1
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Lu P, Wu J, Zhang W. Identifying circRNA-disease association based on relational graph attention network and hypergraph attention network. Anal Biochem 2024; 694:115628. [PMID: 39069246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, with the in-depth study of circRNA, scholars have begun to discover a synergistic relationship between circRNA and microorganisms. Traditional wet lab experiments in biology require expensive financial, material, and human resources to investigate the relationship between circRNA and diseases. Therefore, we propose a new predictive model for inferring the association between circRNA and diseases, called HAGACDA. Specifically, we first aggregate the unique features of circRNA and diseases themselves through singular value decomposition, Pearson similarity, and the biological information characteristics of circRNA and diseases. Utilizing the competitive relationships between miRNA and other microorganisms, we construct a circRNA-miRNA-disease multi-source heterogeneous network. Subsequently, we use a relational graph attention network to aggregate features based on the structural connections between different nodes. To address the inherent limitations in capturing high-order patterns in edge sets, we integrate a hypergraph attention network to extract features of circRNA and diseases. Finally, association prediction scores for node pairs are obtained through a multilayer perceptron. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the model, including comparative experiments and case studies. Experimental results demonstrate that our model accurately predicts the association between circRNA and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- PengLi Lu
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Jinkai Wu
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China
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2
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Leushkin E, Kaessmann H. Identification of old coding regions disproves the hominoid de novo status of genes. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:1826-1830. [PMID: 39187607 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Leushkin
- Center for Molecular Biology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Henrik Kaessmann
- Center for Molecular Biology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Wang B, Liu W, Zhang M, Li Y, Tang H, Wang Y, Song C, Song B, Tan B. Circ_0001947 encapsulated by small extracellular vesicles promotes gastric cancer progression and anti-PD-1 resistance by modulating CD8 + T cell exhaustion. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:563. [PMID: 39272146 PMCID: PMC11401313 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)-derived circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been emerged as significant players in cancer, the function and underlying mechanism of sEVs-derived circRNAs in anti-cancer immunity remain unclear. METHODS Gastric cancer (GC)-derived circRNAs were identified using RNA-seq data from GEO datasets and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), RNA immunoprecipitation, dual-luciferase assay, and bioinformatics analysis were performed to investigate the regulatory axis. Transwell assay, wound healing assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and xenograft models were used to evaluate its role in GC progression in vivo and in vitro. The delivery of specific circRNAs into sEVs were verified through electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and fuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Flow cytometric analysis and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to find out how specific circRNAs mediated CD8+ T cell exhaustion and resistant to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapy. RESULTS We identified that circ_0001947, packaged by GC-derived sEVs, was obviously elevated in GC and was associated with poor clinical outcome. High circ0001947 level augmented the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Mechanistically, circ0001947 sponged miR-661 and miR-671-5p to promote the expression of CD39, which further facilitated CD8+ T cell exhaustion and immune resistance. Conversely, blocking circ_0001947 attenuated CD8+ T cell exhaustion and increased the response to anti-PD-1 therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our study manifested the therapeutic potential of targeting sEVs-transmitted circ_0001947 to prohibit CD8+ T cell exhaustion and immune resistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Wang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Hongyue Tang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Chao Song
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Buyun Song
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Bibo Tan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China.
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4
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Shafaee Arani S, Nejati M, Rastgoufar S, Raisi A, Eshraghi R, Ostadian A, Matini AH, Rahimain N, Mirzaei H. Evaluation of expression level of BANCR, MALAT1 and FER1L4 and their target genes in coumarin-treated AGS cell line. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155291. [PMID: 38643553 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Because long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect several interconnected processes, its value as a predictive marker for gastric cancer has been demonstrated. Coumarin - a natural compound known to contain some beneficial antitumor qualities - was tested for its effects on AGS gastric cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the expression level of selected cellular lncRNAs (BANCR, MALAT1 and FER1L4) and their target genes (PTEN, p-PI3K and p-AKT) in coumarin-treated AGS cell line. The expressions of the three lncRNAs: BANCR, MALAT1 and FER1L4, as well as their specified targets, PTEN, PI3K and AKT, were measured by qRT-PCR. To gauge the impact of coumarin on the AGS cells, a MTT assay was utilized. A Western blot has been employed to assess variations in PTEN, p-PI3K, and p-AKT expression. The experiment's results showed that AGS viability diminished with increasing doses of coumarin. Compared to the control cells, the cells exposed to coumarin had showed reduced levels of mRNAs which are known targets of the lncRNA BANCR. At the same time, levels of lncRNAs MALAT1 and FER1L4 within coumarin group have been higher comparing to those within control group. Additionally, the Western blot analysis revealed that the coumarin-treated cells expressed lower levels of p-PI3K, PTEN as well as p-AKT compared to control group. This information points to coumarin being a possible option in a treatment regimen for gastric cancer due to its ability to affect lncRNAs and the molecules they target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Shafaee Arani
- Department of Pathology and Histology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Majid Nejati
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sepide Rastgoufar
- Department of Pathology and Histology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Eshraghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hassan Matini
- Department of Pathology and Histology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Neda Rahimain
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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5
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Cao X, Tang L, Song J. Circular Single-Stranded DNA: Discovery, Biological Effects, and Applications. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1038-1058. [PMID: 38501391 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The field of nucleic acid therapeutics has witnessed a significant surge in recent times, as evidenced by the increasing number of approved genetic drugs. However, current platform technologies containing plasmids, lipid nanoparticle-mRNAs, and adeno-associated virus vectors encounter various limitations and challenges. Thus, we are devoted to finding a novel nucleic acid vector and have directed our efforts toward investigating circular single-stranded DNA (CssDNA), an ancient form of nucleic acid. CssDNAs are ubiquitous, but generally ignored. Accumulating evidence suggests that CssDNAs possess exceptional properties as nucleic acid vectors, exhibiting great potential for clinical applications in genetic disorders, gene editing, and immune cell therapy. Here, we comprehensively review the discovery and biological effects of CssDNAs as well as their applications in the field of biomedical research for the first time. Undoubtedly, as an ancient form of DNA, CssDNA holds immense potential and promises novel insights for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisen Cao
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Linlin Tang
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
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6
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Lu P, Zhang W, Wu J. AMPCDA: Prediction of circRNA-disease associations by utilizing attention mechanisms on metapaths. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107989. [PMID: 38016366 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have been creating an expanding corpus of experimental evidences in biomedical field which has revealed prevalent associations between circRNAs and human diseases. Such linkages unveiled afforded a new perspective for elucidating etiology and devise innovative therapeutic strategies. In recent years, many computational methods were introduced to remedy the limitations of inefficiency and exorbitant budgets brought by conventional lab-experimental approaches to enumerate possible circRNA-disease associations, but the majority of existing methods still face challenges in effectively integrating node embeddings with higher-order neighborhood representations, which might hinder the final predictive accuracy from attaining optimal measures. To overcome such constraints, we proposed AMPCDA, a computational technique harnessing predefined metapaths to predict circRNA-disease associations. Specifically, an association graph is initially built upon three source databases and two similarity derivation procedures, and DeepWalk is subsequently imposed on the graph to procure initial feature representations. Vectorial embeddings of metapath instances, concatenated by initial node features, are then fed through a customed encoder. By employing self-attention section, metapath-specific contributions to each node are accumulated before combining with node's intrinsic features and channeling into a graph attention module, which furnished the input representations for the multilayer perceptron to predict the ultimate association probability scores. By integrating graph topology features and node embedding themselves, AMPCDA managed to effectively leverage information carried by multiple nodes along paths and exhibited an exceptional predictive performance, achieving AUC values of 0.9623, 0.9675, and 0.9711 under 5-fold cross validation, 10-fold cross validation, and leave-one-out cross validation, respectively. These results signify substantial accuracy improvements compared to other prediction models. Case study assessments confirm the high predictive accuracy of our proposed technique in identifying circRNA-disease connections, highlighting its value in guiding future biological research to reveal new disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Lu
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Jinkai Wu
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, PR China.
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7
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Caserta S, Stagno F, Gangemi S, Allegra A. Highlights on the Effects of Non-Coding RNAs in the Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1598. [PMID: 38338876 PMCID: PMC10855359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the jaw is the progressive loss and destruction of bone affecting the maxilla or mandible in patients treated with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic agents without receiving prior radiation therapy. The pathogenesis involves the inflammatory pathway of receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-kB ligand and the macrophage colony-stimulating factor, essential for osteoclast precursors survival and proliferation and acting through its receptor c-Fms. Evidence has shown the role of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the jaw and this finding might be useful in diagnosis since these small RNAs could be considered as biomarkers of apoptotic activity in bone. Interestingly, it has been proved that miR-29 and miR-31-5p, acting on specific targets such as CALCR and RhoA, promote programmed-cell death and consequently the necrosis of bone tissue. Specific long non-coding RNAs, instead, have been detected both at reduced levels in patients with multiple myeloma and osteonecrosis, and associated with suppression of osteoblast differentiation, with consequences in the progression of mandible lesions. Among non-coding genic material, circular RNAs have the capability to modify the expression of specific mRNAs responsible for the inhibition of bisphosphonates activity on osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Caserta
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Fabio Stagno
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.)
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8
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Ghosh S, Chakraborti S, Devi D, Sahu R, Mandal S, Mandal L. A conserved nutrient responsive axis mediates autophagic degradation of miRNA-mRNA hybrids in blood cell progenitors. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:385-403. [PMID: 37994707 PMCID: PMC10783512 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In animals, microRNAs are amongst the primary non-coding RNAs involved in regulating the gene expression of a cell. Most mRNAs in a cell are targeted by one or many miRNAs. Although several mechanisms can be attributed to the degradation of miRNA and mRNA within a cell, but the involvement of autophagy in the clearance of miRNA and its target mRNA is not known. We discover a leucine-responsive axis in blood cell progenitors that can mediate an autophagy-directed degradation of miRNA-bound mRNA in Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens. This previously unknown miRNA clearance axis is activated upon amino acid deprivation that can traffic miRNA-mRNA-loaded Argonaute for autophagic degradation in a p62-dependent manner. Thus, our research not only reports a novel axis that can address the turnover of a catalytically active miRISC but also elucidates a slicer-independent mechanism through which autophagy can selectively initiate the clearance of target mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmit Ghosh
- Developmental Genetic Laboratory, 140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
| | - Sreemoyee Chakraborti
- Developmental Genetic Laboratory, 140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
| | - Devki Devi
- Developmental Genetic Laboratory, 140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Sahu
- Developmental Genetic Laboratory, 140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
| | - Sudip Mandal
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory,140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
| | - Lolitika Mandal
- Developmental Genetic Laboratory, 140306 Punjab, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Manauli P.O., 140306 Punjab, India
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9
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Huang W, Paul D, Calin GA, Bayraktar R. miR-142: A Master Regulator in Hematological Malignancies and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2023; 13:84. [PMID: 38201290 PMCID: PMC10778542 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA whose dysregulation is frequently associated with the onset and progression of human cancers. miR-142, an ultra-conserved miRNA with both active -3p and -5p mature strands and wide-ranging physiological targets, has been the subject of countless studies over the years. Due to its preferential expression in hematopoietic cells, miR-142 has been found to be associated with numerous types of lymphomas and leukemias. This review elucidates the multifaceted role of miR-142 in human physiology, its influence on hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cells, and its intriguing involvement in exosome-mediated miR-142 transport. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive exploration of the genetic and molecular landscape of the miR-142 genomic locus, highlighting its mutations and dysregulation within hematological malignancies. Finally, we discuss potential avenues for harnessing the therapeutic potential of miR-142 in the context of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Huang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Doru Paul
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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10
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Wu X, Wang J, Kang Y, Wang Q, Qu J, Sun X, Ji D, Li Y. miR-133a-3p regulates the growth of hair follicle stem cells in white goats from the Yangtze River Delta. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4559-4568. [PMID: 36752211 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2172422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The Yangtze River Delta white goats are the sole goat breed producing brush hair of high quality. Owing to the particularities of its wool production, a higher demand is placed on breeding efforts for this animal. Studies on the developmental mechanisms of the aligned hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) provide a theoretical basis for molecular breeding. In the present study, HFSCs were isolated using the technique of immunohistochemistry from the cervical spinal skin tissue samples from the fetal sheep, and the miR-133a-3p expression was confirmed using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting experiments from the isolated HFSCs. Additionally, the effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of HFSCs were detected using flow cytometry and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays, along with other methods, following the overexpression of miR-133a-3p or its inhibition. The experimental results revealed that miR-133a-3p overexpressed could inhibit the proliferation of HFSCs and promote apoptosis by specifically targeting DUSP6. While the miR-133a-3p knockdown could promote the proliferation but inhibit the apoptosis of the HFSCs. Meanwhile, the miR-133a-3p knockdown experiments showed opposite outcomes. These results illustrate the presence of a relevant network between DUSP6 and miR-133a-3p, which regulates the production of superior-quality brush hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Qu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dejun Ji
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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11
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Pagoni M, Cava C, Sideris DC, Avgeris M, Zoumpourlis V, Michalopoulos I, Drakoulis N. miRNA-Based Technologies in Cancer Therapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1586. [PMID: 38003902 PMCID: PMC10672431 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of therapeutic miRNAs is one of the most exciting challenges for pharmaceutical companies. Since the first miRNA was discovered in 1993, our knowledge of miRNA biology has grown considerably. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in many diseases, making them appealing tools for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis and function, as well as highlight strategies for delivering miRNA agents, presenting viral, non-viral, and exosomic delivery as therapeutic approaches for different cancer types. We also consider the therapeutic role of microRNA-mediated drug repurposing in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pagoni
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Claudia Cava
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece;
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
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12
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Liu J, Che Y, Cai K, Zhao B, Qiao L, Pan Y, Yang K, Liu W. miR-136 Regulates the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fractions by Targeting HSD17B12. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14892. [PMID: 37834341 PMCID: PMC10573499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat deposition involves the continuous differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Studies have shown that microRNA miR-136 and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 12 (HSD17B12) play important roles in lipid accumulation. However, the regulatory mechanism through which miR-136 targets HSD17B12 during ovine adipogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of miR-136 and HSD17B12 in adipogenesis and their relationship in ovine adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs). The target relationship between miR-136 and HSD17B12 was predicted and confirmed using bioinformatics and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results showed that miR-136 promoted proliferation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of ovine SVFs. We also found that HSD17B12 inhibited proliferation and promoted adipogenic differentiation of ovine SVFs. Collectively, our results indicate that miR-136 facilitates proliferation and attenuates adipogenic differentiation of ovine SVFs by targeting HSD17B12. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for further elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of lipid deposition in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Breeding of Shanxi Province, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yutong Che
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ke Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Bishi Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Liying Qiao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Kaijie Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Wenzhong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Borodulina OR, Ustyantsev IG, Kramerov DA. SINEs as Potential Expression Cassettes: Impact of Deletions and Insertions on Polyadenylation and Lifetime of B2 and Ves SINE Transcripts Generated by RNA Polymerase III. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14600. [PMID: 37834047 PMCID: PMC10572872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Short Interspersed Elements (SINEs) are common in the genomes of most multicellular organisms. They are transcribed by RNA polymerase III from an internal promoter comprising boxes A and B. As transcripts of certain SINEs from mammalian genomes can be polyadenylated, such transcripts should contain the AATAAA sequence as well as those called β- and τ-signals. One of the goals of this work was to evaluate how autonomous and independent other SINE parts are β- and τ-signals. Extended regions outside of β- and τ-signals were deleted from SINEs B2 and Ves and the derived constructs were used to transfect HeLa cells in order to evaluate the relative levels of their transcripts as well as their polyadenylation efficiency. If the deleted regions affected boxes A and B, the 5'-flanking region of the U6 RNA gene with the external promoter was inserted upstream. Such substitution of the internal promoter in B2 completely restored its transcription. Almost all tested deletions/substitutions did not reduce the polyadenylation capacity of the transcripts, indicating a weak dependence of the function of β- and τ-signals on the neighboring sequences. A similar analysis of B2 and Ves constructs containing a 55-bp foreign sequence inserted between β- and τ-signals showed an equal polyadenylation efficiency of their transcripts compared to those of constructs without the insertion. The acquired poly(A)-tails significantly increased the lifetime and thus the cellular level of such transcripts. The data obtained highlight the potential of B2 and Ves SINEs as cassettes for the expression of relatively short sequences for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dmitri A. Kramerov
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Genome Evolution, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia; (O.R.B.); (I.G.U.)
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14
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Zhang J, Chu G, Zheng L, Liu J, He J. Circular RNA circ_0000119 promotes cervical cancer cell growth and migration via miR-433-3p/PAK2 axis. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:531-543. [PMID: 37540462 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of circ_0000119 on CC progression and its molecular mechanism. The expression levels of circ_0000119, miR-433-3p, and p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) in CC tissues and cell lines were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and colony formation assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasive ability were examined by Transwell assays. Downstream binding targets of circ_0000119 were predicted by online bioinformatics tools and confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, and RNA pull-down assay. The role of circ_0000119/miR-433-3p/PAK2 axis in regulating the CC process was explored by rescue experiments. A xenograft model was constructed to further determine the effect of circ_0000119 on CC tumor growth in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was conducted for Ki67 expression. Circ_0000119 was aberrantly upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of circ_0000119 inhibited CC cell proliferation, cell cycle progress, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis of CC cells. MiR-433-3p was a binding target of circ_0000119, and PAK2 was a downstream gene of miR-433-3p. MiR-433-3p inhibition reversed the inhibitory effect of silencing circ_0000119 on CC progression. In addition, PAK2 overexpression reversed the effect of miR-433-3p on CC progression. PAK2 expression was regulated by circ_0000119 and miR-433-3p. Moreover, circ_0000119 knockdown reduced tumor growth of CC in vivo. Circ_0000119 was upregulated in CC, and circ_0000119 knockdown suppressed CC malignant development through the miR-433-3p/PAK2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiao Zhang
- Third Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616, Yanxiang Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guanghua Chu
- Second Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an , 710061, China
| | - Lihua Zheng
- Third Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616, Yanxiang Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Juandi Liu
- Third Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616, Yanxiang Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Juxian He
- Third Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616, Yanxiang Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhang Z, Li L, Shi H, Chen B, Li X, Zhang Y, Liu F, Wei W, Zhou Y, Liu K, Xia W, Gu X, Huang J, Tu S, Yin C, Shao A, Jiang L. Role of Circular RNAs in Atherosclerosis through Regulation of Inflammation, Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Apoptosis: Focus on Atherosclerotic Cerebrovascular Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1461. [PMID: 37629751 PMCID: PMC10456328 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disease dangerous to human health and the main pathological cause of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, numerous basic and clinical studies have shown that AS is a chronic inflammatory disease existing in all stages of atherogenesis. It may be a common link or pathway in the pathogenesis of multiple atherogenic factors. Inflammation is associated with AS complications, such as plaque rupture and ischemic cerebral infarction. In addition to inflammation, apoptosis plays an important role in AS. Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death, and different apoptotic cells have different or even opposite roles in the process of AS. Unlike linear RNA, circular RNA (circRNA) a covalently closed circular non-coding RNA, is stable and can sponge miRNA, which can affect the stages of AS by regulating downstream pathways. Ultimately, circRNAs play very important roles in AS by regulating inflammation, apoptosis, and some other mechanisms. The study of circular RNAs can provide new ideas for the prediction, prevention, and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Huanqing Shi
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Biao Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Yongji Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Keqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenqing Xia
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Xin Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China;
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China;
| | - Congguo Yin
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Disease, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
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16
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Mo Z, Li R, Cao C, Li Y, Zheng S, Wu R, Xue J, Hu J, Meng H, Zhai H, Huang W, Zheng F, Zhou B. Splicing factor SNRPA associated with microvascular invasion promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through activating NOTCH1/Snail pathway and is mediated by circSEC62/miR-625-5p axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1022-1037. [PMID: 36715182 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a crucial risk factor related to the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms remain to be revealed. Characterizing the inherent mechanisms of MVI may aid in the development of effective treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of HCC patients with metastasis. Through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we identified that small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A (SNRPA) was related to MVI in HCC. SNRPA was overexpressed in MVI-HCC and correlated with poor patient survival. Mechanistically, SNRPA promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like process for HCC cells to accelerate metastasis by activating the NOTCH1/Snail pathway in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, circSEC62 upregulated SNRPA expression in HCC cells via miR-625-5p sponging. Taking these results together, our study identified a novel regulatory mechanism among SNRPA, miR-625-5p, circSEC62 and the NOTCH1/Snail pathway in HCC, which promoted metastasis of HCC and may provide effective suggestions for improving the prognosis of HCC patients with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Mo
- Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanlin Cao
- Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyang Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck surgery, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runxin Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Xue
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jingxiong Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiling Huang
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boxuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Ma B, Wang S, Wu W, Shan P, Chen Y, Meng J, Xing L, Yun J, Hao L, Wang X, Li S, Guo Y. Mechanisms of circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA interactions and applications in disease and drug research. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114672. [PMID: 37060662 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, breakthroughs in bioinformatics have been made with the discovery of many functionally significant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The discovery of these ncRNAs has further demonstrated the multi-level characteristics of intracellular gene expression regulation, which plays an important role in assisting diagnosis, guiding clinical drug use and determining prognosis in the treatment process of various diseases. microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the three major types of ncRNAs that interact with each other. Studies have shown that lncRNAs and circRNAs can sponge miRNAs, thereby influencing normal physiological processes and regulating mRNA expression and, thus, the physiological state of cells. This paper summarizes the mechanism of action and research progress of the three ncRNA and seven types of modalities. This summary is intended to provide new ideas for diagnosing and treating diseases and researching and developing new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benchi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Shihao Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Wenzheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Pufan Shan
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Yufan Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Liping Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Jingyi Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Longhui Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China.
| | - Shuyan Li
- College of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China.
| | - Yinghui Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China; Laboratory of Liver Viscera-State & Syndrome of Emotional Disease, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, PR China.
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18
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Bhatia A, Upadhyay AK, Sharma S. miRNAs are now starring in "No Time to Die: Overcoming the chemoresistance in cancer". IUBMB Life 2023; 75:238-256. [PMID: 35678612 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, with about 19.3 million new cases reported each year. Current therapies for cancer management include-chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. However, they are loaded with side effects and tend to cause toxicity in the patient's body posttreatment, ultimately hindering the response towards the treatment building up resistance. This is where noncoding RNAs such as miRNAs help provide us with a helping hand for taming the chemoresistance and providing potential holistic cancer management. MicroRNAs are promising targets for anticancer therapy as they perform critical regulatory roles in various signaling cascades related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Combining miRNAs and anticancer drugs and devising a combination therapy has managed cancer well in various independent studies. This review aims to provide insights into how miRNAs play a mechanistic role in cancer development and progression and regulate drug resistance in various types of cancers. Furthermore, next-generation novel therapies using miRNAs in combination with anticancer treatments in multiple cancers have been put forth and how they improve the efficacy of the treatments. Exemplary studies currently in the preclinical and clinical models have been summarized. Ultimately, we briefly talk through the challenges that come forward with it and minimize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Atul Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
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19
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Cruz-Aguilar M, Groman-Lupa S, Jiménez-Martínez MC. MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in age-related macular degeneration. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 3:1023782. [PMID: 38983087 PMCID: PMC11182111 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2023.1023782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) involves degenerative and neovascular alteration in the macular region of the retina resulting in central vision loss. AMD can be classified into dry (dAMD) and wet AMD (wAMD). There is no established treatment for dAMD, and therapies available for wAMD have limited success. Diagnosis in early AMD stages is difficult due to the absence of clinical symptoms. Currently, imaging tests are used in the diagnosis of AMD, but cannot predict the clinical course. The clinical limitations to establishing a diagnosis of AMD have led to exploration for innovative and more sensitive tests to support the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate genes by post-transcriptional gene silencing. Because these molecules are dysregulated in various processes implicated in the pathogenesis of AMD, they could contribute to the early detection of the disease and monitoring of its progression. Studies of miRNA profiling have indicated several miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers of AMD, but no approved biomarker is available at present for early AMD detection. Thus, understanding the function of miRNAs in AMD and their use as potential biomarkers may lead to future advances in diagnosis and treatment. Here we present a brief review of some of the miRNAs involved in regulating pathological processes associated with AMD and discuss several candidate miRNAs proposed as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Cruz-Aguilar
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Groman-Lupa
- Retina Service, Codet Vision Institute, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - María C Jiménez-Martínez
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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20
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Han M, Liu F, Li X, Zhang H, Pan Y, Liu Y, Zhu H, Liang H, Chen X, Liao Z, Zhang Z, Zhang B. LINC01608 activated by YY1 facilitate hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating the EGFR/ERK axis. Liver Int 2023; 43:471-489. [PMID: 36385489 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been demonstrated to associate with a variety of cancers. However, the mechanisms of LncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression are still not fully clarified. METHODS LINC01608 expression level in HCC and adjacent normal tissues was detected by real-time-quantitively PCR (RT-qPCR) in clinical samples and in situ hybridization (ISH) in tissue microarray. Several functional assays were performed to determine the biological effects of LINC01608 in HCC cells in vitro, while subcutaneous xenograft models and lung metastasis models in nude mice and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed the role of LINC01608 in HCC progression in vivo. The combination of LINC01608 with miR-875-5p and target genes was elucidated by dual-luciferase report assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays. Finally, bioinformatics analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) were performed to investigate the mechanism of Yin Yang-1 (YY1) regulating LINC01608 transcription. RESULTS LINC01608 was overexpressed in HCC tissues, and high LINC01608 expression predicted poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in HCC patients. LINC01608 could promote HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LINC01608 could sponge to miR-875-5p and activate the EGFR/ERK pathway. Moreover, we identified transcriptional factor YY1 could bind to the promoter of LINC01608 and induce its transcription. CONCLUSION LINC01608 could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker of HCC. YY1-activated LINC01608 could promote HCC progression by associating with miR-875-5p to induce the EGFR/ERK signalling pathway. This discovery might provide therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Han
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Furong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yonglong Pan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yachong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - He Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Ghamlouche F, Yehya A, Zeid Y, Fakhereddine H, Fawaz J, Liu YN, Al-Sayegh M, Abou-Kheir W. MicroRNAs as clinical tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer. Transl Oncol 2023; 28:101613. [PMID: 36608541 PMCID: PMC9827391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men worldwide. Despite the presence of accumulated clinical strategies for PCa management, limited prognostic/sensitive biomarkers are available to follow up on disease occurrence and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression through post-transcriptional regulation of their complementary target messenger RNA (mRNA). MiRNAs modulate fundamental biological processes and play crucial roles in the pathology of various diseases, including PCa. Multiple evidence proved an aberrant miRNA expression profile in PCa, which is actively involved in the carcinogenic process. The robust and pleiotropic impact of miRNAs on PCa suggests them as potential candidates to help more understand the molecular landscape of the disease, which is likely to provide tools for early diagnosis and prognosis as well as additional therapeutic strategies to manage prostate tumors. Here, we emphasize the most consistently reported dysregulated miRNAs and highlight the contribution of their altered downstream targets with PCa hallmarks. Also, we report the potential effectiveness of using miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in PCa and the high-throughput profiling technologies that are being used in their detection. Another key aspect to be discussed in this review is the promising implication of miRNAs molecules as therapeutic tools and targets for fighting PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ghamlouche
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Amani Yehya
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Yousef Zeid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hiam Fakhereddine
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Jhonny Fawaz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Yen-Nien Liu
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 2460, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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Liu Y, Xiao X, Wang J, Wang Y, Yu Y. Silencing CircEIF3I/miR-526b-5p Axis Epigenetically Targets HGF/c-Met Signal to Hinder the Malignant Growth, Metastasis and Angiogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:48-68. [PMID: 35723810 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) is important for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators of HCC progression, and this study focused on circRNA eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I (circEIF3I) with HGF/c-Met in HCC. METHODS Levels of circEIF3I, microRNA (miR)-526b-5p, HGF, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were detected by Gene Expression Omnibus database, quantitative PCR and western blotting. Cell functions were measured by detecting cell growth (cell proliferation assay with WST-1 and EdU, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, caspase 3 activity assay, and nude mouse tumorigenicity assay), metastasis (transwell assay and western blotting), angiogenesis (endothelial tube formation assay). Molecular interaction was determined dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Expression of circEIF3I was upregulated in HCC tissues. Knockdown of circEIF3I suppressed cell proliferation epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and tube formation ability but promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. CircEIF3I could sponge miR-526b-5pto regulate downstream HGF. Functionally, circEIF3I regulation in HCC cell progression was associated with miR-526b-5p sponging function and HGF upregulation could attenuate tumor-inhibiting roles of miR-526b-5p. HCC tumor growth was delayed by interfering circEIF3I. CONCLUSION CircEIF3I was an oncogenic circRNA in HCC-, and interfering circEIF3I exhibited anti-HCC activity via circEIF3I-miR-526b-5p-HGF/c-Met pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Radiological, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130001, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130001, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yanhui Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130001, Jilin Province, China.
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Dong X, Nao J. Relationship between the therapeutic potential of various plant-derived bioactive compounds and their related microRNAs in neurological disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154501. [PMID: 36368284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders, such as ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and glioblastoma often lead to long-term disability and death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides, known to participate in both normal and pathological development, making them ideal therapeutic targets for clinical intervention. Several recent studies have suggested that plant-derived bioactive compounds (PDBCs) can have anti-atherosclerosis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating miRNAs. Thus, miRNAs are novel targets for the action of PDBCs. PURPOSE The aim of this review was to evaluate the current status of PDBCs targeted miRNAs by dissecting their development status through a literature review. METHODS A manual and electronic search was performed for English articles available from inception up to June 2022 reporting PDBCs and their regulating relationship with miRNAs for the therapeutic potential of neurological disorders. Information was retrieved from scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Chemical Abstracts Services. Keywords used for the search engines were "miRNAs" AND "Plant-derived bioactive compounds" in conjunction with "(native weeds OR alien invasive)" AND "traditional herbal medicine". RESULTS A total of 37 articles were retrieved on PDBCs and their related miRNAs in neurological disorders. These PDBCs from traditional herbal medicine may play a therapeutic role in neurological disorders in a variety of mechanisms by regulating the corresponding miRNAs. These mechanisms mainly include inhibiting oxidative stress, anti-neuroinflammation, anti-autophagy, and anti-apoptosis. PDBC are a group of chemically distinct compounds derived from medicinal plants, some of which have therapeutic effects on neurological disorders. CONCLUSION The emergence of miRNAs as pathological regulatory factors provides a new direction for the study of bioactive compounds in Traditional Chinese medicine and the elucidating of their epigenetic effects. Elucidating the regulatory relationship between bioactive compounds and miRNAs may help to identify new therapeutic targets and promoting the application of these compounds in precision medicine through their targeted molecular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Insights on Ferroptosis and Colorectal Cancer: Progress and Updates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010243. [PMID: 36615434 PMCID: PMC9821926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with advanced-stage or treatment-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) benefit less from traditional therapies; hence, new therapeutic strategies may help improve the treatment response and prognosis of these patients. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), distinct from other types of regulated cell death. CRC cells, especially those with drug-resistant properties, are characterized by high iron levels and ROS. This indicates that the induction of ferroptosis in these cells may become a new therapeutic approach for CRC, particularly for eradicating CRC resistant to traditional therapies. Recent studies have demonstrated the mechanisms and pathways that trigger or inhibit ferroptosis in CRC, and many regulatory molecules and pathways have been identified. Here, we review the current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis, new molecules that mediate ferroptosis, including coding and non-coding RNA; novel inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, which are mainly small-molecule compounds; and newly designed nanoparticles that increase the sensitivity of cells to ferroptosis. Finally, the gene signatures and clusters that have predictive value on CRC are summarized.
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An RNA sponge controls quorum sensing dynamics and biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7585. [PMID: 36482060 PMCID: PMC9732341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) acting in concert with the RNA chaperone Hfq are prevalent in many bacteria and typically act by base-pairing with multiple target transcripts. In the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, sRNAs play roles in various processes including antibiotic tolerance, competence, and quorum sensing (QS). Here, we use RIL-seq (RNA-interaction-by-ligation-and-sequencing) to identify Hfq-interacting sRNAs and their targets in V. cholerae. We find hundreds of sRNA-mRNA interactions, as well as RNA duplexes formed between two sRNA regulators. Further analysis of these duplexes identifies an RNA sponge, termed QrrX, that base-pairs with and inactivates the Qrr1-4 sRNAs, which are known to modulate the QS pathway. Transcription of qrrX is activated by QrrT, a previously uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator. Our results indicate that QrrX and QrrT are required for rapid conversion from individual to community behaviours in V. cholerae.
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Peng S, Yi L, Liao L, Bin Y, Qu W, Hu H. Circ_0008285 knockdown represses tumor development by miR-384/RRM2 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100743. [PMID: 35964907 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Circular RNA (circRNA) has attracted extensive attention in studies related to the malignant progression of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, its molecular mechanism in HCC needs to be further explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of circ_0008285, microRNA (miR)-384 and ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was analyzed using cell counting kit-8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. Protein level was detected by western blot. The relationships between miR-384 and circ_0008285 or RRM2 were predicted by bioinformatics software and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. RESULTS Circ_0008285 expression is elevated to HCC tissues and cell lines. Silencing of circ_0008285 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells but accelerated cell apoptosis in vitro and impeded HCC tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, circ_0008285 directly interacted with miR-384, and miR-384 silencing attenuated the effects of circ_0008285 interference on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. RRM2 was a direct target of miR-384, and RRM2 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-384 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. In addition, circ_0008285 regulated RRM2 expression by sponging miR-384. CONCLUSION In this study, circ_0008285 could promote the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells through miR-384/RRM2 axis and has the potential to become a therapeutic target for HCC, providing a new idea for targeted therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Peng
- Department of Infectious, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China
| | - Lai Yi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China
| | - Lingzhi Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China
| | - Yuling Bin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China
| | - Weiming Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China
| | - Hongsai Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Hunan, China.
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Chen H, Li Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000915 promotes propranolol resistance of hemangioma stem cells in infantile haemangiomas. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:43. [PMID: 36167680 PMCID: PMC9513930 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00416-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propranolol is a first-line clinical drug for infantile haemangiomas (IH) therapy. Nevertheless, resistance to propranolol is observed in some patients with IH. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been increasingly reported to act as a pivotal regulator in tumor progression. However, the underlying mechanism of circRNAs in IH remains unclear. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect Circ_0000915, miR-890 and RNF187 expression. Protein levels were determined using western blot. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell proliferation. Caspase-3 activity assay and flow cytometry were conducted to determine cell apoptosis. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to assess the interaction between miR-890 and Circ_0000915 or RNF187. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction between STAT3 and Circ_0000915 promoter. Biotin pull-down assay was used to detect the direct interaction between miR-890 and Circ_0000915. In vivo experiments were performed to measure tumor formation. RESULTS Here, we discovered depletion of Circ_0000915 increased propranolol sensitivity of haemangioma derived stem cells (HemSCs) both in vitro and in vivo, whereas forced expression of Circ_0000915 exhibited opposite effects. Mechanistically, Circ_0000915, transcriptionally induced by IL-6/STAT3 pathway, competed with RNF187 for the biding site in miR-890, led to upregulation of RNF187 by acting as a miR-890 "sponge". Furthermore, silence of miR-890 reversed increased propranolol sensitivity of HemSCs due to Circ_0000915 ablation. Moreover, increased Circ_0000915 and RNF187 levels were observed in IH tissues and positively associated with propranolol resistance, miR-890 exhibited an inverse expression pattern. CONCLUSION We thereby uncover the activation of IL-6/STAT3/Circ_0000915/miR-890/RNF187 axis in propranolol resistance of IH, and provide therapeutic implications for patients of IH with propranolol resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrang Chen
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Knockdown of Long Noncoding RNA 01124 Inhibits the Malignant Behaviors of Colon Cancer Cells via miR-654-5p/HAX-1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1092107. [PMID: 36193129 PMCID: PMC9526654 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1092107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in cancer, including colon cancer (CC). However, the exact role of long noncoding RNA 01124 (LINC01124) in CC and its mechanisms of action remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the functional effects and the possible mechanism of LINC01124 in CC. Methods We first determined the expression of LINC01124 in CC tissues (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database) and cell lines (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)). Functional analysis via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, cell cycle, wound healing and Transwell assays were performed, and a mechanistic experiment was performed with the western blotting. The function of LINC01124 was also determined in vivo using nude BALB/c mice. Results The results showed that LINC01124 was upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Functional studies showed that knockdown of LINC01124 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent mechanistic experiments indicated that LINC01124 acted as a sponge to suppress microRNA 654-5p, which targeted HAX-1. Downregulation of LINC01124 decreased the expression of HAX-1, and overexpression of the miR-654-5p inhibitor attenuated the sh-LINC01124-induced inhibition of CC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion Collectively, this study revealed that the knockdown of LINC01124 inhibited the malignant behaviors of CC via the miR-654-5p/HAX-1 axis, suggesting that LINC01124 might be a therapeutic target for CC treatment.
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Li J, Sun G, Ma H, Wu X, Li C, Ding P, Lu S, Li Y, Yang P, Li C, Yang J, Peng Y, Meng Z, Wang L. Identification of immune-related hub genes and miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in immune infiltration in human septic cardiomyopathy by bioinformatics analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:971543. [PMID: 36204577 PMCID: PMC9530044 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.971543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a serious complication caused by sepsis that will further exacerbate the patient's prognosis. However, immune-related genes (IRGs) and their molecular mechanism during septic cardiomyopathy are largely unknown. Therefore, our study aims to explore the immune-related hub genes (IRHGs) and immune-related miRNA-mRNA pairs with potential biological regulation in SCM by means of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Method Firstly, screen differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) from the dataset GSE79962, and construct a PPI network of DE-mRNAs. Secondly, the hub genes of SCM were identified from the PPI network and the hub genes were overlapped with immune cell marker genes (ICMGs) to further obtain IRHGs in SCM. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also performed in this process to determine the disease diagnostic capability of IRHGs. Finally, the crucial miRNA-IRHG regulatory network of IRHGs was predicted and constructed by bioinformatic methods. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and dataset GSE72380 were used to validate the expression of the key miRNA-IRHG axis. Result The results of immune infiltration showed that neutrophils, Th17 cells, Tfh cells, and central memory cells in SCM had more infiltration than the control group; A total of 2 IRHGs were obtained by crossing the hub gene with the ICMGs, and the IRHGs were validated by dataset and qRT-PCR. Ultimately, we obtained the IRHG in SCM: THBS1. The ROC curve results of THBS1 showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.909. Finally, the miR-222-3p/THBS1 axis regulatory network was constructed. Conclusion In summary, we propose that THBS1 may be a key IRHG, and can serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of SCM; in addition, the immune-related regulatory network miR-222-3p/THBS1 may be involved in the regulation of the pathogenesis of SCM and may serve as a promising candidate for SCM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guihu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haocheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Si Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaguo Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunzhu Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Meng
| | - Luqiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Luqiao Wang
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Versatile tools of synthetic biology applied to drug discovery and production. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1325-1340. [PMID: 35975897 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although synthetic biology is an emerging research field, which has come to prominence within the last decade, it already has many practical applications. Its applications cover the areas of pharmaceutical biotechnology and drug discovery, bringing essential novel methods and strategies such as metabolic engineering, reprogramming the cell fate, drug production in genetically modified organisms, molecular glues, functional nucleic acids and genome editing. This review discusses the main avenues for synthetic biology application in pharmaceutical biotechnology. The authors believe that synthetic biology will reshape drug development and drug production to a similar extent as the advances in organic chemical synthesis in the 20th century. Therefore, synthetic biology already plays an essential role in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, which is the main focus of this review.
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Das N, Sagar A, Bhattacharjee R, Agnihotri AK, Ohri A, Gaur S. Time series forecasting of temperature and turbidity due to global warming in river Ganga at and around Varanasi, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:617. [PMID: 35900701 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The fluctuation in the river ecosystem network due to climate change-induced global warming affects aquatic organisms, water quality, and other ecological processes. Assessment of climate change-induced global warming impacts on regional hydrological processes is vital for effective water resource management and planning. The global warming effect on river water quality has been analyzed in this work. The river Ganga stretch near the Varanasi region has been chosen as the study area for this analysis. The air temperature has been predicted using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and the Prophet model. The Prophet model has shown better accuracy with a root mean square percent error (RMSPE) value of 3.2% compared to the SARIMA model, which has an RMPSE value of 7.54%. The river temperature, turbidity, and nighttime radiance values have been predicted for the years 2022 and 2025 using the long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm. The anthropogenic effect on the river has been evaluated by using the nighttime radiance imageries. The predicted average river temperature shows an increment of 0.58 °C and 0.63 °C for the city and non-city river stretches, respectively, in 2025 compared to 2022. Similarly, the river turbidity shows an increment of 1.21 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and 1.17 NTU for the city and non-city stretch, respectively, in 2025 compared to 2022. For future predicted years, the nighttime radiance values for the region situated near the city river stretch show a significant rise compared to the region that lies nearby the non-city river stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilendu Das
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Avikal Sagar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India
| | - Rajarshi Bhattacharjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Ashwani Kumar Agnihotri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anurag Ohri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shishir Gaur
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
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Marsh CD, Hill RA, Nowak MG, Hankinson E, Abdullah A, Gillingham P, Korstjens AH. Measuring and modelling microclimatic air temperature in a historically degraded tropical forest. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:1283-1295. [PMID: 35357567 PMCID: PMC9132844 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to cause widespread disruptions to global biodiversity. Most climate models are at the macroscale, operating at a ~ 1 km resolution and predicting future temperatures at 1.5-2 m above ground level, making them unable to predict microclimates at the scale that many organisms experience temperature. We studied the effects of forest structure and vertical position on microclimatic air temperature within forest canopy in a historically degraded tropical forest in Sikundur, Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. We collected temperature measurements in fifteen plots over 20 months, alongside vegetation structure data from the same fifteen 25 × 25 m plots. We also performed airborne surveys using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to record canopy structure remotely, both over the plot locations and a wider area. We hypothesised that old-growth forest structure would moderate microclimatic air temperature. Our data showed that Sikundur is a thermally dynamic environment, with simultaneously recorded temperatures at different locations within the canopy varying by up to ~ 15 °C. Our models (R2 = 0.90 to 0.95) showed that temperature differences between data loggers at different sites were largely determined by variation in recording height and the amount of solar radiation reaching the topmost part of the canopy, although strong interactions between these abiotic factors and canopy structure shaped microclimate air temperature variation. The impacts of forest degradation have smaller relative influence on models of microclimatic air temperature than abiotic factors, but the loss of canopy density increases temperature. This may render areas of degraded tropical forests unsuitable for some forest-dwelling species with the advent of future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Marsh
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK.
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Ross A Hill
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Matthew G Nowak
- The PanEco Foundation - Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme, Chileweg 5, Berg Am Irchel, Switzerland
- Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Emma Hankinson
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Abdullah Abdullah
- Department of Biology, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Phillipa Gillingham
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Amanda H Korstjens
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
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Qian M, Shi Y, Lu W. LINC00707 knockdown inhibits IL-1β-induced apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation of osteoarthritis chondrocytes by the miR-330-5p/FSHR axis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:671-681. [PMID: 35536095 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2076241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe disabling condition that causes major health problems. The roles of lncRNAs in regulating OA progression have been increasingly researched. Based on previously published microarray analysis, LINC00707 is upregulated in OA. This research was done to uncover the function of LINC00707 in IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury and its possible mechanisms. METHODS LINC00707, miR-330-5p, and FSHR expression in OA cartilage tissues were assessed by RT-qPCR. Primary chondrocytes were isolated from OA tissues and treated with IL-1β to establish an in vitro OA model. Under the indicated treatment, chondrocyte apoptosis, senescence, ECM degradation, and inflammation were determined using flow cytometry, TUNEL, SA-β-Gal staining, and ELISA experiments, respectively. Interactions between gene were evaluated using Ago2 RIP and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS LINC00707 and FSHR were elevated, and miR-330-5p was reduced in cartilage tissues of OA patients and in IL-1β-treated primary chondrocytes. Silencing LINC00707 hampered chondrocytes apoptosis, senescence, ECM degradation, and inflammation. LINC00707 acted as a ceRNA to regulate FSHR through controlling miR-330-5p availability. Additionally, both miR-330-5p depletion and FSHR overexpression diminished the effects of silencing LINC00707 in OA progression. CONCLUSION Silencing LINC00707 mitigates chondrocyte injury in osteoarthritis via sponging miR-330-5p and inhibiting FSHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Qian
- Department of Traumatology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanxin Shi
- Department of Traumatology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Traumatology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
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Vervaeke P, Borgos SE, Sanders NN, Combes F. Regulatory guidelines and preclinical tools to study the biodistribution of RNA therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 184:114236. [PMID: 35351470 PMCID: PMC8957368 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The success of the messenger RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines of Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech marks the beginning of a new chapter in modern medicine. However, the rapid rise of mRNA therapeutics has resulted in a regulatory framework that is somewhat lagging. The current guidelines either do not apply, do not mention RNA therapeutics, or do not have widely accepted definitions. This review describes the guidelines for preclinical biodistribution studies of mRNA/siRNA therapeutics and highlights the relevant differences for mRNA vaccines. We also discuss the role of in vivo RNA imaging techniques and other assays to fulfill and/or complement the regulatory requirements. Specifically, quantitative whole-body autoradiography, microautoradiography, mass spectrometry-based assays, hybridization techniques (FISH, bDNA), PCR-based methods, in vivo fluorescence imaging, and in vivo bioluminescence imaging, are discussed. We conclude that this new and rapidly evolving class of medicines demands a multi-layered approach to fully understand its biodistribution and in vivo characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vervaeke
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S E Borgos
- SINTEF Industry, Dept. of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Research Group Mass Spectrometry, Sem Sælands v. 2A, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - N N Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - F Combes
- SINTEF Industry, Dept. of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Research Group Mass Spectrometry, Sem Sælands v. 2A, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
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Azlan A, Rajasegaran Y, Kang Zi K, Rosli AA, Yik MY, Yusoff NM, Heidenreich O, Moses EJ. Elucidating miRNA Function in Cancer Biology via the Molecular Genetics' Toolbox. Biomedicines 2022; 10:915. [PMID: 35453665 PMCID: PMC9029477 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of about 18-20 nucleotides in length and are implicated in many cellular processes including proliferation, development, differentiation, apoptosis and cell signaling. Furthermore, it is well known that miRNA expression is frequently dysregulated in many cancers. Therefore, this review will highlight the various mechanisms by which microRNAs are dysregulated in cancer. Further highlights include the abundance of molecular genetics tools that are currently available to study miRNA function as well as their advantages and disadvantages with a special focus on various CRISPR/Cas systems This review provides general workflows and some practical considerations when studying miRNA function thus enabling researchers to make informed decisions in regards to the appropriate molecular genetics tool to be utilized for their experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Azlan
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yaashini Rajasegaran
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Khor Kang Zi
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Aliaa Arina Rosli
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mot Yee Yik
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Narazah Mohd Yusoff
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Prinses Máxima Centrum Voor Kinderoncologie Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Jairaj Moses
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Guo X, Chang X, Wang Z, Jiang C, Wei Z. CircRNAs: promising factors for regulating angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1673-1681. [PMID: 35416599 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The incidence rate of cancer is high. The overall response to traditional treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy is not very satisfactory. Therefore, finding new therapeutic targets is very important for improving CRC treatment. In recent reports, the role of circRNAs in regulating colorectal angiogenesis has been gradually revealed. CircRNAs can indirectly act on angiogenesis pathways and regulate the expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CircRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs formed by pre-mRNAs through exon circular splicing. The covalent closed-loop structure makes these RNAs highly conserved and stable. CircRNAs have been found in human plasma, serum, urine, and other body fluids. Their highly conserved characteristics play important roles in many biological activities. CircRNAs can participate in the progression of many diseases by sponging miRNAs, interacting with proteins, and regulating transcription. Angiogenesis can provide nutrients and oxygen for tumour proliferation and metastasis. Angiogenesis is an important sign of the formation of the tumour microenvironment. Here, we will summarize the role of the latest circRNAs in the mechanism of angiogenesis in CRC and provide potential therapeutic targets for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Guo
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xingyu Chang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zheyuan Wang
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Chenjun Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengang Wei
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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Yang C, Wu S, Mou Z, Zhou Q, Dai X, Ou Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Xu C, Hu Y, Zhang L, Zou L, Jin S, Hu J, Mao S, Jiang H. Exosome-derived circTRPS1 promotes malignant phenotype and CD8+ T cell exhaustion in bladder cancer microenvironments. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1054-1070. [PMID: 35038580 PMCID: PMC8899700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in different diseases. Exosomes are important intermediates of intercellular communication. While both have been widely reported in cancers, exosome-derived circRNAs are rarely studied. In this work, we identified the differently expressed circRNAs in bladder cancer (BCa) tissue and exosomes through high-throughput sequencing. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the interactions between specific circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs. Wound-healing, Transwell, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), and colony-formation assays were used to study the biological roles in vitro. Metabolomics were used to explore the mechanism of how specific circRNAs influenced BCa cell behavior. Flow cytometry was used to study how specific circRNAs affected the function of CD8+ T cells in tumor microenvironments. We identified that exosome-derived hsa_circ_0085361 (circTRPS1) was correlated with aggressive phenotypes of BCa cells via sponging miR-141-3p. Metabolomics and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) identified GLS1-mediated glutamine metabolism was involved in circTRPS1-mediated alterations. Exosomes derived from circTRPS1 knocked down BCa cells, prevented CD8+ T cells from exhaustion, and repressed the malignant phenotype of BCa cells. In conclusion, exosome-derived circTRPS1 from BCa cells can modulate the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance and CD8+ T cell exhaustion via the circTRPS1/miR141-3p/GLS1 axis. Our work may provide a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhong Mou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Dai
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Ou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinan Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujia Zou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengming Jin
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jimeng Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shanhua Mao
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Jovanovic I, Zivkovic M, Jesic S, Stankovic A. Non-coding RNA and cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:60-66. [PMID: 35155784 PMCID: PMC8823169 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholesteatoma is a challenging chronic pathology of the middle ear for which pharmacologic therapies have not been developed yet. Cholesteatoma occurrence depends on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors while master regulators orchestrating disease progression are still unknown. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) as a new class of regulatory molecules. METHODS We have comprehensively reviewed all articles investigating ncRNAs, specifically micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNA/circRNA) in cholesteatoma tissue. RESULTS Candidate miRNA approaches indicated that miR-21 and let-7a are the major miRNAs involved in cholesteatoma growth, migration, proliferation, bone destruction, and apoptosis. Regulatory potential for the same biological processes was also observed for miR-203a. The NF-kB/miR-802/PTEN regulatory network was in relation to observed miR-21 activity in cholesteatoma as well. High throughput approaches revealed additional ncRNAs implicated in cholesteatoma pathology. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) analysis highlighted lncRNA/circRNA that could be "endogenous sponge" for miR-21 and let-7a based on the hypothesis that RNA transcripts can communicate with and regulate each other by using shared miRNA response elements. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize the discoveries and role of ncRNA in major pathways in cholesteatoma and highlight the potential of miRNA-based therapeutics in the treatment of cholesteatoma. Level of Evidence: NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jovanovic
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Maja Zivkovic
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Snezana Jesic
- Medical Faculty BelgradeUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial SurgeryClinical Centre of SerbiaBelgradeSerbia
| | - Aleksandra Stankovic
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of thе Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs of 17-22 nucleotides in length with a critical function in posttranscriptional gene regulation. These master regulators are themselves subject to regulation both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally. Recently, miRNA function has been shown to be modulated by exogenous RNA molecules that function as miRNA sponges. Interestingly, endogenous transcripts such as transcribed pseudogenes, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and mRNAs may serve as natural miRNA sponges. These transcripts, which bind to miRNAs and competitively sequester them away from their targets, are naturally existing endogenous miRNA sponges, called competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Here we present a historical background of miRNAs, exogenous and endogenous miRNA sponges as well as some examples of endogenous miRNA sponges involved in regulatory mechanisms associated with various diseases, developmental stages, and other cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Hale Alkan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bünyamin Akgül
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey.
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40
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Emerging role of microRNAs as novel targets of antidepressants. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 66:102906. [PMID: 34740127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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MicroRNA as a Potential Biomarker and Treatment Strategy for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:9098145. [PMID: 34845433 PMCID: PMC8627352 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9098145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a progressive injury that aggravates the pathological state when the organ tissue restores blood supply after a certain period of ischemia, including the myocardial, brain, liver, kidney, and intestinal. With growing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role as posttranscription gene silencing mediators in many I/R injury, in this review, we highlight the microRNAs that are related to I/R injury and their regulatory molecular pathways. In addition, we discussed the potential role of miRNA as a biomarker and its role as a target in I/R injury treatment. Developing miRNAs are not without its challenges, but prudent design combined with existing clinical treatments will result in more effective therapies for I/R injury. This review is aimed at providing new research results obtained in this research field. It is hoped that new research on this topic will not only generate new insights into the pathophysiology of miRNA in I/R injury but also can provide a basis for the clinical application of miRNA in I/R.
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Małecka EM, Sobańska D, Olejniczak M. Bacterial Chaperone Protein Hfq Facilitates the Annealing of Sponge RNAs to Small Regulatory RNAs. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167291. [PMID: 34624296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) in association with the chaperone protein Hfq regulate the expression of many target mRNAs. Since sRNAs' action is crucial to engendering a response to changing environmental conditions, their activity needs to be regulated. One such mechanism occurs at the post-transcriptional level and involves sponge RNAs, which sequester sRNAs affecting their regulatory output. Both types of RNAs were identified on Hfq, but it is not known how Hfq interacts with RNA sponges and stimulates their base-pairing with sRNAs. Here, we used biochemical methods to demonstrate that sponge RNAs resemble sRNAs by their structure and their modes of Hfq binding. Hfq facilitates the annealing of AgvB and 3'ETSleuZ sponge RNAs to targeted sRNAs: GcvB and RybB, respectively, and each surface of the protein plays a particular role in the process. Moreover, we found that the efficiency of sponge RNA interactions with sRNAs can be improved; therefore, we propose that natural RNA sponges might not sequester sRNAs optimally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina M Małecka
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; T.C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Daria Sobańska
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland. https://twitter.com/SobanskaD
| | - Mikołaj Olejniczak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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The Role of miR-23b in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6473038. [PMID: 34777498 PMCID: PMC8580694 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6473038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Short-stranded miRNAs are single-stranded RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are involved in a variety of cellular physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. miR-23b have been identified to act both as oncogenes and as tumor suppressors. In addition, miR-23b is related to inflammation resistance to various autoimmune diseases and restrained inflammatory cell migration. The characterization of the specific alterations in the patterns of miR-23b expression in cancer and autoimmune disease has great potential for identifying biomarkers for early disease diagnosis, as well as for potential therapeutic intervention in various diseases. In this review, we summarize the ever-expanding role of miR-23b and its target genes in different models and offer insight into how this multifunctional miRNA modulates tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis or inflammatory cell activation, differentiation, and migration.
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Wen X, Du J, Wang X. Circ_0039411 promotes papillary thyroid carcinoma development through mediating the miR-423-5p/SOX4 signaling. Int J Biol Markers 2021; 36:10-20. [PMID: 34738852 DOI: 10.1177/17246008211043128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent histological subtype of thyroid cancer with a high incidence. We aimed to explore the function of circular RNA_0039411 (circ_0039411) and its associated mechanism in papillary thyroid carcinoma progression. METHODS Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were conducted to determine the expression of RNA and protein, respectively. The colony formation ability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed by colony formation assay, transwell migration assay, transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry. Cell glycolytic metabolism was analyzed using fluorescence-based glucose assay kit and fluorescence-based lactate assay kit. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-Pull-Down Assay were performed to validate the binding between microRNA-423-5p (miR-423-5p) and circ_0039411 or SRY-box transcription factor 4 (SOX4). The xenograft tumor model was used to assess the role of circ_0039411 in the tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0039411 was highly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and NTHY-ORI3.1 cells. Circ_0039411 interference suppressed the colony formation ability, migration, invasion, and glycolysis but promoted the apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. MiR-423-5p was a target of circ_0039411 in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Circ_0039411 knockdown-mediated effects in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells were largely overturned by the silence of miR-423-5p. MiR-423-5p bound to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of SOX4. SOX4 overexpression largely reversed circ_0039411 silencing-mediated effects in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Circ_0039411 positively regulated SOX4 expression by sponging miR-423-5p in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Circ_0039411 silencing notably suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION Circ_0039411 promoted the malignant behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells partly depending on the regulation of the miR-423-5p/SOX4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wen
- Department of Otolarygology Head & Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing City, China
| | - Jingyan Du
- Department of Otolarygology Head & Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing City, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Otolarygology Head & Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing City, China
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Yan H, Yao P, Hu K, Li X, Li H. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 promotes high glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cells angiogenesis through regulating micro-ribonucleic acid-624-3p/vascular endothelial growth factor C. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:1948-1957. [PMID: 34137197 PMCID: PMC8565426 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Emerging evidence has indicated that long non-coding ribonucleic acids play important roles in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). It is reported that urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is highly expressed in diabetic lymphoendothelial cells and influences glucose metabolism in rats with DR. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of UCA1 in the mechanism of DR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gene expression analyses in fibrovascular membranes excised from patients with DR using public microarray datasets (GSE60436). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was carried out to detect UCA1, micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-624-3p and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) expressions in the blood of patients and human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs). Furthermore, Cell Counting kit-8, Transwell assay, and tube formation assay were used to identify biological effects of UCA1 on HRECs proliferation, migration ability and angiogenesis in vitro. RESULTS UCA1 and VEGF-C were elevated in DR patients and high glucose-induced HRECs cell lines, whereas miR-624-3p was decreased. UCA1 inhibition inhibited proliferation, angiogenesis and migration of HRECs cells under high-glucose condition. Luciferase reporter assay showed that UCA1 could sponge with miR-624-3p, which could directly target VEGF-C. Finally, we proved a pathway that UCA1 promoted cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis through sponging with miR-624-3p, thereby upregulating VEGF-C in high-glucose-induced HRECs. CONCLUSIONS We identified UCA1 as an important factor associated with DR, which could regulate the expression of VEGF-C by sponging miR-624-3p in human retinal endothelial cells. Our results pave the way for further studies on diagnostic and therapeutic studies related to UCA1 in DR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Yan
- Ophthalmology DepartmentChongqing Yubei District People's HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Panpan Yao
- Department of OphthalmologyChangzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ke Hu
- Ophthalmology Departmentthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xueyao Li
- Ophthalmology DepartmentChongqing Yubei District People's HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Hong Li
- Ophthalmology Departmentthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Xie X, Xiao Y, Xu K. Mechanism underlying circularRNA_014301-mediated regulation of neuronal cell inflammation and apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1432. [PMID: 34707713 PMCID: PMC8543437 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes damage to the spinal cord owing to trauma or disease and myelinated fiber tracts that transmit sensation and motor signals to and from the brain. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered class of regulatory molecules, and their roles in SCI are still unknown. circRNA_014301 was indicated to be differentially expressed in the spinal cord at the site of SCI in a rat model. To analyze the role of circRNA_014301 in SCI, we exposed rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to construct a PC12 cell inflammatory model. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to analyze cell viability. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and ELISA were used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was employed to detect cell apoptosis, and western blotting was performed to detect the expression of apoptotic proteins (Bax/Bcl-2/cleaved caspase-3) and NF-κB. The results demonstrated that LPS induced inflammation in PC12 cells as evidenced by the reduced cell proliferation and enhanced expression of inflammatory and apoptotic factors under increasing LPS concentrations. Western blotting analyses indicated that circRNA_014301 induced the expression of p-NF-κB/NF-κB, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 following LPS-induced inflammation, and this apoptosis-promoting effect was relieved by small interfering-RNA-mediated knockdown of circRNA_014301. Thus, circRNA_014301 silencing alleviated apoptosis and inflammation in PC12 cells. SCI is invariably associated with spinal cord inflammation, and LPS was used to stimulate apoptosis and inflammatory injury in PC12 cells, and create a cell model of SCI. By promoting PC12 cell apoptosis under inflammatory conditions, it was indicated that circRNA_014301 may suppress SCI. Therefore, circRNA_014301 may represent a potential target for SCI diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankuan Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Early life and adult stress promote sex dependent changes in hypothalamic miRNAs and environmental enrichment prevents stress-induced miRNA and gene expression changes in rats. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:701. [PMID: 34583641 PMCID: PMC8480023 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamus plays a key role in the stress response. While early life stress (ELS) increases susceptibility to psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD), acute stress during adulthood can also precipitate MDD after ELS. AIM Here, we tested the expression of miRNAs following ELS and susceptibility to depression-like behavior and whether sex or acute stress exacerbates this response. We also tested whether environmental enrichment (Enr) promotes early life and adult behavioral stress resilience and its effect on hypothalamic miRNA and gene expression. Following rat maternal separation (MS) as an ELS model, Enr from weaning through adulthood, and restraint (RS) as acute adult stress, we tested both animal behavior and miRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Target genes and their enrichment and ontology were analyzed using bioinformatic tools. Target gene expression changes were tested using qPCR, and miRNA promoter methylation was studied using methylated-DNA immunoprecipitation qPCR. RESULTS MS, Enr, RS, and sex altered hypothalamic miRNAs, including several previously reported in MS literature: miRs-29, - 124, - 132, - 144, - 504. Sex had a significant effect on the greatest number of miRNAs. Also, Enr reversed downregulation of miR-29b-1-5p and -301b-3p in MS. qPCR showed that MAPK6 and MMP19, targets of miR-301b-3p, were upregulated in MS and reversed by Enr. Additionally, miR-219a was hypermethylated in MS coinciding with decreased miR-219a expression. CONCLUSIONS This study found that sex plays a critical role in the hypothalamic miRNA response to both ELS and acute stress, with males expressing greater changes following postnatal stress. Moreover, enrichment significantly altered behavior as well as hypothalamic miRNA expression and their gene targets. Because of its role as the initiator of the autonomic stress response and connection to hedonic and motivational behavior, the hypothalamic miRNA landscape may significantly alter both the short and long-term behavioral response to stress.
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Wu YQ, Liu Q, Wang HB, Chen C, Huang H, Sun YM, Ma LH, Wan J, Sun YY, Miao HH. Microarray Analysis Identifies Key Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Aged Mice With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:716383. [PMID: 34483886 PMCID: PMC8415796 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.716383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in elderly patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in POCD in aged mice has not yet been reported. This study aimed to explore the potential circRNAs in a POCD model. First, a circRNA microarray was used to analyze the expression profiles. Differentially expressed circRNAs were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A bioinformatics analysis was then used to construct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. The database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of circRNA-related genes. Moreover, protein-protein interactions were analyzed to predict the circRNA-regulated hub genes using the STRING and molecular complex detection plug-in of Cytoscape. Microarray screen 124 predicted circRNAs in the POCD of aged mice. We found that the up/downregulated circRNAs were involved in multiple signaling pathways. Hub genes, including Egfr and Prkacb, were identified and may be regulated by ceRNA networks. These results suggest that circRNAs are dysexpressed in the hippocampus and may contribute to POCD in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hai-Bi Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Man Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin-Hui Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Wan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yin-Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
CircRNAs are a subclass of lncRNAs that have been found to be abundantly present in a wide range of species, including humans. CircRNAs are generally produced by a noncanonical splicing event called backsplicing that is dependent on the canonical splicing machinery, giving rise to circRNAs classified into three main categories: exonic circRNA, circular intronic RNA, and exon-intron circular RNA. Notably, circRNAs possess functional importance and display their functions through different mechanisms of action including sponging miRNAs, or even being translated into functional proteins. In addition, circRNAs also have great potential as biomarkers, particularly in cancer, thanks to their high stability, tissue type and developmental stage specificity, and their presence in biological fluids, which make them promising candidates as noninvasive biomarkers. In this chapter, we describe the most commonly used techniques for the study of circRNAs as cancer biomarkers, including high-throughput techniques such as RNA-Seq and microarrays, and other methods to analyze the presence of specific circRNAs in patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Solé
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Gartze Mentxaka
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain. .,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Sun B, Cong D, Chen K, Bai Y, Li J. Prognostic value of microRNA-4521 in non-small cell lung cancer and its regulatory effect on tumor progression. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1150-1159. [PMID: 34435140 PMCID: PMC8359906 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in our country. It has been found in many studies that microRNA-4521 (miR-4521) is abnormally expressed and plays a role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and other cancers. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between miR-4521 expression and clinical prognosis, as well as its influence on cell biological behavior. Methods The expression differences of miR-4521 in NSCLC tissues and cells were examined by qRT-PCR technology. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the clinical information and survival status of patients to explore the relationship. Using the vitro cell MTT assay, Transwell assay, and western-blot analysis, the effects of miR-4521 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed. Results The expression of miR-4521 in NSCLC tissues and cells was significantly downregulated. miR-4521 can be used as an independent prognostic factor. The survival rate of the miR-4521 low expression group was lower, which was significantly related to poor prognosis. In addition, the low expression of miR-4521 significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion with highly expressed related protein levels. FOXM1 might be a direct target of miR-4521. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the low expression of miR-4521 indicated the poor prognosis of NSCLC and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Butong Sun
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130031, China
| | - Dan Cong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130031, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130031, China
| | - Yuansong Bai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 of Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130031, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 of Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130031, China
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