angiogenin: a review of the pathophysiology and potential clinical applications. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:1864-74. [PMID: 16961595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin is a member of the ribonuclease (RNase) superfamily: enzymes of innate substrate specificity, but divergent functional capacities. Angiogenin is a normal constituent of the circulation and contained in a vasculature that rarely undergoes proliferation, but in some physiological and pathological conditions its levels increase in blood, promoting neovascularization. Hence, angiogenesis is a common pathophysiological attribute of angiogenin. In malignant disease, the most studied pathological state in regard to angionenin, abnormally high levels are seen, which may be of prognostic significance. Angiogenin has also been studied in other non-malignant pathological states. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the biochemistry and physiology of angiogenin, specifically in relation to the human pathological states where angiogenin has been implicated and finally, its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tello-Montoliu
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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31
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Chen YP, Lin JY. Increased expression of angiogenin in gastric carcinoma in correlation with tumor angiogenesis and proliferation. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:5135-9. [PMID: 16937522 PMCID: PMC4088009 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i32.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the implication of angiogenin (ANG) in the neovascularizaton and growth of human gastric carcinoma (HGC).
METHODS: ANG mRNA expression in HGC specimens obtained by surgical resection from patients with HGC were examined by RT-PCR. ANG, Ki-67, VEGF protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in HGC specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: RT-PCR showed significantly higher ANG mRNA expression (0.482 ± 0.094) in HGC tissues than in the surrounding nontumorous tissues (0.276 ± 0.019, P = 0.03). MVD within tumorous tissues increased significantly with ANG mRNA expression (r = 0.380, P = 0.001) and ANG protein expression (P < 0.01). The ANG expression levels of cancer tissues were positively correlated with VEGF (P < 0.01) and the proliferation index of cancer cells (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: ANG is one of the neovascularization factors of HGC. ANG may work in coordination with VEGF, and promote the proliferation of HGC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
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32
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Pantsulaia I, Trofimov S, Kobyliansky E, Livshits G. Genetic and environmental determinants of circulating levels of angiogenin in community-based sample. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2006; 64:271-9. [PMID: 16487436 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of angiogenin in plasma provides important prognostic and diagnostic information in variety of malignancies and may even correlate with cancer's progression. Nevertheless, nowadays, specific physiological mechanisms of this protein action as well as major factors regulating its circulating levels normally and in pathology are still poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to examine the contribution of a number of endogenous factors, such as sex, age, body size and genetic effects on the production of angiogenin in apparently healthy individuals, and to assess the correlations in circulating levels between angiogenin and other molecules involved in angiogenesis. METHODS The plasma levels of angiogenin and each of the additional cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM)] were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay in a large family based sample. RESULTS Angiogenin levels were significantly higher in man than in women (360.64 +/- 104.04 ng/ml vs. 322.15 +/- 100.34 ng/ml, P < 0.01) and significantly correlated with age (P < 0.01) in both sexes. Genetic analysis showed that adjusted for potential covariates, 37.4 +/- 7.1% of angiogenin variation was attributable to putative genetic factors. The results of our study revealed that angiogenin concentrations were positively and significantly (P < 0.05) associated with sICAM, IL-6, TNF-alpha and M-CSF levels in the female cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide reliable evidence for the substantial role of genetic factors in the determination of the phenotypic variability of angiogenin plasma levels. These findings of our study, including circulating angiogenin reference limits in healthy population and its correlation with angiogenic cytokines, may be of importance in determination of early stages of pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ia Pantsulaia
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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Hirukawa S, Olson KA, Tsuji T, Hu GF. Neamine inhibits xenografic human tumor growth and angiogenesis in athymic mice. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 11:8745-52. [PMID: 16361562 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously shown that the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin blocks the nuclear translocation of angiogenin and inhibits its angiogenic activity. However, neomycin has not been considered as a favorable drug candidate for clinical development because of its known nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The aim of this study is to determine whether neamine, a nontoxic derivative of neomycin, possesses antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of neamine on the nuclear translocation of angiogenin was examined by means of immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The antitumor activity of neamine was determined with three different animal models. RESULTS Neamine effectively blocked the nuclear translocation of angiogenin in endothelial cells and inhibited angiogenin-induced cell proliferation. It inhibited the establishment of human tumor xenografts in athymic mice in both ectopic and orthotopic tumor models. It also inhibited the progression of established human tumor transplants, whereas the structurally related antibiotic paromomycin had no effect. Immunohistochemical staining showed that both angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation are inhibited by neamine. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the nontoxic aminoglycoside antibiotic neamine is an effective inhibitor of nuclear translocation of angiogenin and may serve as an inhibitor for angiogenin-induced angiogenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Hirukawa
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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