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Lu R, Xie S, Xu Z, Liu Z, Jiang J, Tang L, Jin Y, Fu X. Detection and analysis of parvovirus B19 among blood donors in a regional blood center in Eastern China. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35431. [PMID: 39166038 PMCID: PMC11334868 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The B19 virus is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract; however, studies have shown that it can also be transmitted through blood transfusions or plasma products. This study investigated B19V antibodies, DNA, and gene typing in blood donors at a central blood station in China to evaluate the status of B19V infection. Materials and methods A total of 7728 samples from Suzhou Blood Center were collected from July 2022 to April 2023. Samples were detected for the B19V DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, 893 selected samples were screened for the seroprevalence of B19V antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The NS1-VP1u fragment of the B19V DNA-positive samples was amplified using nested PCR, and the sequences were determined. A B19V phylogenetic tree was constructed using neighborhood joint and maximum parsimony methods to discriminate genotypes using the NS1-VP1u sequences. Results The percentages of IgG, IgM, and DNA were 19.4 %, 1.9 %, and 0.09 %, respectively. IgG positivity increased with age, and there was a significant difference among the blood groups. The IgG levels of repeat donors were greater than those of first-time donors. There were no apparent differences in the IgM levels in all the participants. Genotyping revealed that the B19 genotype was 1. Conclusions The prevalence of B19V antibodies and DNA was lower in these areas than in rest of China, indicating that the risk of B19V transmission via transfusion may be relatively low. However, during transfusion, particular attention should be paid to the B19V-susceptible populations, especially those in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lu
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuhong Xie
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Zihao Xu
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Longhai Tang
- Transfusion Research Laboratory, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Jin
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Suzhou Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- Department of Blood Screening Test, Tai Cang Blood Branch Station, Tai Cang, China
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2
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Viral agents (2nd section). Transfusion 2024; 64 Suppl 1:S19-S207. [PMID: 38394038 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
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3
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Kashiwakura Y, Ohmori T. Genome Editing of Murine Liver Hepatocytes by AAV Vector-Mediated Expression of Cas9 In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2637:195-211. [PMID: 36773148 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3016-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are attractive tools for gene transfer to the liver and are used as gene therapeutic drugs for inherited disorders. The intravenous injection of an AAV vector harboring the gene of interest driven by the hepatocyte-specific promoter could efficiently express the target gene in liver hepatocytes. The delivery of genome editing tools including Cas9 and gRNA, by the AAV vector, can efficiently disrupt the target gene expression in the liver in vivo by intravenous administration in mice. We can quickly obtain mice lacking specific gene expression in the liver only by administering the AAV vector. The method could be suitable for developing genome editing treatments for inherited disorders and basic research exploring the physiological role of the target gene produced from liver hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kashiwakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Tsukasa Ohmori
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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4
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Dai Z, Wang H, Wu H, Zhang Q, Ji L, Wang X, Shen Q, Yang S, Ma X, Shan T, Zhang W. Parvovirus dark matter in the cloaca of wild birds. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad001. [PMID: 36734170 PMCID: PMC9896142 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of viral metagenomics and next-generation sequencing technology, more and more novel parvoviruses have been identified in recent years, including even entirely new lineages. The Parvoviridae family includes a different group of viruses that can infect a wide variety of animals. In this study, systematic analysis was performed to identify the "dark matter" (datasets that cannot be easily attributed to known viruses) of parvoviruses and to explore their genetic diversity from wild birds' cloacal swab samples. We have tentatively defined this parvovirus "dark matter" as a highly divergent lineage in the Parvoviridae family. All parvoviruses showed several characteristics, including 2 major protein-coding genes and similar genome lengths. Moreover, we observed that the novel parvo-like viruses share similar genome organizations to most viruses in Parvoviridae but could not clustered with the established subfamilies in phylogenetic analysis. We also found some new members associated with the Bidnaviridae family, which may be derived from parvovirus. This suggests that systematic analysis of domestic and wild animal samples is necessary to explore the genetic diversity of parvoviruses and to mine for more of this potential dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China
| | - Haoning Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Harbin University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, China
| | - Haisheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
- Qinghai Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai 810099, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Qinghai Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai 810099, China
| | - Likai Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Quan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Shixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Qinghai Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai 810099, China
| | - Tongling Shan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 810099, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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5
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Cheng P, Jian Q, Fu Z, Ma Y. Parvovirus B19-Associated Severe Anemia in Adult Liver Transplant Recipients: A Case Series and Review of the Literature. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2022; 23:848-856. [PMID: 36269593 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2022.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection is a rare cause of severe anemia in liver transplant recipients. However, few studies have systematically reviewed reported cases and summarized experience in managing this disease. Objective: We described a retrospective case series of eight adult liver transplant recipients with B19V-associated severe anemia and performed a literature review of epidemiology, etiology, clinical courses, diagnosis, treatment options available, and outcomes of B19V-associated anemia in adult liver transplant recipients. Patients and Methods: We systematically reviewed articles describing adult liver transplant recipients with B19V-associated anemia from PubMed and ScienceDirect databases from database inception to May 2022. Results: Eight articles containing 23 cases were identified in addition to eight cases from our center for a total of 31 patients (mean age, 45.7 ± 9.7 years; 74.2% male). Eighty-seven percent developed transfusion-dependent anemia within two months after liver transplantation (LT). Fever and progressive anemia are among the major manifestations. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-based therapy was given to all patients and the treatment protocols varied among different centers. Except for two cases who died of comorbidities, 17 patients obtained long-term recovery from anemia after one course of treatment and six (19%) experienced relapses that were reversed by repeated courses of IVIG therapy. Two recipients presented with IVIG-associated side effects and two developed acute cellular rejection (ACR) after reduction of immunosuppression. Conclusions: B19V infection should be suspected early as a cause of severe anemia of unknown etiology in adult liver transplant recipients. The clearance of B19V typically lags behind recovery of anemia, and inadequate clearance of virus after cessation of IVIG appears to be a potential risk of anemia recurrence. Moreover, more attention should be paid to the side effects of high-dose IVIG infusion and ACR because of reduction of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengrui Cheng
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Jian
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongli Fu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Alves ADR, Raposo JV, de Sousa RMP, Cardoso CAA, Costa PKSDF, Araújo JM, Barreiro STA, Bressan CDS, Calvet GA, de Souza RV, Brasil P, Cubel Garcia RDCN, Pinto MA, de Paula VS, Amado LA. Beyond arboviruses: A multicenter study to evaluate differential diagnosis of rash diseases and acute febrile illness cases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271758. [PMID: 35905118 PMCID: PMC9337664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
A wide variety of viruses can cause rash diseases (RDs) or acute febrile illness (AFIs) in children, adolescents and adults; however, approximately 19% of RD cases and 40% of AFI cases remain without a defined etiology. Parvovirus B19 (B19V) and herpesvirus infection can also cause RD and/or AFI, and in some risk groups, these infections can become persistent (or latent) and may require hospital treatment. Since these infections do not have mandatory reporting, they can be hidden by other diseases, such as those caused by arboviruses (e.g., dengue virus). In this context, the aim of this study was to pursue the differential laboratory diagnoses of B19V and herpesvirus infections in patients with RD and AFI, without a defined etiology, seen in hospitals and/or reference centers for infectious diseases in Rio de Janeiro.
Methods
A total of 114 participants were enrolled in the study, including 54 children and 60 adults. B19V infection was assessed by real-time PCR (qPCR) and ELISA (anti-B19V IgM and IgG). EBV was assessed through qPCR, and betaherpesviruses (HCMV, HHV-6 and HHV-7) were assessed through multiplex qPCR. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the medical record data of these participants.
Results
The median age of children with RD was 2 years (interquartile range (IQR): 5), and 55.6% were male. Among adults with AFI, the median age was 38 years (IQR: 21), and 56.7% were female. Regarding RD patients, viral prevalence (and load) were 5.5%(104IU/mL), 3.4%(104IU/mL), 5.5%(104IU/mL) and 11.1%(105IU/mL) for B19V, EBV, HCMV and HHV-6 infection, respectively, and in AFI patients they were 6.6%(105IU/mL), 1.6%(103IU/mL), 3.3%(104IU/mL) for B19V, HCMV and HHV-6, respectively. HHV-7 was not detected in RD or AFI patients.
Conclusion
These results suggest the importance of including B19V and herpesviruses in the differential laboratory diagnoses for patients with RD and AFI, not only for epidemiological purposes but also for the proper management of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Jéssica Vasques Raposo
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Clarisse da Silveira Bressan
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rogério Valls de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Marcelo Alves Pinto
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Salete de Paula
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Luciane Almeida Amado
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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7
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Szwarcwort M, Wax M, Halutz O, Mendelson E, Mor O. Evaluation of Biotrin, Serion and Euroimmun Commercial Assays for the Detection of Parvovirus B19-Specific IgM and IgG Antibodies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 103:115723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Ai L, Zhu C, Zhang W, He T, Ke Y, Wu J, Yin W, Zou X, Ding C, Luo Y, Wang C, Qian H, Tan W. Genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a new bat adenoviruses strains that was isolated in at sites along the southeastern coasts of the P. R. of China from 2015 to 2019. Virus Res 2022; 308:198653. [PMID: 34896154 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bats are important reservoirs for many kinds of emerging zoonotic viruses. In order to explore potential pathogens carried by bats and trace the source of adenovirus outbreaks on the southeastern coast of China, we took pharyngeal and anal swabs from a total of 552 bats (Rhinolophus pusillus) collected from various areas of Chinese southeastern coast. Adenoviruses were identified in 36 out of the 552 samples (6.5%) . Complete genome sequences of two adenovirus isolations from Vero E6 cells were obtained, which were further validated as identical strains via next-generation sequencing and were named Bat-Advcxc6. The cell culture inoculated with the two samples exhibited remarkable cytopathic changes. The full genome has 37,315 bp and owns 29 open reading frames. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that Bat-Advcxc6 represented a novel bat adenovirus species in the genus Mastadenovirus. Transmission electron microgram showed clear virus particles. Bat-Advcxc6 shared similar characteristics of G + C contents with Bat mastadenovirus WIV11 (Bat mastadenovirus C) found in China in 2016, but differed from this serotype due to a <75% similarity with DNA polymerase amino acid sequences in WIV11. As it is a newly found adenovirus strain according to the international classification criteria, further analyses of virus dynamics, epithelial invasion, and immunization assays are required to explore its potential threats of cross-species transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Ai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Changqiang Zhu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting He
- Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Huai 'an First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai 'an, China
| | | | - Chenxi Ding
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhe Luo
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China; Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, China.
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, China.
| | - Weilong Tan
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, China.
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Wagner HJ, Weber W, Fussenegger M. Synthetic Biology: Emerging Concepts to Design and Advance Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004018. [PMID: 33977059 PMCID: PMC8097373 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Three recent approvals and over 100 ongoing clinical trials make adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors the leading gene delivery vehicles in gene therapy. Pharmaceutical companies are investing in this small and nonpathogenic gene shuttle to increase the therapeutic portfolios within the coming years. This prospect of marking a new era in gene therapy has fostered both investigations of the fundamental AAV biology as well as engineering studies to enhance delivery vehicles. Driven by the high clinical potential, a new generation of synthetic-biologically engineered AAV vectors is on the rise. Concepts from synthetic biology enable the control and fine-tuning of vector function at different stages of cellular transduction and gene expression. It is anticipated that the emerging field of synthetic-biologically engineered AAV vectors can shape future gene therapeutic approaches and thus the design of tomorrow's gene delivery vectors. This review describes and discusses the recent trends in capsid and vector genome engineering, with particular emphasis on synthetic-biological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J. Wagner
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichMattenstrasse 26Basel4058Switzerland
- Faculty of BiologyUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 1Freiburg79104Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSSUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 18Freiburg79104Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of BiologyUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 1Freiburg79104Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSSUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 18Freiburg79104Germany
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichMattenstrasse 26Basel4058Switzerland
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 50Basel4056Switzerland
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10
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Human Parvovirus B19 Infection Among Blood Donors in North-East of Iran. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.97856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Human parvovirus B19 is a single-stranded DNA and non-enveloped virus which belongs to the Parvoviridae family. The virus spreads through respiratory secretions and perinatal blood. B19 may cause serious complications in patients with cellular immunodeficiency that have no detectable antibodies to B19, such as aplastic crises in solid organs. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of parvovirus B19 and to evaluate the presence of B19 DNA among blood donors in Golestan Province. Methods: Sera of 400 blood donors in Golestan Province who were negative for HIV, HbsAg, and HCV were tested for both IgG and IgM anti-B19 virus antibodies using the ELISA method, following which all sera were tested for the presence of B19 DNA by semi-nested PCR. Results: 242 (out of 400) subjects (60.5%; 95% CI) were positive for anti-B19 IgG, and 158 were negative for IgG antibody (39.5%; 95% CI). Moreover, all asymptomatic blood donors were negative for anti-B19 IgM. No viral genome was found in serum samples of donors. Conclusions: Since no viral genome was found in the donors' serum samples and the relatively high prevalence of anti HPV- B19 IgG in blood donors, it can be concluded that the possibility of B19 transmission through blood transfusion is low. However, special caution should be taken when transfusing blood to the high-risk groups such as pregnant women, immune-deficient patients, and those with hematological problems, particularly regarding IgG anti- HPV- B19 antibodies (HPV- B19-safe).
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11
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Li X, Lin Z, Liu J, Tang Y, Yuan X, Li N, Lin Z, Chen Y, Liu A. Overall prevalence of human parvovirus B19 among blood donors in mainland China: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19832. [PMID: 32332630 PMCID: PMC7220778 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection exhibits a broad range of clinical outcomes. Blood transfusion is a common route of B19V transmission. However, information about the overall prevalence of B19V infection and B19V genotypes among blood donors in mainland China is lacking. METHODS This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search for studies reporting the B19V prevalence among blood donors in mainland China from 2000 to 2018 was performed. The prevalence of B19V was estimated through a meta-analysis of the relevant literature. A comprehensive meta-analysis program was used for data processing and statistical analysis. RESULTS Twenty-one eligible articles were included, involving 48,923 participants assessed for B19V-DNA, 12,948 participants assessed for anti-B19V immunoglobulin M (IgM), and 8244 participants assessed for anti-B19V immunoglobulin G (IgG). The analysis revealed the pooled estimates of the prevalence rates of B19V-DNA, anti-B19V IgM, and anti-B19V IgG among blood donors to be 0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2-2.4%), 2.7% (95% CI 1.7-4.3%), and 33.6% (95% CI 28.2-39.4%), respectively. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses indicated that 142 of 169 (84.0%) B19V isolates belonged to Genotype 1. CONCLUSIONS The overall prevalence of B19V among blood donors is not high in mainland China, and most isolates belong to Genotype 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medical Technology and Engineering
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health
| | - Jiayan Liu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
| | - Nainong Li
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
| | - Zhenxing Lin
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
| | - Yuanzhong Chen
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
| | - Ailin Liu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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12
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Kishore J, Kishore D. Clinical impact & pathogenic mechanisms of human parvovirus B19: A multiorgan disease inflictor incognito. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:373-384. [PMID: 30666000 PMCID: PMC6362725 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_533_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes myriads of clinical diseases; however, owing to lack of awareness and undetermined clinical impact, it has failed to become a virus pathogen of global concern. Cryptically, B19V causes significant morbidity and mortality. Half of the world population and 60 per cent of Indians are known to be serologically naive and are at risk of acquiring B19V infections. Cumulatively, our data showed 21.3 per cent B19V-infected patients with juvenile chronic arthropathy, recurrent abortions, multi-transfused thalassaemia and leukaemia. In addition, B19V-infected cases that ended fatally included patients with pure red cell aplasia, fulminant hepatitis and haemophagocytic syndrome. Novel clinical associations of B19V observed were amegakaryocytic thrombocytopaenia, myositis and non-occlusive ischaemic gangrene of bowel. B19V possesses multiple receptors which are distributed widely in human tissues. Vascular endothelial cell infection by B19V causes endothelialitis and vasculitic injuries besides antibody-dependent enhancement which empowered B19V to cause multiorgan diseases. Owing to lack of suitable animal model for B19V, true causal role remains to be determined, but numerous reports on B19V infections substantiate a causal role in multiorgan diseases. Hence, B19V infections need to be recognized, investigated and treated besides making efforts on vaccine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak Kishore
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Kishore
- Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Xu P, Chen AY, Ganaie SS, Cheng F, Shen W, Wang X, Kleiboeker S, Li Y, Qiu J. The 11-Kilodalton Nonstructural Protein of Human Parvovirus B19 Facilitates Viral DNA Replication by Interacting with Grb2 through Its Proline-Rich Motifs. J Virol 2019; 93:e01464-18. [PMID: 30282717 PMCID: PMC6288338 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01464-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lytic infection of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) takes place exclusively in human erythroid progenitor cells of bone marrow and fetal liver, which disrupts erythropoiesis. During infection, B19V expresses three nonstructural proteins (NS1, 11-kDa, and 7.5-kDa) and two structural proteins (VP1 and VP2). While NS1 is essential for B19V DNA replication, 11-kDa enhances viral DNA replication significantly. In this study, we confirmed the enhancement role of 11-kDa in viral DNA replication and elucidated the underlying mechanism. We found that 11-kDa specially interacts with cellular growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) during virus infection and in vitro We determined a high affinity interaction between 11-kDa and Grb2 that has an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD ) value of 18.13 nM. In vitro, one proline-rich motif was sufficient for 11-kDa to sustain a strong interaction with Grb2. In consistence, in vivo during infection, one proline-rich motif was enough for 11-kDa to significantly reduce phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Mutations of all three proline-rich motifs of 11-kDa abolished its capability to reduce ERK activity and, accordingly, decreased viral DNA replication. Transduction of a lentiviral vector encoding a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Grb2 decreased the expression of Grb2 as well as the level of ERK phosphorylation, which resulted in an increase of B19V replication. These results, in concert, indicate that the B19V 11-kDa protein interacts with cellular Grb2 to downregulate ERK activity, which upregulates viral DNA replication.IMPORTANCE Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection causes hematological disorders and is the leading cause of nonimmunological fetal hydrops during pregnancy. During infection, B19V expresses two structural proteins, VP1 and VP2, and three nonstructural proteins, NS1, 11-kDa, and 7.5-kDa. While NS1 is essential, 11-kDa plays an enhancing role in viral DNA replication. Here, we elucidated a mechanism underlying 11-kDa protein-regulated B19V DNA replication. 11-kDa is tightly associated with cellular growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) during infection. In vitro, 11-kDa interacts with Grb2 with high affinity through three proline-rich motifs, of which at least one is indispensable for the regulation of viral DNA replication. 11-kDa and Grb2 interaction disrupts extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling, which mediates upregulation of B19V replication. Thus, our study reveals a novel mechanism of how a parvoviral small nonstructural protein regulates viral DNA replication by interacting with a host protein that is predominately expressed in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Aaron Yun Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Safder S Ganaie
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Weiran Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Steve Kleiboeker
- Department of Research and Development, Viracor Eurofins Laboratories, Lee's Summit, Missouri, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Abstract
This chapter is the first one to introduce the detection of viral RNA splicing as a new tool for clinical diagnosis of virus infections. These include various infections caused by influenza viruses, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), Torque teno viruses (TTV), parvoviruses, adenoviruses, hepatitis B virus, polyomaviruses, herpesviruses, and papillomaviruses. Detection of viral RNA splicing for active viral gene expression in a clinical sample is a nucleic acid-based detection. The interpretation of the detected viral RNA splicing results is straightforward without concern for carry-over DNA contamination, because the spliced RNA is smaller than its corresponding DNA template. Although many methods can be used, a simple method to detect viral RNA splicing is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In principle, the detection of spliced RNA transcripts by RT-PCR depends on amplicon selection and primer design. The most common approach is the amplification over the intron regions by a set of primers in flanking exons. A larger product than the predicted size of smaller, spliced RNA is in general an unspliced RNA or contaminating viral genomic DNA. A spliced mRNA always gives a smaller RT-PCR product than its unspliced RNA due to removal of intron sequences by RNA splicing. The contaminating viral DNA can be determined by a minus RT amplification (PCR). Alternatively, specific amplification of a spliced RNA can be obtained by using an exon-exon junction primer because the sequence at exon-exon junction is not present in the unspliced RNA nor in viral genomic DNA.
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15
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Bergallo M, DaprÀ V, Fava P, Ponti R, Calvi C, Fierro MT, Quaglino P, Galliano I, Montanari P. Lack of detection of Cutavirus DNA using PCR real time in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2018; 155:772-774. [PMID: 30375215 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.06161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel human protoparvovirus named Cutavirus has been discovered. We investigated the presence of Cutavirus in a sample of Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas by using PCR real time TaqMan® (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). METHODS In total, 55 CTCL samples were analyzed using a TaqMan® Real time PCR on a 7500 ABI instrument. All of these shown internal control amplification. RESULTS The presence of Cutavirus DNA corresponding was examined. CuV DNA sequences were not detected in any skin specimen. CONCLUSIONS The role of Cutaviruses in cutaneous cancers remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Bergallo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
| | - Valentina DaprÀ
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Renata Ponti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Calvi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria T Fierro
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Galliano
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Montanari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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16
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Roediger B, Lee Q, Tikoo S, Cobbin JCA, Henderson JM, Jormakka M, O'Rourke MB, Padula MP, Pinello N, Henry M, Wynne M, Santagostino SF, Brayton CF, Rasmussen L, Lisowski L, Tay SS, Harris DC, Bertram JF, Dowling JP, Bertolino P, Lai JH, Wu W, Bachovchin WW, Wong JJL, Gorrell MD, Shaban B, Holmes EC, Jolly CJ, Monette S, Weninger W. An Atypical Parvovirus Drives Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephropathy and Kidney Fibrosis. Cell 2018; 175:530-543.e24. [PMID: 30220458 PMCID: PMC6800251 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of a spontaneous nephropathy with intranuclear inclusions in laboratory mice has puzzled pathologists for over 4 decades, because its etiology remains elusive. The condition is more severe in immunodeficient animals, suggesting an infectious cause. Using metagenomics, we identify the causative agent as an atypical virus, termed "mouse kidney parvovirus" (MKPV), belonging to a divergent genus of Parvoviridae. MKPV was identified in animal facilities in Australia and North America, is transmitted via a fecal-oral or urinary-oral route, and is controlled by the adaptive immune system. Detailed analysis of the clinical course and histopathological features demonstrated a stepwise progression of pathology ranging from sporadic tubular inclusions to tubular degeneration and interstitial fibrosis and culminating in renal failure. In summary, we identify a widely distributed pathogen in laboratory mice and establish MKPV-induced nephropathy as a new tool for elucidating mechanisms of tubulointerstitial fibrosis that shares molecular features with chronic kidney disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Roediger
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Quintin Lee
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Shweta Tikoo
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Joanna C A Cobbin
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - James M Henderson
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Mika Jormakka
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Matthew B O'Rourke
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Proteomics Core Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Natalia Pinello
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Marisa Henry
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Laboratory Animal Services, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Maria Wynne
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Laboratory Animal Services, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sara F Santagostino
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cory F Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Leszek Lisowski
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Centre, Puławy 24-100, Poland
| | - Szun S Tay
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - David C Harris
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - John F Bertram
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John P Dowling
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Patrick Bertolino
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Jack H Lai
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Wengen Wu
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - William W Bachovchin
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Justin J-L Wong
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Mark D Gorrell
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Babak Shaban
- Australian Genomics Research Facility, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia; Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher J Jolly
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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17
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Raturi G, Kaur P, Kaur G. Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 amongst North Indian blood donors - do current donor testing guidelines need a relook? Transfus Apher Sci 2018; 57:646-650. [PMID: 30087085 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was aimed to find out the prevalence of parvovirus B19 amongst healthy blood donors and blood transfusion recipients so as to determine the feasibility of providing seronegative blood components to vulnerable recipients. METHODS A total of 1000 samples were studied which included 800 blood donors and 200 transfusion recipients.The transfusion recipients included 100 multitransfused patients and 100 non transfused controls.All samples were subjected to parvovirus B19 ELISA for IgG and IgM antibodies. RESULTS Of the 800 blood donors,663(82.9%) were voluntary while 137(17.1%) were replacement donors.The seroprevalence of B19V IgG antibodies among healthy blood donors was found to be 34.1% whilst that of IgM antibodies was 1.4%.The seroprevalence of B19 V IgG antibodies was found to be 28.4% in the age group 18-35 years and 42.1% in donors more than 35 years of age(p ≤ 0.01). The overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies in multitransfused patients was 34% and IgM antibodies was 7.0%.The B19 V IgG prevalence was 20% in the transfused patients aged 0-20 years and 48% in patients above 20 years of age (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION The moderately high seroprevalence of B19 V IgG in blood donors and patients suggests endemicity of infection.However, prevalence of B19 V IgM antibodies in blood donors is low.With the widespread use of pooled plasma derived medicinal products and recognition of severe pathological effects in susceptible recipients, transfusion transmission of B19 V has become a major concern in the past few decades.We suggest screening of blood units to identify B19 V IgM negative units for transfusion to selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Raturi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - Paramjit Kaur
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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18
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Jia J, Zhong Y, Guo Y, Huangfu C, Zhao X, Fang C, Fan R, Ma Y, Zhang J. Simultaneous detection and differentiation of human parvovirus B19 and human parvovirus 4 by an internally controlled multiplex quantitative real-time PCR. Mol Cell Probes 2017; 36:50-57. [PMID: 28863892 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) and human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) are two parvoviruses known to infect humans and transmit through blood and plasma derived medicinal products (PDMPs). Inactivation of the two parvoviruses has proven to be difficult and nucleic acid testing (NAT) would be an efficient means to exclude viruses. In this study, an internally controlled multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay for B19V and PARV4 simultaneous detection and quantification was established and evaluated. The optimized multiplex qPCR assay allowed for simultaneous detection of all of the genotypes (1-3) of B19V and PARV4, with equal limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5 copies/μL, rather than other blood-borne viruses. It had a wide dynamic range of reliable amplification linearity of at least 8 orders of magnitude. Low standard deviations (SD) of quantification cycle (Cq) values and low coefficients of variation (CV) of copy numbers for both B19V and PARV4 suggested a high level of repeatability and reproducibility for the multiplex qPCR assay. This multiplex qPCR assay can be served as a readily applicable approach to screen plasma units intended for further manufacturing into PDMPs to reduce the risk of parvoviruses infection by such products and may also be useful for the detection of B19V/PARV4 co-infection or co-existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yadi Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Shaanxi Blood Center, Xi'an 710000, China.
| | - Chaoji Huangfu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xiong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chi Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Rui Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Jingang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies & Blood Products and Substitute Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
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19
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Jia J, Ma Y, Zhao X, Huangfu C, Zhong Y, Fang C, Fan R, Lv M, Zhang J. Existence of various human parvovirus B19 genotypes in Chinese plasma pools: genotype 1, genotype 3, putative intergenotypic recombinant variants and new genotypes. Virol J 2016; 13:155. [PMID: 27639978 PMCID: PMC5027099 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a frequent contaminant of blood and plasma-derived medicinal products. Three distinct genotypes of B19V have been identified. The distribution of the three B19V genotypes has been investigated in various regions or countries. However, in China, data on the existence of different B19V genotypes are limited. Methods One hundred and eighteen B19V-DNA positive source plasma pool samples collected from three Chinese blood products manufacturers were analyzed. The subgenomic NS1/VP1u region junction of B19V was amplified by nested PCR. These amplified products were then cloned and subsequently sequenced. For genotyping, their phylogenetic inferences were constructed based on the NS1/VP1-unique region. Then putative recombination events were analyzed and identified. Results Phylogenetic analysis of 118 B19V sequences attributed 61.86 % to genotype 1a, 10.17 % to genotype 1b, and 17.80 % to genotype 3b. All the genotype 3b sequences obtained in this study grouped as a specific, closely related cluster with B19V strain D91.1. Four 1a/3b recombinants and 5 new atypical B19V variants with no recombination events were identified. Conclusions There were at least 3 subtypes (1a, 1b and 3b) of B19V circulating in China. Furthermore, putative B19V 1a/3b recombinants and unclassified strains were identified as well. Such recombinant and unclassified strains may contribute to the genetic diversity of B19V and consequently complicate the B19V infection diagnosis and NAT screening. Further studies will be required to elucidate the biological significance of the recombinant and unclassified strains. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-016-0611-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Jia
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Xiong Zhao
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chaoji Huangfu
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yadi Zhong
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chi Fang
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Rui Fan
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Maomin Lv
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jingang Zhang
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients with beta thalassemia major in Fayoum University Hospital. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epag.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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21
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Phan TG, Dreno B, da Costa AC, Li L, Orlandi P, Deng X, Kapusinszky B, Siqueira J, Knol AC, Halary F, Dantal J, Alexander KA, Pesavento PA, Delwart E. A new protoparvovirus in human fecal samples and cutaneous T cell lymphomas (mycosis fungoides). Virology 2016; 496:299-305. [PMID: 27393975 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We genetically characterized seven nearly complete genomes in the protoparvovirus genus from the feces of children with diarrhea. The viruses, provisionally named cutaviruses (CutaV), varied by 1-6% nucleotides and shared ~76% and ~82% amino acid identity with the NS1 and VP1 of human bufaviruses, their closest relatives. Using PCR, cutavirus DNA was found in 1.6% (4/245) and 1% (1/100) of diarrhea samples from Brazil and Botswana respectively. In silico analysis of pre-existing metagenomics datasets then revealed closely related parvovirus genomes in skin biopsies from patients with epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL or mycosis fungoides). PCR of skin biopsies yielded cutavirus DNA in 4/17 CTCL, 0/10 skin carcinoma, and 0/21 normal or noncancerous skin biopsies. In situ hybridization of CTCL skin biopsies detected viral genome within rare individual cells in regions of neoplastic infiltrations. The influence of cutavirus infection on human enteric functions and possible oncolytic role in CTCL progression remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung G Phan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Department of Dermatology, Nantes University Hospital, INSERM U 892, Nantes, France.
| | - Antonio Charlys da Costa
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Linlin Li
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Xutao Deng
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Beatrix Kapusinszky
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juliana Siqueira
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Programa de Oncovirologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anne-Chantal Knol
- Department of Dermatology, Nantes University Hospital, INSERM U 892, Nantes, France
| | - Franck Halary
- Institute for Transplantation/Urology and Nephrology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes F44093, France; INSERM, UMR 1064-Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, Nantes F44093, France; University of Nantes, Nantes F44093, France
| | - Jacques Dantal
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Immunology, Transplantation, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Kathleen A Alexander
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; CARACAL, Centre for African Resources: Animals, Communities, and Land Use, Kasane, Botswana
| | - Patricia A Pesavento
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Molecular characteristics of a novel strain of canine minute virus associated with hepatitis in a dog. Arch Virol 2016; 161:2299-304. [PMID: 27251050 PMCID: PMC7087280 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A 5-year-old female Yorkshire terrier dog died a few days following hernia and ovariohysterectomy surgeries. Necropsy performed on the dog revealed that the surgeries were not the cause of death; however, degenerative viral hepatitis, showing intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatic cells, was observed in histopathologic examination. Several diagnostic methods were used to screen for the cause of disease, and minute virus of canines (MVC) was detected in all parenchymal organs, including the liver. Other pathogens that may cause degenerative viral hepatitis were not found. Infection with MVC was confirmed by in situ hybridization, which revealed the presence of MVC nucleic acid in the liver tissue of the dog. Through sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the nearly complete genome sequence, the strain was found to be distinct from other previously reported MVC strains. These results indicate that this novel MVC strain might be related to degenerative viral hepatitis in dogs.
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Asiyabi S, Nejati A, Shoja Z, Shahmahmoodi S, Jalilvand S, Farahmand M, Gorzin AA, Najafi A, Haji Mollahoseini M, Marashi SM. First report of human parvovirus 4 detection in Iran. J Med Virol 2016; 88:1314-8. [PMID: 26812938 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is an emerging and intriguing virus that currently received many attentions. High prevalence of PARV4 infection in high-risk groups such as HIV infected patients highlights the potential clinical outcomes that this virus might have. Molecular techniques were used to determine both the presence and the genotype of circulating PARV4 on previously collected serum samples from 133 HIV infected patients and 120 healthy blood donors. Nested PCR was applied to assess the presence of PARV4 DNA genome in both groups. PARV4 DNA was detected in 35.3% of HIV infected patients compared to 16.6% healthy donors. To genetically characterize the PARV4 genotype in these groups, positive samples were randomly selected and subjected for sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. All PARV4 sequences were found to be genotype 1 and clustered with the reference sequences of PARV4 genotype 1. J. Med. Virol. 88:1314-1318, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Asiyabi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nejati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shohreh Shahmahmoodi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Gorzin
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Najafi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Haji Mollahoseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health (SPH), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Shen H, Zhang W, Wang H, Shao S. Identification of recombination in the NS1 and VPs genes of parvovirus B19. J Med Virol 2016; 88:1457-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Shen
- Medical College; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Medical College; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Medical College; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang P.R. China
| | - Shihe Shao
- Medical College; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang P.R. China
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Jia J, Ma Y, Zhao X, Guo Y, Huangfu C, Fang C, Fan R, Lv M, Yin H, Zhang J. Prevalence of human parvovirus B19 in Chinese plasma pools for manufacturing plasma derivatives. Virol J 2015; 12:162. [PMID: 26445095 PMCID: PMC4596515 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a frequent contaminant of blood and plasma-derived medicinal products. To ensure the quality and safety of plasma-derived products, European regulations, Plasma Protein Therapeutics Association (PPTA) standard and FDA guidelines require testing of manufacturing plasma for parvovirus B19 DNA to limit the load of this virus. In China, however, there have been no related documentation and technical guiding principles for monitoring B19V, moreover, an adequate level of information on the prevalence of B19V in Chinese plasma donations is not available. Findings By using an in-house quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay adapted for all three genotypes of B19V, 235 source plasma pools from three regional different Chinese manufacturers of blood products were screened and quantified. Results showed that 71.91 % (169/235) of plasma pools were contaminated by B19V, with the concentrations of 5.18 × 102–1.05 × 109 IU/mL. Approximately 31.95 % of the DNA-positive plasma pools were only moderately contaminated (<104 IU/mL), while 68.05 % contained >104 IU/mL. Conclusions The high level of B19V in plasma pools could present a great risk in plasma derivatives. Therefore, the implementation of B19V NAT (Nucleic Acid Testing) assays capable of detecting all B19V genotypes and discard donations with high titer B19V DNA for Chinese blood products manufacturers seems to be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Jia
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Xiong Zhao
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Shaanxi Blood Center, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chaoji Huangfu
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Chi Fang
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Rui Fan
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Maomin Lv
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Huiqiong Yin
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Jingang Zhang
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, No. 27 Taiping road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
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26
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Wu Z, Yang L, Ren X, He G, Zhang J, Yang J, Qian Z, Dong J, Sun L, Zhu Y, Du J, Yang F, Zhang S, Jin Q. Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases. ISME JOURNAL 2015; 10:609-20. [PMID: 26262818 PMCID: PMC4817686 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that ~60%–80% of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in humans originated from wild life. Bats are natural reservoirs of a large variety of viruses, including many important zoonotic viruses that cause severe diseases in humans and domestic animals. However, the understanding of the viral population and the ecological diversity residing in bat populations is unclear, which complicates the determination of the origins of certain EIDs. Here, using bats as a typical wildlife reservoir model, virome analysis was conducted based on pharyngeal and anal swab samples of 4440 bat individuals of 40 major bat species throughout China. The purpose of this study was to survey the ecological and biological diversities of viruses residing in these bat species, to investigate the presence of potential bat-borne zoonotic viruses and to evaluate the impacts of these viruses on public health. The data obtained in this study revealed an overview of the viral community present in these bat samples. Many novel bat viruses were reported for the first time and some bat viruses closely related to known human or animal pathogens were identified. This genetic evidence provides new clues in the search for the origin or evolution pattern of certain viruses, such as coronaviruses and noroviruses. These data offer meaningful ecological information for predicting and tracing wildlife-originated EIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wu
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianwen Ren
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guimei He
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Qian
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lilian Sun
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yafang Zhu
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Choi JW, Lee KH, Lee JI, Lee MH, Lee KK, Oem JK. Genetic characteristics of canine bocaviruses in Korean dogs. Vet Microbiol 2015; 179:177-83. [PMID: 26233679 PMCID: PMC7117202 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CBoV strains causing infections in 83 Korean dogs were surveyed. Strains 13D003, 13D0095, 14D142, and 14D193 had pathogenicity in young puppy. These 4 strains also did not contain the ORF region. Absence of the ORF4 region may influence CBoV pathogenesis in dogs.
To survey for canine bocavirus (CBoV) infection, 83 Korean dogs showing several clinical signs were collected in different provinces from January 2013 to July 2014. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization, CBoVs were detected in intestine and/or lung samples of 8 dogs (9.6%). To reveal the genetic characteristics of CBoVs, partial or complete regions of CBoVs were sequenced. In phylogenetic trees, 8 CBoVs fell into three clusters. The CBoV strains 13D226-1, 13D250, and 14Q216 were closely related to the CBoV HK831F strain, and the CBoV 14D142 strain was related to the CBoV HK882F strain. Lastly, CBoV 13D003, 13D095, 14D193, and 14Q209 strains were related to CBoV Dis-023, Dis-040, and Dis-046 strains. Interestingly, no canine pathogens were found in dogs in which four CBoVs (13D003, 13D0095, 14D142, and 14D193 strains) were detected and three of them (13D003, 13D095, and 14D193 strains) had a unique deletion (18 nucleotides) in the VP2 gene. Further, the open reading frame 4 (ORF4) region was absent in these 4CBoVs, but found in the other strains, which indicates that the absence of the ORF4 region rather than a unique deletion may have an influence on the pathogenesis of CBoV in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Choi
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 480 Anyang-6-Dong, Anyang 430-824, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Lee
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 480 Anyang-6-Dong, Anyang 430-824, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Il Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 300 Yonbongdong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Heon Lee
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 480 Anyang-6-Dong, Anyang 430-824, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ki Lee
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 480 Anyang-6-Dong, Anyang 430-824, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ku Oem
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 480 Anyang-6-Dong, Anyang 430-824, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Chen MY, Hung CC, Lee KL. Detection of human parvovirus 4 viremia in the follow-up blood samples from seropositive individuals suggests the existence of persistent viral replication or reactivation of latent viral infection. Virol J 2015; 12:94. [PMID: 26088443 PMCID: PMC4480887 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transmission routes for human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) infections in areas with high seroprevalence are not known. In the work described here, persistent PARV4 viral replication was investigated by conducting a longitudinal study. Methods Ten healthcare workers each provided a blood sample at the beginning of the study (first sample) and 12 months later (second sample). The paired samples were tested for PARV4-positivity by immunoblotting analysis and nested polymerase chain reactions. Results IgG antibodies against PARV4 were detected in six participants, three of whom also had IgM antibodies against PARV4. The immunoblotting results did not vary over time. PARV4 DNA was detected in the first blood sample from one participant who had IgG antibodies against PARV4 and in the second blood samples from 2 participants who had IgG and IgM antibodies against PARV4. Conclusions Detection of PARV4 DNA in the second blood samples from two seropositive participants suggests the existence of persistent PARV4 replication or reactivation of inactive virus in the tissues. The finding of persistent or intermittent PARV4 replication in individuals with past infections provides an important clue toward unraveling the non-parenteral transmission routes of PARV4 infection in areas where the virus is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Yuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, 1000, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ching Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, 1000, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuang-Lun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, 1000, Taipei, Taiwan.
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29
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Kemenesi G, Dallos B, Görföl T, Estók P, Boldogh S, Kurucz K, Oldal M, Marton S, Bányai K, Jakab F. Genetic diversity and recombination within bufaviruses: Detection of a novel strain in Hungarian bats. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 33:288-92. [PMID: 25989375 PMCID: PMC7172660 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel bufavirus was detected in Miniopterus schreibersii bats in Hungary. This is the first time any parvovirus was detected in European bats. Novel bat bufaviruses were closely related to human bufaviruses. A possible intragenic recombination event was detected within bufaviruses.
Bats are important hosts of many viruses and in several cases they may serve as natural reservoirs even for viruses with zoonotic potential worldwide, including Europe. However, they also serve as natural reservoir for other virus groups with important evolutionary relevance and yet unknown zoonotic potential. We performed viral metagenomic analyses on Miniopterus schreibersii bat fecal samples. As a result, a novel parvovirus was detected for the first time in European bats. Although, bufavirus was recently discovered as a novel human infecting parvovirus, here we report sequence data of the first bufavirus from European bats related to human bufaviruses. Based on our sequence data a possible intragenic recombination event was detected within bufaviruses which may serves as an important milestone in their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Kemenesi
- Virological Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bianka Dallos
- Virological Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Görföl
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Estók
- Department of Zoology, Eszterházy Károly College, Eger, Hungary
| | | | - Kornélia Kurucz
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Miklós Oldal
- Virological Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Marton
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jakab
- Virological Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
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30
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Marano G, Vaglio S, Pupella S, Facco G, Calizzani G, Candura F, Liumbruno GM, Grazzini G. Human Parvovirus B19 and blood product safety: a tale of twenty years of improvements. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2015; 13:184-96. [PMID: 25849894 PMCID: PMC4385066 DOI: 10.2450/2014.0174.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Marano
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Vaglio
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Pupella
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Facco
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
- Immunohaemathology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Joint Hospital-University Institution “Città della Salute e della Scienza”, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Calizzani
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Candura
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuliano Grazzini
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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31
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Luo Y, Qiu J. Human parvovirus B19: a mechanistic overview of infection and DNA replication. Future Virol 2015; 10:155-167. [PMID: 26097496 DOI: 10.2217/fvl.14.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a human pathogen that belongs to genus Erythroparvovirus of the Parvoviridae family, which is composed of a group of small DNA viruses with a linear single-stranded DNA genome. B19V mainly infects human erythroid progenitor cells and causes mild to severe hematological disorders in patients. However, recent clinical studies indicate that B19V also infects nonerythroid lineage cells, such as myocardial endothelial cells, and may be associated with other disease outcomes. Several cell culture systems, including permissive and semipermissive erythroid lineage cells, nonpermissive human embryonic kidney 293 cells and recently reported myocardial endothelial cells, have been used to study the mechanisms underlying B19V infection and B19V DNA replication. This review aims to summarize recent advances in B19V studies with a focus on the mechanisms of B19V tropism specific to different cell types and the cellular pathways involved in B19V DNA replication including cellular signaling transduction and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics & Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3029, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics & Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3029, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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32
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Page C, Duverlie G, Sevestre H, Desailloud R. Erythrovirus B19 and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Review of the literature and pathophysiological hypotheses. J Med Virol 2014; 87:162-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Page
- ENT and Nead & Neck Surgery Department; University Hospital of Amiens; Amiens France
| | - Gilles Duverlie
- Laboratory of Virology; University of Picardie “Jules Verne”; Amiens France
| | - Henri Sevestre
- Anatomopathology Department; University Hospital of Amiens; Amiens France
| | - Rachel Desailloud
- Endocrinology Department; University Hospital of Amiens; Amiens France
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Abstract
SUMMARYParvovirus B19 (B19V) infection during pregnancy may have serious consequences like fetal anaemia, hydrops fetalis, and fetal loss. Since epidemiological data on B19V infection are generally lacking in Sudan, the current study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of B19V in Sudanese pregnant women. Five hundred women, attending antenatal clinics in Khartoum state between November 2008 and March 2009, were enrolled and screened for B19V IgG and IgM antibodies by enzyme immunoassays. The study revealed a B19V IgG seroprevalence of 61·4%, with one subject positive for IgM. B19V DNA was not detected by PCR in any of the tested individuals. B19V IgG seroprevalence was significantly correlated with multigravidity (P = 0·046). Our data showed that B19V infection is prevalent in Sudan and we recommend further studies in Sudanese women, particularly in those with complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy.
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Identification of past and recent parvovirus B19 infection in immunocompetent individuals by quantitative PCR and enzyme immunoassays: a dual-laboratory study. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:947-56. [PMID: 24403307 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02613-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a member of the family Parvoviridae, genus Erythrovirus. B19V-specific IgG and IgM react differently against conformational and linear epitopes of VP1 and VP2 antigens, leading to the development of IgG avidity and epitope type specificity (ETS) enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for distinguishing past from recent infection. Additionally, B19V viral load determination (by quantitative PCR [qPCR]) is increasingly used in the staging of B19V infection. In this study, the utility of these methods is compared. A panel of 78 sera was jointly tested by the Virus Reference Department (VRD), London, United Kingdom, and the Haartman Institute (HI), Helsinki, Finland, using a number of EIAs, e.g., B19V-specific IgG and IgM, IgG avidity, and ETS EIAs. At VRD, the sera were also tested by a B19V viral load PCR (qPCR). By consensus analysis, 43 (55.1%) sera represented past infection, 28 (35.9%) sera represented recent infection, and 7 (9.0%) sera were indeterminate. Both VRD B19V qPCR and HI B19V VP2 IgM EIA gave the highest agreement with consensus interpretation for past or recent infection, with an overall agreement of 99% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92 to 100) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% (95% CI, 87 to 100). Nine sera designated as representing past infection by consensus analysis were B19V IgM positive by a commercial VRD B19V IgM EIA and B19V IgM negative by a new HI in-house B19V VP2 IgM EIA. A new VRD B19V IgG avidity EIA showed good (>95%) agreement (excluding equivocal results) with consensus interpretations for past or recent infection. Correct discrimination of past from recent B19V infection was achieved through application of qPCR or by appropriate selection of EIAs.
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35
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Maple PA, Beard S, Parry RP, Brown KE. Testing UK blood donors for exposure to human parvovirus 4 using a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay to screen sera and Western blot to confirm reactive samples. Transfusion 2013; 53:2575-84. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A.C. Maple
- Immunisation and Diagnosis Unit, Virus Reference Department; Public Health England; London UK
| | - Stuart Beard
- Immunisation and Diagnosis Unit, Virus Reference Department; Public Health England; London UK
| | - Ruth P. Parry
- Immunisation and Diagnosis Unit, Virus Reference Department; Public Health England; London UK
| | - Kevin E. Brown
- Immunisation and Diagnosis Unit, Virus Reference Department; Public Health England; London UK
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Phan TG, Vo NP, Boros Á, Pankovics P, Reuter G, Li OTW, Wang C, Deng X, Poon LLM, Delwart E. The viruses of wild pigeon droppings. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72787. [PMID: 24023772 PMCID: PMC3762862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Birds are frequent sources of emerging human infectious diseases. Viral particles were enriched from the feces of 51 wild urban pigeons (Columba livia) from Hong Kong and Hungary, their nucleic acids randomly amplified and then sequenced. We identified sequences from known and novel species from the viral families Circoviridae, Parvoviridae, Picornaviridae, Reoviridae, Adenovirus, Astroviridae, and Caliciviridae (listed in decreasing number of reads), as well as plant and insect viruses likely originating from consumed food. The near full genome of a new species of a proposed parvovirus genus provisionally called Aviparvovirus contained an unusually long middle ORF showing weak similarity to an ORF of unknown function from a fowl adenovirus. Picornaviruses found in both Asia and Europe that are distantly related to the turkey megrivirus and contained a highly divergent 2A1 region were named mesiviruses. All eleven segments of a novel rotavirus subgroup related to a chicken rotavirus in group G were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. This study provides an initial assessment of the enteric virome in the droppings of pigeons, a feral urban species with frequent human contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Gia Phan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nguyen Phung Vo
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Ákos Boros
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Pankovics
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Reuter
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Olive T. W. Li
- Centre of Influenza Research and School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chunling Wang
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Xutao Deng
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Leo L. M. Poon
- Centre of Influenza Research and School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tamošiūnas PL, Simutis K, Kodzė I, Firantienė R, Emužytė R, Petraitytė-Burneikienė R, Zvirblienė A, Sasnauskas K. Production of human parvovirus 4 VP2 virus-like particles in yeast and their evaluation as an antigen for detection of virus-specific antibodies in human serum. Intervirology 2013; 56:271-7. [PMID: 23941824 DOI: 10.1159/000353112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is a recently discovered member of the Parvoviridae family, which is not closely related to any previously discovered human parvoviruses. PARV4 has been isolated from the plasma of individuals with symptoms of acute viral infection; however, until recently PARV4 had not been associated with any disease, and its prevalence in the human population is yet to be established. METHODS The major capsid protein VP2 of PARV4 was generated in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and used for serological detection of virus-specific IgG and IgM in the sera of low-risk individuals. RESULTS One hundred and seventy serum specimens obtained from patients with acute respiratory diseases were tested for PARV4-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Sixteen individuals (9.4%) were diagnosed as seropositive, including 6 IgM and IgG positive, 6 IgM positive/IgG negative and 4 IgG positive/IgM negative. Seven of the 16 seropositive individuals were between the ages of 3 and 11 with no evidence of parenteral exposure to PARV4 infection. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that recombinant yeast-derived VP2 protein, self-assembled to virus-like particles, can represent a useful tool when studying the seroprevalence of PARV4 infection. The presence of PARV4-specific antibodies in a low-risk group may indicate the possibility of alternative routes of virus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Tamošiūnas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Prevalence of human parvovirus B19, bocavirus, and PARV4 in blood samples from the general population of China and lack of a correlation between parvovirus and hepatitis B co-infection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64391. [PMID: 23737981 PMCID: PMC3667789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Few comprehensive studies have investigated viraemia caused by human parvoviruses (HPAVs) in China. A total of 1626 of blood samples were collected from non-HBV and HBV infected Chinese subjects (adults, N = 1279; children, N = 347) from south-western and south-eastern China. DNA from three HPAVs was detected in blood samples using PCR-based assays. The epidemiological profiles and association with HBV co-infection were also analysed. Of the 1626 blood samples tested, 138 (8.49%) were found to exhibit HPAV viraemia, including 3.51% with B19, 3.75% with HBoV and 2.52% with PARV4. The presence of B19 DNA in both child and adult, as well as that of PARV4 DNA in adult,from the south-western region was significantly higher than that from the south-eastern region (P = 0.006 for B19 in children; P = 0.026 for B19 in adults; and P = 0.014 for PARV4 in adult).However, the frequency of HBoV DNA in adults from the south-western region was significantly lower than that observed in adults from the south-eastern region (P = 0.001). Furthermore, HBoV was more prevalence in male (4.9%) than in female (1.4%) individuals. In addition, no significant correlation between HBV and HPAV co-infection was found using serum samples from Chinese adults. In conclusions,the molecular prevalence of three HPAVs in blood samples exhibited variation among different populations depending on area, age and gender; No association between HPAV and HBV infection in adults was found. Our data provide a basis for improving blood safety and preventing HPAV infection in China.
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Mattei LM, Cotmore SF, Tattersall P, Iwasaki A. Parvovirus evades interferon-dependent viral control in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Virology 2013; 442:20-7. [PMID: 23676303 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Engagement of innate viral sensors elicits a robust antiviral program via the induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Innate defense mechanisms against ssDNA viruses are not well defined. Here, we examine type I IFN induction and effectiveness in controlling a ssDNA virus. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), we found that a murine parvovirus, minute virus of mice (MVMp), induced a delayed but significant IFN response. MEFs deficient in mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) mounted a wild-type IFN response to MVMp infection, indicating that RIG-I-dependent RNA intermediate recognition is not required for innate sensing of this virus. However, MVMp-induced IFNs, as well recombinant type I IFNs, were unable to inhibit viral replication. Finally, MVMp infected cells became unresponsive to Poly (I:C) stimulation. Together, these data suggest that the MVMp efficiently evades antiviral immune mechanisms imposed by type I IFNs, which may in part explain their efficient transmission between mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Mattei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lung transplantation is an established therapeutic option for patients with severe respiratory insufficiency. Graft dysfunction or rejection depends on the orchestrated prevention of infection(s) and the level of immune suppression. More recent reports underlined the role and pathogenicity of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in lung transplant recipients and the double-edged sword of maintaining antiviral immune responses versus guided immune suppression to avoid graft rejection. We present data concerning the nature of the cellular response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and CMV, the subsequent use of cellular therapy in antiviral treatment modalities and discuss the role of H1N1 infection and other viral infections in lung transplantation recipients. RECENT FINDINGS Patients after lung transplantation showed a similar susceptibility to H1N1 infections as compared to the local, healthy community. After initial recovery and oseltamivir treatment, lung transplantation patients developed bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. The genetic background of lung transplant recipients, defined by polymorphism in immune molecules, contributes to increased risk of CMV disease; CMV induces local pro-inflammatory chemokines (CXCL10). Anti-CMV prophylaxis does not impact on anti-CMV-directed cellular immune responses, defined by IFNγ and TNFα production. Asymptomatic EBV carriers showed higher numbers of EBV-reactive T cells. High EBV load carriers showed T cells with immune-exhaustion markers and decreased IFNγ production. Anti-CMV-directed cellular therapy may aid to better manage CMV-associated complications after lung transplantation. SUMMARY Pharmacological immune suppression, the genetic makeup of the patient as well as concurrent viral infections impact on the successful outcome of lung transplantation and call for more detailed immune-guided diagnostics and therapy.
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Slavov SN, Haddad SK, Silva-Pinto AC, Amarilla AA, Alfonso HL, Aquino VH, Covas DT. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of human Parvovirus B19 isolated from Brazilian patients with sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia major and healthy blood donors. J Med Virol 2013; 84:1652-65. [PMID: 22930515 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a recognized cause of life-threatening conditions among patients with hemoglobinopathies. This study investigates B19V infection in patients with sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia using different experimental approaches. A total of 183 individuals (144 with sickle cell disease and 39 with β-thalassemia major) and 100 healthy blood donors were examined for B19V using anti-B19V IgG enzyme immunoassay, quantitative PCR, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Viremia was documented in 18.6% of patients and 1% of donors, and was generally characterized by low viral load (VL); however, acute infections were also observed. Anti-B19V IgG was detected in 65.9% of patients with sickle cell disease and in 60% of donors, whereas the patients with thalassemia exhibited relatively low seroreactivity. The seroprevalence varied among the different age groups. In patients, it progressively increased with age, whereas in donors it reached a plateau. Based on partial NS1 fragments, all isolates detected were classified as subgenotype 1A with a tendency to elicit genetically complex infections. Interestingly, quasispecies occurred in the plasma of not only patients but also donors with even higher heterogeneity. The partial NS1 sequence examined did not exhibit positive selection. Quantitation of B19V with a conservative probe is a technically and practically useful approach. The extensive spread of B19V subgenotype 1A in patients and donors and its recent introduction into the countryside of the São Paulo State, Brazil were demonstrated; however, it is difficult to establish a relationship between viral sequences and the clinical outcomes of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
- Regional Blood Centre of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Tang YW, Stratton CW. Detection of Viral RNA Splicing in Diagnostic Virology. ADVANCED TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7120143 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3970-7_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, 10065 New York USA
| | - Charles W. Stratton
- Vanderbilt Clinic, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 22nd Avenue 1301, Nashville, 37232-5310 Tennessee USA
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Norja P, Lassila R, Makris M. Parvovirus transmission by blood products - a cause for concern? Br J Haematol 2012; 159:385-93. [PMID: 23025427 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of dual viral inactivation of clotting factor concentrates has practically eliminated infections by viruses associated with significant pathogenicity over the last 20 years. Despite this, theoretical concerns about transmission of infection have remained, as it is known that currently available viral inactivation methods are unable to eliminate parvovirus B19 or prions from these products. Recently, concern has been raised following the identification of the new parvoviruses, human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) and new genotypes of parvovirus B19, in blood products. Parvoviruses do not cause chronic pathogenicity similar to human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus, but nevertheless may cause clinical manifestations, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Manufacturers should institute measures, such as minipool polymerase chain reaction testing, to ensure that their products contain no known viruses. So far, human bocavirus, another new genus of parvovirus, has not been detected in fractionated blood products, and unless their presence can be demonstrated, routine testing during manufacture is not essential. Continued surveillance of the patients and of the safety of blood products remains an important ongoing issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Päivi Norja
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
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Delwart E. Human parvovirus 4 in the blood supply and transmission by pooled plasma-derived clotting factors: does it matter? Transfusion 2012; 52:1398-403. [PMID: 22780892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03721.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Acute diarrhea in West African children: diverse enteric viruses and a novel parvovirus genus. J Virol 2012; 86:11024-30. [PMID: 22855485 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01427-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses cause a variety of mild to severe symptoms or asymptomatic infections in humans and animals. During a viral metagenomic analysis of feces from children with acute diarrhea in Burkina Faso, we identified in decreasing prevalence nucleic acids from anelloviruses, dependoviruses, sapoviruses, enteroviruses, bocaviruses, noroviruses, adenoviruses, parechoviruses, rotaviruses, cosavirus, astroviruses, and hepatitis B virus. Sequences from a highly divergent parvovirus, provisionally called bufavirus, were also detected whose NS1 and VP1 proteins showed <39% and <31% identities to those of previously known parvoviruses. Four percent of the fecal samples were PCR positive for this new parvovirus, including a related bufavirus species showing only 72% identity in VP1. The high degree of genetic divergence of these related genomes from those of other parvoviruses indicates the presence of a proposed new Parvoviridae genus containing at least two species. Studies of the tropism and pathogenicity of these novel parvoviruses will be facilitated by the availability of their genome sequences.
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Repression of cardiac hypertrophy by KLF15: underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36754. [PMID: 22586493 PMCID: PMC3346753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors regulates diverse cell biological processes including proliferation, differentiation, survival and growth. Previous studies have shown that KLF15 inhibits cardiac hypertrophy by repressing the activity of pivotal cardiac transcription factors such as GATA4, MEF2 and myocardin. We set out this study to characterize the interaction of KLF15 with putative other transcription factors. We first show that KLF15 interacts with myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) and strongly represses the transcriptional activity of MRTF-A and MRTF-B. Second, we identified a region within the C-terminal zinc fingers of KLF15 that contains the nuclear localization signal. Third, we investigated whether overexpression of KLF15 in the heart would have therapeutic potential. Using recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) we have overexpressed KLF15 specifically in the mouse heart and provide the first evidence that elevation of cardiac KLF15 levels prevents the development of cardiac hypertrophy in a model of Angiotensin II induced hypertrophy.
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Ma YY, Guo Y, Zhao X, Wang Z, Lv MM, Yan QP, Zhang JG. Human parvovirus PARV4 in plasma pools of Chinese origin. Vox Sang 2012; 103:183-5. [PMID: 22458565 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2012.01605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is present in blood and blood products. As the presence and levels of PARV4 in Chinese source plasma pools have never been determined, we implemented real-time quantitative PCR to investigate the presence of PARV4 in source plasma pools in China. Results showed that 26·15% (51/195) of lots tested positive for PARV4. The amounts of DNA ranged from 2·83 × 10(3) copies/ml to 2·35×10(7) copies/ml plasma. The high level of PARV4 in plasma pools may pose a potential risk to recipients. Further studies on the pathogenesis of PARV4 are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Y Ma
- Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Emerging viruses in the Felidae: shifting paradigms. Viruses 2012; 4:236-57. [PMID: 22470834 PMCID: PMC3315214 DOI: 10.3390/v4020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The domestic cat is afflicted with multiple viruses that serve as powerful models for human disease including cancers, SARS and HIV/AIDS. Cat viruses that cause these diseases have been studied for decades revealing detailed insight concerning transmission, virulence, origins and pathogenesis. Here we review recent genetic advances that have questioned traditional wisdom regarding the origins of virulent Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) diseases, the pathogenic potential of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) in wild non-domestic Felidae species, and the restriction of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) mediated immune impairment to domestic cats rather than other Felidae species. The most recent interpretations indicate important new evolutionary conclusions implicating these deadly infectious agents in domestic and non-domestic felids.
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Kishore J, Srivastava M, Choudhury N. Serological study on parvovirus B19 infection in multitransfused thalassemia major patients and its transmission through donor units. Asian J Transfus Sci 2011; 5:140-3. [PMID: 21897592 PMCID: PMC3159243 DOI: 10.4103/0973-6247.83239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19) virus is a newly recognized agent for transfusion transmitted diseases. Beta-thalassemia major patients receive a hypertransfusion regimen, hence, are prone to acquire B19 infection; moreover, B19 escapes viral inactivation methods and donor units are not tested for B19, but there are just a couple of studies globally and none from the Asian continent. Hence, a study was designed to find the frequency of B19 infection and its transmission in multitransfused thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods: Ninety multitransfused beta-thalassemia major (thalassemia) patients, 32 controls (age, sex matched) without any history of transfusion were enrolled. Besides the donor units were tested in B19 un-infected patients. B19 specific IgG and IgM antibodies in the sera were analyzed by ELISA (in-house), using B19 VPI and VP2 recombinant and purified antigens; additionally HBsAg and anti-HIV and anti-HCV antibodies were tested for coexisting infections. Results: Seventy-three (81%) thalassemia patients tested positive for anti-B19 IgG antibodies as compared to seven (21%) in the controls group (P < 0.01), while anti-B19 IgM antibodies were detected in 37 (41.1%) compared to two (6.2%) in the controls (P < 0.01). Mean age of the thalassemia patient was eight years (range 2 – 18 years) and B19 infection was highest in the six-to-ten year range. Seropositivity increased with the number of transfusions. Two of the four HBsAg positive and five of the seven anti-HCV IgM antibody-positive patients also had anti-B19 IgM. After a six-month follow-up, four (25%) of the 16 seronegative patients seroconverted and anti-B19 IgM antibodies were detected in their donor units. Conclusions: Most of multitransfused thalassemics were B19 seropositive or had anti-B19 IgM; in the remaining uninfected group, B19 got transmitted through infected / IgM-positive donor units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak Kishore
- Departments of Microbiology and Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shan T, Li L, Simmonds P, Wang C, Moeser A, Delwart E. The fecal virome of pigs on a high-density farm. J Virol 2011; 85:11697-708. [PMID: 21900163 PMCID: PMC3209269 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.05217-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Swine are an important source of proteins worldwide but are subject to frequent viral outbreaks and numerous infections capable of infecting humans. Modern farming conditions may also increase viral transmission and potential zoonotic spread. We describe here the metagenomics-derived virome in the feces of 24 healthy and 12 diarrheic piglets on a high-density farm. An average of 4.2 different mammalian viruses were shed by healthy piglets, reflecting a high level of asymptomatic infections. Diarrheic pigs shed an average of 5.4 different mammalian viruses. Ninety-nine percent of the viral sequences were related to the RNA virus families Picornaviridae, Astroviridae, Coronaviridae, and Caliciviridae, while 1% were related to the small DNA virus families Circoviridae, and Parvoviridae. Porcine RNA viruses identified, in order of decreasing number of sequence reads, consisted of kobuviruses, astroviruses, enteroviruses, sapoviruses, sapeloviruses, coronaviruses, bocaviruses, and teschoviruses. The near-full genomes of multiple novel species of porcine astroviruses and bocaviruses were generated and phylogenetically analyzed. Multiple small circular DNA genomes encoding replicase proteins plus two highly divergent members of the Picornavirales order were also characterized. The possible origin of these viral genomes from pig-infecting protozoans and nematodes, based on closest sequence similarities, is discussed. In summary, an unbiased survey of viruses in the feces of intensely farmed animals revealed frequent coinfections with a highly diverse set of viruses providing favorable conditions for viral recombination. Viral surveys of animals can readily document the circulation of known and new viruses, facilitating the detection of emerging viruses and prospective evaluation of their pathogenic and zoonotic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Shan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Zoonosis and Comparative Medicine Group, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter Simmonds
- Centre for Immunology, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford, California
| | - Adam Moeser
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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