1
|
Cui C, Park DH, Ahn DJ. Organic Semiconductor-DNA Hybrid Assemblies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002213. [PMID: 33035387 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are photonic and electronic materials with high luminescence, quantum efficiency, color tunability, and size-dependent optoelectronic properties. The self-assembly of organic molecules enables the establishment of a fabrication technique for organic micro- and nano-architectures with well-defined shapes, tunable sizes, and defect-free structures. DNAs, a class of biomacromolecules, have recently been used as an engineering material capable of intricate nanoscale structuring while simultaneously storing biological genetic information. Here, the up-to-date research on hybrid materials made from organic semiconductors and DNAs is presented. The trends in photonic and electronic phenomena discovered in DNA-functionalized and DNA-driven organic semiconductor hybrids, comprising small molecules and polymers, are observed. Various hybrid forms of solutions, arrayed chips, nanowires, and crystalline particles are discussed, focusing on the role of DNA in the hybrids. Furthermore, the recent technical advances achieved in the integration of DNAs in light-emitting devices, transistors, waveguides, sensors, and biological assays are presented. DNAs not only serve as a recognizing element in organic-semiconductor-based sensors, but also as an active charge-control material in high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhi Cui
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Dong Hyuk Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Dong June Ahn
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
One-step DNA purification and amplification on an integrated plastic microdevice for on-site identification of foodborne pathogens. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1040:63-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
3
|
Xia J, Su M. Chip-scale alignment of long DNA nanofibers on a patterned self-assembled monolayer. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3234-3239. [PMID: 28820213 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00676d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlled alignment of long DNA nanofibers is challenging. This communication reports a method to align human genomic DNA with nearly unlimited length using lithographically produced micro-patterns of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with positively charged terminal groups. The micro-patterns act as local DNA reservoirs to supply DNAs for nanofiber formation, and can also stretch and align DNA nanofibers to form an ordered array by controlling the dewetting profile. By reducing the size and inter-patch distance of a micro-patch, a nearly uniform array of long DNA nanofibers can be patterned over a large area. A controlled motion of a DNA containing droplet allows for free patterning of DNA nanofibers and production of complex structures without a transfer process. Bending of DNA nanofibers due to local distortion of the contact line bridges more adjacent micro-patches and increases the chance of producing continuous nanofibers. The interplay between surface tension and electrostatic attraction of positively charged micro-patterns allows the production of long DNA nanofibers in a simple yet powerful way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Xia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yasaki H, Onoshima D, Yasui T, Yukawa H, Kaji N, Baba Y. Microfluidic transfer of liquid interface for parallel stretching and stamping of terminal-unmodified single DNA molecules in zigzag-shaped microgrooves. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:135-140. [PMID: 25318047 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00990h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular stretching of DNA is an indispensable tool for the optical exploration of base sequences and epigenomic changes of DNA at a single molecule level. In stretching terminal-unmodified DNA molecules parallel to each other on solid substrate, the receding meniscus assembly and capillary force through the dewetting process are quite useful. These can be achieved by pulling the substrate out of the DNA solution or sliding a droplet of DNA solution between a pair of substrates. However, currently used methods do not allow control over liquid interface motion and single-molecule DNA positioning. Here, we show a microfluidic device for stretching DNA molecules by syringing through microgrooves. The device can trap single DNA molecules at vertices of the microgrooves, which were designed as parallel zigzag lines. Different zigzag pattern depths, sizes, and shapes were studied to evaluate the adsorption possibility of DNA on the surface. The microfluidic transfer of the liquid interface stretched over 1500 DNA molecules simultaneously. The stretched DNA molecules could be stamped to a silanized surface. The device will therefore serve as a template preparation for high-resolution DNA imaging studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Yasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu R, Wong ST, Lau PPZ, Tomczak N. Stretching and imaging of single DNA chains on a hydrophobic polymer surface made of amphiphilic alternating comb-copolymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2479-2485. [PMID: 24472014 DOI: 10.1021/am404907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of amine derivatized glass slides with a poly(maleic anhydride)-based comb-copolymer to facilitate stretching, aligning, and imaging of individual dsDNA chains is presented. The polymer-coated surface is hydrophobic due to the presence of the long alkyl side chains along the polymer backbone. The surface is also characterized by low roughness and a globular morphology. Stretched and aligned bacteriophage λ-DNA chains were obtained using a robust method based on stretching by a receding water meniscus at pH 7.8 without the need for small droplet volumes or precoating the surface with additional layers of (bio)molecules. Although the dye to DNA base pairs ratio did not influence substantially the stretching length distributions, a clear peak at stretching lengths close to the contour length of the dsDNA is visible at larger staining ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Charlot B, Bardin F, Sanchez N, Roux P, Teixeira S, Schwob E. Elongated unique DNA strand deposition on microstructured substrate by receding meniscus assembly and capillary force. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:014103. [PMID: 24753724 PMCID: PMC3977786 DOI: 10.1063/1.4863575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ordered deposition of elongated DNA molecules was achieved by the forced dewetting of a DNA solution droplet over a microstructured substrate. This technique allows trapping, uncoiling, and deposition of DNA fragments without the need of a physicochemical anchoring of the molecule and results in the combing of double stranded DNA from the edge of microwells on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The technique involves scanning a droplet of DNA solution caught between a movable blade and a PDMS substrate containing an array of microwells. The deposition and elongation appears when the receding meniscus dewets microwells, the latter acting here as a perturbation in the dewetting line forcing the water film to break locally. Thus, DNA molecules can be deposited in an ordered manner and elongated conformation based solely on a physical phenomenon, allowing uncoiled DNA molecules to be observed in all their length. However, the exact mechanism that governs the deposition of DNA strands is not well understood. This paper is an analysis of the physical phenomenon occurring in the deposition process and is based on observations made with the use of high frame/second rate video microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Charlot
- IES CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - F Bardin
- IES CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, France ; Université de Nîmes, France
| | | | - P Roux
- SANOFI, Montpellier, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Carlson A, Bowen AM, Huang Y, Nuzzo RG, Rogers JA. Transfer printing techniques for materials assembly and micro/nanodevice fabrication. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5284-318. [PMID: 22936418 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transfer printing represents a set of techniques for deterministic assembly of micro-and nanomaterials into spatially organized, functional arrangements with two and three-dimensional layouts. Such processes provide versatile routes not only to test structures and vehicles for scientific studies but also to high-performance, heterogeneously integrated functional systems, including those in flexible electronics, three-dimensional and/or curvilinear optoelectronics, and bio-integrated sensing and therapeutic devices. This article summarizes recent advances in a variety of transfer printing techniques, ranging from the mechanics and materials aspects that govern their operation to engineering features of their use in systems with varying levels of complexity. A concluding section presents perspectives on opportunities for basic and applied research, and on emerging use of these methods in high throughput, industrial-scale manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Carlson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cerf A, Tian HC, Craighead HG. Ordered arrays of native chromatin molecules for high-resolution imaging and analysis. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7928-34. [PMID: 22816516 PMCID: PMC3703913 DOI: 10.1021/nn3023624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Individual chromatin molecules contain valuable genetic and epigenetic information. To date, there have not been reliable techniques available for the controlled stretching and manipulation of individual chromatin fragments for high-resolution imaging and analysis of these molecules. We report the controlled stretching of single chromatin fragments extracted from two different cancerous cell types (M091 and HeLa) characterized through fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our method combines soft lithography with molecular stretching to form ordered arrays of more than 250,000 individual chromatin fragments immobilized into a beads-on-a-string structure on a solid transparent support. Using fluorescence microscopy and AFM, we verified the presence of histone proteins after the stretching and transfer process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Cerf
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Harvey C. Tian
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Harold G. Craighead
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. ; Fax: (607) 255-7658
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xue M, Li F, Cao T. Fabrication of ultra-fine nanostructures using edge transfer printing. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:1939-1947. [PMID: 22344574 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11829g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of new methods and techniques for application in diverse fields, such as photonics, microfluidics, biotechnology and flexible electronics is of increasing scientific and technical interest for multiple uses over distance of 10-100 nm. This article discusses edge transfer printing--a series of unconventional methods derived from soft lithography for nanofabrication. It possesses the advantages of easy fabrication, low-cost and great serviceability. In this paper, we show how to produce exposed edges and use various materials for edge transfer printing, while nanoskiving, nanotransfer edge printing and tunable cracking for nanogaps are introduced. Besides this, different functional materials, such as metals, inorganic semiconductors and polymers, as well as localised heating and charge patterning, are described here as unconventional "inks" for printing. Edge transfer printing, which can effectively produce sub-100 nm scale ultra-fine structures, has broad applications, including metallic nanowires as nanoelectrodes, semiconductor nanowires for chemical sensors, heterostructures of organic semiconductors, plasmonic devices and so forth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mianqi Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miccio L, Paturzo M, Finizio A, Ferraro P. Light induced patterning of poly(dimethylsiloxane) microstructures. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:10947-10955. [PMID: 20588950 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.010947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new method for direct patterning of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microstructures is developed by taking advantage of photorefractive effect in a functionalized substrate. Here we show that when a x-cut Iron doped Lithium Niobate (LN) crystal is exposed to appropriate structured laser light, a charge density pattern builds-up in the crystal and a space charge field arise that is able to induce self-patterning of the PDMS liquid film deposited on its surface via the dielectrophoretic effects. Proper heating treatment allows to achieve polymeric linking process creating a solid and stable PDMS microstructures. The self-patterned structures replicate the illuminating light pattern. We show that 1D and 2D patterning of PDMS gratings can be achieved. This new soft-lithographic approach can pave the way for realizing PDMS micro-structures with high degree of flexibility that avoids the need of moulds fabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Miccio
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, INO-CNR Via Campi Flegrei, 34-80078-Pozzuoli, Na, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wigenius JA, Magnusson K, Björk P, Andersson O, Inganäs O. DNA chips with conjugated polyelectrolytes in resonance energy transfer mode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:3753-3759. [PMID: 20175580 DOI: 10.1021/la903101v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We show how to use well-defined conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) combined with surface energy patterning to fabricate DNA chips utilizing fluorescence signal amplification. Cholesterol-modified DNA strands in complex with a CPE are adsorbed to a surface energy pattern, formed by printing with soft elastomer stamps. Hybridization of the surface bound DNA strands with a short complementary strand from solution is monitored using both fluorescence microscopy and imaging surface plasmon resonance. The CPEs act as antennas, enhancing resonance energy transfer to the dye-labeled DNA when complementary hybridization of the double strand occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens A Wigenius
- Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Miozzo L, Yassar A, Horowitz G. Surface engineering for high performance organic electronic devices: the chemical approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b922385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
13
|
Abstract
It's all about polymers! Polymers play a key role in the patterning and functionalization of surfaces by microcontact printing. Polymers are versatile stamps, inks and substrates and microcontact printing can provide microstructured polymer surfaces in a single printing step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kaufmann
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Münster
- Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Münster
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Björk P, Herland A, Hamedi M, Inganäs O. Biomolecular nanowires decorated by organic electronic polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b910639a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Björk P, Thomsson D, Mirzov O, Wigenius J, Inganäs O, Scheblykin IG. Oligothiophene assemblies defined by DNA interaction: from single chains to disordered clusters. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:96-103. [PMID: 19040213 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200800855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The organization of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) interacting with biomolecules sets conditions for the biodetection of biological processes and identity, through the use of optical emission from the CPE. Herein, a well-defined CPE and its binding to DNA is studied. By using dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism spectroscopy, it is shown that the CPE forms a multimolecule ensemble in aqueous solution that is more than doubled in size when interacting with a small DNA chain, while single chains are evident in ethanol. The related changes in the fluorescence spectra upon polymer aggregation are assigned to oscillator strength redistribution between vibronic transitions in weakly coupled H-aggregates. An enhanced single-molecule spectroscopy technique that allows full control of excitation and emission light polarization is applied to combed and decorated lambdaDNA chains. It is found that the organization of combed CPE-lambdaDNA complexes (when dry on the surface) allows considerable variation of CPE distances and direction relative to the DNA chain. By analysis of the polarization data energy transfer between the polymer chains in individual complexes is confirmed and their sizes estimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Per Björk
- Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kobayashi K, Tonegawa N, Fujii S, Hikida J, Nozoye H, Tsutsui K, Wada Y, Chikira M, Haga MA. Fabrication of DNA nanowires by orthogonal self-assembly and DNA intercalation on a Au patterned Si/SiO2 surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:13203-13211. [PMID: 18939806 DOI: 10.1021/la801293e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel Ru complex bearing both an acridine group and anchoring phosphonate groups was immobilized on a surface in order to capture double-stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) from solution. At low surface coverage, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) image revealed the "molecular dot" morphology with the height of the Ru complex ( approximately 2.5 nm) on a mica surface, indicating that four phosphonate anchor groups keep the Ru complex in an upright orientation on the surface. Using a dynamic molecular combing method, the DNA capture efficiency of the Ru complex on a mica surface was examined in terms of the effects of the number of molecular dots and surface hydrophobicity. The immobilized surface could capture DNAs; however, the optimal number of molecular dots on the surface as well as the optimal pull-up speed exist to obtain the extended dsDNAs on the surface. Applying this optimal condition to a Au-patterned Si/SiO 2 (Au/SiO 2) surface, the Au electrode was selectively covered with the Ru complex by orthogonal self-assembly of 4-mercaptbutylphosphonic acid (MBPA), followed by the formation of a Zr (4+)-phosphonate layer and the Ru complex. At the same time, the remaining SiO 2 surface was covered with octylphosphonic acid (OPA) by self-assembly. The selective immobilization of the Ru complex only on the Au electrode was identified by time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging on the chemically modified Au/SiO 2 surface. The construction of DNA nanowires on the Au/SiO 2 patterned surface was accomplished by the molecular combing method of the selective immobilized Ru complex on Au electrodes. These interconnected nanowires between Au electrodes were used as a scaffold for the modification of Pd nanoparticles on the DNA. Furthermore, Cu metallization was achieved by electroless plating of Cu metal on a priming of Pd nanoparticles on the Pd-covered DNA nanowires. The resulting Cu nanowires showed a metallic behavior with relatively high resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim H, Yoon B, Sung J, Choi DG, Park C. Micropatterning of thin P3HT films via plasma enhanced polymer transfer printing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b807285j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Rozkiewicz DI, Brugman W, Kerkhoven RM, Ravoo BJ, Reinhoudt DN. Dendrimer-Mediated Transfer Printing of DNA and RNA Microarrays. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:11593-9. [PMID: 17725353 DOI: 10.1021/ja073574d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a new method to replicate DNA and RNA microarrays. The technique, which facilitates positioning of DNA and RNA with submicron edge resolution by microcontact printing (muCP), is based on the modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamps with dendrimers ("dendri-stamps"). The modification of PDMS stamps with generation 5 poly(propylene imine) dendrimers (G5-PPI) gives a high density of positive charge on the stamp surface that can attract negatively charged oligonucleotides in a "layer-by-layer" arrangement. DNA as well as RNA is transfer printed from the stamp to a target surface. Imine chemistry is applied to immobilize amino-modified DNA and RNA molecules to an aldehyde-terminated substrate. The labile imine bond is reduced to a stable secondary amine bond, forming a robust connection between the polynucleotide strand and the solid support. Microcontact printed oligonucleotides are distributed homogeneously within the patterned area and available for hybridization. By using a robotic spotting system, an array of hundreds of oligonucleotide spots is deposited on the surface of a flat, dendrimer-modified stamp that is subsequently used for repeated replication of the entire microarray by microcontact printing. The printed microarrays are characterized by homogeneous probe density and regular spot morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota I Rozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Herland A, Björk P, Hania PR, Scheblykin IG, Inganäs O. Alignment of a conjugated polymer onto amyloid-like protein fibrils. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2007; 3:318-25. [PMID: 17262758 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200600377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid-like fibril is a biomolecular nanowire template of very high stability. Here we describe the coordination of a conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly(thiophene acetic acid) (PTAA), to bovine insulin fibrils with widths of <10 nm and lengths of up to more than 10 microm. Fibrils complexed with PTAA are aligned on surfaces through molecular combing and transfer printing. Single-molecule spectroscopy techniques are applied to chart spectral variation in the emission of these wires. When these results are combined with analysis of the polarization of the emitted light, we can conclude that the polymer chains are preferentially aligned along the fibrillar axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Herland
- Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|