1
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Stoian A, Adil A, Biniazan F, Haykal S. Two Decades of Advances and Limitations in Organ Recellularization. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:9179-9214. [PMID: 39194760 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The recellularization of tissues after decellularization is a relatively new technology in the field of tissue engineering (TE). Decellularization involves removing cells from a tissue or organ, leaving only the extracellular matrix (ECM). This can then be recellularized with new cells to create functional tissues or organs. The first significant mention of recellularization in decellularized tissues can be traced to research conducted in the early 2000s. One of the landmark studies in this field was published in 2008 by Ott, where researchers demonstrated the recellularization of a decellularized rat heart with cardiac cells, resulting in a functional organ capable of contraction. Since then, other important studies have been published. These studies paved the way for the widespread application of recellularization in TE, demonstrating the potential of decellularized ECM to serve as a scaffold for regenerating functional tissues. Thus, although the concept of recellularization was initially explored in previous decades, these studies from the 2000s marked a major turning point in the development and practical application of the technology for the recellularization of decellularized tissues. The article reviews the historical advances and limitations in organ recellularization in TE over the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Stoian
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Aisha Adil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Felor Biniazan
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Siba Haykal
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Reconstructive Oncology, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Yale, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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2
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Balczon R, Lin MT, Voth S, Nelson AR, Schupp JC, Wagener BM, Pittet JF, Stevens T. Lung endothelium, tau, and amyloids in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:533-587. [PMID: 37561137 PMCID: PMC11281824 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelia in the arteries, capillaries, and veins are heterogeneous in structure and function. Lung capillaries in particular represent a unique vascular niche, with a thin yet highly restrictive alveolar-capillary barrier that optimizes gas exchange. Capillary endothelium surveys the blood while simultaneously interpreting cues initiated within the alveolus and communicated via immediately adjacent type I and type II epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. This cell-cell communication is necessary to coordinate the immune response to lower respiratory tract infection. Recent discoveries identify an important role for the microtubule-associated protein tau that is expressed in lung capillary endothelia in the host-pathogen interaction. This endothelial tau stabilizes microtubules necessary for barrier integrity, yet infection drives production of cytotoxic tau variants that are released into the airways and circulation, where they contribute to end-organ dysfunction. Similarly, beta-amyloid is produced during infection. Beta-amyloid has antimicrobial activity, but during infection it can acquire cytotoxic activity that is deleterious to the host. The production and function of these cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are the subject of this review. Lung-derived cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are a recently discovered mechanism of end-organ dysfunction, including neurocognitive dysfunction, during and in the aftermath of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Balczon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Mike T Lin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Sarah Voth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, Louisiana, United States
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
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3
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Gupta S, Sharma A, Petrovski G, Verma RS. Vascular reconstruction of the decellularized biomatrix for whole-organ engineering-a critical perspective and future strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1221159. [PMID: 38026872 PMCID: PMC10680456 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1221159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-organ re-engineering is the most challenging goal yet to be achieved in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. One essential factor in any transplantable and functional tissue engineering is fabricating a perfusable vascular network with macro- and micro-sized blood vessels. Whole-organ development has become more practical with the use of the decellularized organ biomatrix (DOB) as it provides a native biochemical and structural framework for a particular organ. However, reconstructing vasculature and re-endothelialization in the DOB is a highly challenging task and has not been achieved for constructing a clinically transplantable vascularized organ with an efficient perfusable capability. Here, we critically and articulately emphasized factors that have been studied for the vascular reconstruction in the DOB. Furthermore, we highlighted the factors used for vasculature development studies in general and their application in whole-organ vascular reconstruction. We also analyzed in detail the strategies explored so far for vascular reconstruction and angiogenesis in the DOB for functional and perfusable vasculature development. Finally, we discussed some of the crucial factors that have been largely ignored in the vascular reconstruction of the DOB and the future directions that should be addressed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Gupta
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology, Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences. Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Akriti Sharma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology, Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences. Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre, Split, Croatia
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology, Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences. Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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4
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Derman ID, Singh YP, Saini S, Nagamine M, Banerjee D, Ozbolat IT. Bioengineering and Clinical Translation of Human Lung and its Components. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200267. [PMID: 36658734 PMCID: PMC10121779 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Clinical lung transplantation has rapidly established itself as the gold standard of treatment for end-stage lung diseases in a restricted group of patients since the first successful lung transplant occurred. Although significant progress has been made in lung transplantation, there are still numerous obstacles on the path to clinical success. The development of bioartificial lung grafts using patient-derived cells may serve as an alternative treatment modality; however, challenges include developing appropriate scaffold materials, advanced culture strategies for lung-specific multiple cell populations, and fully matured constructs to ensure increased transplant lifetime following implantation. This review highlights the development of tissue-engineered tracheal and lung equivalents over the past two decades, key problems in lung transplantation in a clinical environment, the advancements made in scaffolds, bioprinting technologies, bioreactors, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip technologies. The review aims to fill the lacuna in existing literature toward a holistic bioartificial lung tissue, including trachea, capillaries, airways, bifurcating bronchioles, lung disease models, and their clinical translation. Herein, the efforts are on bridging the application of lung tissue engineering methods in a clinical environment as it is thought that tissue engineering holds enormous promise for overcoming the challenges associated with the clinical translation of bioengineered human lung and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Deniz Derman
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Shweta Saini
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, India
| | - Momoka Nagamine
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University; University Park, PA,16802, USA
| | - Dishary Banerjee
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Cancer Institute, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Neurosurgery Department, Penn State University; University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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5
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Mazloomnejad R, Babajani A, Kasravi M, Ahmadi A, Shariatzadeh S, Bahrami S, Niknejad H. Angiogenesis and Re-endothelialization in decellularized scaffolds: Recent advances and current challenges in tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1103727. [PMID: 36873356 PMCID: PMC9978201 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularization of tissues and organs has recently become a promising approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to circumvent the challenges of organ donation and complications of transplantations. However, one main obstacle to reaching this goal is acellular vasculature angiogenesis and endothelialization. Achieving an intact and functional vascular structure as a vital pathway for supplying oxygen and nutrients remains the decisive challenge in the decellularization/re-endothelialization procedure. In order to better understand and overcome this issue, complete and appropriate knowledge of endothelialization and its determining variables is required. Decellularization methods and their effectiveness, biological and mechanical characteristics of acellular scaffolds, artificial and biological bioreactors, and their possible applications, extracellular matrix surface modification, and different types of utilized cells are factors affecting endothelialization consequences. This review focuses on the characteristics of endothelialization and how to optimize them, as well as discussing recent developments in the process of re-endothelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radman Mazloomnejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kasravi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Ho WJ, Kobayashi M, Murata K, Hashimoto Y, Izumi K, Kimura T, Kanemitsu H, Yamazaki K, Ikeda T, Minatoya K, Kishida A, Masumoto H. A novel approach for the endothelialization of xenogeneic decellularized vascular tissues by human cells utilizing surface modification and dynamic culture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22294. [PMID: 36566330 PMCID: PMC9789980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized xenogeneic vascular grafts can be used in revascularization surgeries. We have developed decellularization methods using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), which preserves the extracellular structure. Here, we attempted ex vivo endothelialization of HHP-decellularized xenogeneic tissues using human endothelial cells (ECs) to prevent clot formation against human blood. Slices of porcine aortic endothelium were decellularized using HHP and coated with gelatin. Human umbilical vein ECs were directly seeded and cultured under dynamic flow or static conditions for 14 days. Dynamic flow cultures tend to demonstrate higher cell coverage. We then coated the tissues with the E8 fragment of human laminin-411 (hL411), which has high affinity for ECs, and found that Dynamic/hL411showed high area coverage, almost reaching 100% (Dynamic/Gelatin vs Dynamic/hL411; 58.7 ± 11.4 vs 97.5 ± 1.9%, P = 0.0017). Immunostaining revealed sufficient endothelial cell coverage as a single cell layer in Dynamic/hL411. A clot formation assay using human whole blood showed low clot formation in Dynamic/hL411, almost similar to that in the negative control, polytetrafluoroethylene. Surface modification of HHP-decellularized xenogeneic endothelial tissues combined with dynamic culture achieved sufficient ex vivo endothelialization along with prevention of clot formation, indicating their potential for clinical use as vascular grafts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Ho
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Mako Kobayashi
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Material-Based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Present Address: Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kozue Murata
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan ,grid.508743.dClinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan ,grid.411217.00000 0004 0531 2775Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hashimoto
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Material-Based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Material-Based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Kanemitsu
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan ,grid.415392.80000 0004 0378 7849Present Address: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamazaki
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Tadashi Ikeda
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Akio Kishida
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Material-Based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Masumoto
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan ,grid.508743.dClinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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7
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Abstract
Chronic lung disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Given the dearth of definitive therapeutic options, there is an urgent need to augment the pool of donor organs for transplantation. One strategy entails building a lung ex vivo in the laboratory. The past decade of whole lung tissue engineering has laid a foundation of systems and strategies for this approach. Meanwhile, tremendous progress in lung stem cell biology is elucidating cues contributing to alveolar repair, and speaks to the potential of whole lung regeneration in the future. This perspective discusses the key challenges facing the field and highlights opportunities to combine insights from biology with engineering strategies to adopt a more deliberate, and ultimately successful, approach to lung engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Leiby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06511
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8
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Doryab A, Schmid O. Bioactive Cell-Derived ECM Scaffold Forms a Unique Cellular Microenvironment for Lung Tissue Engineering. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081791. [PMID: 35892691 PMCID: PMC9394345 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lung transplantation is currently the only causal therapeutic for lung diseases, which is restricted to end-stage disease and limited by low access to donor lungs. Lung tissue engineering (LTE) is a promising approach to regenerating a replacement for at least a part of the damaged lung tissue. Currently, lung regeneration is limited to a simplified local level (e.g., alveolar−capillary barrier) due to the sophisticated and complex structure and physiology of the lung. Here, we introduce an extracellular matrix (ECM)-integrated scaffold using a cellularization−decellularization−recellularization technique. This ECM-integrated scaffold was developed on our artificial co-polymeric BETA (biphasic elastic thin for air−liquid interface cell culture conditions) scaffold, which were initially populated with human lung fibroblasts (IMR90 cell line), as the main generator of ECM proteins. Due to the interconnected porous structure of the thin (<5 µm) BETA scaffold, the cells can grow on and infiltrate into the scaffold and deposit their own ECM. After a mild decellularization procedure, the ECM proteins remained on the scaffold, which now closely mimicked the cellular microenvironment of pulmonary cells more realistically than the plain artificial scaffolds. We assessed several decellularization methods and found that 20 mM NH4OH and 0.1% Triton X100 with subsequent DNase treatment completely removed the fibroblasts (from the first cellularization) and maintains collagen I and IV as the key ECM proteins on the scaffold. We also showed the repopulation of the primary fibroblast from human (without chronic lung disease (non-CLD) donors) and human bronchial epithelial (16HBE14o−) cells on the ECM-integrated BETA scaffold. With this technique, we developed a biomimetic scaffold that can mimic both the physico-mechanical properties and the native microenvironment of the lung ECM. The results indicate the potential of the presented bioactive scaffold for LTE application.
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Mohgan R, Candasamy M, Mayuren J, Singh SK, Gupta G, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Emerging Paradigms in Bioengineering the Lungs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050195. [PMID: 35621473 PMCID: PMC9137616 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In end-stage lung diseases, the shortage of donor lungs for transplantation and long waiting lists are the main culprits in the significantly increasing number of patient deaths. New strategies to curb this issue are being developed with the help of recent advancements in bioengineering technology, with the generation of lung scaffolds as a steppingstone. There are various types of lung scaffolds, namely, acellular scaffolds that are developed via decellularization and recellularization techniques, artificial scaffolds that are synthesized using synthetic, biodegradable, and low immunogenic materials, and hybrid scaffolds which combine the advantageous properties of materials in the development of a desirable lung scaffold. There have also been advances in the design of bioreactors in terms of providing an optimal regenerative environment for the maturation of functional lung tissue over time. In this review, the emerging paradigms in the field of lung tissue bioengineering will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raxshanaa Mohgan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Jayashree Mayuren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara 144411, India;
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia;
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, India;
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia;
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Chan JK, Chadwick EA, Taniguchi D, Ahmadipour M, Suzuki T, Romero D, Amon C, Waddell TK, Karoubi G, Bazylak A. Cell Inertia: Predicting Cell Distributions in Lung Vasculature to Optimize Re-endothelialization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:891407. [PMID: 35573256 PMCID: PMC9092599 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.891407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We created a transient computational fluid dynamics model featuring a particle deposition probability function that incorporates inertia to quantify the transport and deposition of cells in mouse lung vasculature for the re-endothelialization of the acellular organ. Our novel inertial algorithm demonstrated a 73% reduction in cell seeding efficiency error compared to two established particle deposition algorithms when validated with experiments based on common clinical practices. We enhanced the uniformity of cell distributions in the lung vasculature by increasing the injection flow rate from 3.81 ml/min to 9.40 ml/min. As a result, the cell seeding efficiency increased in both the numerical and experimental results by 42 and 66%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K.D. Chan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric A. Chadwick
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daisuke Taniguchi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammadali Ahmadipour
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Takaya Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - David Romero
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cristina Amon
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas K. Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Golnaz Karoubi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aimy Bazylak
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Aimy Bazylak,
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11
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Abbas M, Alqahtani MS, Almohiy HM, Alqahtani FF, Alhifzi R, Jambi LK. The Potential Contribution of Biopolymeric Particles in Lung Tissue Regeneration of COVID-19 Patients. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4011. [PMID: 34833310 PMCID: PMC8623030 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung is a vital organ that houses the alveoli, which is where gas exchange takes place. The COVID-19 illness attacks lung cells directly, creating significant inflammation and resulting in their inability to function. To return to the nature of their job, it may be essential to rejuvenate the afflicted lung cells. This is difficult because lung cells need a long time to rebuild and resume their function. Biopolymeric particles are the most effective means to transfer developing treatments to airway epithelial cells and then regenerate infected lung cells, which is one of the most significant symptoms connected with COVID-19. Delivering biocompatible and degradable natural biological materials, chemotherapeutic drugs, vaccines, proteins, antibodies, nucleic acids, and diagnostic agents are all examples of these molecules' usage. Furthermore, they are created by using several structural components, which allows them to effectively connect with these cells. We highlight their most recent uses in lung tissue regeneration in this review. These particles are classified into three groups: biopolymeric nanoparticles, biopolymeric stem cell materials, and biopolymeric scaffolds. The techniques and processes for regenerating lung tissue will be thoroughly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hussain M. Almohiy
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Fawaz F. Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Roaa Alhifzi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Layal K. Jambi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
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12
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Akinnola I, Rossi DR, Meyer C, Lindsey A, Haase DR, Fogas S, Ehrhardt MJ, Blue RE, Price AP, Johnson M, Alvarez DF, Taylor DA, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A. Engineering Functional Vasculature in Decellularized Lungs Depends on Comprehensive Endothelial Cell Tropism. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:727869. [PMID: 34485262 PMCID: PMC8415401 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.727869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering using decellularized whole lungs as matrix scaffolds began as a promise for creating autologous transplantable lungs for patients with end-stage lung disease and can also be used to study strategies for lung regeneration. Vascularization remains a critical component for all solid organ bioengineering, yet there has been limited success in generating functional re-endothelialization of most pulmonary vascular segments. We evaluated recellularization of the blood vessel conduits of acellular mouse scaffolds with highly proliferating, rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial progenitor cells (RMEPCs), pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) or microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs). After 8 days of pulsatile perfusion, histological analysis showed that PAECs and MVECs possessed selective tropism for larger vessels or microvasculature, respectively. In contrast, RMEPCs lacked site preference and repopulated all vascular segments. RMEPC-derived endothelium exhibited thrombomodulin activity, expression of junctional genes, ability to synthesize endothelial signaling molecules, and formation of a restrictive barrier. The RMEPC phenotype described here could be useful for identifying endothelial progenitors suitable for efficient vascular organ and tissue engineering, regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeolu Akinnola
- MSTP, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Daniel R Rossi
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Carolyn Meyer
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ashley Lindsey
- Internal Medicine and Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Douglas R Haase
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Samuel Fogas
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Michael J Ehrhardt
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Rachel E Blue
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Andrew P Price
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Max Johnson
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Diego F Alvarez
- Internal Medicine and Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | | | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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13
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Cell-based therapies for vascular regeneration: Past, present and future. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107976. [PMID: 34480961 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tissue vascularization remains one of the outstanding challenges in regenerative medicine. Beyond its role in circulating oxygen and nutrients, the vasculature is critical for organ development, function and homeostasis. Importantly, effective vascular regeneration is key in generating large 3D tissues for regenerative medicine applications to enable the survival of cells post-transplantation, organ growth, and integration into the host system. Therefore, the absence of clinically applicable means of (re)generating vessels is one of the main obstacles in cell replacement therapy. In this review, we highlight cell-based vascularization strategies which demonstrate clinical potential, discuss their strengths and limitations and highlight the main obstacles hindering cell-based therapeutic vascularization.
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14
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Mahfouzi SH, Safiabadi Tali SH, Amoabediny G. Decellularized human-sized pulmonary scaffolds for lung tissue engineering: a comprehensive review. Regen Med 2021; 16:757-774. [PMID: 34431331 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of lung bioengineering is to produce transplantable lungs for human beings. Therefore, large-scale studies are of high importance. In this paper, we review the investigations on decellularization and recellularization of human-sized lung scaffolds. First, studies that introduce new ways to enhance the decellularization of large-scale lungs are reviewed, followed by the investigations on the xenogeneic sources of lung scaffolds. Then, decellularization and recellularization of diseased lung scaffolds are discussed to assess their usefulness for tissue engineering applications. Next, the use of stem cells in recellularizing acellular lung scaffolds is reviewed, followed by the case studies on the transplantation of bioengineered lungs. Finally, the remaining challenges are discussed, and future directions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Mahfouzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghassem Amoabediny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Bergmann S, Schindler M, Munger C, Penfold CA, Boroviak TE. Building a stem cell-based primate uterus. Commun Biol 2021; 4:749. [PMID: 34140619 PMCID: PMC8211708 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The uterus is the organ for embryo implantation and fetal development. Most current models of the uterus are centred around capturing its function during later stages of pregnancy to increase the survival in pre-term births. However, in vitro models focusing on the uterine tissue itself would allow modelling of pathologies including endometriosis and uterine cancers, and open new avenues to investigate embryo implantation and human development. Motivated by these key questions, we discuss how stem cell-based uteri may be engineered from constituent cell parts, either as advanced self-organising cultures, or by controlled assembly through microfluidic and print-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bergmann
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Magdalena Schindler
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clara Munger
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher A Penfold
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Trust - Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Thorsten E Boroviak
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK.
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16
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Mahfouzi SH, Amoabediny G, Safiabadi Tali SH. Advances in bioreactors for lung bioengineering: From scalable cell culture to tissue growth monitoring. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2142-2167. [PMID: 33629350 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung bioengineering has emerged to resolve the current lung transplantation limitations and risks, including the shortage of donor organs and the high rejection rate of transplanted lungs. One of the most critical elements of lung bioengineering is bioreactors. Bioreactors with different applications have been developed in the last decade for lung bioengineering approaches, aiming to produce functional reproducible tissue constructs. Here, the current status and advances made in the development and application of bioreactors for bioengineering lungs are comprehensively reviewed. First, bioreactor design criteria are explained, followed by a discussion on using bioreactors as a culture system for scalable expansion and proliferation of lung cells, such as producing epithelial cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Next, bioreactor systems facilitating and improving decellularization and recellularization of lung tissues are discussed, highlighting the studies that developed bioreactors for producing engineered human-sized lungs. Then, monitoring bioreactors are reviewed, showing their ability to evaluate and optimize the culture conditions for maturing engineered lung tissues, followed by an explanation on the ability of ex vivo lung perfusion systems for reconditioning the lungs before transplantation. After that, lung cancer studies simplified by bioreactors are discussed, showing the potentials of bioreactors in lung disease modeling. Finally, other platforms with the potential of facilitating lung bioengineering are described, including the in vivo bioreactors and lung-on-a-chip models. In the end, concluding remarks and future directions are put forward to accelerate lung bioengineering using bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Mahfouzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghassem Amoabediny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Gabbott C, Mele E, Sun T. Cell marbles: A novel cell encapsulation technology by wrapping cell suspension droplets using electrospun nanofibers for developmental engineering. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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Ben Hamouda S, Vargas A, Boivin R, Miglino MA, da Palma RK, Lavoie JP. Recellularization of Bronchial Extracellular Matrix With Primary Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 96:103313. [PMID: 33349413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is associated with an increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and altered composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Studies have indicated that ECM-ASM cell interactions contribute to this remodeling and its limited reversibility with current therapy. Three-dimensional matrices allow the study of complex cellular responses to different stimuli in an almost natural environment. Our goal was to obtain acellular bronchial matrices and then develop a recellularization protocol with ASM cells. We studied equine bronchi as horses spontaneously develop a human asthma-like disease. The bronchi were decellularized using Triton/Sodium Deoxycholate. The obtained scaffolds retained their anatomical and histological properties. Using immunohistochemistry and a semi-quantitative score to compare native bronchi to scaffolds revealed no significant variation for matrixial proteins. DNA quantification and electrophoresis revealed that most DNA was 29.6 ng/mg of tissue ± 5.6, with remaining fragments of less than 100 bp. Primary ASM cells were seeded on the scaffolds. Histological analysis of the recellularizations showed that ASM cells migrated and proliferated primarily in the decellularized smooth muscle matrix, suggesting a chemotactic effect of the scaffolds. This is the first report of primary ASM cells preferentially repopulating the smooth muscle matrix layer in bronchial matrices. This protocol is now being used to study the molecular interactions occurring between the asthmatic ECMs and ASM to identify effectors of asthmatic bronchial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Hamouda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Amandine Vargas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxane Boivin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
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19
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Pashos NC, Graham DM, Burkett BJ, O'Donnell B, Sabol RA, Helm J, Martin EC, Bowles AC, Heim WM, Caronna VC, Miller KS, Grasperge B, Sullivan S, Chaffin AE, Bunnell BA. Acellular Biologic Nipple-Areolar Complex Graft: In Vivo Murine and Nonhuman Primate Host Response Evaluation. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:872-885. [PMID: 31950890 PMCID: PMC7462026 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There are more than 3 million breast cancer survivors living in the United States of which a significant number have undergone mastectomy followed by breast and nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstruction. Current strategies for NAC reconstruction are dependent on nonliving or nonpermanent techniques, including tattooing, nipple prosthetics, or surgical nipple-like structures. Described herein is a tissue engineering approach demonstrating the feasibility of an allogeneic acellular graft for nipple reconstruction. Nonhuman primate (NHP)-derived NAC tissues were decellularized and their extracellular matrix components analyzed by both proteomic and histological analyses. Decellularized NHP nipple tissue showed the removal of intact cells and greatly diminished profiles for intracellular proteins, as compared with intact NHP nipple tissue. We further evaluated the biocompatibility of decellularized grafts and their potential to support host-mediated neovascularization against commercially available acellular dermal grafts by performing in vivo studies in a murine model. A follow-up NHP pilot study evaluated the host-mediated neovascularization and re-epithelialization of onlay engrafted decellularized NAC grafts. The murine model revealed greater neovascularization in the decellularized NAC than in the commercially available control grafts, with no observed biocompatibility issues. The in vivo NHP model confirmed that the decellularized NAC grafts encourage neovascularization as well as re-epithelialization. These results support the concept that a biologically derived acellular nipple graft is a feasible approach for nipple reconstruction, supporting neovascularization in the absence of adverse systemic responses. Impact statement Currently, women in the United States most often undergo a mastectomy, followed by reconstruction, after being diagnosed with breast cancer. These breast cancer survivors are often left with nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstructions that are subsatisfactory, nonliving, and/or nonpermanent. Utilizing an acellular biologically derived whole NAC graft would allow these patients a living and permanent tissue engineering solution to nipple reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C. Pashos
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Bioinnovation PhD Program, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - David M. Graham
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Ben O'Donnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Bioinnovation PhD Program, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rachel A. Sabol
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joshua Helm
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Martin
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie C. Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - William M. Heim
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vince C. Caronna
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristin S. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brooke Grasperge
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Scott Sullivan
- Center for Restorative Breast Surgery, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Abigail E. Chaffin
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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20
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Ohata K, Ott HC. Human-scale lung regeneration based on decellularized matrix scaffolds as a biologic platform. Surg Today 2020; 50:633-643. [PMID: 32363425 PMCID: PMC7305261 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-02000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is currently the only curative treatment for patients with end-stage lung disease; however, donor organ shortage and the need for intense immunosuppression limit its broad clinical application. Bioartificial lungs created by combining native matrix scaffolds with patient-derived cells might overcome these problems. Decellularization involves stripping away cells while leaving behind the extracellular matrix scaffold. Cadaveric lungs are decellularized by detergent perfusion, and histologic examination confirms the absence of cellular components but the preservation of matrix proteins. The resulting lung scaffolds are recellularized in a bioreactor that provides biomimetic conditions, including vascular perfusion and liquid ventilation. Cell seeding, engraftment, and tissue maturation are achieved in whole-organ culture. Bioartificial lungs are transplantable, similarly to donor lungs, because the scaffolds preserve the vascular and airway architecture. In rat and porcine transplantation models, successful anastomoses of the vasculature and the airway were achieved, and gas exchange was evident after reperfusion. However, long-term function has not been achieved because of the immaturity of the vascular bed and distal lung epithelia. The goal of this strategy is to create patient-specific transplantable lungs using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cells. The repopulation of decellularized scaffolds to create transplantable organs is one of possible future clinical applications of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Ohata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 4800, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 4800, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Abstract
The pulmonary blood-gas barrier represents a remarkable feat of engineering. It achieves the exquisite thinness needed for gas exchange by diffusion, the strength to withstand the stresses and strains of repetitive and changing ventilation, and the ability to actively maintain itself under varied demands. Understanding the design principles of this barrier is essential to understanding a variety of lung diseases, and to successfully regenerating or artificially recapitulating the barrier ex vivo. Many classical studies helped to elucidate the unique structure and morphology of the mammalian blood-gas barrier, and ongoing investigations have helped to refine these descriptions and to understand the biological aspects of blood-gas barrier function and regulation. This article reviews the key features of the blood-gas barrier that enable achievement of the necessary design criteria and describes the mechanical environment to which the barrier is exposed. It then focuses on the biological and mechanical components of the barrier that preserve integrity during homeostasis, but which may be compromised in certain pathophysiological states, leading to disease. Finally, this article summarizes recent key advances in efforts to engineer the blood-gas barrier ex vivo, using the platforms of lung-on-a-chip and tissue-engineered whole lungs. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:415-452, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Leiby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Micha Sam Brickman Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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22
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Tsuchiya T, Doi R, Obata T, Hatachi G, Nagayasu T. Lung Microvascular Niche, Repair, and Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:105. [PMID: 32154234 PMCID: PMC7047880 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials have been used for a long time in the field of medicine. Since the success of "tissue engineering" pioneered by Langer and Vacanti in 1993, tissue engineering studies have advanced from simple tissue generation to whole organ generation with three-dimensional reconstruction. Decellularized scaffolds have been widely used in the field of reconstructive surgery because the tissues used to generate decellularized scaffolds can be easily harvested from animals or humans. When a patient's own cells can be seeded onto decellularized biomaterials, theoretically this will create immunocompatible organs generated from allo- or xeno-organs. The most important aspect of lung tissue engineering is that the delicate three-dimensional structure of the organ is maintained during the tissue engineering process. Therefore, organ decellularization has special advantages for lung tissue engineering where it is essential to maintain the extremely thin basement membrane in the alveoli. Since 2010, there have been many methodological developments in the decellularization and recellularization of lung scaffolds, which includes improvements in the decellularization protocols and the selection and preparation of seeding cells. However, early transplanted engineered lungs terminated in organ failure in a short period. Immature vasculature reconstruction is considered to be the main cause of engineered organ failure. Immature vasculature causes thrombus formation in the engineered lung. Successful reconstruction of a mature vasculature network would be a major breakthrough in achieving success in lung engineering. In order to regenerate the mature vasculature network, we need to remodel the vascular niche, especially the microvasculature, in the organ scaffold. This review highlights the reconstruction of the vascular niche in a decellularized lung scaffold. Because the vascular niche consists of endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, extracellular matrix (ECM), and the epithelial-endothelial interface, all of which might affect the vascular tight junction (TJ), we discuss ECM composition and reconstruction, the contribution of ECs and perivascular cells, the air-blood barrier (ABB) function, and the effects of physiological factors during the lung microvasculature repair and engineering process. The goal of the present review is to confirm the possibility of success in lung microvascular engineering in whole organ engineering and explore the future direction of the current methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Nucleic Acid Drug Development, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Doi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Obata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Go Hatachi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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23
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Patel G, Xu N, Nguyen A, Alvarez DF, Fredberg JJ, Stevens T, Tambe DT. Mechanical signaling in a pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell monolayer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:337-343. [PMID: 31514994 PMCID: PMC6931900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical microenvironment of an endothelial cell includes a stable protein scaffold on the basal side, flowing blood on the apical side and contractile cells on the lateral sides. Interaction with the protein scaffold and flowing blood modulates the ability of endothelial cells to migrate, align and maintain barrier function. Interaction with neighbors provides the endothelial monolayer unique "collective" properties. However, the nature of local mechanical signaling - i.e., the local functional consequence of a cell interacting with its contractile neighbors - remains unclear. Using an advancing sheet of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, here we examine the mechanical properties of an individual cell and its neighboring region. By combining Monolayer Stress Microscopy (MSM) with a novel analysis, we assessed several mechanical properties of an individual cell and its neighboring region. Across the monolayer, mechanical properties of the neighboring region defined multicellular "subdivisions" wherein constituent cells were exposed to a similar mechanical microenvironment. Adjacent subdivisions were separated by a narrow interface where adjoining cells were exposed to remarkably different mechanical microenvironments. Comparison of temporal fluctuations in mechanical properties of individual cells and those of their neighboring regions suggested three distinct intercellular mechanical signaling processes. These processes indicated that change in size, shape and speed of individual cells is associated with change in contractile forces in their neighboring regions. In summary, we present a novel approach to assess the mechanical interactions of individual cells with their contractile neighbors and identify potential functional consequences of such interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gnyata Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pat Capps Covey College of Allied Health Professions, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ningyong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Alyson Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pat Capps Covey College of Allied Health Professions, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Diego F Alvarez
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Dhananjay T Tambe
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; William B. Burnsed, Jr. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
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24
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Lung bioengineering: advances and challenges in lung decellularization and recellularization. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2019; 23:673-678. [PMID: 30300330 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bioengineering the lung based on its natural extracellular matrix (ECM) offers novel opportunities to overcome the shortage of donors, to reduce chronic allograft rejections, and to improve the median survival rate of transplanted patients. During the last decade, lung tissue engineering has advanced rapidly to combine scaffolds, cells, and biologically active molecules into functional tissues to restore or improve the lung's main function, gas exchange. This review will inspect the current progress in lung bioengineering using decellularized and recellularized lung scaffolds and highlight future challenges in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Lung decellularization and recellularization protocols have provided researchers with tools to progress toward functional lung tissue engineering. However, there is continuous evolution and refinement particularly for optimization of lung recellularization. These further the possibility of developing a transplantable bioartificial lung. SUMMARY Bioengineering the lung using recellularized scaffolds could offer a curative option for patients with end-stage organ failure but its accomplishment remains unclear in the short-term. However, the state-of-the-art of techniques described in this review will increase our knowledge of the lung ECM and of chemical and mechanical cues which drive cell repopulation to improve the advances in lung regeneration and lung tissue engineering.
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25
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Huling J, Min SI, Kim DS, Ko IK, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Kidney regeneration with biomimetic vascular scaffolds based on vascular corrosion casts. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:328-336. [PMID: 30953799 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a biomimetic renal vascular scaffold based on a vascular corrosion casting technique. This study evaluated the feasibility of using this novel biomimetic scaffold for kidney regeneration in a rat kidney cortical defect model. Vascular corrosion casts were prepared from normal rat kidneys by perfusion with 10% polycaprolactone (PCL) solution, followed by tissue digestion. The corrosion PCL cast was coated with collagen, and PCL was removed from within the collagen coating, leaving only a hollow collagen-based biomimetic vascular scaffold. The fabricated scaffolds were pre-vascularized with MS1 endothelial cell coating, incorporated into 3D renal constructs, and subsequently implanted either with or without human renal cells in the renal cortex of nude rats. The implanted collagen-based vascular scaffold was easily identified and integrated into native kidney tissue. The biomimetic vascular scaffold coated with endothelial cells (MS1) showed significantly enhanced vascularization, as compared to the uncoated scaffold and hydrogel only groups (P < 0.001). Along with the improved vascularization effects, the MS1-coated scaffolds showed a significant renal cell infiltration from the neighboring host tissue, as compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, addition of human renal cells to the MS1-coated scaffold resulted in further enhancement of vascularization and tubular structure regeneration within the implanted constructs. The biomimetic collagen vascular scaffolds coated with endothelial cells are able to enhance vascularization and facilitate the formation of renal tubules after 14 days when combined with human renal cells. This study shows the feasibility of bioengineering vascularized functional renal tissues for kidney regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Vascularization is one of the major hurdles affecting the survival and integration of implanted three-dimensional tissue constructs in vivo. A novel, biomimetic, collagen-based vascular scaffold that is structurally identical to native kidney tissue was developed and tested. This biomimetic vascularized scaffold system facilitates the development of new vessels and renal cell viability in vivo when implanted in a partial renal defect. The use of this scaffold system could address the challenges associated with vascularization, and may be an ideal treatment strategy for partial augmentation of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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26
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Epac agonist improves barrier function in iPSC-derived endothelial colony forming cells for whole organ tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2019; 200:25-34. [PMID: 30754017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Whole organ engineering paradigms typically involve repopulating acellular organ scaffolds with recipient-compatible cells, to generate a neo-organ that may provide key physiological functions. In the case of whole lung engineering, functionally endothelialized pulmonary vasculature is critical for establishing a fluid-tight barrier at the level of the alveolus, so that oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged in the organ. We have previously developed a protocol to efficiently seed endothelial cells into the microvascular channels of decellularized lung scaffolds, but fully functional endothelial coverage, in terms of barrier function and resistance to thrombosis, was not achieved. In this study, we investigated whether various small molecules could favorably impact endothelial functionality after seeding into decellularized lung scaffolds. We demonstrated that the Epac-selective cAMP analog 8CPT-2Me-cAMP improves endothelial barrier function in repopulated lung scaffolds. When treated with the Epac agonist, barrier function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) improved, and was maintained for at least three days, whereas the effect of other tested molecules lasted for only 5 h. Treatment with the Epac agonist re-organized actin structure, and appeared to increase the continuity of junction proteins such as VE-cadherin and ZO1. Blockade of actin polymerization abolished the effect of the Epac agonist on barrier function and actin reorganization, confirming a strong actin-mediated effect. Similarly, after treatment with Epac agonist, the barrier function in iPSC-derived endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) was increased and the enhanced barrier was maintained for at least 60 h. After culture in lung scaffolds for 5 days, iPSC-ECFCs maintained their phenotype by expressing CD31, eNOS, vWF, and VE-Cadherin. Treatment with the Epac agonist significantly improved the barrier function of iPSC-ECFC-repopulated lung for at least 6 h. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Epac-selective 8CPT-2Me-cAMP activation enhanced vascular barrier in iPSC-ECFC-engineered lungs, and may be useful to improve endothelial functionality for whole organ tissue engineering.
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27
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Zhou C, Francis CM, Xu N, Stevens T. The role of endothelial leak in pulmonary hypertension (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045894018798569. [PMID: 30124139 PMCID: PMC6134503 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018798569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical transient receptor potential 4 (TRPC4) protein contributes to the molecular make-up of endothelial store-operated calcium entry channels. Store-operated calcium entry is a prominent mode of calcium influx in endothelium. Store-operated calcium entry channels are activated by inflammatory mediators and growth factors, and in endothelium, this process induces inter-endothelial cell gaps that increase permeability. Pulmonary endothelium within extra-alveolar segments, including pulmonary arteries, is especially sensitive to the activation of store-operated calcium entry. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction in arteries. As one of the topics for the 2017 Grover Conference Series, we examined whether an endothelial cell permeability defect accompanies PAH and, if so, whether TRPC4 contributes to this defect. Through a series of studies conducted over the past five years, we find endothelial cell barrier dysfunction occurs early in the progression of experimental PAH. Endothelium within the arterial segment, and perhaps in other vascular segments, is highly susceptible to disruption secondary to both activation of store-operated calcium entry channels and high flow. This phenomenon partly depends upon TRPC4 channels. We discuss whether endothelial cell hyperpermeability is relevant to human disease, and more specifically, whether it is relevant to all groups of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhou
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,2 Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - C Michael Francis
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,2 Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ningyong Xu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,2 Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Troy Stevens
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,2 Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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28
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De Santis MM, Bölükbas DA, Lindstedt S, Wagner DE. How to build a lung: latest advances and emerging themes in lung bioengineering. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.01355-2016. [PMID: 29903859 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01355-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The only option at end-stage disease is lung transplantation, but there are not enough donor lungs to meet clinical demand. Alternative options to increase tissue availability for lung transplantation are urgently required to close the gap on this unmet clinical need. A growing number of tissue engineering approaches are exploring the potential to generate lung tissue ex vivo for transplantation. Both biologically derived and manufactured scaffolds seeded with cells and grown ex vivo have been explored in pre-clinical studies, with the eventual goal of generating functional pulmonary tissue for transplantation. Recently, there have been significant efforts to scale-up cell culture methods to generate adequate cell numbers for human-scale bioengineering approaches. Concomitantly, there have been exciting efforts in designing bioreactors that allow for appropriate cell seeding and development of functional lung tissue over time. This review aims to present the current state-of-the-art progress for each of these areas and to discuss promising new ideas within the field of lung bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M De Santis
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lung Repair and Regeneration (LRR), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Deniz A Bölükbas
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Lindstedt
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Dept of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden .,Lung Repair and Regeneration (LRR), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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29
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Fratini P, Rigoglio NN, Matias GDSS, Carreira ACO, Rici REG, Miglino MA. Canine Placenta Recellularized Using Yolk Sac Cells with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Biores Open Access 2018; 7:101-106. [PMID: 30065855 PMCID: PMC6056259 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2018.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has been growing because of the emergent need for tissues/organs for transplants and restorative surgeries. Biological scaffolds are important tools to try to solve this problem. The one used in this reserach was developed by an acellular biological scaffold from canine placenta with a rich source of cellular matrix. After decellularization, the cellular matrix demonstrated structural preservation with the presence of important functional proteins such as collagen, fibronectin, and laminin. We used cells transduced with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to recellularize this scaffold. It was succeeded by seeding the cells in nonadherent plaques in the presence of the sterelized placenta scaffold. Cells were adhered to the scaffold when analyzed by immunocytochemistry and scanning electron microscopy, both showing sprouting of yolk sac VEGF (YSVEGF) cells. This recellularized scaffold is a promissory biomaterial for repairing injured areas where neovascularization is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fratini
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathia Nathaly Rigoglio
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Sá Schiavo Matias
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia O Carreira
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center) and NETCEM (Center for Studies in Cell and Molecular Therapy), Medical Clinics Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biotechnology, Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rose Eli Grassi Rici
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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30
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Lee JY, McMurtry SA, Stevens T. Single cell cloning generates lung endothelial colonies with conserved growth, angiogenic, and bioenergetic characteristics. Pulm Circ 2017; 7:777-792. [PMID: 28841087 PMCID: PMC5703126 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217731295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery, capillary, and vein endothelial cells possess distinctive structures and functions, which represent a form of vascular segment specific macroheterogeneity. However, within each of these segmental populations, individual cell functional variability represents a poorly characterized microheterogeneity. Here, we hypothesized that single cell clonogenic assays would reveal microheterogeneity among the parent cell population and enable isolation of highly representative cells with committed parental characteristics. To test this hypothesis, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) were isolated from different Sprague Dawley rats. Serum stimulated proliferation of endothelial populations and single cell clonogenic potential were evaluated. In vitro Matrigel assays were utilized to analyze angiogenic potential and the Seahorse assay was used to evaluate bioenergetic profiles. PMVEC populations grew faster and had a higher proliferative potential than PAEC populations. Fewer PMVECs were needed to form networks on Matrigel when compared with PAECs. PMVECs primarily utilized aerobic glycolysis, while PAECs relied more heavily on oxidative phosphorylation, to support bioenergetic demands. Repeated single cell cloning and expansion of PAEC colonies generated homogeneous first-generation clones that were highly reflective of the parental population in terms of growth, angiogenic potential, and bioenergetic profiles. Repeated single cell cloning of the first-generation clones generated second-generation clones with increased proliferative potential while maintaining other parental characteristics. Second-generation clones were highly homogeneous populations. Thus, single cell cloning reveals microheterogeneity among the parent cell population and enables isolation of highly representative cells with parental characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sarah A. McMurtry
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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31
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Le AV, Hatachi G, Beloiartsev A, Ghaedi M, Engler AJ, Baevova P, Niklason LE, Calle EA. Efficient and Functional Endothelial Repopulation of Whole Lung Organ Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2000-2010. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew V. Le
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Go Hatachi
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto 1-7-1, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Arkadi Beloiartsev
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Alexander J. Engler
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Pavlina Baevova
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Calle
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
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