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Lee MK, Ryu H, Lee JY, Jeong HH, Baek J, Van JY, Kim MJ, Jung WK, Lee B. Potential Beneficial Effects of Sargassum spp. in Skin Aging. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:540. [PMID: 36005543 PMCID: PMC9410049 DOI: 10.3390/md20080540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are receiving much attention as a rich source of bioactive compounds with cosmeceutical potential. Recent studies have revealed that Sargassum spp., a genus of brown algae in the family Sargassaceae, has multiple functions in preventing and improving skin aging. Sargassum spp. contains many bioactive compounds, such as fucoidan, fucoxanthin, terpenoids, flavonoids, and meroterpenoids. These Sargassum spp. extracts and derivative compounds have excellent potential for skincare, as they exhibit skin health-promoting properties, including antioxidants, anti-inflammation, whitening, skin barrier repair, and moisturizing. Therefore, searching for bioactive compounds in marine resources such as Sargassum spp. could be an attractive approach to preventing and improving skin aging. The current review focused on the various biological abilities of Sargassum extracts or derived compounds for anti-skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Heeyeon Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Hyeon Hak Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Van
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
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2
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Zhou D, Fu Y, Li F, Yang D, Wei L, Yue H, Dai Y, Jeon Y. Treatment of obese zebrafish with saringosterol acetate through AMP activated protein kinase pathway. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200495. [PMID: 35856892 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell, 1931 abbreviated as Sargassum fusiforme was used for folk medical therapy in East Asia countries over five hundred years. Saringosterol acetate (SA) was isolated from S. fusiforme in our previous study and indicated various effects. However, anti-obesity activity of SA and its mechanism still unknown. Method: The inhibitory effect of SA, isolated from S. fusiforme , on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was investigated in vitro and in zebrafish model. Cell toxicity, differentiation, signaling pathway, and lipid accumulation of SA treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were determined. The body weight and triglyceride content of diet-induced obese (DIO) adult male zebrafish were measured from 12 to 17 weeks after fertilization. Result: SA attenuated the differentiation of cells and reduced lipid accumulation, and triglyceride content in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. During the differentiation of adipocytes, SA suppressed fat accumulation and decreased the expression of signal factors responsible for adipogenesis. In SA-treated adipocytes, while fatty acid synthetase was downregulated, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was upregulated. Furthermore, SA suppressed body weight and triglyceride content in DIO zebrafish. CONCLUSION SA is a potential therapeutic agent in the management of metabolic disorders, such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongYue Zhou
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - YunHua Fu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - FangTong Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Di Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - LiNa Wei
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Hao Yue
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, jilin ginseng academy, 1035# boshuo raod, 130117, Changchun, CHINA
| | - YouJin Jeon
- Jeju National University, Marine Science Institute, Jeju 63333, Jeju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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Seo C, Jeong SJ, Yun HJ, Lee HJ, Lee JW, An HW, Han N, Jung WK, Lee SG. Nutraceutical potential of polyphenol-rich Sargassum species grown off the Korean coast: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:971-984. [PMID: 35873381 PMCID: PMC9300800 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum, a brown seaweed, has been used traditionally as food and medicine in Korea, China, and Japan. Sargassum spp. contain bioactive substances associated with health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Thirty Sargassum spp. inhabit the Korean coast. However, their health benefits have yet to be systematically summarized. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to review the health benefits of these 30 Sargassum spp. grown off the Korean coast based on their health benefits, underlying mechanisms, and identified bioactive compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01050-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Jeong
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Yun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ju Lee
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Joo Won Lee
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Hyun Woo An
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Nara Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Sang Gil Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea.,Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
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Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092795. [PMID: 35566145 PMCID: PMC9104634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary skill with elucidated nanoscale particles and their advantages in applications to various fields. Owing to their economical synthesis, biocompatible nature, and widespread biomedical and environmental applications, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using medicinal plants has become a potential research area in biomedical research and functional food formulations. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine to cure several diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). This is the first study in which we examined the efficacy of G. pentaphyllum gold nanoparticles (GP-AuNPs) against obesity and related inflammation. GP extract was used as a capping agent to reduce Au2+ to Au0 to form stable gold nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–VIS spectroscopy, and TEM images were used to analyze morphology. In contrast, the existence of the functional group was measured using FTIR, and size and shape were examined using XRD analysis. In vitro analysis on GP-AuNPs was nontoxic to RAW 264.7 cells and 3T3-L1 cells up to a specific concentration. It significantly decreased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 obese and reduced NO production in Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. The significant adipogenic genes PPARγ and CEPBα and a major pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α expression were quantified using RT-PCR. The GP-AuNPs decreased the face of these genes remarkably, revealing the antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of our synthesized GP-AuNPs. This study represents thorough research on the antiobesity effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum gold nanoparticles synthesized using a green approach and the efficacy instead of related inflammatory responses.
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Shah MD, Venmathi Maran BA, Shaleh SRM, Zuldin WH, Gnanaraj C, Yong YS. Therapeutic Potential and Nutraceutical Profiling of North Bornean Seaweeds: A Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:101. [PMID: 35200631 PMCID: PMC8879771 DOI: 10.3390/md20020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaysia has a long coastline surrounded by various islands, including North Borneo, that provide a suitable environment for the growth of diverse species of seaweeds. Some of the important North Bornean seaweed species are Kappaphycus alvarezii, Eucheuma denticulatum, Halymenia durvillaei (Rhodophyta), Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta), Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum polycystum (Ochrophyta). This review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of North Bornean seaweeds and their nutraceutical profiling. North Bornean seaweeds have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, renal protective and hepatic protective potentials. The protective roles of the seaweeds might be due to the presence of a wide variety of nutraceuticals, including phthalic anhydride, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, 2-pentylthiophene, furoic acid (K. alvarezii), eicosapentaenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, fucoxanthin, β-carotene (E. denticulatum), eucalyptol, oleic acid, dodecanal, pentadecane (H. durvillaei), canthaxanthin, oleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, eicosane (C. lentillifera), pseudoephedrine, palmitic acid, monocaprin (C. racemosa), dictyohydroperoxide, squalene, fucosterol, saringosterol (D. dichotoma), and lutein, neophytadiene, cholest-4-en-3-one and cis-vaccenic acid (S. polycystum). Extensive studies on the seaweed isolates are highly recommended to understand their bioactivity and mechanisms of action, while highlighting their commercialization potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Wahidatul Husna Zuldin
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Charles Gnanaraj
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Yoong Soon Yong
- Laboratory Center, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Potential Prebiotic and Anti-Obesity Effects of Codium fragile Extract. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from marine algae exhibit beneficial biological activities. In this study, we examined the effect of Codium fragile extract (CFE) on prebiotic and anti-obesity activity through in vitro experiments. CFE increases the growth of specific beneficial microbial populations with concomitant decrease in pathogenic microbes. Further, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH activity) after fermentation with CFE as the carbon source were higher than for glucose as the control. Moreover, CFE inhibited adipocyte differentiation by inducing differentiation-related factors when the induction of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes was induced. Therefore, we suggest that CFE can be used as a prebiotic material with an anti-obesity effect for human health.
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Yan Y, Niu Z, Wang B, Zhao S, Sun C, Wu Y, Li Y, Ying H, Liu H. Saringosterol from Sargassum fusiforme Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism and Alleviates Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:485. [PMID: 34564147 PMCID: PMC8466875 DOI: 10.3390/md19090485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis, which can lead to serious health problems, including heart attack and stroke. Liver X receptor (LXR) α and β are transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily, which play important roles in cholesterol homeostasis. Selectively activating LXRβ provides a promising strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we employed atherosclerotic apoE-knockout mice to evaluate the effects of saringosterol, a phytosterol with potent and selective action for LXRβ, which we identified previously in edible marine seaweed Sargassum fusiforme. We found that saringosterol treatment reduced the atherosclerotic plaque burden without having undesirable adverse hepatic effects in apoE-deficient mice fed an atherogenic diet. Meanwhile, reduced serum levels of cholesterol, accompanied by altered expression of LXR-regulated genes involved in cholesterol absorption, transport, efflux, excretion, and elimination, were observed in apoE-knockout mice after saringosterol treatment. Together, our study not only establishes saringosterol as an effective cholesterol-lowering and anti-atherogenic phytosterol but also provides insights into the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhoumin Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Boyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (B.W.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shangge Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (B.W.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuting Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hao Ying
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.N.); (C.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (B.W.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
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Mijiti M, Mori R, Huang B, Tsukamoto K, Kiriyama K, Sutoh K, Nagaoka S. Anti-Obesity and Hypocholesterolemic Actions of Protamine-Derived Peptide RPR (Arg-Pro-Arg) and Protamine in High-Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6J Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:2501. [PMID: 34444660 PMCID: PMC8398848 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary protamine can ameliorate hyperlipidemia; however, the protamine-derived active peptide and its hypolipidemic mechanism of action are unclear. Here, we report the discovery of a novel anti-obesity and hypocholesterolemic peptide, RPR (Arg-Pro-Arg), derived from protamine in mice fed a high-fat diet for 50 days. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the protamine and RPR groups than in the control group. White adipose tissue weight was significantly decreased in the protamine and RPR groups. The fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acid was significantly higher in the protamine and RPR groups than in the control group. We also observed a significant decrease in the expression of hepatic SCD1, SREBP1, and adipocyte FAS mRNA, and significantly increased expression of hepatic PPARα and adipocyte PPARγ1 mRNA in the protamine group. These findings demonstrate that the anti-obesity effects of protamine are linked to the upregulation of adipocyte PPARγ1 and hepatic PPARα and the downregulation of hepatic SCD1 via SREBP1 and adipocyte FAS. RPR derived from protamine has a crucial role in the anti-obesity action of protamine by evaluating the effective dose of adipose tissue weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maihemuti Mijiti
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (M.M.); (R.M.); (B.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Ryosuke Mori
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (M.M.); (R.M.); (B.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Bingyu Huang
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (M.M.); (R.M.); (B.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Kenichiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (M.M.); (R.M.); (B.H.); (K.T.)
| | | | - Keita Sutoh
- Fordays Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-0016, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Satoshi Nagaoka
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (M.M.); (R.M.); (B.H.); (K.T.)
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Combination and tricombination therapy to destabilize the structural integrity of COVID-19 by some bioactive compounds with antiviral drugs: insights from molecular docking study. Struct Chem 2021; 32:1415-1430. [PMID: 33437137 PMCID: PMC7791912 DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic virus has been spreading throughout the world. Until now, no certified drugs have been discovered to efficiently inhibit the virus. The scientists are struggling to find new safe bioactive inhibitors of this deadly virus. In this study, we aim to find antagonists that may inhibit the activity of the three major viral targets: SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (6LU7), SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (6VYB), and a host target human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor (1R42), which is the entry point for the viral encounter, were studied with the prospects of identifying significant drug candidate(s) against COVID-19 infection. Then, the protein stability produced score of less than 0.6 for all residues of all studied receptors. This confirmed that these receptors are extremely stable proteins, so it is very difficult to unstable the stability of these proteins through utilizing individual drugs. Hence, we studied the combination and tricombination therapy between bioactive compounds which have the best binding affinity and some antiviral drugs like chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, simeprevir, baloxavir, lopinavir, and favipiravir to show the effect of combination and tricombination therapy to disrupt the stability of the three major viral targets that are mentioned previously. Also, ADMET study suggested that most of all studied bioactive compounds are safe and nontoxic compounds. All results confirmed that caulerpin can be utilized as a combination and tricombination therapy along with the studied antiviral drugs for disrupting the stability of the three major viral receptors (6LU7, 6VYB, and 1R42).
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Vezza T, Canet F, de Marañón AM, Bañuls C, Rocha M, Víctor VM. Phytosterols: Nutritional Health Players in the Management of Obesity and Its Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121266. [PMID: 33322742 PMCID: PMC7763348 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its related disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular risk, represent an emerging global health issue. Even though genetic factors seem to be the primary actors in the development and progression of these diseases, dietary choices also appear to be of crucial importance. A healthy diet combined with physical activity have been shown to ameliorate glycaemic levels and insulin sensitivity, reduce body weight and the risk of chronic diseases, and contribute to an overall improvement in quality of life. Among nutrients, phytosterols have become the focus of growing attention as novel functional foods in the management of metabolic disorders. Phytosterols are natural plant compounds belonging to the triterpene family and are structurally similar to cholesterol. They are known for their cholesterol-lowering effects, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and the benefits they offer to the immune system. The present review aims to provide an overview of these bioactive compounds and their therapeutic potential in the fields of obesity and metabolic disorders, with special attention given to oxidative stress, inflammatory status, and gut dysbiosis, all common features of the aforementioned diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vezza
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
| | - Francisco Canet
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
| | - Aranzazu M. de Marañón
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (M.R.); (V.M.V.); Tel.: +34-963-189-132 (V.M.V.); Fax: +34-961-622-492 (V.M.V.)
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
- CIBERehd, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (M.R.); (V.M.V.); Tel.: +34-963-189-132 (V.M.V.); Fax: +34-961-622-492 (V.M.V.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (T.V.); (F.C.); (A.M.d.M.)
- CIBERehd, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (M.R.); (V.M.V.); Tel.: +34-963-189-132 (V.M.V.); Fax: +34-961-622-492 (V.M.V.)
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Pacheco D, Araújo GS, Cotas J, Gaspar R, Neto JM, Pereira L. Invasive Seaweeds in the Iberian Peninsula: A Contribution for Food Supply. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E560. [PMID: 33207613 PMCID: PMC7697577 DOI: 10.3390/md18110560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of exotic organisms in marine ecosystems can lead to economic and ecological losses. Globally, seaweeds represent a significant part of these non-indigenous species (NIS), with 407 introduced algal species. Furthermore, the presence of NIS seaweeds has been reported as a major concern worldwide since the patterns of their potential invasion mechanisms and vectors are not yet fully understood. Currently, in the Iberian Peninsula, around 50 NIS seaweeds have been recorded. Some of these are also considered invasive due to their overgrowth characteristic and competition with other species. However, invasive seaweeds are suitable for industrial applications due to their high feedstock. Hence, seaweeds' historical use in daily food diet, allied to research findings, showed that macroalgae are a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds with nutraceutical properties. The main goal of this review is to evaluate the records of NIS seaweeds in the Iberian Peninsula and critically analyze the potential of invasive seaweeds application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pacheco
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.P.); (J.C.); (R.G.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Glacio Souza Araújo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará–IFCE, Campus Aracati, CE 040, km 137,1, Aracati 62800-000, Ceará, Brazil;
| | - João Cotas
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.P.); (J.C.); (R.G.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Rui Gaspar
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.P.); (J.C.); (R.G.); (J.M.N.)
| | - João M. Neto
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.P.); (J.C.); (R.G.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.P.); (J.C.); (R.G.); (J.M.N.)
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12
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Abdelrheem DA, Ahmed SA, Abd El-Mageed HR, Mohamed HS, Rahman AA, Elsayed KNM, Ahmed SA. The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 55:1373-1386. [PMID: 32998618 PMCID: PMC7544954 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1826192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of ten natural bioactive compounds (1-10) as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) by molecular docking analysis. The inhibitory effect of all studied compounds was studied with compared to some proposed antiviral drugs which currently used in COVID-19 treatment such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, baloxvir, lopinavir, and favipiravir. Homology modeling and sequence alignment was computed to evaluate the similarity between the SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease and other SARS-CoV receptors. ADMET properties of all studied compounds were computed and reported. Also, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was performed on the compound which has the highest binding affinity inside 6LU7 obtained from molecular docking analysis to study it is stability inside receptor in explicit water solvent. Based on molecular docking analysis, we found that caulerpin has the highest binding affinity inside all studied receptors compared to other bioactive compounds and studied drugs. Our homology modeling and sequence alignment showed that SARS-CoV main protease (PDB ID: 3TNT) shares high similarity with 3CLpro (96.00%). Also, ADMET properties confirmed that caulerpin obeys Lipinski's rule and passes ADMET property, which make it a promising compound to act as a new safe natural drug against SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease. Finally, MD simulation confirmed that the complex formed between caulerpin and 3CLpro is stable in water explicit and had no major effect on the flexibility of the protein throughout the simulations and provided a suitable basis for our study. Also, binding free energy between caulerpin and 6LU7 confirmed the efficacy of the caulerpin molecule against SARS-CoV-2 main protease. So, this study suggested that caulerpin could be used as a potential candidate in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A. Abdelrheem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
| | - Shimaa A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
| | - H. R. Abd El-Mageed
- Micro-Analysis and Environmental Research and
Community Services Center, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University,
Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hussein S. Mohamed
- Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic
Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
| | - Aziz A. Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of
Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Khaled N. M. Elsayed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science,
Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
| | - Sayed A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
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13
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Feng S, Belwal T, Li L, Limwachiranon J, Liu X, Luo Z. Phytosterols and their derivatives: Potential health‐promoting uses against lipid metabolism and associated diseases, mechanism, and safety issues. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1243-1267. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Feng
- College of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri‐Food Processing, National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research, China National Light IndustryZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
| | - Tarun Belwal
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri‐Food Processing, National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri‐Food Processing, National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
| | - Jarukitt Limwachiranon
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri‐Food Processing, National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingquan Liu
- School of Agriculture and Food SciencesZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University Hangzhou 311300 People's Republic of China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri‐Food Processing, National‐Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Research InstituteZhejiang University Ningbo 315100 People's Republic of China
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang J, Zhou M, Wu T, Fang L, Liu C, Min W. Novel anti-obesity peptide (RLLPH) derived from hazelnut (Corylus heterophylla Fisch) protein hydrolysates inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by regulating adipogenic transcription factors and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 129:259-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Rushdi MI, Abdel-Rahman IAM, Saber H, Attia EZ, Abdelraheem WM, Madkour HA, Hassan HM, Elmaidomy AH, Abdelmohsen UR. Pharmacological and natural products diversity of the brown algae genus Sargassum. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24951-24972. [PMID: 35517468 PMCID: PMC9055232 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03576a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum (F. Sargassaceae) is an important seaweed excessively distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I. Rushdi
- Department of Pharmacognosy
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- South Valley University
- Qena
- Egypt
| | | | - Hani Saber
- Department of Botany and Microbiology
- Faculty of Science
- South Valley University
- Qena
- Egypt
| | - Eman Zekry Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Minia University
- 61519 Minia
- Egypt
| | - Wedad M. Abdelraheem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Minia University
- 61519 Minia
- Egypt
| | - Hashem A. Madkour
- Department of Marine and Environmental Geology
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
- 84511 Hurghada
- Egypt
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
| | - Abeer H. Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
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16
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Zhao B, Cui Y, Fan X, Qi P, Liu C, Zhou X, Zhang X. Anti-obesity effects of Spirulina platensis protein hydrolysate by modulating brain-liver axis in high-fat diet fed mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218543. [PMID: 31220177 PMCID: PMC6586325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirulina platensis is a blue-green algae with potential anti-obesity effects. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of whole Spirulina platensis (WSP), Spirulina platensis protein (SPP) and Spirulina platensis protein hydrolysate (SPPH) were compared in high-fat diet fed mice, and the potential acting mechanism of SPPH was also investigated. Totally, SPPH exhibited good anti-obesity effects (reducing 39.8%±9.7% of body weight), lowering 23.8%±1.6% of serum glucose, decreasing 20.8%±1.4% of total cholesterol, while positive drug Simvastatin had the corresponding values: 8.3%±4.6%, 24.8%±1.9% and -2.1%±0.2%, respectively. Subsequently, PCR array was used to conduct gene expression analysis in brain and liver tissues of SPPH-treated mice, which displayed distinctly different expression pattern. The most markedly changed genes included: Acadm (-34.7 fold), Gcg (2.5 fold), Adra2b (2 fold) and Ghsr (2 fold) in brain; Retn (39 fold), Fabp4 (15.5 fold), Ppard (6 fold) and Slc27a1 (5.4 fold) in liver. Further network analysis demonstrated that the significantly expressed genes in brain and liver tissues were mapped into an interacting network, suggesting a modulatory effect on brain-liver axis, major pathways were involved in the axis: PPAR, adipocytokine, AMPK, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and MAPK. This study showed that Spirulina platensis protein hydrolysate possessed anti-obesity effect in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingli Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujiao Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Qi
- Guangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (PQ)
| | - Chunchen Liu
- Zhongci Health Care Products Technology Development Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Zhou
- Guangzhou Honsea Industry Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (PQ)
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17
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Izzo AA. Herbal medicinal products and obesity: A PTR virtual issue. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1751-1753. [PMID: 31179589 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Covering: January to December 2017This review covers the literature published in 2017 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 740 citations (723 for the period January to December 2017) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 477 papers for 2017), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Geographic distributions of MNPs at a phylogenetic level are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. and Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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19
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Haubrich BA. Microbial Sterolomics as a Chemical Biology Tool. Molecules 2018; 23:E2768. [PMID: 30366429 PMCID: PMC6278499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has become a powerful tool in chemical biology. Profiling the human sterolome has resulted in the discovery of noncanonical sterols, including oxysterols and meiosis-activating sterols. They are important to immune responses and development, and have been reviewed extensively. The triterpenoid metabolite fusidic acid has developed clinical relevance, and many steroidal metabolites from microbial sources possess varying bioactivities. Beyond the prospect of pharmacognostical agents, the profiling of minor metabolites can provide insight into an organism's biosynthesis and phylogeny, as well as inform drug discovery about infectious diseases. This review aims to highlight recent discoveries from detailed sterolomic profiling in microorganisms and their phylogenic and pharmacological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad A Haubrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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