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Song Z, Wang Z, Cai J, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Tan J, Gu L. Down-regulating lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 relieves type II alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis during one-lung ventilation via modulating miR-129-5p/HMGB1 axis induced pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3578-3596. [PMID: 38488667 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) maintains vascular homeostasis and is destroyed after one-lung ventilation (OLV)-induced lung injury. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critically involved in various lung injuries. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in OLV-induced lung injury and LPS-induced type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) apoptosis. METHODS The rat OLV model was established, and the effects of KCNQ1OT1 on OLV-induced ALI in vivo were explored. Bax and Caspase-3 expression in rat lung tissues was measured by immunochemistry (IHC). AECIIs were isolated from rat lungs and treated with LPS or normal saline (control) for in vitro analysis. The expression of KCNQ1OT1, miR-129-5p, and HMGB1 was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blot (WB). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) and flow cytometry. The downstream targets of KCNQ1OT1 were predicted by bioinformatics, and the binding relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-129-3p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The potential target of miR-129-5p was further explored on the Targetscan website and revealed to target HMGB1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or WB was adopted to determine the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, heparanase (HPA), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), heparan sulfate (HS) and syndecan-1 (SDC-1). RESULTS KCNQ1OT1 and HMGB1 were up-regulated during OLV-induced lung injury, and their expression was positively correlated. KCNQ1OT1 knockdown reduced OLV-induced pulmonary edema and lung epithelial cell apoptosis, increased vascular permeability, reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, and SOD levels and glycocalyx markers by targeting miR-129-5p or upregulating HMGB1. Overexpressing KCNQ1OT1 promoted cell apoptosis, reduced cell proliferation, aggravated inflammation and oxidative stress, and up-regulated HMGB1, HPA and MMP9 in LPS-treated AECIIs, while the HMGB1 silencing showed the opposite effects. MiR-129-5p mimics partially eliminated the KCNQ1OT1-induced effects, while recombinant HMGB1 restored the effects of miR-129-5p overexpression on AECIIs. Additionally, KCNQ1OT1 was demonstrated to promote the activation of the p38 MAPK/Akt/ERK signaling pathways in AECIIs via HMGB1. CONCLUSION KCNQ1OT1 knockdown alleviated AECII apoptosis and EG damage during OLV by targeting miR-129-5p/HMGB1 to inactivate the p38 MAPK/Akt/ERK signaling. The findings of our study might deepen our understanding of the molecular basis in OLV-induced lung injury and provide clues for the targeted disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghuan Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
| | - Jiaqin Cai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yihu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yueyi Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lianbin Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sweed NM, Zaafan MA, El-Bishbishy MH, Dawoud MHS. The pulmonary protective potential of vanillic acid-loaded TPGS-liposomes: modulation of miR-217/MAPK/NF-κb signalling pathway. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:255-268. [PMID: 38647544 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2335166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The aim is to investigate the possible pulmonary protective effect of vanillic acid (VA) in liposome-TPGS nanoparticles, to overcome VA's poor bioavailability. VA was successfully extracted. Liposomes were prepared using thin film hydration. Central composite design was adopted for optimisation of liposomes to get the maximum entrapment efficiency (EE%) and the minimum mean diameter, where the liposomes were further modified with TPGS, and tested for PDI, zeta-potential, and in-vitro drug release. In-vivo study on mice with LPS-acute pulmonary toxicity was tested. TPGS-modified VA-liposomes showed EE% of 69.35 ± 1.23%, PS of 201.7 ± 3.23 nm, PDI of 0.19 ± 0.02, and zeta-potential of -32.2 ± 0.32 mv. A sustained drug release of the TPGS-modified VA-liposomes was observed compared to standard VA, and a pulmonary-protective effect through decreasing miR-217 expression with subsequent anti-inflammatory effect through suppression of MAPK and PI3K/NF-κB pathways was also demonstrated in the current study. TPGS-modified VA-liposomes showed an enhanced bioavailability and a sustained drug release with promising pulmonary protective effects against acute pulmonary injury diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila M Sweed
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6 October, Egypt
| | - Mai A Zaafan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6 October, Egypt
| | - Mahitab H El-Bishbishy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6 October, Egypt
| | - Marwa H S Dawoud
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6 October, Egypt
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Yimam M, Horm T, O’Neal A, Jiao P, Hong M, Brownell L, Jia Q, Lin M, Gauthier A, Wu J, Venkat Mateti K, Yang X, Dial K, Zefi S, Mantell LL. A Standardized Botanical Composition Mitigated Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury and Reduced Mortality through Extracellular HMGB1 Reduction. Molecules 2023; 28:6560. [PMID: 37764336 PMCID: PMC10538186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 is a key late inflammatory mediator upregulated during air-pollution-induced oxidative stress. Extracellular HMGB1 accumulation in the airways and lungs plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung injury. Decreasing extracellular HMBG1 levels may restore innate immune cell functions to protect the lungs from harmful injuries. Current therapies for air-pollution-induced respiratory problems are inadequate. Dietary antioxidants from natural sources could serve as a frontline defense against air-pollution-induced oxidative stress and lung damage. Here, a standardized botanical antioxidant composition from Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu was evaluated for its efficacy in attenuating acute inflammatory lung injury and sepsis. Murine models of disorders, including hyperoxia-exposed, bacterial-challenged acute lung injury, LPS-induced sepsis, and LPS-induced acute inflammatory lung injury models were utilized. The effect of the botanical composition on phagocytic activity and HMGB1 release was assessed using hyperoxia-stressed cultured macrophages. Analyses, such as hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining for lung tissue damage evaluation, ELISA for inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, Western blot analysis for proteins, including extracellular HMGB1, and bacterial counts in the lungs and airways, were performed. Statistically significant decreases in mortality (50%), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and chemokines (CINC-3) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and increased bacterial clearance from airways and lungs; reduced airway total protein, and decreased extracellular HMGB1 were observed in in vivo studies. A statistically significant 75.9% reduction in the level of extracellular HMGB1 and an increase in phagocytosis were observed in cultured macrophages. The compilations of data in this report strongly suggest that the botanical composition could be indicated for oxidative-stress-induced lung damage protection, possibly through attenuation of increased extracellular HMGB1 accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Yimam
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Teresa Horm
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Alexandria O’Neal
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Ping Jiao
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Mei Hong
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Lidia Brownell
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Mosi Lin
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Alex Gauthier
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Kranti Venkat Mateti
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Xiaojian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Katelyn Dial
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Sidorela Zefi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Lin L. Mantell
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
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Hu T, Li L, Ma Q. Research Progress of Immunomodulation on Anti-COVID-19 and the Effective Components from Traditional Chinese Medicine. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:1337-1360. [PMID: 37465964 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has posed a threat to the health of people around the world because of its strong transmission and high virulence. Currently, there is no specific medicine for the treatment of COVID-19. However, for a wide variety of medicines used to treat COVID-19, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a major role. In this paper, the effective treatment of COVID-19 using TCM was consulted first, and several Chinese medicines that were frequently used apart from their huge role in treating it were found. Then, when exploring the active ingredients of these herbs, it was discovered that most of them contained flavonoids. Therefore, the structure and function of the potential active substances of flavonoids, including flavonols, flavonoids, and flavanes, respectively, are discussed in this paper. According to the screening data, these flavonoids can bind to the key proteins of SARS-CoV-2, 3CLpro, PLpro, and RdRp, respectively, or block the interface between the viral spike protein and ACE2 receptor, which could inhibit the proliferation of coronavirus and prevent the virus from entering human cells. Besides, the effects of flavonoids on the human body systems are expounded on in this paper, including the respiratory system, digestive system, and immune system, respectively. Normally, flavonoids boost the body's immune system. However, they can suppress the immune system when over immunized. Ultimately, this study hopes to provide a reference for the clinical drug treatment of COVID-19 patients, and more TCM can be put into the market accordingly, which is expected to promote the development of TCM on the international stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China
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Chulrik W, Jansakun C, Chaichompoo W, Supaweera N, Tedasen A, Punsawad C, Kimseng R, Rayanil KO, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Protective effects of Stephania pierrei tuber-derived oxocrebanine against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01231-y. [PMID: 37129718 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) have high mortality rates. Though corticosteroids are commonly used for the treatment of these conditions, their efficacy has not been conclusively demonstrated and their use can induce various adverse reactions. Hence, the application of corticosteroids as therapeutic modalities for ALI/ARDS is limited. Meanwhile, the aporphine alkaloid oxocrebanine isolated from Stephania pierrei tubers has demonstrated anti-inflammatory efficacy in murine/human macrophage cell lines stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Accordingly, the primary objectives of the present study are to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of oxocrebanine on LPS-induced murine alveolar epithelial (MLE-12) cells and its efficacy against LPS-induced murine ALI. Results show that oxocrebanine downregulates the abundance of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, as well as the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, protein kinase B (Akt), and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta signalling proteins in LPS-induced MLE-12 cells. Moreover, in a murine ALI model, oxocrebanine lowers lung injury scores and lung wet/dry weight ratios while reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. It also suppresses LPS-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma. Moreover, oxocrebanine downregulates NF-κB, SAPK/JNK, p38, and Akt phosphorylation in the lung tissues of LPS-treated mice. Taken together, the foregoing results show that oxocrebanine provides significant protection against LPS-induced ALI in mice primarily by suppressing various inflammatory signalling pathways in alveolar epithelial cells and lung tissues. Hence, oxocrebanine might prove effective as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Aman Tedasen
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Rungruedi Kimseng
- Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Kanok-On Rayanil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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Zhang F, Ke C, Zhou Z, Xu K, Wang Y, Liu Y, Tu J. Scutellaria baicalensis Pith-decayed Root Inhibits Macrophage-related Inflammation Through the NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway to Alleviate LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:493-507. [PMID: 35716667 DOI: 10.1055/a-1878-5704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the representative "lung heat syndromes" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Scutellaria baicalensis is an herbal medicine used in TCM for treating lung diseases, due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. When used in TCM, S. baicalensis root is divided into two categories: S. baicalensis pith-not-decayed root (SN) and S. baicalensis pith-decayed root (SD). Compared to SN, SD has a better effect on lung diseases. We constructed a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model to study the pharmacodynamic mechanism of SD. The ethanolic extract of Scutellaria baicalensis pith-decayed root (EESD) significantly affected LPS-induced ALI by reducing alveolar interstitial thickening, pulmonary edema, and other pathological symptoms, decreasing the infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, and inhibiting IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 transcription and translation. Furthermore, in the THP-1 macrophage model induced by LPS, EESD inhibited the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor inhibitory protein alpha (p-IκBα), phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB P65 (p-p65), cleaved-caspase-1, cleaved-IL-1β protein, and the release of inflammatory factors in the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, inhibiting macrophage function. In vivo experiments yielded similar results. Therefore, the present study clarified the potential of EESD in the treatment of ALI and revealed its potential pharmacodynamic mechanism by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and suppressing the pro-inflammatory phenotype activation of lung tissue macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chang Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Kang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yanju Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jiyuan Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Protective Effects of Atractylodis lancea Rhizoma on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416134. [PMID: 36555773 PMCID: PMC9781712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome caused by an excessive inflammatory response characterized by intractable hypoxemia both inside and outside the lung, for which effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. Atractylodis rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine, has excellent anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties in addition to protecting the integrity of the cellular barrier. However, few studies of Atractylodis rhizoma for the treatment of ALI have been published, and its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, the chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of Atractylodis rhizoma (EEAR) was initially clarified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after which it was studied in vivo using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat model. Treatment with EEAR significantly reduced the lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, neutrophil infiltration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) formation, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) depletion in rats with ALI, thereby improving lung barrier function and effectively reducing lung injury. In addition, EEAR significantly reduced histopathological changes, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors (such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)), and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing inflammation. In addition, EEAR was found to also reduce oxidative stress in ALI by upregulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). EEAR also reduced LPS-induced inflammatory factor expression in THP-1 cells in vitro by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduced damage from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in THP-1 cells by promoting the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets HO-1 and NQO-1, the molecular mechanism of which was consistent with in vivo observations. Therefore, we conclude that EEAR attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways to alleviate LPS-induced ALI, suggesting that Atractylodis rhizoma is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of ALI.
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Tong Y, Yu C, Chen S, Zhang X, Yang Z, Wang T. Trans-anethole exerts protective effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute jejunal inflammation of broilers via repressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102397. [PMID: 36565631 PMCID: PMC9801195 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of trans-anethole (TA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute jejunal inflammation model of broilers. A total of 160 one-day-old broilers (male; Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into four treatment groups with 8 replicates of 5 birds each. On d 20, the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight LPS solution and the equal amount of sterile saline were intraperitoneally injected into LPS-challenged and unchallenged broilers, respectively. Compared with the control group, LPS decreased (P < 0.05) the villus height (VH) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VCR) but increased (P < 0.05) the crypt depth (CD), meanwhile, enhanced (P < 0.01) the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) but decreased (P < 0.01) the level of interleukin-10 (IL-10). The group supplemented with 600 mg/kg of TA had lower (P < 0.01) CD and higher (P < 0.01) VCR than the LPS group. TA increased (P < 0.01) the level of IL-10 and decreased (P < 0.01) the level of IL-1β. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), TNF-α were up-regulated (P < 0.05) and the levels of IL-10 and inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) were down-regulated (P < 0.05) by LPS as compared with the control group. TA down-regulated (P < 0.05) the increased mRNA expression levels of genes caused by LPS, as well as up-regulated (P < 0.05) the levels of IL-10 and IκBα. Furthermore, LPS down-regulated (P < 0.05) and up-regulated (P < 0.05) the protein expression levels of IκBα and NF-κB p65, respectively. TA up-regulated (P < 0.05) the level of IκBα and down-regulated (P < 0.05) the level of NF-κB p65. The conclusion of this study is that TA could exert protective effect on the LPS-induced acute jejunal inflammation of broilers via repressing the activation of NF-κB and the 600 mg/kg is the optimal dose against LPS-induced acute jejunal inflammation of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Tong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xianglei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zaibin Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018 Shandong, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China,Corresponding author:
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Effect of Dietary Fructus mume and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on the Fecal Microbiota and Its Correlation with Apparent Nutrient Digestibility in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182418. [PMID: 36139277 PMCID: PMC9495044 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been demonstrated to exert a therapeutic effect on various diseases and has been used as a substitute for antibiotics in pig production. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and apparent nutrient digestibility when weaned piglet diets are supplemented with TCM. One hundred and sixty-two 25-day-old weaning piglets were housed in an environmentally controlled nursery facility and fed a basal diet (control group, n = 54) or a TCM complex (Fructus mume 1%, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi 3%) (TCM group, n = 54), or a fermented diet with a complex of these two TCMs (F-TCM group, n = 54). Compared with the control group, in the TCM and F-TCM groups, the average daily gain (ADG) increased (p < 0.05), the F:G ratio and diarrhea rate decreased (p < 0.05), and the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) and ether extract (EE) of weaned piglets increased (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla, representing approximately 95% of all sequences. The abundance of four genera and 10 OTUs (belonging to Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnoclostridium, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31 group, Prevotella_1) were negatively correlated with apparent EE digestibility (p < 0.05). The results suggest that weaned piglets fed with antibiotic-free diets supplemented with Fructus mume and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi gained more weight and were healthier. When added to the diet, the complex of these two TCMs may have a direct impact on apparent EE digestibility by modifying the gut microbial composition, which favors the health of weaned piglets.
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Quality Evaluation of Market Acacia catechu by Fingerprint-Chemical Pattern Recognition. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8179108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd, a leguminous plant, is included in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is mainly used to treat eczema, mouth ulcers, diarrhea, bruising, and traumatic hemorrhage. However, there are imported and domestic Acacia catechu samples available in China, and their quality and price are very different, which seriously affects the safety and stability of their clinical application. Importantly, there is no simple and effective method for identifying or classifying grades of Acacia catechu. In this study, 47 batches of commercial Acacia catechu were used for identifying or classifying grades of Acacia catechu using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with chemometric analysis. Firstly, gradient elution was adopted with 0.05% phosphoric acid water (A)-methanol (B) as the mobile phase to establish chromatographic conditions. The HPLC chromatograms of 47 batches of Acacia catechu samples were analyzed by the “Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM” software (version 2012A). The common peaks of Acacia catechu were identified to evaluate the similarity. Based on the determination results of fingerprint chromatographic peak area, the quality of the collected Acacia catechu was evaluated by chemometric methods such as CA, PCA, and OPLS-DA. The results showed that the collected Acacia catechu samples were significantly divided into three categories. The first-class samples were all imported Acacia catechu except S9 sample, which was domestic Acacia catechu; the second-class samples were partly domestic Acacia catechu and partly imported Acacia catechu; and the third-class samples were all domestic Acacia catechu. Moreover, OPLS-DA of 47 batches of samples showed that the contents of catechin and the total contents of catechin and epicatechin could be used as key indicators for assessing the quality of Acacia catechu. The developed HPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis method of multi-indicator components can be used for classification and quality evaluation of market Acacia catechu, which has a significant reference value for developing Acacia catechu grade quality standards.
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Protective and therapeutic effects of Scutellaria baicalensis and its main active ingredients baicalin and baicalein against natural toxicities and physical hazards: a review of mechanisms. Daru 2022; 30:351-366. [PMID: 35870110 PMCID: PMC9715893 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) has been traditionally used to combat a variety of conditions ranging from ischemic heart disease to cancer. The protective effects of SB are due to the action of two main flavonoids baicalin (BA) and baicalein (BE). This paper aimed to provide a narrative review of the protective and antidotal effects of SB and its main constituents against natural toxicities and physical hazards. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Scientific databases Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched, based on different keywords for in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies which reported protective or therapeutic effects of SB or its constituents in natural and physical toxicities. RESULTS Numerous studies have reported that treatment with BE, BA, or total SB extract prevents or counteracts the detrimental toxic effects of various natural compounds and physical hazards. The toxic agents include mycotoxins, lipopolysaccharide, multiple plants and animal-derived substances as well as physical factors which negatively affected vital organs such as CNS, liver, kidneys, lung and heart. Increasing the expression of radical scavenging enzymes and glutathione content as well as inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic mediators were important mechanisms of action. CONCLUSION Different studies on the Chinese skullcap have exhibited that its total root extract, BA or BE can act as potential antidotes or protective agents against the damage induced by natural toxins and physical factors by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the scarcity of high-quality clinical evidence means that further clinical studies are required to reach a more definitive conclusion.
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12
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Feng T, Zhang M, Xu Q, Song F, Wang L, Gai S, Tang H, Wang S, Zhou L, Li H. Exploration of molecular targets and mechanisms of Chinese medicinal formula Acacia Catechu -Scutellariae Radix in the treatment of COVID-19 by a systems pharmacology strategy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4210-4229. [PMID: 35859316 PMCID: PMC9349561 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). In China, the Acacia catechu (AC)‐Scutellariae Radix (SR) formula has been widely used for pulmonary infection in clinical practice for several centuries. However, the potential role and mechanisms of this formula against COVID‐19 remains unclear. The present study was designed to dissect the active ingredients, molecular targets, and the therapeutic mechanisms of AC‐SR formula in the treatment of COVID‐19 based on a systems pharmacology strategy integrated by ADME screening, target prediction, network analysis, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Finally, Quercetin, Fisetin(1‐), kaempferol, Wogonin, Beta‐sitosterol, Baicalein, Skullcapflavone II, Stigmasterol were primarily screened to be the potentially effective active ingredients against COVID‐19. The hub‐proteins were TP53, JUN, ESR1, MAPK1, Akt1, HSP90AA1, TNF, IL‐6, SRC, and RELA. The potential mechanisms of AC‐SR formula in the treatment of COVID‐19 were the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway and IL‐17 signaling pathway, etc. Furthermore, virtual docking revealed that baicalein, (+)‐catechin and fisetin(1‐) exhibited high affinity to SARS‐CoV‐2 3CLpro, which has validated by the FRET‐based enzymatic inhibitory assays with the IC50 of 11.3, 23.8, and 44.1 μM, respectively. And also, a concentration‐dependent inhibition of baicalein, quercetin and (+)‐catechin against SARS‐CoV‐2 ACE2 was observed with the IC50 of 138.2, 141.3, and 348.4 μM, respectively. These findings suggested AC‐SR formula exerted therapeutic effects involving “multi‐compounds and multi‐targets.” It might be working through directly inhibiting the virus, improving immune function, and reducing the inflammatory in response to anti‐COVID‐19. Ultimately, this study would provide new perspective for discovering potential drugs and mechanisms against COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Song
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Libin Wang
- School of Medicine, Shaanxi Energy Institute, Xianyang, China
| | - Shouchang Gai
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Pharmacological Effects of Polyphenol Phytochemicals on the Intestinal Inflammation via Targeting TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136939. [PMID: 35805952 PMCID: PMC9266441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TLR4/NF-κB is a key inflammatory signaling transduction pathway, closely involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory response. Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), the first mammalian TLR to be characterized, is the innate immune receptor that plays a key role in inflammatory signal transductions. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), the TLR4 downstream, is the key to accounting for the expression of multiple genes involved in inflammatory responses, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans is a chronic inflammatory disease with high incidence and prevalence worldwide. Targeting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway might be an effective strategy to alleviate intestinal inflammation. Polyphenol phytochemicals have shown noticeable alleviative effects by acting on the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in intestinal inflammation. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects of more than 20 kinds of polyphenols on intestinal inflammation via targeting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. We expected that polyphenol phytochemicals targeting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway might be an effective approach to treat IBD in future clinical research applications.
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14
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Yu C, Wang D, Li Q, Tong Y, Yang Z, Wang T. Trans-anethole ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation via suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in IEC-6 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108872. [PMID: 35617845 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of trans-anethole (TA) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) injury and the potential mechanisms. The cells were pretreated with TA (0 and 1 mM) for 24 h, prior to stimulation by LPS (1 mg/mL) for 24 h. Compared with the control group (CON), LPS stimulus resulted in decreased cell viability, intestinal barrier injury, increased cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. These effects triggered by LPS were reversed by TA. In order to reveal the main genes and pathways involved among the groups, transcriptome analysis was performed to identify the differential expression genes (DEGs) among the treatment groups. There were a total of 493 DEGs (275 upregulated and 218 downregulated) that were identified between the LPS and CON group. Meanwhile, a total of 361 DEGs (103 regulated and 258 downregulated) were identified in the LPS+TA group compared with the LPS group. The results showed that the DEGs were mostly enriched in immune related pathways, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, NF-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, antigen processing and presentation, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Based on the results of RNA-sequencing, further investigation of the signaling pathway involved revealed that TA could inhibit the activation of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in LPS-induced IEC-6 cells. In conclusion, this finding demonstrated a functional role of TA in intestinal epithelial cells injury and indicated that TA may be a potential strategy for treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiming Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichun Tong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Zaibin Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No.61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China.
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15
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Tong Y, Yu C, Xie Z, Ziang X, Yang Z, Wang T. Trans-anethole ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver inflammation in broilers via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101962. [PMID: 35690001 PMCID: PMC9192971 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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16
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Yu C, Wang D, Tong Y, Li Q, Yang W, Wang T, Yang Z. Trans-Anethole Alleviates Subclinical Necro-Haemorrhagic Enteritis-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Intestinal Inflammation in Broilers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:831882. [PMID: 35387091 PMCID: PMC8977854 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the alleviative potential of trans-anethole (TA) on the impaired intestinal barrier and intestinal inflammation and its regulatory effects on gut microbiota in broilers with subclinical necro-hemorrhagic enteritis (NE) challenge. Subclinical NE challenge led to a severe decline in the 21-day body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), but an increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and intestinal lesion score of birds compared with controls (P < 0.05). Compared with the subclinical NE group, the TA administration group exhibited lower (P < 0.05) intestinal lesion score and crypt depth (CD), serum diamine oxidase activity, and D-lactate concentration, but higher (P < 0.05) intestinal tight junction protein expressions, villus height (VH), VH/CD, and numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells. The administration of TA also inhibited (P < 0.05) the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) but increased (P < 0.05) jejunal IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration. TA inclusion also led to a remarkable reduction of intestinal NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IκBα) degradation and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) translocation. Moreover, TA modulated the cecal microbiota abundance and diversity of NE birds, as confirmed by reducing the phylum Firmicutes and genera Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group when supplemented at 600 mg/kg and reducing genera Butyricicoccus, Oscillibacter, and Flavonifractor when supplemented at 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Supplementation of TA in broiler diets could alleviate subclinical NE infection by restoring intestinal barrier integrity, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota. A 600-mg/kg dose of TA is the optimum concentration for ameliorating subclinical NE in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yichun Tong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiming Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiren Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zaibin Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Ji S, Xu F, Zhu R, Wang C, Guo D, Jiang Y. Mechanism of Yinqin Oral Liquid in the Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis Based on Network Pharmacology. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:4413-4421. [PMID: 34707348 PMCID: PMC8542895 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s324139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Yinqin oral liquid (YOL) has curative effect for upper respiratory tract infections, especially for chronic pharyngitis (CP). Since the traditional Chinese herbal formulae are complicated, the pharmacological mechanism of YOL remains unclear. The aim of this work was to explore the active ingredients and mechanisms of YOL against CP. Methods First, the profile of putative target of YOL was predicted based on structural and functional similarities of all available YOL components, which were obtained from the Drug Bank database, to the known drugs using TCMSP. The chemical constituents and targets of honeysuckle, scutellaria, bupleurum and cicada were searched by TCMSP, CTD, GeneCards and other databases were used to query the CP-related genes, which were searched by UniProt database. Thereafter, the interactions network between compounds and overlapping genes was constructed, visualized, and analyzed by Cytoscape software. Finally, pathway enrichment analysis of overlapping genes was carried out on Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) platform. Results The pathway enrichment analysis showed 55 compounds and 113 corresponding targets in the compound-target network, and the key targets involved PTGS1, ESR2, GSK3β, NCOA2, ESR1. The PPI core network contained 30 proteins, including VEGFA, IL6, ESR1, RELA and HIF1A. A total of 148 GO items were obtained (p<0.05), 102 entries on biological process (BP), 34 entries on biological process (BP) and 12 entries on cell composition (CC) were included. A total of 46 signaling pathways were obtained by KEGG pathway enrichment screening (p<0.05), involving cancer, PI3K-AKT, hepatitis, proteoglycans, p53, HIF-1 signaling pathways. Conclusion These results collectively indicate YOL (including the main ingredients luteolin and baicalein) as a highly effective therapeutic agent for anti-inflammation, through the NF-kB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Ji
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Zhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,The Health Supervision Institute of Suzhou High-Tech Zone, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongkai Guo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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18
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Yan Z, Liqiong S, Yingduo Y, Jin Q, Boyang Y. Application of multi-dimensional and multi-informational (MD-MI) integrated xanthine oxidase and superoxide anion fingerprint in quality evaluation of Scutellariae Radix. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113595. [PMID: 32905858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A multi-hyphenated analytical method that was successfully established in previous research was applied to quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to verify its feasibility in complex systems. Scutellariae Radix (SR), which significantly protects against oxidative damage from ischemia and reperfusion, was selected as the TCM for this study. A dual-activity detection system based on xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibition and superoxide anion (O2-) scavenging activity was used to generate a multi-dimensional-multi-informational (MD-MI) integrated fingerprint of SR. Combined with HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis, 17 active compounds in SR were tentatively identified by comparison with reference substances or literature data. The quality of SR from different habitats was comprehensively and systematically evaluated in respect of chemical composition, XOD inhibition and O2- scavenging activity. It was confirmed that SR contains many antioxidants and XOD inhibitory substances with diverse functions. Among them, baicalin, norwogonin-7-O-glucuronide and baicalein are the main contributors to direct antioxidant activity. Acteoside, 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxy-8,6'-dimethoxy flavone, baicalin and baicalein are the main XOD inhibitory components of SR. Comprehensive analysis found that the antioxidant activity of SR from Gansu Province was superior to that from other provinces in terms of both XOD inhibition and O2- scavenging activity. It has been demonstrated that the method is capable of analyzing complex TCM matrices, and can provide a useful reference for establishing quality control of TCM from the perspective of MD-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yan
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Sun Liqiong
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yang Yingduo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Qi Jin
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yu Boyang
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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19
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Song JW, Long JY, Xie L, Zhang LL, Xie QX, Chen HJ, Deng M, Li XF. Applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. and its probably potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19: a review. Chin Med 2020; 15:102. [PMID: 32994803 PMCID: PMC7517065 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (SB) is a common heat-clearing medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It has been used for thousands of years in China and its neighboring countries. Clinically, it is mostly used to treat diseases such as cold and cough. SB has different harvesting periods and processed products for different clinical symptoms. Botanical researches proved that SB included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1st, 2020) was consistent with the medicinal SB described in ancient books. Modern phytochemical analysis had found that SB contains hundreds of active ingredients, of which flavonoids are its major components. These chemical components are the material basis for SB to exert pharmacological effects. Pharmacological studies had shown that SB has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, liver protection, etc. The active ingredients of SB were mostly distributed in liver and kidney, and couldn't be absorbed into brain via oral absorption. SB's toxicity was mostly manifested in liver fibrosis and allergic reactions, mainly caused by baicalin. The non-medicinal application prospects of SB were broad, such as antibacterial plastics, UV-resistant silk, animal feed, etc. In response to the Coronavirus Disease In 2019 (COVID-19), based on the network pharmacology research, SB's active ingredients may have potential therapeutic effects, such as baicalin and baicalein. Therefore, the exact therapeutic effects are still need to be determined in clinical trials. SB has been reviewed in the past 2 years, but the content of these articles were not comprehensive and accurate. In view of the above, we made a comprehensive overview of the research progress of SB, and expect to provide ideas for the follow-up study of SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Song
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Jia-Ying Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Qing-Xuan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Hui-Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Mao Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Xiao-Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137 China
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20
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Ran M, Cha C, Xu Y, Zhang H, Yang Z, Li Z, Wang S. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex supplementation improves reproductive performance, serum biochemical parameters, and anti-oxidative capacity in periparturient dairy cows. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:647-656. [PMID: 32930627 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1819823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex (TCHMC) on the productive performance of periparturient dairy cows. Eighteen non-lactating pregnant Holstein dairy cows with similar body conditions with 1 to 2 parity were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6), receiving a basal diet with 0 (CON group), 200 (T-200 group), and 300 (T-300 group) g TCHMC per day from 14 to 9 days prepartum. The results demonstrated that TCHMC treatments decreased the days of gestation, calving to first service, and calving to first visible estrus. Compared with CON at specific time points, TCHMC treatments increased the concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), whereas progesterone (P4) and E2 concentrations decreased. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations were downregulated, whereas that of globulin (GLB) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were upregulated by TCHMC treatments around the time of calving. Compared with CON and T-200 treatments, the T-300 treatment increased the serum concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration from 7 d prepartum to 21 d postpartum when. In addition, although TCHMC treatment had no effect on average birth weight, heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature of calves, the T-300 treatment increased serum albumin (ALB) and IgG concentrations in calves from 3 to 14 days postpartum. The addition of TCHMC used in the present study could serve as a potential effective strategy to improve the health and productive performance of periparturient dairy cows, and the optimal dose should be set at 300 g per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoliang Ran
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Cha
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Youtao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zecao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhicai Li
- Hunan Deren Husbandry Company Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Shuilian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Changsha, China
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