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Mi D, Zhao Z, Bai H. Effects of Orientation and Dispersion on Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102370. [PMID: 37242948 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The orientation and dispersion of nanoparticles can greatly influence the conductivity and mechanical properties of nanocomposites. In this study, the Polypropylene/ Carbon Nanotubes (PP/CNTs) nanocomposites were produced using three different molding methods, i.e., compression molding (CM), conventional injection molding (IM), and interval injection molding (IntM). Various CNTs content and shear conditions give CNTs different dispersion and orientation states. Then, three electrical percolation thresholds (4 wt.% CM, 6 wt.% IM, and 9 wt.% IntM) were obtained by various CNTs dispersion and orientations. Agglomerate dispersion (Adis), agglomerate orientation (Aori), and molecular orientation (Mori) are used to quantify the CNTs dispersion and orientation degree. IntM uses high shear to break the agglomerates and promote the Aori, Mori, and Adis. Large Aori and Mori can create a path along the flow direction, which lead to an electrical anisotropy of nearly six orders of magnitude in the flow and transverse direction. On the other hand, when CM and IM samples already build the conductive network, IntM can triple the Adis and destroy the network. Moreover, mechanical properties are also been discussed, such as the increase in tensile strength with Aori and Mori but showing independence with Adis. This paper proves that the high dispersion of CNTs agglomerate goes against forming a conductivity network. At the same time, the increased orientation of CNTs causes the electric current to flow only in the orientation direction. It helps to prepare PP/CNTs nanocomposites on demand by understanding the influence of CNTs dispersion and orientation on mechanical and electrical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashan Mi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Haiqing Bai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
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2
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Abbasi Moud A, Abbasi Moud A. Flow and assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): A bottom-up perspective - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123391. [PMID: 36716841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic sources, such as lignocellulose-rich biomass, can be mechanically or acid degraded to produce inclusions called cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). They have several uses in the sectors of biomedicine, photonics, and material engineering because of their biodegradability, renewability, sustainability, and mechanical qualities. The processing and design of CNC-based products are inextricably linked to the rheological behaviour of CNC suspension or in combination with other chemicals, such as surfactants or polymers; in this context, rheology offers a significant link between microstructure and macro scale flow behaviour that is intricately linked to material response in applications. The flow behaviour of CNC items must be properly specified in order to produce goods with value-added characteristics. In this review article, we provide new research on the shear rheology of CNC dispersion and CNC-based hydrogels in the linear and nonlinear regime, with storage modulus values reported to range from ~10-3 to 103 Pa. Applications in technology and material science are also covered simultaneously. We carefully examined the effects of charge density, aspect ratio, concentration, persistence length, alignment, liquid crystal formation, the cause of chirality in CNCs, interfacial behaviour and interfacial rheology, linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of CNC suspension in bulk and at the interface using the currently available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran.
| | - Aliyeh Abbasi Moud
- Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran
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4
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Ahmadian Hoseini AH, Erfanian E, Kamkar M, Sundararaj U, Liu J, Arjmand M. Waste to Value-Added Product: Developing Electrically Conductive Nanocomposites Using a Non-Recyclable Plastic Waste Containing Vulcanized Rubber. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152427. [PMID: 34372031 PMCID: PMC8348210 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study intends to show the potential application of a non-recyclable plastic waste towards the development of electrically conductive nanocomposites. Herein, the conductive nanofiller and binding matrix are carbon nanotubes (CNT) and polystyrene (PS), respectively, and the waste material is a plastic foam consisting of mainly vulcanized nitrile butadiene rubber and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Two nanocomposite systems, i.e., PS/Waste/CNT and PS/CNT, with different compositions were melt-blended in a mixer and characterized for electrical properties. Higher electrical conduction and improved electromagnetic interference shielding performance in PS/Waste/CNT system indicated better conductive network of CNTs. For instance, at 1.0 wt.% CNT loading, the PS/Waste/CNT nanocomposites with the plastic waste content of 30 and 50 wt.% conducted electricity 3 and 4 orders of magnitude higher than the PS/CNT nanocomposite, respectively. More importantly, incorporation of the plastic waste (50 wt.%) reduced the electrical percolation threshold by 30% in comparison with the PS/CNT nanocomposite. The enhanced network of CNTs in PS/Waste/CNT samples was attributed to double percolation morphology, evidenced by optical images and rheological tests, caused by the excluded volume effect of the plastic waste. Indeed, due to its high content of vulcanized rubber, the plastic waste did not melt during the blending process. As a result, CNTs concentrated in the PS phase, forming a denser interconnected network in PS/Waste/CNT samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elnaz Erfanian
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.E.); (U.S.)
| | - Milad Kamkar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (A.H.A.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.E.); (U.S.)
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (A.H.A.H.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (A.H.A.H.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (M.A.)
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5
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Palacios JK, Ben Fekih A, Yus Argon C, Irusta S, Jestin S, Dagréou S. Tailoring the rheology and electrical properties of polyamide 66 nanocomposites with hybrid filler approach: graphene and carbon nanotubes. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordana K Palacios
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
- R&D Materials Department Fundación Centro Tecnológico Miranda de Ebro (CTME) Burgos Spain
| | - Achraf Ben Fekih
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
| | - Cristina Yus Argon
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC – Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC – Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Simon Jestin
- CANOE/Le Centre Technologique Nouvelle‐Aquitaine Composites et Matériaux Avancés Pessac France
| | - Sylvie Dagréou
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
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6
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Rocha JA, Steffen TT, Fontana LC, Becker D. Effect of maleic anhydride and oxygen functionalized carbon nanotube on polyamide 6 and polypropylene blend properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Mei J, Lei X, Liang M, Wu H, Zhou S, Zou H, Chen Y. Comparative study on the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes filled polypropylene and polyamide 6 micromoldings. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Mei
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xue Lei
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Mei Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hang Wu
- Beijing Special Vehicle Institute Beijing China
| | - Shengtai Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Yu Z, Dai T, Yuan S, Zou H, Liu P. Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance of Anisotropic Polyimide/Graphene Composite Aerogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30990-31001. [PMID: 32544318 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic polyimide (PI)/graphene composite aerogels were fabricated by unidirectional freezing. A poly(amic acid) (PAA) ammonium salt/graphene dispersion was first synthesized by mixing together PAA, H2O, triethylamine (TEA), and graphene and then was successively subjected to one-way freezing, freeze-drying, and thermal imidization. The one-way growth of ice crystals endowed the composite aerogels with highly arranged tubular pores. The PI/graphene composite aerogels possessed anisotropic conductivity, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, heat transfer, and compression performance. Moreover, the composite aerogels with low density (0.076 g·cm-3) exhibited high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 26.1-28.8 dB, and its specific EMI SE value achieved 1373-1518 dB·cm2·g-1 when the graphene content was 13 wt %. The main electromagnetic interference shielding mechanism of these composite aerogels was microwave absorption. The composite aerogels had excellent thermal stability, and their 5% weight loss temperature was higher than 546 °C in nitrogen. This research provided an easy and environmentally friendly approach to prepare lightweight and anisotropic PI-based composite aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Tianwen Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuaiwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Pengbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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9
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Chang C, Cao Y, Yang J, Zhang G, Long S, Wang X, Yang J. Substantially improving mechanical property of double percolated poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylenesulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates composites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Chang
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacao Yang
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Analytical and Testing CenterSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Shengru Long
- Analytical and Testing CenterSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Analytical and Testing CenterSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites Beijing 1000294 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Analytical and Testing CenterSichuan University Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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10
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Rezvani Moghaddam A, Kamkar M, Ranjbar Z, Sundararaj U, Jannesari A, Ranjbar B. Tuning the Network Structure of Graphene/Epoxy Nanocomposites by Controlling Edge/Basal Localization of Functional Groups. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Rezvani Moghaddam
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Zahra Ranjbar
- Department of Surface Coatings and Novel technologies, Institute for Color Science and Technology, No. 55, Vafamanesh Street, Hossein Abad Square, Pasdaran, Tehran 16688-36471, Iran
- Center of Excellence for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Ali Jannesari
- Department of Surface Coatings and Novel technologies, Institute for Color Science and Technology, No. 55, Vafamanesh Street, Hossein Abad Square, Pasdaran, Tehran 16688-36471, Iran
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11
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Morphology and electrical properties of polypropylene/polyamide 6/glass fiber composites with low carbon black loading. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the electrically conductive properties and percolation thresholds of carbon black (CB)-filled polypropylene (PP)/glass fiber (GF), PP/polyamide 6 (PA6), and PP/PA6/GF composites. Compared to CB-filled PP/GF and PP/PA6 composites, PP/PA6/GF/CB composites exhibited a reduction of the percolation threshold. Under the same CB loading, the surface resistivity of PP/PA6/GF/CB composites was much lower, indicating a better conductivity. According to the morphology images characterized by transmission electron microscopy, CB was preferentially located in the PA6 phase due to the good interaction between CB and PA6 and the lower viscosity of PA6. The addition of GF formed a PA6-coated GF structure. This structure with a relatively long diameter can effectively assist the construction of conductive paths. Meanwhile, GF also played a volume-occupying role and improved the effective concentration of the conductive component in the system. The influences of GF and PA6 mass fraction on the surface resistivity of PP/PA6/GF/CB composites were also explored, respectively. It was found that appropriate amounts of GF and PA6 could effectively increase the electrical conductivity, providing guidance for fabricating an antistatic or conductive material with high comprehensive performance.
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12
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Compatibilising action of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate/polypropylene (PC/PP) blends: phase morphology, viscoelastic phase separation, rheology and percolation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Wang J, He Y, Jin L, Zhou D, Guo J. Influence of thermo-oxidative aging on the dynamical mechanical properties and thermal degradation kinetics of glass fiber-reinforced PA10T composites. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials; Guiyang Guizhou 550014 China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials; Guiyang Guizhou 550014 China
| | - Longming Jin
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Dengfeng Zhou
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 China
- School of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering; Guizhou Institute of Technology; Guiyang Guizhou 550003 China
| | - Jianbing Guo
- Department of Polymer Material and Engineering; College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials; Guiyang Guizhou 550014 China
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Hosseinpour A, Nasseri R, Ghiassinejad S, Mehranpour M, Katbab AA, Nazockdast H. Improving the electrical conductivity of ethylene 1-octene copolymer/cyclic olefin copolymer immiscible blends by interfacial localization of MWCNTs. POLYM ENG SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hosseinpour
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
| | - Rasool Nasseri
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Sina Ghiassinejad
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
| | - Milad Mehranpour
- Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Katbab
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
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15
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Zhang XQ, Tan YB, Chen RY, Zhang GZ, Qu JP. Dimensional impact of nanofillers on the micromorphology and rheology of PP/PS composites under continuous elongation flow. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-qiu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Yong-bin Tan
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Rong-yuan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Gui-zhen Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Jin-ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510641 China
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16
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Shashkeev KA, Kondrashov SV, Popkov OV, Solovianchik LV, Lobanov MV, Nagornaya VS, Soldatov MA, Shevchenko VG, Gulyaev AI, Makarova VV, Yurkov GY. The effect of fluorosilicone modifiers on the carbon nanotube networks in epoxy matrix. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oleg V. Popkov
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials; Moscow 105005 Russia
| | | | - Maxim V. Lobanov
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials; Moscow 105005 Russia
| | - Valeria S. Nagornaya
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials; Moscow 105005 Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Soldatov
- State Research Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organoelement Compounds; Moscow 111123 Russia
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the RAS; Moscow 117393 Russia
| | - Vitaly G. Shevchenko
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the RAS; Moscow 117393 Russia
| | - Artem I. Gulyaev
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials; Moscow 105005 Russia
| | | | - Gleb Yu. Yurkov
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science of the RAS; Moscow 119334 Russia
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17
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Zhao X, Wang H, Fu Z, Li Y. Enhanced Interfacial Adhesion by Reactive Carbon Nanotubes: New Route to High-Performance Immiscible Polymer Blend Nanocomposites with Simultaneously Enhanced Toughness, Tensile Strength, and Electrical Conductivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:8411-8416. [PMID: 29488745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Physically anchoring carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto the interface of immiscible polymer blends has been extensively reported; however, enhancement of physical properties of the blends has seldom been achieved. Herein, we used CNTs with reactive epoxide groups and long poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) tails as a thermodynamic compatibilizer for immiscible poly vinylidene fluoride/poly l-lactide (PVDF/PLLA) blends. The CNTs acted as an efficient compatibilizer and bridged the two phases through physical entanglement and chemical reaction. The sea-island structure of the blend transformed into a bicontinuous structure for CNT contents greater than 3 wt %. The mechanical properties, including ductility and tensile strength, thermal properties, and electrical conductivities were all enhanced by the CNTs compatibilizer. This strategy thermodynamically compatibilized by reactive nanofillers paves the way for advanced blend nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , No. 16 Xuelin Rd. , Hangzhou 310036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hengti Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , No. 16 Xuelin Rd. , Hangzhou 310036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiang Fu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , No. 16 Xuelin Rd. , Hangzhou 310036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjin Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , No. 16 Xuelin Rd. , Hangzhou 310036 , People's Republic of China
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18
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Rafeie O, Razavi Aghjeh MK, Tavakoli A, Salami Kalajahi M, Jameie Oskooie A. Conductive poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyethylene/graphene blend-nanocomposites: Relationship between rheology, morphology, and electrical conductivity. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Rafeie
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering; Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
| | - M. K. Razavi Aghjeh
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering; Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
| | - A. Tavakoli
- Chemical Engineering Department; Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
| | - M. Salami Kalajahi
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering; Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
| | - A. Jameie Oskooie
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering; Sahand University of Technology; P.C:51335-1996, Sahand New Town Tabriz Iran
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19
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Chen J, Liu B, Gao X, Xu D. A review of the interfacial characteristics of polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28048-28085. [PMID: 35542749 PMCID: PMC9083916 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of recent advances in research on the interfacial characteristics of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites. The state of knowledge about the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes as well as the interaction at the interface between the carbon nanotube and the polymer matrix is presented. The primary focus of this paper is on identifying the fundamental relationship between nanocomposite properties and interfacial characteristics. The progress, remaining challenges, and future directions of research are discussed. The latest developments of both microscopy and scattering techniques are reviewed, and their respective strengths and limitations are briefly discussed. The main methods available for the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes are summarized, and particular interest is given to evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. The critical issues related to the interaction at the interface are discussed, and the important techniques for improving the properties of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites are introduced. Additionally, the mechanism responsible for the interfacial interaction at the molecular level is briefly described. Furthermore, the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposites are discussed separately, and their influencing factors are briefly introduced. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities for efficiently translating the remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes to polymer matrices are summarized in the hopes of facilitating the development of this emerging area. Potential topics of oncoming focus are highlighted, and several suggestions concerning future research needs are also presented. The state of research on the characteristics at the interface in polymer nanocomposites is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the recent advances in the fundamental relationship between interfacial characteristics and nanocomposite properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Baofang Liu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Xuhui Gao
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Deguang Xu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
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20
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Perets Y, Aleksandrovych L, Melnychenko M, Lazarenko O, Vovchenko L, Matzui L. The Electrical Properties of Hybrid Composites Based on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Graphite Nanoplatelets. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:406. [PMID: 28618717 PMCID: PMC5469725 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we have investigated the concentration dependences of electrical conductivity of monopolymer composites with graphite nanoplatelets or multiwall carbon nanotubes and hybrid composites with both multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphite nanoplatelets. The latter filler was added to given systems in content of 0.24 vol%. The content of multiwall carbon nanotubes is varied from 0.03 to 4 vol%. Before incorporation into the epoxy resin, the graphite nanoplatelets were subjected to ultraviolet ozone treatment for 20 min. It was found that the addition of nanocarbon to the low-viscosity suspension (polymer, acetone, hardener) results in formation of two percolation transitions. The percolation transition of the composites based on carbon nanotubes is the lowest (0.13 vol%).It was determined that the combination of two electroconductive fillers in the low-viscosity polymer results in a synergistic effect above the percolation threshold, which is revealed in increase of the conductivity up to 20 times. The calculation of the number of conductive chains in the composite and contact electric resistance in the framework of the model of effective electrical resistivity allowed us to explain the nature of synergistic effect. Reduction of the electric contact resistance in hybrid composites may be related to a thinner polymer layer between the filler particles and the growing number of the particles which take part in the electroconductive circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Perets
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Lyudmila Aleksandrovych
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Melnychenko
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandra Lazarenko
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Lyudmila Vovchenko
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Lyudmila Matzui
- Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str., 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
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21
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Hoseini AHA, Arjmand M, Sundararaj U, Trifkovic M. Tunable electrical conductivity of polystyrene/polyamide-6/carbon nanotube blend nanocomposites via control of morphology and nanofiller localization. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Liebscher M, Domurath J, Krause B, Saphiannikova M, Heinrich G, Pötschke P. Electrical and melt rheological characterization of PC and co-continuous PC/SAN blends filled with CNTs: Relationship between melt-mixing parameters, filler dispersion, and filler aspect ratio. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Liebscher
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden D-01062 Germany
| | - Jan Domurath
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
- Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), Univ. Bretagne Sud, FRE CNRS 3744, IRDL; Lorient F-56100 France
| | - Beate Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
| | - Marina Saphiannikova
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
| | - Gert Heinrich
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden D-01062 Germany
| | - Petra Pötschke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, IPF), Hohe Str. 6; Dresden D-01069 Germany
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23
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Conducting melt blending of polystyrene and
EVA
copolymer with carbon nanotube assisted by phosphonium‐based ionic liquid. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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24
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Hesami M, Jalali-Arani A. Investigation of miscibility and phase structure of a novel blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylic rubber (ACM) and its nanocomposite with nanosilica. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdis Hesami
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; P.O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; P.O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
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25
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Tomylko S, Yaroshchuk O, Koval'chuk O, Lebovka N. Structural evolution and dielectric properties of suspensions of carbon nanotubes in nematic liquid crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:16456-16463. [PMID: 28608878 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01722g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structuring of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in liquid crystals (LCs) and electro-physical characteristics of LC + CNT suspensions were studied in a very broad range of CNT concentrations, C, from 10-5 wt% (highly diluted suspensions) to 2.5 wt% (highly viscous suspensions). Along with the conventional sandwich cells with the transparent electrodes on the substrates, we used the cells with the in-plane applied electrical field in order to monitor changes of electrical parameters in the same direction as the structural changes observed under an optical microscope. The data revealed four stages of structural evolution with the increase of C: (1) dispersion of individual CNTs and their very small aggregates (C < 3 × 10-4 wt%), (2) presence of branched aggregates with a non-compact structure (C = 3 × 10-4-5 × 10-3 wt%), (3) percolation of non-compact aggregates (C = 5 × 10-3-10-1 wt%) and (4) compaction of aggregates and formation of a dense network (C = 10-1-1 wt%). In the studied concentration range, the conductivity displayed two percolation thresholds at C ≈ 0.004 wt% and C ≈ 0.5 wt%, which are associated with the formation of a non-compact and dense CNT network. By contrast, the permittivity ε' revealed only one percolation threshold at C ≈ 0.5 wt%, when the distance between the adjacent CNTs becomes incredibly small.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tomylko
- Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauky 46, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine.
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26
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Sharif F, Arjmand M, Moud AA, Sundararaj U, Roberts EPL. Segregated Hybrid Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Graphene/Magnetite Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14171-14179. [PMID: 28374986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites of poly(methyl methacrylate)/reduced graphene oxide (PMMA/rGO) without and with decorated magnetite nanoparticles with a segregated structure were prepared using emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. Various characterization techniques were employed to validate the presence of the nanofillers and the formation of the segregated structure within the nanocomposites. The percolation threshold of the nanocomposites was found to be 0.3 vol %, while a maximum electrical conductivity of 91.2 S·m-1 and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 63.2 dB (2.9 mm thickness) were achieved for the PMMA/rGO nanocomposites at a loading of 2.6 vol % rGO. It was also observed that decorating rGO with magnetite nanoparticles (hybrid nanocomposites) led to a tremendous increase in EMI SE. For instance, 1.1 vol % PMMA/rGO nanocomposites indicated an EMI SE of 20.7 dB, while adding 0.5 vol % magnetite nanoparticles enhanced EMI SE to 29.3 dB. The excellent electrical properties obtained for these nanocomposites were ascribed to both superiorities of the segregated conductive structure and magnetic properties of the magnetite nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Sharif
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Edward P L Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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27
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Mohammadnezhad G, Dinari M, Nabiyan A. High Surface Area Nano-Boehmite as Effective Nano-Filler for Preparation of Boehmite-Polyamide-6 Nanocomposites. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Dinari
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Afshin Nabiyan
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
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28
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Controlling the conductive network formation of polymer nanocomposites filled with nanorods through the electric field. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Uribe-Calderon J, Díaz-Arriaga C. The effects of carbon nanotubes, blend composition and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polypropylene compatibilizer on the morphology, mechanical and electrical properties of polypropylene-polyamide 6 blends. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Iyer Ganapathi J, Fisher FT, Kalyon DM. Distributive mixing of carbon nanotubes in poly(caprolactone) via solution and melt processing: Viscoelasticity and crystallization behavior versus mixing indices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank T. Fisher
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken New Jersey07030
| | - Dilhan M. Kalyon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken New Jersey07030
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringChemistry and Biological Sciences, Stevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken New Jersey07030
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31
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Effects of nanoparticles on the morphology of immiscible polymer blends – Challenges and opportunities. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Enhancing the electrical conductivity of carbon black-filled immiscible polymer blends by tuning the morphology. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Gegenhuber T, Krekhova M, Schöbel J, Gröschel AH, Schmalz H. "Patchy" Carbon Nanotubes as Efficient Compatibilizers for Polymer Blends. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:306-310. [PMID: 35614726 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Surface-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become well-established filler materials for polymer nanocomposites. However, in immiscible polymer blends, the CNT-coating is selective toward the more compatible phase, which suppresses their homogeneous distribution and limits harnessing the full potential of the filler. In this study, we show that multiwalled CNTs with a patchy polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS/PMMA) corona disperse equally well in both phases of an incompatible PS/PMMA polymer blend. Unlike polymer-grafted CNTs with a uniform corona, the patchy CNTs are able to adjust their corona structure to the blend phases by selective swelling/collapse of respective miscible/immiscible surface patches. Importantly, the high interfacial activity of patchy CNTs further causes a significant decrease in PMMA droplet size with increasing filler content. The combined effect of compatibilization and homogeneous distribution makes patchy CNTs interesting materials for polymer blend nanocomposites, where next to the compatibilization, a homogeneous filler distribution is important to gain the desired materials property (e.g., reinforcement).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gegenhuber
- Makromolekulare
Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marina Krekhova
- Makromolekulare
Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Judith Schöbel
- Makromolekulare
Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Makromolekulare
Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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34
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Hao X, Kaschta J, Pan Y, Liu X, Schubert DW. Intermolecular cooperativity and entanglement network in a miscible PLA/PMMA blend in the presence of nanosilica. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Arjmand M, Moud AA, Li Y, Sundararaj U. Outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding of silver nanowires: comparison with carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08118a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesized silver nanowire/polystyrene nanocomposites showed superior electrical properties to commercial carbon nanotube/polystyrene nanocomposites at high filler loadings. This was ascribed to the higher metallic nature of silver nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arjmand
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
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