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Carbajo-Gordillo AI, Benito E, Galbis E, Grosso R, Iglesias N, Valencia C, Lucas R, García-Martín MG, de-Paz MV. Simultaneous Formation of Polyhydroxyurethanes and Multicomponent Semi-IPN Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:880. [PMID: 38611138 PMCID: PMC11013152 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces an efficient strategy for synthesizing polyhydroxyurethane-based multicomponent hydrogels with enhanced rheological properties. In a single-step process, 3D materials composed of Polymer 1 (PHU) and Polymer 2 (PVA or gelatin) were produced. Polymer 1, a crosslinked polyhydroxyurethane (PHU), grew within a colloidal solution of Polymer 2, forming an interconnected network. The synthesis of Polymer 1 utilized a Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) methodology based on the aminolysis of bis(cyclic carbonate) (bisCC) monomers derived from 1-thioglycerol and 1,2-dithioglycerol (monomers A and E, respectively). This method, applied for the first time in Semi-Interpenetrating Network (SIPN) formation, demonstrated exceptional orthogonality since the functional groups in Polymer 2 do not interfere with Polymer 1 formation. Optimizing PHU formation involved a 20-trial methodology, identifying influential variables such as polymer concentration, temperature, solvent (an aprotic and a protic solvent), and the organo-catalyst used [a thiourea derivative (TU) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)]. The highest molecular weights were achieved under near-bulk polymerization conditions using TU-protic and DBU-aprotic as catalyst-solvent combinations. Monomer E-based PHU exhibited higher Mw¯ than monomer A-based PHU (34.1 kDa and 16.4 kDa, respectively). Applying the enhanced methodology to prepare 10 multicomponent hydrogels using PVA or gelatin as the polymer scaffold revealed superior rheological properties in PVA-based hydrogels, exhibiting solid-like gel behavior. Incorporating monomer E enhanced mechanical properties and elasticity (with loss tangent values of 0.09 and 0.14). SEM images unveiled distinct microstructures, including a sponge-like pattern in certain PVA-based hydrogels when monomer A was chosen, indicating the formation of highly superporous interpenetrated materials. In summary, this innovative approach presents a versatile methodology for obtaining advanced hydrogel-based systems with potential applications in various biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Carbajo-Gordillo
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - Elena Benito
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - Elsa Galbis
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - Roberto Grosso
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - Nieves Iglesias
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - Concepción Valencia
- Dpto. Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus El Carmen, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
- Pro2TecS—Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lucas
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - M.-Gracia García-Martín
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
| | - M.-Violante de-Paz
- Dpto. Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (R.L.); (M.-G.G.-M.)
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Łukaszewska I, Bukowczan A, Raftopoulos KN, Pielichowski K. Examining the Water-Polymer Interactions in Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane/Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Hybrid Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:57. [PMID: 38201722 PMCID: PMC10780322 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) networks physically modified with octa(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyldimethylsiloxy)POSS (8OHPOSS, 0-10 wt%) were conditioned in environments of different relative humidities (up to 97%) to study water-polymer interactions. The equilibrium sorption isotherms are of Brunauer type III in a water activity range of 0-0.97 and are discussed in terms of the Guggenheim (GAB) sorption model. The study shows that the introduction of 8OHPOSS, even in a large amount (10 wt%), does not hinder the water affinity of the NIPU network despite the hydrophobic nature of POSS; this is attributable to the homogenous dispersion of POSS in the polymer matrix. The shift in the urethane-derived carbonyl bands toward lower wavenumbers with a simultaneous shift in the urethane N-H bending bands toward higher wavenumbers exposes the breakage of polymer-polymer hydrogen bonds upon water uptake due to the formation of stronger water-polymer hydrogen bonds. Upon water absorption, a notable decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg) is observed for all studied materials. The progressive reduction in Tg with water uptake is driven by plasticization and slaving mechanisms. POSS moieties are thought to impact slaving indirectly by slightly affecting water uptake at very high hydration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Łukaszewska
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.); (K.N.R.)
| | | | | | - Krzysztof Pielichowski
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.); (K.N.R.)
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Anderlini B, Ughetti A, Cristoni E, Forti L, Rigamonti L, Roncaglia F. Upgrading of Biobased Glycerol to Glycerol Carbonate as a Tool to Reduce the CO 2 Emissions of the Biodiesel Fuel Life Cycle. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120778. [PMID: 36550984 PMCID: PMC9774724 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With regards to oil-based diesel fuel, the adoption of bio-derived diesel fuel was estimated to reduce CO2 emissions by approximately 75%, considering the whole life cycle. In this paper, we present a novel continuous-flow process able to transfer an equimolar amount of CO2 (through urea) to glycerol, producing glycerol carbonate. This represents a convenient tool, able to both improve the efficiency of the biodiesel production through the conversion of waste streams into added-value chemicals and to beneficially contribute to the whole carbon cycle. By means of a Design of Experiments approach, the influence of key operating variables on the product yield was studied and statistically modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Anderlini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Ughetti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emma Cristoni
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Forti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre H2-MORE, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy
- INSTM Research Unit of Modena, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Roncaglia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre H2-MORE, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy
- INSTM Research Unit of Modena, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Bowman L, Younes GR, Marić M. Effects of Poly(propylene glycol)‐based Triamine on the Sol/gel Curing and Properties of Hybrid Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethanes. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis‐Paul Bowman
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Georges R. Younes
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Milan Marić
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada
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Bizet B, Grau E, Asua JM, Cramail H. Hybrid – Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethanes (H‐NIPUs): A pathway Towards a Broad Range of Novel Materials. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Bizet
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72 Donostia – San Sebastián 20018 Spain
| | - Etienne Grau
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
| | - José M. Asua
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72 Donostia – San Sebastián 20018 Spain
| | - Henri Cramail
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
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Shen ZY, Mei QY, Liu Y, Zheng LC, Li CC, Liu JJ, Xiao YN, Wu SH, Zhang B. A Non-isocyanate Route to Poly(ester urethane) with High Molecular Weight: Synthesis and Effect of Chemical Structures of Polyester-diol. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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González Martínez DA, Vigueras Santiago E, Hernández López S. Yield and Selectivity Improvement in the Synthesis of Carbonated Linseed Oil by Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:852. [PMID: 33802166 PMCID: PMC7998612 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonation of epoxidized linseed oil (CELO) containing five-membered cyclic carbonate (CC5) groups has been optimized to 95% by reacting epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) with carbon dioxide (CO2) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as catalysts. The effect of reaction variables (temperature, CO2 pressure, and catalyst concentration) on the reaction parameters (conversion, carbonation and selectivity) in an autoclave system was investigated. The reactions were monitored, and the products were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopies. The results showed that when carrying out the reaction at high temperature (from 90 °C to 120 °C) and CO2 pressure (60-120 psi), the reaction's conversion improves; however, the selectivity of the reaction decreases due to the promotion of side reactions. Regarding the catalyst, increasing the TBAB concentration from 2.0 to 5.0 w/w% favors selectivity. The presence of a secondary mechanism is based on the formation of a carboxylate ion, which was formed due to the interaction of CO2 with the catalyst and was demonstrated through 13C-NMR and FT-IR. The combination of these factors makes it possible to obtain the largest conversion (96%), carbonation (95%), and selectivity (99%) values reported until now, which are obtained at low temperature (90 °C), low pressure (60 psi) and high catalyst concentration (5.0% TBAB).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susana Hernández López
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus Rosedal, Toluca 50200, Mexico; (D.A.G.M.); (E.V.S.)
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8
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Ghasemlou M, Daver F, Ivanova EP, Brkljaca R, Adhikari B. Assessment of interfacial interactions between starch and non-isocyanate polyurethanes in their hybrids. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116656. [PMID: 32747288 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Manufacturing of multifunctional materials through blending is a promising route for improving performance of biopolymers including starch. Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) are an emerging group of green materials. Understanding the mechanism of interaction between starch and NIPU not only highlights underlying chemistry but also offers an opportunity to tailor the properties and functions of starch-NIPU hybrids. We investigated the interfacial interactions between starch and NIPU to pave the way towards development of high-performance green materials. Multiple analyses revealed that NIPU interacted effectively with starch chains via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. We showed that NIPU domains can efficiently interact with the small portion of starch skeleton at interfacial region and they are only moderately miscible. Incorporation of either component above certain ratio resulted in a phase separation. This work contributes towards understanding of interfacial chemistry between starch and NIPUs and enables tailoring the interface for facile engineering of starch-NIPU hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Fugen Daver
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Robert Brkljaca
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lambeth
- US Army CCDC Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Grounds MD USA
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11
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He X, Xu X, Bo G, Yan Y. Studies on the effects of different multiwalled carbon nanotube functionalization techniques on the properties of bio-based hybrid non-isocyanate polyurethane. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2180-2190. [PMID: 35494582 PMCID: PMC9048836 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08695a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of surface modification on MWCNTs can affect the thermal stability and water absorption of composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Guangxu Bo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
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Xi X, Pizzi A, Gerardin C, Lei H, Chen X, Amirou S. Preparation and Evaluation of Glucose Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Self-Blowing Rigid Foams. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11111802. [PMID: 31684084 PMCID: PMC6918301 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A partially biobased self-blowing and self-hardening polyurethane foam from glucose-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (g-NIPU) was prepared by reaction of glucose with dimethyl carbonate and hexamethylene diamine. However, these foam types generally require a high foaming temperature. In this paper, a self-blowing foam based on g-NIPU was prepared at room temperature by using maleic acid as an initiator and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. Water absorption, compression resistance, and fire resistance were tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the foam cells structure. Middle infrared (ATR FT-MIR) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to help to analyze the reactions during the foaming process. The results obtained showed that self- blowing rigid foams have good compression, this being directly proportional to the foam density. Increasing the amount of glutaraldehyde or reducing maleic acid thickens the cell walls and increases the density of the foams. MALDI-TOF analysis showed that g-NIPU reacts with both maleic acid and glutaraldehyde. The foams presented poor fire resistance indicating that, as for isocyanate based polyurethane foams, addition of a fire retardant would be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Xi
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Antonio Pizzi
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France.
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Christine Gerardin
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Hong Lei
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Siham Amirou
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France.
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He X, Xu X, Wan Q, Bo G, Yan Y. Solvent- and Catalyst-free Synthesis, Hybridization and Characterization of Biobased Nonisocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU). Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1026. [PMID: 31185687 PMCID: PMC6631551 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) is a research hotspot in polyurethane applications because it does not use phosgene. Herein, a novel method of solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis of a hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane (HNIPU) is proposed. First, four diamines were used to react with ethylene carbonate to obtain four bis(hydroxyethyloxycarbonylamino)alkane (BHA). Then, BHA reacted with dimer acid under condensation in the melt to prepare four nonisocynate polyurethane prepolymers. Further, the HNIPUs were obtained by crosslinking prepolymers and resin epoxy and cured with the program temperature rise. In addition, four amines and two resin epoxies were employed to study the effects and regularity of HNIPUs. According to the results from thermal and dynamic mechanical analyses, those HNIPUs showed a high degree of thermal stability, and the highest 5% weight loss reached about 350 °C. More importantly, the utilization of these green raw materials accords with the concept of sustainable development. Further, the synthetic method and HNIPUs don't need isocyanates, catalysts, or solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Qian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guangxu Bo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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