1
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Giona RM, Vitorazi L, Loh W. Assessing the Contribution of the Neutral Blocks in DNA/Block-Copolymer Polyplexes: Poly(acrylamide) vs. Poly(ethylene Oxide). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010398. [PMID: 36615592 PMCID: PMC9824764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of DNA with different block copolymers, namely poly (trimethylammonium chloride methacryloyoxy)ethyl)-block-poly(acrylamide), i.e., (PTEA)-b-(PAm), and poly (trimethylammonium chloride methacryloyoxy)ethyl)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), i.e., (PTEA)-b-(PEO), was studied. The nature of the cationic block was maintained fixed (PTEA), whereas the neutral blocks contained varying amounts of acrylamide or (ethylene oxide) units. According to results from isothermal titration microcalorimetry measurements, the copolymers interaction with DNA is endothermic with an enthalpy around 4.0 kJ mol−1 of charges for (PTEA)-b-(PAm) and 5.5 kJ mol−1 of charges for (PTEA)-b-(PEO). The hydrodynamic diameters of (PTEA)-b-(PEO)/DNA and (PTEA)-b-(PAm)/DNA polyplexes prepared by titration were around 200 nm at charge ratio (Z+/−) < 1. At Z+/− close and above 1, the (PTEA)50-b-(PAm)50/DNA and (PTEA)50-b-(PAm)200/DNA polyplexes precipitated. Interestingly, (PTEA)50-b-(PAm)1000/DNA polyplexes remained with a size of around 300 nm even after charge neutralization, probably due to the size of the neutral block. Conversely, for (PTEA)96-b-(PEO)100/DNA polyplexes, the size distribution was broad, indicating a more heterogeneous system. Polyplexes were also prepared by direct mixture at Z+/− of 2.0, and they displayed diameters around 120−150 nm, remaining stable for more than 10 days. Direct and reverse titration experiments showed that the order of addition affects both the size and charge of the resulting polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Mello Giona
- LaMaFI—Laboratório de Materiais e Fenômenos de Interface, Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Curitiba 85884-000, Paraná (PR), Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil
| | - Letícia Vitorazi
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil
- Laboratório de Materiais Poliméricos, EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda 27255-125, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil
- Correspondence:
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2
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Weber P, Dzuricky M, Min J, Jenkins I, Chilkoti A. Concentration-Independent Multivalent Targeting of Cancer Cells by Genetically Encoded Core-Crosslinked Elastin/Resilin-like Polypeptide Micelles. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4347-4356. [PMID: 34477380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Valency is a fundamental principle to control macromolecular interactions and is used to target specific cell types by multivalent ligand-receptor interactions using self-assembled nanoparticle carriers. At the concentrations encountered in solid tumors upon systemic administration, these nanoparticles are, however, likely to show critical micelle concentration (CMC)-dependent disassembly and thus loss of function. To overcome this limitation, core-crosslinkable micelles of genetically encoded resilin-/elastin-like diblock polypeptides were recombinantly synthesized. The amphiphilic constructs were covalently photo-crosslinked through the genetically encoded unnatural amino acid para-azidophenylalanine in their hydrophobic block and they carried different anticancer ligands on their hydrophilic block: the wild-type tenth human fibronectin type III domain, a GRGDSPAS peptide-both targeting αvβ3 integrin-and an engineered variant of the third fibronectin type III domain of tenascin C that is a death receptor 5 agonist. Although uncrosslinked micelles lost most of their targeting ability below their CMC, the crosslinked analogues remained active at concentrations up to 1000-fold lower than the CMC, with binding affinities that are comparable to antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Weber
- Tissue Engineering & Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Dzuricky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Junseon Min
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Irene Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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3
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Yuan M, Cui X, Zhu W, Tang H. Development of Environmentally Friendly Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1987. [PMID: 32878287 PMCID: PMC7563397 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most successful techniques for the preparation of well-defined polymers with controllable molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions, specific macromolecular architectures, and precisely designed functionalities. ATRP usually involves transition-metal complex as catalyst. As the most commonly used copper complex catalyst is usually biologically toxic and environmentally unsafe, considerable interest has been focused on iron complex, enzyme, and metal-free catalysts owing to their low toxicity, inexpensive cost, commercial availability and environmental friendliness. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of iron catalyst used in normal, reverse, AGET, ICAR, GAMA, and SARA ATRP, enzyme as well as metal-free catalyst mediated ATRP in the point of view of catalytic activity, initiation efficiency, and polymerization controllability. The principle of ATRP and the development of iron ligand are briefly discussed. The recent development of enzyme-mediated ATRP, the latest research progress on metal-free ATRP, and the application of metal-free ATRP in interdisciplinary areas are highlighted in sections. The prospects and challenges of these three ATRP techniques are also described in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huadong Tang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; (M.Y.); (X.C.); (W.Z.)
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4
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5
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Hsu HJ, Han Y, Cheong M, Král P, Hong S. Dendritic PEG outer shells enhance serum stability of polymeric micelles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1879-1889. [PMID: 29782948 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A higher surface density of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on polymeric micelles enhances their stability in serum, leading to improved plasma circulation. To obtain fundamental, mechanistic understanding of the PEG effect associated with polymeric architecture/configuration, we have synthesized PEGylated dendron-based copolymers (PDCs) and linear block copolymers (LBCs) with similar molecular weights. These copolymers formed dendron (hyperbranched) and linear micelles, respectively, which were compared in terms of their stabilities in serum, micelle-serum protein interactions, and in vivo biodistributions. Overall, the dendron micelles exhibited a better serum stability (longer half-life) and thus a slower release profile than the linear micelles. Fluorescence quenching assays and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that the high serum stability of the dendron micelles can be attributed to reduced micelle-serum protein interactions, owing to their dendritic, dense PEG outer shell. These results provide an important design cue for various polymeric micelles and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jui Hsu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yanxiao Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael Cheong
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Petr Král
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Yonsei Frontier Lab and Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul.
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6
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Nizardo NM, Schanzenbach D, Schönemann E, Laschewsky A. Exploring Poly(ethylene glycol)-Polyzwitterion Diblock Copolymers as Biocompatible Smart Macrosurfactants Featuring UCST-Phase Behavior in Normal Saline Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E325. [PMID: 30966360 PMCID: PMC6414896 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonionic-zwitterionic diblock copolymers are designed to feature a coil-to-globule collapse transition with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in aqueous media, including physiological saline solution. The block copolymers that combine presumably highly biocompatible blocks are synthesized by chain extension of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macroinitiator via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of sulfobetaine and sulfabetaine methacrylates. Their thermoresponsive behavior is studied by variable temperature turbidimetry and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. While the polymers with polysulfobetaine blocks exhibit phase transitions in the physiologically interesting window of 30⁻50 °C only in pure aqueous solution, the polymers bearing polysulfabetaine blocks enabled phase transitions only in physiological saline solution. By copolymerizing a pair of structurally closely related sulfo- and sulfabetaine monomers, thermoresponsive behavior can be implemented in aqueous solutions of both low and high salinity. Surprisingly, the presence of the PEG blocks can affect the UCST-transitions of the polyzwitterions notably. In specific cases, this results in "schizophrenic" thermoresponsive behavior displaying simultaneously an UCST and an LCST (lower critical solution temperature) transition. Exploratory experiments on the UCST-transition triggered the encapsulation and release of various solvatochromic fluorescent dyes as model "cargos" failed, apparently due to the poor affinity even of charged organic compounds to the collapsed state of the polyzwitterions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noverra M Nizardo
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24⁻25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schanzenbach
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24⁻25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Eric Schönemann
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24⁻25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - André Laschewsky
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24⁻25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselberg-Str. 69, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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7
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Amphiphilic diblock and crosslinked copolymers synthesized via
metal-free atom transfer radical polymerization. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Bazban-Shotorbani S, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Karkhaneh A, Serpooshan V, Jacob KI, Moshaverinia A, Mahmoudi M. Revisiting structure-property relationship of pH-responsive polymers for drug delivery applications. J Control Release 2017; 253:46-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Janas C, Mostaphaoui Z, Schmiederer L, Bauer J, Wacker MG. Novel polymeric micelles for drug delivery: Material characterization and formulation screening. Int J Pharm 2016; 509:197-207. [PMID: 27234698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A rising number of new chemical entities that exhibit only poor aqueous solubility are identified in drug discovery processes. Polymeric micelles composed of block copolymers (BP) facilitate the delivery of such lipophilic molecules in drug therapy. Consequently, a rational screening and selection procedure for novel BP was established. Further, the interplay of polymer structure, micelle formation and drug binding was studied. Therefore seven polymers (BP001 to BP007) were synthesized from different monomer compositions resulting in nanocarriers varying in surface decoration and lipophilicity. These polymers were characterized by H(1)-NMR and SEC. The molecular weight was ranging between 13 and 37kDa. The critical micelle concentration and micellar integrity in presence of human plasma were determined. Micelles were loaded with dexamethasone and characterized with regards to their size, morphology and surface charge. Polymeric micelles with a size of 49.21-236.37nm were obtained. A half-life of 11h was determined for five of the copolymers in presence of human plasma. Two nanocarrier formulations (BP006 and BP007) were exhibiting optimal micellar integrity in vitro and a modified release profile under biorelevant conditions. Strongest drug-polymer interaction was observed for nanocarrier compositions providing benzyl and carboxylic groups and were composed of BP006 and BP007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Janas
- Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Zouhair Mostaphaoui
- Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Johann Bauer
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, D-64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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10
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Boyer C, Corrigan NA, Jung K, Nguyen D, Nguyen TK, Adnan NNM, Oliver S, Shanmugam S, Yeow J. Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1803-949. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Alan Corrigan
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Diep Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Thuy-Khanh Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Nik Nik M. Adnan
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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11
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Raffa P, Wever DAZ, Picchioni F, Broekhuis AA. Polymeric Surfactants: Synthesis, Properties, and Links to Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8504-63. [PMID: 26182291 DOI: 10.1021/cr500129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Raffa
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute DPI , P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Armando Zakarias Wever
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute DPI , P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Picchioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antonius A Broekhuis
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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13
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Sun G, Liu M, Zhou X, Hong L, Ngai T. Influence of asymmetric ratio of amphiphilic diblock copolymers on one-step formation and stability of multiple emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Wu W, Wang W, Li S, Wang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Luo X, Li J. Physiological pH-triggered morphological transition of amphiphilic block copolymer self-assembly. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-014-0494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Garnier S, Laschewsky A, Storsberg J. Polymeric Surfactants: Novel Agents with Exceptional Properties. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/113.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This article presents recent progress in the field of polymeric surfactants made of permanently amphiphilic block copolymers or of stimulus-sensitive ones. We highlight key points in the design of amphiphilic macromolecules, to yield polymer surfactants with tailor-made properties, as well as recently developed and still challenging application fields for this new class of surfactants. The efficiency boosting of amphiphilic block copolymers as co-surfactants in microemulsions is discussed, as are surface modification by polymer surfactants, and stabilization of dispersions. Moreover, the use of block copolymers in nanosciences is presented, for instance as a tool for nanomaterial fabrication, or for biomedical and cosmetic applications in bio-nanotechnology. Finally, self-assembly and applications of some newly developed “exotic” amphiphilic block copolymer structures as new surface-active materials will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Garnier
- Universität Potsdam, P. O. Box 6015 53, D-14415 Potsdam-Golm (Germany)
| | - A. Laschewsky
- Universität Potsdam, P. O. Box 6015 53, D-14415 Potsdam-Golm (Germany)
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung FhG-IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm (Germany)
| | - J. Storsberg
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung FhG-IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm (Germany)
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16
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pH-sensitive vesicles, polymeric micelles, and nanospheres prepared with polycarboxylates. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:979-92. [PMID: 21996056 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Titratable polyanions, and more particularly polymers bearing carboxylate groups, have been used in recent years to produce a variety of pH-sensitive colloids. These polymers undergo a coil-to-globule conformational change upon a variation in pH of the surrounding environment. This conformational change can be exploited to trigger the release of a drug from a drug delivery system in a pH-dependent fashion. This review describes the current status of pH-sensitive vesicles, polymeric micelles, and nanospheres prepared with polycarboxylates and their performance as nano-scale drug delivery systems, with emphasis on our recent contribution to this field.
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17
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Xu Z, Wang D, Guan M, Liu X, Yang Y, Wei D, Zhao C, Zhang H. Photoluminescent silicon nanocrystal-based multifunctional carrier for pH-regulated drug delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:3424-3431. [PMID: 22758606 DOI: 10.1021/am300877v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A core-shell structured multifunctional carrier with nanocrystalline silicon (ncSi) as the core and a water-soluble block copolymer as the shell based on a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) inner shell and polyethylene glycol (MPEG) outer shell (ncSi-MPM) was synthesized for drug delivery. The morphology, composition, and properties of the resulting ncSi-MPM were determined by comprehensive multianalytical characterization, including (1)H NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XPS spectroscopy, TEM, DLS, and fluorescence spectroscopy analyses. The size of the resulting ncSi-MPM nanocarriers ranged from 40 to 110 nm under a simulated physiological environment. The loading efficiency of model drug doxorubicin (DOX) was approximately 6.1-7.4 wt % for ncSi-MPM and the drug release was pH controlled. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that DOX-loaded ncSi-MPM showed high anticancer activity against Hela cells. Hemolysis percentages (<2%) of ncSi-MPM were within the scope of safe values. Fluorescent imaging studies showed that the nanocarriers could be used as a tracker at the cellular level. Integration of the above functional components may result in ncSi-MPM becoming a promising multifunctional carrier for drug delivery and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, §School of Basic Medical Science, ⊥School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
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18
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Erdogan T, Bernaerts KV, Van Renterghem LM, Du Prez FE, Goethals EJ. Preparation of star block co-polymers by combination of cationic ring opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156855505774597812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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19
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Carletto A, Cardozo AF, Suriano R, Manoury E, Turri S, Poli R. Core Cross-Linked Amphiphilic Star-Block Copolymers with (Meth)acrylic Acid Shells Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Hong L, Sun G, Cai J, Ngai T. One-step formation of w/o/w multiple emulsions stabilized by single amphiphilic block copolymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2332-2336. [PMID: 22260367 DOI: 10.1021/la205108w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Multiple emulsions are complex polydispersed systems in which both oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion exists simultaneously. They are often prepared accroding to a two-step process and commonly stabilized using a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants. Recently, some reports have shown that multiple emulsions can also be produced through one-step method with simultaneous occurrence of catastrophic and transitional phase inversions. However, these reported multiple emulsions need surfactant blends and are usually described as transitory or temporary systems. Herein, we report a one-step phase inversion process to produce water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsions stabilized solely by a synthetic diblock copolymer. Unlike the use of small molecule surfactant combinations, block copolymer stabilized multiple emulsions are remarkably stable and show the ability to separately encapsulate both polar and nonpolar cargos. The importance of the conformation of the copolymer surfactant at the interfaces with regards to the stability of the multiple emulsions using the one-step method is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhi Hong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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21
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Bayó-Puxan N, Dufresne MH, Felber AE, Castagner B, Leroux JC. Preparation of polyion complex micelles from poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polyions. J Control Release 2011; 156:118-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Hussain H, Amado E, Kressler J. Functional Polyether-based Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Synthesized by Atom-transfer Radical Polymerization. Aust J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the synthesis, physical properties, and applications of amphiphilic block copolymers based on hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or hydrophobic poly(propylene oxide) (PPO). Oligomeric PEO and PPO are frequently functionalized by converting their OH end groups into macroinitiators for atom-transfer radical polymerization. They are then used to generate additional blocks as part of complex copolymer architectures. Adding hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks, respectively, leads to polymers with amphiphilic character in water. They are surface active and form micelles above a critical micellization concentration. Together with recent developments in post-polymerization techniques through quantitative coupling reactions (‘click’ chemistry) a broad variety of tailored functionalities can be introduced to the amphiphilic block copolymers. Examples are outlined including stimuli responsiveness, membrane penetrating ability, formation of multi-compartmentalized micelles, etc.
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Felber AE, Castagner B, Elsabahy M, Deleavey GF, Damha MJ, Leroux JC. siRNA nanocarriers based on methacrylic acid copolymers. J Control Release 2010; 152:159-67. [PMID: 21195736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PEG-b-P(PrMA-co-MAA) can be complexed with poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and nucleic acids to form pH-responsive nanosized core-shell type polyion complex micelles (PICMs). These PICMs have the ability to lose their shell and release the PAMAM/nucleic acid core under mildly acidic conditions such as those encountered in the endosomal compartment. In this work, pH-sensitive PICMs composed of PEG-b-P(PrMA-co-MAA), different PAMAMs, and siRNAs were prepared and characterized. These micelles had mean diameters ranging from 50 to 100 nm depending on the structure of the polycationic component. In order to trigger PICM uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis, the micelles were decorated with an antibody fragment directed against the transferrin receptor (anti-CD71). The targeting ligand was stably conjugated to a semi-telechelic amino-PEG-b-P(PrMA-co-MAA) via a maleimide/activated ester bifunctional linker, yielding up to 60%-80% functionalization of the maleimide groups. The cellular uptake of the micelles was assessed on human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) via flow cytometry. Native PICMs and micelles bearing a non-specific antibody fragment were taken up to the same extent with a low efficiency, whereas anti-CD71 Fab'-decorated PICMs exhibited significantly higher uptake. The capacity of the targeted, siRNA-loaded, PICMs to downregulate the expression of the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic oncoprotein was investigated using the appropriate unmodified or 2'-modified (2'F-RNA and 2'F-ANA) siRNA sequence. Bcl-2 mRNA and protein levels were greatly reduced when the cells were transfected with anti-CD71 decorated PICMs. Optimal silencing was achieved with the chemically modified siRNA. These data suggest that combining optimized siRNA chemistry with an effective delivery system can potentiate the activity of siRNA, thereby potentially reducing the total dose of carrier required to achieve a pharmacological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud E Felber
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli Str. 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Morikawa H, Kotaki Y, Mihara R, Kiraku Y, Ichimura S, Motokucho S. Photochemical Formation of a Core-crosslinked Micelle using an Anthracene-containing Amphiphilic Copolymer. CHEM LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2010.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Ouchi M, Terashima T, Sawamoto M. Transition metal-catalyzed living radical polymerization: toward perfection in catalysis and precision polymer synthesis. Chem Rev 2010; 109:4963-5050. [PMID: 19788190 DOI: 10.1021/cr900234b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 998] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Piogé S, Fontaine L, Gaillard C, Nicol E, Pascual S. Self-Assembling Properties of Well-Defined Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ethyl acrylate) Diblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802705b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandie Piogé
- Polymères, Colloïdes, Interfaces, UMR CNRS 6120, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
- Unité de Chimie Organique Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire, UMR CNRS 6011, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
| | - Laurent Fontaine
- Unité de Chimie Organique Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire, UMR CNRS 6011, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
| | - Cédric Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Microscopie, plate-forme RIO BIBS, U.R. BIA, INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Erwan Nicol
- Polymères, Colloïdes, Interfaces, UMR CNRS 6120, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
| | - Sagrario Pascual
- Unité de Chimie Organique Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire, UMR CNRS 6011, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
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Morikawa H, Koike S, Saiki M, Saegusa Y. Synthesis and characterization of the PEG-based nonionic surfactants endowed with carboxylic acid moiety at the hydrophobic terminal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of octahedral rhenium cluster complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:1991-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Characterization of polyion complex micelles designed to address the challenges of oligonucleotide delivery. Pharm Res 2008; 25:2083-93. [PMID: 18452054 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To optimize oligonucleotide (ODN)-based polyion complex micelles (PICMs) by studying the effects of polymer composition and length on their properties. METHODS Atom transfer radical polymerization was used to synthesize copolymers with increasing hydrophilic nonionic and cationic block lengths. PICMs were prepared by mixing the copolymers and ODN at various nitrogen-to-phosphate (N/P) ratios and characterized by gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering. The stability of the complexes towards dissociation was tested using a competitive assay with heparin. Finally, protection of the incorporated ODN against DNAse I degradation was evaluated. RESULTS A library of copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(aminoethyl methacrylate) (PAEMA) and/or poly((dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate) (PDMAEMA) was synthesized. All polymers efficiently interacted with the ODN at N/P ratios approaching 1.5. Narrowly distributed but easily dissociable PICMs were obtained using PEG 5000 and short DMAEMA chains. Shortening the PEG block to 2000, increasing the number of cationic units and using AEMA produced more stable complexes but at the cost of colloidal properties. All polymers were able to protect the ODN from nuclease degradation. CONCLUSIONS PEG 3000-based PICMs possess good colloidal properties, intermediate stability towards dissociation and adjustable buffering capacity, making them potentially useful for the delivery of nucleic acid drugs.
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Gao H, Jones MC, Tewari P, Ranger M, Leroux JC. Star-shaped alkylated poly(glycerol methacrylate) reverse micelles: Synthesis and evaluation of their solubilizing properties in dichloromethane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Satturwar P, Eddine MN, Ravenelle F, Leroux JC. pH-responsive polymeric micelles of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate-co-methacrylic acid): Influence of the copolymer composition on self-assembling properties and release of candesartan cilexetil. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 65:379-87. [PMID: 17123802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of chemical structure and molecular weight of pH-sensitive block copolymers on their self-assembling properties, the loading and the release of candesartan cilexetil (CDN). Block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) and t-butyl methacrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate or propyl methacrylate were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. pH-sensitivity was obtained by hydrolysis of t-butyl groups. The poorly water-soluble drug CDN was incorporated in the micelles and the in vitro drug release was evaluated as a function of pH. The critical aggregation concentration of hydrolyzed copolymers (pK(a)=6.2-6.6) was higher compared to the unhydrolyzed ones. Dynamic light scattering studies and atomic force microscopy images revealed uniform size micelles with aggregation numbers ranging from 60 to 160. The entrapment efficiency of CDN was generally found to be above 90%, with drug loading levels reaching approximately 20% (w/w). Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed the amorphous nature of entrapped CDN. The release of CDN from pH-sensitive micelles was triggered upon an increase in pH from 1.2 to 7.2. These findings suggest that the PEG-b-poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate-co-methacrylic acid)s can self-assemble to form micelles which exhibit high loading capacities for CDN and release the drug in a pH-dependent fashion.
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Maysinger D, Lovrić J, Eisenberg A, Savić R. Fate of micelles and quantum dots in cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 65:270-81. [PMID: 17027243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2006] [Revised: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Micelles and quantum dots have been used as experimental drug delivery systems and imaging tools both in vitro and in vivo. Investigations of their fate at the subcellular level require different surface-core modifications. Among the most common modifications are those with fluorescent probes, dense-core metals or radionucleids. Cellular fate of several fluorescent probes incorporated into poly(caprolactone)-b-copolymer micelles (PCL-b-PEO) was followed by confocal microscopy, and colloidal gold incorporated in poly 4-vinyl pyridine-PEO micelles were developed to explore micelle fate by electron microscopy. More recently, we have examined quantum dots (QDs) as the next-generation-labels for cells and nanoparticulate drug carriers amenable both to confocal and electron microscopic analyses. Effects of QDs at the cellular and subcellular levels and their integrity were studied. Results from different studies suggest that size, charge and surface manipulations of QDs may play a role in their subcellular distribution. Examples of pharmacological agents incorporated into block copolymer micelles, administered or attached to QD surfaces show how the final biological outcome (e.g. cell death, proliferation or differentiation) depends on physical properties of these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Kul D, Van Renterghem LM, Meier MA, Strandman S, Tenhu H, YIlmaz SS, Schubert US, Du Prez FE. Encapsulation and release by star-shaped block copolymers as unimolecular nanocontainers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ye M, Zhang D, Han L, Tejada J, Ortiz C. Synthesis, preparation, and conformation of stimulus-responsive end-grafted poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene glycol) layers. SOFT MATTER 2006; 2:243-256. [PMID: 32646151 DOI: 10.1039/b510894b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the formation of stimulus-responsive chemically end-grafted "brush-brushes" by synthesizing, mono thiol(end)-functionalized poly(methacrylic acid--ethylene glycol) or poly(MAA--EG) comb-type graft copolymers a combination of protecting group chemistry and atom transfer radical polymerization using the initiator 2-(2,4-dinitrophenylthio)ethyl 2-bromo-2-methyl propionate. The polymers were synthesized with three different molecular weights (15 k, 17 k and 27 k), PEG side chain graft densities (EG/MAA mole ratio = 2.2, 0.4 and 1.9, respectively), and a PEG molecular weight = 1100 and then chemically end-grafted to gold substrates chemisorption, resulting in molecular separation distances of ∼3-4 nm. pH-Dependent swelling was confirmed to take place gradually above pH 4-5 and quantified by heights measured by contact mode AFM imaging of microcontact printed (µCP) samples. Swelling factors (maximum height/minimum height) were fairly large (3.6-7.3) and a decrease in molecular weight by ∼2× and side chain graft density by ∼4× resulted in a decrease in swelling factor by ∼2×. Layer height normal force for all three polymers measured by contact mode atomic force microscope imaging on µCP samples at pH 9 showed a nonlinearly decreasing relationship and complete compression ∼<2 nm for forces >10 nN. At pH 4, all polymer layers were largely collapsed (heights ∼<4 nm) and incompressible (, heights were independent of normal force).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Jonathon Tejada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Christine Ortiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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35
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Lutz JF. Solution self-assembly of tailor-made macromolecular building blocks prepared by controlled radical polymerization techniques. POLYM INT 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ibrahim K, Salminen A, Holappa S, Kataja K, Lampinen H, Löfgren B, Laine J, Seppälä J. Preparation and characterization of polystyrene–poly(ethylene oxide) amphiphilic block copolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization: Potential application as paper coating materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gaucher G, Dufresne MH, Sant VP, Kang N, Maysinger D, Leroux JC. Block copolymer micelles: preparation, characterization and application in drug delivery. J Control Release 2005; 109:169-88. [PMID: 16289422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1019] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Accepted: 08/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymer micelles are generally formed by the self-assembly of either amphiphilic or oppositely charged copolymers in aqueous medium. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks form the corona and the core of the micelles, respectively. The presence of a nonionic water-soluble shell as well as the scale (10-100 nm) of polymeric micelles are expected to restrict their uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system and allow for passive targeting of cancerous or inflamed tissues through the enhanced permeation and retention effect. Research in the field has been increasingly focused on achieving enhanced stability of the micellar assembly, prolonged circulation times and controlled release of the drug for optimal targeting. With that in mind, our group has developed a range of block copolymers for various applications, including amphiphilic micelles for passive targeting of chemotherapeutic agents and environment-sensitive micelles for the oral delivery of poorly bioavailable compounds. Here, we propose to review the innovations in block copolymer synthesis, polymeric micelle preparation and characterization, as well as the relevance of these developments to the field of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Gaucher
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Canada
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Zhang W, Shi L, Wu K, An Y. Thermoresponsive Micellization of Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in Water. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0509199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, N&T Joint Academy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Linqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, N&T Joint Academy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, N&T Joint Academy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yingli An
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, N&T Joint Academy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Sant VP, Smith D, Leroux JC. Novel pH-sensitive supramolecular assemblies for oral delivery of poorly water soluble drugs: preparation and characterization. J Control Release 2005; 97:301-12. [PMID: 15196757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to synthesize novel pH-sensitive block copolymers forming supramolecular assemblies and to explore their potential as poorly water-soluble drug carriers for oral delivery. Diblock copolymers of polyethylene glycol and t-butyl methacrylate (tBMA), ethyl acrylate (EA) or n-butyl acrylate (nBA) were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The pH-sensitive polymers obtained by hydrolysis of t-butyl groups were characterized for aggregation behaviour. Poorly water-soluble model drugs, i.e., indomethacin (IND), fenofibrate (FNB) and progesterone (PRG), were incorporated in supramolecular assemblies by dialysis or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion methods. Process parameters for emulsion method were studied to maximize drug loading. Progesterone release was evaluated in vitro as a function of pH. Polymers with controlled molecular weights and low polydispersities were obtained by ATRP. All polymers exhibited pH-dependent aggregation behaviour and their critical aggregation concentration (CAC) decreased with increase in the hydrophobic block length. Drug loadings of <6% and 6-14% w/w were achieved by the dialysis and emulsion methods, respectively. Polymer composition, drug concentration and solubilization of polymer in water or dichloromethane (DCM) affected the loading. Progesterone release from supramolecular assemblies increased when the pH of the release medium was raised from 1.2 to 7.2. The results suggest that these supramolecular assemblies with high drug loadings and pH-dependent release kinetics can potentially enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak P Sant
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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Sant VP, Smith D, Leroux JC. Enhancement of oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs by poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(alkyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid) self-assemblies. J Control Release 2005; 104:289-300. [PMID: 15907580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Revised: 02/11/2005] [Accepted: 02/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether pH-sensitive polymeric micelles could improve the oral bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug. Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(alkyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid)s were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization and the composition of the ionizable polymer block was varied to maximize drug loading and pH-dependent release. Poorly water-soluble model drugs viz. fenofibrate (FNB) and progesterone (PRG) were incorporated in the self-assemblies by the oil-in-water emulsion or film casting methods. The pH-dependent release of several formulations was studied in vitro and the oral bioavailabilities of FNB-loaded micelles, Lipidil Micro and FNB coarse suspension were assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg. Entrapment efficiency (defined as the ratio of experimental drug loading in self-assemblies to the initial amount of drug added) ranged between 55-75% and was dependent on polymer composition and drug-loading method. Hydrophobic chain composition of the polymer had tremendous impact on in vitro release kinetics, with only poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate(17)-co-methacrylic acid(17)) micelles showing the desired pH-dependent drug-release profile. The oral bioavailability of FNB from these self-assemblies revealed 156% and 15% increases vs. FNB coarse suspension and Lipidil Micro, respectively. The results suggest that these pH-sensitive self-assemblies have potential for improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak P Sant
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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Wan S, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Yan H, Liu K. Fe3O4 Nanoparticles coated with homopolymers of glycerol mono(meth)acrylate and their block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b504607f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ibrahim K, Starck P, Löfgren B, Seppälä J. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic triblock copolymers by iron-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Dufresne MH, Garrec DL, Sant V, Leroux JC, Ranger M. Preparation and characterization of water-soluble pH-sensitive nanocarriers for drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2004; 277:81-90. [PMID: 15158971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2003] [Revised: 05/17/2003] [Accepted: 07/19/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
pH-sensitive drug delivery systems can be engineered to release their contents or change their physicochemical properties in response to variations in the acidity of the surroundings. The present work describes the preparation and characterization of novel polymeric micelles (PM) composed of amphiphilic pH-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate) derivatives. On one hand, acidification of the PNIPAM copolymers induces a coil-to-globule transition that can be exploited to destabilize the intracellular vesicle membranes. In this work, PNIPAM-based PM were loaded with either doxorubicin or aluminium chloride phthalocyanine and their cytotoxicity was assessed in murine tumoral models. On the other hand, poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate) copolymers can be designed to interact with either hydrophobic drugs or polyions and release their cargo upon an increase in pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-H Dufresne
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Que., Canada H3C 3J7
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Masci G, Bontempo D, Tiso N, Diociaiuti M, Mannina L, Capitani D, Crescenzi V. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Potassium 3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate: Direct Synthesis of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers with Methyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0497254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Masci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Debora Bontempo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Nicola Tiso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vittorio Crescenzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Herati RS, Herati RS. Synthesis of 1-methoxypoly(oxyethylene)benzocyclobutene and its diels-alder reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wang C, Ravi P, Tam KC, Gan LH. Self-Assembly Behavior of Poly(methacrylic acid-block-ethyl acrylate) Polymer in Aqueous Medium: Potentiometric Titration and Laser Light Scattering Studies. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036648q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Wang
- Singapore-MIT Alliance, School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, and Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - P. Ravi
- Singapore-MIT Alliance, School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, and Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - K. C. Tam
- Singapore-MIT Alliance, School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, and Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - L. H. Gan
- Singapore-MIT Alliance, School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, and Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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Jones MC, Ranger M, Leroux JC. pH-sensitive unimolecular polymeric micelles: synthesis of a novel drug carrier. Bioconjug Chem 2003; 14:774-81. [PMID: 12862430 DOI: 10.1021/bc020041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel amphiphilic star-shaped polymers showing pH-sensitivity were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. These new polymers present a core-shell structure similar to polymeric micelles, but are inherently stable to dilution and are referred to as unimolecular polymeric micelles. A four-armed multifunctional initiator was used for the sequential polymerization of hydrophobic ethyl methacrylate and tert-butyl methacrylate and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)methacrylate. Polymers of molecular weight ranging from 9000 to 20,000 were obtained. Results of dynamic light scattering showed micelle size ranging from 11 to 40 nm. Unimolecular micelles were also analyzed by static light scattering in aqueous environment. Star-shaped polymers which presented the highest molar ratio of hydrophobic monomers tended to form high molecular weight aggregates in water. Hydrolysis of the tert-butyl methacrylate units permitted the introduction of ionizable methacrylic acid functions. Size distributions were bimodal at both acidic and basic pH. Since, the polymers were designed as potential delivery systems for the oral administration of hydrophobic drugs, they were titrated to evaluate the degree of ionization as a function of pH. In the stomach, the carboxylic functions are expected to be fully protonated. However, in the intestine, the micelles will be more than 40% ionized. Fluorescence studies were conducted in order to evaluate the polarity of the micellar core. Results showed an increase in polarity with pH due to the ionization of the acid functions present along the polymer chains. The pH rise was associated with an increase in the in vitro release rate of progesterone, which was used as hydrophobic drug model.
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Huang H, Kowalewski T, Wooley KL. Nanodroplets of polyisoprene fluid contained within poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) shells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zhang GD, Nishiyama N, Harada A, Jiang DL, Aida T, Kataoka K. pH-sensitive Assembly of Light-Harvesting Dendrimer Zinc Porphyrin Bearing Peripheral Groups of Primary Amine with Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(aspartic acid) in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma025735y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dong-Lin Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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