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Jozinović A, Kovač M, Ocelić Bulatović V, Kučić Grgić D, Miloloža M, Šubarić D, Ačkar Đ. Biopolymeric Blends of Thermoplastic Starch and Polylactide as Sustainable Packaging Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1268. [PMID: 38732736 PMCID: PMC11085416 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The improper disposal of plastics is a growing concern due to increasing global environmental problems such as the rise of CO2 emissions, diminishing petroleum sources, and pollution, which necessitates the research and development of biodegradable materials as an alternative to conventional packaging materials. The purpose of this research was to analyse the properties of biodegradable polymer blends of thermoplastic potato starch (TPS) and polylactide, (PLA) without and with the addition of citric acid (CA) as a potential compatibilizer and plasticizer. The prepared blends were subjected to a comprehensive physicochemical characterization, which included: FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), determination of thermal and mechanical properties by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), water vapour permeability (WVP), as well as biodegradation testing in soil. The obtained results indicate an improvement in adhesion between the TPS and PLA phases due to the addition of citric acid, better homogeneity of the structure, and greater compatibility of the polymer blends, leading to better thermal, mechanical and barrier properties of the studied biodegradable TPS/PLA polymer blends. After conducting the comprehensive research outlined in this paper, it has been determined that the addition of 5 wt.% of citric acid serves as an effective compatibilizer and plasticizer. This supplementation achieves an optimal equilibrium across thermal, mechanical, morphological, and barrier properties, while also promoting material sustainability through biodegradation. In conclusion, it can be stated that the use of thermoplastic starch in TPS/PLA blends accelerates the biodegradation of PLA as a slowly biodegradable polymer. While the addition of citric acid offers significant advantages for TPS/PLA blends, further research is needed to optimize the formulation and processing parameters to achieve the desired balance between mechanical strength, thermal and barrier properties and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antun Jozinović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (D.Š.)
| | - Mario Kovač
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Mostar, Biskupa Čule bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Vesna Ocelić Bulatović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Dajana Kučić Grgić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Martina Miloloža
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Drago Šubarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (D.Š.)
| | - Đurđica Ačkar
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (D.Š.)
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Yamaguchi A, Arai S, Arai N. Molecular insight into toughening induced by core-shell structure formation in starch-blended bioplastic composites. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120974. [PMID: 37230615 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Binary and ternary blends with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by a melt process to produce biodegradable biomass plastics with both economical and good mechanical properties. The mechanical and structural properties of each blend were evaluated. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were also conducted to examine the mechanisms underlying the mechanical and structural properties. PLA/PBS/TPS blends showed improved mechanical properties compared with PLA/TPS blends. The PLA/PBS/TPS blends with a TPS ratio of 25-40 wt% showed higher impact strength than PLA/PBS blends. Morphology observations showed that in the PLA/PBS/TPS blends, a structure similar to that of core-shell particles with TPS as the embedding phase and PBS as the coating phase was formed, and that the trends in morphology and impact strength changes were consistent. The MD simulations suggested that PBS and TPS tightly adhered to each other in a stable structure at a specific intermolecular distance. From these results, it is clear that PLA/PBS/TPS blends are toughened by the formation of a core-shell structure in which the TPS core and the PBS shell adhered well together and stress concentration and energy absorption occurred in the vicinity of the core-shell structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yamaguchi
- Circular Industries Research Department, Production Engineering and MONOZUKURI Innovation Center, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., 2-9-2, Yoshida, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0817, Japan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Material and Solution Department, Supply Chain Resilience Division, Hitachi High-Tech Corp., 1-17-1, Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo 105-6409, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Arai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
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Niu Z, Chen F, Zhang H, Liu C. High Content of Thermoplastic Starch, Poly(butylenes adipate-co-terephthalate) and Poly(butylene succinate) Ternary Blends with a Good Balance in Strength and Toughness. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092040. [PMID: 37177187 PMCID: PMC10181405 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ternary blends of a high content of thermoplastic starch (TPS), poly(butylenes adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were first melt-compounded in a twin screw extruder. The TPS contents in ternary blends were fixed at 60 wt%. The miscibility, morphology, thermal behavior, mechanical properties, and thermal resistance of the blends were investigated. The results showed that dispersions of PBS and PBAT minor phases improved the tensile strength and elongation at break. TPS/PBS/PBAT60/10/30 formed a good balance in strength and toughness. Dynamic mechanical analysis of the blends exhibits an intermediate and peak suggesting the ternary blend is compatible. Minor phase-separated structure SEM results showed that TPS/PBS/PBAT60/10/30 blend formed a typical mixture with core-shell morphology. As the PBAT composition was increased, phase morphology changes occurred in the blends, leading to decreased values of complex viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus. Moreover, the thermal resistances and melt flow properties of the materials were also studied by analysis of the heat deflection temperature (HDT) and melt flow index (MFI) value in the work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Niu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - He Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Sah MK, Mukherjee S, Flora B, Malek N, Rath SN. Advancement in "Garbage In Biomaterials Out (GIBO)" concept to develop biomaterials from agricultural waste for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:1015-1033. [PMID: 36406592 PMCID: PMC9672289 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Presently on a global scale, one of the major concerns is to find effective strategies to manage the agricultural waste to protect the environment. One strategy that has been drawing attention among the researchers is the development of biocompatible materials from agricultural waste. This strategy implies successful conversion of agricultural waste products (e.g.: cellulose, eggshell etc.) into building blocks for biomaterial development. Some of these wastes contain even bioactive compounds having biomedical applications. The replacement and augmentation of human tissue with biomaterials as alternative to traditional method not only bypasses immune-rejection, donor scarcity, and maintenance; but also provides long term solution to damaged or malfunctioning organs. Biomaterials development as one of the key challenges in tissue engineering approach, resourced from natural origin imparts better biocompatibility due to closely mimicking composition with cellular microenvironment. The "Garbage In, Biomaterials Out (GIBO)" concept, not only recycles the agricultural wastes, but also adds to biomaterial raw products for further product development in tissue regeneration. This paper reviews the conversion of garbage agricultural by-products to the biocompatible materials for various biomedical applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT The agro-waste biomass processed, purified, modified, and further utilized for the fabrication of biomaterials-based support system for tissue engineering applications to grow living body parts in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Sah
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 144011 India
| | - Sunny Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 144011 India
| | - Bableen Flora
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab India
| | - Naved Malek
- Department of Chemistry, S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Medak, Telangana India
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Barletta M, Aversa C, Ayyoob M, Gisario A, Hamad K, Mehrpouya M, Vahabi H. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS): Materials, processing, and industrial applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Green Composites from Partially Bio-Based Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)-PBSA and Short Hemp Fibers with Itaconic Acid-Derived Compatibilizers and Plasticizers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14101968. [PMID: 35631851 PMCID: PMC9145613 DOI: 10.3390/polym14101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, green composites have been developed and characterized using a bio-based polymeric matrix such as BioPBSA and the introduction of 30 wt.% short hemp fibers as a natural reinforcement to obtain materials with maximum environmental efficiency. In order to increase the interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fiber to obtain better properties in the composites, a reactive extrusion process has been carried out. On the one hand, different additives derived from bio-based itaconic acid have been added to the BioPBSA/HEMP composite, such as dibutyl itaconate (DBI) and a copolymer of PBSA grafted with itaconic acid (PBSA-g-IA). On the other hand, a different copolymer of PBSA grafted with maleic anhydride (PBSA-g-MA) was also tested. The resulting composites have been processed by injection-molding to obtain different samples which were evaluated in terms of mechanical, thermal, chemical, dynamic-mechanical, morphological and wettability and color properties. In relation to the mechanical properties, the incorporation of hemp fibers resulted in an increase in the stiffness of the base polymer. The tensile modulus of pure BioPBSA increased from 281 MPa to 3482 MPa with 30% fiber. The addition of DBI shows a remarkable improvement in the ductility of the composites, while copolymers with IA and MA, generate mechanically balanced composites. In terms of thermal properties, the incorporation of hemp fiber and compatibilizing agents led to a reduction in thermal stability. However, from the point of view of thermomechanical properties, a clear increase in rigidity is achieved throughout the temperature range studied. As far as the color of the samples is concerned, the incorporation of hemp generates a typical color, while the incorporation of the compatibilizing agents does not modify this color excessively. Finally, the introduction of lignocellulosic fibers greatly affects water absorption and contact angle, although the use of additives helped to mitigate this effect.
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Shen A, Wang J, Zhang X, Fei X, Fan L, Zhu Y, Dong Y, Zhu J. High thermal resistance amorphous copolyesters synthesized from bio‐based 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ang Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
- Department of Materials University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Xuan Fei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
- Department of Materials University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lin Fan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Yanliu Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
- Department of Materials University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yunxiao Dong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
- Department of Materials University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
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Jiang YY, Ren L, Wu GH, Guo W, Guan XF, Zhang MY, Zhang HX. An environmentally sustainable isosorbide-based plasticizer for biodegradable poly(butylene succinate). JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this article, isosorbide divalerate (SDV), an alternative renewable resource plasticizer for degradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was successfully synthesized with isosorbide and valeric acid, and was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The mechanical properties, glass transition temperature (T
g
), crystallization properties, rheological behavior of PBS/SDV blends was studied in detail. The results showed that incorporation of SDV had successfully reduced T
g
of the PBS composites, particularly at 20 wt% SDV, where the value of T
g
exhibited a reduction of 12 °C or 39% compared to pure PBS, demonstrating SDV possessed plasticizing efficacy. The crystallinity of PBS was declined by presence of SDV in the blends, and the incorporation of 20 wt% SDV into PBS matrix promoted an impressive decrease of exceeding 22%. Significant enhancement of the toughness and flexibility of PBS was achieved by the addition of SDV. The rheological test revealed that the decrease of modulus and viscosity improved the processing properties of the materials, which broadened the PBS applications. Altogether the SEM showed the fracture surface of the composites undergoes a brittle-tough transition with increasing SDV content below 12% content, meanwhile, significant phase separation was observed in the composites with high content of SDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yong Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Liang Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Gui Hui Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Xian Feng Guan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Ming Yao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Hui Xuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Polymer Materials Synthesis and Application Technology, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
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Morinval A, Averous L. Systems Based on Biobased Thermoplastics: From Bioresources to Biodegradable Packaging Applications. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.2012802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Morinval
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Averous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
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Compatibilization of Starch/Synthetic Biodegradable Polymer Blends for Packaging Applications: A Review. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5110300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The health and environmental concerns of the usage of non-biodegradable plastics have driven efforts to explore replacing them with renewable polymers. Although starch is a vital renewable polymer, poor water resistivity and thermo-mechanical properties have limited its applications. Recently, starch/synthetic biodegradable polymer blends have captured greater attention to replace inert plastic materials; the question of ‘immiscibility’ arises during the blend preparation due to the mixing of hydrophilic starch with hydrophobic polymers. The immiscibility issue between starch and synthetic polymers impacts the water absorption, thermo-mechanical properties, and chemical stability demanded by various engineering applications. Numerous studies have been carried out to eliminate the immiscibility issues of the different components in the polymer blends while enhancing the thermo-mechanical properties. Incorporating compatibilizers into the blend mixtures has significantly reduced the particle sizes of the dispersed phase while improving the interfacial adhesion between the starch and synthetic biodegradable polymer, leading to fine and homogeneous structures. Thus, Significant improvements in thermo-mechanical and barrier properties and water resistance can be observed in the compatibilized blends. This review provides an extensive discussion on the compatibilization processes of starch and petroleum-based polymer blends.
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Shamsuri AA, Md. Jamil SNA, Abdan K. A Brief Review on the Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Chemical Properties of Biodegradable Polymer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2597. [PMID: 34451137 PMCID: PMC8401555 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are an exceptional class of polymers that can be decomposed by bacteria. They have received significant interest from researchers in several fields. Besides this, biodegradable polymers can also be incorporated with fillers to fabricate biodegradable polymer composites. Recently, a variety of ionic liquids have also been applied in the fabrication of the polymer composites. In this brief review, two types of fillers that are utilized for the fabrication of biodegradable polymer composites, specifically organic fillers and inorganic fillers, are described. Three types of synthetic biodegradable polymers that are commonly used in biodegradable polymer composites, namely polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polycaprolactone (PCL), are reviewed as well. Additionally, the influence of two types of ionic liquid, namely alkylimidazolium- and alkylphosphonium-based ionic liquids, on the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of the polymer composites, is also briefly reviewed. This review may be beneficial in providing insights into polymer composite investigators by enhancing the properties of biodegradable polymer composites via the employment of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Centre of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khalina Abdan
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Saliu OD, Mamo MA, Ndungu PG, Ramontja J. Micellization of a starch-poly(1,4-butylene succinate) nano-hybrid for enhanced energy storage. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11745-11759. [PMID: 35423662 PMCID: PMC8695992 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00635e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report on a reverse micellization approach to prepare uncarbonized starch and poly(1,4-butylene succinate) hybrids with exceptional charge storage performance. Uncarbonized starch was activated through protonation, hybridized with poly (1,4-butylene succinate), configured into conductive reverse micelles, and incorporated with magnetite nanoparticles. Before magnetite incorporation, the maximum specific capacitance (C sp), energy density (E d), power density (P d) and retention capacity (%) of the reverse micelles were estimated to be 584 F g-1, 143 W h kg-1, 2356 W kg and 97.5%. After magnetite incorporation, we achieved a maximum supercapacitive performance of 631 F g-1, 204 W h kg-1, 4371 W kg-1 and 98%. We demonstrate that the use of magnetite incorporated St-PBS reverse micelles minimizes the contact resistance between the two supercapacitor electrodes, resulting in high charge storage capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Saliu
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein 2028 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - M A Mamo
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein 2028 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - P G Ndungu
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein 2028 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - J Ramontja
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein 2028 Johannesburg South Africa
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14
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Poly(1,4-butylene -co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) copolyester: Potential bio-based engineering plastic. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Xu J, Chen Y, Tian Y, Yang Z, Zhao Z, Du W, Zhang X. Effect of ionic liquid 1-buyl-3-methylimidazolium halide on the structure and tensile property of PBS/corn starch blends. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:170-177. [PMID: 33450339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As a promising biodegradable resin, poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) is often blended with starch to reduce the cost. In this paper, 1-buyl-3-methylimidazolium halide pre-plasticized corn starch (CS) was blended with PBS to prepare PBS/corn starch blend material modified by ionic liquid (PBS/CS-IL). Ionic liquid (IL) acted as plasticizer and compatibilizer, and the effects of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium halide with different halogen anion on PBS/Starch blends were explored. The effects of IL on the structure and tensile property of PBS/Starch blends were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, DSC, TGA and XRD, respectively. Test results showed that the addition of IL significantly reduced the crystallinity of PBS/Starch blends, and the size of starch particles in the PBS matrix was also effectively reduced. IL also acted as a compatibilizer of starch and PBS, and induced the morphology of the blends to change from "sea-island" structure to homogeneous phase. The results of the tensile test showed that compared with the PBS/Starch blend without IL, the elongation at break of PBS/CS-IL increased from 22% to 93%. This study provided a simple and feasible method for the preparation of low-cost PBS bio-composite materials, and provided theoretical support for future industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuanfang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhaojie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenhao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Shamsuri AA, Abdan K, Kaneko T. A Concise Review on the Physicochemical Properties of Biopolymer Blends Prepared in Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2021; 26:E216. [PMID: 33406627 PMCID: PMC7796285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An enhancement of environmental concern lately has improved the awareness of researchers in employing eco-friendly solvents for processing biopolymers. Recently, ionic liquids have been utilized to prepare biopolymer blends as they are non-volatile and recyclable. Biopolymers such as cellulose, chitin, chitosan, keratin, lignin, silk, starch, and zein are widely used for the preparation of biopolymer blends via dissolution in ionic liquids, followed by coagulation procedure. In this concise review, three types of ionic liquids based on imidazolium cations combined with different counter anions that are frequently utilized to prepare biopolymer blends are described. Moreover, three types of biopolymer blends that are prepared in ionic liquids were classified, specifically polysaccharide/polysaccharide blends, polysaccharide/polypeptide blends, and polysaccharide/bioplastic blends. The physicochemical properties of biopolymer blends prepared in different imidazolium-based ionic liquids are also concisely reviewed. This paper may assist the researchers in the polymer blend area and generate fresh ideas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khalina Abdan
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tatsuo Kaneko
- Energy and Environment Area, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi District 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan;
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Guo Q, Li B, Bao C, Li Y, Cao Y, Wang C, Wu W. Bletilla striata
Polysaccharides Improve Hemostatic, Antiinflammatory Efficacy, and Platelet Aggregation in Gingivitis Rat Model. STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Bailei Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Chunling Bao
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Yixia Li
- Nanjing Baiyun Chemical Environmental Monitoring Co., Ltd. Jiangsu 210047 China
| | - Yuling Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China
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18
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Yan Y, Dou Q. Effect of Peroxide on Compatibility, Microstructure, Rheology, Crystallization, and Mechanical Properties of PBS/Waxy Starch Composites. STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Qiang Dou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
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19
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Compatibilization Effect of Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants on Physicochemical Properties of PBS/Rice Starch Blends: An Initial Study. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13081885. [PMID: 32316400 PMCID: PMC7215748 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Polybutylene succinate (PBS)/rice starch (RS) blends were prepared via the hot-melt extrusion technique through the usage of a twin-screw extruder without and containing ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILbS). Two types of ILbS were used, specifically, 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [C12mim][OTf] and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C12mim][NTf2] were mixed into the PBS/RS blends at the different contents (0–8 wt.%). The tensile and flexural results showed that the blends containing ILbS have a high tensile extension and tensile energy compared to the blend without ILbS. The blends containing ILbS also have a high flexural extension compared with the blend without ILbS. The blends containing [C12mim][NTf2] have a significant improvement in the tensile energy (up to 239%) and flexural extension (up to 17%) in comparison with the blends containing [C12mim][OTf]. The FTIR spectra demonstrated that the presence of ILbS in the blends generated the intermolecular interactions (ion-dipole force and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction) between PBS and RS. The DSC results exhibited that the melting points of the prepared blends are decreased with the addition of ILbS. However, the TGA results showed that the thermal decomposition of the blends containing ILbS are higher than the blend without ILbS. The values of decomposition temperature were 387.4 °C, 381.8 °C, and 378.6 °C of PBS/RS-[C12mim][NTf2], PBS/RS-[C12mim][OTf], and PBS/RS, respectively. In conclusion, the ILbS could significantly improve the physicochemical properties of the PBS/RS blends by acting as a compatibilizer.
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20
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Nazrin A, Sapuan SM, Zuhri MYM, Ilyas RA, Syafiq R, Sherwani SFK. Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:213. [PMID: 32351928 PMCID: PMC7174692 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic plastics are severely detrimental to the environment because non-biodegradable plastics do not degrade for hundreds of years. Nowadays, these plastics are very commonly used for food packaging. To overcome this problem, food packaging materials should be substituted with "green" or environmentally friendly materials, normally in the form of natural fiber reinforced biopolymer composites. Thermoplastic starch (TPS), polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) were chosen for the substitution, because of their availability, biodegradability, and good food contact properties. Plasticizer (glycerol) was used to modify the starch, such as TPS under a heating condition, which improved its processability. TPS films are sensitive to moisture and their mechanical properties are generally not suitable for food packaging if used alone, while PLA and PBS have a low oxygen barrier but good mechanical properties and processability. In general, TPS, PLA, and PBS need to be modified for food packaging requirements. Natural fibers are often incorporated as reinforcements into TPS, PLA, and PBS to overcome their weaknesses. Natural fibers are normally used in the form of fibers, fillers, celluloses, and nanocelluloses, but the focus of this paper is on nanocellulose. Nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites demonstrate an improvement in mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties. The addition of compatibilizer as a coupling agent promotes a fine dispersion of nanocelluloses in polymer. Additionally, nanocellulose and TPS are also mixed with PLA and PBS because they are costly, despite having commendable properties. Starch and natural fibers are utilized as fillers because they are abundant, cheap and biodegradable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nazrin
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - S M Sapuan
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.,Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - M Y M Zuhri
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - R A Ilyas
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - R Syafiq
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - S F K Sherwani
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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21
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Polaskova M, Cermak R, Polasek Z, Commereuc S, Verney V, Costa Gomes MF, Padua AAH. Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Morphology of Corn Flour/Polyester Mixtures. STARCH-STARKE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201700233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Polaskova
- Centre of Polymer Systems; Tomas Bata University in Zlin; University Institute; Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlin 76001 Czech Republic
- Faculty of Technology; Department of Polymer Engineering; Tomas Bata University in Zlin; Vavreckova 275, Zlin 76001 Czech Republic
| | - Roman Cermak
- Centre of Polymer Systems; Tomas Bata University in Zlin; University Institute; Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlin 76001 Czech Republic
- Faculty of Technology; Department of Polymer Engineering; Tomas Bata University in Zlin; Vavreckova 275, Zlin 76001 Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Polasek
- Faculty of Technology; Department of Food Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlin; Rumy 4046, Zlin 76001 Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Commereuc
- CNRS UMR 6296; Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 10448 Aubière Cedex 63000 France
| | - Vincent Verney
- CNRS UMR 6296; Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 10448 Aubière Cedex 63000 France
| | - Margarida F. Costa Gomes
- UMR CNRS 6296; Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 80026 Aubière Cedex 63177 France
| | - Agilio A. H. Padua
- UMR CNRS 6296; Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 80026 Aubière Cedex 63177 France
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Decaen P, Rolland-Sabaté A, Guilois S, Jury V, Allanic N, Colomines G, Lourdin D, Leroy E. Choline chloride vs choline ionic liquids for starch thermoplasticization. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:424-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Favero J, Belhabib S, Guessasma S, Decaen P, Reguerre AL, Lourdin D, Leroy E. On the representative elementary size concept to evaluate the compatibilisation of a plasticised biopolymer blend. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 172:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Preparation and properties of compatible starch-polycaprolactone composites: Effects of hard segments in the polyurethane compatibilizer. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Characteristics of thermoplastic sugar palm Starch/Agar blend: Thermal, tensile, and physical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 89:575-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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