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Williams PJH, Chagunda IC, McIndoe JS. OptiMS: An Accessible Program for Automating Mass Spectrometry Parameter Optimization and Configuration. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:449-455. [PMID: 38345910 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometers have an enormous number of user-changeable parameters that drastically affect the observed mass spectrum. Using optimal parameters can significantly improve mass spectrometric data by increasing signal stability and signal-to-noise ratio, which decreases the limit of detection, thus revealing previously unobservable species. However, ascertaining optimal parameters is time-consuming, tedious, and made further challenging by the fact that parameters can act dependently on each other. Consequently, suboptimal parameters are frequently used during characterization, reducing the quality of results. OptiMS, an open-source, cross-platform program, was developed to simplify, accelerate, and more accurately determine optimal mass spectrometer parameters for a given system. It addresses common difficulties associated with existing software such as slow performance, high costs, and limited functionality. OptiMS efficacy was demonstrated through its application to multiple systems, quickly and successfully optimizing instrument parameters unassisted to maximize a user-defined metric, such as the intensity of a particular analyte. Additionally, among other features, OptiMS allows running of a sequence of predefined parameter configurations, reducing the workload of users wishing to obtain mass spectra under multiple sets of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J H Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Ian C Chagunda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - J Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
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Schleicher S, Horoba D, Krafzig P, Mischnick P. Impact of instrumental settings in electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry on the analysis of O-methoxyethyl-O-methyl cellulose: a comprehensive quantitative evaluation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4727-4743. [PMID: 35501507 PMCID: PMC9174117 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hydroxyethyl substitution along and among the polymer chains of respective cellulose ethers (HEC and HEMC) can be analyzed by ESI-IT-MS after permethylation of the free OH-groups, partial hydrolysis, and mABA labeling. This method requires the correct quantification of the molar ratios of the constituents belonging to a particular degree of polymerization (DP) with respect to their numbers of MeOEt and Me groups without any discrimination along the MS analysis pathway. The influence of the chemistry on the ionization and the impact of the voltages controlling the ion transport (Cap Exit, Octopoles) and the ion storage efficiency (Trap Drive, TD) on a relative quantification were studied using binary equimolar mixtures of cellobiose with increasing number of methoxyethyl and decreasing number of methyl groups (Δ m/z 88, 2× MeOEt). No suppression effects were observed in concentration-dependent measurements. Choice of Cap Exit is especially crucial for low m/z with less MeOEt residues. An equation describing the relationship between Oct 2 DC, m/z, and TDmax (TD at maximum intensity) was established from the experimental data and applied to calculate TDmax for higher DPs (larger COS). Optimized conditions allowed to determine the correct molar ratio of binary mixtures. Measurements of overlapping m/z segments and subsequent interrelation of the data gave complete substitution profiles for MeOEt/Me celluloses in accordance with reference data. The study generally makes aware of potential erroneous quantification in ESI-IT-MS analysis using internal standards of similar chemistry or in relative quantification of analytes, even for those with related structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schleicher
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dominik Horoba
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Philip Krafzig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Mischnick
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Impact of instrumental settings in electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry on the analysis of multi-CH 3-/CD 3-isotopologs in cellulose ether analysis: a quantitative evaluation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:1279-1296. [PMID: 34913083 PMCID: PMC8724165 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exact quantification of the molar ratios of isotopologous mixed O-methyl-O-methyl-d3-cellooligosaccharides (COS) comprising all combinations from fully methylated to fully deuteromethylated constituents within an individual degree of polymerization (DP) is the key step in the analysis of the substituent distribution over the polymer chains in methyl celluloses (MC). Deuteromethylation of MC is performed to level chemical differences, but due to a m/z range of 3 DP·ΔMe/Me-d3, bias during MS measurement cannot certainly be excluded. Therefore, ionization, ion transportation, and ion storage were studied with an electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-IT-MS) using binary equimolar mixtures of per-O-Me- and per-O-Me-d3-COS, defining the border cases of a particular Me/Me-d3-profile. Reference data of their molar ratio were determined after reductive amination with m-amino benzoic acid by HPLC-UV. COS of DP2–6 were measured as their sodium adducts at c = 10−6 M by syringe pump infusion. The impact of the RF voltage of the ion trap (TD), the octopole RF and DC voltages, and the Cap Exit potential on absolute and relative ion intensities were studied. Adapting the Cap Exit voltage was essential for correct quantification of DP2, while all COS of higher DP behaved insensitive with respect to bias. To check whether any bias occurs in the electrospray ionization process of the isotopologs, concentration-dependent measurements were performed with optimized instrumental settings for each DP. Intensity ratios IR = I (Me-d3)/I (Me) did not show any concentration-dependent trend and no selective ion suppression. Its decrease with DP observed under usually applied standard conditions (smart mode) is a consequence of discrimination according to m/z and can be overcome by appropriate instrumental settings of Oct 2 DC and TD. IR between 0.971 ± 0.008 and 1.040 ± 0.009 with no trend for DP (2-6) were obtained by averaging all measurements in the range 2 · 10−7 to 2 · 10−5 M total concentration. The DP-related optimized settings were applied to two MCs and compared with the results obtained under so far applied standard conditions.
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Melnyk T, Đorđević S, Conejos-Sánchez I, Vicent MJ. Therapeutic potential of polypeptide-based conjugates: Rational design and analytical tools that can boost clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:136-169. [PMID: 33091502 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The clinical success of polypeptides as polymeric drugs, covered by the umbrella term "polymer therapeutics," combined with related scientific and technological breakthroughs, explain their exponential growth in the development of polypeptide-drug conjugates as therapeutic agents. A deeper understanding of the biology at relevant pathological sites and the critical biological barriers faced, combined with advances regarding controlled polymerization techniques, material bioresponsiveness, analytical methods, and scale up-manufacture processes, have fostered the development of these nature-mimicking entities. Now, engineered polypeptides have the potential to combat current challenges in the advanced drug delivery field. In this review, we will discuss examples of polypeptide-drug conjugates as single or combination therapies in both preclinical and clinical studies as therapeutics and molecular imaging tools. Importantly, we will critically discuss relevant examples to highlight those parameters relevant to their rational design, such as linking chemistry, the analytical strategies employed, and their physicochemical and biological characterization, that will foster their rapid clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Melnyk
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Snežana Đorđević
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Conejos-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - María J Vicent
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
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Laaniste A, Leito I, Kruve A. ESI outcompetes other ion sources in LC/MS trace analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3533-3542. [PMID: 31025182 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Choosing an appropriate ion source is a crucial step in liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method development. In this paper, we compare four ion sources for LC/MS analysis of 40 pesticides in tomato and garlic matrices. We compare electrospray ionisation (ESI) source, thermally focused/heated electrospray (HESI), atmospheric pressure photoionisation (APPI) source with and without dopant, and multimode source in ESI mode, atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) mode, and combined mode using both ESI and APCI, i.e. altogether seven different ionisation modes. The lowest limits of detection (LoDs) were obtained by ESI and HESI. Widest linear ranges were observed with the conventional ESI source without heated nebuliser gas. In comparison to HESI, ESI source was significantly less affected by matrix effect. APPI ranked second (after ESI) by not being influenced by matrix effect; therefore, it would be a good alternative to ESI if low LoDs are not required. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asko Laaniste
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Kruve
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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6
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De Freitas KCB. Resolving the Discrepancies Between Empirical and Rayleigh Charge Limiting Models for Globular Proteins. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2059-2066. [PMID: 30043359 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Starting with the Rayleigh charge limiting model, a slightly different approach is used to account for the well-known discrepancy that exists between the said model and experimental ESI MS data for globular proteins. It is shown using published datasets that for globular proteins, the mass density ρ exhibits a weak second-order dependence on its mass M, according to ρ(M)∝ M-α, α ~ 0.14. A direct equivalence established between ESI MS and x-ray techniques suggests a minimum but critical surface tension of 15.6 ± 5.2 mN/m for the droplet at the liquid-to-gas phase transition point. The packing density factor η for globular proteins is believed to lie between 1 (very tightly packed) and 4.6 (less tight, natively packed). While the Rayleigh charge limiting model has been linked historically to the CRM (J. Chem. Phys. 49:2240-2249, 1968; Anal. Chim. Acta 406:93-104, 2000), this paper does not expressly seek to justify the CRM, but rather uses empirical data and existing knowledge across subfields to help build a consistent picture of ESI MS phenomena that might be difficult to explain otherwise. These results would be useful in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, understanding liquid-to-gas phase transitions and in opening up new routes for cross-calibration between ESI MS, IM MS, NMR and x-ray crystallography studies. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C B De Freitas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK.
- The Doctors Laboratory, The Halo Building, 1 Mabledon Place, London, WC1H 9AX, UK.
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McCulloch RD, Robb DB. Field-Free Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization–Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Steroids within Complex Biological Matrices. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4169-4176. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. McCulloch
- University of British Columbia, Department
of Earth and Ocean Sciences, 2049-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Damon B. Robb
- University of British Columbia, Department
of Earth and Ocean Sciences, 2049-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Toss V, Leito I, Yurchenko S, Freiberg R, Kruve A. Determination of glyphosate in surface water with high organic matter content. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7880-7888. [PMID: 28194676 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the sample preparation and analysis process in order to achieve adequate results for surface water collected from rivers that flow through swamps and are consequently rich in organic matter. We show that matrix effects in glyphosate determination can be reduced by optimizing sample volume, liquid chromatography (LC) mobile phase buffer concentration and pH as well as gradient speed. Also, aspects of derivatization procedure (borate buffer concentration, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride concentration) and their influence on accuracy are considered in detail. We encountered a cross-talk effect in the mass spectra, interfering with quantization during analysis, which was removed by optimizing MS parameters. As a result it was demonstrated that isotope-labelled internal standard with just one 13C atom is sufficient for the analysis.All these aspects were found to strongly impact the accuracy of the glyphosate determination but have received little or no attention in earlier works. We propose a reliable solid phase extraction and LC/ESI/MS/MS method for determination of glyphosate in organic-rich waters and demonstrate that LoD can be decreased by about two times using an ESI nebulizer with a modified design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahur Toss
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sergei Yurchenko
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rene Freiberg
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Kruve
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
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Paíga P, Santos L, Delerue-Matos C. Development of a multi-residue method for the determination of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals and some of their metabolites in aqueous environmental matrices by SPE-UHPLC–MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 135:75-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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10
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Paíga P, Silva LMS, Delerue-Matos C. Optimization of the Ion Source-Mass Spectrometry Parameters in Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Pharmaceuticals Analysis by a Design of Experiments Approach. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1703-1714. [PMID: 27527098 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The flow rates of drying and nebulizing gas, heat block and desolvation line temperatures and interface voltage are potential electrospray ionization parameters as they may enhance sensitivity of the mass spectrometer. The conditions that give higher sensitivity of 13 pharmaceuticals were explored. First, Plackett-Burman design was implemented to screen significant factors, and it was concluded that interface voltage and nebulizing gas flow were the only factors that influence the intensity signal for all pharmaceuticals. This fractionated factorial design was projected to set a full 2(2) factorial design with center points. The lack-of-fit test proved to be significant. Then, a central composite face-centered design was conducted. Finally, a stepwise multiple linear regression and subsequently an optimization problem solving were carried out. Two main drug clusters were found concerning the signal intensities of all runs of the augmented factorial design. p-Aminophenol, salicylic acid, and nimesulide constitute one cluster as a result of showing much higher sensitivity than the remaining drugs. The other cluster is more homogeneous with some sub-clusters comprising one pharmaceutical and its respective metabolite. It was observed that instrumental signal increased when both significant factors increased with maximum signal occurring when both codified factors are set at level +1. It was also found that, for most of the pharmaceuticals, interface voltage influences the intensity of the instrument more than the nebulizing gas flowrate. The only exceptions refer to nimesulide where the relative importance of the factors is reversed and still salicylic acid where both factors equally influence the instrumental signal. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Paíga
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M S Silva
- CIETI, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
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Laaniste A, Leito I, Rebane R, Lõhmus R, Lõhmus A, Punga F, Kruve A. Determination of neonicotinoids in Estonian honey by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:455-464. [PMID: 27050772 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1159457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive overview of neonicotinoid pesticide residues in honey samples for a single country and compare the results with the import data for neonicotinoid pesticides. The levels of four neonicotinoid pesticides, namely thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid, were determined in 294 honey samples harvested from 2005 to 2013 from more than 200 locations in Estonia. For the analyzed honey samples, 27% contained thiacloprid, and its levels in all cases were below the maximum residue level set by the European Union. The other neonicotinoids were not detected. The proportion of thiacloprid-positive samples for different years correlates well with the data on thiacloprid imports into Estonia, indicating that honey contamination with neonicotinoids can be estimated based on the import data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asko Laaniste
- a Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Ivo Leito
- a Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Riin Rebane
- a Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Rünno Lõhmus
- b Institute of Physics, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Ants Lõhmus
- b Institute of Physics, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Fredrik Punga
- c Estonian Nanotechnology Competence Centre , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Anneli Kruve
- a Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
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Hecht ES, Oberg AL, Muddiman DC. Optimizing Mass Spectrometry Analyses: A Tailored Review on the Utility of Design of Experiments. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:767-85. [PMID: 26951559 PMCID: PMC4841694 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a tool that can analyze nearly all classes of molecules, with its scope rapidly expanding in the areas of post-translational modifications, MS instrumentation, and many others. Yet integration of novel analyte preparatory and purification methods with existing or novel mass spectrometers can introduce new challenges for MS sensitivity. The mechanisms that govern detection by MS are particularly complex and interdependent, including ionization efficiency, ion suppression, and transmission. Performance of both off-line and MS methods can be optimized separately or, when appropriate, simultaneously through statistical designs, broadly referred to as "design of experiments" (DOE). The following review provides a tutorial-like guide into the selection of DOE for MS experiments, the practices for modeling and optimization of response variables, and the available software tools that support DOE implementation in any laboratory. This review comes 3 years after the latest DOE review (Hibbert DB, 2012), which provided a comprehensive overview on the types of designs available and their statistical construction. Since that time, new classes of DOE, such as the definitive screening design, have emerged and new calls have been made for mass spectrometrists to adopt the practice. Rather than exhaustively cover all possible designs, we have highlighted the three most practical DOE classes available to mass spectrometrists. This review further differentiates itself by providing expert recommendations for experimental setup and defining DOE entirely in the context of three case-studies that highlight the utility of different designs to achieve different goals. A step-by-step tutorial is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Hecht
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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13
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Structure–response relationship in electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry of sartans by artificial neural networks. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1438:123-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Chemometric approach to optimize the operational parameters of ESI for the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in aqueous matrices by LC-IT-TOF-HRMS. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Critical practical aspects in the application of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric studies for the characterization of impurities and degradation products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 87:191-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Kostić N, Dotsikas Y, Malenović A, Jančić Stojanović B, Rakić T, Ivanović D, Medenica M. Stepwise optimization approach for improving LC-MS/MS analysis of zwitterionic antiepileptic drugs with implementation of experimental design. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:875-884. [PMID: 23832944 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a step-by-step optimization procedure for improving analyte response with implementation of experimental design is described. Zwitterionic antiepileptics, namely vigabatrin, pregabalin and gabapentin, were chosen as model compounds to undergo chloroformate-mediated derivatization followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Application of a planned stepwise optimization procedure allowed responses of analytes, expressed as areas and signal-to-noise ratios, to be improved, enabling achievement of lower limit of detection values. Results from the current study demonstrate that optimization of parameters such as scan time, geometry of ion source, sheath and auxiliary gas pressure, capillary temperature, collision pressure and mobile phase composition can have a positive impact on sensitivity of LC-MS/MS methods. Optimization of LC and MS parameters led to a total increment of 53.9%, 83.3% and 95.7% in areas of derivatized vigabatrin, pregabalin and gabapentin, respectively, while for signal-to-noise values, an improvement of 140.0%, 93.6% and 124.0% was achieved, compared to autotune settings. After defining the final optimal conditions, a time-segmented method was validated for the determination of mentioned drugs in plasma. The method proved to be accurate and precise with excellent linearity for the tested concentration range (40.0 ng ml(-1)-10.0 × 10(3) ng ml(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nađa Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Analysis, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
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Critical investigation of the substituent distribution in the polymer chains of hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses by (LC-)ESI-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:9021-32. [PMID: 23774831 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Three hydroxypropyl methylcellulose samples (HPMC1-3, DS(Me) = 1.45, 1.29, and 1.36; MS(HP) = 0.28, 0.46, and 0.84) were analyzed with respect to their methyl and hydroxypropyl substitution pattern in the polymer chains. Ionization yield of HPMC oligomers in electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MS) is strongly influenced by the hydroxypropyl pattern. Therefore, a sample derivatization procedure, as well as suitable measurement conditions that enable relative quantification were elaborated. Analysis was performed by negative ESI-IT-MS after per(deutero)methylation, partial depolymerization, and reductive amination with m-aminobenzoic acid. Measurement parameters like solvent, trap drive, and voltages of the ion transportation unit were studied with regard to the suitability for quantitative evaluation. Using direct infusion of the samples, strong influence of trap drive and octopole settings was observed. Optimized measurement conditions were used for the determination of the HP pattern of the permethylated samples by direct infusion. The methyl pattern was determined from the perdeuteromethylated samples by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. For HPMC1, substituents were both found to fit the random distribution model. The other two samples showed pronounced heterogeneity which could be interpreted in more detail by extracting methyl subpatterns depending on the number of HP groups.
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Zhang F, Yu C, Wang W, Fan R, Zhang Z, Guo Y. Rapid simultaneous screening and identification of multiple pesticide residues in vegetables. Anal Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kruve A, Leito I, Herodes K, Laaniste A, Lõhmus R. Enhanced nebulization efficiency of electrospray mass spectrometry: improved sensitivity and detection limit. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:2051-2054. [PMID: 23001970 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrospray nebulizer has been designed, which includes an additional nebulization gas capillary inside the liquid capillary. This design offers significantly enhanced ionization efficiency compared with the classic nebulizer design and leads to improved sensitivity (by three to 10 times) and decreases the detection limit, on an average 10 times. We see these results as the first step in the design of ESI nebulizers offering improved sensitivity and higher robustness. Possible future developments would include optimization of the dimensions of the capillaries as well as testing the nebulizer for other matrices and analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Kruve
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia.
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Gilbert-López B, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A. Determination of fungicide residues in baby food by liquid chromatography–ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2012; 135:780-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rebane R, Oldekop ML, Herodes K. Comparison of amino acid derivatization reagents for LC–ESI-MS analysis. Introducing a novel phosphazene-based derivatization reagent. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 904:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ferrer C, Lozano A, Agüera A, Girón AJ, Fernández-Alba A. Overcoming matrix effects using the dilution approach in multiresidue methods for fruits and vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7634-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rebane R, Herodes K, Leito I. Analysis of selenomethylselenocysteine and selenomethionine by LC-ESI-MS/MS with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate derivatization. Analyst 2011; 136:5241-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an01031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Application of the QuEChERS method for the analysis of pyrethrins and pyrethroids in fish tissues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:2525-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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