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Guercio AM, Palayam M, Shabek N. Strigolactones: diversity, perception, and hydrolysis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2023; 22:339-360. [PMID: 37201177 PMCID: PMC10191409 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-023-09853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a unique and novel class of phytohormones that regulate numerous processes of growth and development in plants. Besides their endogenous functions as hormones, SLs are exuded by plant roots to stimulate critical interactions with symbiotic fungi but can also be exploited by parasitic plants to trigger their seed germination. In the past decade, since their discovery as phytohormones, rapid progress has been made in understanding the SL biosynthesis and signaling pathway. Of particular interest are the diversification of natural SLs and their exact mode of perception, selectivity, and hydrolysis by their dedicated receptors in plants. Here we provide an overview of the emerging field of SL perception with a focus on the diversity of canonical, non-canonical, and synthetic SL probes. Moreover, this review offers useful structural insights into SL perception, the precise molecular adaptations that define receptor-ligand specificities, and the mechanisms of SL hydrolysis and its attenuation by downstream signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Guercio
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Malathy Palayam
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nitzan Shabek
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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2
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Albanova IA, Zagorchev LI, Teofanova DR, Odjakova MK, Kutueva LI, Ashapkin VV. Host Resistance to Parasitic Plants-Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1447. [PMID: 37050073 PMCID: PMC10096732 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic flowering plants represent a diverse group of angiosperms, ranging from exotic species with limited distribution to prominent weeds, causing significant yield losses in agricultural crops. The major damage caused by them is related to the extraction of water and nutrients from the host, thus decreasing vegetative growth, flowering, and seed production. Members of the root parasites of the Orobanchaceae family and stem parasites of the genus Cuscuta are among the most aggressive and damaging weeds, affecting both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops worldwide. Their control and eradication are hampered by the extreme seed longevity and persistence in soil, as well as their taxonomic position, which makes it difficult to apply selective herbicides not damaging to the hosts. The selection of resistant cultivars is among the most promising approaches to deal with this matter, although still not widely employed due to limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of host resistance and inheritance. The current review aims to summarize the available information on host resistance with a focus on agriculturally important parasitic plants and to outline the future perspectives of resistant crop cultivar selection to battle the global threat of parasitic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanela A. Albanova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyuben I. Zagorchev
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa R. Teofanova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariela K. Odjakova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyudmila I. Kutueva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Vasily V. Ashapkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
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3
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Harnessing plant resistance against Striga spp. parasitism in major cereal crops for enhanced crop production and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review. Food Secur 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-023-01345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractGiven their long-lasting seed viability, 15–20-year lifespan and their high seed production levels, a significant impact of parasitic plant Striga spp. on African food production is inevitable. Over the last decades, climate change has increasingly favoured the adaptability, spread and virulence of major Striga species, S. hermonthica and S. asiatica, across arable land in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). These parasitic weeds are causing important yield losses on several staple food crops and endangering food and nutritional security in many SSA countries. Losses caused by Striga spp. are amplified by low soil fertility and recurrent droughts. The impact of Striga parasitism has been characterized through different phenotypic and genotypic traits assessment of their host plants. Among all control strategies, host-plant resistance remains the most pro-poor, easy-to-adopt, sustainable and eco-friendly control strategy against Striga parasitism. This review highlights the impact of Striga parasitism on food security in SSA and reports recent results related to the genetic basis of different agronomic, pheno-physiological and biochemical traits associated with the resistance to Striga in major African cereal food crops.
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4
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Li C, Dong L, Durairaj J, Guan JC, Yoshimura M, Quinodoz P, Horber R, Gaus K, Li J, Setotaw YB, Qi J, De Groote H, Wang Y, Thiombiano B, Floková K, Walmsley A, Charnikhova TV, Chojnacka A, Correia de Lemos S, Ding Y, Skibbe D, Hermann K, Screpanti C, De Mesmaeker A, Schmelz EA, Menkir A, Medema M, Van Dijk ADJ, Wu J, Koch KE, Bouwmeester HJ. Maize resistance to witchweed through changes in strigolactone biosynthesis. Science 2023; 379:94-99. [PMID: 36603079 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq4775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple crop in Africa, where its yield and the livelihood of millions are compromised by the parasitic witchweed Striga. Germination of Striga is induced by strigolactones exuded from maize roots into the rhizosphere. In a maize germplasm collection, we identified two strigolactones, zealactol and zealactonoic acid, which stimulate less Striga germination than the major maize strigolactone, zealactone. We then showed that a single cytochrome P450, ZmCYP706C37, catalyzes a series of oxidative steps in the maize-strigolactone biosynthetic pathway. Reduction in activity of this enzyme and two others involved in the pathway, ZmMAX1b and ZmCLAMT1, can change strigolactone composition and reduce Striga germination and infection. These results offer prospects for breeding Striga-resistant maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Li
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Dong
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Durairaj
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - J-C Guan
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - M Yoshimura
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland.,Kyoto University, iCeMS, Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - P Quinodoz
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - R Horber
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - K Gaus
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - J Li
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Y B Setotaw
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - J Qi
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - H De Groote
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), PO Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Y Wang
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B Thiombiano
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K Floková
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - A Walmsley
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - T V Charnikhova
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Chojnacka
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - S Correia de Lemos
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.,Plant genomics and transcriptomics group, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, 13506-900 Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Y Ding
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - D Skibbe
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - K Hermann
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - C Screpanti
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - A De Mesmaeker
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - E A Schmelz
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - A Menkir
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320 Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - M Medema
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - A D J Van Dijk
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - J Wu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - K E Koch
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - H J Bouwmeester
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Arellano-Saab A, McErlean CSP, Lumba S, Savchenko A, Stogios PJ, McCourt P. A novel strigolactone receptor antagonist provides insights into the structural inhibition, conditioning, and germination of the crop parasite Striga. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101734. [PMID: 35181340 PMCID: PMC9035408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop parasites of the Striga genera are a major biological deterrent to food security in Africa and are one of the largest obstacles to poverty alleviation on the continent. Striga seeds germinate by sensing small-molecule hormones, strigolactones (SLs), that emanate from host roots. Although SL receptors (Striga hermonthica HYPOSENSITIVE TO LIGHT [ShHTL]) have been identified, discerning their function has been difficult because these parasites cannot be easily grown under laboratory conditions. Moreover, many Striga species are obligate outcrossers that are not transformable, hence not amenable to genetic analysis. By combining phenotypic screening with ShHTL structural information and hybrid drug discovery methods, we discovered a potent SL perception inhibitor for Striga, dormirazine (DOZ). Structural analysis of this piperazine-based antagonist reveals a novel binding mechanism, distinct from that of known SLs, blocking access of the hormone to its receptor. Furthermore, DOZ reduces the flexibility of protein–protein interaction domains important for receptor signaling to downstream partners. In planta, we show, via temporal additions of DOZ, that SL receptors are required at a specific time during seed conditioning. This conditioning is essential to prime seed germination at the right time; thus, this SL-sensitive stage appears to be critical for adequate receptor signaling. Aside from uncovering a function for ShHTL during seed conditioning, these results suggest that future Ag-Biotech Solutions to Striga infestations will need to carefully time the application of antagonists to exploit receptor availability and outcompete natural SLs, critical elements for successful parasitic plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arellano-Saab
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada
| | | | - Shelley Lumba
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter J Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Peter McCourt
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada
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6
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Kyozuka J, Nomura T, Shimamura M. Origins and evolution of the dual functions of strigolactones as rhizosphere signaling molecules and plant hormones. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 65:102154. [PMID: 34923261 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) play roles as a class of plant hormones and rhizosphere signaling chemicals that induce hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and seed germination of parasitic plants. Therefore, SLs have dual functions. Recent progress in genome sequencing and genetic studies of bryophytes and algae has begun to shed light on the origin and evolution of these two functions of SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kyozuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Takahito Nomura
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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7
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Mitra D, Rad KV, Chaudhary P, Ruparelia J, Sagarika MS, Boutaj H, Mohapatra PKD, Panneerselvam P. Involvement of strigolactone hormone in root development, influence and interaction with mycorrhizal fungi in plant: Mini-review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100026. [PMID: 34841317 PMCID: PMC8610314 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant symbiosis. Role AMF in root development and plant growth promotion. AMF influence and plant response under strigolactone (SL) and SL-GR24 application. Effects and functions of SL in root development and interaction with AMF.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant symbiosis is the old, fascinating and beneficial relation that exist on earth for the plants. In this review, we have elaborated that the strigolactones (SLs) are released from the roots and function with root parasite, seeds and symbiotic AMF as contact chemicals. They are transported through the xylem in the plants and can regulate plant architecture, seed germination, nodule formation, increase the primary root length, influence the root hairs and physiological reactions to non-living agents by regulating their metabolism. SLs first evolved in ancient plant lineages as regulators of the basic production processes and then took a new role to maintain the growing biological complexities of terrestrial plant. SLs belongs to a diversified category of butenolide‐bearing plant hormones related to various processes of agricultural concern. SLs also arouses the development of spores, the divergence and enlargement of hyphae of AMF, metabolism of mitochondria, reprogramming of transcription process, and generation of chitin oligosaccharides which further stimulate the early response of symbiosis in the host plant, results from better communication in plant and ability of coexistence with these fungi. The required nutrients are transferred from the roots to the shoots, which affect the physiological, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of the plant. On the other hand, the plant provides organic carbon in the form of sugars and lipids to the fungi, which they use as a source of energy and for carried out different anabolic pathways. SLs also lead to alteration in the dynamic and structure of actin in the root region as well as changes the auxin's transporter localization in the plasma membrane. Thus, this study reveals the functions that SLs play in the growth of roots, as well as their effect and interaction with AMF that promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, 733 134 Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Keyvan Valizadeh Rad
- Soil Science Engineering Department, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resource, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali Road, Jaipur 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Janki Ruparelia
- Microbiology Department, Gujarat Arts and Science College, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380006, Gujarat, India
| | - Mahapatra Smruthi Sagarika
- Microbiology, Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753 006 India
| | - Hanane Boutaj
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Bioengineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Pradeep K Das Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, 733 134 Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India.,Environment Conservation Centre, Raiganj University, Raiganj, 733 134 Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Periyasamy Panneerselvam
- Microbiology, Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753 006 India
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8
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Muchira N, Ngugi K, Wamalwa LN, Avosa M, Chepkorir W, Manyasa E, Nyamongo D, Odeny DA. Genotypic Variation in Cultivated and Wild Sorghum Genotypes in Response to Striga hermonthica Infestation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:671984. [PMID: 34305972 PMCID: PMC8296141 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.671984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Striga hermonthica is the most important parasitic weed in sub-Saharan Africa and remains one of the most devastating biotic factors affecting sorghum production in the western regions of Kenya. Farmers have traditionally managed Striga using cultural methods, but the most effective and practical solution to poor smallholder farmers is to develop Striga-resistant varieties. This study was undertaken with the aim of identifying new sources of resistance to Striga in comparison with the conventional sources as standard checks. We evaluated 64 sorghum genotypes consisting of wild relatives, landraces, improved varieties, and fourth filial generation (F4) progenies in both a field trial and a pot trial. Data were collected for days to 50% flowering (DTF), dry panicle weight (DPW, g), plant height (PH, cm), yield (YLD, t ha-1), 100-grain weight (HGW, g), overall disease score (ODS), overall pest score (OPS), area under Striga number progress curve (ASNPC), maximum above-ground Striga (NSmax), and number of Striga-forming capsules (NSFC) at relevant stages. Genetic diversity and hybridity confirmation was determined using Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArT-seq). Residual heterosis for HGW and NSmax was calculated as the percent increase or decrease in performance of F4 crossover midparent (MP). The top 10 best yielding genotypes were predominantly F4 crosses in both experiments, all of which yielded better than resistant checks, except FRAMIDA in the field trial and HAKIKA in the pot trial. Five F4 progenies (ICSVIII IN × E36-1, LANDIWHITE × B35, B35 × E36-1, F6YQ212 × B35, and ICSVIII IN × LODOKA) recorded some of the highest HGW in both trials revealing their stability in good performance. Three genotypes (F6YQ212, GBK045827, and F6YQ212xB35) and one check (SRN39) were among the most resistant to Striga in both trials. SNPs generated from DArT-seq grouped the genotypes into three major clusters, with all resistant checks grouping in the same cluster except N13. We identified more resistant and high-yielding genotypes than the conventional checks, especially among the F4 crosses, which should be promoted for adoption by farmers. Future studies will need to look for more diverse sources of Striga resistance and pyramid different mechanisms of resistance into farmer-preferred varieties to enhance the durability of Striga resistance in the fields of farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Muchira
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kahiu Ngugi
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lydia N. Wamalwa
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Millicent Avosa
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Wiliter Chepkorir
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eric Manyasa
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Desterio Nyamongo
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Genetic Resources Research Institute, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Damaris A. Odeny
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
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9
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Bouwmeester H, Li C, Thiombiano B, Rahimi M, Dong L. Adaptation of the parasitic plant lifecycle: germination is controlled by essential host signaling molecules. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1292-1308. [PMID: 33793901 PMCID: PMC8133609 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic plants are plants that connect with a haustorium to the vasculature of another, host, plant from which they absorb water, assimilates, and nutrients. Because of this parasitic lifestyle, parasitic plants need to coordinate their lifecycle with that of their host. Parasitic plants have evolved a number of host detection/host response mechanisms of which the germination in response to chemical host signals in one of the major families of parasitic plants, the Orobanchaceae, is a striking example. In this update review, we discuss these germination stimulants. We review the different compound classes that function as germination stimulants, how they are produced, and in which host plants. We discuss why they are reliable signals, how parasitic plants have evolved mechanisms that detect and respond to them, and whether they play a role in host specificity. The advances in the knowledge underlying this signaling relationship between host and parasitic plant have greatly improved our understanding of the evolution of plant parasitism and are facilitating the development of more effective control measures in cases where these parasitic plants have developed into weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harro Bouwmeester
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Changsheng Li
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Thiombiano
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mehran Rahimi
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lemeng Dong
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Miyakawa T, Xu Y, Tanokura M. Molecular basis of strigolactone perception in root-parasitic plants: aiming to control its germination with strigolactone agonists/antagonists. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1103-1113. [PMID: 31587093 PMCID: PMC11104851 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The genus Striga, also called "witchweed", is a member of the family Orobanchaceae, which is a major family of root-parasitic plants. Striga can lead to the formation of seed stocks in the soil and to explosive expansion with enormous seed production and stability once the crops they parasitize are cultivated. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the communication between Striga and their host plants through natural seed germination stimulants, "strigolactones (SLs)", is required to develop the technology for Striga control. This review outlines recent findings on the SL perception mechanism, which have been accumulated in Striga hermonthica by the similarity of the protein components that regulate SL signaling in nonparasitic model plants, including Arabidopsis and rice. HTL/KAI2 homologs were identified as SL receptors in the process of Striga seed germination. Recently, this molecular basis has further promoted the development of various types of SL agonists/antagonists as seed germination stimulants or inhibitors. Such chemical compounds are also useful to elucidate the dynamic behavior of SL receptors and the regulation of SL signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuqun Xu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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11
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Cox DE, Dyer S, Weir R, Cheseto X, Sturrock M, Coyne D, Torto B, Maule AG, Dalzell JJ. ABC transporter genes ABC-C6 and ABC-G33 alter plant-microbe-parasite interactions in the rhizosphere. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19899. [PMID: 31882903 PMCID: PMC6934816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are master regulators of rhizosphere ecology, secreting a complex mixture of compounds into the soil, collectively termed plant root exudate. Root exudate composition is highly dynamic and functional, mediating economically important interactions between plants and a wide range of soil organisms. Currently we know very little about the molecular basis of root exudate composition, which is a key hurdle to functional exploitation of root exudates for crop improvement. Root expressed transporters modulate exudate composition and could be manipulated to develop beneficial plant root exudate traits. Using Virus Induced Gene silencing (VIGS), we demonstrate that knockdown of two root-expressed ABC transporter genes in tomato cv. Moneymaker, ABC-C6 and ABC-G33, alters the composition of semi-volatile compounds in collected root exudates. Root exudate chemotaxis assays demonstrate that knockdown of each transporter gene triggers the repulsion of economically relevant Meloidogyne and Globodera spp. plant parasitic nematodes, which are attracted to control treatment root exudates. Knockdown of ABC-C6 inhibits egg hatching of Meloidogyne and Globodera spp., relative to controls. Knockdown of ABC-G33 has no impact on egg hatching of Meloidogyne spp. but has a substantial inhibitory impact on egg hatching of G. pallida. ABC-C6 knockdown has no impact on the attraction of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens, or the plant growth promoting Bacillus subtilis, relative to controls. Silencing ABC-G33 induces a statistically significant reduction in attraction of B. subtilis, with no impact on attraction of A. tumefaciens. By inoculating selected differentially exuded compounds into control root exudates, we demonstrate that hexadecaonic acid and pentadecane are biologically relevant parasite repellents. ABC-C6 represents a promising target for breeding or biotechnology intervention strategies as gene knockdown leads to the repulsion of economically important plant parasites and retains attraction of the beneficial rhizobacterium B. subtilis. This study exposes the link between ABC transporters, root exudate composition, and ex planta interactions with agriculturally and economically relevant rhizosphere organisms, paving the way for new approaches to rhizosphere engineering and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Elizabeth Cox
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Steven Dyer
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ryan Weir
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Xavier Cheseto
- The International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Matthew Sturrock
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Danny Coyne
- The International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Baldwyn Torto
- The International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Aaron G Maule
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Johnathan J Dalzell
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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12
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Yoshimura M, Fonné‐Pfister R, Screpanti C, Hermann K, Rendine S, Dieckmann M, Quinodoz P, De Mesmaeker A. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Heliolactone. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Yoshimura
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Raymonde Fonné‐Pfister
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Claudio Screpanti
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Katrin Hermann
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Stefano Rendine
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Michael Dieckmann
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Pierre Quinodoz
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Alain De Mesmaeker
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
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13
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Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), a group of plant secondary metabolites, play an important role as a host recognition signal for symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the rhizosphere. SLs promote symbioses with other beneficial microbes, including root nodule bacteria. Root parasitic weeds also take advantage of SLs as a clue to locate living host roots. In plants, SLs function as plant hormones regulating various growth and developmental processes including shoot and root architectures. Plants under nutrient deficiencies, especially that of phosphate, promote SL production and exudation to attract symbionts and to optimize shoot and root architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Yoneyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
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14
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Mohemed N, Charnikhova T, Fradin EF, Rienstra J, Babiker AGT, Bouwmeester HJ. Genetic variation in Sorghum bicolor strigolactones and their role in resistance against Striga hermonthica. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2415-2430. [PMID: 29415281 PMCID: PMC6498397 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum is an important food, feed, and industrial crop worldwide. Parasitic weeds of the genus Striga constitute a major constraint to sorghum production, particularly in the drier parts of the world. In this study we analysed the Striga germination stimulants, strigolactones, in the root exudates of 36 sorghum genotypes and assessed Striga germination and infection. Low germination-stimulating activity and low Striga infection correlated with the exudation of low amounts of 5-deoxystrigol and high amounts of orobanchol, whereas susceptibility to Striga and high germination-stimulating activity correlated with high concentrations of 5-deoxystrigol and low concentrations of orobanchol. Marker analysis suggested that similar genetics to those previously described for the resistant sorghum variety SRN39 and the susceptible variety Shanqui Red underlie these differences. This study shows that the strigolactone profile in the root exudate of sorghum has a large impact on the level of Striga infection. High concentrations of 5-deoxystrigol result in high infection, while high concentrations of orobanchol result in low infection. This knowledge should help to optimize the use of low germination stimulant-based resistance to Striga by the selection of sorghum genotypes with strigolactone profiles that favour normal growth and development, but reduce the risk of Striga infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreldin Mohemed
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tatsiana Charnikhova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emilie F Fradin
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juriaan Rienstra
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdelgabar G T Babiker
- Environment, Natural Resources and Desertification Research Institute, The National Research Center, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Wang Y, Bouwmeester HJ. Structural diversity in the strigolactones. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2219-2230. [PMID: 29522118 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of signalling molecules secreted by the roots of plants into the rhizosphere. On the one hand, they serve as the signal for recruiting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which have a symbiotic relationship with plants. On the other hand, they are also host detection signals for the non-symbiotic, pathogenic, root parasitic plants, which use the SLs as germination stimulants. Finally, recently the SLs were discovered to be a new class of plant hormones that regulate processes such as branching/tillering and root architecture. Intriguingly, >25 different SLs have already been discovered that all have the so-called D-ring but otherwise display many differences in structure and functional groups. In this review, we will critically discuss the structural diversity in the SLs. How are they synthesized in plants; how has this structural diversity possibly evolved; what is the biological relevance of this diversity; and what does this imply for the perception of the SLs by receptors in the plant itself and in other organisms? Finally, we conclude that only little is known about the biological significance of this structural diversity, and we will give an outlook on how to elucidate their importance further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Wang
- Plant hormone biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Plant hormone biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Tsuchiya Y, Yoshimura M, Hagihara S. The dynamics of strigolactone perception in Striga hermonthica: a working hypothesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2281-2290. [PMID: 29474634 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived strigolactones have diverse functions at ecological scale, including effects upon the growth of plants themselves. The parasitic plants from the family Orobanchaceae interfere with the ecological and hormonal functions of strigolactones to generate unique germination abilities based on the sensing of host-derived strigolactones. Although the recent discovery of strigolactone receptors has enabled us to begin elucidating the mechanism of strigolactone perception, how perception relates to plant parasitism is still a mystery. In this review, we explore emerging questions by introducing recent advances in strigolactone research in parasitic plants. We also attempt to construct a conceptual framework for the unique in planta dynamics of strigolactone perception uncovered through the use of fluorescent probes for strigolactone receptors. Understanding the mechanisms of strigolactone-related processes is essential for controlling the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica, which has caused devastating damage to crop production in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Tsuchiya
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Hagihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Samejima H, Sugimoto Y. Recent research progress in combatting root parasitic weeds. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1420427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Samejima
- Division of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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18
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Schlemper TR, Leite MFA, Lucheta AR, Shimels M, Bouwmeester HJ, van Veen JA, Kuramae EE. Rhizobacterial community structure differences among sorghum cultivars in different growth stages and soils. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2017; 93:4002672. [PMID: 28830071 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant genotype selects the rhizosphere microbiome. The success of plant-microbe interactions is dependent on factors that directly or indirectly influence the plant rhizosphere microbial composition. We investigated the rhizosphere bacterial community composition of seven different sorghum cultivars in two different soil types (abandoned (CF) and agricultural (VD)). The rhizosphere bacterial community was evaluated at four different plant growth stages: emergence of the second (day 10) and third leaves (day 20), the transition between the vegetative and reproductive stages (day 35), and the emergence of the last visible leaf (day 50). At early stages (days 10 and 20), the sorghum rhizosphere bacterial community composition was mainly driven by soil type, whereas at late stages (days 35 and 50), the bacterial community composition was also affected by the sorghum genotype. Although this effect of sorghum genotype was small, different sorghum cultivars assembled significantly different bacterial community compositions. In CF soil, the striga-resistant cultivar had significantly higher relative abundances of Acidobacteria GP1, Burkholderia, Cupriavidus (Burkholderiaceae), Acidovorax and Albidiferax (Comamonadaceae) than the other six cultivars. This study is the first to simultaneously investigate the contributions of plant genotype, plant growth stage and soil type in shaping sorghum rhizosphere bacterial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago R Schlemper
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Márcio F A Leite
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Agroecology, Maranhão State University, 65055-970 São Luis, Brazil
| | - Adriano R Lucheta
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Mahdere Shimels
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam (UVA), 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A van Veen
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eiko E Kuramae
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Microbial Ecology, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
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19
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Hegenauer V, Körner M, Albert M. Plants under stress by parasitic plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 38:34-41. [PMID: 28460242 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to other biotic stresses, parasitic plants pose an additional threat to plants and cause crop losses, worldwide. Plant parasites directly connect to the vasculature of host plants thereby stealing water, nutrients, and carbohydrates consequently leading to tremendously reduced biomass and losses in seed yields of the infected host plants. Initial steps to understand the molecular resistance mechanisms and the successes in ancient and recent breeding efforts will provide fundamental knowledge to further generate crop plants that will resist attacks by plant parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Hegenauer
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Max Körner
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Albert
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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20
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Lumba S, Holbrook-Smith D, McCourt P. The perception of strigolactones in vascular plants. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:599-606. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Charnikhova TV, Gaus K, Lumbroso A, Sanders M, Vincken JP, De Mesmaeker A, Ruyter-Spira CP, Screpanti C, Bouwmeester HJ. Zealactones. Novel natural strigolactones from maize. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 137:123-131. [PMID: 28215609 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In the root exudate and root extracts of maize hybrid cv NK Falkone seven putative strigolactones were detected using UPLC-TQ-MS-MS. All seven compounds displayed MS-MS-fragmentation common for strigolactones and particularly the presence of a fragment of m/z 97 Da, which may indicate the presence of the so-called D-ring, suggests they are strigolactones. The levels of all these putative strigolactones increased upon phosphate starvation and decreased upon fluridone (carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor) treatment, both of which are a common response for strigolactones. All seven compounds were subsequently isolated with prep-HPLC-MS. They all exhibited Striga hermonthica seed germination inducing activity just as the synthetic strigolactone analog GR24. The structure of two of the seven compounds was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy as: methyl (2E,3E)-4-(3,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-(((4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methylene)but-3-enoate (two diastereomers 1a and 1b). Strigolactones (1a/b) are closely related to the methyl ester of carlactonoic acid (MeCLA) and heliolactone. However, they contain a unique 4,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one motif as the "A-ring" instead of the classical (di)methylcyclohexene. Because these compounds were isolated from maize (Zea mays) we called them "zealactone 1a and 1b". The implications of this discovery for our view on strigolactones and their biosynthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsiana V Charnikhova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Gaus
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Lumbroso
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Mark Sanders
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain De Mesmaeker
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Carolien P Ruyter-Spira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Screpanti
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Screpanti C, Yoneyama K, Bouwmeester HJ. Strigolactones and parasitic weed management 50 years after the discovery of the first natural strigolactone strigol: status and outlook. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:2013-2015. [PMID: 27700003 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Screpanti
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research Schaffhausenstrasse 101, CH-4332, Switzerland
| | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Wageningen University, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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