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Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Tsakiri M, Baliou S, Fragkiadaki P, Vakonaki E, Tzatzarakis MN, Tsatsakis A, Symvoulakis EK. Benefits of Quercetin on Glycated Hemoglobin, Blood Pressure, PiKo-6 Readings, Night-Time Sleep, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3504. [PMID: 38930033 PMCID: PMC11205103 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a rapidly growing global morbidity issue with high prevalence, and the associated dysglycemia leads to complications. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience elevated anxiety levels, affecting their quality of life and diabetes management. This study investigated quercetin, a nutraceutical and potential senolytic with antioxidant activity, to detect its possible positive effect on the bio-clinical measurements and routine health of patients with T2DM. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the clinical usefulness of quercetin in patients with T2DM receiving non-insulin medications. One hundred participants were stratified by age and sex (1:1) and randomized to control (n = 50) or intervention (n = 50) groups. The control received standard care only, while the intervention received 500 mg quercetin daily for 12 weeks, followed by an 8-week washout and a final consecutive 12-week supplementation period (total: 32 weeks), as adjunct to their usual care. Comprehensive health assessments, including blood analyses, were conducted at baseline and study termination. Quality of life and anxiety were assessed using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST-10). Results: Eighty-eight patients with T2DM concluded the trial. Compared with the control, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels showed a significant decrease (Δ%-change: -4.0% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.011). Quercetin also significantly improved PiKo-6 readings (FEV1: 5.6% vs. -1.5%, p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (-5.0% vs. -0.2%, p = 0.029), night-time sleep (11.6% vs. -7.3%, p < 0.001), anxiety levels (SAST-10) (-26.2% vs. 3.3%, p < 0.001), and quality of life (SF-36) (both physical and mental components, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the current open-label study, quercetin appears to be a promising supplement for T2DM, providing lifestyle and care support. Further research is warranted to shift this potential from clinical usefulness and feasibility to multidisciplinary evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini E. Mantadaki
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
| | - Maria Tsakiri
- Iatrica, Local Unit of Lab Analysis and Diagnostics Network, 71303 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Manolis N. Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Emmanouil K. Symvoulakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
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Roza JM, Srivastava S. Effect of SophorOx ® on Oxidative Stress and Body Composition in Individuals with High BMI: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2221-2234. [PMID: 38854444 PMCID: PMC11162634 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s452451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of SophorOx® (LN-OS-22) on oxidative stress and body composition in adults with excessive body weight and obesity. Participants and Methods The 56-days randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multi-centric clinical trial had individuals aged 30-60 years with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 to ≤34.9 kg/m2. 68 participants were randomly allocated to LN-OS-22 or placebo groups. The primary outcome was improvement in the oxidative stress. Secondary outcomes were changes in plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, weight and waist circumference, inflammatory markers, and quality of life. Results At day 56, a statistically significant change in the 8-Isoprostane levels between LN-OS-22 vs placebo was observed (p = 0.0222). As compared to placebo, at the end of study, statistically significant reductions were demonstrated in body weight, waist circumference and BMI in the LN-OS-22 group (p < 0.0001). Also, a statistically significant change when compared to placebo for the energy/stamina domain (p = 0.0300) of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite-Clinical Trials Version (IWQOL-Lite-CT) questionnaire was depicted in LN-OS-22 group. Conclusion The study demonstrates that LN-OS-22 was effective in reducing the oxidative stress, anthropometrics and improving the quality of life in individuals with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Roza
- Research & Development, Layn Natural Ingredients, Irvine, CA, 92602, USA
| | - Shalini Srivastava
- Clinical Development Department, Vedic Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Farazi MM, Rostamzadeh F, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Moazam Jazi M, Jafari E, Gharbi S. CircPAN3/miR-221/PTEN axis and apoptosis in myocardial Infarction: Quercetin's regulatory effects. Gene 2024; 909:148316. [PMID: 38401834 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The circular RNA/microRNA/mRNA axis is a new layer of non-coding RNA(ncRNA)-based regulatory gene expression networks upstream of numerous cell signaling pathways. Circular RNAPAN3 (circPAN3) is involved in autophagy, fibrosis and apoptosis which are responsible for the reduction incardiac functional capacityfollowingmyocardial infarction(MI). However, the molecular mechanism of circPAN3 association with apoptosis is unknown. In addition, the relationship between quercetin as a cardioprotective factor in MI and circular RNA-dependent regulatory pathways has not yet been elucidated. MI was induced in Wistar rats using the left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation method. One day after surgery, quercetin (30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneal (IP) every other day for two weeks. The expression of circPAN3 was increased in the MI group (P < 0.05). The increase in circPAN3 was accompanied by a decrease in miR-221 (P < 0.0001), an increase in PTEN (P < 0.0001), and cleaved caspase 3 (P < 0.001). Quercetin effectively reduced the expression of circPAN3 (P < 0.05), PTEN (P < 0.0001), and cleaved caspase 3 (P < 0.001), and increased the expression of miR-221 (P < 0.0001) and the ratio of p-AKT to p-PI3K (P < 0.001). The circPAN3/miR-221/PTEN pathway is an ncRNA-dependent apoptotic pathway in MI cardiac tissue. Quercetin effectively modulated this pathway, resulting in a reduction of cardiac tissue death and improvement in cardiac function after MI. This suggests that the circPAN3/miR-221 axis plays a role in apoptosis in MI, and quercetin can act as a protective candidate by modulating this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mojtaba Farazi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeideh Jafarinejad-Farsangi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Maryam Moazam Jazi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Gharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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Tang J, Song T, Kuang M, Liu H. Analysis of online prescription patterns in Chinese patients with sequelae of cerebral infarction: a real-world study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11962. [PMID: 38796623 PMCID: PMC11127947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infarction (CI) is a common cerebrovascular disease worldwide, and the burden caused by the sequelae of CI has increased significantly. However, current treatment guidelines lack standardized recommendations for pharmacotherapy of sequelae of CI. This retrospective study collected and analyzed 1.98 million prescriptions concerning sequelae of CI from patients admitted to Zhiyun Health Internet Hospital in 2022. The mean age of patients was 66.2 ± 11.4 years, and 52.40% were male. 79.73% had one or more comorbidities. For treatment, the prescriptions of 1-, 2- and ≥ 3-drug accounted for 64.55%, 23.77% and 11.68% respectively. Chinese patent medicine (CPM) prescriptions, western medicine (WM) prescriptions, and CPM and WM combined (CPM + WM) prescriptions accounted for 53.81%, 27.33%, and 18.86% respectively. In CPM prescriptions, the most frequently prescribed medications were Salvia miltiorrhiza (34.81%), Ginkgo biloba (24.96%), Panax notoginseng (20.67%), Gastrodia (7.15%) and Ligusticum Wallichii (4.90%). For WM prescriptions, the most commonly prescribed agents were anti-hypertensive (32.82%), anti-thrombotic (16.06%), vasodilator (15.70%), anti-dementia (10.88%), and lipid-lowering (9.58%) drugs. Among CPM + WM prescriptions, 72.61% had CPM/WM = 1, 21.20% had CPM/WM < 1, and 6.19% had CPM/WM > 1. This research utilized real-world data extracted from internet hospitals in China to present valuable evidence of online prescription patterns among patients experiencing sequelae of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tang
- Hangzhou Kang Ming Information Technology Co., Ltd, 401 Building 4, Haichuang Park 998 Wenyi West Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Song
- Hangzhou Kang Ming Information Technology Co., Ltd, 401 Building 4, Haichuang Park 998 Wenyi West Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Hangzhou Kang Ming Information Technology Co., Ltd, 401 Building 4, Haichuang Park 998 Wenyi West Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongying Liu
- Hangzhou Kang Ming Information Technology Co., Ltd, 401 Building 4, Haichuang Park 998 Wenyi West Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Ungurianu A, Zanfirescu A, Margină D. Exploring the therapeutic potential of quercetin: A focus on its sirtuin-mediated benefits. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2361-2387. [PMID: 38429891 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
As the global population ages, preventing lifestyle- and aging-related diseases is increasing, necessitating the search for safe and affordable therapeutic interventions. Among nutraceuticals, quercetin, a flavonoid ubiquitously present in various plants, has garnered considerable interest. This review aimed to collate and analyze existing literature on the therapeutic potentials of quercetin, especially its interactions with SIRTs and its clinical applicability based on its bioavailability and safety. This narrative review was based on a literature survey spanning from 2015 to 2023 using PUBMED. The keywords and MeSH terms used were: "quercetin" AND "bioavailability" OR "metabolism" OR "metabolites" as well as "quercetin" AND "SIRTuin" OR "SIRT*" AND "cellular effects" OR "pathway" OR "signaling" OR "neuroprotective" OR "cardioprotective" OR "nephroprotective" OR "antiatherosclerosis" OR "diabetes" OR "antidiabetic" OR "dyslipidemia" AND "mice" OR "rats". Quercetin demonstrates multiple therapeutic activities, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties are well-established. At a molecular level, it majorly interacts with SIRTs, particularly SIRT1 and SIRT6, and modulates numerous signaling pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects. These pathways play roles in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy regulation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose utilization, fatty acid oxidation, and genome stability. However, clinical trials on quercetin's effectiveness in humans are scarce. Quercetin exhibits a wide range of SIRT-mediated therapeutic effects. Despite the compelling preclinical data, more standardized clinical trials are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on addressing its bioavailability and safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Ungurianu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Margină
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
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Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Vafeiadi M, Anastasiou F, Tsatsakis A, Symvoulakis EK. The Impact of Three-Month Quercetin Intake on Quality of Life and Anxiety in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: An Early Data Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e58219. [PMID: 38745810 PMCID: PMC11091546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a high-prevalence, major chronic metabolic disease demanding effective interventions. Quercetin, a phytochemical with potential health benefits, has garnered interest for its therapeutic properties. AIM This study was designed to capture the early efficacy and clinical safety aspects following quercetin administration in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The main study involved a randomized allocation procedure to assign non-insulin-treated patients attending the 4th Health Unit of Heraklion to intervention and control groups based on age and sex. The intervention group (n=50) received 500 mg of quercetin daily for 12 + (8 free intervals) + 12 weeks, alongside their usual treatment, while the control group (n=50) did not. After randomization, for the intermediary 12-week follow-up, data from 38 patients (intervention: 20; control: 18) were analyzed in this report. All subjects provided informed consent for the collection of anthropometric measurements, vital signs, daily habits data, and PiKo-6 spirometric readings. Additionally, participants responded to the Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST) and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires. RESULTS Thirty-eight participants were included (60% men and 40% women in the intervention group; 38.9% men and 61.1% women in the control group). In the treatment arm, Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) measured with PiKo-6 showed a Δ%- change for the intervention arm: +6.8%, control: -0.2% (p=0.059), systolic blood pressure; intervention: -7.4%, control: -3.7% (p=0.117), waist circumference; intervention: -1.5% control: -0.7% (p=0.455) and night-time sleep; intervention: +5.3%, control: +1.4% (p=0.926) were favourably influenced. The treatment group exhibited significant enhancements in both anxiety levels assessed by the anxiety symptoms scale (SAST-10, p=0.026) and quality of life evaluated by the SF-36 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Positive evidence is emerging for a pleiotropic effect of quercetin intake in patients with T2DM, specifically in terms of anxiety reduction and amelioration of life quality, in just 12 weeks of administration and without adverse effects, indicating clinical safety and underscoring its potential for integration in T2DM supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Foteini Anastasiou
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Morphology, Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Emmanouil K Symvoulakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
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Xu H, Yu S, Lin C, Dong D, Xiao J, Ye Y, Wang M. Roles of flavonoids in ischemic heart disease: Cardioprotective effects and mechanisms against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155409. [PMID: 38342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are extensively present in fruits, vegetables, grains, and medicinal plants. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) comprise a sequence of detrimental incidents following myocardial ischemia. Research indicates that flavonoids have the potential to act as cardioprotective agents against MI/R injuries. Several specific flavonoids, e.g., luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, and puerarin, have demonstrated cardioprotective activities in animal models. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to identify the cardioprotective flavonoids, investigate their mechanisms of action, and explore their application in myocardial ischemia. METHODS A search of PubMed database and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords "myocardial ischemia" and "flavonoids". Studies published within the last 10 years reporting on the cardioprotective effects of natural flavonoids on animal models were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 55 natural flavonoids were identified and discussed within this review. It can be summarized that flavonoids regulate the following main strategies: antioxidation, anti-inflammation, calcium modulation, mitochondrial protection, ER stress inhibition, anti-apoptosis, ferroptosis inhibition, autophagy modulation, and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling. Additionally, the number and position of OH, 3'4'-catechol, C2=C3, and C4=O may play a significant role in the cardioprotective activity of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review serves as a reference for designing a daily diet to prevent or reduce damages following ischemia and screening of flavonoids for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China
| | - Shenglong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Dingjun Dong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense, Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China.
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Kozhukhov S, Parkhomenko A, Lutay Y, Dovganych N. Impact of quercetin in patients with myocardial infarction. A multicenter, randomized, and open-label pilot study. Hellenic J Cardiol 2024; 76:68-74. [PMID: 37567562 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Early myocardial reperfusion improves acute MI survival. Bioflavonoid quercetin is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. The presented pilot study aims to investigate the cardioprotective effect of quercetin on infarct size limiting in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS Patients (n = 143) with first anterior STEMI within 6 hours from symptoms onset were included in this open-label multicenter pilot study. Patients were randomized either into quercetin group (n = 70) in addition to standard treatment or recommended therapy alone group (control group, n = 73). Quercetin infusions were initiated before reperfusion and repeated during the next 5 days. The infarct size assessed using creatine kinase-myocardial band area under curve (CK-MB AUC) was the primary study outcome. RESULTS The study arms did not differ in demographics, time to admission, and main clinical data. The median early CK-MB AUC was significantly lower in quercetin group than in controls (8036 ± 7594 vs 11219 ± 8146 U × 1 h/L, p = 0.015). Intravenous quercetin administration was associated with less reperfusion-induced intramyocardial hemorrhage by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance on Day 3 (11.1% of patients in quercetin group vs 53.3% of patients in control group, p < 0.024). There were no significant differences in left ventricle ejection fraction and LV remodeling indicators. CONCLUSION Our pilot study is the first to demonstrate novel insight into ischemia/reperfusion damage in STEMI patients. The addition of quercetin to standard STEMI therapy limits infarct size and prevents intramyocardial hemorrhage after the first anterior STEMI. Further research will be necessary to both validate and expand upon these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Kozhukhov
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, NSC "The M.D.Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology", Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Alexander Parkhomenko
- Emergency Cardiology Department, NSC "The M.D.Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology", Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Yaroslav Lutay
- Emergency Cardiology Department, NSC "The M.D.Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology", Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Nataliia Dovganych
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, NSC "The M.D.Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology", Kyiv, Ukraine.
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Proshkina E, Koval L, Platonova E, Golubev D, Ulyasheva N, Babak T, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Polyphenols as Potential Geroprotectors. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:564-593. [PMID: 38251662 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Currently, a large amount of evidence of beneficial effects of diets enriched with polyphenols on various aspects of health has been accumulated. These phytochemicals have a geroprotective potential slowing down the pathological processes associated with aging and ensuring longevity. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the adherence of individual polyphenols to geroprotector criteria. Data from experimental models, clinical trials, and epidemiological studies were analyzed. Recent Advances: Sixty-two polyphenols have been described to increase the life span and improve biomarkers of aging in animal models. They act via evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanisms, including hormesis and maintenance of redox homeostasis, epigenetic regulation, response to cellular damage, metabolic control, and anti-inflammatory and senolytic activity. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that certain polyphenols have a potential for prevention and treatment of various diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular conditions in humans. Critical Issues: Among the reviewed phytochemicals, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, epicatechin, genistein, resveratrol, and curcumin were identified as compounds with the highest geroprotective potential. However, there is a lack of unambiguous information on the effectiveness and safety of polyphenols for increasing health span, preventing and treating aging-associated diseases in humans. Future Directions: Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of polyphenols considering their long-term consumption, metabolic modification and bioavailability, complex interactions between different groups of polyphenols and with other phytochemicals, as well as their effects on individuals with different health status. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 564-593.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Liubov Koval
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Elena Platonova
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Denis Golubev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Natalia Ulyasheva
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Tatyana Babak
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Centre" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Elahimanesh M, Shokri N, Mahdinia E, Mohammadi P, Parvaz N, Najafi M. Differential gene expression patterns in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3424. [PMID: 38341440 PMCID: PMC10858964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54086-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) might occur because of coronary artery stenosis. The gene biomarkers apply to the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in Myocardial Infarction. The aim of this study was to introduce, enrich and estimate timely the blood gene profiles based on the high-throughput data for the molecular distinction of STEMI and NSTEMI. The text mining data (50 genes) annotated with DisGeNET data (144 genes) were merged with the GEO gene expression data (5 datasets) using R software. Then, the STEMI and NSTEMI networks were primarily created using the STRING server, and improved using the Cytoscape software. The high-score genes were enriched using the KEGG signaling pathways and Gene Ontology (GO). Furthermore, the genes were categorized to determine the NSTEMI and STEMI gene profiles. The time cut-off points were identified statistically by monitoring the gene profiles up to 30 days after Myocardial Infarction (MI). The gene heatmaps were clearly created for the STEMI (high-fold genes 69, low-fold genes 45) and NSTEMI (high-fold genes 68, low-fold genes 36). The STEMI and NSTEMI networks suggested the high-score gene profiles. Furthermore, the gene enrichment suggested the different biological conditions for STEMI and NSTEMI. The time cut-off points for the NSTEMI (4 genes) and STEMI (13 genes) gene profiles were established up to three days after Myocardial Infarction. The study showed the different pathophysiologic conditions for STEMI and NSTEMI. Furthermore, the high-score gene profiles are suggested to measure up to 3 days after MI to distinguish the STEMI and NSTEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Mahdinia
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Cho H, Kim S, Lee SH, Park Y. Effect of onion ( Allium cepa L.) peel extract on natural killer cell and cytokines in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:33-45. [PMID: 38352207 PMCID: PMC10861340 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. SUBJECTS/METHODS Eighty participants aged 19-64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000-10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups. Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved "Hoarseness" (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024; 0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05666752.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sohui Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sung hyen Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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12
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Roth-Walter F, Berni Canani R, O'Mahony L, Peroni D, Sokolowska M, Vassilopoulou E, Venter C. Nutrition in chronic inflammatory conditions: Bypassing the mucosal block for micronutrients. Allergy 2024; 79:353-383. [PMID: 38084827 DOI: 10.1111/all.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional Immunity is one of the most ancient innate immune responses, during which the body can restrict nutrients availability to pathogens and restricts their uptake by the gut mucosa (mucosal block). Though this can be a beneficial strategy during infection, it also is associated with non-communicable diseases-where the pathogen is missing; leading to increased morbidity and mortality as micronutritional uptake and distribution in the body is hindered. Here, we discuss the acute immune response in respect to nutrients, the opposing nutritional demands of regulatory and inflammatory cells and particularly focus on some nutrients linked with inflammation such as iron, vitamins A, Bs, C, and other antioxidants. We propose that while the absorption of certain micronutrients is hindered during inflammation, the dietary lymph path remains available. As such, several clinical trials investigated the role of the lymphatic system during protein absorption, following a ketogenic diet and an increased intake of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, in reducing inflammation and ameliorating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science and ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Diego Peroni
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Pediatric Area, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Carina Venter
- Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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13
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Mirza MA, Mahmood S, Hilles AR, Ali A, Khan MZ, Zaidi SAA, Iqbal Z, Ge Y. Quercetin as a Therapeutic Product: Evaluation of Its Pharmacological Action and Clinical Applications-A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1631. [PMID: 38004496 PMCID: PMC10674654 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is the major polyphenolic flavonoid that belongs to the class called flavanols. It is found in many foods, such as green tea, cranberry, apple, onions, asparagus, radish leaves, buckwheat, blueberry, broccoli, and coriander. It occurs in many different forms, but the most abundant quercetin derivatives are glycosides and ethers, namely, Quercetin 3-O-glycoside, Quercetin 3-sulfate, Quercetin 3-glucuronide, and Quercetin 3'-metylether. Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. It is found to be beneficial against cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neuro-degenerative diseases, allergy asthma, peptic ulcers, osteoporosis, arthritis, and eye disorders. In pre-clinical and clinical investigations, its impacts on various signaling pathways and molecular targets have demonstrated favorable benefits for the activities mentioned above, and some global clinical trials have been conducted to validate its therapeutic profile. It is also utilized as a nutraceutical due to its pharmacological properties. Although quercetin has several pharmacological benefits, its clinical use is restricted due to its poor water solubility, substantial first-pass metabolism, and consequent low bioavailability. To circumvent this limited bioavailability, a quercetin-based nanoformulation has been considered in recent times as it manifests increased quercetin uptake by the epithelial system and enhances the delivery of quercetin to the target site. This review mainly focuses on pharmacological action, clinical trials, patents, marketed products, and approaches to improving the bioavailability of quercetin with the use of a nanoformulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.A.M.); (S.A.A.Z.)
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ayah Rebhi Hilles
- INHART, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Zaafar Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.A.M.); (S.A.A.Z.)
| | - Syed Amir Azam Zaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.A.M.); (S.A.A.Z.)
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.A.M.); (S.A.A.Z.)
| | - Yi Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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14
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Zhang W, Zheng Y, Yan F, Dong M, Ren Y. Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1203713. [PMID: 38054093 PMCID: PMC10694509 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids. More and more studies have found that quercetin has great potential utilization value in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, antibacterial, cholesterol lowering, endothelial cell protection, etc. However, the medicinal value of quercetin is mostly limited to animal models and preclinical studies. Due to the complexity of the human body and functional structure compared to animals, more research is needed to explore whether quercetin has the same mechanism of action and pharmacological value as animal experiments. In order to systematically understand the clinical application value of quercetin, this article reviews the research progress of quercetin in CVD, including preclinical and clinical studies. We will focus on the relationship between quercetin and common CVD, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension and arrhythmia, etc. By elaborating on the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical application research progress of quercetin's protective effect on CVD, data support is provided for the transformation of quercetin from laboratory to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Ren
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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15
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Pourova J, Dias P, Pour M, Bittner Fialová S, Czigle S, Nagy M, Tóth J, Balázs VL, Horváth A, Csikós E, Farkas Á, Horváth G, Mladěnka P. Proposed mechanisms of action of herbal drugs and their biologically active constituents in the treatment of coughs: an overview. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16096. [PMID: 37901462 PMCID: PMC10607228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various medicinal plants find their use in cough treatment, based on traditions and long-term experience. Pharmacological principles of their action, however, are much less known. Herbal drugs usually contain a mixture of potentially active compounds, which can manifest diverse effects. Expectorant or antitussive effects, which can be accompanied by others, such as anti-inflammatory or antibacterial, are probably the most important in the treatment of coughs. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants or their constituents on cough, based on reliable pharmacological studies. First, a comprehensive description of each effect is provided in order to explain the possible mechanism of action in detail. Next, the results related to individual plants and substances are summarized and critically discussed based on pharmacological in vivo and in vitro investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pourova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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16
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Orellana-Urzúa S, Briones-Valdivieso C, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Potential Role of Natural Antioxidants in Countering Reperfusion Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1760. [PMID: 37760064 PMCID: PMC10525378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and acute myocardial infarction are leading causes of mortality worldwide. The latter accounts for approximately 9 million deaths annually. In turn, ischemic stroke is a significant contributor to adult physical disability globally. While reperfusion is crucial for tissue recovery, it can paradoxically exacerbate damage through oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and cell death. Therefore, it is imperative to explore diverse approaches aimed at minimizing ischemia/reperfusion injury to enhance clinical outcomes. OS primarily arises from an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or decreased endogenous antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidant compounds can counteract the injury mechanisms linked to ROS. While promising preclinical results, based on monotherapies, account for protective effects against tissue injury by ROS, translating these models into human applications has yielded controversial evidence. However, since the wide spectrum of antioxidants having diverse chemical characteristics offers varied biological actions on cell signaling pathways, multitherapy has emerged as a valuable therapeutic resource. Moreover, the combination of antioxidants in multitherapy holds significant potential for synergistic effects. This study was designed with the aim of providing an updated overview of natural antioxidants suitable for preventing myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Orellana-Urzúa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | | | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
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17
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Yamaura K, Nelson AL, Nishimura H, Rutledge JC, Ravuri SK, Bahney C, Philippon MJ, Huard J. Therapeutic potential of senolytic agent quercetin in osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:101989. [PMID: 37442369 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, has shown promise as a senolytic agent for various degenerative diseases. Recently, its protective effect against osteoarthritis (OA), a representative age-related disease of the musculoskeletal system, has attracted much attention. The aim of this study is to summarize and analyze the current literature on the effects of quercetin on OA cartilage in in vivo preclinical studies. METHODS The Medline (via/using PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to March 10th, 2023. Risk of bias and the qualitative assessment including mechanisms of all eligible studies and a meta-analysis of cartilage histological scores among the applicable studies was performed. RESULTS A total of 12 in vivo animal studies were included in this systematic review. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed on six studies using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system, revealing that quercetin significantly improved OA cartilage OARSI scores (SMD, -6.30 [95% CI, -9.59 to -3.01]; P = 0.0002; heterogeneity: I2 = 86%). The remaining six studies all supported quercetin's protective effects against OA during disease and aging. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin has shown beneficial effects on cartilage during OA across animal species. Future double-blind randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy of quercetin in the treatment of OA in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamaura
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Anna Laura Nelson
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Haruki Nishimura
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Joan C Rutledge
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Sudheer K Ravuri
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Chelsea Bahney
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA; The Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marc J Philippon
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA; The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
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18
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Xuan X, Zhang S. Exploring the active ingredients and mechanism of Shenzhi Tongxin capsule against microvascular angina based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34190. [PMID: 37390241 PMCID: PMC10313304 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular angina (MVA) substantially threatens human health, and the Shenzhi Tongxin (SZTX) capsule demonstrates a remarkable cardioprotective effect, making it a potential treatment option for MVA. However, the precise mechanism of action for this medication remains unclear. This study utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to investigate the active components and potential mechanisms underlying the efficacy of the SZTX capsule in alleviating MVA. METHODS The main ingredients of the SZTX capsule, along with their targets proteins and potential disease targets associated with MVA, were extracted from public available databases. This study utilized the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to establish a protein-protein interaction network and determine key signaling pathway targets. Subsequently, the DAVID database was utilized to conduct Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses on the intersection targets. To further investigate the molecular interactions, Autodock and PyMOL software were employed to perform molecular docking and visualize the resulting outcomes. RESULTS A total of 130 and 142 bioactive ingredients and intersection targets were identified respectively. Six core targets were obtained through protein-protein interaction network analysis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that 610 biological processes, 75 cellular components, and 92 molecular functions were involved. The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that SZTX capsule molecular mechanism in the treatment of MVA may be related to several pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases, PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, and others. The results of molecular docking showed that the 7 key active ingredients of SZTX capsule had good binding ability to 6 core proteins. CONCLUSION SZTX capsule potentially exerts its effects by targeting multiple signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. This multi-target approach enables SZTX capsule to inhibit inflammation, alleviate oxidative stress, regulate angiogenesis, and enhance endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xuan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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19
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Zhang X, Tang Y, Lu G, Gu J. Pharmacological Activity of Flavonoid Quercetin and Its Therapeutic Potential in Testicular Injury. Nutrients 2023; 15:2231. [PMID: 37432408 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a natural flavonoid widely found in natural fruits and vegetables. Recent studies have shown that quercetin mediates multiple beneficial effects in a variety of organ damage and diseases, and is considered a healthcare supplement with health-promoting potential. Male infertility is a major health concern, and testicular damage from multiple causes is an important etiology. Previous studies have shown that quercetin has a protective effect on reproductive function. This may be related to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic biological activities of quercetin. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanisms by which quercetin exerts its pharmacological activity and its role in testicular damage induced by various etiologies. In addition, this paper compiles the application of quercetin in clinical trials, demonstrating its practical effects in regulating blood pressure and inhibiting cellular senescence in human patients. However, more in-depth experimental studies and clinical trials are needed to confirm the true value of quercetin for the prevention and protection against testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yufeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangping Lu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Junlian Gu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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20
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Xuan X, Zhang J, Fan J, Zhang S. Research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in targeting inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder for arteriosclerosis intervention: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33748. [PMID: 37144986 PMCID: PMC10158879 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease caused by inflammation and lipid deposition. Immune cells are extensively activated in the lesions, producing excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, which accompany the entire pathological process of AS. In addition, the accumulation of lipid-mediated lipoproteins under the arterial intima is a crucial event in the development of AS, leading to vascular inflammation. Improving lipid metabolism disorders and inhibiting inflammatory reactions are the primary treatment methods currently used in medical practice to delay AS progression. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), more mechanisms of action of the monomer of TCM, Chinese patent medicine, and compound prescription have been studied and explored. Research has shown that some Chinese medicines can participate in treating AS by targeting and improving lipid metabolism disorders and inhibiting inflammatory reactions. This review explores the research on Chinese herbal monomers, compound Chinese medicines, and formulae that improve lipid metabolism disorders and inhibit inflammatory reactions to provide new supplements for treating AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xuan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jilin Fan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030663. [PMID: 36978911 PMCID: PMC10045397 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They have received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine and have been widely used in traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such complimentary medical herbal formulations are extremely complex mixtures of many pharmacologically active compounds that provide a therapeutic outcome through a network pharmacological effects of considerable complexity. Methods are emerging to determine the active components used in complimentary medicine and their therapeutic targets and to decipher the complexities of how network pharmacology provides such therapeutic effects. The gut microbiome has important roles to play in the generation of bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the intact flavonoid and, in some cases, new antitumor and antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items have been identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting that neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed to preserve a healthy population of bacterial symbiont species and minimize the establishment of harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an important consideration effecting the overall health and wellbeing of linked organ systems. Bioconversion of dietary flavonoid components in the gut generates therapeutic metabolites that can also be transported by the vagus nerve and systemic circulation to brain cell populations to exert a beneficial effect. This is particularly important in a number of neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized by effects on moods, resulting in depression and anxiety, impaired motor function, and long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids have many beneficial properties in the alleviation of inflammation in tissues, however, concerns have been raised that therapeutic levels of flavonoids may not be achieved, thus allowing them to display optimal therapeutic effects. Dietary manipulation and vagal stimulation have both yielded beneficial responses in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, depression, and anxiety, establishing the vagal nerve as a route of communication in the gut-brain axis with established roles in disease intervention. While a number of native flavonoids are beneficial in the treatment of neurological disorders and are known to penetrate the blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated flavonoid metabolites (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of the native flavonoid in addition to bioactive properties that promote mitochondrial health and cerebrovascular microcapillary function, should also be considered as potential biotherapeutic agents. Studies are warranted to experimentally examine the efficacy of flavonoid metabolites directly, as they emerge as novel therapeutic options.
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22
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Glutathione system enhancement for cardiac protection: pharmacological options against oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:131. [PMID: 36792890 PMCID: PMC9932120 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione (GSH) system is considered to be one of the most powerful endogenous antioxidant systems in the cardiovascular system due to its key contribution to detoxifying xenobiotics and scavenging overreactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous investigations have suggested that disruption of the GSH system is a critical element in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Meanwhile, a newly proposed type of cell death, ferroptosis, has been demonstrated to be closely related to the GSH system, which affects the process and outcome of myocardial injury. Moreover, in facing various pathological challenges, the mammalian heart, which possesses high levels of mitochondria and weak antioxidant capacity, is susceptible to oxidant production and oxidative damage. Therefore, targeted enhancement of the GSH system along with prevention of ferroptosis in the myocardium is a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we first systematically describe the physiological functions and anabolism of the GSH system, as well as its effects on cardiac injury. Then, we discuss the relationship between the GSH system and ferroptosis in myocardial injury. Moreover, a comprehensive summary of the activation strategies of the GSH system is presented, where we mainly identify several promising herbal monomers, which may provide valuable guidelines for the exploration of new therapeutic approaches.
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Effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Capsule on Myocardial Infarction: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:5652276. [PMID: 36760468 PMCID: PMC9904938 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5652276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most severe manifestation of cardiovascular disease. Xuefu Zhuyu Capsule (XFC), a proprietary Chinese medicine, is widely used in various cardiovascular diseases. At present, the molecular mechanism of XFC remains unclear. Objective To explore the mechanism of anti-MI effects of XFC by combining network pharmacology and experiments. Methods TCMSP, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases were used to find the target of XFC. PPI analysis was performed by the STRING database. KEGG and GO analyses were performed by Metascape Database. Molecular docking was performed by Autodock Vina. HE staining, echocardiography, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL were performed to verify the prediction results. Results Network pharmacology showed that quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, luteolin, and baicalein were the main active ingredients of XFC. TNF, IL6, TP53, VEGFA, JUN, CASP3, and SIRT1 were the main targets of XFC. KEGG results showed that key genes were mainly enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. HE staining showed that XFC could improve the morphology of myocardial tissue. Echocardiography showed that XFC could improve cardiac function. TUNEL showed that XFC could reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Immunofluorescence showed that XFC could reduce the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and increase the expression of CD31. In addition, we found that XFC may exert its therapeutic effects through SIRT1. Conclusion This study demonstrated that SIRT1 may be the target of XFC in the treatment of MI. The active ingredients of XFC and SIRT1 can be stably bound. XFC could inhibit apoptosis, promote angiogenesis, and improve myocardial fibrosis through SIRT1.
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Yang N, Shi N, Yao Z, Liu H, Guo W. Gallium-modified gelatin nanoparticles loaded with quercetin promote skin wound healing via the regulation of bacterial proliferation and macrophage polarization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1124944. [PMID: 36777248 PMCID: PMC9908762 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1124944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Wound healing is a complicated process involving multiple cell components and can help the re-establishment of the skin's barrier function. Previous studies have pointed out that bacterial infection and sustained inflammatory reactions are the main causes of the delay of wound closure and scar formation during wound healing. The effect of current approaches for scar-free wound repair still faces many challenges, and alternative therapeutic methods are urgently needed to be established. Methods: The basic characteristics of the new-designed nanoparticles were clarified through the characterization of the material. The biocompatibility of the nanoparticles, as well as its effect on fibroblast function, anti-bacterial capacity, inflammation suppressive role, and the underlying mechanism were further verified by a panel of biochemical assays in vitro. Ultimately, pre-clinical rat model was employed to testify its role in wound healing and scar formation in vivo. Results: Firstly, gallium-modified gelatin nanoparticles loaded with quercetin was successfully established, displaying good biocompatibility and facilitative effect on fibroblast function. In addition, the nanoparticles showed prominent anti-bacterial and inflammation-suppressive effects. What's more important, the nanoparticles could also induce the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype to exert its inflammatory inhibitory role through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Ultimately, in vivo experiment showed that the nanoparticles could effectively promote wound repair and inhibit scar formation during the process of wound healing. Conclusion: Taken together, the new nanoparticles have good anti-bacterial and anti-scar formation effects and great potential in the field of skin wound repair, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nianyuan Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhou Yao
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Hang Liu, ; Weinan Guo,
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Hang Liu, ; Weinan Guo,
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25
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Poly(Glycerol) Microparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Use. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020384. [PMID: 36839706 PMCID: PMC9964732 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycerol (Gly) is a well-known, FDA-approved molecule posing three hydroxyl groups. Since Gly is biocompatible, here, it was aimed to prepare poly(Glycerol) (p(Gly)) particles directly for the first time for the delivery of therapeutic agents. Micrometer-sized particles of p(Gly) were successfully synthesized via the micro-emulsion method with an average size of 14.5 ± 5.6 µm. P(Gly) microparticles up to 1.0 g/mL concentrations were found biocompatible with 85 ± 1% cell viability against L929 fibroblasts. Moreover, p(Gly) microparticles were tested for hemocompatibility, and it was found that up to 1.0 mg/mL concentrations the particles were non-hemolytic with 0.4 ± 0.1% hemolysis ratios. In addition, the blood compatibility index values of the prepared p(Gly) particles were found as 95 ± 2%, indicating that these microparticles are both bio- and hemocompatible. Furthermore, Quercetin (QC) flavonoid, which possessed high antioxidant properties, was loaded into p(Gly) microparticles to demonstrate drug-carrying properties of the particles with improved bioavailability, non-toxicity, and high biocompatibility. The results of this study evidently revealed that p(Gly) particles can be directly prepared from a cost-effective and easily accessible glycerol molecule and the prepared particles exhibited good biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Therefore, p(Gly) particles were found as promising vehicles for drug delivery systems in terms of their higher loading and release capability as well as for sustained long term release profiles.
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Safety Considerations for Natural Products Commonly Used By Patients with Allergic Disease. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:3131-3138. [PMID: 36174919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are a category of Complementary and Alternative Medicine that includes medicinal plants, vitamins, and dietary supplements. These products are often utilized by patients with allergies in conjunction with, or as an alternative to, their conventional medical therapies. Despite the wide use of these modalities, many clinicians often have limited knowledge and training in their use. It is important for health care providers to know the safety and risks of these products that their patients may use. This Clinical Commentary reviews the side effects and adverse reactions of several natural products commonly used by patients with allergies and gives an overview of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requirements for manufacturing, advertising and distribution.
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Ramos-Lopez O, Martinez-Urbistondo D, Vargas-Nuñez JA, Martinez JA. The Role of Nutrition on Meta-inflammation: Insights and Potential Targets in Communicable and Chronic Disease Management. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:305-335. [PMID: 36258149 PMCID: PMC9579631 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the onset and progression of communicable and chronic diseases. This review examined the effects and eventual mediation roles of different nutritional factors on inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Potential nutritional compounds influencing inflammation processes include macro and micronutrients, bioactive molecules (polyphenols), specific food components, and culinary ingredients as well as standardized dietary patterns, eating habits, and chrononutrition features. Therefore, research in this field is still required, taking into account critical aspects of heterogeneity including type of population, minimum and maximum intakes and adverse effects, cooking methods, physiopathological status, and times of intervention. Moreover, the integrative analysis of traditional variables (age, sex, metabolic profile, clinical history, body phenotype, habitual dietary intake, physical activity levels, and lifestyle) together with individualized issues (genetic background, epigenetic signatures, microbiota composition, gene expression profiles, and metabolomic fingerprints) may contribute to the knowledge and prescription of more personalized treatments aimed to improving the precision medical management of inflammation as well as the design of anti-inflammatory diets in chronic and communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Universidad 14418, UABC, Parque Internacional Industrial Tijuana, 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
| | | | - Juan A Vargas-Nuñez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Wang D, Wang T, Zhang Z, Li Z, Guo Y, Zhao G, Wu L. Recent advances in the effects of dietary polyphenols on inflammation in vivo: potential molecular mechanisms, receptor targets, safety issues, and uses of nanodelivery system and polyphenol polymers. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Zhao Y, Deng S, Bai Y, Guo J, Kai G, Huang X, Jia X. Promising natural products against SARS-CoV-2: Structure, function, and clinical trials. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3833-3858. [PMID: 35932157 PMCID: PMC9538226 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) poses a severe threat to human health and still spreads globally. Due to the high mutation ratio and breakthrough infection rate of the virus, vaccines and anti-COVID-19 drugs require continual improvements. Drug screening research has shown that some natural active products can target the critical proteins of SARS-CoV-2, including 3CLpro, ACE2, FURIN, and RdRp, which could produce great inhibitory effects on SARS-COV-2. In addition, some natural products have displayed activities of immunomodulation, antiinflammatory, and antihepatic failure in COVID-19 clinical trials, which may relate to their non-monomeric structures. However, further evaluation and high-quality assessments, including safety verification tests, drug interaction tests, and clinical trials, are needed to substantiate natural products' multi-target and multi-pathway effects on COVID-19. Here, we review the literature on several promising active natural products that may act as vaccine immune enhancers or provide targeted anti-COVID-19 drugs. The structures, mechanisms of action, and research progress of these natural products are analyzed, to hopefully provide effective ideas for the development of targeted drugs that possess better structure, potency, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Life Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shanshan Deng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and DrugsChengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina
| | - Yujiao Bai
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and DrugsChengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xinhe Huang
- Life Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xu Jia
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA and DrugsChengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina
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30
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Agri-Food Waste from Apple, Pear, and Sugar Beet as a Source of Protective Bioactive Molecules for Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Major Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091786. [PMID: 36139860 PMCID: PMC9495678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial damage is recognized as the initial step that precedes several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. It has been demonstrated that the best treatment for CVD is prevention, and, in the frame of a healthy lifestyle, the consumption of vegetables, rich in bioactive molecules, appears effective at reducing the risk of CVD. In this context, the large amount of agri-food industry waste, considered a global problem due to its environmental and economic impact, represents an unexplored source of bioactive compounds. This review provides a summary regarding the possible exploitation of waste or by-products derived by the processing of three traditional Italian crops-apple, pear, and sugar beet-as a source of bioactive molecules to protect endothelial function. Particular attention has been given to the bioactive chemical profile of these pomaces and their efficacy in various pathological conditions related to endothelial dysfunction. The waste matrices of apple, pear, and sugar beet crops can represent promising starting material for producing "upcycled" products with functional applications, such as the prevention of endothelial dysfunction linked to cardiovascular diseases.
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31
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Zhou Y, Suo W, Zhang X, Lv J, Liu Z, Liu R. Roles and mechanisms of quercetin on cardiac arrhythmia: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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32
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Samadi F, Kahrizi MS, Heydari F, Arefnezhad R, Roghani-Shahraki H, Mokhtari Ardekani A, Rezaei-Tazangi F. Quercetin and Osteoarthritis: A Mechanistic Review on the Present Documents. Pharmacology 2022; 107:464-471. [PMID: 35793647 DOI: 10.1159/000525494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA), as one of the chronic debilitating conditions, affects 15% of people globally and is linked with serious problems, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders. The current therapeutic options for this disease include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, surgery, gene therapy, intrasynovial gel injection, and warm needle penetration. However, these approaches may be accompanied by considerable side effects, high costs, and some limitations for patients. Thus, using an alternative way is needed. SUMMARY Presently, natural compounds based-therapies, like flavonoids, have acquired much attention in the current era. One of the compounds belonging to the flavonoid family is quercetin, and its therapeutic effects on disorders related to joints and cartilage have been addressed in vivo and in vitro studies. KEY MESSAGES In this review, we summarized evidence indicating its curative capacity against OA with a mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Samadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fateme Heydari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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33
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Fu W, Chen S, Zhang Z, Chen Y, You X, Li Q. Quercetin in Tonglong Qibi decoction ameliorates testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by regulating Nrf2 signalling pathways and oxidative stress. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14502. [PMID: 35725022 DOI: 10.1111/and.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disease in older males. Existing pharmacotherapy shows several side effects, and the exploration of new therapeutic strategies is of high significance. Tonglong Qibi (TQ) decoction was proved to ameliorate BPH, while the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the current study, we explored the anti-BPH effects of TQ in vivo and identified its main therapeutic component and the underlying mechanisms in vitro. We demonstrated that TQ mitigated BPH in rats and showed no toxicity to the liver and reproductive system. Network pharmacology identified quercetin as the main component in TQ treating BPH. Quercetin reduced proliferation, oxidative stress, and increased Nrf2 expression in hyperplastic prostate epithelial cells. These findings indicate that quercetin in TQ alleviates BPH via inhibiting oxidative stress and activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Xiamen Hospital (The Eighth Clinical Medical College), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China.,Department of Andrology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuchao Chen
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zezheng Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingwen Chen
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xujun You
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qixin Li
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang L, Ma J, Yang F, Li S, Ma W, Chang X, Yang L. Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin on Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854249. [PMID: 35662707 PMCID: PMC9158527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high recurrence and disability; however, its therapies are very limited. As one of the effective methods of treating acute attacks of IS, intravenous thrombolysis has a clear time window. Quercetin, a flavonoid widely found in vegetables and fruits, inhibits immune cells from secreting inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing platelet aggregation and limiting inflammatory thrombosis. In pre-clinical studies, it has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with ischemic brain injury. However, its specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Therefore, this review aims to use published data to elucidate the potential value of quercetin in patients with ischemic brain injury. This article also reviews the plant sources, pharmacological effects, and metabolic processes of quercetin in vivo, thus focusing on its mechanism in inhibiting immune cell activation and inflammatory thrombosis as well as promoting neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingying Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sishi Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wangran Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiang Chang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
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35
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Wang B, Teng Y, Li Y, Lai S, Wu Y, Chen S, Li T, Han X, Zhou H, Wang Y, Lu Z, Li H, Ding Y, Ma L, Zhao M, Wang X. Evidence and Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Heart Disease Patients With Anxiety or Depression: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854292. [PMID: 35600859 PMCID: PMC9117623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and potential mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for treating coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with anxiety or depression.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed. Screening studies, extracting data, and assessing article quality were carried out independently by two researchers. The active ingredients of CHM for the treatment of CHD with anxiety or depression were analyzed by the network pharmacology, and the main potential mechanisms were summarized by the database of Web of Science.Results: A total of 32 studies were included. The results showed that compared with the blank control groups, CHM was more beneficial in treating anxiety or depression in patients with CHD [anxiety: OR = 3.22, 95% CI (1.94, 5.35), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%; depression: OR = 3.27, 95% CI (1.67, 6.40), p = 0.0005, I2 = 0%], and the efficacy of CHM was not inferior to that of Western medicine (WM) [anxiety: OR = 1.58, 95%CI (0.39, 6.35), p = 0.52, I2 = 67%; depression: OR = 1.97, 95%CI (0.73, 5.28), p = 0.18, I2 = 33%,]. Additionally, CHM also showed a significant advantage in improving angina stability (AS) in CHD patients with anxiety or depression compared with blank groups [anxiety: SMD = 0.55, 95%CI (0.32, 0.79), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%; depression: p = 0.004] and WM groups [anxiety: SMD = 1.14, 95%CI (0.80, 1.47), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%; depression: SMD = 12.15, 95%CI (6.07, 18.23), p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%]. Angina frequency (AF) and electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis after using CHM demonstrated similar trends. Based on the network pharmacology, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, beta-sitosterol, puerarin, stigmasterol, isorhamnetin, baicalein, tanshinone IIa, and nobiletin were most closely and simultaneously related to the pathological targets of CHD, anxiety, and depression. The main underlying mechanisms might involve anti-damage/apoptosis, anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, and maintaining neurotransmitter homeostasis.Conclusion: CHM exhibited an obvious efficacy in treating CHD patients with anxiety or depression, especially for improving the symptom of angina pectoris. The most active compounds of CHM could simultaneously act on the pathological targets of CHD, anxiety, and depression. Multiple effective components and multiple targets were the advantages of CHM compared with WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofu Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Teng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sijia Lai
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowan Han
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hufang Zhou
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Ding
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjing Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingjing Zhao, ; Xian Wang,
| | - Xian Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingjing Zhao, ; Xian Wang,
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Nutmakul T. A review on benefits of quercetin in hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:918-926. [PMID: 35903522 PMCID: PMC9315272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia becomes a public health problem worldwide. It is not only a major risk factor for gout but also associated with the development of life-threatening diseases such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Although there are several available therapeutic drugs, some serious adverse effects and contraindications are concerned. These drive the search for an alternative therapy that is effective and safe. Quercetin is of particular interesting since it has been reported numerous pharmacological activities, especially anti-hyperuricemia, antioxidant, anti-inflammation and amelioration of metabolic syndromes and cardiovascular diseases which are comorbidities of hyperuricemia and gout. In addition, quercetin has been widely used as a health supplement for many diseases however, the use for hyperuricemia and gout has not been indicated. Therefore, this review aims to gather and summarize published data regarding the efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies along with possible mechanism of action, and safety aspect of quercetin in order to support the use of quercetin as a dietary supplement for prevention and management of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis and/or use as alternative or combination therapy to minimize the side effects of the conventional drugs.
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Kozłowska A, Szostak-Węgierek D. Targeting Cardiovascular Diseases by Flavonols: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:1439. [PMID: 35406050 PMCID: PMC9003055 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are one of the most plentiful flavonoid subclasses found in natural products and are extensively used as dietary supplements. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the cardioprotective properties of flavonols, especially quercetin. This group of substances exerts positive impacts primarily due to their antiatherogenic, antithrombotic, and antioxidant activities. The potential of flavonols to promote vasodilation and regulation of apoptotic processes in the endothelium are other beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Despite promising experimental findings, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have yielded inconsistent results on the influence of these substances on human cardiovascular parameters. Thus, this review aims to summarize the most recent clinical data on the intake of these substances and their effects on the cardiovascular system. The present study will help clinicians and other healthcare workers understand the value of flavonol supplementation in both subjects at risk for cardiovascular disease and patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kozłowska
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Oczki Str. 3, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka Str. 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Hua F, Zhou P, Bao G, Ling T. Flavonoids in Lu’an GuaPian tea as potential inhibitors of TMA‐lyase in acute myocardial infarction. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14110. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hua
- School of Pharmacy Anhui Xinhua University Hefei China
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei China
| | - Guan‐hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China
| | - Tie‐jun Ling
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China
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The effects of phytochemicals and herbal bio-active compounds on tumour necrosis factor-α in overweight and obese individuals: a clinical review. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:91-110. [PMID: 34997431 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00902-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is abnormal fat accumulation in the body which acts as a risk factor for various cardiometabolic states. Adipose tissue in excess can release inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6, and suppress adiponectin production. TNF-α increases the levels of IL-6 and acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein. Inflammation has a crucial role in developing and progressing various cardiometabolic diseases and a wide range of obesity-related complications. It has been shown that TNF-α has a significant role in the development of insulin resistance. Recently, a growing body of evidence has focused on herbal medicine, phytochemicals and natural bioactive compounds as inexpensive, relatively easy accessible agents with low adverse effects to reduce inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and simultaneously decrease insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia in obesity. The main focus of the current review is to summarize the results of the studies, which assessed the effects of phytochemicals and herbal bio-active compounds on serum TNF-α in subjects with overweight or obesity. This review suggests that herbal medicine have favorable effects on the reduction of TNF-α concentration; however, the results were not uniform for different products. Among the reviewed plants, ginger, ginseng, resveratrol, and flaxseed had more promising effects.
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40
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Bertelli A, Biagi M, Corsini M, Baini G, Cappellucci G, Miraldi E. Polyphenols: From Theory to Practice. Foods 2021; 10:2595. [PMID: 34828876 PMCID: PMC8621732 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of polyphenols in human health is well known; these compounds are common in foods, such as fruits, vegetables, spices, extra virgin olive oil and wine. On the other hand, the different factors that modulate the biological activity of these compounds are less well known. Conceptualization of the work: In this review we took into account about 200 relevant and recent papers on the following topics: "polyphenols bioavailability", "polyphenols matrix effect", "food matrix effect", "polyphenols-cytochromes interaction", after having reviewed and updated information on chemical classification and main biological properties of polyphenols, such as the antioxidant, anti-radical and anti-inflammatory activity, together with the tricky link between in vitro tests and clinical trials. KEY FINDINGS the issue of polyphenols bioavailability and matrix effect should be better taken into account when health claims are referred to polyphenols, thus considering the matrix effect, enzymatic interactions, reactions with other foods or genetic or gender characteristics that could interfere. We also discovered that in vitro studies often underrate the role of phytocomplexes and thus we provided practical hints to describe a clearer way to approach an investigation on polyphenols for a more resounding transfer to their use in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bertelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marco Biagi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Maddalena Corsini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Giulia Baini
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Giorgio Cappellucci
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Miraldi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.); (G.C.)
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Su Z, Guo Y, Huang X, Feng B, Tang L, Zheng G, Zhu Y. Phytochemicals: Targeting Mitophagy to Treat Metabolic Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686820. [PMID: 34414181 PMCID: PMC8369426 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders include metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Due to unhealthy lifestyles such as high-calorie diet, sedentary and physical inactivity, the prevalence of metabolic disorders poses a huge challenge to global human health, which is the leading cause of global human death. Mitochondrion is the major site of adenosine triphosphate synthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation and ROS production. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction-related oxidative stress and inflammation is involved in the development of metabolic disorders. Mitophagy, a catabolic process, selectively degrades damaged or superfluous mitochondria to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction and preserve mitochondrial function. It is considered to be one of the major mechanisms responsible for mitochondrial quality control. Growing evidence shows that mitophagy can prevent and treat metabolic disorders through suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. In the past decade, in order to expand the range of pharmaceutical options, more and more phytochemicals have been proven to have therapeutic effects on metabolic disorders. Many of these phytochemicals have been proved to activate mitophagy to ameliorate metabolic disorders. Given the ongoing epidemic of metabolic disorders, it is of great significance to explore the contribution and underlying mechanisms of mitophagy in metabolic disorders, and to understand the effects and molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals on the treatment of metabolic disorders. Here, we investigate the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic disorders and discuss the potential of targeting mitophagy with phytochemicals for the treatment of metabolic disorders, with a view to providing a direction for finding phytochemicals that target mitophagy to prevent or treat metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanru Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiufang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lipeng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjuan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Li H, Cui QK, Li Z, Li J, Li F. Clinical observation of the effect of modified Ginseng-Schisandra decoction (MGSD) on trace elements and immune function in children with spleen deficiency syndrome after recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI): a randomized controlled trial. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:1692-1700. [PMID: 34295784 PMCID: PMC8261592 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) is common disease in childhood, and the incidence rate is increasing in China. The cause is complex, which is related to the physiological characteristics of children's respiratory system and the immature immune function, lack of trace elements and environmental pollution. Immunomodulators and antibiotics are often used to treat RRTI, but the clinical efficacy still needs to be improved. Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of RRTI. In the clinical treatment of RRTI, the authors often use modified Ginseng-Schisandra decoction (MGSD). In order to study the clinical effect of MGSD on serum trace elements and immune function in children with spleen deficiency syndrome after RRTI, we conducted this clinical observation. METHODS This is a single-center randomized trial with two parallel groups. Eighty children who developed spleen deficiency syndrome following RRTI were randomly and equally divided into a control group and an observation group. The control group was given Medilac-vita and the observation group was given MGSD. The participants, care givers, and those assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment. The treatment course was 4 weeks. Clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, humoral immunity, and trace element index values before and after treatment were compared between the two groups of children. RESULTS The trial was finished. The total effective rate of the observation group (n=40, 95%) was significantly higher than control group (n=40, 65%) (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were reduced compared to those before treatment, while the serum immunoglobulin A and G levels were increased (P<0.05); however, the observation group had significantly lower TCM syndrome scores than the control group. Significant improvements in serum immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG) levels, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+), and trace elements (Zn and Fe) indicators were observed in the observation group compared to the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of MGSD in the treatment of children with spleen deficiency syndrome after RRTI has a definite clinical effect. MGSD can effectively improve the immune function of the patients and the content of the trace elements iron and zinc, and thus has potential value for promotion and application. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100047128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ke Cui
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Nakhaee S, Farrokhfall K, Miri-Moghaddam E, Foadoddini M, Askari M, Amirabadizadeh A, Brent J, Megarbane B, Mehrpour O. The effects of naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin on seizure and sedation in acute on chronic tramadol administration: an experimental study. Behav Brain Funct 2021; 17:5. [PMID: 34051813 PMCID: PMC8164767 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-021-00178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tramadol is a widely used synthetic opioid. Substantial research has previously focused on the neurological effects of this drug, while the efficacy of various treatments to reduce the associated side effects has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin on tramadol overdose-induced seizure and sedation level in male rats. Methods The project was performed with 72 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 200–250 g. The rats were randomly assigned to eight groups. Tramadol was administered intraperitoneally at an initial dose of 25 mg/kg/day. On the 14th day, tramadol was injected at 75 mg/kg, either alone or together with naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin (acute and chronic) individually or in combination. The rats were monitored for 6 h on the last day, and the number, the duration, and the severity of seizures (using the criteria of Racine) were measured over a 6-h observation period. The sedation level was also assessed based on a 4-point criterion, ranging from 0 to 3. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using Kruskal–Wallis, Chi-square, regression analysis, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) tests. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The naloxone-diazepam combination reduced the number, severity, and cumulative duration of seizures compared to tramadol use alone and reduced the number of higher-intensity seizures (level 3, 4) to a greater extent than other treatments. Naloxone alone reduced the number and duration of seizures but increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). Diazepam decreased the severity and duration of seizures. However, it increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). In comparison with the tramadol alone group, the acute quercetin group exhibited higher numbers of mild (level 2) and moderate (level 3) seizures. Chronic quercetin administration significantly increased the number of mild seizures. In the GEE model, all groups had higher sedation levels than the saline only group (P < 0.001). None of the protocols had a significant effect on sedation levels compared to the tramadol group. Conclusion The combined administration of naloxone and diazepam in acute-on-chronic tramadol poisoning can effectively reduce most seizure variables compared to tramadol use alone. However, none of the treatments improved sedation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhfall
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Foadoddini
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Askari
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadizadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Jeffrey Brent
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bruno Megarbane
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital; INSERM UMRS-1144; University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran. .,Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Abdullah, Asghar A, Algburi A, Huang Q, Ahmad T, Zhong H, Javed HU, Ermakov AM, Chikindas ML. Anti-biofilm Potential of Elletaria cardamomum Essential Oil Against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium JSG 1748. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:620227. [PMID: 33897636 PMCID: PMC8062866 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.620227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens, microbial recurrent infections, and antibiotic resistance have driven researchers to explore natural compounds as safe alternative antimicrobials. In this study, the chemical profile, antimicrobial, and mutagenic activities of the Elletaria cardamomum essential oil were investigated. GC-MS analysis identified the major bioactive components as α-terpinyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, linalool acetate, and sabinene, at concentrations of 34.95, 25.30, 8.13, and 5.48% respectively, of the essential oil's content. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentration of green cardamom essential oil was 1% against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 14213. Green cardamom essential oil, when used at concentrations of 0.015, 0.031, 0.062, and 0.125% (v/v) prevented biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by 64.29, 65.98, 70.41, and 85.59%, respectively. Furthermore, these concentrations inhibited 6.13, 45.50, 49.45, and 100%, respectively, of the Salmonella Typhimurium JSG 1748 biofilm. A mutagenicity assay confirmed that green cardamom essential oil has no demonstrable mutagenic activity against the tested strains. The study's findings suggest that green cardamom derived bioactive compounds are safe organic antimicrobials, effective in controlling biofilm formation by Gram-negative pathogens. Moreover, such compounds could possibly be used in the food industry (e.g., bakery, dairy, meat, and other food products) as a safe alternative to chemical preservatives (antimicrobials) to enhance shelf life by improving the antimicrobial status while at the same time imparting a pleasant and appealing aroma for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Asghar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Algburi
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Talha Ahmad
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hafiz U. Javed
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexey M. Ermakov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Michael L. Chikindas
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of General Hygiene, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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