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Alam SSM, Samanta A, Uddin F, Ali S, Hoque M. Tanshinone IIA targeting cell signaling pathways: a plausible paradigm for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Rep 2023:10.1007/s43440-023-00507-y. [PMID: 37440106 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds originating from plants offer a wide range of pharmacological potential and have traditionally been used to treat a wide range of diseases including cancer. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a bioactive molecule found in the roots of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to have remarkable anticancer properties through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, as well as induction of apoptosis and autophagy. It has demonstrated excellent anticancer efficacy against cell lines from breast, cervical, colorectal, gastric, lung, and prostate cancer by modulating multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, IGF-1R, and Bcl-2-Caspase pathways. This review focuses on the role of Tan IIA in the treatment of various cancers, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arijit Samanta
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India
| | - Faizan Uddin
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Safdar Ali
- Clinical and Applied Genomics (CAG) Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India
| | - Mehboob Hoque
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India.
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2
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Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010249. [PMID: 36612248 PMCID: PMC9818426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.
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Lu M, Lan X, Wu X, Fang X, Zhang Y, Luo H, Gao W, Wu D. Salvia miltiorrhiza in cancer: Potential role in regulating MicroRNAs and epigenetic enzymes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1008222. [PMID: 36172186 PMCID: PMC9512245 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1008222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in gene regulation by influencing the translation and longevity of various target mRNAs and the expression of various target genes as well as by modifying histones and DNA methylation of promoter sites. Consequently, when dysregulated, microRNAs are involved in the development and progression of a variety of diseases, including cancer, by affecting cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. Preparations from the dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (Lamiaceae), also known as red sage or danshen, are widely used for treating cardiovascular diseases. Accumulating data suggest that certain bioactive constituents of this plant, particularly tanshinones, have broad antitumor effects by interfering with microRNAs and epigenetic enzymes. This paper reviews the evidence for the antineoplastic activities of S. miltiorrhiza constituents by causing or promoting cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and epigenetic changes to provide an outlook on their future roles in the treatment of cancer, both alone and in combination with other modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xintian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yegang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoming Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenyi Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wenyi Gao, ; Donglu Wu,
| | - Donglu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- School of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wenyi Gao, ; Donglu Wu,
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Yang X, Zhang H, Li L, Zhou X, Liu Y, Lai J. Proteomic Analysis of Protective Effects of Epimedium Flavonoids against Ethanol-Induced Toxicity in Retinoic Acid-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031026. [PMID: 35164291 PMCID: PMC8838442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol (ethanol) is one of the most common addictive psychoactive substances in the world, and alcoholism may result in harmful effects on human health, especially on the nervous system. Flavonoids are regarded as the main active constituent in Epimedium, which has been used to cure some nervous system diseases such as amnesia for over 1000 years. Here, the protective effects of Epimedium flavonoids against ethanol-induced toxicity in retinoic acid (RA)-treated SH-SY5Y cells were investigated. Their mechanism was explored by a label-free proteomic approach combined with bioinformatic analysis for the first time. The results showed that ethanol treatment decreased cell viability by 18%, whereas the viability increased significantly after intervention with Epimedium flavonoids (p < 0.01). According to proteomic and bioinformatic analyses, hundreds of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified and classified as biological process (GO_BP), cellular component (GO_CC) and molecular function (GO_MF). Among them, GO_MF of DEPs, especially molecular function relevant to G proteins, greatly changed in SH-SY5Y cells pretreated by Epimedium flavonoids. In the alcoholism pathway, the expression of the Gi protein was up-regulated under the influence of ethanol, whereas Epimedium flavonoids could reverse the expression profile, both of which were validated by Western blot assay. In conclusion, Gi protein seemed to be an important factor in the alcoholism pathway to suppress the ethanol-induced toxicity of SH-SY5Y cells. These findings suggest a protective potential of Epimedium flavonoids against ethanol-induced toxicity to neurons via the regulation of Gi protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yang
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-29-8265-7505 (J.L.)
| | - Lu Li
- International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xuexue Zhou
- International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yichao Liu
- International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China; (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jianghua Lai
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-29-8265-7505 (J.L.)
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Jin Z, Chenghao Y, Cheng P. Anticancer Effect of Tanshinones on Female Breast Cancer and Gynecological Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:824531. [PMID: 35145409 PMCID: PMC8822147 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.824531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Female breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer are the most common tumors and the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide in women. Drugs derived from natural plants play important roles in malignant tumor therapy. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a commonly used Chinese herb which has been used in the treatment of liver diseases and cardiovascular diseases because of its positive effect of promoting blood circulation, increasing oxidative stress, and removing blood stasis. Recently, studies have found that fat-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza such as tanshinone II, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and dihydrotanshinone I displayed good antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro for gynecological cancer by different molecular mechanisms. In this study, the latest research progress on the antitumor effect and mechanism of tanshinone compounds in breast cancer and gynecological cancer was reviewed to provide references for the research and clinical application of these compounds (tanshinone II, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and dihydrotanshinone I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chenghao
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Cheng,
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Investigating the Mechanism of Scutellariae barbata Herba in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3905367. [PMID: 34381520 PMCID: PMC8352706 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3905367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, which accounts for approximately 10% of all diagnosed cancers and cancer deaths worldwide per year. Scutellariae barbatae Herba (SBH) is one of the most frequently used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of CRC. Although many experiments have been carried out to explain the mechanisms of SBH, the mechanisms of SBH have not been illuminated fully. Thus, we constructed a network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the mechanisms of SBH. Methods We adopted active constituent prescreening, target predicting, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, differentially expressed gene analysis, and molecular docking to establish a system pharmacology database of SBH against CRC. Results A total of 64 active constituents of SBH were obtained and 377 targets were predicted, and the result indicated that quercetin, luteolin, wogonin, and apigenin were the main active constituents of SBH. Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), pPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), Myc protooncogene protein (MYC), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2) were the major targets of SBH in the treatment of CRC. GO analysis illustrated that the core biological process regulated by SBH was the regulation of the cell cycle. Thirty pathways were presented and 8 pathways related to CRC were involved. Molecular docking presented the binding details of 3 key targets with 6 active constituents. Conclusions The mechanisms of SBH against CRC depend on the synergistic effect of multiple active constituents, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of tanshinone IIA-based analogues: Potent inhibitors of microtubule formation and angiogenesis. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113708. [PMID: 34333396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the structural optimization of tanshinone IIA, a natural product which possesses anti-tumor properties but low water-solubility, weak antiproliferative activity and poor PK properties. A new series of ring A/C/D modified tanshinone analogues were synthesized and studied for their antiproliferative capacities against six human cancer cell lines. SAR study revealed that ring A cleavage of tanshinone IIA led to improved anti-cancer activity. Introduction of a methoxy group to the phenyl ring could enhance the anti-cancer activity even further. Compound 2f with methoxy group at C-8 position was selected as an early lead with IC50 values of 0.28-3.16 μM against six tested cell lines. 2f could bind to tubulin colchicine site, inhibit tubulin assembly and disrupt the normal formation of microtubule networks. Cellular mechanistic studies revealed that 2f induced apoptotic cell death of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro investigations showed that 2f impeded the tubule-formation of HUVECs and potently inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells as well as HUVECs. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-angiogenic effect of 2f was confirmed via a zebrafish model test. The satisfactory physicochemical property and metabolic stability of 2f, as well as improved water-solubility, further suggested that 2f could serve as a promising tubulin inhibitor and anti-angiogenic agent.
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Lai Z, He J, Zhou C, Zhao H, Cui S. Tanshinones: An Update in the Medicinal Chemistry in Recent 5 Years. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2807-2827. [PMID: 32436817 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200521124850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinones are an important type of natural products isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with various bioactivities. Tanshinone IIa, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone I are three kinds of tanshinones which have been widely investigated. Particularly, sodium tanshinone IIa sulfonate is a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIa and it is used in clinical in China for treating cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, there are increasing interests in the investigation of tanshinones derivatives in various diseases. This article presents a review of the anti-atherosclerotic effects, cardioprotective effects, anticancer activities, antibacterial activities and antiviral activities of tanshinones and structural modification work in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Lai
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jixiao He
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changxin Zhou
- Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Alizadeh Z, Farimani MM, Parisi V, Marzocco S, Ebrahimi SN, De Tommasi N. Nor-abietane Diterpenoids from Perovskia abrotanoides Roots with Anti-inflammatory Potential. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1185-1197. [PMID: 33749273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the roots of Perovskia abrotanoides yielded 28 diterpenoids, including 12 new analogues, 1-12. The structures of these diterpenoids were established using comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy, and comparison with literature data. The extract and some of the tested compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory activity on J774A.1 macrophage cells stimulated with E. coli lipopolysaccharide. In particular, the tested compounds significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide and the expression of related proinflammatory enzymes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Mahdi M Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Samad N Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Wen C, Xiaoqing Z. Protective effect of notoginsenoside and tanshinone IIA on inflammation-related colorectal cancer mice and the inhibition effect on COX-2 expression. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Fang ZY, Zhang M, Liu JN, Zhao X, Zhang YQ, Fang L. Tanshinone IIA: A Review of its Anticancer Effects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:611087. [PMID: 33597880 PMCID: PMC7883641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.611087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a pharmacologically lipophilic active constituent isolated from the roots and rhizomes of the Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). Tan IIA is currently used in China and other neighboring countries to treat patients with cardiovascular system, diabetes, apoplexy, arthritis, sepsis, and other diseases. Recently, it was reported that tan IIA could have a wide range of antitumor effects on several human tumor cell lines, but the research of the mechanism of tan IIA is relatively scattered in cancer. This review aimed to summarize the recent advances in the anticancer effects of tan IIA and to provide a novel perspective on clinical use of tan IIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ying Fang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Ning Liu
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Fang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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A novel cancer preventative botanical mixture, TriCurin, inhibits viral transcripts and the growth of W12 cervical cells harbouring extrachromosomal or integrated HPV16 DNA. Br J Cancer 2020; 124:901-913. [PMID: 33257842 PMCID: PMC7921087 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phytochemical mixture TriCurin (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol) eliminates human papillomavirus (HPV) (+) cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we further evaluate TriCurin. METHODS The activity of TriCurin and its individual compounds was assayed on W12 cells, derived from a cervical precancer containing episomal and integrated HPV16 DNA, using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays, microscopy and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and on HeLa cells by gene expression analysis. The stability and toxicity of TriCurin microemulsion were tested in an organotypic cervical tissue model. RESULTS TriCurin and its individual compounds inhibit the growth of W12 cells, episomal, type 1 and 2 integrants; the relative order of activity is TriCurin, EGCG, curcumin, or resveratrol. RT-PCR shows that TriCurin activates p53 and suppresses HPV16 mRNAs E1, E2, E4, E6 and E7 at 24 h in W12 cells. Gene expression analysis shows that TriCurin activates pro-apoptotic genes and represses anti-apoptotic genes in HeLa cells. TriCurin in a microemulsion is stable and non-toxic to cervical tissue. The combination of TriCurin and tanshinone IIA exhibits additional synergy against HeLa cells. CONCLUSIONS TriCurin, and the combination of TriCurin with tanshinone IIA, are effective against HPV (+) cells. The phytochemical mixture, in the microemulsion-based cream, is a promising therapeutic for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.
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Tanshinone IIA alleviates hypoxia/reoxygenation induced cardiomyocyte injury via lncRNA AK003290/miR-124-5p signaling. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:20. [PMID: 32220226 PMCID: PMC7099794 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death globally and has thus placed a heavy burden on healthcare. Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a major active compound, extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, that possesses various pharmacological activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of TSA in AMI and its underlying mechanism of action. RESULTS We have shown that TSA decreased the apoptosis rate, the amount of LDH, MDA as well as ROS of cardiomyocytes. Meantime, it elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which was decreased by H/R treatment. It was also determined that miR-124-5p targets AK003290 directly. TSA up-regulated the expression of AK003290 and its function can be reversed by knock down of AK003290 as well as miR-124-5p overexpression. CONCLUSION TSA exerts the protective role against H/R induced apoptosis, oxidative and MMP loss of cardiomyocytes via regulating AK003290 and miR-124-5p signaling.
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Huang SC, Wang PW, Kuo PC, Hung HY, Pan TL. Hepatoprotective Principles and Other Chemical Constituents from the Mycelium of Phellinus linteus. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071705. [PMID: 30002357 PMCID: PMC6099599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis Wistar rat model, the mycelium extract of Phellinus linteus (PLE) (20 mg/Kg) displayed significant protection against hepatic fibrosis. The present investigation characterized eleven new ionone derivatives, phellinulins D–N (4–14), from the P. linteus mycelium extract and the relative stereochemical structures were constructed according to the spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical results. Some purified compounds were examined for their inhibitory effects on activated rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and several isolates did exhibit significant protection. The results indicated that the mycelium of P. linteus could be explored as a hepatoprotective drug or healthy food candidate in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiow-Chyn Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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15
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Lv C, Zeng HW, Wang JX, Yuan X, Zhang C, Fang T, Yang PM, Wu T, Zhou YD, Nagle DG, Zhang WD. The antitumor natural product tanshinone IIA inhibits protein kinase C and acts synergistically with 17-AAG. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:165. [PMID: 29416003 PMCID: PMC5833361 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), the primary bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been reported to possess antitumor activity. However, its antitumor mechanisms are not fully understood. To resolve the potential antitumor mechanism(s) of Tan IIA, its gene expression profiles from our database was analyzed by connectivity map (CMAP) and the CMAP-based mechanistic predictions were confirmed/validated in further studies. Specifically, Tan IIA inhibited total protein kinase C (PKC) activity and selectively suppressed the expression of cytosolic and plasma membrane PKC isoforms ζ and ε. The Ras/MAPK pathway that is closely regulated by the PKC signaling is also inhibited by Tan IIA. While Tan IIA did not inhibit heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), it synergistically enhanced the antitumor efficacy of the Hsp90 inhibitors 17-AAG and ganetespib in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. In addition, Tan IIA significantly inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and induced both cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Collectively, these studies provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms responsible for antitumor activity of Tan IIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lv
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Wu Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, 350108, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677-1848, USA
| | - Dale G Nagle
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of BioMolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677-1848, USA
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.
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16
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Wang PW, Hung YC, Li WT, Yeh CT, Pan TL. Systematic revelation of the protective effect and mechanism of Cordycep sinensis on diethylnitrosamine-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma with proteomics. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60270-60289. [PMID: 27531890 PMCID: PMC5312383 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) has been reported to treat liver diseases. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of C. sinensis on hepatocarcinoma in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat model with functional proteome tools.In the DEN-exposed group, levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased while C. sinensis application remarkably inhibited the activities of these enzymes. Histopathological analysis also indicated that C. sinensis could substantially restore hypertrophic hepatocytes caused by DEN, suggesting that C. sinensis is effective in preventing DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.We therefore comprehensively delineated the global protein alterations using a proteome platform. The most meaningful changes were found among proteins involved in oxidative stress and detoxification. Meanwhile, C. sinensis application could attenuate the carbonylation level of several enzymes as well as chaperone proteins. Network analysis implied that C. sinensis could obviously alleviate hepatocarcinoma via modulating redox imbalance, protein ubiquitination and tumor growth-associated transcription factors.Our findings provide new insight into the potential effects of C. sinensis in preventing carcinogenesis and might help in developing novel therapeutic strategies against chemical-induced hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiang Hung
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Kontostathi G, Zoidakis J, Anagnou NP, Pappa KI, Vlahou A, Makridakis M. Proteomics approaches in cervical cancer: focus on the discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis and drug treatment monitoring. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 13:731-45. [PMID: 27398979 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1210514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The HPV virus accounts for the majority of cervical cancer cases. Although a diagnostic tool (Pap Test) is widely available, cervical cancer incidence still remains high worldwide, and especially in developing countries, attributed to a large extent to suboptimal sensitivities of the Pap test and unavailability of the test in developing countries. AREAS COVERED Proteomics approaches have been used in order to understand the HPV virus correlation to cervical cancer pathology, as well as to discover putative biomarkers for early cervical cancer diagnosis and drug mode of action. Expert commentary: The present review summarizes the latest in vitro and in vivo proteomic studies for the discovery of putative cervical cancer biomarkers and the evaluation of available drugs and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Kontostathi
- a Biotechnology Division , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece.,b Laboratory of Biology , University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- a Biotechnology Division , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece
| | - Nicholas P Anagnou
- b Laboratory of Biology , University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece.,c Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece
| | - Kalliopi I Pappa
- c Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece.,d First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- a Biotechnology Division , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece
| | - Manousos Makridakis
- a Biotechnology Division , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA) , Athens , Greece
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18
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Fang JY, Wang PW, Huang CH, Chen MH, Wu YR, Pan TL. Skin aging caused by intrinsic or extrinsic processes characterized with functional proteomics. Proteomics 2016; 16:2718-2731. [PMID: 27459910 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The skin provides protection against environmental stress. However, intrinsic and extrinsic aging causes significant alteration to skin structure and components, which subsequently impairs molecular characteristics and biochemical processes. Here, we have conducted an immunohistological investigation and established the proteome profiles on nude mice skin to verify the specific responses during aging caused by different factors. Our results showed that UVB-elicited aging results in upregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and strong oxidative damage in DNA, whereas chronological aging abolished epidermal cell growth and increased the expression of caspase-14, as well as protein carbonylation. Network analysis indicated that the programmed skin aging activated the ubiquitin system and triggered obvious downregulation of 14-3-3 sigma, which might accelerate the loss of cell growth capacity. On the other hand, UVB stimulation enhanced inflammation and the risk of skin carcinogenesis. Collectively, functional proteomics could provide large-scale investigation of the potent proteins and molecules that play important roles in skin subjected to both intrinsic and extrinsic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsun Huang
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Wu
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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19
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Hung YC, Pan TL, Hu WL. Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Anticancer Therapy with Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5293284. [PMID: 27579153 PMCID: PMC4989081 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5293284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. We aim to provide a systematic review about the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in anticancer therapy with Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). Danshen, including its lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents, is potentially beneficial for treating various cancers. The mechanisms of ROS-related anticancer effects of Danshen vary depending on the specific type of cancer cells involved. Danshen may enhance TNF-α-induced apoptosis, upregulate caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, endoplasmic reticulum stress, P21, P53, Bax/Bcl-2, DR5, and AMP-activated protein kinase, or activate the p38/JNK, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and FasL signaling pathways. Conversely, Danshen may downregulate human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA, telomerase, survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, CD31, NF-κB, Erk1/2, matrix metalloproteinases, microtubule assembly, and receptor tyrosine kinases including epidermal growth factor receptors, HER2, and P-glycoprotein and inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR or estrogen receptor signaling pathways. Therefore, Danshen may inhibit cancer cells proliferation through antioxidation on tumor initiation and induce apoptosis or autophagy through ROS generation on tumor progression, tumor promotion, and tumor metastasis. Based on the available evidence regarding its anticancer properties, this review provides new insights for further anticancer research or clinical trials with Danshen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiang Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83342, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Road, Dashu District, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 83302, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsush-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83342, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, No. 100, Shihcyuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Fooyin University College of Nursing, No. 151, Chinhsueh Road, Ta-Liao District, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
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20
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Huang SC, Kuo PC, Hung HY, Pan TL, Chen FA, Wu TS. Ionone Derivatives from the Mycelium of Phellinus linteus and the Inhibitory Effect on Activated Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050681. [PMID: 27164091 PMCID: PMC4881507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new γ-ionylideneacetic acid derivatives, phellinulins A-C (1-3), were characterized from the mycelium extract of Phellinus linteus. The chemical structures were established based on the spectroscopic analysis. In addition, phellinulin A (1) was subjected to the examination of effects on activated rat hepatic stellate cells and exhibited significant inhibition of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiow-Chyn Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
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21
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Hung CF, Aljuffali IA, Dai YS, Fang JY. The impact of retinol loading and surface charge on the hepatic delivery of lipid nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 141:584-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Proteomic Analysis of Anticancer TCMs Targeted at Mitochondria. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:539260. [PMID: 26568766 PMCID: PMC4629060 DOI: 10.1155/2015/539260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a rich resource of anticancer drugs. Increasing bioactive natural compounds extracted from TCMs are known to exert significant antitumor effects, but the action mechanisms of TCMs are far from clear. Proteomics, a powerful platform to comprehensively profile drug-regulated proteins, has been widely applied to the mechanistic investigation of TCMs and the identification of drug targets. In this paper, we discuss several bioactive TCM products including terpenoids, flavonoids, and glycosides that were extensively investigated by proteomics to illustrate their antitumor mechanisms in various cancers. Interestingly, many of these natural compounds isolated from TCMs mostly exert their tumor-suppressing functions by specifically targeting mitochondria in cancer cells. These TCM components induce the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of cytochrome c, and the accumulation of ROS, initiating apoptosis cascade signaling. Proteomics provides systematic views that help to understand the molecular mechanisms of the TCM in tumor cells; it bears the inherent limitations in uncovering the drug-protein interactions, however. Subcellular fractionation may be coupled with proteomics to capture and identify target proteins in mitochondria-enriched lysates. Furthermore, translating mRNA analysis, a new technology profiling the drug-regulated genes in translatome level, may be integrated into the systematic investigation, revealing global information valuable for understanding the action mechanism of TCMs.
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Recent Advance in Applications of Proteomics Technologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine Research. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:983139. [PMID: 26557869 PMCID: PMC4629032 DOI: 10.1155/2015/983139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics technology, a major component of system biology, has gained comprehensive attention in the area of medical diagnosis, drug development, and mechanism research. On the holistic and systemic theory, proteomics has a convergence with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this review, we discussed the applications of proteomic technologies in diseases-TCM syndrome combination researches. We also introduced the proteomic studies on the in vivo and in vitro effects and underlying mechanisms of TCM treatments using Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), Chinese herbal formula (CHF), and acupuncture. Furthermore, the combined studies of proteomics with other “-omics” technologies in TCM were also discussed. In summary, this report presents an overview of the recent advances in the application of proteomic technologies in TCM studies and sheds a light on the future global and further research on TCM.
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24
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Liu JJ, Wu HH, Chen TH, Leung W, Liang YC. 15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I from the Functional Food Salvia miltiorrhiza Exhibits Anticancer Activity in Human HL-60 Leukemia Cells: in Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19387-400. [PMID: 26287183 PMCID: PMC4581302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge which is a functional food in Asia. In this study, we investigated the apoptotic effect of DHTS on the human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) type III HL-60 cell line. We found that treatment with 1.5 μg/mL DHTS increased proapoptotic Bax and Bad protein expressions and activated caspases-3, -8, and -9, thus leading to poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage and resulting in cell apoptosis. DHTS induced sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and Fas ligand (FasL) expression. The anti-Fas blocking antibody reversed the DHTS-induced cell death, and the JNK-specific inhibitor, SP600125, inhibited DHTS-induced caspase-3, -8, -9, and PARP cleavage. In a xenograft nude mice model, 25 mg/kg DHTS showed a great effect in attenuating HL-60 tumor growth. Taken together, these results suggest that DHTS can induce HL-60 cell apoptosis in vitro and inhibit HL-60 cell growth in vivo; the underlying mechanisms might be mediated through activation of the JNK and FasL signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jen Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Hsia Wu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Ho Chen
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wan Leung
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Yuan's General Hospital, No. 162 Cheng Kung 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80249, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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26
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Herbal formula, Scutellariae radix and Rhei rhizoma attenuate dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in a rat model. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11734. [PMID: 26133262 PMCID: PMC4488958 DOI: 10.1038/srep11734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioactive components extracted from Scutellariae radix and Rhei rhizoma (SR) have been commonly used to treat liver diseases. The aim of this study was to verify the underlying mechanisms and antifibrotic effects of ethanol extract from the herbal combinatorial formula (SRE) in a dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rat model, with functional proteome tools. Our results indicated that the hepatic collagen content and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression were obviously alleviated by treatment with SRE. Comprehensive proteomics revealed global protein changes, and the network analysis implied that SRE application would attenuate oxidative stress and cytoskeleton dysregulation caused by DMN exposure. Next, marked downregulation of antioxidant enzymes mediated by DMN treatment was restored in the presence of SRE, while SRE treatment contributed to decreased MDA content. Moreover, protein carbonylation and DNA adduction induced by oxidative stress finally leading to liver injury were also reduced under SRE administration. These findings demonstrate that SRE could effectively prevent hepatic fibrosis mainly through regulating the redox status, and subsequently modulating the modification of intracellular molecules. Our experiments might help in developing novel therapeutic strategies against oxidation-caused liver diseases.
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Wang C, Du X, Yang R, Liu J, Xu D, Shi J, Chen L, Shao R, Fan G, Gao X, Tian G, Zhu Y, Zhang J. The prevention and treatment effects of tanshinone IIA on oestrogen/androgen-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 145:28-37. [PMID: 25290459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the major diseases of the urinary system in elderly men. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is the active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia, and it has effects of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, vascular smooth muscle relaxation and tumour growth inhibition. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Tan IIA in the prevention and treatment of BPH. In a rat model of oestradiol/testosterone-induced BPH, Tan IIA inhibited the increase in the thickness of the peri-glandular smooth muscle layer, suppressed the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in both prostate epithelial cells and stromal cells, downregulated the expression of androgen receptor (AR), oestrogen receptor α (ERα), cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and cyclin D1 (CCND1), and effectively prevented the development of the disorder. In vitro, Tan IIA inhibited the proliferation of human prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1 and epithelial cell line RWPE-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In WPMY-1 cells, Tan IIA treatment arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and downregulated the expression of CCNB1. However, in RWPE-1 cells, Tan IIA treatment arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and reduced the expression of CCND1. Tan IIA also reduced the expression of ERα and AR in WPMY-1 and RWPE-1 cells. These results suggest that Tan IIA can inhibit the growth of prostate stromal and epithelial cells both in vivo and in vitro by a mechanism that may involve arresting the cell cycle and downregulating ERα and AR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoling Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Da Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiandang Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Linfeng Chen
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02445, USA
| | - Rui Shao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Guo Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Akaberi M, Mehri S, Iranshahi M. Multiple pro-apoptotic targets of abietane diterpenoids from Salvia species. Fitoterapia 2015; 100:118-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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29
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Kai G, Hao X, Cui L, Ni X, Zekria D, Wu JY. WITHDRAWN: Metabolic engineering and biotechnological approaches for production of bioactive diterpene tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Biotechnol Adv 2014:S0734-9750(14)00150-5. [PMID: 25305517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China.
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Lijie Cui
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - David Zekria
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Munagala R, Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Gupta RC. Tanshinone IIA inhibits viral oncogene expression leading to apoptosis and inhibition of cervical cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:536-46. [PMID: 25304375 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the well-established etiological factor of cervical cancer. E6 and E7 oncoproteins expressed by HPV are known to inactivate tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb, respectively. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a diterpenoid naphthoquinone found in the traditional Chinese medicine Danshen (Salvia sp.). Tan IIA has been shown to possess anti-tumor activity against several cancer types. In this study we show that Tan IIA potently inhibited proliferation of the human cervical cancer CaSki, SiHa, HeLa and C33a cells. Mechanistically in HPV positive CaSki cells, Tan IIA was found to (i) downregulate expression of HPV E6 and E7 genes and modulate associated proteins E6AP and E2F1, (ii) cause S phase cell cycle arrest, (iii) induce accumulation of p53 and alter expression of p53-dependent targets, (iv) modulate pRb and related proteins, and (v) cause p53-mediated apoptosis by moderating Bcl2, Bax, caspase-3, and PARP cleavage expressions. In vivo, Tan IIA resulted in over 66% reduction in tumor volume of cervical cancer xenograft in athymic nude mice. Tan IIA treated tumor tissues had lower expression of proliferation marker PCNA and changes in apoptosis targets were in agreement with in vitro studies, further confirming reduced proliferation and involvement of multiple targets behind anti-cancer effects. This is the first demonstration of Tan IIA to possess significant anti-viral activity by repressing HPV oncogenes leading to inhibition of cervical cancer. Together, our data suggest that Tan IIA can be exploited as a potent therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of cervical and other HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Munagala
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jeyaprakash Jeyabalan
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ramesh C Gupta
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Huang X, Li Y, Li J, Feng Y, Xu X. Tanshinone IIA dampens the cell proliferation induced by ischemic insult in rat astrocytes via blocking the activation of HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling. Life Sci 2014; 112:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lao Y, Wang X, Xu N, Zhang H, Xu H. Application of proteomics to determine the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine remedies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1-8. [PMID: 24862488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The rationale for using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is based on the experience that has been gained from its wide use over thousands of years. However, the mechanisms of action of many TCM are still unclear. Proteomics, which mainly characterizes protein functions, protein-protein interactions, and protein modification in tissues or animals, can be used to investigate signaling pathway perturbations in cells or the whole body. Proteomics has improved the discovery process of effective TCM compounds, and has helped to elucidate their possible mechanisms of action. Therefore, a systematic review of the application of proteomics on TCM research is of great importance and necessity. This review strives to describe the literature on the application of proteomics to elucidate the mechanism of action of TCM on various diseases, and provide the essential discussion on the further utilization of proteomics data to accelerate TCM research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was performed via electronic search on Pubmed with keywords 'Proteomics' and 'Traditional Chinese Medicine'. The papers written in English were acquired and analyzed in this review. RESULTS This review mainly summarizes the application of proteomics to investigate TCM remedies for neuronal disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and immunology-related disease. CONCLUSIONS Researchers have applied proteomics to study the mechanism of action of TCM and made substantial progresses. Further studies are required to determine the protein targets of the active compounds, analyze the mechanism of actions in patients, compare the clinical effects with western medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Naihan Xu
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Goss PE, Strasser-Weippl K, Lee-Bychkovsky BL, Fan L, Li J, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Liedke PER, Pramesh CS, Badovinac-Crnjevic T, Sheikine Y, Chen Z, Qiao YL, Shao Z, Wu YL, Fan D, Chow LWC, Wang J, Zhang Q, Yu S, Shen G, He J, Purushotham A, Sullivan R, Badwe R, Banavali SD, Nair R, Kumar L, Parikh P, Subramanian S, Chaturvedi P, Iyer S, Shastri SS, Digumarti R, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Adilbay D, Semiglazov V, Orlov S, Kaidarova D, Tsimafeyeu I, Tatishchev S, Danishevskiy KD, Hurlbert M, Vail C, St Louis J, Chan A. Challenges to effective cancer control in China, India, and Russia. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:489-538. [PMID: 24731404 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major non-communicable diseases posing a threat to world health. Unfortunately, improvements in socioeconomic conditions are usually associated with increased cancer incidence. In this Commission, we focus on China, India, and Russia, which share rapidly rising cancer incidence and have cancer mortality rates that are nearly twice as high as in the UK or the USA, vast geographies, growing economies, ageing populations, increasingly westernised lifestyles, relatively disenfranchised subpopulations, serious contamination of the environment, and uncontrolled cancer-causing communicable infections. We describe the overall state of health and cancer control in each country and additional specific issues for consideration: for China, access to care, contamination of the environment, and cancer fatalism and traditional medicine; for India, affordability of care, provision of adequate health personnel, and sociocultural barriers to cancer control; and for Russia, monitoring of the burden of cancer, societal attitudes towards cancer prevention, effects of inequitable treatment and access to medicine, and a need for improved international engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Goss
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Avon Breast Cancer Center of Excellence, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Brittany L Lee-Bychkovsky
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Fan
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Li
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanin Chavarri-Guerra
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro E R Liedke
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Oncologia Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Instituto do Cancer Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C S Pramesh
- Department of Surgical Oncology/Clinical Research, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanja Badovinac-Crnjevic
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; University Hospital Zagreb, Department of Oncology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yuri Sheikine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhu Chen
- State Key Lab of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - You-lin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Louis W C Chow
- Organisation for Oncology and Translational Research, Hong Kong, China; UNIMED Medical Institute, Comprehensive Centre for Breast Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Public Health Economics and Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Shiying Yu
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gordon Shen
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Cancer Institute & Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- King's Health Partners Cancer Centre, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Richard Sullivan
- King's Health Partners Cancer Centre, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cancer Policy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rajendra Badwe
- Administration, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shripad D Banavali
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Reena Nair
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Purvish Parikh
- Clinical Research and Education, BSES GH Municipal Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Head & Neck/Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis
- Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dauren Adilbay
- Astana Oncology Center, Head and Neck Oncology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Semiglazov
- Reproductive System Tumors Department, NN Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Orlov
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Saint Petersburg Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Ilya Tsimafeyeu
- Russian Society of Clinical Oncology, Kidney Cancer Research Bureau, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Tatishchev
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Marc Hurlbert
- Avon Foundation Breast Cancer Crusade, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Vail
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica St Louis
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arlene Chan
- Breast Cancer Research Centre-Western Australia and Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Chen L, Wang HJ, Xie W, Yao Y, Zhang YS, Wang H. Cryptotanshinone inhibits lung tumorigenesis and induces apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2447-52. [PMID: 24682389 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone is one of the compounds extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Unlike other tanshinones, only a small number of studies have focused on cryptotanshinone for medical treatment. In the present study, the A549 lung cancer cell line and xenograft models of human lung tumors were used to assess the anti-cancer effect of cryptotanshinone. The effect of cryptotanshinone on human lung cancer, including growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis factors, were identified in vitro, and inhibition of tumor formation, improvement of body condition as well as pathological apoptotic effects were detected in vivo. These results suggested that cryptotanshinone is a potential drug for the treatment and prevention of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- Department of Tumor Chemotherapy, Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Yao
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
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Fu P, Du F, Chen W, Yao M, Lv K, Liu Y. Tanshinone IIA blocks epithelial-mesenchymal transition through HIF-1α downregulation, reversing hypoxia-induced chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer cell lines. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2561-8. [PMID: 24737252 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), an active constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. To induce hypoxia, MCF-7 and HCC1973 cells were treated with 100 µM deferoxamine followed by doxorubicin (DOX). Cell viability and proliferation were examined using the CCK-8 and EdU assays, respectively. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses of the expression of two EMT markers, E-cadherin and vimentin, were also carried out. The role of HIF-1α and TWIST in mediating the effects of Tan IIA was determined through siRNA. Based on the results, hypoxia-induced DOX resistance was observed in both MCF-7 and HCC1973 cells (both P=0.001), which was reversed with Tan IIA. Specifically, in hypoxic conditions, Tan IIA significantly decreased cell viability and proliferation (all P≤0.001), but not apoptosis. Hypoxia also significantly reduced E-cadherin and increased vimentin protein levels (P≤0.005), which returned to control levels with Tan IIA. In addition, silencing both HIF-1α and TWIST expression abrogated the effects of Tan IIA on cell viability. Taken together, Tan IIA ameliorated hypoxia-induced DOX resistance and EMT in breast cancer cell lines, which may be attributed to the downregulation of HIF-1α expression. Further in vivo studies, however, are required to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of Tan IIA in increasing the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Feiya Du
- Department of Breast Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Minya Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Kezhen Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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The molecular mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA on the apoptosis and arrest of human esophageal carcinoma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:582730. [PMID: 24829906 PMCID: PMC4009328 DOI: 10.1155/2014/582730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the possible mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) on esophageal carcinoma cell lines. METHODS Two human esophageal carcinoma cell lines (EC-1 cells and ECa-109 cells) were treated with different concentrations of TanIIA. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8, colony-forming efficiency was calculated, cell cycle and apoptosis were measured, and changes in cell cycle- and apoptosis-related gene expression were measured by Western blotting. RESULTS The CCK-8 and colony formation assay indicated that TanIIA inhibited the cell proliferation of human esophageal cancer cells (IC50 below 1 μg/mL) at 48 h. Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry showed that TanIIA induced apoptosis in both esophageal cancer cell lines. Flow cytometry showed that TanIIA arrested cell cycle in S phase and G2/M phase. Western blotting analysis showed that Akt1 and its phosphorylation were inhibited, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased, and both caspase-9 and caspase-3 were activated after treatment with 1.3 μg/mL TanIIA at 48 h. Meanwhile, p53 and p21 protein levels increased, whereas cyclin B1, CDC2, and CDC2 phosphorylation were inhibited. CONCLUSION TanIIA inhibits the growth of esophageal cancer cells and induces apoptosis in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner, possibly by affecting cell cycle- and apoptosis-related signaling pathways.
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Hung YC, Huang CH, Rau KM. Proteomic analysis reveals tanshinone IIA enhances apoptosis of advanced cervix carcinoma CaSki cells through mitochondria intrinsic and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Proteomics 2013; 13:3411-23. [PMID: 24167031 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervix cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, whereas paclitaxel, the first line chemotherapeutic drug used to treat cervical cancer, shows low chemosensitivity on the advanced cervical cancer cell line. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) exhibited strong growth inhibitory effect on CaSki cells (IC50 = 5.51 μM) through promoting caspase cascades with concomitant upregulating the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK signaling. Comprehensive proteomics revealed the global protein changes and the network analysis implied that Tan IIA treatment would activate ER stress pathways that finally lead to apoptotic cell death. Moreover, ER stress inhibitor could alleviate Tan IIA caused cell growth inhibition and ameliorate C/EBP-homologous protein as well as apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 mediated cell death. The therapeutic interventions targeting the mitochondrial-related apoptosis and ER stress responses might be promising strategies to conquer paclitaxel resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chen X, Guo J, Bao J, Lu J, Wang Y. The anticancer properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): a systematic review. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:768-94. [PMID: 24123144 DOI: 10.1002/med.21304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) is a classical Huoxue Huayu (a traditional Chinese medical term means promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis) herb with 1000 years of clinical application. It mainly contains two groups of ingredients: the hydrophilic phenolic acids and the lipophilic tanshinones. Both groups have demonstrated multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidative stress, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, among others. Recent data have demonstrated that its lipophilic compounds, especially the tanshinones, show potent anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. The anticancer effects of the hydrophilic phenolic acids have also been reported. Furthermore, tanshinones provide structural skeletons for chemical modifications, allowing for a series of derivatives of interests. This review provides a systematic summary of the anticancer profile and the underlying mechanisms of the bioactive compounds isolated from Danshen with special emphasis on tanshinones, aiming to bring new insights for further research and development of this ancient herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Jia L, Ma S, Hou X, Wang X, Qased ABL, Sun X, Liang N, Li H, Yi H, Kong D, Liu X, Fan F. The synergistic effects of traditional Chinese herbs and radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:1439-1447. [PMID: 23760551 PMCID: PMC3678704 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been demonstrated to have potent cytotoxic activity against certain malignant tumors. Ionizing radiation (IR) is one of the most effective methods used in the clinical treatment of cancer. The drawback of a single formula is that it limits the treatment efficacy for cancer, while comprehensive strategies require additional theoretical support. However, a combination of different antitumor treatment modalities is advantageous in restricting the non-specific toxicity often observed with an extremely high dose of a single regimen. The induction of apoptotic cell death is a significant process in tumor cells following radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and resistance to these treatments has been linked to a low propensity for apoptosis. Autophagy is a response of cancer cells to IR or chemotherapy, and involves the prominent formation of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. In this review, the synergistic effects of TCM and radiotherapy are summarized and the underlying mechanisms are illustrated, providing new therapeutic strategies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jia
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology (Ministry of Health), School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021
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Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Apoptosis Induced by Tanshinone IIA on Activated Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:734987. [PMID: 23346212 PMCID: PMC3546466 DOI: 10.1155/2012/734987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the activated hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is the predominant event in the progression of liver fibrosis, selective clearance of HSC should be a potential strategy in therapy. Salvia miltiorrhiza roots ethanol extract (SMEE) remarkably ameliorates liver fibrogenesis in DMN-administrated rat model. Next, tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), the major compound of SMEE, significantly inhibited rat HSC viability and led to cell apoptosis. Proteome tools elucidated that increased prohibitin is involved in cell cycle arrest under Tan IIA is the treatment while knockdown of prohibitin could attenuate Tan IIA-induced apoptosis. In addition, Tan IIA mediated translocation of C-Raf which interacted with prohibitin activating MAPK and inhibiting AKT signaling in HSC. MAPK antagonist suppressed ERK phosphorylation which was necessary for Tan IIA-induced expression of Bax and cytochrome c. PD98059 also abolished Tan IIA-modulated cleavage of PARP. Our findings suggested that Tan IIA could contribute to apoptosis of HSC by promoting ERK-Bax-caspase pathways through C-Raf/prohibitin complex.
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Tian XH, Wu JH. Tanshinone derivatives: a patent review (January 2006 – September 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 23:19-29. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.736494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Zhou ZH, Weng Q, Zhou JH, Zhou J. Extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on the cytokines of rat endometriosis models. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2012; 9:303-14. [PMID: 23983360 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v9i3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common mysterious and fascinating gynaecological condition with diverse clinical manifestations, highly variable and unpredictable clinical course with decreased quality of life. Clinically, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB, Chinese Danshen) has been applied to treat endometriosis and get satisfactory results. The present study was aimed to explore the effects of the extracts of SMB (ESMB) on the serum levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and the levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models. Three extraction methods for SMB were compared, which are the sample extracted with conventional method, the sample extracted with espresso coffee machine and the commercial condensed powder of natural products. We determined tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B and danshensu in the ESMB of different extraction methods. Forty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ESMB group, Danazol (positive control) group, model group and the sham-operation group (Sham group). After all the treatment ended, the serum levels of CA125 and the levels of IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models were measured using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) as directed by the manufacturer. The extraction efficiency of the ESMB samples extracted with coffee machine ranged from 600µm to 710µm was the highest. The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly lower than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of Danazol group and ESMB group were significantly higher than those of Sham group, respectively (P<0.05), and no marked difference existed between them (P>0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly higher than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group and Danazol group were significantly lower than those of Sham group (P<0.05), and there was no marked difference between ESMB group and Sham group (P>0.05). ESMB shows promises in treating endometriosis by markedly decreasing the serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids and significantly increasing the levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan-Hua Zhou
- School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Huang CC, Yeh CT, Hu TH, Yu JS. Network analysis and proteomic identification of vimentin as a key regulator associated with invasion and metastasis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4676-92. [PMID: 22387118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Poor prognoses have long been associated with the high relapse and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To achieve long-term survival, it is necessary to identify new HCC biomarkers and investigate their roles in cell mobility and invasiveness. Of note, overexpression of vimentin (Vim) was significantly correlated with tumor nuclear grade (p=0.01) and the invasive potential, indicating that Vim may be a promising candidate in regulating HCC metastasis. RNA interference-mediated silencing of Vim (siVim) suppressed the invasive and migratory propensity, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity, and elicited morphological changes in poorly differentiated SK-Hep-1 cells. Moreover, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis to survey global protein changes mediated by siVim in SK-Hep-1 cells. Significant changes in cytoskeleton protein but not messenger RNA levels encoding these targeted proteins were observed. All of the data in the current study and a network analysis implied that abolition of Vim may disturb the expression and stability of various cytoskeletal proteins through promoting the ubiquitin system, resulting in impaired cell adhesion and motility. Collectively, an integrated approach represents a modality to explore novel relationships in a proteome complex and highlights the functional roles of Vim in HCC metastasis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translational Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Leu YL, Wu TH, Wu TS. Inhibitory effects of Scutellaria baicalensis extract on hepatic stellate cells through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and activating ERK-dependent apoptosis via Bax and caspase pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:829-837. [PMID: 22210104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The bioactive components extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SB) have been widely used for anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and modulating the immune response. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to verify the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanisms of Scutellaria baicalensis ethanol extract (SBEE) on activated hepatic stellate cells which play a central role in liver fibrogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administrated rat model was applied to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effect of SBEE in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis and immunoblotting were then used to further investigate the molecular mechanisms by which Scutellaria baicalensis extract induces HSC-T6 cell death. RESULTS Hepatic collagen contents and alpha-smooth muscle actin levels were remarkably reduced by treating with SBEE. 100 μg/mL SBEE-induced apoptosis of HSC-T6 cell was characterized with elevated levels of activated caspase-3, poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and release of cytochrome c into the cytosol in a time-dependent manner. A 24h treatment of SBEE induced G(2)/M cell cycle arrest with increased expression of p21 and downregulation of cdc2 and cyclin B1 protein levels. Again, SBEE induced bax expression with concomitant decrease of bcl-2 and upregulated the p53 and MAPK signaling in HSC-T6 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that SBEE could prevent hepatic fibrosis by promoting ERK-p53 pathways which may in turn cause G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and activate caspase system resulting in final apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chang Gung University; Liver Research Center,Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Taoyuan,Taiwan.
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Application of proteomics in the mechanistic study of traditional Chinese medicine. Biochem Soc Trans 2012; 39:1348-52. [PMID: 21936813 DOI: 10.1042/bst0391348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systems biology is considered to be the possible technology that could bring breakthroughs in the study of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine). Proteomics, as one of the major components of systems biology, has been used in the mechanistic study of TCM, providing some interesting results. In the present paper, we review the current application of proteomics in the mechanistic study of TCM. Proteomics technologies and strategies that might be used in the future to improve study of TCM are also discussed.
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Liu C, Li J, Wang L, Wu F, Huang L, Xu Y, Ye J, Xiao B, Meng F, Chen S, Yang M. Analysis of tanshinone IIA induced cellular apoptosis in leukemia cells by genome-wide expression profiling. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:5. [PMID: 22248096 PMCID: PMC3398275 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a diterpene quinone extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a Chinese traditional herb. Although previous studies have reported the anti-tumor effects of Tan IIA on various human cancer cells, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. The current study was undertaken to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tan IIA's apoptotic effects on leukemia cells in vitro. METHODS The cytotoxicity of Tan IIA on different types of leukemia cell lines was evaluated by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5]-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on cells treated without or with Tan IIA at different concentrations for different time periods. Cellular apoptosis progression with and without Tan IIA treatment was analyzed by Annexin V and Caspase 3 assays. Gene expression profiling was used to identify the genes regulated after Tan IIA treatment and those differentially expressed among the five cell lines. Confirmation of these expression regulations was carried out using real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. The antagonizing effect of a PXR inhibitor L-SFN on Tan IIA treatment was tested using Colony Forming Unit Assay. RESULTS Our results revealed that Tan IIA had different cytotoxic activities on five types of leukemia cells, with the highest toxicity on U-937 cells. Tan IIA inhibited the growth of U-937 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Annexin V and Caspase-3 assays showed that Tan IIA induced apoptosis in U-937 cells. Using gene expression profiling, 366 genes were found to be significantly regulated after Tan IIA treatment and differentially expressed among the five cell lines. Among these genes, CCL2 was highly expressed in untreated U-937 cells and down-regulated significantly after Tan IIA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. RT-qPCR analyses validated the expression regulation of 80% of genes. Addition of L-sulforaphane (L-SFN), an inhibitor of Pregnane×receptor (PXR) significantly attenuated Tan IIA's effects using colony forming assays. CONCLUSIONS Tan IIA has significant growth inhibition effects on U-937 cells through the induction of apoptosis. And Tan IIA-induced apoptosis might result from the activation of PXR, which suppresses the activity of NF-κB and lead to the down-regulation of CCL2 expression.
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Ferreira FR, Oliveira AM, Dinarte AR, Pinheiro DG, Greene LJ, Silva WA, Joca SR, Guimarães FS. Changes in hippocampal gene expression by 7-nitroindazole in rats submitted to forced swimming stress. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2012; 11:303-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2011.00757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Pan TL, Wang PW, Chen CC, Fang JY, Sintupisut N. Functional proteomics reveals hepatotoxicity and the molecular mechanisms of different forms of chromium delivered by skin administration. Proteomics 2012; 12:477-89. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Dhiman M, Zago MP, Nunez S, Amoroso A, Rementeria H, Dousset P, Burgos FN, Garg NJ. Cardiac-oxidized antigens are targets of immune recognition by antibodies and potential molecular determinants in chagas disease pathogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e28449. [PMID: 22238578 PMCID: PMC3251564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi elicits reactive oxygen species (ROS) of inflammatory and mitochondrial origin in infected hosts. In this study, we examined ROS-induced oxidative modifications in the heart and determined whether the resultant oxidized cardiac proteins are targets of immune response and of pathological significance in Chagas disease. Heart biopsies from chagasic mice, rats and human patients exhibited, when compared to those from normal controls, a substantial increase in protein 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) adducts. To evaluate whether oxidized proteins gain antigenic properties, heart homogenates or isolated cardiomyocytes were oxidized in vitro and one- or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE)/Western blotting (WB) was performed to investigate the proteomic oxidative changes and recognition of oxidized proteins by sera antibodies in chagasic rodents (mice, rats) and human patients. Human cardiomyocytes exhibited LD(50) sensitivity to 30 µM 4-HNE and 100 µM H(2)O(2) at 6 h and 12 h, respectively. In vitro oxidation with 4-HNE or H(2)O(2) resulted in a substantial increase in 4-HNE- and carbonyl-modified proteins that correlated with increased recognition of cardiac (cardiomyocytes) proteins by sera antibodies of chagasic rodents and human patients. 2D-GE/Western blotting followed by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis to identify cardiac proteins that were oxidized and recognized by human chagasic sera yielded 82 unique proteins. We validated the 2D-GE results by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and WB and demonstrated that oxidation of recombinant titin enhanced its immunogenicity and recognition by sera antibodies from chagasic hosts (rats and humans). Treatment of infected rats with phenyl-α-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN, antioxidant) resulted in normalized immune detection of cardiac proteins associated with control of cardiac pathology and preservation of heart contractile function in chagasic rats. We conclude that ROS-induced, cardiac-oxidized antigens are targets of immune recognition by antibodies and molecular determinants for pathogenesis during Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Tropical Diseases, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria Paola Zago
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Patología Experimental, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - Sonia Nunez
- Hospital Público de Gestión Descentralizada San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Amoroso
- Servicio de Cirugia Cardiovascular, Hospital San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
| | - Hugo Rementeria
- Servicio de Cirugia Cardiovascular, Hospital San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
| | - Pierre Dousset
- Servicio de Cirugia Cardiovascular, Hospital San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
| | | | - Nisha Jain Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Tropical Diseases, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Tropical Diseases, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Pan L, Chai HB, Kinghorn AD. Discovery of new anticancer agents from higher plants. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2012. [PMID: 22202049 DOI: 10.2741/257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Small organic molecules derived from higher plants have been one of the mainstays of cancer chemotherapy for approximately the past half a century. In the present review, selected single chemical entity natural products of plant origin and their semi-synthetic derivatives currently in clinical trials are featured as examples of new cancer chemotherapeutic drug candidates. Several more recently isolated compounds obtained from plants showing promising in vivo biological activity are also discussed in terms of their potential as anticancer agents, with many of these obtained from species that grow in tropical regions. Since extracts of only a relatively small proportion of the ca. 300,000 higher plants on earth have been screened biologically to date, bioactive compounds from plants should play an important role in future anticancer drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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