1
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Su G, Xu M, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Yu Y. Simultaneous and multiplexed phenotyping of circulating exosomes with the orthogonal CRISPR-Cas platform. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5944-5947. [PMID: 38764375 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00497c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous and multiplexed exosome protein profiling via an orthogonal CRISPR-Cas platform was achieved in this work. Aptamers were recruited to translate exosome surface protein information into Cas12a/Cas13a cleavage activity. The established multiplexed platform performed robustly with biological matrixes and could profile exosome proteins in clinical serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Mengting Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Yixing Fifth People's Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu, 214261, China
| | - Yuedong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Yanan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Yanyan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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2
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Lane RE, Korbie D, Khanna KK, Mohamed A, Hill MM, Trau M. Defining the relationship between cellular and extracellular vesicle (EV) content in breast cancer via an integrative multi-omic analysis. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300089. [PMID: 38168906 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Much recent research has been dedicated to exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as circulating disease biomarkers. Underpinning this work is the assumption that the molecular cargo of EVs directly reflects the originating cell. Few attempts have been made, however, to empirically validate this on the -omic level. To this end, we have performed an integrative multi-omic analysis of a panel of breast cancer cell lines and corresponding EVs. Whole transcriptome analysis validated that the cellular transcriptome remained stable when cultured cells are transitioned to low serum or serum-free medium for EV collection. Transcriptomic profiling of the isolated EVs indicated a positive correlation between transcript levels in cells and EVs, including disease-associated transcripts. Analysis of the EV proteome verified that HER2 protein is present in EVs, however neither the estrogen (ER) nor progesterone (PR) receptor proteins are detected regardless of cellular expression. Using multivariate analysis, we derived an EV protein signature to infer cellular patterns of ER and HER2 expression, though the ER protein could not be directly detected. Integrative analyses affirmed that the EV proteome and transcriptome captured key phenotypic hallmarks of the originating cells, supporting the potential of EVs for non-invasive monitoring of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Lane
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Darren Korbie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle M Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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3
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Wang H, Wang R, Shen K, Huang R, Wang Z. Biological Roles and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Breast Cancer: A Brief Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4620. [PMID: 38731840 PMCID: PMC11083446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a global health risk for women and has a high prevalence rate. The drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis of BC affect patient prognosis, thus posing a challenge to scientists. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from various cells; they have a double-layered lipid membrane structure and contain rich biological information. They mediate intercellular communication and have pivotal roles in tumor development, progression, and metastasis and drug resistance. Exosomes are important cell communication mediators in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Exosomes are utilized as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for estimating the treatment efficacy of BC and have the potential to function as tools to enable the targeted delivery of antitumor drugs. This review introduces recent progress in research on how exosomes influence tumor development and the TME. We also present the research progress on the application of exosomes as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and drug delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (H.W.); (R.W.); (K.S.)
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (H.W.); (R.W.); (K.S.)
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4
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Nair S, Razo-Azamar M, Jayabalan N, Dalgaard LT, Palacios-González B, Sørensen A, Kampmann U, Handberg A, Carrion F, Salomon C. Advances in extracellular vesicles as mediators of cell-to-cell communication in pregnancy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 76:86-98. [PMID: 38233286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication mediated by Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) is a novel and emerging area of research, especially during pregnancy, in which placenta derived EVs can facilitate the feto-maternal communication. EVs comprise a heterogeneous group of vesicle sub-populations with diverse physical and biochemical characteristics and originate by specific biogenesis mechanisms. EVs transfer molecular cargo (including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) between cells and are critical mediators of cell communication. There is growing interest among researchers to explore into the molecular cargo of EVs and their functions in a physiological and pathological context. For example, inflammatory mediators such as cytokines are shown to be released in EVs and EVs derived from immune cells play key roles in mediating the immune response as well as immunoregulatory pathways. Pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth are associated with altered levels of circulating EVs, with differential EV cargo and bioactivity in target cells. This implicates the intriguing roles of EVs in reprogramming the maternal physiology during pregnancy. Moreover, the capacity of EVs to carry bioactive molecules makes them a promising tool for biomarker development and targeted therapies in pregnancy complications. This review summarizes the physiological and pathological roles played by EVs in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders and describes the potential of EVs to be translated into clinical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia.
| | - Melissa Razo-Azamar
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN) en el Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), CDMX, 14330, Mexico
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | | | - Berenice Palacios-González
- Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN) en el Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), CDMX, 14330, Mexico
| | - Anne Sørensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Aase Handberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Flavio Carrion
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile.
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5
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Si C, Gao J, Ma X. Engineered exosomes in emerging cell-free therapy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1382398. [PMID: 38595822 PMCID: PMC11003191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1382398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery and use of exosomes ushered in a new era of cell-free therapy. Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles that show great potential in disease treatment. Engineered exosomes. with their improved functions have attracted intense interests of their application in translational medicine research. However, the technology of engineering exosomes still faces many challenges which have been the great limitation for their clinical application. This review summarizes the current status of research on engineered exosomes and the difficulties encountered in recent years, with a view to providing new approaches and ideas for future exosome modification and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianen Gao
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Bryl R, Kulus M, Bryja A, Domagała D, Mozdziak P, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Zabel M, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. Cardiac progenitor cell therapy: mechanisms of action. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:30. [PMID: 38444042 PMCID: PMC10913616 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is an end-stage of many cardiac diseases and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current management of this disease remains suboptimal. The adult mammalian heart was considered a post-mitotic organ. However, several reports suggest that it may possess modest regenerative potential. Adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), the main players in the cardiac regeneration, constitute, as it may seem, a heterogenous group of cells, which remain quiescent in physiological conditions and become activated after an injury, contributing to cardiomyocytes renewal. They can mediate their beneficial effects through direct differentiation into cardiac cells and activation of resident stem cells but majorly do so through paracrine release of factors. CPCs can secrete cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors as well as exosomes, rich in proteins, lipids and non-coding RNAs, such as miRNAs and YRNAs, which contribute to reparation of myocardium by promoting angiogenesis, cardioprotection, cardiomyogenesis, anti-fibrotic activity, and by immune modulation. Preclinical studies assessing cardiac progenitor cells and cardiac progenitor cells-derived exosomes on damaged myocardium show that administration of cardiac progenitor cells-derived exosomes can mimic effects of cell transplantation. Exosomes may become new promising therapeutic strategy for heart regeneration nevertheless there are still several limitations as to their use in the clinic. Key questions regarding their dosage, safety, specificity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and route of administration remain outstanding. There are still gaps in the knowledge on basic biology of exosomes and filling them will bring as closer to translation into clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rut Bryl
- Section of Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Natural Sciences Club, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Artur Bryja
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland
| | - Dominika Domagała
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, 65-046, Poland
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-368, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-368, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland.
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland.
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic.
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7
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Zhou Q, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wuethrich A, Lobb RJ, Trau M. Tracking the EMT-like phenotype switching during targeted therapy in melanoma by analyzing extracellular vesicle phenotypes. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115819. [PMID: 37952322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma continues to be a leading cause of mortality among skin cancers. Despite advancements in targeted therapy, patients frequently develop resistance, leading to disease progression within a year. This resistance may result from the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype switching of melanoma cells. Tracking EMT-related phenotypic changes on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has potential to inform early about response to targeted therapy and melanoma progression. However, the knowledge on protein biomarkers carried by melanoma EVs involved in the EMT-like process remains unexplored. Herein, we present a biosensor integrating surface-enhanced Raman scattering and alternating current electrohydrodynamics-induced nanomixing enhancement, for sensitive detection of EMT-associated biomarkers on EV surfaces during targeted therapy. This biosensor successfully tracks the EMT-like phenotype switching in melanoma cell lines treated with mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (MAPKi). Longitudinal monitoring of patients who receive MAPKi therapy and develop resistance, our biosensor shows its ability to identify the EMT-like phenotype switching on circulating EVs. This ability potentially can be leveraged to predict the development of resistance to targeted therapy, allowing for timely intervention and personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Wang
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Richard J Lobb
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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8
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Zhang Z, Zou Y, Song C, Cao K, Cai K, Chen S, Wu Y, Geng D, Sun G, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Advances in the study of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00402-2. [PMID: 38123019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death worldwide for many years. In recent years, exosomes have gained extensive attention in the cardiovascular system due to their excellent biocompatibility. Studies have extensively researched miRNAs in exosomes and found that they play critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the cardiovascular system. These processes include promoting or inhibiting inflammatory responses, promoting angiogenesis, participating in cell proliferation and migration, and promoting pathological progression such as fibrosis. AIM OF REVIEW This systematic review examines the role of exosomes in various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure and cardiomyopathy. It also presents the latest treatment and prevention methods utilizing exosomes. The study aims to provide new insights and approaches for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases by exploring the relationship between exosomes and these conditions. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the potential clinical use of exosomes as biomarkers for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles surrounded by lipid bilayers that are secreted by most cells in the body. They are heterogeneous, varying in size and composition, with a diameter typically ranging from 40 to 160 nm. Exosomes serve as a means of information communication between cells, carrying various biologically active substances, including lipids, proteins, and small RNAs such as miRNAs and lncRNAs. As a result, they participate in both physiological and pathological processes within the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danxi Geng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine, China Medical University, National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Mavroudis I, Balmus IM, Ciobica A, Nicoara MN, Luca AC, Palade DO. The Role of Microglial Exosomes and miR-124-3p in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Repair after Traumatic Brain Injury. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1924. [PMID: 37763327 PMCID: PMC10532687 DOI: 10.3390/life13091924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In this study, we aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of miR-124-3p microglial exosomes, as they were previously reported to modulate neuroinflammation and promote neuronal repair following traumatic brain injury (TBI). (2) Methods: Studies investigating the impact of microglial exosomal miRNAs, specifically miR-124-3p, on injured neurons and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) in the context of TBI were reviewed. (3) Results: Animal models of TBI, in vitro cell culture experiments, RNA sequencing analysis, and functional assays were employed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of miR-124-3p-loaded exosomes on neuroinflammation and neuronal repair. Anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of microglia, mTOR signaling suppression, and BMVECs-mediated autophagy were reported as the main processes contributing to neuroprotection, reduced blood-brain barrier leakage, and improved neurologic outcomes in animal models of TBI. (4) Conclusions: Microglial exosomes, particularly those carrying miR-124-3p, have emerged as promising candidates for therapeutic interventions in TBI. These exosomes exhibit neuroprotective effects, attenuate neuroinflammation, and promote neuronal repair and plasticity. However, further research is required to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize their delivery strategies for effective treatment in human TBI cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mavroudis
- Department of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Faculty of Medicine, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Str. Alexandru Lapusneanu, no. 26, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Bd. Carol I, no. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Str. Splaiul Independentei no. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mircea Nicusor Nicoara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Costina Luca
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Universitatii no. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragos Octavian Palade
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Universitatii no. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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10
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Wang M, Zheng L, Ma S, Lin R, Li J, Yang S. Biogenesis and function of exosome lncRNAs and their role in female pathological pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1191721. [PMID: 37745705 PMCID: PMC10515720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1191721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and recurrent spontaneous abortion are common maternal pregnancy complications that seriously endanger women's lives and health, and their occurrence is increasing year after year with a rejuvenation trend. In contrast to biomarkers found freely in tissues or body fluids, exosomes exist in a relatively independent environment and provide a higher level of stability. As backbone molecules, guidance molecules, and signaling molecules in the nucleus, lncRNAs can regulate gene expression. In the cytoplasm, lncRNAs can influence gene expression levels by modifying mRNA stability, acting as competitive endogenous RNAs to bind miRNAs, and so on. Exosomal lncRNAs can exist indefinitely and are important in intercellular communication and signal transduction. Changes in maternal serum exosome lncRNA expression can accurately and timely reflect the progression and regression of pregnancy-related diseases. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for clinical research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment methods of pregnancy-related diseases by reviewing the role of exosome lncRNAs in female pathological pregnancy and related molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixin Lin
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuli Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yap JYY, Goh LSH, Lim AJW, Chong SS, Lim LJ, Lee CG. Machine Learning Identifies a Signature of Nine Exosomal RNAs That Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3749. [PMID: 37509410 PMCID: PMC10377993 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although alpha fetoprotein (AFP) remains a commonly used serological marker of HCC, the sensitivity and specificity of AFP in detecting HCC is often limited. Exosomal RNA has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for various cancers, but its use in HCC detection has yet to be fully explored. Here, we employed Machine Learning on 114,602 exosomal RNAs to identify a signature that can predict HCC. The exosomal expression data of 118 HCC patients and 112 healthy individuals were stratified split into Training, Validation and Unseen Test datasets. Feature selection was then performed on the initial training dataset using permutation importance, and the predictive performance of the selected features were tested on the validation dataset using Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier. A minimum of nine features were identified to be predictive of HCC and these nine features were then evaluated across six different models in an unseen test set. These features, mainly in the immune, platelet/neutrophil and cytoskeletal pathways, exhibited good predictive performance with ROC-AUC from 0.79-0.88 in the unseen test set. Hence, these nine exosomal RNAs have potential to be clinically useful minimally invasive biomarkers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Yu Yan Yap
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Laura Shih Hui Goh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Ashley Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Samuel S Chong
- Department of Paediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Lee Jin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Caroline G Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 168583, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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12
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Liu M, Lan Y, Qin Y, Gao Y, Deng Y, Li N, Zhang C, Ma H. Interaction between astrocytes and neurons in simulated space radiation-induced CNS injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1830-1840. [PMID: 37436484 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2232004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Astronauts exhibit neurological dysfunction during long-duration spaceflight, and the specific mechanisms may be closely related to the cumulative effects of these neurological injuries in the space radiation environment. Here, we investigated the interaction between astrocytes and neuronal cells exposed to simulated space radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS we selected human astrocytes (U87 MG) and neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) to establish an experimental model to explore the interaction between astrocytes and neuronal cells in the CNS under simulated space radiation environment and the role of exosomes in the interactions. RESULTS We found that γ-ray caused oxidative and inflammatory damage in human U87 MG and SH-SY5Y. The results of the conditioned medium transfer experiments showed that astrocytes exhibited a protective effect on neuronal cells, and neuronal cells influenced the activation of astrocytes in oxidative and inflammatory injury of CNS. We demonstrated that the number and size distribution of exosomes derived from U87 MG and SH-SY5Y cells were changed in response to H2O2, TNF-α or γ-ray treatment. Furthermore, we found that exosome derived from treated nerve cells influenced the cell viability and gene expression of untreated nerve cells, and the effect of exosomes was partly consistent with that of the conditioned medium. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that astrocytes showed a protective effect on neuronal cells, and neuronal cells influenced the activation of astrocytes in oxidative and inflammatory damage of CNS induced by simulated space radiation. Exosomes played an essential role in the interaction between astrocytes and neuronal cells exposed to simulated space radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjin Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Qin
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Nuomin Li
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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13
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Agborbesong E, Bissler J, Li X. Liquid Biopsy at the Frontier of Kidney Diseases: Application of Exosomes in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1367. [PMID: 37510273 PMCID: PMC10379367 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the era of precision medicine, liquid biopsy techniques, especially the use of urine analysis, represent a paradigm shift in the identification of biomarkers, with considerable implications for clinical practice in the field of nephrology. In kidney diseases, the use of this non-invasive tool to identify specific and sensitive biomarkers other than plasma creatinine and the glomerular filtration rate is becoming crucial for the diagnosis and assessment of a patient's condition. In recent years, studies have drawn attention to the importance of exosomes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in kidney diseases. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles with a lipid bilayer structure, composed of a variety of biologically active substances. In the context of kidney diseases, studies have demonstrated that exosomes are valuable carriers of information and are delivery vectors, rendering them appealing candidates as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles with beneficial therapeutic outcomes for kidney diseases. This review summarizes the applications of exosomes in kidney diseases, emphasizing the current biomarkers of renal diseases identified from urinary exosomes and the therapeutic applications of exosomes with reference to drug delivery and immunomodulation. Finally, we discuss the challenges encountered when using exosomes for therapeutic purposes and how these may affect its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewud Agborbesong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John Bissler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Pediatric Medicine Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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14
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Wang M, Zheng L, Lin R, Ma S, Li J, Yang S. A comprehensive overview of exosome lncRNAs: emerging biomarkers and potential therapeutics in endometriosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1199569. [PMID: 37455911 PMCID: PMC10338222 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1199569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynecological condition that significantly impacting women's daily lives. In recent years, the incidence of endometriosis has been rising yearly and is now an essential contributor to female infertility. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and shield lncRNA from the outside environment thanks to their vesicle-like structure. The role of exosome-derived lncRNAs in endometriosis is also receiving more study as high-throughput sequencing technology develops. Several lncRNAs with variable expression may be crucial to the emergence and growth of endometriosis. The early diagnosis of endometriosis will be considerably improved by further high specificity and sensitivity Exosome lncRNA screening. Exosomes assist lncRNAs in carrying out their roles, offering a new target for creating endometriosis-specific medications. In order to serve as a reference for clinical research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment options of endometriosis, this paper covers the role of exosome lncRNAs in endometriosis and related molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixin Lin
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuli Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Vanbilloen WJF, Rechberger JS, Anderson JB, Nonnenbroich LF, Zhang L, Daniels DJ. Nanoparticle Strategies to Improve the Delivery of Anticancer Drugs across the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Brain Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1804. [PMID: 37513992 PMCID: PMC10383584 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a diverse group of neoplasms that occur within the brain and spinal cord. Although significant advances in our understanding of the intricate biological underpinnings of CNS neoplasm tumorigenesis and progression have been made, the translation of these discoveries into effective therapies has been stymied by the unique challenges presented by these tumors' exquisitely sensitive location and the body's own defense mechanisms (e.g., the brain-CSF barrier and blood-brain barrier), which normally protect the CNS from toxic insult. These barriers effectively prevent the delivery of therapeutics to the site of disease. To overcome these obstacles, new methods for therapeutic delivery are being developed, with one such approach being the utilization of nanoparticles. Here, we will cover the current state of the field with a particular focus on the challenges posed by the BBB, the different nanoparticle classes which are under development for targeted CNS tumor therapeutics delivery, and strategies which have been developed to bypass the BBB and enable effective therapeutics delivery to the site of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter J. F. Vanbilloen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, 5022 GC Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Julian S. Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jacob B. Anderson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Leo F. Nonnenbroich
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
| | - David J. Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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16
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Graham R, Gazinska P, Zhang B, Khiabany A, Sinha S, Alaguthurai T, Flores-Borja F, Vicencio J, Beuron F, Roxanis I, Matkowski R, Liam-Or R, Tutt A, Ng T, Al-Jamal KT, Zhou Y, Irshad S. Serum-derived extracellular vesicles from breast cancer patients contribute to differential regulation of T-cell-mediated immune-escape mechanisms in breast cancer subtypes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1204224. [PMID: 37441083 PMCID: PMC10335744 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1204224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intracellular communication within the tumour is complex and extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as major contributing factors for the cell-to-cell communication in the local and distant tumour environments. Here, we examine the differential effects of breast cancer (BC) subtype-specific patient serum and cell-line derived EVs in the regulation of T cell mediated immune responses. Methods Ultracentrifugation was used to isolate EVs from sera of 63 BC patients, 15 healthy volunteers and 4 human breast cancer cell lines. Longitudinal blood draws for EV isolation for patients on neoadjuvant chemotherapy was also performed. Characterization of EVs was performed by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunoblotting. CD63 staining was performed on a tissue microarray of 218 BC patients. In-house bioinformatics algorithms were utilized for the computation of EV associated expression scores within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and correlated with tumour infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) scores. In vitro stimulation of PBMCs with EVs from serum and cell-line derived EVs was performed and changes in the immune phenotypes characterized by flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles were assessed using a 105-plex immunoassay or IL10 ELISA. Results Patients with triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) exhibited the lowest number of EVs in the sera; whilst the highest was detected in ER+HER2+ cancers; reflected also in the higher level of CD63+ vesicles found within the ER+HER2+ local tumour microenvironment. Transcriptomic analysis of the TCGA data identified that samples assigned with lower EV scores had significantly higher abundance of CD4+ memory activated T cells, T follicular cells and CD8 T cells, plasma, and memory B cells; whilst samples with high EV scores were more enriched for anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and mast cells. A negative correlation between EV expression scores and stromal TIL counts was also observed. In vitro experiments confirmed that circulating EVs within breast cancer subtypes have functionally differing immunomodulatory capabilities, with EVs from patients with the most aggressive breast cancer subtype (TNBCs) demonstrating the most immune-suppressive phenotype (decreased CD3+HLA-DR+ but increased CD3+PD-L1 T cells, increased CD4+CD127-CD25hi T regulatory cells with associated increase in IL10 cytokine production). In depth assessment of the cytokine modulation triggered by the serum/cell line derived exosomes confirmed differential inflammatory cytokine profiles across differing breast cancer subtypes. Studies using the MDA-231 TNBC breast cancer cell-line derived EVs provided further support that TNBC EVs induced the most immunosuppressive response within PBMCs. Discussion Our study supports further investigations into how tumour derived EVs are a mechanism that cancers can exploit to promote immune suppression; and breast cancer subtypes produce EVs with differing immunomodulatory capabilities. Understanding the intracellular/extracellular pathways implicated in alteration from active to suppressed immune state may provide a promising way forward for restoring immune competence in specific breast cancer patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind Graham
- Breast Immunology Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Biobank Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network – PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Birong Zhang
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Atousa Khiabany
- Breast Immunology Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shubhankar Sinha
- Breast Immunology Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thanussuyah Alaguthurai
- Breast Immunology Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabian Flores-Borja
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Vicencio
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabienne Beuron
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Roxanis
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Breast Unit, Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmunology and Hematology Center, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Revadee Liam-Or
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Ng
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Khuloud T. Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sheeba Irshad
- Breast Immunology Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Oncology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Zhang Y, Dou Y, Liu Y, Di M, Bian H, Sun X, Yang Q. Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3285-3307. [PMID: 37346366 PMCID: PMC10281276 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s409588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale bilayer phospholipid membrane vesicles released by cells. Contained large molecules such as nucleic acid, protein, and lipid, EVs are an integral part of cell communication. The contents of EVs vary based on the cell source and play an important role in both pathological and physiological conditions. EVs can be used as drugs or targets in disease treatment, and changes in the contents of EVs can indicate the progression of diseases. In recent years, with the continuous exploration of the structure, characteristics, and functions of EVs, the potential of engineered EVs for drug delivery and therapy being constantly explored. This review provides a brief overview of the structure, characteristics and functions of EVs, summarizes the advanced application of EVs and outlook on the prospect of it. It is our hope that this review will increase understanding of the current development of medical applications of EVs and help us overcome future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Dou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Di
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanming Bian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Jing S, Li H, Xu H. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Therapy in Diabetic Wound Repair. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2707-2720. [PMID: 37250470 PMCID: PMC10216860 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s411562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, refractory diabetic wounds cause a worldwide medical burden. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) show promise as a solid alternative to existing therapeutics in the latest researches, since MSC-Exos share similar biologic activity but less immunogenicity when compared with MSCs. To facilitate further understanding and application, it is essential to summarize the current progress and limitations of MSC-Exos in the treatment of diabetic wounds. In this review, we introduce the effects of different MSC-Exos on diabetic wounds according to their origins and contents and discuss the specific experimental conditions, target wound cells/pathways, and specific mechanisms. In addition, this paper focuses on the combination of MSC-Exos and biomaterials, which improves the efficacy and utilization of MSC-Exos therapy. Together, exosome therapy has high clinical value and application prospects, both in its role and in combination with biomaterials, while novel drugs or molecules loaded into exosomes as carriers targeting wound cells will be development trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Wu Z, Fang ZX, Hou YY, Wu BX, Deng Y, Wu HT, Liu J. Exosomes in metastasis of colorectal cancers: Friends or foes? World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:731-756. [PMID: 37275444 PMCID: PMC10237026 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i5.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common type of cancer worldwide, threaten human health and quality of life. With multidisciplinary, including surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, patients with an early diagnosis of CRC can have a good prognosis. However, metastasis in CRC patients is the main risk factor causing cancer-related death. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC metastasis is the difficult and research focus on the investigation of the CRC mechanism. On the other hand, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been confirmed as having an essential role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of malignancies, including CRCs. Among the different factors in the TME, exosomes as extracellular vesicles, function as bridges in the communication between cancer cells and different components of the TME to promote the progression and metastasis of CRC. MicroRNAs packaged in exosomes can be derived from different sources and transported into the TME to perform oncogenic or tumor-suppressor roles accordingly. This article focuses on CRC exosomes and illustrates their role in regulating the metastasis of CRC, especially through the packaging of miRNAs, to evoke exosomes as novel biomarkers for their impact on the metastasis of CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Yu Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bing-Xuan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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20
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González-Callejo P, Gener P, Díaz-Riascos ZV, Conti S, Cámara-Sánchez P, Riera R, Mancilla S, García-Gabilondo M, Peg V, Arango D, Rosell A, Labernadie A, Trepat X, Albertazzi L, Schwartz S, Seras-Franzoso J, Abasolo I. Extracellular vesicles secreted by triple-negative breast cancer stem cells trigger premetastatic niche remodeling and metastatic growth in the lungs. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:2153-2165. [PMID: 36705298 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potent intercellular signaling platforms. They are responsible for the accommodation of the premetastatic niche (PMN) to support cancer cell engraftment and metastatic growth. However, complex cancer cell composition within the tumor increases also the heterogeneity among cancer secreted EVs subsets, a functional diversity that has been poorly explored. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in highly plastic and heterogenous triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), in which a significant representation of malignant cancer stem cells (CSCs) is displayed. Herein, we selectively isolated and characterized EVs from CSC or differentiated cancer cells (DCC; EVsCSC and EVsDCC , respectively) from the MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line. Our results showed that EVsCSC and EVsDCC contain distinct bioactive cargos and therefore elicit a differential effect on stromal cells in the TME. Specifically, EVsDCC activated secretory cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), triggering IL-6/IL-8 signaling and sustaining CSC phenotype maintenance. Complementarily, EVsCSC promoted the activation of α-SMA+ myofibroblastic CAFs subpopulations and increased the endothelial remodeling, enhancing the invasive potential of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, solely the EVsCSC mediated signaling prompted the transformation of healthy lungs into receptive niches able to support metastatic growth of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia González-Callejo
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Petra Gener
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zamira V Díaz-Riascos
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sefora Conti
- Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Cámara-Sánchez
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Riera
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Mancilla
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Gabilondo
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Peg
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Arango
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract Tumors, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Labernadie
- Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Simó Schwartz
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Seras-Franzoso
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ibane Abasolo
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), Vall d‧Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Huang X, Li Y, Liao H, Luo X, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Xiang Q. Research Advances on Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promoting the Reconstruction of Alveolar Bone through RANKL/RANK/OPG Pathway. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040193. [PMID: 37103283 PMCID: PMC10145790 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bone tissue defects and bone shortages are the most familiar and troublesome clinical problems in the oral cavity. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have biological properties similar to their sources, and they could be a promising acellular therapy to assist with periodontal osteogenesis. In the course of alveolar bone remodeling, the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway is an important pathway involved in bone metabolism. This article summarizes the experimental studies of SC-EVs applied for the therapy of periodontal osteogenesis recently and explores the role of the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in their mechanism of action. Their unique patterns will open a new field of vision for people, and they will help to advance a possible future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuxiao Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yueping Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiying Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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22
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Dwivedi M, Ghosh D, Saha A, Hasan S, Jindal D, Yadav H, Yadava A, Dwivedi M. Biochemistry of exosomes and their theranostic potential in human diseases. Life Sci 2023; 315:121369. [PMID: 36639052 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are classified as special extracellular vesicles in the eukaryotic system having diameters ranging from 30 to 120 nm. These vesicles carry various endogenous molecules including DNA, mRNA, microRNA, circular RNA, and proteins, crucial for numerous metabolic reactions and can be proposed as therapeutic or diagnostic targets for several disorders. The donor exosomes release their content to recipient cells and further establish the significant intercellular communication showing biological effects by triggering environmental alterations. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal and dendritic cells have demonstrated their therapeutic potential against organ injury. Yet, various intricacies are involved in exosomal transport and its inclusion in cancer and other disease pathogenesis needs to be explored. The exosomes represent profound potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic carriers in various pathophysiological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, chronic cancers, infectious diseases, female reproductive diseases and cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we demonstrate the advancements in the implication of exosomes as one of the irrefutable prognostic biological targets in human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India.
| | - Diya Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Divya Jindal
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Hitendra Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Anuradha Yadava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Medha Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
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23
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Closa D. Pancreatic cancer, stroma, and exosomes. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:205-211. [PMID: 35644825 PMCID: PMC9905168 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, tumor stroma plays a key role in both aggressiveness, immune evasion, resistance to chemotherapy, and the ability to metastasize. Among the elements that characterize the behavior of the stroma, extracellular vesicles and, in particular, exosomes play an important role. These extracellular vesicles carry a wide range of bioactive molecules, from transcription factors to microRNAs, which can substantially alter the phenotype of the cellular components of the stroma. Exosomes are involved in the exchange of signals between tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and also with the healthy cells surrounding the tumor. They can transfer resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, modify the phenotype of macrophages, or induce the expression of molecules that alter the extracellular matrix to facilitate migration and metastasis. On the other hand, all these characteristics make these vesicles first-rate therapeutic targets, as controlling their functionality could greatly enhance the effectiveness of treatments that, today, are still far from be satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Closa
- Dept. Experimental Pathology, IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Lobb RJ, Visan KS, Wu LY, Norris EL, Hastie ML, Everitt S, Yang IA, Bowman RV, Siva S, Larsen JE, Gorman JJ, MacManus M, Leimgruber A, Fong KM, Möller A. An epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced extracellular vesicle prognostic signature in non-small cell lung cancer. Commun Biol 2023; 6:68. [PMID: 36653467 PMCID: PMC9849257 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide1. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have a very poor overall five-year survival rate of only 10-20%. Currently, TNM staging is the gold standard for predicting overall survival and selecting optimal initial treatment options for NSCLC patients, including those with curable stages of disease. However, many patients with locoregionally-confined NSCLC relapse and die despite curative-intent interventions, indicating a need for intensified, individualised therapies. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the phenotypic depolarisation of epithelial cells to elongated, mesenchymal cells, is associated with metastatic and treatment-refractive cancer. We demonstrate here that EMT-induced protein changes in small extracellular vesicles are detectable in NSCLC patients and have prognostic significance. Overall, this work describes a novel prognostic biomarker signature that identifies potentially-curable NSCLC patients at risk of developing metastatic NSCLC, thereby enabling implementation of personalised treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lobb
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kekoolani S. Visan
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Present Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Ying Wu
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia ,grid.1024.70000000089150953School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Emma L. Norris
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Protein Discovery Centre, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Marcus L. Hastie
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Protein Discovery Centre, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Sarah Everitt
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Ian A. Yang
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.415184.d0000 0004 0614 0266The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4032 Australia
| | - Rayleen V. Bowman
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.415184.d0000 0004 0614 0266The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4032 Australia
| | - Shankar Siva
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Jill E. Larsen
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Oncogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Jeffrey J. Gorman
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Protein Discovery Centre, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Michael MacManus
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | | | - Kwun M. Fong
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.415184.d0000 0004 0614 0266The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4032 Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- grid.1049.c0000 0001 2294 1395Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1024.70000000089150953School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Present Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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25
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Heck KA, Lindholm HT, Niederdorfer B, Tsirvouli E, Kuiper M, Flobak Å, Lægreid A, Thommesen L. Characterisation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines through Proteomic Profiling of Their Extracellular Vesicles. Proteomes 2023; 11:proteomes11010003. [PMID: 36648961 PMCID: PMC9844407 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers, driven by several factors including deregulations in intracellular signalling pathways. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized protein-packaged particles released from cells, which are present in liquid biopsies. Here, we characterised the proteome landscape of sEVs and their cells of origin in three CRC cell lines HCT116, HT29 and SW620 to explore molecular traits that could be exploited as cancer biomarker candidates and how intracellular signalling can be assessed by sEV analysis instead of directly obtaining the cell of origin itself. Our findings revealed that sEV cargo clearly reflects its cell of origin with proteins of the PI3K-AKT pathway highly represented in sEVs. Proteins known to be involved in CRC were detected in both cells and sEVs including KRAS, ARAF, mTOR, PDPK1 and MAPK1, while TGFB1 and TGFBR2, known to be key players in epithelial cancer carcinogenesis, were found to be enriched in sEVs. Furthermore, the phosphopeptide-enriched profiling of cell lysates demonstrated a distinct pattern between cell lines and highlighted potential phosphoproteomic targets to be investigated in sEVs. The total proteomic and phosphoproteomics profiles described in the current work can serve as a source to identify candidates for cancer biomarkers that can potentially be assessed from liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Heck
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard T. Lindholm
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Barbara Niederdorfer
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirini Tsirvouli
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Kuiper
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åsmund Flobak
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St. Olav’s University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Lægreid
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Liv Thommesen
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence:
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26
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Visan KS, Wu LY, Voss S, Wuethrich A, Möller A. Status quo of Extracellular Vesicle isolation and detection methods for clinical utility. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:157-171. [PMID: 36581020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles that hold tremendous potential in the clinical space, as their biomolecular profiles hold a key to non-invasive liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. EVs are present in most bodily fluids, hence are easily obtainable from patients, advantageous to that of traditional, invasive tissue biopsies and imaging techniques. However, there are certain constraints that hinder clinical use of EVs. The translation of EV biomarkers from "bench-to-bedside" is encumbered by the methods of EV isolation and subsequent biomarker detection currently implemented in laboratories. Although current isolation and detection methods are effective, they lack practicality, with their requirement for high bodily fluid volumes, low equipment availability, slow turnaround times and high costs. The high demand for techniques that overcome these limitations has resulted in significant advancements in nanotechnological devices. These devices are designed to integrate EV isolation and biomarker detection into a one-step method of direct EV detection from bodily fluids. This provides promise for the acceleration of EVs into current clinical standards. This review highlights the importance of EVs as cancer biomarkers, the methodological obstacles currently faced in clinical studies and how novel nanodevices could advance clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekoolani S Visan
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Ying Wu
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Sarah Voss
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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27
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Deng Y, Liu X, Ye J, Li Q, Luo Y, Lin Y, Liang R, Wei J, Zhang J, Li Y. Cancer Therapy Empowered by Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Targeted Delivery. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1353-1364. [PMID: 37779037 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a class of nanoparticles that mediate signaling molecules delivery between donor and recipient cells. Heterogeneity in the content of EVs and their membrane surface proteins determines their unique targetability. Their low immunogenicity, capability to cross various biological barriers, and superior biocompatibility enable engineering-modified EVs to be ideal drug delivery carriers. In addition, the engineered EVs that emerge in recent years have become a powerful tool for cancer treatment through the selective delivery of bioactive molecules to therapeutic targets, such as tumor cells and stroma. Our review focuses on the various types of EV modifications and their promoting therapeutic capabilities, which provide an innovative means for cancer precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Yujuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Yayan Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Jiaxiang Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Qiuyun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Jiazhang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
- Institute of Oncology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
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28
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Hao H, Dai C, Han X, Li Y. A novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating atrial remodeling by targeting exosomal miRNAs in atrial fibrillation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119365. [PMID: 36167158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent cardiac arrhythmias, and atrial remodeling is related to the progression of AF. Although several therapeutic approaches have been presented in recent years, the continuously increasing mortality rate suggests that more advanced strategies for treatment are urgently needed. Exosomes regulate pathological processes through intercellular communication mediated by microribonucleic acid (miRNA) in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exosomal miRNAs associated with signaling pathways have added more complexity to an already complex direct cell-to-cell interaction. Exosome delivery of miRNAs is involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiac protection. Recent studies have found that exosomes play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis. By improving exosome stability and modifying surface epitopes, specific pharmaceutical agents can be supplied to improve tropism and targeting to cells and tissues in vivo. Exosomes harboring miRNAs may have clinical utility in cell-free therapeutic approaches and may serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for AF. Currently, limitations challenge pharmaceutic design, therapeutic utility and in vivo targeted delivery to patients. The aim of this article is to review the developmental features of AF associated with exosomal miRNAs and relate them to underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Hao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Translation, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder & Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin 150081, China; Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, China.
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29
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Tang Q, Xiao X, Li R, He H, Li S, Ma C. Recent Advances in Detection for Breast-Cancer-Derived Exosomes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196673. [PMID: 36235208 PMCID: PMC9571663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, its incidence is secret, and more than half of the patients are diagnosed in the middle and advanced stages, so it is necessary to develop simple and efficient detection methods for breast cancer diagnosis to improve the survival rate and quality of life of breast cancer patients. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by all kinds of living cells, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer and the formation of the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes, as biomarkers, are an important part of breast cancer fluid biopsy and have become ideal targets for the early diagnosis, curative effect evaluation, and clinical treatment of breast cancer. In this paper, several traditional exosome detection methods, including differential centrifugation and immunoaffinity capture, were summarized, focusing on the latest research progress in breast cancer exosome detection. It was summarized from the aspects of optics, electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence and other aspects. This review is expected to provide valuable guidance for exosome detection of clinical breast cancer and the establishment of more reliable, efficient, simple and innovative methods for exosome detection of breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xinying Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ranhao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shanni Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Changbei Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (C.M.)
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30
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Jin Y, Xing J, Xu K, Liu D, Zhuo Y. Exosomes in the tumor microenvironment: Promoting cancer progression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1025218. [PMID: 36275738 PMCID: PMC9584056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles produced by endosomes, are important performers of intercellular communication functions. For more than three decades, there has been a growing awareness of exosomes as the contents of the tumor microenvironment and their intimate connection to the development of cancer. The composition, generation, and uptake of exosomes as well as their roles in tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression are discussed in this paper. In order to stop the progression of cancer, it is crucial to find new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease. Knowing the biological characteristics of exosomes and their functions in tumor development helps in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jianming Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kejin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxi Bustion and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Da Liu, ; Yue Zhuo,
| | - Yue Zhuo
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxi Bustion and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Da Liu, ; Yue Zhuo,
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31
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Zhou Y, Xiao Z, Zhu W. The roles of small extracellular vesicles as prognostic biomarkers and treatment approaches in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:998964. [PMID: 36212432 PMCID: PMC9537600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.998964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive and invasive breast cancer subtype and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Treatment approaches for TNBC remain limited partly due to the lack of expression of well-known molecular targets. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carrying a variety of bioactive contents play an important role in intercellular communications. The biomolecules including nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites can be transferred locally or systematically to recipient cells and regulate their biological states and are involved in physiological and pathological processes. Recently, despite the extensive attraction to the physiological functions of sEVs, few studies focus on the roles of sEVs in TNBC. In this review, we will summarize the involvement of sEVs in the tumor microenvironment of TNBC. Moreover, we will discuss the potential roles of sEVs as diagnostic markers and treatment therapy in this heterogeneous breast cancer subtype. We finally summarize the clinical application of sEVs in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yueyuan Zhou,
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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32
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Liu Z, Li T, Wang Z, Liu J, Huang S, Min BH, An JY, Kim KM, Kim S, Chen Y, Liu H, Kim Y, Wong DT, Huang TJ, Xie YH. Gold Nanopyramid Arrays for Non-Invasive Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Gastric Cancer Detection via sEVs. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:12506-12517. [PMID: 36185166 PMCID: PMC9513748 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and lethal types of cancer affecting over one million people, leading to 768,793 deaths globally in 2020 alone. The key for improving the survival rate lies in reliable screening and early diagnosis. Existing techniques including barium-meal gastric photofluorography and upper endoscopy can be costly and time-consuming and are thus impractical for population screening. We look instead for small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, currently also referred as exosomes) sized ⌀ 30-150 nm as a candidate. sEVs have attracted a significantly higher level of attention during the past decade or two because of their potentials in disease diagnoses and therapeutics. Here, we report that the composition information of the collective Raman-active bonds inside sEVs of human donors obtained by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) holds the potential for non-invasive GC detection. SERS was triggered by the substrate of gold nanopyramid arrays we developed previously. A machine learning-based spectral feature analysis algorithm was developed for objectively distinguishing the cancer-derived sEVs from those of the non-cancer sub-population. sEVs from the tissue, blood, and saliva of GC patients and non-GC participants were collected (n = 15 each) and analyzed. The algorithm prediction accuracies were reportedly 90, 85, and 72%. "Leave-a-pair-of-samples out" validation was further performed to test the clinical potential. The area under the curve of each receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.96, 0.91, and 0.65 in tissue, blood, and saliva, respectively. In addition, by comparing the SERS fingerprints of individual vesicles, we provided a possible way of tracing the biogenesis pathways of patient-specific sEVs from tissue to blood to saliva. The methodology involved in this study is expected to be amenable for non-invasive detection of diseases other than GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tieyi Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shan Huang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Byoung Hoon Min
- Department
of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Ji Young An
- Department
of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Kyoung Mee Kim
- Department
of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Sungkyunkwan University School
of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Sung Kim
- Department
of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Huinan Liu
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yong Kim
- UCLA
School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave. Box 951668, Los Angeles, California 90095-1668, United States
| | - David T.W. Wong
- UCLA
School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave. Box 951668, Los Angeles, California 90095-1668, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ya-Hong Xie
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- . Phone: (310) 259-6946
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33
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Visan KS, Lobb RJ, Ham S, Lima LG, Palma C, Edna CPZ, Wu L, Gowda H, Datta KK, Hartel G, Salomon C, Möller A. Comparative analysis of tangential flow filtration and ultracentrifugation, both combined with subsequent size exclusion chromatography, for the isolation of small extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12266. [PMID: 36124834 PMCID: PMC9486818 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) provide major promise for advances in cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics, ascribed to their distinctive cargo reflective of pathophysiological status, active involvement in intercellular communication, as well as their ubiquity and stability in bodily fluids. As a result, the field of sEV research has expanded exponentially. Nevertheless, there is a lack of standardisation in methods for sEV isolation from cells grown in serum-containing media. The majority of researchers use serum-containing media for sEV harvest and employ ultracentrifugation as the primary isolation method. Ultracentrifugation is inefficient as it is devoid of the capacity to isolate high sEV yields without contamination of non-sEV materials or disruption of sEV integrity. We comprehensively evaluated a protocol using tangential flow filtration and size exclusion chromatography to isolate sEVs from a variety of human and murine cancer cell lines, including HeLa, MDA-MB-231, EO771 and B16F10. We directly compared the performance of traditional ultracentrifugation and tangential flow filtration methods, that had undergone further purification by size exclusion chromatography, in their capacity to separate sEVs, and rigorously characterised sEV properties using multiple quantification devices, protein analyses and both image and nano-flow cytometry. Ultracentrifugation and tangential flow filtration both enrich consistent sEV populations, with similar size distributions of particles ranging up to 200 nm. However, tangential flow filtration exceeds ultracentrifugation in isolating significantly higher yields of sEVs, making it more suitable for large-scale research applications. Our results demonstrate that tangential flow filtration is a reliable and robust sEV isolation approach that surpasses ultracentrifugation in yield, reproducibility, time, costs and scalability. These advantages allow for implementation in comprehensive research applications and downstream investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekoolani S. Visan
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Richard J. Lobb
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
- Centre for Personalized NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Sunyoung Ham
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Luize G. Lima
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Carlos Palma
- Exosome Biology LaboratoryFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesCentre for Clinical DiagnosticsUniversity of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Chai Pei Zhi Edna
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Li‐Ying Wu
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD4059Australia
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Cancer Precision Medicine LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Keshava K. Datta
- Cancer Precision Medicine LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
- Proteomics and Metabolomics PlatformLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- Statistics UnitQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology LaboratoryFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesCentre for Clinical DiagnosticsUniversity of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Departamento de InvestigaciónPostgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC)Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad del AlbaSantiagoChile
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
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Al Mannai A, Al-Ansari T, Saoud KM. Quantification of Serum Exosome Biomarkers Using 3D Nanoporous Gold and Spectrophotometry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6347. [PMID: 36080806 PMCID: PMC9460504 DOI: 10.3390/s22176347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes may provide biomarkers for cancer treatment. Using sputtering technology, an affinity-based device to capture exosomes was developed using nanoporous substrate (NPG)-coated silicon microscopy. Immunology-based techniques detect and purify exosomes using gold coating with a specific antigen. Inverted fluorescent microscopy was used to detect target exosomes quantitatively utilizing fluorescent nanospheres as the label. We quantified the expression of CD63 surface protein markers on exosomes from conditioned culture media of breast cancer cells. The exosomes that targeted specific proteins with controls were statistically analyzed and compared to those that targeted non-specific proteins. Results from SEM showed that the exosomes were circular, between 30 and 150 nanometers in size. The porous gold substrates captured more exosomes than the nonporous substrates. Nitric acid treatments at different times resulted in a variety of pore sizes. Despite the increase in the size of the pores, the number of exosomes found in the porous gold substrate treated for 10 min nearly doubled compared to the one treated for 5 min. In this work, a fluorescence biosensor was developed to detect breast cancer exosomes using nanoporous gold substrates (NPG). Assay and model exosomes of specific breast cancer cells showed that exosomes exhibit diagnostic surface protein markers, reflecting the protein profile of their parent cells. Furthermore, the specific binding between the exosome surface antibodies and the targets identified the CD63 biomarkers on the exosome, suggesting these markers' diagnostic potential. This study can accelerate exosome research in determining tumor-related exosomes and develop novel cancer diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amera Al Mannai
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34111, Qatar
| | - Tareq Al-Ansari
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34111, Qatar
| | - Khaled M. Saoud
- Liberal Arts and Science Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Doha P.O. Box 8095, Qatar
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35
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Yang S, Wang J, Wang S, Zhou A, Zhao G, Li P. Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:91. [PMID: 35674180 PMCID: PMC9262158 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy of hepatocytes accounting for 75-85% of primary hepatic carcinoma cases. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), previously known as exosomes with a diameter of 30-200 nm, can transport a variety of biological molecules between cells, and have been proposed to function in physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have indicated that the cargos of sEVs are implicated in intercellular crosstalk among HCC cells, paratumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. sEV-encapsulated substances (including DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids) regulate signal transduction pathways in recipient cells and contribute to cancer initiation and progression in HCC. In addition, the differential expression of sEV cargos between patients facilitates the potential utility of sEVs in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with HCC. Furthermore, the intrinsic properties of low immunogenicity and high stability render sEVs ideal vehicles for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of HCC. The present review article summarizes the carcinogenic and anti-neoplastic capacities of sEVs and discusses the potential and prospective diagnostic and therapeutic applications of sEVs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shidong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Anni Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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36
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Iha K, Tsurusawa N, Tsai HY, Lin MW, Sonoda H, Watabe S, Yoshimura T, Ito E. Ultrasensitive ELISA detection of proteins in separated lumen and membrane fractions of cancer cell exosomes. Anal Biochem 2022; 654:114831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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37
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Paskeh MDA, Entezari M, Mirzaei S, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Naghdi MJ, Sabet S, Khoshbakht MA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Sethi G, Zarrabi A, Kumar AP, Tan SC, Papadakis M, Alexiou A, Islam MA, Mostafavi E, Ashrafizadeh M. Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:83. [PMID: 35765040 PMCID: PMC9238168 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm that can transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This review focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer progression and therapy. We discuss how exosomes are able to modulate components of the tumor microenvironment and influence proliferation and migration rates of cancer cells. We also highlight that, depending on their cargo, exosomes can suppress or promote tumor cell progression and can enhance or reduce cancer cell response to radio- and chemo-therapies. In addition, we describe how exosomes can trigger chronic inflammation and lead to immune evasion and tumor progression by focusing on their ability to transfer non-coding RNAs between cells and modulate other molecular signaling pathways such as PTEN and PI3K/Akt in cancer. Subsequently, we discuss the use of exosomes as carriers of anti-tumor agents and genetic tools to control cancer progression. We then discuss the role of tumor-derived exosomes in carcinogenesis. Finally, we devote a section to the study of exosomes as diagnostic and prognostic tools in clinical courses that is important for the treatment of cancer patients. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of exosomes in cancer therapy, focusing on their therapeutic value in cancer progression and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Naghdi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Sabet
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khoshbakht
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia.,AFNP Med Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
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38
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Li T, Li J, Wang H, Zhao J, Yan M, He H, Yu S. Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:881794. [PMID: 35775082 PMCID: PMC9237451 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.881794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), originating from the mucosal epithelial cells of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, is a lethal malignancy of the head and neck. Patients with advanced and recurrent HNSCC have poor outcomes due to limited therapeutic options. Exosomes have active roles in the pathophysiology of tumors and are suggested as a potential therapeutic target of HNSCC. Exosomes in HNSCC have been intensively studied for disease activity, tumor staging, immunosuppression, and therapeutic monitoring. In this review, the biological mechanisms and the recent clinical application of exosomes are highlighted to reveal the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Mingze Yan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjiang He
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjiang He, ; Shan Yu,
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjiang He, ; Shan Yu,
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39
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Marin AM, Mattar SB, Amatuzzi RF, Chammas R, Uno M, Zanette DL, Aoki MN. Plasma Exosome-Derived microRNAs as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Brazilian Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Biomolecules 2022; 12:769. [PMID: 35740894 PMCID: PMC9221134 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer represents one of the leading causes of oncological death worldwide. A combination of pancreatic cancer aggressiveness and late diagnosis are key factors leading to a low survival rate and treatment inefficiency, and early diagnosis is pursued as a critical factor for pancreatic cancer. In this context, plasma microRNAs are emerging as promising players due to their non-invasive and practical usage in oncological diagnosis and prognosis. Recent studies have showed some miRNAs associated with pancreatic cancer subtypes, or with stages of the disease. Here we demonstrate plasma exosome-derived microRNA expression in pancreatic cancer patients and healthy individuals from Brazilian patients. Using plasma of 65 pancreatic cancer patients and 78 healthy controls, plasma exosomes were isolated and miRNAs miR-27b, miR-125b-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-19b, and miR-205-5p were quantified by RT-qPCR. We found that miR-125b-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-205-5p were statistically overexpressed in the plasma exosomes of pancreatic cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, miR-205-5p was significantly overexpressed in European descendants, in patients with tumor progression and in those who died from the disease, and diagnostic ability by ROC curve was 0.86. Therefore, we demonstrate that these three microRNAs are potential plasma exosome-derived non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of Brazilian pancreatic cancer, demonstrating the importance of different populations and epidemiological bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelis Maria Marin
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Sibelle Botogosque Mattar
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Rafaela Ferreira Amatuzzi
- Laboratory of Expression Regulation, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil;
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
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40
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Message in a Bottle: Endothelial Cell Regulation by Extracellular Vesicles. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081969. [PMID: 35454874 PMCID: PMC9026533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Elucidating the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the communication mechanisms between cancer and endothelial cells (ECs) within the tumor microenvironment is an exciting challenge. At the same time, due to their ability to convey bioactive molecules, EVs may be potentially relevant from a therapeutic perspective for diverse vascular pathologies. Abstract Intercellular communication is a key biological mechanism that is fundamental to maintain tissue homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical regulators of cell–cell communication in both physiological and pathological conditions, due to their ability to shuttle a variety of cell constituents, such as DNA, RNA, lipids, active metabolites, cytosolic, and cell surface proteins. In particular, endothelial cells (ECs) are prominently regulated by EVs released by neighboring cell types. The discovery that cancer cell-derived EVs can control the functions of ECs has prompted the investigation of their roles in tumor angiogenesis and cancer progression. In particular, here, we discuss evidence that supports the roles of exosomes in EC regulation within the tumor microenvironment and in vascular dysfunction leading to atherosclerosis. Moreover, we survey the molecular mechanisms and exosomal cargoes that have been implicated in explanations of these regulatory effects.
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41
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Yang L, Patel KD, Rathnam C, Thangam R, Hou Y, Kang H, Lee KB. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomedical Applications Using Multifunctional Magnetic Nanomaterials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104783. [PMID: 35132796 PMCID: PMC9344859 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes) carrying various biomolecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) have rapidly emerged as promising platforms for many biomedical applications. Despite their enormous potential, their heterogeneity in surfaces and sizes, the high complexity of cargo biomolecules, and the inefficient uptake by recipient cells remain critical barriers for their theranostic applications. To address these critical issues, multifunctional nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanomaterials, with their tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties, may play crucial roles in next-generation extracellular vesicles (EV)-based disease diagnosis, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. As such, one aims to provide cutting-edge knowledge pertaining to magnetic nanomaterials-facilitated isolation, detection, and delivery of extracellular vesicles and their associated biomolecules. By engaging the fields of extracellular vesicles and magnetic nanomaterials, it is envisioned that their properties can be effectively combined for optimal outcomes in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kapil D. Patel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher Rathnam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yannan Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- CORRESPONDENCE: Prof. Heemin Kang, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea, Phone: +82-2-3290-3853, , https://www.dynamicnano.org/; Prof. Ki-Bum Lee, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Tel. +1-848-445-2081; Fax: +1-732-445-5312, , https://kblee.rutgers.edu/
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- CORRESPONDENCE: Prof. Heemin Kang, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea, Phone: +82-2-3290-3853, , https://www.dynamicnano.org/; Prof. Ki-Bum Lee, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Tel. +1-848-445-2081; Fax: +1-732-445-5312, , https://kblee.rutgers.edu/
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Vannini I, Urbini M, Melloni M, Rossi T, Gallerani G, Palleschi M, Azzali I, Puccetti M, Martinelli G, Fabbri F. Case Report: Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles in a Triple Negative Spindle-Cell Metaplastic Breast Cancer Patient. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:827206. [PMID: 35355608 PMCID: PMC8959346 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.827206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare tumor representing 1% of all breast malignancies. The prognosis of this histologic subtype is actually poor and there are no current clear-cut therapeutic guidelines. Hence, despite its uniqueness, its aggressive prognostic profile strongly encourages further studies to identify new markers and therapeutic targets. Herein, we report a case of 32-years-old patient affected with of triple negative spindle-shaped MpBC. The research of molecular targets on the primary tumor did not allow performing an effective therapeutic choice. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are under intense study as new potential pathophysiological markers and targets for therapeutic applications, in different tumors for their role in tumor onset, progression and aggressiveness. Here, we examined the involvement of EVs in this case, to look into the MpBC microenvironment willing to identify new potential molecular targets, pathways of aggressiveness, and markers of prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Firstly, we characterized MpBC patient EV dimensions and surface proteins. Moreover, we analyzed the EV RNA cargo supposed to be delivered to nearby and distant recipient cells. Interestingly, we observed a dysregulation EV-contained miRNAs, which could determine an increased expression of oncogenes in the tumor microenvironment, probably enabling cancer progression. These data suggest that the characterization of miRNA cargo of EVs could be important for the identification of new markers and for the application of future new target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vannini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Milena Urbini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Mattia Melloni
- Laboratory of Biomarkers, Biomolecular Targets and Personalized Medicine in Oncology, Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tania Rossi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giulia Gallerani
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Michela Palleschi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Irene Azzali
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesco Fabbri
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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43
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He D, Zhao Z, Fu B, Li X, Zhao L, Chen Y, Liu L, Liu R, Li J. Exosomes Participate in the Radiotherapy Resistance of Cancers. Radiat Res 2022; 197:559-565. [PMID: 35588472 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00115.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | | | - Bo Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Long Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sich
| | - Jingyi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
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44
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Famta P, Shah S, Khatri DK, Guru SK, Singh SB, Srivastava S. Enigmatic role of exosomes in breast cancer progression and therapy. Life Sci 2022; 289:120210. [PMID: 34875250 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is reported to be the leading cause of mortality in females worldwide. At the beginning of the year 2021, about 7.8 million women were diagnosed with BC in past 5 years. High prevalence and poor neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic efficacy has motivated the scientists around the globe to investigate alternative management strategies. In recent years, there has been an exponential rise in the scientific studies reporting the role of tumor derived exosomes (TDEs) in the BC pathophysiology and management. TDEs play an important role in the intercellular communication and transportation of biomolecules. This manuscript reviews the role of exosomes in the BC pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Role of TDEs in the mechanistic pathways of BC metastasis, immunosuppression, migration, dormancy and chemo-resistance is extensively reviewed. We have also highlighted the epigenetic modulations orchestrated by exosomal miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lnc RNAs) in the BC environment. Liquid biopsies analyzing blood circulating exosomes for early and accurate detection of the BC have been discussed. Characterization of exosomes, strategies to use them in BC chemotherapy, BC immunotherapy and potential challenges that will present themselves in translating exosomes based technologies to market are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Famta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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45
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Wang X, Sun C, Huang X, Li J, Fu Z, Li W, Yin Y. The Advancing Roles of Exosomes in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:731062. [PMID: 34790660 PMCID: PMC8591197 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) develops from breast tissue and is the most common aggressive malignant tumor in women worldwide. Although advanced treatment strategies have been applied and reduced current mortality rates, BC control remains unsatisfactory. It is essential to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms to assist clinical options. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles and mediate cellular communications by delivering various biomolecules (oncogenes, oncomiRs, proteins, and even pharmacological compounds). These bioactive molecules can be transferred to change the transcriptome of target cells and influence tumor-related signaling pathways. Extensive studies have implicated exosomes in BC biology, including therapeutic resistance and the surrounding microenvironment. This review focuses on discussing the functions of exosomes in tumor treatment resistance, invasion and metastasis of BC. Moreover, we will also summarize multiple interactions between exosomes and the BC tumor microenvironment. Finally, we propose promising clinical applications of exosomes in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Maternity and Child Medical Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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46
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Wang J, Wuethrich A, Lobb RJ, Antaw F, Sina AAI, Lane RE, Zhou Q, Zieschank C, Bell C, Bonazzi VF, Aoude LG, Everitt S, Yeo B, Barbour AP, Möller A, Trau M. Characterizing the Heterogeneity of Small Extracellular Vesicle Populations in Multiple Cancer Types via an Ultrasensitive Chip. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3182-3194. [PMID: 34264628 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Identifying small extracellular vesicle (sEV) subpopulations based on their different molecular signatures could potentially reveal the functional roles in physiology and pathology. However, it is a challenge to achieve this aim due to the nano-sized dimensions of sEVs, low quantities of biological cargo each sEV carries, and our incomplete knowledge of identifying features capable of separating heterogeneous sEV subpopulations. Here, a sensitive, multiplexed, and nano-mixing-enhanced sEV subpopulation characterization platform (ESCP) is proposed to precisely determine the sEV phenotypic heterogeneity and understand the role of sEV heterogeneity in cancer progression and metastasis. The ESCP utilizes spatially patterned anti-tetraspanin-functionalized micro-arrays for sEV subpopulation sorting and nanobarcode-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for multiplexed read-outs. An ESCP has been used for investigating sEV phenotypic heterogeneity in terms of canonical sEV tetraspanin molecules and cancer-associated protein biomarkers in both cancer cell line models and cancer patient samples. Our data explicitly demonstrate the selective enrichment of tetraspanins and cancer-associated protein biomarkers, in particular sEV subpopulations. Therefore, it is believed that the ESCP could enable the evaluation and broader application of sEV subpopulations as potential diagnostic disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Richard J. Lobb
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Fiach Antaw
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Abu Ali Ibn Sina
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca E. Lane
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Quan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chloe Zieschank
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Caroline Bell
- School of Cancer Medicine, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Vanessa F. Bonazzi
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Lauren G. Aoude
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Sarah Everitt
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Belinda Yeo
- School of Cancer Medicine, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
- Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Andrew P. Barbour
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Queensland Melanoma Project, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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47
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Cheng S, Li Y, Yan H, Wen Y, Zhou X, Friedman L, Zeng Y. Advances in microfluidic extracellular vesicle analysis for cancer diagnostics. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3219-3243. [PMID: 34352059 PMCID: PMC8387453 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00443c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells into the bloodstream and other bodily fluids, including exosomes, have been demonstrated to be a class of significant messengers that mediate intercellular communications. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles are enriched in a selective set of biomolecules from original cells, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, and thus offer a new perspective of liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Owing to the heterogeneity of their biogenesis, physical properties, and molecular constituents, isolation and molecular characterization of EVs remain highly challenging. Microfluidics provides a disruptive platform for EV isolation and analysis owing to its inherent advantages to promote the development of new molecular and cellular sensing systems with improved sensitivity, specificity, spatial and temporal resolution, and throughput. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art advances in the development of microfluidic principles and devices for EV isolation and biophysical or biochemical characterization, in comparison to the conventional counterparts. We will also survey the progress in adapting the new microfluidic techniques to assess the emerging EV-associated biomarkers, mostly focused on proteins and nucleic acids, for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Lastly, we will discuss the current challenges in the field of EV research and our outlook on future development of enabling microfluidic platforms for EV-based liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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48
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Liu J, Ren L, Li S, Li W, Zheng X, Yang Y, Fu W, Yi J, Wang J, Du G. The biology, function, and applications of exosomes in cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2783-2797. [PMID: 34589397 PMCID: PMC8463268 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles with diameters from 30 to 150 nm, released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with the cell surface. They can transport nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids for intercellular communication and activate signaling pathways in target cells. In cancers, exosomes may participate in growth and metastasis of tumors by regulating the immune response, blocking the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promoting angiogenesis. They are also involved in the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Exosomes in liquid biopsies can be used as non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of cancers. Because of their amphipathic structure, exosomes are natural drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy.
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Key Words
- ABCA3, ATP-binding cassette transporter A3
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- Biomarkers
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CCRCC, clear-cell renal cell carcinoma
- CD-UPRT, cytosine deaminase-uracil phosphoribosyltransferase
- CDH3, cadherin 3
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- DC, dendritic cells
- DEXs, DC-derived exosomes
- DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- DNM3, dynamin 3
- Del-1, developmental endothelial locus-1
- Drug delivery
- Drug resistance
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport
- Exosomes
- GPC1, glypican-1
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HIF1, hypoxia-inducible factor 1
- HTR, hormone therapy-resistant
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ILVs, intraluminal vesicles
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- MIF, migration inhibitory factor
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- MVB, multivesicular body
- NKEXOs, natural killer cell-derived exosomes
- NNs, nanoparticles
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PA, phosphatidic acid
- PCC, pheochromocytoma
- PD-L1, programmed cell death receptor ligand 1
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PGL, paraganglioma
- PI, phosphatidylinositol
- PS, phosphatidylserine
- PTRF, polymerase I and transcript release factor
- RCC, renal cell carcinoma
- SM, sphingomyelin
- SNARE, soluble NSF-attachment protein receptor
- TEX, tumor-derived exosomes
- TSG101, tumor susceptibility gene 101
- Tumor immunity
- Tumor metastasis
- circRNAs, circular RNAs
- dsDNA, double stranded DNA
- hTERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase
- lamp2b, lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2b
- lncRNAs, long non-coding RNAs
- miRNA, microRNA
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
- ncRNA, non-coding RNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liwen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sha Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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49
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Ding L, Yang X, Gao Z, Effah CY, Zhang X, Wu Y, Qu L. A Holistic Review of the State-of-the-Art Microfluidics for Exosome Separation: An Overview of the Current Status, Existing Obstacles, and Future Outlook. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007174. [PMID: 34047052 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, a class of small extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm), are secreted by almost all types of cells into virtually all body fluids. These small vesicles are attracting increasing research attention owing to their potential for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, their inherent heterogeneity and the complexity of bio-fluids pose significant challenges for their isolation. Even the "gold standard," differential centrifugation, suffers from poor yields and is time-consuming. In this context, recent developments in microfluidic technologies have provided an ideal system for exosome extraction and these devices exhibit some fascinating properties such as high speeds, good portability, and low sample volumes. In this review, the focus is on the state-of-the-art microfluidic technologies for exosome isolation and highlight potential directions for future research and development by analyzing the challenges faced by the current strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zibo Gao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Clement Yaw Effah
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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50
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Wang L, Deng Y, Wei J, Huang Y, Wang Z, Li G. Spherical nucleic acids-based cascade signal amplification for highly sensitive detection of exosomes. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 191:113465. [PMID: 34218177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are regarded as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of disease due to their close relationship with the change of physiology and pathology. However, it is still a hard challenge to come up with a highly sensitive method for the exosomes detection. Herein, we propose a spherical nucleic acids (SNAs)-based cascade signal amplification strategy for the exosomes detection with high sensitivity. In this method, SNAs anchoring on exosomes membrane can be extended to form polyT sequence by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), generating a template strand for the Exo III-catalyzed excision of the designed signal probe (probe A), which may finally induce significant decrease of electrochemical signal due to the consumption of probe A. Benefiting from the SNAs-based cascade signal amplification, this fabricated biosensor achieves a limit of detection for exosomes as low as 44 particles/μL. Moreover, this method shows good performance in the differentiation of healthy and malignancy colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, without complicated nucleic acids sequences design, our approach provides a cascade signal amplification strategy for the highly sensitive detection of exosomes and shows the potential applications in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Juan Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, PR China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, PR China.
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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