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Yu M, Cai Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Fu J, Cui X. Aberrant NSUN2-mediated m5C modification of exosomal LncRNA MALAT1 induced RANKL-mediated bone destruction in multiple myeloma. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1249. [PMID: 39358426 PMCID: PMC11446919 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of exosome-mediated crosstalk between multiple myeloma (MM) cells and osteoclasts (OCs) on bone lesions remains to be investigated. Here, we identified NSUN2 and YBX1-mediated m5C modifications upregulated LncRNA MALAT1 expression in MM cells, which could be transported to OCs via exosomes and promote bone lesions. Methodologically, RNA-seq was carried out to detect the cargoes of exosomes. TRAP staining and WB were used to evaluate osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Micro-CT and bone histomorphometric analyses were performed to identify bone destruction in vivo. RNA pull-down, RIP, MeRIP, and luciferase reporter assays were used to test the interactions between molecules. The clinical features of MALAT1, NSUN2 and YBX1 were verified through public datasets and clinicopathological data analyses. Mechanistically, MALAT1 was the highest expressed lncRNA in U266 exosomes and could be transported to RAW264.7 cells. MALAT1 could enhance the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into OCs by stimulating RANKL expression and its downstream AKT and MAPKs signaling pathways via a ceRNA mechanism. Additionally, MALAT1 could be modified by NSUN2, an m5C methyltransferase, which in turn stabilized MALAT1 through the "reader" YBX1. Clinical studies indicated a notable positive correlation between MALAT1, NSUN2, YBX1 levels and bone destruction features, as well as with RANKL expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manya Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhiguo Cai
- Department of Quality Control, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250014, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250014, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xing Cui
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, China.
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2
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Sun S, Iwata T. Role of AOX1 on RXR signaling regulates osteoblastogenesis in hPDLMSCs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16767. [PMID: 39034354 PMCID: PMC11271290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss resulting from periodontal disease ultimately leads to tooth loss. Periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs) are the tissue-specific cells responsible for maintaining and repairing the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. In this study, we explored the role of aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1) in regulating the osteoinduction of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLMSCs). hPDLMSCs were isolated from clinically healthy donors, and AOX1 expression was assessed by comparing inducted and non-inducted hPDLMSCs. Remarkably, we observed a significant upregulation of AOX1 expression during osteoinduction, while AOX1 silencing resulted in the enhanced osteogenic potential of hPDLMSCs. Subsequent experiments and analysis unveiled the involvement of retinoid X receptor (RXR) signaling in the inhibition of osteogenesis in hPDLMSCs. Ligands targeting the RXR receptor mirrored the effects of AOX1 on osteogenesis, as evidenced by alterations in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone formation levels. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential regulatory role of AOX1 via RXR signaling in the osteogenesis of hPDLMSCs. This elucidation is pivotal for advancing hPDLMSC-based periodontal regeneration strategies and lays the groundwork for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing bone formation in the context of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
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3
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Luo S, Li Z, Liu L, Zhao J, Ge W, Zhang K, Zhou Z, Liu Y. Static magnetic field-induced IL-6 secretion in periodontal ligament stem cells accelerates orthodontic tooth movement. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9851. [PMID: 38684732 PMCID: PMC11059396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Static magnetic field (SMF) promoting bone tissue remodeling is a potential non-invasive therapy technique to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which are mechanosensitive cells, are essential for force-induced bone remodeling and OTM. However, whether and how the PDLSCs influence the process of inflammatory bone remodeling under mechanical force stimuli in the presence of SMFs remains unclear. In this study, we found that local SMF stimulation significantly enhanced the OTM distance and induced osteoclastogenesis on the compression side of a rat model of OTM. Further experiments with macrophages cultured with supernatants from force-loaded PDLSCs exposed to an SMF showed enhanced osteoclast formation. RNA-seq analysis showed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) was elevated in force-loaded PDLSCs exposed to SMFs. IL-6 expression was also elevated on the pressure side of a rat OTM model with an SMF. The OTM distance induced by an SMF was significantly decreased after injection of the IL-6 inhibitor tocilizumab. These results imply that SMF promotes osteoclastogenesis by inducing force-loaded PDLSCs to secrete the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, which accelerates OTM. This will help to reveal the mechanism of SMF accelerates tooth movement and should be evaluated for application in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, China
| | - Zhilian Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Lizhiyi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, China
| | - Wenbin Ge
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, 176 Qingnian Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Middle Haiyuan Road, High-Tech Zone, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China.
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4
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Raoufinia R, Arabnezhad A, Keyhanvar N, Abdyazdani N, Saburi E, Naseri N, Niazi F, Niazi F, Namdar AB, Rahimi HR. Leveraging stem cells to combat hepatitis: a comprehensive review of recent studies. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:459. [PMID: 38551743 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis is a significant global public health concern, with viral infections being the most common cause of liver inflammation. Antiviral medications are the primary treatments used to suppress the virus and prevent liver damage. However, the high cost of these drugs and the lack of awareness and stigma surrounding the disease create challenges in managing hepatitis. Stem cell therapy has arisen as a promising therapeutic strategy for hepatitis by virtue of its regenerative and immunomodulatory characteristics. Stem cells have the exceptional capacity to develop into numerous cell types and facilitate tissue regeneration, rendering them a highly promising therapeutic avenue for hepatitis. In animal models, stem cell therapy has demonstrated worthy results by reducing liver inflammation and improving liver function. Furthermore, clinical trials have been undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of stem cell therapy in individuals with hepatitis. This review aims to explore the involvement of stem cells in treating hepatitis and highlight the findings from studies conducted on both animals and humans. The objective of this review is to primarily concentrate on the ongoing and future clinical trials that assess the application of stem cell therapy in the context of hepatitis, including the transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and other mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, this review will explore the potential merits and constraints linked to stem cell therapy for hepatitis, as well as its prospective implications in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoufinia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Arabnezhad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Keyhanvar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Naseri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicine, Hamadan University of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Niazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Niazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Beheshti Namdar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Rodriguez NM, Loren P, Paez I, Martínez C, Chaparro A, Salazar LA. MicroRNAs: The Missing Link between Hypertension and Periodontitis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1992. [PMID: 38396672 PMCID: PMC10889313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and arterial hypertension is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Arterial hypertension is the result of an inflammatory process that results in the remodeling and thickening of the vascular walls, which is associated with an immunological response. Previous studies have attempted to demonstrate the relationship between oral disease, inflammation, and the development of systemic diseases. Currently, the existence of an association between periodontitis and hypertension is a controversial issue because the underlying pathophysiological processes and inflammatory mechanisms common to both diseases are unknown. This is due to the fact that periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the interface of teeth and surrounding tissues. However, the most likely explanation for understanding this association is related to low-grade chronic inflammation. An initial path in the study of the relationship between the mentioned pathologies is the possibility of an epigenetic influence, mediated by noncoding RNAs as microRNAs. Thus, in the present review we describe the role of microRNAs related to arterial hypertension and/or periodontitis. In addition, we identified 13 common microRNAs between periodontitis and hypertension. According to the predictions of the DIANA-mirPath program, they can regulate genes involved in 52 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelia M Rodriguez
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pía Loren
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Isis Paez
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Constanza Martínez
- Department of Oral Pathology and Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Alejandra Chaparro
- Department of Oral Pathology and Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
- Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Wu Y, Gong P. Scopolamine regulates the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through lactylation modification of RUNX2 protein. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1169. [PMID: 38258916 PMCID: PMC10804664 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are important mesenchymal stem cells contributing to regenerating lost periodontal tissues and repairing bone defects. Studies on the molecular mechanism affecting the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs are necessary. Scopolamine (SCO) is known as a regulator of neural cell damage. The focus of the current study is on unveiling the role of SCO-mediated molecular mechanism in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Through CCK-8 assay and LDH detection, we confirmed that SCO enhanced the viability of PDLSCs. Moreover, we determined that SCO induced the PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation, according to data of ALP activity measurement and ARS staining. Mechanistically, we performed western blot and identified that SCO could promote the lactylation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). We also found through rescue assays that knockdown of RUNX2 could reverse the effect of SCO treatment on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Further mechanism investigation revealed that lactylation of RUNX2 at K176 site enhances the protein stability of RUNX2 through deubiquitination. Collectively, our present study unveils that SCO stabilizes RUNX2 to promote the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through the lactylation modification of RUNX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of PeriodonticsAffiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and ReconstructionGuangzhouChina
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Pan Gong
- Department of StomatologyAffiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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7
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Guzeldemir-Akcakanat E, Sunnetci-Akkoyunlu D, Balta-Uysal VM, Özer T, Işik EB, Cine N. Differentially expressed miRNAs associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:7. [PMID: 38123758 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate miRNA expression profiles in individuals with periodontitis which is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the integrity of the periodontal attachment. miRNAs play a crucial role in gene regulation through various mechanisms, making them potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for various diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 individuals with aggressive periodontitis and 25 controls were included in the study. Gingival tissues were collected for miRNA isolation and cDNA synthesis. miRNAs associated with periodontitis, including hsa-miR-185-5p, hsa-miR-17, hs-miR-146a, hs-miR-146b, hs-miR-155, hs-miR-203, hs-miR-205, hs-miR-223, and hsa-miR-21-3p, were analyzed using a combination of miRTarBase database analysis and literature mining was performed. Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression patterns of the target miRNAs, and the data were analyzed using the REST program. RESULTS The study revealed upregulated expression levels of hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-203b-5p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-146b-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p in individuals with periodontitis. Conversely, downregulated expression was observed for hsa-miR-185-5p, hsa-miR-21-3p, and hsa-miR-17-3p. CONCLUSION The findings suggest significant differences in the expression of specific miRNAs associated with inflammation in periodontitis. MZB1 acts as a hormone-regulated adipokine/pro-inflammatory cytokine, driving chronic inflammation and influencing cellular expansion. Predominantly expressed in marginal zone and B1 B cells, specialized subsets that respond rapidly to infections, MZB1 impacts immune protein synthesis and immune cell maturation, notably targeting microRNA-185 to potentially impede T cell development. Further research is needed to elucidate the functional significance and potential implications of these miRNAs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE miRNAs regulate the expression of target genes by finely tuning protein expression levels. The current findings provide compelling evidence of notable variations in the expression levels of specific miRNAs associated with inflammation in individuals affected by periodontitis; hence, miRNAs hold promise as potential therapeutic targets for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Guzeldemir-Akcakanat
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, 41190 Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | | | - V Merve Balta-Uysal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, 41190 Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tolgahan Özer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Elif Büşra Işik
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Naci Cine
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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8
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Wan JX, Wang YQ, Lan SN, Chen L, Feng MQ, Chen X. Research Progress in Function and Regulation of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SMURF1. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:855-868. [PMID: 37558865 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Smad ubiquitylation regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1) is an important homologous member of E6-AP C-terminus type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Initially, Smurf1 was reportedly involved in the negative regulation of the bone morphogenesis protein (BMP) pathway. After further research, several studies have confirmed that Smurf1 is widely involved in various biological processes, such as bone homeostasis regulation, cell migration, apoptosis, and planar cell polarity. At the same time, recent studies have provided a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of Smurf1's expression, activity, and substrate selectivity. In our review, a brief summary of recent important biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xi Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Si-Na Lan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liu Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ming-Qian Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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9
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Wei X, Liu Q, Liu L, Tian W, Wu Y, Guo S. Periostin plays a key role in maintaining the osteogenic abilities of dental follicle stem cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 153:105737. [PMID: 37320885 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effect of periostin in the osteogenic abilities of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and DFSC sheets in the inflammatory microenvironment. DESIGN DFSCs were isolated from dental follicles and identified. A lentiviral vector was used to knock down periostin in DFSCs. 250 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g-LPS) was used to construct the inflammatory microenvironment. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alizarin red staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot. The formation of extracellular matrix was assessed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were measured by western blot. RESULTS Knockdown of periostin inhibited osteogenic differentiation and promoted adipogenic differentiation of DFSCs. In an inflammatory microenvironment, knockdown of periostin attenuated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DFSCs. Knockdown of periostin inhibited the formation of extracellular matrix collagen I (COL-I), fibronectin, and laminin in DFSC sheets, but did not affect the expression of osteogenesis-related markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN). In the inflammatory microenvironment, knocking down periostin inhibited the expression of OCN and OPG in DFSC sheets, and promoted the expression of RANKL. CONCLUSION Periostin played a key role in maintaining the osteogenic abilities of DFSCs and DFSC sheets in the inflammatory microenvironment and might be an important molecule in the process of DFSCs coping with inflammatory microenvironment and promoting periodontal tissues regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Shujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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10
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Ge W, Luo S, Zhang K, Liu L, Zhou Z, Liu Y. Role of histone deacetylase 9 in human periodontal ligament stem cells autophagy in a tumour necrosis factor α-induced inflammatory environment. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102113. [PMID: 37262978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in the post-translational modification of histones, which can affect the biological properties of cells, thereby altering disease progression and outcomes. However, it remains unclear how HDAC9, a class II HDAC, affects the autophagy of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). We aimed to identify its role in autophagy in hPDLSCs in an inflammatory environment and to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms. A rat periodontitis model was induced by ligating the molars with silk thread. Expression of autophagy-related genes and TNF-α was elevated in this model. TNF-α was used to stimulate hPDLSCs to establish an inflammatory environment. In the TNF-α-stimulated hPDLSCs, the expression of ATG7, ATG12, Beclin-1, LC3 and HDAC9 was upregulated, and that of p62 was downregulated. When HDAC9 expression was inhibited, autophagy-related genes expression was downregulated, and p62 expression was upregulated in TNF-α-treated hPDLSCs, indicating that autophagy was inhibited under these conditions. ERK pathway inhibition significantly reduced HDAC9-mediated autophagy in TNF-α-treated hPDLSCs. These findings reveal that autophagy occurred in our rat periodontitis model and that HDAC9 regulated autophagy via ERK pathways in hPDLSCs in the inflammatory environment. HDAC9 is therefore a potential target for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ge
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Shitong Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Lizhiyi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650021, China.
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China.
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11
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Wei X, Guo S, Liu Q, Liu L, Huo F, Wu Y, Tian W. Dental Follicle Stem Cells Promote Periodontal Regeneration through Periostin-Mediated Macrophage Infiltration and Reprogramming in an Inflammatory Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076353. [PMID: 37047322 PMCID: PMC10094259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have been verified to promote periodontal regeneration in an inflammatory microenvironment. When coping with inflammatory stimulation, DFSCs highly express periostin, a bioactive molecule closely related to periodontal homeostasis. It is worth exploring whether and how periostin plays a role in the promotion of periodontal regeneration by DFSCs. By tracking the fate of DFSCs, it was found that DFSCs significantly contributed to periodontal regeneration in rat periodontal defects while they had a low survival rate. They highly expressed periostin and improved the immune microenvironment in the defect area, especially via the recruitment and reprogramming of macrophages. Silencing periostin attenuated the effects of DFSCs in promoting periodontal regeneration and regulating macrophages. Recombinant human periostin (rhPeriostin) could not only directly promote macrophage reprogramming through the integrin αM/phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-Erk)/Erk signaling pathway, but it also exhibited the potential to promote periodontal regeneration in rats when loaded in a collagen matrix. These results indicated that periostin is actively involved in the process by which DFSCs promote periodontal regeneration through the regulation of macrophages and is a promising molecular agent to promote periodontal regeneration. This study provides new insight into the mechanism by which DFSCs promote periodontal regeneration and suggests a new approach for periodontal regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (W.T.)
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (W.T.)
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12
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Zhang Q, Long Y, Jin L, Li C, Long J. Non-coding RNAs regulate the BMP/Smad pathway during osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:151998. [PMID: 36630753 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.151998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. The BMP/Smad pathway is a key signaling pathway for classical regulation of osteogenic differentiation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and the BMP/Smad pathway both have important roles for osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, bone regeneration, and development of bone diseases. There is increasing evidence that ncRNAs interact with the BMP/Smad pathway to regulate not only osteogenic differentiation of stem cells but also progression of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP), myeloma, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), by controlling the expression of bone disease-related genes. Therefore, ncRNAs that interact with BMP/Smad pathway molecules are potential targets for bone regeneration as well as bone disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. However, despite extensive studies on ncRNAs associated with the BMP/Smad pathway and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, there is a lack of comparability. Moreover, some bone disease-associated ncRNAs with low abundance can be difficult to detect and there is a lack of mature delivery systems for their stable translocation to target sites, thus limiting their application. In this review, we summarize the research progress on interactions between ncRNAs and the BMP/Smad pathway during osteogenic differentiation of various stem cells and in the regulation of bone regeneration and bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yifei Long
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Liangyu Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chenghao Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Jie Long
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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13
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Kong H, Liu P, Li H, Zeng X, Xu P, Yao X, Liu S, Cheng CK, Xu J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: The Novel Therapeutic Option for Regenerative Dentistry. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:46-58. [PMID: 35132538 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by unlimited self-renewal ability and high multidirectional differentiation potential. Since dental MSCs can be easily isolated and exhibit a high capability to differentiate into odontogenic cells, they are considered as attractive therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry. Recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have attracted widespread attention as carriers for cell-free therapy due to their potential functions. Many studies have shown that MSC-EVs can mediate microenvironment at tissue damage site, and coordinate the regeneration process. Additionally, MSC-EVs can mediate intercellular communication, thus affecting the phenotypes and functions of recipient cells. In this review, we mainly summarized the types of MSCs that could be potentially applied in regenerative dentistry, the possible molecular cargos of MSC-EVs, and the major effects of MSC-EVs on the therapeutic induction of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Kong
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqi Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiantao Zeng
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiwu Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Yao
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Senqing Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. .,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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14
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The role of noncoding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mohd N, Razali M, Ghazali MJ, Abu Kasim NH. Current Advances of Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Application in Dentistry: A Scoping Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6398. [PMID: 36143709 PMCID: PMC9504181 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology has emerged as an ideal approach to address the challenges in regenerative dentistry by fabricating 3D tissue constructs with customized complex architecture. The dilemma with current dental treatments has led to the exploration of this technology in restoring and maintaining the function of teeth. This scoping review aims to explore 3D bioprinting technology together with the type of biomaterials and cells used for dental applications. Based on PRISMA-ScR guidelines, this systematic search was conducted by using the following databases: Ovid, PubMed, EBSCOhost and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were (i) cell-laden 3D-bioprinted construct; (ii) intervention to regenerate dental tissue using bioink, which incorporates living cells or in combination with biomaterial; and (iii) 3D bioprinting for dental applications. A total of 31 studies were included in this review. The main 3D bioprinting technique was extrusion-based approach. Novel bioinks in use consist of different types of natural and synthetic polymers, decellularized extracellular matrix and spheroids with encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells, and have shown promising results for periodontal ligament, dentin, dental pulp and bone regeneration application. However, 3D bioprinting in dental applications, regrettably, is not yet close to being a clinical reality. Therefore, further research in fabricating ideal bioinks with implantation into larger animal models in the oral environment is very much needed for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulhuda Mohd
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Masfueh Razali
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali
- Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- DLima Dental Clinic, 44-A, Jalan Plumbum N7/N, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Xu K, Chu Y, Liu Q, Fan W, He H, Huang F. NEDD4 E3 Ligases: Functions and Mechanisms in Bone and Tooth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179937. [PMID: 36077334 PMCID: PMC9455957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a precisely controlled enzymatic cascade reaction belonging to the post-translational modification of proteins. In this process, E3 ligases catalyze the binding of ubiquitin (Ub) to protein substrates and define specificity. The neuronally expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (NEDD4) subfamily, belonging to the homology to E6APC terminus (HECT) class of E3 ligases, has recently emerged as an essential determinant of multiple cellular processes in different tissues, including bone and tooth. Here, we place special emphasis on the regulatory role of the NEDD4 subfamily in the molecular and cell biology of osteogenesis. We elucidate in detail the specific roles, downstream substrates, and upstream regulatory mechanisms of the NEDD4 subfamily. Further, we provide an overview of the involvement of E3 ligases and deubiquitinases in the development, repair, and regeneration of another mineralized tissue—tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Yanhao Chu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510008, China
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (F.H.)
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Roganović J, Petrović N. Clinical Perspectives of Non-Coding RNA in Oral Inflammatory Diseases and Neuropathic Pain: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158278. [PMID: 35955417 PMCID: PMC9368403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a research hotspot by playing a key role in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of diverse biological functions and due to their involvement in different diseases, including oral inflammatory diseases. Based on ncRNAs’ suitability for salivary biomarkers and their involvement in neuropathic pain and tissue regeneration signaling pathways, the present narrative review aims to highlight the potential clinical applications of ncRNAs in oral inflammatory diseases, with an emphasis on salivary diagnostics, regenerative dentistry, and precision medicine for neuropathic orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Roganović
- Department of Pharmacology in Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-641976330
| | - Nina Petrović
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Effect of MicroRNA-138 on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Suppression of Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Underlying Mechanism. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7230167. [PMID: 35845957 PMCID: PMC9286885 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7230167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High doses of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) suppress osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). In the present study, we aimed to explore the role and potential regulatory mechanism of microRNA-138 (miR-138) in the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs after treatment with a high dose of TNF-α. The hDPSCs were cultured in osteogenic medium with or without 50 ng/ml TNF-α. The miR-138 levels were upregulated during osteogenic differentiation of the hDPSCs following TNF-α treatment. The miR-138 overexpression accelerated but miR-138 knockdown alleviated the TNF-α-induced suppression of the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and protein abundance of dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, bone sialoprotein, and osteopontin during osteogenic differentiation induction of hDPSCs. Additionally, miR-138 overexpression accelerated but miR-138 knockdown alleviated the suppression of the focal adhesion kinase- (FAK-) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway during osteogenic differentiation induction of hDPSCs under TNF-α treatment. In conclusion, miR-138 accelerates TNF-α-induced suppression of osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. Inactivation of the FAK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway may be one of the mechanisms underlying the effect of miR-138. Inhibition of miR-138 expression may be a strategy to weaken the inhibitory effect of high-dose TNF-α on the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.
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Zeng B, Huang J. Progress in the Study of Non-Coding RNAs in Multidifferentiation Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Genet 2022; 13:854285. [PMID: 35480302 PMCID: PMC9037064 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.854285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, the desire for tissue regeneration has never been quenched. Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs), with the potential of self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation, have attracted much attention in this topic. Growing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can activate various regulatory processes. Even with a slight decrease or increase in expression, ncRNAs can weaken or even subvert cellular fate. Therefore, a systematic interpretation of ncRNAs that guide the differentiation of DMSCs into cells of other tissue types is urgently needed. In this review, we introduce the roles of ncRNAs in the differentiation of DMSCs, such as osteogenic differentiation, odontogenic differentiation, neurogenic differentiation, angiogenic differentiation and myogenic differentiation. Additionally, we illustrate the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs in the differentiation of DMSCs, such as epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, mRNA modulation, miRNA sponges and signalling. Finally, we summarize the types and mechanisms of ncRNAs in the differentiation of DMSCs, such as let-7 family, miR-17∼92 family, miR-21, lncRNA H19, lncRNA ANCR, lncRNA MEG3, circRNA CDR1as and CircRNA SIPA1L1. If revealing the intricate relationship between ncRNAs and pluripotency of DMSCs 1 day, the application of DMSCs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering will be improved. Our work could be an important stepping stone towards this future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Zeng
- Department of Oral Pathology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Kaffash Farkhad N, Mahmoudi A, Mahdipour E. Regenerative therapy by using Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived exosomes in COVID-19 treatment. The potential role and underlying mechanisms. Regen Ther 2022; 20:61-71. [PMID: 35340407 PMCID: PMC8938276 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and quickly became the global pandemic. The high spread rate, relatively high mortality rate, and the lack of specific medicine have led researchers and clinicians worldwide to find new treatment strategies. Unfortunately, evidence shows that the virus-specific receptor Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is present on the surface of most cells in the body, leading to immune system dysfunction and multi-organ failure in critically ill patients. In this context, the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and their secret has opened new therapeutic horizons for patients due to the lack of ACE2 receptor expression. MSCs exert their beneficial therapeutic actions, particularly anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, mainly through paracrine effects which are mediated by exosomes. Exosomes are bilayer nanovesicles that carry a unique cargo of proteins, lipids and functional nucleic acids based on their cell origin. This review article aims to investigate the possible role of exosomes and the underlying mechanism involved in treating COVID-19 disease based on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Kaffash Farkhad
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University campus. Azadi Sq, Mashhad. Iran.
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21
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Zhai Q, Chen X, Fei D, Guo X, He X, Zhao W, Shi S, Gooding JJ, Jin F, Jin Y, Li B. Nanorepairers Rescue Inflammation-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103839. [PMID: 34894103 PMCID: PMC8811813 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction in tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plays a critical role in cell fate and the morbidity of chronic inflammation-associated bone diseases, such as periodontitis and osteoarthritis. However, there is still no effective method to cure chronic inflammation-associated bone diseases by physiologically restoring the function of mitochondria and MSCs. Herein, it is first found that chronic inflammation leads to excess Ca2+ transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria, which causes mitochondrial calcium overload and further damage to mitochondria. Furthermore, damaged mitochondria continuously accumulate in MSCs due to the inhibition of mitophagy by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway under chronic inflammatory conditions, impairing the differentiation of MSCs. Based on the mechanistic discovery, intracellular microenvironment (esterase and low pH)-responsive nanoparticles are fabricated to capture Ca2+ around mitochondria in MSCs to regulate MSC mitochondrial calcium flux against mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, the same nanoparticles are able to deliver siRNA to MSCs to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and regulate mitophagy of the originally dysfunctional mitochondria. These precision-engineered nanoparticles, referred to as "nanorepairers," physiologically restore the function of mitochondria and MSCs, resulting in effective therapy for periodontitis and osteoarthritis. The concept can potentially be expanded to the treatment of other diseases via mitochondrial quality control intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
- Department of OrthodonticsSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationInstitute of Polymer Science in Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiao Tong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Dongdong Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationInstitute of Polymer Science in Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiao Tong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Wanmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell ResearchGuanghua School of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510080China
| | - John Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for Nano‐MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of OrthodonticsSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
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22
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Li Y, Zhao X, Sun M, Pei D, Li A. Deciphering the Epigenetic Code of Stem Cells Derived From Dental Tissues. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.807046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental tissues (DSCs) exhibit multipotent regenerative potential in pioneering tissue engineering regimens. The multipotency of DSCs is critically regulated by an intricate range of factors, of which the epigenetic influence is considered vital. To gain a better understanding of how epigenetic alterations are involved in the DSC fate determination, the present review overviews the current knowledge relating to DSC epigenetic modifications, paying special attention to the landscape of epigenetic modifying agents as well as the related signaling pathways in DSC regulation. In addition, insights into the future opportunities of epigenetic targeted therapies mediated by DSCs are discussed to hold promise for the novel therapeutic interventions in future translational medicine.
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23
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Liu J, Wang H, Zhang L, Li X, Ding X, Ding G, Wei F. Periodontal ligament stem cells promote polarization of M2 macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 111:1185-1197. [PMID: 34982483 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ma1220-853rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are widely distributed in a variety of tissues, and the different state of macrophages polarization is closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of inflammation, including periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease leading to tooth loss worldwide. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play a key role in immune regulation and periodontal tissues regeneration, contributing to cell-based therapy of periodontitis. However, the interactions between PDLSCs and macrophages are still elusive. The purpose of present study is to investigate the effect of PDLSCs conditioned medium (PDLSCs-CM) on the macrophage polarization and the possible mechanism. PDLSCs were isolated using tissue explant methods and characterized via multipotent differentiation test and examination of expression profiles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) markers. The supernatant of PDLSCs was collected, centrifuged, filtered, and used as PDLSCs-CM. Then, PDLSCs-CM was cocultured with M0 macrophages or IL-4- and IL-13-induced M2 macrophages. The level of surface markers of M1/M2 macrophages and production of several proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory factors were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The associated genes and proteins involved in the JNK pathway were investigated to explore the potential mechanism that may regulate PDLSCs-CM-mediated macrophage polarization. PDLSCs expressed MSCs markers, including STRO-1, CD146, CD90, and CD73, and were negative for CD34 and CD45, could undergo osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation when cultured in defined medium. After incubation with PDLSCs-CM, no significant increase of CD80+ and HLA-DR+ M1 macrophages was shown while evaluated CD209+ and CD206+ M2 macrophages were observed. In addition, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors such as IL-10, TGF-β, and CCL18 were increased instead of proinflammatory factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α with PDLSC-CM treatment. There was a decrease of JNK expression on M0 macrophages by qRT-PCR analysis and an increase of protein phosphorylation on M0 macrophages after incubation with PDLSCs-CM. Furthermore, as for the enhancement of IL-4- and IL-13-mediated M2 polarization by PDLSCs-CM, the mRNA level of JNK decreased, and the protein phosphorylation level of JNK increased. In addition, the treatment of JNK pathway inhibitor, SP600125, could inhibit the expression and secretion level of anti-inflammatory factor such as IL-10 in M2 polarization induced by PDLSCs-CM. Collectively, PDLSCs were able to induce M2 macrophage polarization instead of M1 polarization, and capable of enhancing M2 macrophage polarization induced by IL-4 and IL-13. The JNK pathway was involved in the promotion of M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoling Ding
- Clinical Competency Training Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Gang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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24
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He W, Yang Y, Cai L, Lei Q, Wang Z, Che X. MicroRNA expression profiles in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid in orthodontics: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:656. [PMID: 34922523 PMCID: PMC8684662 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study systematically evaluated microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF) in orthodontic patients. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to obtain miRNA profiles in PMICF or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from 3 healthy volunteers (H), 3 peri-implantitis patients (PMSII) and 5 periodontitis patients (P). MiRNA expression patterns were compared between normal and orthodontic PMICF and GCF. Differentially expressed miRNAs were estimated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Enrichment analyses of the gene targets controlled by these miRNAs were conducted by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Results Compared with healthy donors, in PMSII patients, a total of 206 upregulated miRNAs and 152 downregulated miRNAs were detected in PMICF, while periodontitis patients had 333 upregulated miRNAs and 318 downregulated miRNAs. MiR-544a, miR-1245b-3p, miR-1825, miR-4291, miR-3689e, and miR-4477a were chosen randomly for further examination. qRT-PCR examination confirmed that the expression levels of miR-1245b-3p and miR-4291 were higher in PMSII than in H samples and that the expression levels of miR-1825 were higher in PMSII than in P samples. However, contrary to the NGS results, qRT-PCR analysis showed decreased expression of miR544a in PMSII. MiR3689e and miR4477a expression did not differ significantly among all samples. According to GO and KEGG pathway analyses of miR-1825, miR-4291, and miR-1245b-3p high enrichment of target genes involved in the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway was observed. Conclusions The NGS analysis of normal and orthodontic PMICF/CGF showed different miRNA profiles, which may lay the foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of PMSII. miR-4291, miR-1245b-3p and miR-1825 may be used as diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for PMSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan He
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100006, China.,Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Yanru Yang
- Chi-Biotech Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518023, China
| | - Longgan Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Qiaoling Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Zhongdong Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Xiaoxia Che
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100006, China. .,Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China. .,Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Temple of Heaven Xili 4, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100000, China.
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25
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Chen W. SNHG7 promotes the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation ability of human dental pulp stem cells by interacting with hsa-miR-6512-3p in an inflammatory microenvironment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 581:46-52. [PMID: 34653678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Excessive inflammation leads to periodontitis, which inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), irreversibly injured and difficultly repaired for the important dental pulp. Hence, it is necessary to study the functional gene to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. Previous found that SNHG7 expression was increased in the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. However, the regulatory functions of SNHG7 on osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment still remains unknown. In this study, hDPSCs treatment with 50 ng/mL TNF-α to mimic the inflammatory microenvironment, then cultured in osteoblast differentiation medium for 14 days. SNHG7, miR-6512-3p, BSP, DSPP, DMP-1, RUNX2 and OPN in hDPSCs were detect by RT-qPCR. We found that SNHG7 expression was reduced during the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs after different concentrations TNF-α treatment. SNHG7 overexpression improved the TNF-α-induced suppression of calcium deposition, ALP activity, and the expression of BSP, DSPP, DMP-1, RUNX2 and OPN. Furthermore, SNHG7 can sponge with miR-6512-3p. miR-6512-3p expression was increased during the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs after different concentrations TNF-α treatment while inhibited after SNHG7 overexpression. knockdown of miR-6512-3p improved the TNF-α-induced suppression of calcium deposition, ALP activity, and the expression of BSP, DSPP, DMP-1, RUNX2 and OPN. Finally, miR-6512-3p overexpression reversed the effect of SNHG7 on the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of TNF-α-treated hDPSCs. In conclusions, SNHG7 improves the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by inhibiting miR-6512-3p expression under 50 ng/mL TNF-α-induced inflammatory environment, which provided potential targets for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410000, China.
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26
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Li Y, Liu A, Zhang L, Wang Z, Hui N, Zhai Q, Zhang L, Jin Z, Jin F. Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez Provide a Favorable Microenvironment for Ameliorating the Impaired Osteogenic Potential of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735234. [PMID: 34707510 PMCID: PMC8542701 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stromal/stem cells (PDLSCs) are ideal candidates for periodontal regeneration and are of significant importance in clinical practice. However, PDLSCs derived from diseased microenvironments exert impaired behavior, which leads to the failure of periodontal regeneration. The epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM), which are involved in periodontal homeostasis, are residual cells from Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS). However, the function of ERM remains largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ERM on the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs from an impaired microenvironment. PDLSCs from healthy donors (H-PDLSCs), periodontitis donors (P-PDLSCs) and human ERM were harvested. Osteogenic evaluation showed a lower osteogenic potential of P-PDLSCs compared to that of H-PDLSCs. Then, we co-cultured ERM with P-PDLSCs, and the data showed that ERM promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in P-PDLSCs. In addition, we collected the PDLSCs from aged donors (A-PDLSCs) and analyzed the osteogenesis capacity of the A-PDLSCs and A-PDLSCs + ERM groups, which displayed similar results to P-PDLSCs. Finally, we evaluated the Wnt pathway, which is associated with osteogenic differentiation of stromal/stem cells, in A-PDLSCs + ERM and P-PDLSCs + ERM groups, which indicated that suppression of the Wnt pathway may result in an increase in the osteogenic properties of A-PDLSCs + ERM and P-PDLSCs + ERM groups. Taken together, the above findings shed new light on the function of ERM and provide a novel therapeutic for optimizing PDLSCs-based periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Stomatology, The 985 Hospital of PLA, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nana Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lishu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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27
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Wang Z, Wang D, Guo S, Zhuo Q, Jiang D, Yu Z. Long noncoding RNA distal-less homeobox 2 antisense 1 restrains inflammatory response and apoptosis of periodontal ligament cells by binding with microRNA-330-3p to regulate Ro60, Y RNA binding protein. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105298. [PMID: 34752991 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the role of long noncoding RNA distal-less homeobox 2 antisense 1 (DLX2-AS1) in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). DESIGN Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce inflammation response of PDLCs. The expression of DLX2-AS1, microRNA-330-3p and Ro60, Y RNA binding protein (RO60) in lipopolysaccharide-treated PDLCs was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in PDLCs after DLX2-AS1 overexpression or RO60 downregulation. The apoptosis of PDLCs after lipopolysaccharide treatment or indicated transfection was analyzed by flow cytometry analysis. The level of apoptosis-related proteins, Bax and Bcl-2, were examined by western blotting. The binding capacity between microRNA-330-3p and DLX2-AS1 (or RO60) was verified by luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS DLX2-AS1 was downregulated in PDLCs after lipopolysaccharide treatment. DLX2-AS1 overexpression decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines and inhibited cell apoptosis. microRNA-330-3p bound with DLX2-AS1 and displayed high expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced PDLCs. In addition, the downregulation of RO60, a target gene of microRNA-330-3p, reversed the suppressive influence of DLX2-AS1 overexpression on the inflammatory response and apoptosis of PDLCs. CONCLUSIONS DLX2-AS1 restrains inflammatory response and apoptosis of PDLCs via the microRNA-330-3p/RO60 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dazhao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qibao Zhuo
- Department of Stomatology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongting Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhifen Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Fei D, Xia Y, Zhai Q, Wang Y, Zhou F, Zhao W, He X, Wang Q, Jin Y, Li B. Exosomes Regulate Interclonal Communication on Osteogenic Differentiation Among Heterogeneous Osteogenic Single-Cell Clones Through PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:687258. [PMID: 34604210 PMCID: PMC8484762 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.687258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are intrinsically heterogeneous and are comprised of distinct subpopulations that differ in their differentiation potential. A deeper understanding of the heterogeneity and intercellular communication within these heterogeneous subpopulations has significant implications for the potential of MSC-based therapy from the bench to the clinic. Here, we focused on the clonal osteogenic heterogeneity of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and explored how interclonal communication affects the osteogenic differentiation among these heterogeneous single-cell colonies (SCCs), and sought to determine the underlying mechanisms. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red staining identified the presence of SCCs with high (H-SCCs) and low osteogenic ability (L-SCCs). Conditioned medium derived from H-SCCs (H-CM) promoted mineralized nodule formation to a greater extent than that derived from L-SCCs (L-CM), which served as the target cells (TCs). However, treatment with the exosome biogenesis/release inhibitor GW4869 reduced the H-CM- and L-CM-related osteogenic differentiation-promoting potential. We further found that exosomes secreted by H-SCCs (H-Exo) were superior to those secreted by L-SCCs (L-Exo) in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of TCs. Mechanistically, TCs stimulated with H-CM and H-Exo exhibited higher levels of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, while gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy was positively associated with SCC osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, PINK1 knock-down in H-Exo- and L-Exo-stimulated TCs inhibited their osteogenic differentiation through inhibiting PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Our study uncovers a previously unrecognized mechanism that an exosome-mediated PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy regulates interclonal communication among SCCs with osteogenic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanmin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yazheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Gao K, Dou Y, Lv M, Zhu Y, Hu S, Ma P. Research hotspots and trends of microRNA in periodontology and dental implantology: a bibliometric analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1122. [PMID: 34430563 PMCID: PMC8350631 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is a leading cause of tooth loss, and microRNA (miRNA) has been shown to regulate various biological processes. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the literature related to miRNA in periodontology and dental implantology and summarize the research hotspots and trends in this field. Methods Literature records from 1985 to 2020 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. After manual selection, the data was used for cooperative network analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and reference co-citation analysis and visualized by CiteSpace. Results A total of 287 papers were analyzed between 2007 and 2020, and more than 95% of them were published in the past decade. The largest number of publications were from China, followed by the USA and Japan. The direct cooperation among the productive institutions was not close. At present, most of the research belongs to the discipline of dentistry, oral surgery, cell biology, and molecular biology. Literature clusters generated by reference co-citation analysis and keyword co-occurrence network showed that previous studies mainly focused on four hotspots: periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), the pathological process of periodontitis, osteogenic differentiation/bone regeneration, and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Conclusions The therapeutic potential of miRNA in promoting bone formation and how the ceRNA network contributes to miRNA regulation at a deeper level have become the two main research trends of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Gao
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Dou
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Menghao Lv
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sitong Hu
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Ma
- Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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30
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Luan X, Zhou X, Fallah P, Pandya M, Lyu H, Foyle D, Burch D, Diekwisch TGH. MicroRNAs: Harbingers and shapers of periodontal inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:85-98. [PMID: 34120836 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory reaction of the periodontal tissues to oral pathogens. In the present review we discuss the intricate effects of a regulatory network of gene expression modulators, microRNAs (miRNAs), as they affect periodontal morphology, function and gene expression during periodontal disease. These miRNAs are small RNAs involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation and affect all stages of periodontal disease, from the earliest signs of gingivitis to the regulation of periodontal homeostasis and immunity and to the involvement in periodontal tissue destruction. MiRNAs coordinate periodontal disease progression not only directly but also through long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have been demonstrated to act as endogenous sponges or decoys that regulate the expression and function of miRNAs, and which in turn suppress the targeting of mRNAs involved in the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. While the integrity of miRNA function is essential for periodontal health and immunity, miRNA sequence variations (genetic polymorphisms) contribute toward an enhanced risk for periodontal disease progression and severity. Several polymorphisms in miRNA genes have been linked to an increased risk of periodontitis, and among those, miR-146a, miR-196, and miR-499 polymorphisms have been identified as risk factors for periodontal disease. The role of miRNAs in periodontal disease progression is not limited to the host tissues but also extends to the viruses that reside in periodontal lesions, such as herpesviruses (human herpesvirus, HHV). In advanced periodontal lesions, HHV infections result in the release of cytokines from periodontal tissues and impair antibacterial immune mechanisms that promote bacterial overgrowth. In turn, controlling the exacerbation of periodontal disease by minimizing the effect of periodontal HHV in periodontal lesions may provide novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. In summary, this review highlights multiple levels of miRNA-mediated control of periodontal disease progression, (i) through their role in periodontal inflammation and the dysregulation of homeostasis, (ii) as a regulatory target of lncRNAs, (iii) by contributing toward periodontal disease susceptibility through miRNA polymorphism, and (iv) as periodontal microflora modulators via viral miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Luan
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Pooria Fallah
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Mirali Pandya
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Huling Lyu
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA; Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510140, China
| | - Deborah Foyle
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Dan Burch
- Department of Pedodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G H Diekwisch
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA.
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Zhang L, Cheng L, Cui Y, Wu Z, Cai L, Yang L, Duan M, Zhang D, Zhou C, Xie J. The virulence factor GroEL directs the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through the involvement of JNK/MAPK and NF-κB signaling. J Periodontol 2021; 92:103-115. [PMID: 33913537 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GroEL, a bacterial metabolite, is an important stimulator of inflammation. The aim of this study is to confirm the effect of the virulence factor GroEL on differentiation potential of periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (PDLSCs) and the potential mechanisms. METHODS PDLSCs were obtained from extracted human premolars. GroEL was administered to osteogenic- and adipogenic-induced hPDLSCs. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red staining and Oil Red staining were performed. Gene and protein expression were separately measured by qPCR and Western blotting. The expression and localization of activated signaling factors were confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The inhibitors of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88, an adaptor protein of TLRs), JNK/MAPK and NF-κB signaling were used to verify their specific effects. RESULTS First, we found that GroEL inhibited the osteogenic differentiation and enhanced the adipogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Next, we found that GroEL increased the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 and GroEL activated JNK/MAPK and NF-κB signaling, which can be blocked by inhibition of MyD88. Finally, we found that inhibition of MyD88 restored GroEL-induced osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and blocking JNK/MAPK or NF-κB signaling partly restored GroEL effects. CONCLUSION In the current study, we revealed a potential interaction between bacteria and host cells by showing that GroEL directs the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by the involvement of JNK/MAPK and NF-κB signaling. This study provides evidence that bacterial products can influence the differentiation of stem cells and reveals potential effect of GroEL on the context of tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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32
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Cai J, Qi H, Yao K, Yao Y, Jing D, Liao W, Zhao Z. Non-Coding RNAs Steering the Senescence-Related Progress, Properties, and Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650431. [PMID: 33816501 PMCID: PMC8017203 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The thirst to postpone and even reverse aging progress has never been quenched after all these decades. Unequivocally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with extraordinary abilities such as self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation, deserve the limelight in this topic. Though having several affable clinical traits, MSCs going through senescence would, on one hand, contribute to age-related diseases and, on the other hand, lead to compromised or even counterproductive therapeutical outcomes. Notably, increasing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could invigorate various regulatory processes. With even a slight dip or an uptick of expression, ncRNAs would make a dent in or even overturn cellular fate. Thereby, a systematic illustration of ncRNAs identified so far to steer MSCs during senescence is axiomatically an urgent need. In this review, we introduce the general properties and mechanisms of senescence and its relationship with MSCs and illustrate the ncRNAs playing a role in the cellular senescence of MSCs. It is then followed by the elucidation of ncRNAs embodied in extracellular vesicles connecting senescent MSCs with other cells and diversified processes in and beyond the skeletal system. Last, we provide a glimpse into the clinical methodologies of ncRNA-based therapies in MSC-related fields. Hopefully, the intricate relationship between senescence and MSCs will be revealed one day and our work could be a crucial stepping-stone toward that future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hexu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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33
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Gholami L, Hendi SS, Saidijam M, Mahmoudi R, Tarzemany R, Arkian A, Afshar S, Fekrazad R. Near-infrared 940-nm diode laser photobiomodulation of inflamed periodontal ligament stem cells. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:449-459. [PMID: 33740139 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an acceptable method of stimulating stem cells through its non-invasive absorption by the cell photoreceptors and the induction of cellular response. The current research was aimed at evaluating the effect of near-infrared PBM on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in inflamed periodontal ligament stem cells (I-PDLSCs). I-PDLSCs were isolated and characterized. Third passage cells were irradiated with 940-nm laser at an output power of 100 mW in a continuous wave. A fluence of 4 J/cm2 in three sessions at 48-h intervals was applied and compared with non-irradiated controls. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by MTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity, quantitative Alizarin red staining test, and q-RT-PCR were used to evaluate the osteogenic properties of the I-PDLSCs in four groups of (a) osteogenic differentiation medium + laser (ODM + L), (b) osteogenic differentiation medium without laser (ODM), (c) non-osteogenic differentiation medium + laser (L), and (d) non-osteogenic differentiation medium (control). There was a non-significant increase in the viability of cells at 48- and 72-h post last laser irradiation. Alizarin red staining revealed no significant stimulatory effect of PBM at 14 and 21 days. However, alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in the L + ODM group. Expression of osteogenic-related genes had a statistically significant increase at 21-day post irradiation. The irradiation used in the present study showed no significant increase in the proliferation of I-PDLSCs by PBM. However, expression levels of osteogenic-related genes and alkaline phosphatase activity were significantly increased in irradiated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sareh Hendi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aliasghar Arkian
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photomedicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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34
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Ahmad P, Stoddart MJ, Della Bella E. The Role of Noncoding RNAs in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. CRANIOMAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA & RECONSTRUCTION OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2472751221999229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis, are the most common causes of bone tissue destruction. Periodontitis often leads to loss of connective tissue homeostasis and reduced alveolar bone levels. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a population of multipotent stem cells derived from periodontal ligament tissues, are considered as candidate cells for the regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal tissues. Periodontitis impairs the osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA), have been proposed as vital regulators influencing several differentiation processes including bone regeneration. Still, the molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs regulating osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs remain poorly understood. Exploring the influence of ncRNAs in the process of osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs may provide novel therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration as the regeneration of the lost periodontium is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Martin J. Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by 4-Phenyl Butyric Acid Presents Therapeutic Effects on Periodontitis: Experimental Studies In Vitro and in Rats. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6618943. [PMID: 33763140 PMCID: PMC7946453 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the probable mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress involved in periodontitis in vitro and in vivo. We isolated periodontal ligament stem cells from periodontitis patients and healthy controls (P-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs). To further simulate the periodontal microenvironment in patients, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to treat H-PDLSCs. The results showed that periodontitis-related inflammation gave rise to the upregulated expression levels of ER stress representative genes including GRP78, PERK, ATF4, and CHOP. In contrast, the treatment of 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) remarkably suppressed ER stress and supported cell viability. The increased secretion of proinflammatory factors like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the activation of NF-κB pathway were also attenuated by 4-PBA treatment. Moreover, 4-PBA treatment restored the impaired osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs, as demonstrated by the upregulated expression levels of Runx2 and OCN as well as the enhanced Alizarin red staining. Local administration of 4-PBA could rescue alveolar bone resorption of LPS-induced periodontitis rats. Thus, our findings suggested ER stress might act as a promising therapeutic target against periodontitis.
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36
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Jin SH, Zhou JG, Guan XY, Bai GH, Liu JG, Chen LW. Development of an miRNA-Array-Based Diagnostic Signature for Periodontitis. Front Genet 2020; 11:577585. [PMID: 33391341 PMCID: PMC7772397 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.577585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis progression is accompanied by irreversible alveolar bone absorption and leads to tooth loss. Early diagnosis is important for tooth stability and periodontal tissue preservation. However, there is no recognized miRNA diagnostic signature with convincing sensitivity and specificity for periodontitis. In this study, we obtained miRNA array expression profiles of periodontitis from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After screening for differentially expressed miRNAs, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was performed to identify and construct a 17-miRNA-based diagnostic signature (hsa-miR-3917, hsa-mir-4271, hsa-miR-3156, hsa-miR-3141, hsa-miR-1246, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-671-5p, hcmv-mir-UL70, hsa-miR-650, hsa-miR-497-3p, hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-203a-5p, hsa-miR-99a-3p, and hsa-miR-30a-3p). Periodontal tissue samples with higher risk scores were more likely to show symptoms of periodontitis. Then, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of the miRNA signature, which indicated that the optimum cutoff value in periodontitis diagnosis was 0.5056 with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.996, a sensitivity of 97.3%, a specificity of 100.0% in the training cohort; in the testing cohort, the corresponding values were as follows: an AUC of 0.998, a sensitivity of 97.9%, and a specificity of 91.7%. We next evaluated the efficacy of the signature in differentiating disease subtype and affected range. Furthermore, we conducted functional enrichment analysis of the 17 miRNA-targeted mRNAs, including the regulation of mTOR activity and cell autophagy, Th1/Th2 cell balance and immunoregulation, cell apoptosis, and so on. In summary, our study identified and validated a 17-miRNA diagnostic signature with convincing AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Han Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guo-Hui Bai
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, China
| | - Liang-Wen Chen
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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37
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Xia Q, Li Y, Han D, Dong L. SMURF1, a promoter of tumor cell progression? Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 28:551-565. [PMID: 33204002 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF1 is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with various cancers, such as glioblastoma, colon cancer, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. SMURF1 acts as a tumor promoter by ubiquitination modification and/or degradation of tumor-suppressing proteins. Combined treatment of Smurf1 knockdown with rapamycin showed collaborative antitumor effects in mice. This review described the role of HECT, WW, and C2 domains in regulating SMURF1 substrate selection. We summarized up to date SMURF1 substrates regulating different type cell signaling, thus, accelerating tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the downregulation of SMURF1 expression, inhibition of its E3 activity and regulation of its specificity to substrates prevent tumor progression. The potential application of SMURF1 regulators, specifically, wisely choose certain drugs by blocking SMURF1 selectivity in tumor suppressors, to develop novel anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Da Han
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
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38
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Francis M, Gopinathan G, Foyle D, Fallah P, Gonzalez M, Luan X, Diekwisch T. Histone Methylation: Achilles Heel and Powerful Mediator of Periodontal Homeostasis. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1332-1340. [PMID: 32762486 PMCID: PMC7580172 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520932491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The packaging of DNA around nucleosomes exerts dynamic control over eukaryotic gene expression either by granting access to the transcriptional machinery in an open chromatin state or by silencing transcription via chromatin compaction. Histone methylation modification affects chromatin through the addition of methyl groups to lysine or arginine residues of histones H3 and H4 by means of histone methyl transferases or histone demethylases. Changes in histone methylation state modulate periodontal gene expression and have profound effects on periodontal development, health, and therapy. At the onset of periodontal development, progenitor cell populations such as dental follicle cells are characterized by an open H3K4me3 chromatin mark on RUNX2, MSX2, and DLX5 gene promoters. During further development, periodontal progenitor differentiation undergoes a global switch from the H3K4me3 active methyl mark to the H3K27me3 repressive mark. When compared with dental pulp cells, periodontal neural crest lineage differentiation is characterized by repressive H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 marks on typical dentinogenesis-related genes. Inflammatory conditions as they occur during periodontal disease result in unique histone methylation signatures in affected cell populations, including repressive H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 histone marks on extracellular matrix gene promoters and active H3K4me3 marks on interleukin, defensin, and chemokine gene promoters, facilitating a rapid inflammatory response to microbial pathogens. The inflammation-induced repression of chromatin on extracellular matrix gene promoters presents a therapeutic opportunity for the application of histone methylation inhibitors capable of inhibiting suppressive trimethylation marks. Furthermore, inhibition of chromatin coregulators through interference with key inflammatory mediators such as NF-kB by means of methyltransferase inhibitors provides another avenue to halt the exacerbation of the inflammatory response in periodontal tissues. In conclusion, histone methylation dynamics play an intricate role in the fine-tuning of chromatin states during periodontal development and harbor yet-to-be-realized potential for the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Francis
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - G. Gopinathan
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D. Foyle
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - P. Fallah
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M. Gonzalez
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - X. Luan
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - T.G.H. Diekwisch
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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Chen S, Li Y, Zhi S, Ding Z, Huang Y, Wang W, Zheng R, Yu H, Wang J, Hu M, Miao J, Li J. lncRNA Xist Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation by Sponging miR-19a-3p in Aging-induced Osteoporosis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1058-1068. [PMID: 33014522 PMCID: PMC7505278 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The switch between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays a key role in aging-induced osteoporosis. In this study, miR-19a-3p was obviously downregulated in BMSCs from aged humans and mice. Overexpressed miR-19a-3p evidently reduced aging-induced bone loss in mice and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, while silenced miR-19a-3p manifestly increased aging-induced bone loss in mice and repressed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Hoxa5 was significantly downregulated in the BMSCs from aged mice and contribute to miR-19a-3p-induced osteoblast differentiation as a direct target gene of miR-19a-3p. Furthermore, lncRNA Xist was found as a sponge of miR-19a-3p to repress BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our study reveals the critical role of the lncRNA Xist/miR-19a-3p/Hoxa5 pathway in aging-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, indicating the potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Chen
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuezhan Li
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Zhi
- 4Four Gynecological Wards, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyu Ding
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Huang
- 5The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruping Zheng
- 6School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- 6School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghua Hu
- 3Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinglei Miao
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Bao L, Zhang X, Xu Y, Wang M, Song Y, Gu Y, Zheng Y, Xiao J, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Qian J, Liang Y, Ji L, Feng X. Dysfunction of MiR-148a-NRP1 Functional Axis Suppresses Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Under Inflammatory Microenvironment. Cell Reprogram 2020; 21:314-322. [PMID: 31809209 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to the loss of periodontal bone tissue. The osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) is significantly decreased in periodontitis microenvironment. However, the mechanism is still unclear. We used Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a stimulator of PDLSCs to mimic the periodontal inflammatory environment. The mineralization capability was restrained in LPS-stimulated PDLSCs, and the level of miR-148a increased, while the level of Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) decreased. Downregulation of miR-148a could reverse the osteogenesis deficiency of PDLSCs under LPS treatment. In addition, the expression of miR-148a in PDLSCs was negatively correlated with the expression of NRP1. Furthermore, overexpression of NRP1 upregulated the osteogenesis ability of LPS-stimulated PDLSCs, while inhibition of NRP1 eliminated the stimulative effect of miR-148a inhibitor on osteogenic differentiation. These data illustrated that the inflammatory environment mimicked by LPS inhibits osteogenesis by upregulation of miR-148a and subsequent downregulation of NRP1. We also found, compared to healthy periodontal tissues, miR-148a level increased, while NRP1 level decreased in periodontitis tissues. These two phenomena also exist in PDLSCs that come from the upper two types of tissues. To summarize, the decline of osteogenic potential of PDLSCs under inflammatory condition of periodontitis is related to miR-148a/NRP1 functional axis. This study may provide a novel strategy in the molecular aspect for the therapy of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Bao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Haian People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yihua Song
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang, Affliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingwen Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Hai Men People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Qian
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lujun Ji
- Department of Stomatology, Nantong Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Expression of MicroRNAs in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114147. [PMID: 32532036 PMCID: PMC7312949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this review was to evaluate the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human and animal studies were included when evaluating expression of miRNAs between health and different forms/stages of diseases, in which microarray and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to detect fold changes in gene expression. After full-text analysis, 43 articles were considered for a qualitative assessment, and 16 miRNAs were selected to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS Based on human studies, results showed an overall upregulation of most of the evaluated miRNAs in periodontitis, with miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a being the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values and potentially serving as diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity. Conversely, miR-155 was the only miRNA revealing a statistically significant difference (SSD) (p < 0.05*) in experimental periodontitis models from RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases, however, most explored miRNAs in peri-implantitis were downregulated except for miR-145. CONCLUSIONS Although our results revealed that a distinct differential expression of specific miRNAs can be noted between the state of health and disease, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. MeSH Terms: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, epigenomics, microarray analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, microRNAs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Scientific background: Although most research identified different expression levels of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases compared to their counterparts, their actual role in the pathogenesis of these conditions remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In periodontitis-related studies, miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a were the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Both miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a might serve as future diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity in periodontitis. Yet, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
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Wen JH, Wu YM, Chen LL. [Functions of non-coding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:330-337. [PMID: 32573144 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament-derived cells serve as an important source of seeding cells in periodontal regenerative medicine, and their osteogenic potential is closely related to alveolar bone repair and periodontal regeneration. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), such as microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA, play important roles in the regu-lation of osteogenic genes in human periodontal ligament-derived cells. In this review, we summarize the target genes, path-ways, and functions of the ncRNA network during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Wen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yan-Min Wu
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Khan SZ, Karim S, Mirza S. Effect of photodynamic therapy on the morphological changes of periapical inflammation: An experimental study in rats. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101839. [PMID: 32485402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to explore the morphological changes with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in experimentally produced periapical lesions in rats, and to investigate if PDT used as an adjunct to conventional root canal debridement helps to enhance healing the inflammatory response around root apex of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty adult Sprague-Dawley male rats (70-90 days/140-160 g) were experimented. Pulp was removed from the mesial root of the first maxillary molar and left open to oral environment to allow the formation of periapical lesion. The rats were numbered and randomly divided into two groups: (i) PDT group (n = 30) received a single session of PDT with conventional debridement and, (ii) Control group (n = 30) received conventional debridement but with no PDT. PDT application involved the use of methylene blue photosensitizer for 5 min inside the root canals and irradiated with diode laser of 805 nm and 20 W power output for 90 s and sealed. After 4 weeks, the experimental rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The maxillary first molar was then collected along with the surrounding tissue for further processing. Hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the morphological effects. Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), STRO-1 and CD-44 were used as the primary antibodies for the immunohistochemical study. RESULTS A reduction in inflammatory cells, which were mainly composed of lymphocytes, was observed in the periapical lesions after PDT. The number of PCNA-positive cells increased to approximately twice in the PDT as compared to the control group. These PCNA-positive cells included STRO-1 and CD-44 positive cells, indicating enhancement of wound healing and reduction in inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION The findings of the present experimental study indicate that PDT application induced proliferation of PCNA-positive cells, which included STRO-1 and CD44-positive cells. This suggests that PDT may help to enhance healing periapical lesion, indicating the potential of PDT in the treatment of periapical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Zeb Khan
- Oral Health Science Center, Graduate School of Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2, Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-8502, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Samina Karim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sana Mirza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ziauddin College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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44
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Qiu W, Wu BL, Fang FC. Overview of noncoding RNAs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:251-265. [PMID: 32399134 PMCID: PMC7202925 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases that are characterized by progressive damage to dental support tissue. The major goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate the periodontium destroyed by periodontal diseases. Human periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue possesses periodontal regenerative properties, and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with the capacity for osteogenic differentiation show strong potential in clinical application for periodontium repair and regeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include a substantial portion of poly-A tail mature RNAs, are considered “transcriptional noise.” Recent studies show that ncRNAs play a major role in PDLSC differentiation; therefore, exploring how ncRNAs participate in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs may help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and further shed light on the potential of stem cell transplantation for periodontium regeneration. In this review paper, we discuss the history of PDLSC research and highlight the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bu-Ling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fu-Chun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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45
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Li M, Jin Y, Hu CH. Epigenetic Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:97-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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46
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Lipopolysaccharide inhibits osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells partially through toll-like receptor 4-mediated ephrinB2 downregulation. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3407-3416. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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47
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Zhang Z, Shuai Y, Zhou F, Yin J, Hu J, Guo S, Wang Y, Liu W. PDLSCs Regulate Angiogenesis of Periodontal Ligaments via VEGF Transferred by Exosomes in Periodontitis. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:558-567. [PMID: 32210705 PMCID: PMC7085218 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.40918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis is one of the significant features in periodontitis leading to progressive inflammation, but angiogenic changes of periodontal ligaments under inflammatory condition were rarely reported. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were a kind of dental stem cells associated with vascularization. Here we investigated the alteration of angiogenesis of periodontal ligament in periodontitis, and revealed an exosome-mediated pathway to support the effect of PDLSCs on angiogenic improvement. Vascular specific marker CD31 and VEGFA were found to be highly expressed in periodontal ligaments of periodontitis. The VEGFA expression was up-regulated in inflamed PDLSCs compared to control, meanwhile the tube formation of HUVECs was improved when co-cultured with inflamed PDLSCs. Exosomes secretion of PDSLCs was augmented by inflammation, and promoted angiogenesis of HUVECs, whereas blocking secretion of exosomes led to degenerated angiogenesis of HUVECs. Exosome-trasferred VEGFA was proven to be the crucial communicator between PDLSCs and HUVECs. Inflammation inhibited miR-17-5p expression of PDLSCs and relieved its target VEGFA. However, overexpression of miR-17-5p blocked the pro-angiogenic ability of inflamed PDLSCs. In conclusion, the findings indicated that vascularization of periodontal ligaments was enhanced, and inflammatory micro-environment of periodontitis facilitated pro-angiogenesis of PDLSCs through regulating exosome-mediated transfer of VEGFA, which was targeted by miR-17-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tang Du Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jikai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Tang Du Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tang Du Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
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Fu L, Cui CP, Zhang X, Zhang L. The functions and regulation of Smurfs in cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 67:102-116. [PMID: 31899247 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1) and Smurf2 are HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases, and both Smurfs were initially identified to regulate Smad protein stability in the TGF-β/BMP signaling pathway. In recent years, Smurfs have exhibited E3 ligase-dependent and -independent activities in various kinds of cells. Smurfs act as either potent tumor promoters or tumor suppressors in different tumors by regulating biological processes, including metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle, senescence and genomic stability. The regulation of Smurfs activity and expression has therefore emerged as a hot spot in tumor biology research. Further, the Smurf1- or Smurf2-deficient mice provide more in vivo clues for the functional study of Smurfs in tumorigenesis and development. In this review, we summarize these milestone findings and, in turn, reveal new avenues for the prevention and treatment of cancer by regulating Smurfs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chun-Ping Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital Graduate Training Base, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100850, China; Peixian People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province 221600, China.
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49
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Asa'ad F, Monje A, Larsson L. Role of epigenetics in alveolar bone resorption and regeneration around periodontal and peri‐implant tissues. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:477-493. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Asa'ad
- Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology ZMK School of Dentistry Bern Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Barcelona Spain
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology Institute of Odontology University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
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50
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Nasr MA, Salah RA, Abd Elkodous M, Elshenawy SE, El-Badri N. Dysregulated MicroRNA Fingerprints and Methylation Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:229. [PMID: 31681762 PMCID: PMC6811506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the top causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although HCC has been researched extensively, there is still a need for novel and effective therapeutic interventions. There is substantial evidence that initiation of carcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of HCC, is mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs were also shown to be responsible for relapse and chemoresistance in several cancers, including HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute important epigenetic markers that regulate carcinogenesis by acting post-transcriptionally on mRNAs, contributing to the progression of HCC. We have previously shown that co-culture of cancer cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could induce the reprogramming of MSCs into CSC-like cells. In this review, we evaluate the available data concerning the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs through methylation and the possible role of this regulation in stem cell and somatic reprogramming in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa E Elshenawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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