1
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Dreisewerd L, Aspers RLEG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. NMR Discrimination of d- and l-α-Amino Acids at Submicromolar Concentration via Parahydrogen-Induced Hyperpolarization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1518-1523. [PMID: 36626573 PMCID: PMC9880991 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of enantiomers represents an important research area for pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries. However, enantiomer separation is a laborious task that demands complex analytical techniques, specialized equipment, and expert personnel. In this respect, discrimination and quantification of d- and l-α-amino acids is no exception, generally requiring extensive sample manipulation, including isolation, functionalization, and chiral separation. This complex sample treatment results in high time costs and potential biases in the quantitative determination. Here, we present an approach based on the combination of non-hydrogenative parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarization and nuclear magnetic resonance that allows detection, discrimination, and quantification of d- and l-α-amino acids in complex mixtures such as biofluids and food extracts down to submicromolar concentrations. Importantly, this method can be directly applied to the system under investigation without any prior isolation, fractionation, or functionalization step.
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3
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Tickner BJ, Svensson SKM, Vaara J, Duckett SB. Toward Optimizing and Understanding Reversible Hyperpolarization of Lactate Esters Relayed from para-Hydrogen. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6859-6866. [PMID: 35861312 PMCID: PMC9340809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The SABRE-Relay hyperpolarization method is used to enhance the 1H and 13C NMR signals of lactate esters, which find use in a wide range of medical, pharmaceutical, and food science applications. This is achieved by the indirect relay of magnetization from para-hydrogen, a spin isomer of dihydrogen, to OH-containing lactate esters via a SABRE-hyperpolarized NH intermediary. This delivers 1H and 13C NMR signal enhancements as high as 245- and 985-fold, respectively, which makes the lactate esters far more detectable using NMR. DFT-calculated J-couplings and spin dynamics simulations indicate that, while polarization can be transferred from the lactate OH to other 1H nuclei via the J-coupling network, incoherent mechanisms are needed to polarize the 13C nuclei at the 6.5 mT transfer field used. The resulting sensitivity boost is predicted to be of great benefit for the NMR detection and quantification of low concentrations (<mM) of lactate esters and could provide a useful precursor for the production of hyperpolarized lactate, a key metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben J. Tickner
- Centre
for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom, YO10 5NY
- NMR
Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Juha Vaara
- NMR
Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre
for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom, YO10 5NY
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4
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Ausmees K, Reimets N, Reile I. Understanding Parahydrogen Hyperpolarized Urine Spectra: The Case of Adenosine Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:802. [PMID: 35164066 PMCID: PMC8837968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Parahydrogen hyperpolarization has emerged as a promising tool for sensitivity-enhanced NMR metabolomics. It allows resolution and quantification of NMR signals of certain classes of low-abundance metabolites that would otherwise be undetectable. Applications have been implemented in pharmacokinetics and doping drug detection, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. Yet, in order for the method to be adopted by the analytical community, certain limitations have to be understood and overcome. One such question is NMR signal assignment. At present, the only reliable way to establish the identity of an analyte that gives rise to certain parahydrogen hyperpolarized NMR signals is internal standard addition, which can be laborious. Herein we show that analogously to regular NMR metabolomics, generating libraries of hyperpolarized analyte signals is a viable way to address this limitation. We present hyperpolarized spectral data of adenosines and give an early example of identifying them from a urine sample with the small library. Doing so, we verify the detectability of a class of diagnostically valuable metabolites: adenosine and its derivatives, some of which are cancer biomarkers, and some are central to cellular energy management (e.g., ATP).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Indrek Reile
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (K.A.); (N.R.)
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5
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Aspers RLEG, Tessari M. An approach to fast 2D nuclear magnetic resonance at low concentration based on p-H 2 -induced polarization and nonuniform sampling. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1236-1243. [PMID: 34096084 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in para-hydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) methods allow the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection of specific classes of compounds, down to sub-micromolar concentration in solution. However, when dealing with complex mixtures, signal resolution requires the acquisition of 2D PHIP-NMR spectra, which often results in long experimental times. This strongly limits the applicability of these 2D PHIP-NMR techniques in areas in which high-throughput analysis is required. Here, we present a combination of fast acquisition and nonuniform sampling that can afford a 10-fold reduction in measuring time without compromising the spectral quality. This approach was tested on a mixture of substrates at micromolar concentration, for which a resolved 2D PHIP spectrum was acquired in less than 3 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud L E G Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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6
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Sellies L, Aspers R, Tessari M. Determination of hydrogen exchange and relaxation parameters in PHIP complexes at micromolar concentrations. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2021; 2:331-340. [PMID: 37904761 PMCID: PMC10539837 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-331-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-hydrogenative para-hydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a fast, efficient and relatively inexpensive approach to enhance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of small molecules in solution. The efficiency of this technique depends on the interplay of NMR relaxation and kinetic processes, which, at high concentrations, can be characterized by selective inversion experiments. However, in the case of dilute solutions this approach is clearly not viable. Here, we present alternative PHIP-based NMR experiments to determine hydrogen and hydride relaxation parameters as well as the rate constants for para-hydrogen association with and dissociation from asymmetric PHIP complexes at micromolar concentrations. Access to these parameters is necessary to understand and improve the PHIP enhancements of (dilute) substrates present in, for instance, biofluids and natural extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Sellies
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen,
6525AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen,
6525AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen,
6525AJ, the Netherlands
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7
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Wang J, Wen J, Yan H. Recent Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials for microRNA Electrochemical Sensing. Chem Asian J 2020; 16:114-128. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Hebei University Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jia Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Hebei University Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Hebei University Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province Baoding 071002 P. R. China
- College of Public Health Hebei University Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education Baoding 071002 P. R. China
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8
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Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Fekete M, Duckett SB, Theis T, Joalland B, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐induzierte Hyperpolarisation von Gasen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) University of York Heslington York YO10 5NY UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) University of York Heslington York YO10 5NY UK
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-8204 USA
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
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9
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Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Fekete M, Duckett SB, Theis T, Joalland B, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Induced Hyperpolarization of Gases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17788-17797. [PMID: 31972061 PMCID: PMC7453723 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Imaging of gases is a major challenge for any modality including MRI. NMR and MRI signals are directly proportional to the nuclear spin density and the degree of alignment of nuclear spins with applied static magnetic field, which is called nuclear spin polarization. The level of nuclear spin polarization is typically very low, i.e., one hundred thousandth of the potential maximum at 1.5 T and a physiologically relevant temperature. As a result, MRI typically focusses on imaging highly concentrated tissue water. Hyperpolarization methods transiently increase nuclear spin polarizations up to unity, yielding corresponding gains in MRI signal level of several orders of magnitude that enable the 3D imaging of dilute biomolecules including gases. Parahydrogen-induced polarization is a fast, highly scalable, and low-cost hyperpolarization technique. The focus of this Minireview is to highlight selected advances in the field of parahydrogen-induced polarization for the production of hyperpolarized compounds, which can be potentially employed as inhalable contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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10
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Colell JFP, Logan AWJ, Zhou Z, Lindale JR, Laasner R, Shchepin RV, Chekmenev EY, Blum V, Warren WS, Malcolmson SJ, Theis T. Rational ligand choice extends the SABRE substrate scope. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9336-9339. [PMID: 32671356 PMCID: PMC7443256 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we report on chelating ligands for Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) catalysts that permit hyperpolarisation on otherwise sterically hindered substrates. We demonstrate 1H enhancements of ∼100-fold over 8.5 T thermal for 2-substituted pyridines, and smaller, yet significant enhancements for provitamin B6 and caffeine. We also show 15N-enhancements of ∼1000-fold and 19F-enhancements of 30-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zijian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Raul Laasner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Volker Blum
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Departments of Physics, Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | | | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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11
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Gemeinhardt ME, Limbach MN, Gebhardt TR, Eriksson CW, Eriksson SL, Lindale JR, Goodson EA, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM. “Direct”
13
C Hyperpolarization of
13
C‐Acetate by MicroTesla NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max E. Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Miranda N. Limbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Thomas R. Gebhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Clark W. Eriksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA
| | - Shannon L. Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC USA
- School of Medicine Duke University Durham NC USA
| | | | | | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC USA
- James B. Duke Professor, Physics Chemistry, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering; Director Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Imaging Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
- Materials Technology Center Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
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12
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Gemeinhardt ME, Limbach MN, Gebhardt TR, Eriksson CW, Eriksson SL, Lindale JR, Goodson EA, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM. "Direct" 13 C Hyperpolarization of 13 C-Acetate by MicroTesla NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:418-423. [PMID: 31661580 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate "direct" 13 C hyperpolarization of 13 C-acetate via signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE). The standard SABRE homogeneous catalyst [Ir-IMes; [IrCl(COD)(IMes)], (IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), imidazole-2-ylidene; COD=cyclooctadiene)] was first activated in the presence of an auxiliary substrate (pyridine) in alcohol. Following addition of sodium 1-13 C-acetate, parahydrogen bubbling within a microtesla magnetic field (i.e. under conditions of SABRE in shield enables alignment transfer to heteronuclei, SABRE-SHEATH) resulted in positive enhancements of up to ≈100-fold in the 13 C NMR signal compared to thermal equilibrium at 9.4 T. The present results are consistent with a mechanism of "direct" transfer of spin order from parahydrogen to 13 C spins of acetate weakly bound to the catalyst, under conditions of fast exchange with respect to the 13 C acetate resonance, but we find that relaxation dynamics at microtesla fields alter the optimal matching from the traditional SABRE-SHEATH picture. Further development of this approach could lead to new ways to rapidly, cheaply, and simply hyperpolarize a broad range of substrates (e.g. metabolites with carboxyl groups) for various applications, including biomedical NMR and MRI of cellular and in vivo metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Miranda N Limbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Thomas R Gebhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Clark W Eriksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Shannon L Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Warren S Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,James B. Duke Professor, Physics, Chemistry, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering; Director, Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Imaging, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.,Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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13
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Chukanov NV, Kidd BM, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Shchepin RV, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. A versatile synthetic route to the preparation of 15 N heterocycles. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:892-902. [PMID: 30537260 PMCID: PMC6559877 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A robust medium-scale (approximately 3 g) synthetic method for 15 N labeling of pyridine (15 N-Py) is reported based on the Zincke reaction. 15 N enrichment in excess of 81% was achieved with approximately 33% yield. 15 N-Py serves as a standard substrate in a wide range of studies employing a hyperpolarization technique for efficient polarization transfer from parahydrogen to heteronuclei; this technique, called SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange), employs a simultaneous chemical exchange of parahydrogen and a to-be-hyperpolarized substrate (e.g., pyridine) on metal centers. In studies aimed at the development of hyperpolarized contrast agents for in vivo molecular imaging, pyridine is often employed either as a model substrate (for hyperpolarization technique development, quality assurance, and phantom imaging studies) or as a co-substrate to facilitate more efficient hyperpolarization of a wide range of emerging contrast agents (e.g., nicotinamide). Here, the produced 15 N-Py was used for the feasibility study of spontaneous 15 N hyperpolarization at high magnetic (HF) fields (7 T and 9.4 T) of an NMR spectrometer and an MRI scanner. SABRE hyperpolarization enabled acquisition of 2D MRI imaging of catalyst-bound 15 N-pyridine with 75 × 75 mm2 field of view (FOV), 32 × 32 matrix size, demonstrating the feasibility of 15 N HF-SABRE molecular imaging with 2.4 × 2.4 mm2 spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V. Chukanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Bryce M. Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | | | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Ibio, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, MI 48083, USA
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Barskiy DA, Knecht S, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL. SABRE: Chemical kinetics and spin dynamics of the formation of hyperpolarization. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:33-70. [PMID: 31779885 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we present the physical principles of the SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) method. SABRE is a promising hyperpolarization technique that enhances NMR signals by transferring spin order from parahydrogen (an isomer of the H2 molecule that is in a singlet nuclear spin state) to a substrate that is to be polarized. Spin order transfer takes place in a transient organometallic complex which binds both parahydrogen and substrate molecules; after dissociation of the SABRE complex, free hyperpolarized substrate molecules are accumulated in solution. An advantage of this method is that the substrate is not modified chemically, and its polarization can be regenerated multiple times by bubbling fresh parahydrogen through the solution. Thus, SABRE requires two key ingredients: (i) polarization transfer and (ii) chemical exchange of both parahydrogen and substrate. While there are several excellent reviews on applications of SABRE, the background of the method is discussed less frequently. In this review we aim to explain in detail how SABRE hyperpolarization is formed, focusing on key aspects of both spin dynamics and chemical kinetics, as well as on the interplay between them. Hence, we first cover the known spin order transfer methods applicable to SABRE - cross-relaxation, coherent spin mixing at avoided level crossings, and coherence transfer - and discuss their practical implementation for obtaining SABRE polarization in the most efficient way. Second, we introduce and explain the principle of SABRE hyperpolarization techniques that operate at ultralow (<1 μT), at low (1μT to 0.1 T) and at high (>0.1 T) magnetic fields. Finally, chemical aspects of SABRE are discussed in detail, including chemical systems that are amenable to SABRE and the exchange processes that are required for polarization formation. A theoretical treatment of the spin dynamics and their interplay with chemical kinetics is also presented. This review outlines known aspects of SABRE and provides guidelines for the design of new SABRE experiments, with the goal of solving practical problems of enhancing weak NMR signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stephan Knecht
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany; Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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15
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Zhang C, Miao P, Sun M, Yan M, Liu H. Progress in miRNA Detection Using Graphene Material-Based Biosensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901867. [PMID: 31379135 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous, noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in physiologic and pathologic processes and are vital biomarkers for several disease diagnostics and therapeutics. Therefore, rapid, low-cost, sensitive, and selective detection of miRNAs is of paramount importance and has aroused increasing attention in the field of medical research. Among the various reported miRNA sensors, devices based on graphene and its derivatives, which form functional supramolecular nanoassemblies of π-conjugated molecules, have been revealed to have great potential due to their extraordinary electrical, chemical, optical, mechanical, and structural properties. This Review critically and comprehensively summarizes the recent progress in miRNA detection based on graphene and its derivative materials, with an emphasis on i) the underlying working principles of these types of sensors, and the unique roles and advantages of graphene materials; ii) state-of-the-art protocols recently developed for high-performance miRNA sensing, including representative examples; and iii) perspectives and current challenges for graphene sensors. This Review intends to provide readers with a deep understanding of the design and future of miRNA detection devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Pei Miao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Mingyuan Sun
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250011, China
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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16
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Lee SJ, Jeong K, Shim JH, Lee HJ, Min S, Chae H, Namgoong SK, Kim K. SQUID-based ultralow-field MRI of a hyperpolarized material using signal amplification by reversible exchange. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12422. [PMID: 31455823 PMCID: PMC6712030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) technique is a very promising method for increasing magnetic resonance (MR) signals. SABRE can play a particularly large role in studies with a low or ultralow magnetic field because they suffer from a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, we conducted real-time superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in a microtesla-range magnetic field using the SABRE technique after designing a bubble-separated phantom. A maximum enhancement of 2658 for 1H was obtained for pyridine in the SABRE-NMR experiment. A clear SABRE-enhanced MR image of the bubble-separated phantom, in which the para-hydrogen gas was bubbling at only the margin, was successfully obtained at 34.3 μT. The results show that SABRE can be successfully incorporated into an ultralow-field MRI system, which enables new SQUID-based MRI applications. SABRE can shorten the MRI operation time by more than 6 orders of magnitude and establish a firm basis for future low-field MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joo Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, 574, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01805, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Heelim Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keon Namgoong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Ariyasingha NM, Lindale JR, Eriksson SL, Clark GP, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Chukanov NV, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY. Quasi-Resonance Fluorine-19 Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4229-4236. [PMID: 31291106 PMCID: PMC6675627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on an extension of the quasi-resonance (QUASR) pulse sequence used for signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE), showing that we may target distantly J-coupled 19F-spins. Polarization transfer from the parahydrogen-derived hydrides to the 19F nucleus is accomplished via weak five-bond J-couplings using a shaped QUASR radio frequency pulse at a 0.05 T magnetic field. The net result is the direct generation of hyperpolarized 19F z-magnetization, derived from the parahydrogen singlet order. An accumulation of 19F polarization on the free ligand is achieved with subsequent repetition of this pulse sequence. The hyperpolarized 19F signal exhibits clear dependence on the pulse length, irradiation frequency, and delay time in a manner similar to that reported for 15N QUASR-SABRE. Moreover, the hyperpolarized 19F signals of 3-19F-14N-pyridine and 3-19F-15N-pyridine isotopologues are similar, suggesting that (i) polarization transfer via QUASR-SABRE is irrespective of the nitrogen isotopologue and (ii) the presence or absence of the spin-1/2 15N nucleus has no impact on the efficiency of QUASR-SABRE polarization transfer. Although optimization of polarization transfer efficiency to 19F (P19F ≈ 0.1%) was not the goal of this study, we show that high-field SABRE can be efficient and broadly applicable for direct hyperpolarization of 19F spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwandi M. Ariyasingha
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
| | - Jacob R. Lindale
- Duke University Department of Chemistry, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Shannon L. Eriksson
- Duke University Department of Chemistry, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Grayson P. Clark
- Duke Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biological Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, 57701, United States
| | - Nikita V. Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Duke University Departments of Physics, Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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18
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Sellies L, Reile I, Aspers RLEG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. Parahydrogen induced hyperpolarization provides a tool for NMR metabolomics at nanomolar concentrations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7235-7238. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02186h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity enhancement by parahydrogen hyperpolarization allows NMR detection and quantification of hundreds of urinary metabolites at down to nanomolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Sellies
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Indrek Reile
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
- 12618 Tallinn
- Estonia
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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19
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Chukanov NV, Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Svyatova A, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. 19F Hyperpolarization of 15N-3- 19F-Pyridine Via Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:23002-23010. [PMID: 31435456 PMCID: PMC6703844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report synthesis of 15N-3-19F-pyridine via Zincke salt formation with the overall 35% yield and 84% 15N isotopic purity. Hyperpolarization studies of Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) and SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH) were performed to investigate the mechanism of polarization transfer from parahydrogen-derived hydride protons to 19F nucleus in milli-Tesla and micro-Tesla magnetic field regimes in 15N-3-19F-pyridine and 14N-3-19F-pyridine. We found the mismatch between 15N and 19F magnetic field hyperpolarization profiles in the micro-Tesla regime indicating that the spontaneous hyperpolarization process likely happens directly from parahydrogen-derived hydride protons to 19F nucleus without spin-relaying via 15N site. In case of SABRE magnetic field regime (milli-Tesla magnetic field range), we found that magnetic field profiles for 1H and 19F hyperpolarization are very similar, and 19F polarization levels are significantly lower than 1H SABRE polarization levels and lower than 19F SABRE-SHEATH (i.e. obtained at micro-Tesla magnetic field) polarization levels. Our findings support the hypothesis that in milli-Tesla magnetic field regime, the process of 19F nuclei hyperpolarization is relayed via protons of substrate, and therefore is very inefficient. These findings are important in the context of improvement of the hyperpolarization hardware and rational design of the hyperpolarized molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V. Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Corresponding Author
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20
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Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz-Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization for Biomedicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11140-11162. [PMID: 29484795 PMCID: PMC6105405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2 ), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this "spin order on demand" allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2 -based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - C Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Von-Siebold-Strasse 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Department of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetic resonance center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Sq. East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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21
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Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz‐Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐basierte Hyperpolarisierung für die Biomedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration Von-Siebold-Straße 3A 37075 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institut für Biometrie und Medizinische Informatik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Leipziger Straße 44 39120 Magdeburg Deutschland
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of Radiology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetresonanz-Zentrum Max Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Sq. East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 Torino Italien
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA 90048 USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Niki M. Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 USA
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22
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Kidd BE, Mashni JA, Limbach MN, Shi F, Chekmenev EY, Hou Y, Goodson BM. Toward Cleavable Metabolic/pH Sensing "Double Agents" Hyperpolarized by NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. Chemistry 2018; 24:10641-10645. [PMID: 29800491 PMCID: PMC6097920 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We show the simultaneous generation of hyperpolarized 13 C-labeled acetate and 15 N-labeled imidazole following spin-relay of hyperpolarization and hydrolysis of the acetyl moiety on 1-13 C-15 N2 -acetylimidazole. Using SABRE-SHEATH (Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei), transfer of spin order occurs from parahydrogen to acetylimidazole 15 N atoms and the acetyl 13 C site (≈263-fold enhancement), giving rise to relatively long hyperpolarization lifetimes at 0.3 T (T1 ≈52 s and ≈149 s for 13 C and 15 N, respectively). Immediately following polarization transfer, the 13 C-labeled acetyl group is hydrolytically cleaved to produce hyperpolarized 13 C-acetate/acetic acid (≈140-fold enhancement) and 15 N-imidazole (≈180-fold enhancement), the former with a 13 C T1 of ≈14 s at 0.3 T. Straightforward synthetic routes, efficient spin-relay of SABRE hyperpolarization, and facile bond cleavage open a door to the cheap and rapid generation of long-lived hyperpolarized states within a wide range of molecular targets, including biologically relevant carboxylic acid derivatives, for metabolic and pH imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce E Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Jamil A Mashni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Miranda N Limbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Fan Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuqing Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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23
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Hermkens NKJ, Aspers RLEG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. Trace analysis in water-alcohol mixtures by continuous p-H 2 hyperpolarization at high magnetic field. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:633-640. [PMID: 29220098 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of complex mixtures are often limited by the low sensitivity of the technique and by spectral overlap. We have recently reported on an NMR chemosensor on the basis of para-Hydrogen Induced Polarization that potentially addresses both these issues, albeit for specific classes of compounds. This approach makes use of Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) catalysts in methanol and allows selective detection and quantification of dilute analytes in complex mixtures. Herein, we demonstrate that, despite a large decrease in attained hyperpolarization, this method can be extended to water-alcohol mixtures. Our approach was tested on whisky, where nitrogenous heterocyclic flavor components at low-micromolar concentration could be detected and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels K J Hermkens
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud L E G Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
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24
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Kovtunov KV, Pokochueva EV, Salnikov OG, Cousin S, Kurzbach D, Vuichoud B, Jannin S, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Barskiy DA, Koptyug IV. Hyperpolarized NMR Spectroscopy: d-DNP, PHIP, and SABRE Techniques. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:10.1002/asia.201800551. [PMID: 29790649 PMCID: PMC6251772 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The intensity of NMR signals can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude by using various techniques for the hyperpolarization of different molecules. Such approaches can overcome the main sensitivity challenges facing modern NMR/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, whilst hyperpolarized fluids can also be used in a variety of applications in material science and biomedicine. This Focus Review considers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized liquids and gases by using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) and parahydrogen-based techniques, such as signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP), in both heterogeneous and homogeneous processes. The various new aspects in the formation and utilization of hyperpolarized fluids, along with the possibility of observing NMR signal enhancement, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Ekaterina V. Pokochueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Samuel Cousin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry & Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48202, MI, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3220, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
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25
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Rayner PJ, Duckett SB. Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE): From Discovery to Diagnosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6742-6753. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Rayner
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD UK
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26
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Rayner PJ, Duckett SB. Signalverstärkung durch reversiblen Austausch (SABRE): von der Entdeckung zur diagnostischen Anwendung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Rayner
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD Großbritannien
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD Großbritannien
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27
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Iali W, Rayner PJ, Alshehri A, Holmes AJ, Ruddlesden AJ, Duckett SB. Direct and indirect hyperpolarisation of amines using parahydrogen. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3677-3684. [PMID: 29780498 PMCID: PMC5935062 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are two widely used techniques for the study of molecules and materials. Hyperpolarisation methods, such as Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), turn typically weak magnetic resonance responses into strong signals. In this article we detail how it is possible to hyperpolarise the 1H, 13C and 15N nuclei of a range of amines. This involved showing how primary amines form stable but labile complexes of the type [Ir(H)2(IMes)(amine)3]Cl that allow parahydrogen to relay its latent polarisation into the amine. By optimising the temperature and parahydrogen pressure a 1000-fold per proton NH signal gain for deuterated benzylamine is achieved at 9.4 T. Additionally, we show that sterically hindered and electron poor amines that bind poorly to iridium can be hyperpolarised by either employing a co-ligand for complex stabilisation, or harnessing the fact that it is possible to exchange hyperpolarised protons between amines in a mixture, through the recently reported SABRE-RELAY method. These chemical refinements have significant potential to extend the classes of agent that can be hyperpolarised by readily accessible parahydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Iali
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Peter J Rayner
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Adel Alshehri
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - A Jonathan Holmes
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Amy J Ruddlesden
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) , Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , YO10 5DD , UK .
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28
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Shchepin RV, Jaigirdar L, Chekmenev EY. Spin-Lattice Relaxation of Hyperpolarized Metronidazole in Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in Micro-Tesla Fields. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:4984-4996. [PMID: 29955244 PMCID: PMC6017983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous reversible chemical exchange of parahydrogen and to-be-hyperpolarized substrate on metal centers enables spontaneous transfer of spin order from parahydrogen singlet to nuclear spins of the substrate. When performed at sub-micro-Tesla magnetic field, this technique of NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH). SABRE-SHEATH has been shown to hyperpolarize nitrogen-15 sites of a wide range of biologically interesting molecules to a high polarization level (P > 20%) in one minute. Here, we report on a systematic study of 1H, 13C and 15N spin-lattice relaxation (T1) of metronidazole-13C2-15N2 in SABRE-SHEATH hyperpolarization process. In micro-Tesla range, we find that all 1H, 13C and 15N spins studied share approximately the same T1 values (ca. 4 s at the conditions studied) due to mixing of their Zeeman levels, which is consistent with the model of relayed SABRE-SHEATH effect. These T1 values are significantly lower than those at higher magnetic (i.e. the Earth's magnetic field and above), which exceed 3 minutes in some cases. Moreover, these relatively short T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla limit the polarization build-up process of SABRE-SHEATH- thereby, limiting maximum attainable 15N polarization. The relatively short nature of T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla is primarily caused by intermolecular interactions with quadrupolar iridium centers or dihydride protons of the employed polarization transfer catalyst, whereas intramolecular spin-spin interactions with 14N quadrupolar centers have significantly smaller contribution. The presented experimental results and their analysis will be beneficial for more rational design of SABRE-SHEATH (i) polarization transfer catalyst, and (ii) hyperpolarized molecular probes in the context of biomedical imaging and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Lamya Jaigirdar
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Vanderbilt University, School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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29
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Shchepin RV, Jaigirdar L, Theis T, Warren WS, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Spin Relays Enable Efficient Long-Range Heteronuclear Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:28425-28434. [PMID: 29955243 PMCID: PMC6017995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A systematic experimental study is reported on the polarization transfer to distant spins, which do not directly bind to the polarization transfer complexes employed in Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) experiments. Both, long-range transfer to protons and long-range transfer to heteronuclei i.e. 13C and 15N are examined. Selective destruction of hyperpolarization on 1H, 13C, and 15N sites is employed, followed by their re-hyperpolarization from neighboring spins within the molecules of interest (pyridine for 1H studies and metronidazole-15N2-13C2 for 13C and 15N studies). We conclude that long-range sites can be efficiently hyperpolarized when a network of spin-½ nuclei enables relayed polarization transfer (i.e. via short-range interactions between sites). In case of proton SABRE in the milli-Tesla regime, a relay network consisting of protons only is sufficient. However, in case 13C and 15N are targeted (i.e. via SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei or SABRE-SHEATH experiment), the presence of a heteronuclear network (e.g. consisting of 15N) enables a relay mechanism that is significantly more efficient than the direct transfer of spin order from para-H2-derived hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Lamya Jaigirdar
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Vanderbilt University, School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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30
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Reile I, Aspers RLEG, Tyburn JM, Kempf JG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. DOSY Analysis of Micromolar Analytes: Resolving Dilute Mixtures by SABRE Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Reile
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
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31
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Reile I, Aspers RLEG, Tyburn JM, Kempf JG, Feiters MC, Rutjes FPJT, Tessari M. DOSY Analysis of Micromolar Analytes: Resolving Dilute Mixtures by SABRE Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9174-9177. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Reile
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ruud L. E. G. Aspers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials; Radboud University; Heyendaalseweg 135 6525AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
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32
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Yang S, Yuan Y, Jiang W, Ren L, Deng H, Bouchard LS, Zhou X, Liu M. Hyperpolarized 129
Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sensor for H2
S. Chemistry 2017; 23:7648-7652. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Weiping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Lili Ren
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - He Deng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Louis S. Bouchard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, The Molecular Biology Institute; University of California; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Maili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
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