1
|
Cimrová V, Babičová P, Guesmi M, Výprachtický D. Donor-Acceptor Copolymers with 9-(2-Ethylhexyl)carbazole or Dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide Donor Units and 5,6-Difluorobenzo[ c][1,2,5]thiadiazole Acceptor Units for Photonics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2939. [PMID: 37999292 PMCID: PMC10675554 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting polymers, particularly of the third generation, including donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers, are extensively studied due to their huge potential for photonic and electronic applications. Here, we report on two new D-A copolymers, CP1 and CP2, composed of different electron-donor (D) units: 9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole or dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, respectively, and of 4,7-bis(4'-(2-octyldodecyl)thiophen-2'-yl)-5,6-difluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole building block with central 5,6-difluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole electron-acceptor (A) units, which were synthesized by Suzuki coupling in the high-boiling solvent xylene and characterized. The copolymers exhibited very good thermal and oxidation stability. A copolymer CP1 with different molecular weights was prepared in order to facilitate a comparison of CP1 with CP2 of comparable molecular weight and to reveal the relationship between molecular weight and properties. The photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescence properties were examined. Intense red photoluminescence (PL) with higher PL efficiencies for CP1 than for CP2 was observed in both solutions and films. Red shifts in the PL thin film spectra compared with the PL solution spectra indicated aggregate formation in the solid state. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed differences in the arrangement of molecules in thin films depending on the molecular weight of the copolymers. Light-emitting devices with efficient red emission and low onset voltages were prepared and characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic (D.V.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cimrová V, Výprachtický D, Růžička A, Pokorná V. Carbazole-Fluorene Copolymers with Various Substituents at the Carbazole Nitrogen: Structure-Properties Relationship. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2932. [PMID: 37447577 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbazole derivatives, carbazole-containing polymers and iridium complexes are of interest due to many possible applications in photonics, electronics and biology, particularly as active or hole-transporting layers in organic as well as perovskite devices due to their interesting properties. Here, a series of carbazole-fluorene conjugated copolymers with various substituents at the N-carbazole position (2-methoxycarbonylethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, 2-ethylhexyl, and nonan-2,4-dionatoiridium(III)bis(2-phenylpyridine-N,C2')-9-yl) was prepared by Suzuki coupling. Their photophysical, electrochemical and electroluminescence (EL) properties were studied. Effects of molecular weight and substituents attached to carbazole unit on their properties are reported. The carbazole-fluorene copolymers in dilute solutions exhibited intense photoluminescence (PL) emission in the blue spectral region with high PL quantum yields (78-87%) except for the copolymer with the iridium complex (23%). Similar PL spectra were observed in dilute solutions. More pronounced differences were found in thin film PL and EL properties due to excimer/aggregate formation. Light-emitting devices (LEDs) made of copolymers with 2-ethylhexyl as N-carbazole substituent exhibited efficient EL emission with the best performance and the lowest EL onset voltages (3-4 V), while the LEDs made of copolymers with other substituents were not as efficient, but showed anomalous behavior and memory effects in current-voltage characteristics promising also for bio-inspired electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Výprachtický
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Pokorná
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pazin WM, Almeida AKA, Manzoni V, Dias JMM, de Abreu ACF, Navarro M, Ito AS, Ribeiro AS, de Oliveira IN. Thermal and solvatochromic effects on the emission properties of a thienyl-based dansyl derivative. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28484-28491. [PMID: 35520094 PMCID: PMC9055963 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05949h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions have a profound effect on the photophysical behavior of highly conjugated compounds, which can be exploited in a large variety of applications. In this context, we use a combination of experimental and computational methods to investigate thermal and solvatochromic effects on the fluorescence properties of a dansyl derivative bearing a thienyl substituent, namely 2-(3-thienyl)ethyl dansylglycinate (TEDG). In particular, we analyze how the solvent polarity and temperature affect the ground and excited state energies of TEDG by using time-resolved and steady-state fluorescence techniques. We determine the changes in dipole moment of the TEDG molecule upon photoexcitation, as well as the solvent polarity effects on the excited state lifetime. Besides, we provide theoretical modeling of the HOMO-LUMO orbitals and the vertical absorption and emission energies using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as well as the polarizable continuum model (PCM) to include the solvent contribution to the absorption and emission energies. Our results show that the emission mechanism of TEDG involves locally excited states derived from hybrid molecular orbitals, accompanied by a moderate variation of the molecular dipole moment upon light excitation. Our findings demonstrate that TEDG exhibits desirable fluorescence properties that make it a promising candidate for use as a photoactive material in electrochromic, optical thermometry, and thermography applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Pazin
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901 Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - A K A Almeida
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - V Manzoni
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - J M M Dias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - A C F de Abreu
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus Angical Angical PI 64410-000 Brazil
| | - M Navarro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - A S Ito
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - A S Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - I N de Oliveira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
John SV, Cimrová V, Ulbricht C, Pokorná V, Růžička A, Giguère JB, Lafleur-Lambert A, Morin JF, Iwuoha E, Egbe DAM. Poly[(arylene ethynylene)- alt-(arylene vinylene)]s Based on Anthanthrone and Its Derivatives: Synthesis and Photophysical, Electrochemical, Electroluminescent, and Photovoltaic Properties. Macromolecules 2017; 50:8357-8371. [PMID: 29151617 PMCID: PMC5688416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anthanthrone and its derivatives are large polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) that pose a number of challenges for incorporation into the structure of soluble conjugated polymers. For the first time, this group of PACs was employed as the building blocks for the synthesis of copolymers (P1-P5) based on poly[(arylene ethynylene)-alt-(arylene vinylene)]s backbone (-Ph-C≡C-Anth-C≡C-Ph-CH=CH-Ph-CH=CH-) n . During the synthesis of P1-P5, different alkyloxy side chains were incorporated in order to tune the properties of the polymers. Of the copolymer series only P1 (containing anthanthrone and branched 2-ethylhexyloxy side chains on phenylenes), P2 and P3 (for which the anthanthrones containing carbonyl groups were converted to anthanthrene containing alkyloxy substituents) were soluble. The photophysical, electrochemical, electroluminescent and photovoltaic properties of P1-P3 are reported, compared and discussed with respect to the effects of side chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suru Vivian John
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, Cape Town, South Africa.,Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Ulbricht
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.,Institute of Polymeric Materials and Testing, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Veronika Pokorná
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Benoit Giguère
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, local 1250B Québec, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Antoine Lafleur-Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, local 1250B Québec, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-François Morin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, local 1250B Québec, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Iwuoha
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.,Institute of Polymeric Materials and Testing, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dian J, Jindřich J, Jelínek I. Functionalized materials with fluorescent dyes for chemosensor applications. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
6
|
Výprachtický D, Demirtas I, Dzhabarov V, Pokorná V, Ertas E, Ozturk T, Cimrová V. New copolymers with thieno[3,2-b
]thiophene or dithieno[3,2-b
:2′,3′-d
]thiophene units possessing electron-withdrawing 4-cyanophenyl groups: Synthesis and photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Drahomír Výprachtický
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences; Heyrovský Sq. 2 16206 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ilknur Demirtas
- Department of Chemistry; Science Faculty, Istanbul Technical University; Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Center; Gebze Kocaeli 2141470 Turkey
| | - Vagif Dzhabarov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences; Heyrovský Sq. 2 16206 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Pokorná
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences; Heyrovský Sq. 2 16206 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Erdal Ertas
- Department of Chemistry; Science Faculty, Istanbul Technical University; Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Turan Ozturk
- Department of Chemistry; Science Faculty, Istanbul Technical University; Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
- Chemistry Group, Organic Chemistry Laboratory, TUBITAK UME; Gebze Kocaeli 5441470 Turkey
| | - Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences; Heyrovský Sq. 2 16206 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bouguerra N, Růžička A, Ulbricht C, Enengl C, Enengl S, Pokorná V, Výprachtický D, Tordin E, Aitout R, Cimrová V, Egbe DAM. Synthesis and Photophysical and Electroluminescent Properties of Poly(1,4-phenylene-ethynylene)- alt-poly(1,4-phenylene-vinylene)s with Various Dissymmetric Substitution of Alkoxy Side Chains. Macromolecules 2016; 49:455-464. [PMID: 26877550 PMCID: PMC4730230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
synthesis and characterization of a set of conjugated polymers,
poly(1,4-phenylene–ethynylene)-alt-poly(1,4-phenylene–vinylene)s
(PPE–PPVs), with a dissymmetrical configuration (partial or
total) of alkoxy side chains is reported. Five new polymers bearing
octyloxy and/or octadecyloxy side chains at the phenylene–ethynylene
and phenylene–vinylene segments, respectively, were obtained.
Two symmetrical substituted polymers were used for comparison. Polymers
with weight-average molecular weight, Mw, up to 430 000 g/mol and degree of polymerization between
17 and 322 were obtained by a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons
olefination polycondensation reaction of the respective luminophoric
dialdehydes and bisphosphonates. As expected, identical conjugated
backbones in all polymers results in very similar photophysical response
in dilute solution, with high fluorescence quantum yields between
50% and 80%. In contrast, the thin film properties are dependent on
the combinatorial effects of side chain configuration, molecular weight,
and film thickness parameters, which are the basis of the resulting
comparison and discussion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Bouguerra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Energetic Valorization Laboratory, A. MIRA University, Targa Ouzemmour, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria; Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Ulbricht
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christina Enengl
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sandra Enengl
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Veronika Pokorná
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Výprachtický
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elisa Tordin
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Razika Aitout
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Energetic Valorization Laboratory, A. MIRA University , Targa Ouzemmour, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
New electroluminescent carbazole-containing conjugated polymer: Synthesis, photophysics, and electroluminescence. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
9
|
Almeida AKA, Monteiro MP, Dias JMM, Omena L, da Silva AJC, Tonholo J, Mortimer RJ, Navarro M, Jacinto C, Ribeiro AS, de Oliveira IN. Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a fluorescent pyrrole derivative containing electron acceptor and donor groups. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 128:812-818. [PMID: 24704598 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and fluorescence characterization of a new pyrrole derivative (PyPDG) containing the electron donor-acceptor dansyl substituent is reported. The effects of temperature and solvent polarity on the steady-state fluorescence of this compound are investigated. Our results show that PyPDG exhibits desirable fluorescent properties which makes it a promising candidate to be used as the photoactive material in optical thermometry and thermography applications. Further, the electrochemical and emission properties of polymeric films obtained from the oxidation polymerization of PyPDG are also analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K A Almeida
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - M P Monteiro
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - J M M Dias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - L Omena
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - A J C da Silva
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - J Tonholo
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - R J Mortimer
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - M Navarro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - C Jacinto
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - A S Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - I N de Oliveira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió-AL, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang N, Samanta SR, Rosen BM, Percec V. Single Electron Transfer in Radical Ion and Radical-Mediated Organic, Materials and Polymer Synthesis. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5848-958. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400689s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Shampa R. Samanta
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Brad M. Rosen
- DuPont Titanium Technologies, Chestnut Run Plaza, Wilmington, Delaware 19805, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cohen C, Damiron D, Dkhil SB, Drockenmuller E, Restagno F, Léger L. Synthesis of well-defined poly(dimethylsiloxane) telechelics having nitrobenzoxadiazole fluorescent chain-ends via thiol-ene coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
|