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Camargo D, Cifuentes C, Castillo JC, Portilla J. Microwave-assisted synthesis and functionalization of 2-arylimidazo[1,2- a]pyrimidin-5(8 H)-ones. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22368-22373. [PMID: 39010922 PMCID: PMC11247617 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03948c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the limited applications and scarcity of commercial examples of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines, their exceptional properties hold great potential, representing a significant challenge in discovering more critical applications. Herein, we present a microwave-assisted approach for preparing 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-5(8H)-ones and their alkylation and bromination products using easily accessible and inexpensive reagents, thus offering a promising avenue for further search. Notably, the photophysical properties of an N-alkyl derivative were investigated, and the results highlight the high potential of these compounds as modular fluorophores. All the products were obtained with high yields using highly efficient protocols, and the regioselectivity of the reactions was determined on the basis of NMR measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delascar Camargo
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
| | - Carlos Cifuentes
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
| | - Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Los Andes Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
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2
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Dominguez JAJ, Luque-Vilca OM, Mallma NES, FLores DDC, Zea CYH, Huayhua LLA, Lizárraga-Gamarra FB, Cáceres CGM, Yauricasa-Tornero SV, Paricanaza-Ticona DC, Cajavilca HLV. Antifungal chemicals promising function in disease prevention, method of action and mechanism. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e275055. [PMID: 38422253 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of antimicrobial drugs has been linked to the rise of drug-resistant fungus in recent years. Antimicrobial resistance is being studied from a variety of perspectives due to the important clinical implication of resistance. The processes underlying this resistance, enhanced methods for identifying resistance when it emerges, alternate treatment options for infections caused by resistant organisms, and so on are reviewed, along with strategies to prevent and regulate the formation and spread of resistance. This overview will focus on the action mechanism of antifungals and the resistance mechanisms against them. The link between antibacterial and antifungal resistance is also briefly discussed. Based on their mechanism action, antifungals are divided into three distinct categories: azoles, which target the ergosterol synthesis; 5-fluorocytosine, which targets macromolecular synthesis and polyenes, which interact physiochemically with fungal membrane sterols. Antifungal resistance can arise through a wide variety of ways. Overexpression of the target of the antifungal drug, changes to the drug target, changes to sterol biosynthesis, decreased intercellular concentration of the target enzyme, and other processes. A correlation exists between the mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial and antifungals, despite the fact that the comparison between the two is inevitably constrained by various parameters mentioned in the review. Drug extrusion via membrane pumps has been thoroughly documented in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and development of new antifungal compounds and strategies has also been well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N E S Mallma
- Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú
| | - D D C FLores
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
| | - C Y H Zea
- Universidad Nacional de Juliaca, Juliaca, Perú
| | - L L A Huayhua
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
| | | | - C G M Cáceres
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
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3
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Padder AH, Bhat MY, Prakash Rao HS, Gupta R, Ahmed QN. Microwave‐Assisted PEG‐400 Medaited Synthesis of 4,5‐dihydro‐1
H
‐benzo[
g
]indazole Derivatives: An Enaminone Approach. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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4
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Rasras AJ, Al-Qawasmeh RA, El-Naggar M, Shehadi I, Elaasser MM, Al-Soud YA. Design, synthesis and antimicrobial assessments of aminoacetylenic-piperazine nitroimidazole hybrid compounds. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:113-121. [PMID: 35942947 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new series of aminoacetylenic nitroimidazole piperazine hybrid compounds were prepared via three-component reaction. Mannich-type reaction was utilized to couple the nitroimidazole containing propargylic moiety with secondary amines and formaldehyde in the presence of Cu (I) catalyst. The newly synthesized molecules 10a-10w, were characterized an ambiguously through NMR and mass spectrometry. The prepared compounds were assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. All of the compounds had shown insignificant activities toward gram-negative bacteria. While compounds 10m, 10q, 10s and 10t had shown moderate activities against the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and against fungi Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas J Rasras
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 19117, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Raed A Al-Qawasmeh
- Pure and Applied Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Pure and Applied Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ihsan Shehadi
- Pure and Applied Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mahmoud M Elaasser
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, 11371 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yaseen A Al-Soud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al al-Bayt University, Al-Mafraq, Jordan
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5
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Rasras AJ, Al-Far RH, Younes EA, Shakdofa MM, Al-Rifai NM. Synthesis and crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and DFT calculation of 2-((4-(1-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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6
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Sarmiento JT, Portilla J. Current Advances in Diazoles-based Chemosensors for CN- and FDetection. Curr Org Synth 2023; 20:77-95. [PMID: 35184705 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666220218095741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Advances in molecular probes have recently intensified because they are valuable tools in studying species of interest for human health, the environment, and industry. Among these species, cyanide (CN-) and fluoride (F-) stand out as hazardous and toxic ions in trace amounts. Thus, there is a significant interest in probes design for their detection with diverse diazoles (pyrazole and imidazole) used for this purpose. These diazole derivatives are known as functional molecules because of their known synthetic versatility and applicability, as they exhibit essential photophysical properties with helpful recognition centers. This review provides an overview of the recent progress (2017-2021) in diazole-based sensors for CN- and F- detection, using the azolic ring as a signaling or recognition unit. The discussion focuses on the mechanism of the action described for recognizing the anion, the structure of the probes with the best synthetic simplicity, detection limits (LODs), application, and selectivity. In this context, the analysis involves probes for cyanide sensing first, then probes for fluoride sensing, and ultimately, dual probes that allow both species recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeymy T Sarmiento
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, D.C, Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, D.C, Colombia
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7
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C H‧‧‧X (X = F, Cl) and Cl‧‧‧Cl halogen-mediated interactions driving the crystal packing in N-substituted 4-arylimidazoles. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Hurtado-Rodríguez D, Salinas-Torres A, Rojas H, Becerra D, Castillo JC. Bioactive 2-pyridone-containing heterocycle syntheses using multicomponent reactions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34965-34983. [PMID: 36540221 PMCID: PMC9727751 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Pyridone-containing heterocycles are considered privileged scaffolds in drug discovery due to their behavior as hydrogen bond donors and/or acceptors and nonpeptidic mimics, and remarkable physicochemical properties such as metabolic stability, solubility in water, and lipophilicity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) for the synthesis of 2-pyridone-containing heterocycles. In particular, it covers the articles published from 1999 to date related to anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, α-glucosidase inhibitor, and cardiotonic activities of 2-pyridone-containing heterocycles obtained exclusively by an MCR. The discussion focuses on bioactivity data, synthetic approaches, plausible reaction mechanisms, and molecular docking simulations to facilitate comparison and underscore the applications of the 2-pyridone motif in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. We also present our conclusions and outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hurtado-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Angélica Salinas-Torres
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Hugo Rojas
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Diana Becerra
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
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9
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Becerra D, Abonia R, Castillo JC. Recent Applications of the Multicomponent Synthesis for Bioactive Pyrazole Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154723. [PMID: 35897899 PMCID: PMC9331265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole and its derivatives are considered a privileged N-heterocycle with immense therapeutic potential. Over the last few decades, the pot, atom, and step economy (PASE) synthesis of pyrazole derivatives by multicomponent reactions (MCRs) has gained increasing popularity in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. The present review summarizes the recent developments of multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of biologically active molecules containing the pyrazole moiety. Particularly, it covers the articles published from 2015 to date related to antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, antimalarial, and miscellaneous activities of pyrazole derivatives obtained exclusively via an MCR. The reported analytical and activity data, plausible synthetic mechanisms, and molecular docking simulations are organized in concise tables, schemes, and figures to facilitate comparison and underscore the key points of this review. We hope that this review will be helpful in the quest for developing more biologically active molecules and marketed drugs containing the pyrazole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Becerra
- Escuela de Ciencias Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
| | - Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360, Cali 76001, Colombia;
| | - Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-8-740-5626 (ext. 2425)
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10
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N-Phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles—Synthesis Optimization and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144349. [PMID: 35889223 PMCID: PMC9315981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antifungal N-phenacyl derivatives of 4,6- and 5,6-dibromobenzimidazoles are interesting substrates in the synthesis of new antimycotics. Unfortunately, their application is limited by the low synthesis yields and time-consuming separation procedure. In this paper, we present the optimization of the synthesis conditions and purification methods of N-phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles. The reactions were carried out in various base solvent-systems including K2CO3, NaH, KOH, t-BuOK, MeONa, NaHCO3, Et3N, Cs2CO3, DBU, DIPEA, or DABCO as a base, and MeCN, DMF, THF, DMSO, or dioxane as a solvent. The progress of the reaction was monitored using HPLC analysis. The best results were reached when the reactions were carried out in an NaHCO3–MeCN system at reflux for 24 h. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds against MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A-549 (lung adenocarcinoma), CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukemia), and MRC-5 (normal lung fibroblasts) was evaluated. We observed that the studied cell lines differed in sensitivity to the tested compounds with MCF-7 cells being the most sensitive, while A-549 cells were the least sensitive. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the tested derivatives towards CCRF-CEM cells increased with the number of chlorine or fluorine substituents. Furthermore, some of the active compounds, i.e., 2-(5,6-dibromo-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanone (4f), 2-(4,6-dibromo-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)ethanone (5g), and 2-(4,6-dibromo-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)ethanone (5j) demonstrated pro-apoptotic properties against leukemic cells with derivative 5g being the most effective.
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11
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic Analysis, and In Vitro Anticancer Evaluation of 2-(Phenylsulfonyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1,2,3-Triazole derivatives containing the sulfonyl group have proved their biological importance in medicinal chemistry and drug design. In this sense, we describe the regioselective synthesis of 2-(phenylsulfonyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole 3 in good yield through a classical sulfonamidation reaction of 1H-1,2,3-triazole 1 with benzenesulfonyl chloride 2 in dichloromethane using a slight excess of triethylamine at 20 °C for 3 h. This procedure is distinguished by its short reaction time, high yield, excellent regioselectivity, clean reaction profile, and operational simplicity. The sulfonamide 3 was characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry, FT–IR, UV–Vis, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The sulfonamide 3 exhibited moderate activity against UO-31 renal, SNB-75 central nervous system, HCT-116 colon, and BT-549 breast cancer cell lines, with growth inhibition percentages (GI%) ranging from 10.83% to 17.64%.
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12
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Synthetic Access to Aromatic α-Haloketones. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113583. [PMID: 35684526 PMCID: PMC9182500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
α-Haloketones play an essential role in the synthesis of complex N-, S-, O-heterocycles; of which some exhibit a remarkable biological activity. Research further illustrated that α-bromo-, α-chloro-, and α-iodoketones are key precursors for blockbuster pharmacological compounds. Over the past twenty years, substantial advances have been made in the synthesis of these industrially relevant building blocks. Efforts have focused on rendering the synthetic protocols greener, more effective and versatile. In this survey, we summarised and thoroughly evaluated the progress of the field, established in the past two decades, in terms of generality, efficacy and sustainability.
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Yang L, Xu WB, Sun L, Zhang C, Jin CH. SAR analysis of heterocyclic compounds with monocyclic and bicyclic structures as antifungal agents. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200221. [PMID: 35475328 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by eukaryotic organisms, such as fungi, are generally more difficult to treat than bacterial infections. With the widespread use of antifungal drugs in humans and plants, resistance and toxicity have emerged. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new antifungal drugs with low toxicity that are not susceptible to the development of resistance. This review presents a summary of the past 2017 to 2021 years of research on heterocyclic compounds as antifungal agents for use in humans and plants, focusing on the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of these compounds. This review may provide ideas and data for designing and developing new antifungal drugs with fewer side effects compared with currently available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Yanbian University, College of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Wen Bo Xu
- Yanbian University, College of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | | | | | - Cheng Hua Jin
- Yanbian University, College of Pharmacy, Gongyuan, 133002, Yanji, CHINA
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14
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Influence of Steric Effect on the Pseudo-Multicomponent Synthesis of N-Aroylmethyl-4-Arylimidazoles. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041165. [PMID: 35208948 PMCID: PMC8874432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A pseudo-three-component synthesis of N-aroylmethylimidazoles 3 with three new C-N bonds formed regioselectively under microwave conditions was developed. Products were obtained by reacting two equivalents of aroylmethyl bromide (ArCOCH2Br, 1) with the appropriate amidine salt (RCN2H3.HX, 2) and with K2CO3 as a base in acetonitrile. The bicomponent reaction also occurred, giving the expected 4(5)-aryl-1H-imidazoles 4. Notably, the ratio of products 3 and 4 is governed by steric factors of the amidine 2 (i.e., R = H, CH3, Ph). Therefore, a computational study was carried out to understand the reaction course regarding product ratio (3/4), regioselectivity, and the steric effects of the amidine substituent group.
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Staniszewska M, Kuryk Ł, Gryciuk A, Kawalec J, Rogalska M, Baran J, Kowalkowska A. The Antifungal Action Mode of N-Phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185463. [PMID: 34576932 PMCID: PMC8465355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to characterise the action mode of N-phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles against C. albicans and C. neoformans. Firstly, we selected the non-cytotoxic most active benzimidazoles based on the structure–activity relationships showing that the group of 5,6-dibromobenzimidazole derivatives are less active against C. albicans vs. 4,6-dibromobenzimidazole analogues (5e–f and 5h). The substitution of chlorine atoms to the benzene ring of the N-phenacyl substituent extended the anti-C. albicans action (5e with 2,4-Cl2 or 5f with 3,4-Cl2). The excellent results for N-phenacyldibromobenzimidazole 5h against the C. albicans reference and clinical isolate showed IC50 = 8 µg/mL and %I = 100 ± 3, respectively. Compound 5h was fungicidal against the C. neoformans isolate. Compound 5h at 160–4 µg/mL caused irreversible damage of the fungal cell membrane and accidental cell death (ACD). We reported on chitinolytic activity of 5h, in accordance with the patterns observed for the following substrates: 4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminide and 4-nitrophenyl-β-d-N,N′,N″-triacetylchitothiose. Derivative 5h at 16 µg/mL: (1) it affected cell wall by inducing β-d-glucanase, (2) it caused morphological distortions and (3) osmotic instability in the C. albicans biofilm-treated. Compound 5h exerted Candida-dependent inhibition of virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Staniszewska
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Łukasz Kuryk
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland;
- Clinical Science, Targovax Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari 14, Espoo Stella Luna Business Park, 02600 Espoo, Finland
| | - Aleksander Gryciuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (J.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Joanna Kawalec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (J.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Marta Rogalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (J.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Joanna Baran
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (J.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Kowalkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (J.K.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (A.K.)
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Vargas-Oviedo D, Portilla J, Macías MA. Influence of the haloaryl moiety over the molecular packing in N-phenacylbenzimidazoles crystallizing in the same space group. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Vargas-Oviedo D, Butassi E, Zacchino S, Portilla J. Eco-friendly synthesis and antifungal evaluation of N-substituted benzimidazoles. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Punia S, Verma V, Kumar D, Singh G, Sahoo SC. Regioselective synthesis of 1,2,4-trisubstituted imidazole from a mechanistic and synthetic prospective. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1712608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Punia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Vikas Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Devinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | | | - Subash C. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Elejalde NR, Butassi E, Zacchino S, Macías MA, Portilla J. Intermolecular interaction energies and molecular conformations in N-substituted 4-aryl-2-methylimidazoles with promising in vitro antifungal activity. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:1197-1207. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619013271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A convenient one-pot synthesis of 4-aryl-2-methyl-N-phenacylimidazoles (4) through a microwave-assisted pseudo-tricomponent reaction of α-bromoacetophenones (1) with acetamidine hydrochloride (2) is reported. Ketones (4) were successfully used as substrates for the preparation of the respective N-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazoles (5) with yields up to 87%. The synthesized compounds were characterized by NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses, and several structures were confirmed and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The analysis of the whole-of-molecule interactions shows that, despite the difference in the atom–atom contacts forming the crystals, dispersion energies make the largest contribution to the formation of the solids, giving an isotropic tendency in the topology of the energy framework diagrams for pairs of molecules. In addition, the in vitro antifungal activity of both families of compounds [ketones (4) and alcohols (5)] against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans was evaluated, where the 2,4-dichlorophenyl-substituted alcohol (5f), an isomer of the drug miconazole, showed the highest activity (IC50 = 7.8 µg ml−1 against C. neoformans).
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Liu Y, Dang Y, Yin D, Yang L, Zou Q. Design, conventional and microwave irradiated synthesis and characterization of some novel Mannich bases containing imidazole[2,1-b]-1,3,4-oxadiazole core. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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García M, Romero I, Portilla J. Synthesis of Fluorescent 1,7-Dipyridyl-bis-pyrazolo[3,4- b:4',3'- e]pyridines: Design of Reversible Chemosensors for Nanomolar Detection of Cu 2. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:6757-6768. [PMID: 31459798 PMCID: PMC6648379 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient access toward novel tridentate ligands based on 1,7-dipyridinyl-substituted bis-pyrazolo[3,4-b:4',3'-e]pyridines (BPs) and their usefulness as fluorescent probes for cation detection is reported. The synthesis proceeds by a three-step sequence starting from 2-chloropyridine (1), all reactions were performed using microwave radiation under solvent-free conditions, and an overall yield of up to 63% was obtained. Photophysical properties of three representative 1,7-dipyridinyl-BPs (PBPs, 6a-6c) substituted at position 4 with different donor (D) or acceptor (A) groups were investigated. Compounds exhibited large Stokes shift in different solvents and strong blue light emission in both solution and solid state, and quantum yields were as high as 88% for some of them; thus, a twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) fluorescence mechanism characteristic of the 1,4,7-triaryl-BPs was confirmed. The 4-phenyl-substituted probe (Ph-PBP, 6b) was used successfully in the detection of some metals (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+) by fluorescence quenching phenomena, which could be reversed in the presence of ethylenediamine. This probe showed a greater sensitivity toward Cu2+ in concentrations as low as 26 nM, and in the process of "on-off-on" for this fluorescent molecular switch, only 1 equiv of the analyte was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio García
- Bioorganic Compounds Research
Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad
de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Iván Romero
- Bioorganic Compounds Research
Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad
de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research
Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad
de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Macías MA, Elejalde NR, Butassi E, Zacchino S, Portilla J. Studies via X-ray analysis on intermolecular interactions and energy frameworks based on the effects of substituents of three 4-aryl-2-methyl-1H-imidazoles of different electronic nature and their in vitro antifungal evaluation. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 74:1447-1458. [PMID: 30398201 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229618014109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures of 2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazole, C10H10N2, (3a), 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-1H-imidazole hemihydrate, C10H9ClN2·0.5H2O, (3b), and 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-imidazole, C11H12N2O, (3c), have been analyzed. It was found that the electron-donating/withdrawing tendency of the substituent groups in the aryl ring influence the acid-base properties of the 2-methylimidazole nucleus, changing the strength of the intermolecular N-H...N interactions. This behaviour not only influences the crystal structure but also seems to have an important effect on the antifungal activity. Considering the substituent groups, that is, H in (3a), Cl in (3b) and OMe in (3c), the formation of strong N-H...N connections has the probability (3a) > (3b) > (3c), while compound (3c) proves to be more active than (3a) and (3b) at all concentrations against C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Macías
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 N 18-A-12, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nerith Rocio Elejalde
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A 10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Estefanía Butassi
- Pharmacognosy Area, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000-Rosario, Argentina
| | - Susana Zacchino
- Pharmacognosy Area, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000-Rosario, Argentina
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A 10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Castillo JC, Tigreros A, Portilla J. 3-Formylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines as Key Intermediates for the Preparation of Functional Fluorophores. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10887-10897. [PMID: 30051714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot route for the regioselective synthesis of 3-formylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines 4a-k in good yields through a microwave-assisted process is provided. The synthesis proceeds via a cyclocondensation reaction between β-enaminones 1 with NH-3-aminopyrazoles 2, followed by formylation with an iminium salt moiety (Vilsmeyer-Haack reagent). These N-heteroaryl aldehydes 4 were successfully used as strategic intermediates for the preparation of novel functional fluorophores with yields up to 98%. The structures of the products obtained and regioselectivity of the reactions were determined on the basis of NMR measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis. Since pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines (PPs) 3 have shown an important fluorescence, photophysical properties of four 2-methylderivatives substituted at position 7 with different acceptor (A) or donor (D) groups were investigated. The compounds evaluated exhibited large Stokes shift in different solvents, but only the substituted p-methoxyphenyl (4-An) showed a strong fluorescence intensity with quantum yields up to 44% due to its greater ICT. Therefore, hybrid systems based on pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines could be used as fluorescent probes to detect biologically or environmentally relevant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry , Universidad de los Andes , Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 , Bogotá , Colombia.,Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC , Avenida Central del Norte , Tunja , Colombia
| | - Alexis Tigreros
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry , Universidad de los Andes , Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry , Universidad de los Andes , Carrera 1 No. 18A-10 , Bogotá , Colombia
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