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Wang Z, Chen X, Zhou J, Lin C, Zhao J, Li Q. The effect of a couple-based posttraumatic growth intervention in supporting couples coping with colorectal cancer: A randomized controlled study. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6326. [PMID: 38498049 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To promote posttraumatic growth (PTG) in colorectal cancer (CRC) couples, a couple-based PTG intervention was conducted, and the intervention had previously proved be feasible in CRC couples. The current study was conducted to validate the effects of intervention in CRC couples. METHOD This is a randomized controlled study that included 174 CRC couples. All participants were randomized to either the intervention (usual care plus 5-week PTG intervention, n = 87) or the control group (usual care, n = 87). Data were collected from CRC couple dyads at baseline and immediately post-intervention periods. Primary outcome refers to positive changes, and secondary outcomes include marital satisfaction, quality of life (QOL), and anxiety and depression. Multilevel modeling was applied to analyze the intervention effects. RESULTS Participants in the program showed increased PTG, marital satisfaction, and QOL both physically and mentally, and decreased levels of anxiety and depression over time. And spousal caregivers showed greater improvement in marital satisfaction and physical QOL compared with patients. In addition, significant intervention effects were shown in the participants' benefit finding, physical health and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The study confirmed the effect of the PTG intervention on CRC couples' benefit finding, physical health and depressive symptoms. However, this study only measured outcome variables at two time-points. Future studies should add follow-up assessments to evaluate long-term effects of the intervention in CRC couples. REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2300067809.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junrui Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunyan Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuping Li
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Powling R, Brown D, Tekin S, Billings J. Partners' experiences of their loved ones' trauma and PTSD: An ongoing journey of loss and gain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292315. [PMID: 38354114 PMCID: PMC10866491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic life events can have a profound impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of not only those who directly experience them, but others who are indirectly affected, such as victims' partners. AIMS This study aimed to explore the experiences and views of partners of individuals who have a history of trauma and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with six partners of people who had experienced trauma and were diagnosed with PTSD and awaiting or receiving treatment at a specialist Trauma Service. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. RESULTS One overarching theme resulted from the data: partners experienced trauma and PTSD as an ongoing journey of loss and gain. This was supported by three superordinate themes: making sense of the trauma and ensuing consequences, shifting identities, and accessing and experiencing outside resources. Partners' journeys were characterised by striving and struggling to make sense of the trauma and its ensuing consequences, whilst grappling with the identities of themselves, their partners and relationships shifting over time. Participants navigated their journeys in the context of external resources and support from friends, family, colleagues and professionals. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study highlight the need for greater information and support for partners of people with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Powling
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Dora Brown
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Sahra Tekin
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Billings
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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The Post-Traumatic Growth of Primary Caregivers of Patients after Liver Transplantation. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091617. [PMID: 36141229 PMCID: PMC9498416 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is a very important surgery. In many cases, it involves two loved ones (receiver and donor in the same family) and causes stress and feelings of burden in family caregivers. The purpose of this study was to investigate post-traumatic growth in primary caregivers of liver transplant patients. A cross-sectional research design was adopted to recruit 84 participants. The Perceived Stress Scale, Short-Form Coping Strategies Scale, and Post-traumatic Growth Scale were used. The results revealed that the total score of perceived stress of the main caregivers of liver transplantation was 27.27 ± 6.63; problem-oriented coping and emotion-oriented coping were used as the main coping strategies, and the traumatic growth score was 42.01 ± 13.84. All three variables were significant predictors of post-traumatic growth (F = 13.71, p < 0.05), explaining 38% of the total variance. This study can help nurses understand the post-traumatic growth status and related factors of the main caregivers of liver transplant patients. It can also help caregivers understand their own perceived pressure and then take relevant care measures to reduce the degree of physical and mental load and achieve a balanced state.
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Levkovich I, Hamama-Raz Y, Shinan-Altman S. "A kaleidoscope of relationships" - cervical cancer survivors' perspectives on their intimate relationships: A qualitative study. Palliat Support Care 2022; 21:1-10. [PMID: 35130992 DOI: 10.1017/s147895152100198x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer is known to affect survivors' intimate relationships, as well as their communication and coping. Yet little is known about the perspectives of these survivors on their intimate relationships in the context of their needs during and after medical treatment. Additionally, only a few studies have focused on survivors' perceived needs or on existing psychosexual support. Understanding these perceptions can help provide a tailored response and improve dyadic interventions. The aim of this study was to examine cervical cancer survivors' perspectives on their intimate relationships during and after their treatment. METHOD The present study adopted a qualitative-phenomenological approach. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 survivors of cervical cancer between the ages of 38 and 44 who were diagnosed at stages I-II and were treated with radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy and surgery. Data collection continued until saturation of concepts was reached. The results underwent thematic analysis. RESULTS Analysis of the findings revealed two key themes: (1) Together and apart in the shadow of cervical cancer. This theme focuses on the recovery period as a potential opportunity for changing and improving the couple relationship, such that men no longer withdraw but rather provide their partners with needed support and encouragement. (2) Changes in sexual life and couple intimacy. This theme focuses on changes in sexual relations, which have become a burden, painful, and something to avoid. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The study provides a comprehensive picture of intimate relationships during and after cervical cancer treatment and highlights the women's needs and desires for support from their intimate partners. The discussion notes that oncology providers can better facilitate supportiveness on the part of cervical cancer partners by offering better couple-oriented education and interventions to promote couple communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbar Levkovich
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Oranim Academic College of Education, Kiryat Tivon, Israel
| | - Yaira Hamama-Raz
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel Science Park, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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Paunescu AC, Copie CB, Malak S, Gouill SL, Ribrag V, Bouabdallah K, Sibon D, Rumpold G, Preau M, Mounier N, Haioun C, Jardin F, Besson C. Quality of life of survivors 1 year after the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a LYSA study. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:317-332. [PMID: 34617134 PMCID: PMC8494456 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multidimensional concept including physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functions, disease symptoms, and side effects of treatment. Differences in HRQoL due to gender, existence of comorbidities, and number of chemotherapy cycles are little explored in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) survivors. Our objective was to investigate whether differences in HRQoL in function of these factors exist 1 year after the diagnosis of DLBCL. One hundred and one patients, enrolled in the RT3 (Real-Time Tailored Therapy) Study, answered self-administrated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL-HG29), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) questionnaires. Adjusted means of scores were calculated in multivariate linear regression models. Fifty-seven survivors (mean age of 58.5 years) answered all questionnaires. Women have significantly higher scores of posttraumatic growth and lower physical functioning than men (P < 0.04). Survivors with comorbidities have increased physical fatigue and symptom burden, increased emotional impact, mental fatigue and depression, and reduced physical functioning and global health status (all P < 0.05). A greater number of cycles of chemotherapy increase the level of symptoms (pain, neuropathy, and dyspnoea; P < 0.05). The various aspects related to HRQoL should be discussed with DLBCL patients and investigated, with the aim of developing strategies to ensure appropriate psychosocial and supportive care and to improve the HRQoL in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven Le Gouill
- Service d’hématologie clinique du CHU de Nantes, INSERM CRCINA Nantes-Angers, NeXT Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Ribrag
- DITEP and Hematology department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Krimo Bouabdallah
- Department Hematology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Hôpitaux de Bordeaux CHU, Bordeaux, France
| | - David Sibon
- INSERM UMR 1163 & CNRS URL 8254, Hematology Department, Necker University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Gerhard Rumpold
- Department of Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marie Preau
- UR GRePS, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Institut de Psychologie, Bron, France
| | - Nicolas Mounier
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Archet Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Corinne Haioun
- Lymphoid Malignancies Unit, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, UPEC, Creteil, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Caroline Besson
- Inserm CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, 114 Rue Édouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Hôpital André Mignot, Le Chesnay, 177 Rue de Versailles, 78157 Versailles, France
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Menculini G, Albert U, Bianchini V, Carmassi C, Carrà G, Cirulli F, Dell'osso B, Fabrazzo M, Perris F, Sampogna G, Nanni MG, Pompili M, Sani G, Volpe U, Tortorella A. Did we learn something positive out of the COVID-19 pandemic? Post-traumatic growth and mental health in the general population. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 64:e79. [PMID: 35000665 PMCID: PMC8888429 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background When facing a traumatic event, some people may experience positive changes, defined as posttraumatic growth (PTG). Methods Understanding the possible positive consequences of the pandemic on the individual level is crucial for the development of supportive psychosocial interventions. The present paper aims to: 1) evaluate the levels of PTG in the general population; 2) to identify predictors of each dimension of post-traumatic growth. Results The majority of the sample (67%, N = 13,889) did not report any significant improvement in any domain of PTG. Participants reported the highest levels of growth in the dimension of “appreciation of life” (2.3 ± 1.4), while the lowest level was found in the “spiritual change” (1.2 ± 1.2). Female participants reported a slightly higher level of PTG in areas of personal strength (p < .002) and appreciation for life (p < .007) compared to male participants, while no significant association was found with age. At the multivariate regression models, weighted for the propensity score, only the initial week of lockdown (between 9-15 April) had a negative impact on the dimension of “relating to others” (B = −.107, 95% CI = −.181 to −.032, p < .005), while over time no other effects were found. The duration of exposure to lockdown measures did not influence the other dimensions of PTG. Conclusions The assessment of the levels of PTG is of great importance for the development of ad hoc supportive psychosocial interventions. From a public health perspective, the identification of protective factors is crucial for developing ad-hoc tailored interventions and for preventing the development of full-blown mental disorders in large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Menculini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132Perugia, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34128Trieste, Italy.,Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Clinic, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina-ASUGI, 34128Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Bianchini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Psychiatric Unit: Trattamenti Riabilitativi Psicosociali, Interventi Precoci, TRIP, Psychosocial Rehabilitation Treatment, Early Interventions University Unit, University of L'Aquila, 67100L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, 20126Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, 00161Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell'osso
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, 20157Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, 20142Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Fabrazzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perris
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138Naples, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, 44121Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Volpe
- Clinical Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132Perugia, Italy
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SaiLahari KM, Abhinaya RR, Mutnuru V. Predictors of posttraumatic growth in oncology patients in a tertiary care hospital in rural background. ARCHIVES OF MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_90_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Takedomi Y, Tabuchi Y, Kumagai Y, Sakamoto M, Kosugi T, Kanegae S, Maezato K, Yakabe S. Post-traumatic growth of family members of deceased cancer patients and related factors in Japan: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2021; 55:102058. [PMID: 34757272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines the post-traumatic growth (PTG) of bereaved families who care for cancer patients and related factors in Japan. METHODS Participants included 1298 members of bereaved families of cancer patients (aged 20 or older). An anonymous self-administered questionnaire on PTG, coping, and social support was mailed to 496 bereaved families who provided written informed consent. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 476 bereaved families; however, since 28 families had missing data, 448 were included for the analyses. The mean age of participants was 61.4 years: 69% women and 45% spouses. The average age of the deceased was 72.8 years old for men (59%). The PTG score of the bereaved families was higher for women than for men (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory Score for those above 65 years of age was higher than of those below 65 years of age (p < 0.0001). A regression analysis confirmed that emotion-focused coping, problem-focused coping, relationship with the deceased, advanced age of bereaved families, and emotional support impacted PTG. CONCLUSION The significance of the deceased for the bereaved, bereaved family members being older in age, emotion-focused coping, problem-focused coping, and emotional support suggest that these aspects are associated with psychological growth in terms of accepting the death of a loved one and moving forward. It is necessary to evaluate the relationship between the bereaved family and the deceased, the age and gender of the bereaved, coping behaviors, and support status and establish a higher quality bereaved family care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Takedomi
- Saga University, Institute of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima Saga-City, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Yasuko Tabuchi
- Saga University, Institute of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima Saga-City, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Kumagai
- Saga University, Institute of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima Saga-City, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Maiko Sakamoto
- Saga University, Research and Education Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan
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Mahajan S, Grover S, Chakrabarti S. Caregiving in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A study from North India. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40737-021-00236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Song YY, Liu H, Wang S, Jiang XL. Correlates of posttraumatic growth among spouses of newly diagnosed gynecological cancer survivors: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2021; 54:102039. [PMID: 34537537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite increasing research on posttraumatic growth (PTG) of spouses of cancer patients, and the positive effects of spouses' PTG on both spouses and patients, there is little information on PTG and its correlates among husbands of gynecological cancer survivors, especially those of newly diagnosed survivors. We aimed to assess PTG among spouses of newly diagnosed gynecological cancer survivors and to examine its correlates. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, a total of 400 spouses of newly diagnosed gynecological cancer survivors were recruited and completed questionnaires with information on general characteristics, rumination, self-disclosure, locus of control, and PTG. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. RESULTS The mean score of PTG among the spouses was 57.77 (SD = 12.03). There were significant differences in PTG among spouses with different education levels, marriage duration, number of children, per capita monthly income, other traumatic events within 6 months, and time since diagnosis groups. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that deliberate rumination, self-disclosure, and locus of control were significantly associated with PTG. The multiple regression model revealed that 53.6% of the variance in PTG was explained by marriage duration, time since diagnosis, self-disclosure, deliberate rumination, and internality locus of control. CONCLUSIONS This study was one of the early attempts in evaluating PTG among spouses of newly diagnosed gynecological cancer survivors and identified several significant, potentially modifiable factors (self-disclosure, deliberate rumination, and internality locus of control) associated with PTG, providing an important guide for the development of effective psychosocial interventions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Song
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Song Wang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Nalbant B, Karger A, Zimmermann T. Cancer and Relationship Dissolution: Perspective of Partners of Cancer Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:624902. [PMID: 34093310 PMCID: PMC8177048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cancer can be a burden on the relationship and even lead to relationship dissolution. Previous studies about the impact of cancer on close relationships almost exclusively involve cancer patients. So far, little is known about the views of spouses. Therefore, this study focuses on partners or ex-partners of cancer patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, N = 265 partners or ex-partners of cancer patients are examined regarding a possible separation, the reasons for separation and the influence of the cancer on the relationship. In addition, predictors of separation and the positive or negative perception of the impact of cancer on the relationship were investigated. Results The separation rate (23.4%) was marginally lower than in the general population in Germany (35.79%). The most frequent reason for separation was the death of the cancer patient (59.6%), followed by relationship problems (26.9%), and the cancer disease itself (9.6%). Among those who were separated, 57.4% reported that cancer contributed to the separation. On average, the influence of cancer on relationship dissolution is indicated with 82.9%. Also, for those who stayed together, 83.7% reported an impact of the cancer on the relationship, of which 55.9% reported a negative impact. Logistic regressions indicated that higher levels of depression were associated with greater odds of a more negative perception of the influence of cancer on the relationship, whereas a more satisfied relationship tended to be associated with a more positive perception. Those who had no psychological treatment in the past, lower anxiety levels and lower relationship satisfaction had an increased risk of separation. Overall, relationship satisfaction was significantly lower than in the general population in Germany. Conclusion In particular, psychological factors such as depression and anxiety as well as relationship satisfaction appear to be factors influencing separation and the perception of the influence of cancer on the relationship as positive or negative. Therefore, it seems to be reasonable to consider these aspects in the psychosocial support and also to include the partners in order to achieve a stable and satisfied relationship which has a positive effect on health and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Nalbant
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - André Karger
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Institute for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Zimmermann
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Andreou E, Tsermentseli S, Anastasiou O, Kouklari EC. Retrospective Accounts of Bullying Victimization at School: Associations with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Post-Traumatic Growth among University Students. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2021; 14:9-18. [PMID: 33708278 PMCID: PMC7900279 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-020-00302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective study investigated the association between bullying victimization experiences at school, current post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among Greek university students. A sample of 400 university students aged 17 to 40 years (M age = 20.33, SD = 3.18) completed self-reported scales measuring school bullying victimization experiences, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and post-traumatic growth. Results showed that victims of school bullying reported mild levels of PTSD and moderate feelings of post-traumatic growth. Females presented higher scores of post-traumatic growth. Duration and frequency of victimization of school bullying were found to present a significant effect on PTSD symptoms and PTG, respectively. Post-traumatic growth as a result of school-bullying victimization was related to PTSD symptom severity and this relationship was curvilinear. The findings have implications in terms of informing prospective interventions targeting the enhancement of students' sense of growth for handling peer aggression effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella Tsermentseli
- Department of Psychology, Social Work & Counselling, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, London, SE10 9LS UK
| | | | - Evangelia-Chrysanthi Kouklari
- Department of Psychology, Social Work & Counselling, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, London, SE10 9LS UK
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Harvey J, Berndt M. Cancer caregiver reports of post-traumatic growth following spousal hematopoietic stem cell transplant. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2020; 34:397-410. [PMID: 33190518 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2020.1845432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cancer caregivers are at risk for experiencing health issues due to the stress of caregiving. Despite this, it is possible to prompt adaptive coping during the cancer experience. Adaptive coping is associated with improved health for caregiver populations. Forms of emotional disclosure are associated with caregiver reports of post-traumatic growth (PTG), which is an adaptive coping mechanism that comprises positive change following trauma. This study sought to identify areas of PTG identified by spousal hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) cancer caregivers, via emotional disclosure writings. DESIGN & METHOD Twenty-two spousal caregivers of patients who underwent a (HSCT) submitted emotional disclosure writings three times at one-week intervals. Writings centered on positive outcomes arising in light of the cancer experience. A qualitative grounded theory approach was used to evaluate caregiver accounts of PTG that arose while caring for their spouse. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest seven areas of PTG recognized through the disclosure process: living in the moment, a sense of honor and pride, choosing positivity, uninfluenced self-choice and expression, deprioritizing materialism, personal and/or spiritual connection, and altruistic expansion. The primary theoretical advancement arising from this study includes the notion that PTG largely appears to be a socially dependent process.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02339870..
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Abstract
Family caregivers provide substantial care for patients with advanced cancer, while suffering from hidden morbidity and unmet needs. The objectives of this review were to examine risk factors associated with caregiving for patients with advanced cancer, evaluate the evidence for pertinent interventions, and provide a practical framework for palliative care of caregivers in oncology settings. We reviewed studies examining the association of factors at the level of the caregiver, patient, caregiver-patient relationship, and caregiving itself, with adverse outcomes. In addition, we reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions targeting the caregiver, the caregiver-patient dyad, or the patient and their family. Risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes included those related to the patient's declining status, symptom distress, and poor prognostic understanding; risk factors for adverse bereavement outcomes included unfavorable circumstances of the patient's death. Among the 16 randomized trials, the most promising results showed improvement of depression resulting from early palliative care interventions; results for quality of life were generally nonsignificant or showed an effect only on some subscales. Caregiving outcomes included burden, appraisal, and competence, among others, and showed mixed findings. Only three trials measured bereavement outcomes, with mostly nonsignificant results. On the basis of existent literature and our clinical experience, we propose the CARES framework to guide care for caregivers in oncology settings: Considering caregivers as part of the unit of care, Assessing the caregiver's situation and needs, Referring to appropriate services and resources, Educating about practical aspects of caregiving, and Supporting caregivers through bereavement. Additional trials are needed that are powered specifically for caregiver outcomes, use measures validated for advanced cancer caregivers, and test real-world interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorayya Alam
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Breffni Hannon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camilla Zimmermann
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Perceived relatedness, death acceptance, and demoralization in patients with cancer. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:2693-2700. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Nouzari R, Najafi SS, Momennasab M. Post-Traumatic Growth among Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients and Its Association with Social Support and Hope. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY BASED NURSING AND MIDWIFERY 2019; 7:319-328. [PMID: 31641681 PMCID: PMC6779924 DOI: 10.30476/ijcbnm.2019.73959.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancer not only is a traumatic experience for the patients, but also can affect the family caregivers. Post-traumatic growth (PTG) refers to positive psychological changes experienced by people as a result of a struggle in dealing with traumatic events in life. Both the patients and their caregivers may experience PTG. The present study aimed to assess the extent of PTG in caregivers of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and to examine the relationship between the PTG dimensions and both the social support (SS) and hope.
Methods: The present descriptive correlational study was conducted during May-August 2018 in Shiraz, Iran. The target population included 112 caregivers who visited hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Data collection instruments included a demographic information form, post-traumatic growth inventory, social support appraisals scale, and Miller hope scale. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 23.0). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean score for PTG, hope, and SS was 75.41±16.49, 190.95±24.20, and 89.10±12.84, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between PTG and both SS (P<0.001, r=0.59) and hope (P<0.001, r=0.70). The results of the multiple regression analysis showed a significant relationship between PTG, SS, and hope (P<0.001). Hope had a higher effect on PTG (ẞ=0.62) compared to SS (ẞ=0.27).
Conclusion: The results showed a good level of PTG among the caregivers and the experience of stressful situations positively affected their psychological condition. The positive change was associated with the perceived SS and hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Nouzari
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Najafi
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Momennasab
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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de Moura TC, Donat JC, da Silva TLG, Arteche AX, Lisboa CSDM, Kristensen CH. Validation of the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI) in Brazilian Portuguese. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2019; 41:409-414. [PMID: 31967200 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Experiencing trauma may entail psychopathological consequences, but also changes considered to be positive (i.e., posttraumatic growth). For positive change to occur, an impact on the beliefs of individuals is required, which may be measured through the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI). The objective of this study was to validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the CBI. METHODS A total of 248 university students (65.7% female) answered the following assessment instruments: sociodemographic data sheet, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist - Clinician Version (PCL-5) and the CBI. Psychometric properties of the CBI were assessed by conducting an exploratory factor analysis through a principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and convergent validity (Pearson correlation between instruments) were also investigated. RESULTS The total scale showed adequate internal consistency (α = 0.83). A single factor solution explained 42.63% of the variance of the CBI. Significant correlations were found between CBI and PTGI, and between CBI and PCL-5. CONCLUSION The psychometric properties indicated adequate internal consistency and construct validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the CBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayse Conter de Moura
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Trauma e Estresse (NEPTE), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Candia Donat
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Trauma e Estresse (NEPTE), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Loreto Garcia da Silva
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Trauma e Estresse (NEPTE), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Xavier Arteche
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Trauma e Estresse (NEPTE), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Christian Haag Kristensen
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Trauma e Estresse (NEPTE), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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18
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Leong Abdullah MFI, Hami R, Appalanaido GK, Azman N, Mohd Shariff N, Md Sharif SS. Diagnosis of cancer is not a death sentence: Examining posttraumatic growth and its associated factors in cancer patients. J Psychosoc Oncol 2019; 37:636-651. [PMID: 30821660 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2019.1574946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is the experience of positive psychological growth as a result of struggle with highly challenging life crises. This study was conducted to investigate the degree of PTG and its associated factors, as well as to identify which positive psychological parameters most significantly associated with greater PTG among Malaysian cancer patients. Design, sample, & methods: This cross-sectional survey included 195 patients with different cancer diagnoses. Perceived spousal support, level of hope, level of optimism, and PTG were measured using various validated indexes. Findings: The total mean score for PTG Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF) was 39.87 (±9.09). Female gender, Islamic religious belief, and having higher level of hope and greater spousal support were associated with a higher PTGI-SF score, and the most significant predictor was the hope scale. Conclusions: Malaysian cancer patients exhibited a high level of PTG, and hope was the positive psychological factor which was most significantly associated with PTG. Implications for psychosocial providers: Psychosocial interventions that promote positive psychology should be included in the treatment for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohayu Hami
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kepala Batas , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Gokula Kumar Appalanaido
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kepala Batas , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Nizuwan Azman
- Research and Networking Division, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kepala Batas , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Noorsuzana Mohd Shariff
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kepala Batas , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Siti Shahanis Md Sharif
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kepala Batas , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
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19
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Ochoa Arnedo C, Sánchez N, Sumalla EC, Casellas-Grau A. Stress and Growth in Cancer: Mechanisms and Psychotherapeutic Interventions to Facilitate a Constructive Balance. Front Psychol 2019; 10:177. [PMID: 30778323 PMCID: PMC6369350 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress and growth are common responses to adverse life events such as cancer. In this article, we establish how cancer becomes a "fertile land" for the emergence of stress and growth responses and analyze the main mechanisms involved. Stress-growth responses on adjusting to cancer is potentially determined by factors like the phase of the illness (e.g., initial phases vs. period of survivorship), patient's coping strategies, meaning-making, and relationships with significant others. We also review the mechanisms of constructive and adaptative stress-growth balances in cancer to study the predictors, interrelated associations, triggering mechanisms, long-term results, and specific trajectories of these two responses to cancer. Finally, we update the evidence on the role of these stress-growth associations in psychologically adjusting to cancer. Together with this evidence, we summarize preliminary results regarding the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions that aim to facilitate a constructive psychological balance between stress and growth in cancer patients. Recommendations for future research and gaps in knowledge on stress-growth processes in this illness are also highlighted. Researchers are encouraged to design and use psychotherapeutic interventions according to the dynamic and changeable patients' sources of stress and growth along the illness. Relevant insights are proposed to understand the inconsistency of stress-growth literature and to promote psychotherapeutic interventions to facilitate a constructive balance between these key responses in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ochoa Arnedo
- Psycho-oncology Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Enric C Sumalla
- Psycho-oncology Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Casellas-Grau
- Psycho-oncology Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Abstract
Background: Being diagnosed with cancer and undergoing its treatment are associated with substantial distress that can cause long-lasting negative psychological outcomes. Resilience is an individual's ability to maintain or restore relatively stable psychological and physical functioning when confronted with stressful life events and adversities. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) can be defined as positive life changes that result from major life crises or stressful events. Objectives: The aims of this study were to 1) investigate which factors can strengthen or weaken resilience and PTG in cancer patients and survivors; 2) explore the relationship between resilience and PTG, and mental health outcomes; and 3) discuss the impact and clinical implications of resilience and PTG on the process of recovery from cancer. Methods: A literature search was conducted, restricted to PubMed from inception until May 2018, utilizing the following key words: cancer, cancer patients, cancer survivors, resilience, posttraumatic growth, coping, social support, and distress. Results: Biological, personal, and most importantly social factors contribute to cancer patients' resilience and, consequently, to favorable psychological and treatment-related outcomes. PTG is an important phenomenon in the adjustment to cancer. From the literature included in this review, a model of resilience and PTG in cancer patients and survivors was developed. Conclusions: The cancer experience is associated with positive and negative life changes. Resilience and PTG are quantifiable and can be modified through psychological and pharmacological interventions. Promoting resilience and PTG should be a critical component of cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Seiler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Josef Jenewein
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinic Zugersee, Center for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Oberwil-Zug, Switzerland
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21
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Salimi Kivi M, Jamei-Moghadam M, Khoshlahni H, Heidarzadeh M, Kamran A, Shahabi H. Psychological Changes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. JOURNAL OF HOLISTIC NURSING AND MIDWIFERY 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/hnmj.29.1.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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22
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Kim Y, Mitchell HR, Ting A. Application of psychological theories on the role of gender in caregiving to psycho-oncology research. Psychooncology 2018; 28:228-254. [PMID: 30488661 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer affects both men and women, yet systematic understanding of the role of gender in caregiving and dyadic caregiver-patient interactions is lacking. Thus, it may be useful to review how gender theories apply to cancer caregiving and to evaluate the adequacy of current cancer caregiving studies to the gender theories. METHODS Several databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), PsychINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL, were used for searching articles published in English between 2000 and 2016. The search was restricted by age (≥18) and yielded 602 articles, which were subject to further screen and review based on selection criteria. Of 108 full texts reviewed to determine inclusion eligibility for this review, 55 met the criteria and included for review. RESULTS The reviewed studies supported the "gender role" and "doing gender" perspectives for caregiver selection. The role identity, role strain, and transactional stress theories were supported for predicting caregiving outcomes at the individual level. Furthermore, attachment, self-determination, and interdependence theories incorporated caregiver factors that predicted the patients' outcomes, and vice versa. CONCLUSION Despite limited gender theory-driven research in cancer caregiving and psycho-oncology in general, the utility of gender theories in (a) identifying subgroups of caregiver-patient dyads who are vulnerable to the adverse effects of cancer in the family and (b) developing evidence-based interventions is promising. Integrating broader issues of medical trajectory, lifespan, sociocultural, and biological factors in gender-oriented research and practice in psycho-oncology is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmee Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Amanda Ting
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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23
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The role of post-traumatic growth in promoting healthy behavior for couples coping with cancer. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:829-838. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Camara C, Caroline Vos M, de Rooij BH, Pijnenborg JMA, Boll D, van de Poll-Franse LV, Ezendam NPM. The role of positive psychological changes in anxiety and depression of patients with ovarian tumors and their partners: an observational study from the population-based PROFILES registry. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:423-431. [PMID: 29959575 PMCID: PMC6326010 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose It is unknown whether positive psychological changes (e.g., in life perspective, self-perception, and social relationships) after being diagnosed with ovarian cancer can reduce anxiety and depression in patients and their partners. The first aim of the present study was to assess differences in anxiety and depression between patients diagnosed with an ovarian tumor and their partners. The second aim was to explore the mutual associations of patients’ and partners’ posttraumatic growth and their anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods Participants included 130 Dutch couples of which one partner was diagnosed with a borderline ovarian tumor or ovarian cancer between 2000 and 2010, as registered by the Netherlands Cancer Registry. In September 2011, a questionnaire was sent including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (anxiety and depression) and Cancer Survivors (Partners) Unmet Needs measure (positive psychological changes). Results A one-way multivariate analysis of variance showed that patients reported higher anxiety than partners, without differences in depression. Contrasting to our expectations, an actor-partner interdependence model revealed no mutual dyadic associations between positive psychological changes and anxiety or depressive symptoms. Conclusions Based on these findings, positive psychological change seems to be an independent construct unrelated to anxiety or depression in couples diagnosed with ovarian tumors. Still, as ovarian tumor patients and partners suffer from high anxiety and depression, further research investigating how these feelings can be reduced in couples dealing with an ovarian tumor is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Camara
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - M Caroline Vos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center South, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Belle H de Rooij
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M A Pijnenborg
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorry Boll
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center South, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke V van de Poll-Franse
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole P M Ezendam
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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25
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Samios C, Baran S. Couple adjustment to a stressful life event: a dyadic investigation of the roles of positive reframing and perceived benefits. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2017; 31:188-205. [PMID: 29272954 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2017.1420173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Samios
- Department of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Shayne Baran
- Department of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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26
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Renshaw KD, Campbell SB. Deployment-Related Benefit Finding and Postdeployment Marital Satisfaction in Military Couples. FAMILY PROCESS 2017; 56:915-925. [PMID: 27610953 PMCID: PMC8663022 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has evaluated potential negative effects of military deployments on romantic relationships. Comparatively few studies have examined potential positive effects of such deployments. In stressful situations, benefit finding (BF) has been found to be linked with better functioning on both individual and interpersonal levels. This study reports on deployment-related BF in a sample of 67 male service members (SMs) who deployed at least once since 9/11/2001 and their wives. Couples completed measures of marital satisfaction at baseline (an average of 1 year postdeployment) and follow-up 4-6 months later. At follow-up, SMs also provided data on symptoms of posttraumatic stress, and both partners provided reports of deployment-related BF. Multivariate path analysis controlling for SMs' PTSD symptom severity revealed that wives' BF was positively associated with increases in SMs' relationship satisfaction. These findings suggest that wives' responses to deployment may be more influential than SMs' responses to deployment on military couples' relationships. This pattern indicates that support for spouses during deployments is essential; furthermore, such support should include an emphasis on trying to facilitate personal growth in spouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith D Renshaw
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA
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27
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Pérez-San-Gregorio MÁ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Borda-Mas M, Avargues-Navarro ML, Pérez-Bernal J, Conrad R, Gómez-Bravo MÁ. Post-traumatic growth and its relationship to quality of life up to 9 years after liver transplantation: a cross-sectional study in Spain. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017455. [PMID: 28918413 PMCID: PMC5640137 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known concerning post-traumatic growth (PTG) after liver transplantation. Against this backdrop the current study analysed the relationship between PTG and time since transplantation on quality of life. Furthermore, it compared PTG between liver transplant recipients and their caregivers. DESIGN Cross-sectional case-control study. SETTING University Hospital in Spain. PARTICIPANTS 240 adult liver transplant recipients who had undergone only one transplantation, with no severe mental disease, were the participants of the study. Specific additional analyses were conducted on the subset of 216 participants for whom caregiver data were available. Moreover, results were compared with a previously recruited general population sample. OUTCOME MEASURES All participants completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, and recipients also filled in the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Relevant sociodemographic and clinical parameters were also assessed. RESULTS In the sample of 240 recipients, longer time since transplantation (>9 years) was associated with more pain symptoms (p=0.026). Regardless of duration, recipients showed lower scores on most quality of life dimensions than the general population. However, high PTG was associated with a significantly higher score on the vitality quality of life dimension (p=0.021). In recipients with high PTG, specific quality of life dimensions, such as bodily pain (p=0.307), vitality (p=0.890) and mental health (p=0.353), even equalled scores in the general population, whereas scores on general health surpassed them (p=0.006). Furthermore, liver transplant recipients (n=216) compared with their caregivers showed higher total PTG (p<0.001) and higher scores on the subscales relating to others (p<0.001), new possibilities (p<0.001) and appreciation of life (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the protective role of PTG in the long-term outcome of liver transplant recipients. Future studies should analyse and develop psychosocial interventions to strengthen PTG in transplant recipients and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agustín Martín-Rodríguez
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Borda-Mas
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - José Pérez-Bernal
- Critical Care and Urgencies, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Rupert Conrad
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miguel Ángel Gómez-Bravo
- Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío of Seville, Seville, Spain
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28
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Ávila M, Coimbra JL, Park CL, Matos PM. Attachment and posttraumatic growth after breast cancer: A dyadic approach. Psychooncology 2017; 26:1929-1935. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Ávila
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
- Centre for Psychology; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Joaquim L. Coimbra
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
- Centre for Psychology; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Crystal L. Park
- Department of Psychology; University of Connecticut; Storrs CT USA
| | - Paula M. Matos
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
- Centre for Psychology; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
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29
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Coping style and posttraumatic growth among adult survivors 8 years after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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30
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Autio T, Rissanen S. Positive emotions in caring for a spouse: a literature review. Scand J Caring Sci 2017; 32:45-55. [PMID: 28543793 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article aimed at identifying the positive emotions connected to spouse caregiving and the advantages for spouse carers. Theoretically, the article is based on the concept of emotion and the assumptions of positive psychology. Data search is conducted via electronic literature databases and the analysis method is partly theory-driven and partly inductive content classification. Our analyses discover and clarify the concepts associated with positive emotions in caring, such as the gains of caregiving, benefit-finding, finding meaning, personal growth, post-traumatic growth and resilience. We also utilise a conceptual framework to describe positive emotions in caregiving, and the identified advantages of positive emotions in spouse caregiving include distress buffering, mediation in coping with stress, increased quality of life and well-being, and finding a sense of purpose. Finally, spouse care is seen in this article as a challenging life situation which at best can support personal growth, if the processing of both positive and negative emotions is included in daily life. Hence, the service and support system should be developed further by utilising the findings of positive psychology as well as studies of personal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Autio
- Socca - The Centre of Excellence on Social Welfare in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Rissanen
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Lee M, Kim K, Lim C, Kim JS. Posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors and their husbands based on the actor-partner interdependence model. Psychooncology 2017; 26:1586-1592. [PMID: 27943475 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to verify actor and partner effects, by examining the effects of self-esteem, relationship quality, and subjective distress on posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors and their spouses, and involved a structural analysis of descriptive cause-and-effect relationships to verify the suitability of the actor-partner interdependence model. METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from breast cancer survivors and their spouses at outpatient centers, wards, and patient meetings in 4 general hospitals in Seoul between April 13 and September 20, 2015. Data for 336 individuals (168 couples) were analyzed. The suitability of the hypothetical model was assessed via SPSS Win 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Actor and partner effects on posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors and their spouses were examined. RESULTS Self-esteem, relationship quality, and subjective distress exerted significant actor effects, and subjective distress exerted a significant partner effect on posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors. Relationship quality and support exerted significant actor effects, and self-esteem, relationship quality, and subjective distress exerted significant partner effects on posttraumatic growth in spouses. CONCLUSIONS Posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors was influenced by not only relationship quality and spouses' self- esteem but also subjective distress; therefore, solidarity between breast cancer survivors and their spouses was important and should be maintained to provide healthy relationship support and enhance posttraumatic growth. Further, health care providers should include spouses in health-related education and involve them in interventions and family support programs for couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- MyoSuk Lee
- Department of Nursing, Kyung-Bok University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Lim
- Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Aftyka A, Rozalska-Walaszek I, Rosa W, Rybojad B, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H. Post-traumatic growth in parents after infants’ neonatal intensive care unit hospitalisation. J Clin Nurs 2016; 26:727-734. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aftyka
- Department of Nursing Anesthesia and Intensive Care; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | - Ilona Rozalska-Walaszek
- Department of Nursing Anesthesia and Intensive Care; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | - Wojciech Rosa
- Department of Applied Mathematics; Lublin University of Technology; Lublin Poland
| | - Beata Rybojad
- Department of Expert Medical Assistance with Emergency Medicine Unit; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care; Pediatric University Hospital of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | - Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
- Ist Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
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Mosher CE, Adams RN, Helft PR, O'Neil BH, Shahda S, Rattray NA, Champion VL. Positive changes among patients with advanced colorectal cancer and their family caregivers: a qualitative analysis. Psychol Health 2016; 32:94-109. [PMID: 27775432 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1247839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed positive changes in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and their family caregivers following diagnosis. We compared self-reported positive changes within patient-caregiver dyads as well as self-reports and patient reports of positive changes in caregivers. DESIGN Individual, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 23 patients with advanced colorectal cancer and 23 caregivers. A theoretical thematic analysis of interview transcripts was framed by posttraumatic growth theory. RESULTS Patients and caregivers described five positive changes: closer relationships with others, greater appreciation of life, clarifying life priorities, increased faith, and more empathy for others. Additionally, only caregivers reported better health habits following the cancer diagnosis, and a minority of patients and caregivers reported no positive changes. In about half of cases, patients reported at least one positive change that was identical to that of their caregiver. However, in most cases, patient and caregiver reports of the caregiver's positive change were discrepant. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that positive changes are a shared experience for many patient-caregiver dyads and obtaining both patient and caregiver reports of caregiver positive changes provides a more comprehensive understanding of their experience. Interventions may capitalise on positive changes to promote meaningful living in the context of advanced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Mosher
- a Department of Psychology , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Rebecca N Adams
- b Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Palo Alto , CA , USA
| | - Paul R Helft
- c Department of Medicine , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Bert H O'Neil
- c Department of Medicine , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Safi Shahda
- c Department of Medicine , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Nicholas A Rattray
- d Center for Health Information and Communication , Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Victoria L Champion
- e Department of Community and Health Systems , Indiana University School of Nursing , Indianapolis , IN , USA
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Li Q, Xu Y, Zhou H, Loke AY. Factors influencing the health-related quality of life of Chinese advanced cancer patients and their spousal caregivers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care 2016; 15:72. [PMID: 27484209 PMCID: PMC4971682 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-016-0142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer and its treatment have a major impact on the lives of patients and their intimate partners, such as on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aims of this study are to: (i) assess the HRQOL of advanced cancer patients and spousal caregivers, and explore the relationship between the HRQOL of cancer patients and that of their spousal caregivers; (ii) detect factors influencing the HRQOL of cancer patients and spousal caregivers; and (iii) explore the impact of anxiety and depression on the HRQOL of couples. Methods A total of 131 couples where one of the partners was hospitalized for advanced cancer were invited to complete a survey to assess their demographic and background information, HRQOL, and anxiety and depression. HRQOL was measured using the SF-12, while anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Data were analyzed using a T-test, Pearson correlations, multiple linear regressions, and structural equation modeling. Results In general, the spousal caregivers had higher levels of HRQOL (seven out of eight SF-12 domains and two SF-12 dimensions) p = 0.038–0.000, anxiety (p = 0.002), and depression (p = 0.011) than patients. Correlations of HRQOL between patients and spouses were small to moderate (r = 0.193–0.398). Multiple independent factors influencing the physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), vitality (VT), and role emotional (RE) sections of the SF-12 were identified, including: gender, time since diagnosis, levels of education, working status, the extent to which spousal caregivers were informed about the disease, improved marital relationship after the diagnosis of cancer, and anxiety and depression. For both patients and spousal caregivers, the strongest independent factor influencing HRQOL (SF-12 PCS, MCS, VT, and RE) was anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression may have both actor and partner effects on the HRQOL of couples to various degrees. Conclusions The findings of this study call attention to the HRQOL of couples and its influencing factors. Individual characteristics of cancer patients and spouses, marital relationship, and anxiety and depression are highlighted as areas in which couples coping with cancer could benefit from interventions to improve their HRQOL. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12904-016-0142-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Li
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinghua Xu
- Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiya Zhou
- Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Alice Yuen Loke
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Young J, Snowden A. A systematic review on the factors associated with positive experiences in carers of someone with cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Young
- Edinburgh Napier University; Edinburgh UK
| | - A. Snowden
- Edinburgh Napier University; Edinburgh UK
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When cancer cannot be cured: A qualitative study on relationship changes in couples facing advanced melanoma. Palliat Support Care 2016; 14:652-663. [PMID: 26975832 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951516000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this qualitative study was to gain a deeper understanding about couples' relationship changes over time (the first six months) after one partner is diagnosed with an incurable advanced melanoma (stage III or IV). METHOD In semistructured interviews, eight patients and their partners were asked separately about potential changes in their relationship since diagnosis. The same questions were asked again six months later, but focusing on relationship changes over the preceding six months. Some 32 audiotaped interviews were analyzed applying qualitative content analysis. RESULTS At baseline (t1), relationship changes were mostly reported in terms of caring, closeness/distance regulation, and communication patterns. While changes in caregiving and distance/closeness regulation remained main issues at six months follow-up (t2), greater appreciation of the relationship and limitations in terms of planning spare time also emerged as major issues. Unexpectedly, 50% of patients and partners reported actively hiding their negative emotions and sorrows from their counterparts to spare them worry. Furthermore, qualitative content analysis revealed relationship changes even in those patients and partners who primarily reported no changes over the course of the disease. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Our findings revealed a differentiated and complex picture about relationship changes over time, which also might aid in the development of support programs for couples dealing with advanced cancer, focusing on the aspects of caring, closeness/distance regulation, and communication patterns.
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Lee Y, Tak Y. Experiences of Spouses of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: Finding a Way to Get Out of the Endless Tunnel. ASIAN ONCOLOGY NURSING 2016. [DOI: 10.5388/aon.2016.16.1.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngshin Lee
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngran Tak
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Yi J, Zebrack B, Kim MA, Cousino M. Posttraumatic Growth Outcomes and Their Correlates Among Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer. J Pediatr Psychol 2015; 40:981-91. [PMID: 26286227 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify and examine posttraumatic growth (PTG) experiences, and their correlates, among young adult survivors of childhood cancer. METHODS 602 long-term childhood cancer survivors between the ages of 18 and 39 participated. Their demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, relationship status, employment, and income), cancer-related (diagnosis, current health problem, age at diagnosis, and years since diagnosis), and psychosocial (social support and optimism) PTG correlates were examined using descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses. RESULTS PTG was significantly greater for females and nonwhite survivors, and for those diagnosed at older ages. Survivors diagnosed with solid/soft tissue tumors reported lower PTG. Optimism and social support were positively associated with PTG. CONCLUSION Study findings highlight potential intervention opportunities for increasing PTG by facilitating discussion around growth experiences within an optimistic framework among a supportive network of family members and peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Yi
- College of Social Work, University of Utah,
| | | | - Min Ah Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Myongji University, and
| | - Melissa Cousino
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School
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Gianinazzi ME, Rueegg CS, Vetsch J, Lüer S, Kuehni CE, Michel G. Cancer's positive flip side: posttraumatic growth after childhood cancer. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:195-203. [PMID: 26003421 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2746-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surviving childhood cancer may result in positive psychological changes called posttraumatic growth (PTG). Knowing about the possibility of positive changes may facilitate survivors' reintegration in daily life. We aimed to (1) describe PTG in Swiss childhood cancer survivors including the most and the least common PTG phenomena on the subscale and item levels and (2) determine factors associated with PTG. METHOD Within the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (SCCSS), we sent two questionnaires to childhood cancer survivors registered in the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry (SCCR). Eligible survivors were diagnosed after 1990 at age ≤16 years, survived ≥5 years, and were aged ≥18 years at the time the second questionnaire was sent. We included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) to assess five areas of PTG. We investigated the association of PTG with socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported late effects, and psychological distress, which were assessed in the SCCSS and clinical variables extracted from the SCCR. We used descriptive statistics to describe PTG and linear regressions to investigate factors associated with PTG. RESULTS We assessed PTG in 309 childhood cancer survivors. Most individuals reported to have experienced some PTG. The most endorsed change occurred in "relation with others," the least in "spiritual change." PTG was significantly higher in survivors with older age at diagnosis (p = 0.001) and those with a longer duration of treatment (p = 0.042), while it was lower in male survivors (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Supporting experiences of PTG during follow-up may help survivors successfully return to daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micòl E Gianinazzi
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Corina S Rueegg
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Janine Vetsch
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Lüer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gisela Michel
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland. .,Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Vishnevsky T, Quinlan MM, Kilmer RP, Cann A, Danhauer SC. "The Keepers of Stories": Personal Growth and Wisdom Among Oncology Nurses. J Holist Nurs 2015; 33:326-44. [PMID: 25744357 DOI: 10.1177/0898010115574196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether oncology nurses experience personal growth and wisdom as a result of caring for patients. Using a grounded theory approach, 30 nurses were interviewed regarding their experiences caring for cancer patients. Every nurse in this sample cited at least one example of growth and wisdom. Subthemes of personal growth were largely consistent with the documented domains of posttraumatic growth and included appreciation of life, new perspective on life, relating to others, spiritual/religious growth, and personal strength. Subthemes of wisdom were more varied, reflecting the diversity of this construct in the context of nursing. Benevolence arose as a unifying theme between personal growth and wisdom, with subthemes centering on altruistic attitudes and behavior toward patients and the greater community. Findings suggest that nurses develop personal growth, wisdom, and benevolence as a result of the emotional connections formed with patients and the subsequent struggle to cope with their loss. This process accords well with findings in other populations experiencing trauma and adversity directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Vishnevsky
- Providence Behavioral Health Associates, Providence, Rhode Island, and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte
| | | | | | - Arnie Cann
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte
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Positive Consequences of Cancer: Exploring Relationships among Posttraumatic Growth, Adult Attachment, and Quality of Life. TUMORI JOURNAL 2015; 101:223-31. [DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background Cancer can be a life-threatening illness; however, it can also be a source of positive life changes, the posttraumatic growth (PTG) that comes from struggling with this serious illness. This cross-sectional study examines the sociodemographic and cancer-related predictors of PTG following a diagnosis of cancer. In addition, the relationships among adult attachment, health-related quality of life, and PTG are investigated. Measuring adult attachment is important because it can greatly influence the response to a highly distressing event, like facing cancer. Methods and Study Design Immediately before undergoing radiotherapy, 152 patients with breast or prostate cancer (mean = 59.1 years old, SD = 10.7) who had received a positive diagnosis within an average of 3.5 months prior to treatment were tested for measures of PTG, adult attachment, and health-related quality of life. Patients also completed a questionnaire regarding medical and sociodemographic characteristics. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to reveal the significant predictors of PTG total score and PTG subscale scores. Results Younger age was a significant predictor of the PTG total score and New Possibilities subscale score. Subjective severity of cancer was positively associated with the PTG total score and scores on the Appreciation of Life and New Possibilities subscales. Regarding health-related quality of life, analyses indicated that greater social/family well-being significantly predicted greater PTG total score and higher scores on the New Possibilities, Spiritual Change, Appreciation of Life, and Relating to Others subscales. Finally, dismissive attachment style predicted fewer scores on the Personal Strength and Relating to Others subscales. Conclusions These findings suggest that in addition to quality of life and adult attachment, sociodemographic and cancer-related variables may significantly contribute to positive growth.
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Stutts LA, Bills SE, Erwin SR, Good JJ. Coping and posttraumatic growth in women with limb amputations. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2015; 20:742-52. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2015.1009379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Leong Abdullah MFI, Nik Jaafar NR, Zakaria H, Rajandram RK, Mahadevan R, Mohamad Yunus MR, Shah SA. Posttraumatic growth, depression and anxiety in head and neck cancer patients: examining their patterns and correlations in a prospective study. Psychooncology 2015; 24:894-900. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
- Department of Psychiatry; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Hazli Zakaria
- Department of Psychiatry; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Rama Krsna Rajandram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Raynuha Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Mohd Razif Mohamad Yunus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Azhar Shah
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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The relationship between post traumatic stress disorder and post traumatic growth: gender differences in PTG and PTSD subgroups. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2014; 49:1903-10. [PMID: 24682472 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-014-0865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post traumatic growth (PTG) in 2,300 earthquake survivors 1 year after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PTSD and PTG and also tested for the gender differences in PTSD and PTG subgroups. METHODS A stratification random sampling strategy and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The PTSD was assessed using the PTSD Check list-Civilian and the PTG was assessed using the Post traumatic growth inventory. 2,300 individuals were involved in the initial survey with 2,080 completing the final questionnaire, a response rate of 90.4%. One-way ANOVA analyses were performed to investigate the gender differences in the PTSD and PTG subgroups. RESULTS One year following the earthquake, 40.1 and 51.1% of survivors reported PTSD and PTG, respectively. A bivariate correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive association between PTG and PTSD. The PTG and PTSD variance analysis conducted on female and male subgroups suggested that women were more affected than men. CONCLUSIONS Given the relatively high PTG prevalence, it was concluded that researchers need to pay more attention to the positive outcomes of an earthquake rather than just focusing on the negative effects. The surveys and analyses indicated that psychological intervention and care for the earthquake disaster survivors should focus more on females and older people, who tend to be more adversely affected.
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Cormio C, Romito F, Viscanti G, Turaccio M, Lorusso V, Mattioli V. Psychological well-being and posttraumatic growth in caregivers of cancer patients. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1342. [PMID: 25477853 PMCID: PMC4238371 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although research has shown that many cancer patients report positive life changes following cancer diagnosis, there are few data in the literature related to PTG in caregivers of cancer patients. However, the few studies available have shown that this kind of positive changes can also be experienced by family members. The aims of this study were to explore PTG in caregivers of cancer patients and to investigate correlations between the Posttraumatic growth, psychological status and QoL of caregivers and those of patients, taking into account also clinical and socio-demographic aspects. METHODS We enrolled 60 patient/caregiver pairs in the Department of Medical Oncology of the National Research Center "Giovanni Paolo II" in Bari. Both patients and caregivers were assessed using the following scales: Posttraumatic growth Inventory (PTGI); Hospital anxiety and depression scale; Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36); ECOG Performance Status. Clinical and socio-demographic data were collected. RESULTS Caregivers showed significantly higher scores than patients in the dimension of "personal strength." Furthermore, we found a significantly close association between anxiety and depression of caregivers with those of patients. Younger caregivers were better than older ones in terms of physical activity, vitality, mental health, and social activities. Although the degree of relationship with the patient has no significant effect on the dependent variables of the study, it was found that caregivers with a degree of kinship more distant to the patient have less physical pain than the closest relatives. CONCLUSION RESULTS of the present study show that caregivers of cancer patients may experience post-traumatic growth as the result of their caregiver role. It would be interesting to investigate in future research which factor may mediate the presence of post-traumatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cormio
- Experimental Unit of Psycho-oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Romito
- Experimental Unit of Psycho-oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Viscanti
- Experimental Unit of Psycho-oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Turaccio
- O.U. Medical Oncology, Sen. Antonio Perrino Hospital Brindisi, Italy
| | - Vito Lorusso
- O.U. of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Mattioli
- O.U. of Anestesiology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
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Jeon M, Yoo IY, Kim S, Lee J. Post-traumatic growth in survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Psychooncology 2014; 24:871-7. [PMID: 25382562 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand factors related to post-traumatic growth (PTG) in patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), building baseline data for developing intervention programs to enhance PTG in HSCT survivors. METHODS A self-report survey was administered to 100 patients who received HSCT within the last 5 years. The Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Healthcare Professional's Support Scale were used, as well as items on demographic and clinical characteristics. Standard deviations of frequency and percentage, Chi-squared test between genders, independent t-test, correlation analysis between independent variables and extent of PTG, and regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS The PTG levels of HSCT survivors were statistically significantly higher when participants were women, carried out more religious activities, had higher educational levels, or utilized nurse counseling. The 'intrusive thinking' traumatic impact subcategory, as well as social support and support from healthcare professionals, were found to be highly related to PTG scores. Upon multiple regression analysis, factors with greatest influence on PTG in HSCT survivors were support from healthcare professionals, followed in order, by social support, utilization of nurse counseling, intrusive thinking, and frequency of religious activities. CONCLUSIONS We suggest implementing programs for HSCT patients to enhance support from healthcare professionals and to increase post-traumatic growth through greater utilization of nurse counseling, self-help meetings, and writing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Jeon
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Il Young Yoo
- College of Nursing, Nursing Policy Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sue Kim
- College of Nursing, Nursing Policy Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jehwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
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Yi J, Kim MA. Postcancer experiences of childhood cancer survivors: how is posttraumatic stress related to posttraumatic growth? J Trauma Stress 2014; 27:461-7. [PMID: 25158639 DOI: 10.1002/jts.21941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding posttraumatic growth (PTG) and the factors associated with PTG among cancer survivors is important to improve their quality of life. This study examined PTG among 225 Korean adolescents and young adults between 15 years and 39 years of age who survived childhood cancer (58.5% males and 41.5% females). We explored the relationships between PTG and several sociodemographic and medical variables, and whether the relationships between PTG and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were linear or curvilinear. The Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used to assess PTSD symptoms and PTG, respectively. In addition to the effects of sociodemographic and medical variables, there were linear effects of PDS on PTGI (R(2) change = .03, p = .008). No evidence of a curvilinear relationship between PDS and PTGI was found. Higher PDS scores were associated with lower PTGI scores (β = -.18). Older age (β = .41) and shorter time since diagnosis (β = -.42) were associated with greater PTGI. Understanding the factors that were associated with PTG among Korean adolescent and young adult survivors of cancer adds to the knowledge on PTG and may help develop services to promote PTG in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Yi
- College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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48
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Konkolÿ Thege B, Kovács É, Balog P. A bifactor model of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Health Psychol Behav Med 2014; 2:529-540. [PMID: 25750800 PMCID: PMC4346070 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2014.905208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) is a self-administered measurement instrument designed to provide information concerning positive psychological changes after a traumatic life event. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the PTGI in a Hungarian sample. By examining a bifactor model of the instrument, we also wanted to contribute to the establishment of an evidence-based practice concerning the use of different score types (total score versus subscale scores). Methods: Altogether, 691 Hungarian respondents (82.2% female; Mage = 33.0 ± 13.4 years), who experienced some kind of trauma or loss, participated in this study. Results: A series of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that among the tested first- and second-order models, a bifactor model provided the best-fit to our data (χ2/df = 4.32, Comparative Fit Index = .91, root mean square error of approximation = .07, standardized root mean square residual = .04). Further, the Hungarian version of the PTGI showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .93, omega total = .95, omega hierarchical = .87) and test–retest reliability (r = .90; p < .01) coefficients. However, omega hierarchical coefficients (.14–.40) and explained variance values (.05–.10) for the subscales were low. Conclusions: The present study provided empirical support for the psychometric adequacy of the Hungarian adaptation of the PTGI and suggests that only the total and not the subscale scores of the inventory should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barna Konkolÿ Thege
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary , Canada T2N 1N4 ; Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Éva Kovács
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary ; Department of Social Work, John Wesley Theological College , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Piroska Balog
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
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Positive changes following cancer: posttraumatic growth in the context of other factors in patients with cancer. Support Care Cancer 2014; 22:2023-9. [PMID: 24664358 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-014-2217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of posttraumatic growth (PTG) has mostly been researched after typical traumatic events such as war, violence, bereavement, vehicle accidents, and so forth. This research has shown that PTG also occurs after cancer. This article presents the results of research which focused on PTG and what was related to its incidence, such as the specific reaction to trauma, among patients with hematological cancer (N = 72). The differences in the levels of PTG were analyzed from the perspective of demographic characteristics, characteristics of the disease, and treatment. METHODS PTG was measured using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Czech version (PTGI-CZ). The associated variables were measured using instruments in measuring benefit findings [Benefit Finding Scale for Children-Czech version (BFSC-CZ)], distress tolerance [Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS)], hope [Adult Hope Trait Scale (AHTS)], and optimism [Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R)]. RESULTS Regression analysis found that a higher perception of benefits of the disease (benefit findings) and a greater effort to regulate feelings of distress (distress regulation) explained 67.1% of the variance of PTG. CONCLUSIONS There were no significant differences in the level of PTG in terms of demographic indicators, type of cancer, current state of disease, or type of treatment. It was found that it was important for patients to perceive that their disease had been beneficial in a certain way. It was also important that patients made a great effort to regulate distress, which can occur when coping with the negative consequences of a disease, and at the same time, it is important for the process of PTG.
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Romito F, Goldzweig G, Cormio C, Hagedoorn M, Andersen BL. Informal caregiving for cancer patients. Cancer 2013; 119 Suppl 11:2160-9. [PMID: 23695928 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
According to the recent worldwide estimation by the GLOBOCAN project, in total, 12.7 million new cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths occurred in 2008. The worldwide number of cancer survivors within 5 years of diagnosis has been estimated at be almost 28.8 million. Informal caregivers, such as family members and close friends, provide essential support to cancer patients. The authors of this report provide an overview of issues in the study of informal caregivers for cancer patients and long-term survivors in the United States and Europe, characterizing the caregivers commonly studied; the resources currently available to them; and their unmet needs, their psychosocial outcomes, and the psychosocial interventions tailored to their special circumstances. A broad overview of the state of research and knowledge, both in Europe and the United States, and observations on the directions for future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romito
- Experimental Unit of Psycho-Oncology, Department of Critical Area and Surgery, National Cancer Research Center Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
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