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Zhang D, Liu Y, Jiang X, Jiang H, Chen X, Wu X. Comparative proteomics elucidates the potential mechanism of heritable carapace color of three strains Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 48:101119. [PMID: 37625236 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The carapace coloration is important for the environmental adaptation and reproductive behaviors of crustaceans. We selected red, green and white three carapace color strains of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) strains. These three carapace colors have stable heritability, but the mechanism for their coloration remains unclear.Through histological observations, we have found significant differences in the composition of pigment cells and pigments within the inner membrane of the three color strains, which may be one of the reasons for the color variation. The levels of various carotenoids in both the shell and inner membrane tissues of red and green strains were significantly higher than those of the white strain, while there was no significant difference between the red and green strains. Proteomics studies have identified 2, 034 and 947 different proteins in the shell and inner membrane, respectively. In the shell, there were 18, 13 and 43 differential proteins between red and white strains, green and white strains and green and red strains, respectively. In the inner membrane, there were 44, 24 and 16 differential proteins between red and white strains, green and white strains and green and red strains, respectively. It is clear that the deposited quantity of carotenoids affects the shell formation of three color strains. Some members of the hemocyanin family showed significant variation among different strains. The study yielded two crustacyanin proteins, which were extracted from both the shell and membrane. Of the two proteins, only Crustacyanin-A1 expression showed a difference between the red and green shells strains. In conclusion, these results indicated that the carapace color formation of E. sinensis may be accomplished through pigment binding proteins (PBPs) and pigment cells, which enhance the understanding of color formation mechanism for crustacean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaowu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Xugan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Toyota K, Mekuchi M, Akashi H, Miyagawa S, Ohira T. Sexual dimorphic eyestalk transcriptome of kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. Gene 2023; 885:147700. [PMID: 37572801 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus) is a benthic decapod crustacean that is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific region. It is one of the most important fishery resources in Japan, but its annual catches have declined sharply since the 1990s. To increase stocks, various approaches such as seed production and aquaculture were attempted. Since the demand for important fishery species, including kuruma prawn, is expected to increase worldwide in the future, there is a need to develop new technologies that will make aquaculture more efficient. Historically, the eyestalk endocrine organ is known to consist of the X-organ and sinus gland (XO/SG) complex that synthesizes and secrets various neuropeptide hormones that regulate growth, molt, sexual maturation, reproduction, and changes in body color. In the current study, eyestalk-derived neuropeptides were identified in the transcriptome. In addition, most orthologs of sex-determination genes were expressed in eyestalks. We identified two doublesex genes (MjapDsx1 and MjapDsx2) and found that MjapDsx1 showed male-biased expression in the eyestalk ganglion with no sex-specific splicing, unlike insect species. Therefore, this study will provide an opportunity to advance the research of neuropeptides and sex determination in the kuruma prawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Mekuchi
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Hukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akashi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan; Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ohira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan.
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Wei LL, Chen TT, Luo BY, Qiu GF. Evidences for Red Pigment Concentrating Hormone ( RPCH) and Beta-Pigment Dispersing Hormone ( β-PDH) Inducing Oocyte Meiotic Maturation in the Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:802768. [PMID: 34975771 PMCID: PMC8716682 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.802768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) and pigment dispersing hormone (PDH) are crustacean neuropeptides involved in broad physiological processes including body color changes, circadian rhythm, and ovarian growth. In this study, the full-length cDNA of RPCH and PDH were identified from the brain of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The deduced RPCH and PDH mature peptides shared identical sequence to the adipokinetic hormone/RPCH peptides family and the β-PDH isoforms and were designated as Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH, respectively. Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH transcripts were distributed in the brain and eyestalks. The positive signals of Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH were localized in the neuronal clusters 6, 8, 9, 10, and 17 of the brain as revealed by in situ hybridization. The expression level of Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH mRNA in nervous tissues were all significantly increased at vitellogenic stage, and then decreased at the final meiotic maturation stage. The administrated with synthesized Es-RPCH peptide results in germinal vesicles shift toward the plasma membrane in vitellogenic oocyte, and significant decrease of the gonad-somatic index (GSI) and mean oocyte diameter as well as the expression of vitellogenin mRNA at 30 days post injection in vivo. Similar results were also found when injection of the Es-β-PDH peptide. In vitro culture demonstrated that Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH induced germinal vesicle breakdown of the late vitellogenic oocytes. Comparative ovarian transcriptome analysis indicated that some reproduction/meiosis-related genes such as cdc2 kinase, cyclin B, 5-HT-R and retinoid-X receptor were significantly upregulated in response to Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH treatments. Taken together, these results provided the evidence for the inductive effect of Es-RPCH and Es-β-PDH on the oocyte meiotic maturation in E. sinensis.
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Tsutsui N, Kobayashi Y, Izumikawa K, Sakamoto T. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Kuruma Prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus Reveals Possible Peripheral Regulation of the Ovary. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:541. [PMID: 32973675 PMCID: PMC7466434 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustacean reproduction has been hypothesized to be under complex endocrinological regulation by peptide hormones. To further improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this complex regulation, knowledge is needed regarding the hormones not only of the central nervous system (CNS) such as the X-organ/sinus gland (XOSG), brain, and thoracic ganglia, but also the peripheral gonadal tissues. For example, in vertebrates, some gonadal peptide hormones including activin, inhibin, follistatin, and relaxin are known to be involved in the reproductive physiology. Therefore, it is highly likely that some peptide factors from the ovary are serving as the signals among peripheral tissues and central nervous tissues in crustaceans. In this work, we sought to find gonadal peptide hormones and peptide hormone receptors by analyzing the transcriptome of the ovary of the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. The generated ovarian transcriptome data led to the identification of five possible peptide hormones, including bursicon-α and -β, the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH)-like peptide, insulin-like peptide (ILP), and neuroparsin-like peptide (NPLP). Dominant gene expressions for the bursicons were observed in the thoracic ganglia and the ovary, in the CNS for the CHH-like peptide, in the heart for NPLP, and in the ovary for ILP. Since the gene expressions of CHH-like peptide and NPLP were affected by a CHH (Penaeus japonicus sinus gland peptide-I) from XOSG, we produced recombinant peptides for CHH-like peptide and NPLP using Escherichia coli expression system to examine their possible peripheral regulation. As a result, we found that the recombinant NPLP increased vitellogenin gene expression in incubated ovarian tissue fragments. Moreover, contigs encoding putative receptors for insulin-like androgenic gland factor, insulin, neuroparsin, and neuropeptide Y/F, as well as several contigs encoding orphan G-protein coupled receptors and receptor-type guanylyl cyclases were also identified in the ovarian transcriptome. These results suggest that reproductive physiology in crustaceans is regulated by various gonadal peptide hormones, akin to vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Tsutsui
- Department of Marine Bioresources, Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University, Setouchi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Naoaki Tsutsui
| | - Yasuhisa Kobayashi
- Faculty of Science, Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University, Setouchi, Japan
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kouichi Izumikawa
- Research Institute for Fisheries Science, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Setouchi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sakamoto
- Faculty of Science, Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University, Setouchi, Japan
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Martin C, Hering L, Metzendorf N, Hormann S, Kasten S, Fuhrmann S, Werckenthin A, Herberg FW, Stengl M, Mayer G. Analysis of Pigment-Dispersing Factor Neuropeptides and Their Receptor in a Velvet Worm. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:273. [PMID: 32477266 PMCID: PMC7235175 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigment-dispersing factor neuropeptides (PDFs) occur in a wide range of protostomes including ecdysozoans (= molting animals) and lophotrochozoans (mollusks, annelids, flatworms, and allies). Studies in insects revealed that PDFs play a role as coupling factors of circadian pacemaker cells, thereby controlling rest-activity rhythms. While the last common ancestor of protostomes most likely possessed only one pdf gene, two pdf homologs, pdf-I and pdf-II, might have been present in the last common ancestors of Ecdysozoa and Panarthropoda (Onychophora + Tardigrada + Arthropoda). One of these homologs, however, was subsequently lost in the tardigrade and arthropod lineages followed by independent duplications of pdf-I in tardigrades and decapod crustaceans. Due to the ancestral set of two pdf genes, the study of PDFs and their receptor (PDFR) in Onychophora might reveal the ancient organization and function of the PDF/PDFR system in panarthropods. Therefore, we deorphanized the PDF receptor and generated specific antibodies to localize the two PDF peptides and their receptor in the onychophoran Euperipatoides rowelli. We further conducted bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) experiments on cultured human cells (HEK293T) using an Epac-based sensor (Epac-L) to examine cAMP responses in transfected cells and to reveal potential differences in the interaction of PDF-I and PDF-II with PDFR from E. rowelli. These data show that PDF-II has a tenfold higher potency than PDF-I as an activating ligand. Double immunolabeling revealed that both peptides are co-expressed in E. rowelli but their respective levels of expression differ between specific cells: some neurons express the same amount of both peptides, while others exhibit higher levels of either PDF-I or PDF-II. The detection of the onychophoran PDF receptor in cells that additionally express the two PDF peptides suggests autoreception, whereas spatial separation of PDFR- and PDF-expressing cells supports hormonal release of PDF into the hemolymph. This suggests a dual role of PDF peptides-as hormones and as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators-in Onychophora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Martin
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Lars Hering
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Niklas Metzendorf
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Sarah Hormann
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Sonja Kasten
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Sonja Fuhrmann
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Achim Werckenthin
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Friedrich W. Herberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Monika Stengl
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Georg Mayer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Georg Mayer
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6
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Transcriptome analysis of the brain of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, for neuropeptide abundance profiles during ovarian development. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 201:63-70. [PMID: 30594327 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides, important messenger molecules, regulate various physiological processes, such as growth, development, and reproduction. In the present study, cDNA libraries from brains of E. sinensis were constructed and sequenced using the Illumina technique for transcript analysis and neuropeptides discovery. There were 233,887 transcripts assembled for 194,286 unigenes. According to the annotations of NCBI non-redundant protein (NR) database, 2487 (11.31%) unigenes were annotated successfully. In total, 1273 transcripts were assigned to the "signal transduction mechanisms" category using KOG analysis. The results of KEGG indicate signal transduction and translation pathways were the dominant and enriched signal pathways. Additionally, results indicated C2H2 was the main transcription factor (TF) family. Analysis of the assembled transcripts indicated there were 22 neuropeptide transcripts, such as allatostatin, crustacean female sex hormone, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone, diuretic hormone 31, and eclosion hormone. The detection of these neuropeptides provide for a basic understanding for future study of functions in development, reproduction, and sexual maturation in crustaceans.
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7
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Granneman JG, Kimler VA, Zhang H, Ye X, Luo X, Postlethwait JH, Thummel R. Lipid droplet biology and evolution illuminated by the characterization of a novel perilipin in teleost fish. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28244868 PMCID: PMC5342826 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilipin (PLIN) proteins constitute an ancient family important in lipid droplet (LD) formation and triglyceride metabolism. We identified an additional PLIN clade (plin6) that is unique to teleosts and can be traced to the two whole genome duplications that occurred early in vertebrate evolution. Plin6 is highly expressed in skin xanthophores, which mediate red/yellow pigmentation and trafficking, but not in tissues associated with lipid metabolism. Biochemical and immunochemical analyses demonstrate that zebrafish Plin6 protein targets the surface of pigment-containing carotenoid droplets (CD). Protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which mediates CD dispersion in xanthophores, phosphorylates Plin6 on conserved residues. Knockout of plin6 in zebrafish severely impairs the ability of CD to concentrate carotenoids and prevents tight clustering of CD within carotenoid bodies. Ultrastructural and functional analyses indicate that LD and CD are homologous structures, and that Plin6 was functionalized early in vertebrate evolution for concentrating and trafficking pigment. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21771.001
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Granneman
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - Vickie A Kimler
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - Huamei Zhang
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - Xiangqun Ye
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - Xixia Luo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - John H Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | - Ryan Thummel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
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Mayer G, Hering L, Stosch JM, Stevenson PA, Dircksen H. Evolution of pigment-dispersing factor neuropeptides in panarthropoda: Insights from onychophora (velvet worms) and tardigrada (water bears). J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:1865-85. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Mayer
- Animal Evolution and Development; Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig; D-04103 Leipzig Germany
- Department of Zoology; Institute of Biology, University of Kassel; D-34132 Kassel Germany
| | - Lars Hering
- Animal Evolution and Development; Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig; D-04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Juliane M. Stosch
- Animal Evolution and Development; Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig; D-04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Paul A. Stevenson
- Physiology of Animals and Behavior; Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig; D-04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Heinrich Dircksen
- Department of Zoology; Stockholm University; S-10691 Stockholm Sweden
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Huang X, Ye H, Huang H, Yu K, Huang Y. Two beta-pigment-dispersing hormone (β-PDH) isoforms in the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain: implication for regulation of ovarian maturation and a photoperiod-related daily rhythmicity. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 150:139-47. [PMID: 25262380 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In crustaceans, the neuropeptide pigment dispersing hormone (PDH), including α- and β-PDH, is mainly involved in color changes related to the dispersion of integumental pigments and shielding pigments in the compound eye. In this study, we cloned two β-PDH isoforms in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain (termed Sp-β-PDH-I and II, respectively). The tissue distribution analysis in the females showed that Sp-β-PDH-I was mainly expressed in the eyestalk and to a much lesser extent in the brain, thoracic ganglion and ovary; however, Sp-β-PDH-II was exclusively distributed in the eyestalk. From there, we detected Sp-β-PDHs expression levels in the eyestalks (for Sp-β-PDH-I and II) and ovaries (for Sp-β-PDH-I) at different stages of ovarian development. The expression of Sp-β-PDH-I was consistent between the eyestalk and ovary; it maintained high levels from the pre-vitellogenic stage to the vitellogenic stage and then decreased significantly during the mature stage. By contrast, Sp-β-PDH-II expression levels were high only during the vitellogenic stage and significantly lower during the pre-vitellogenic and mature stages. Additionally daily expression analysis of the first stage crabs during the 24-h period showed that the expression level of Sp-β-PDH-II had an obvious daily rhythmicity and bright light could inhibit Sp-β-PDHs expressions. Moreover, photoresponses of Sp-β-PDHs further indicated that the daily rhythmicity was closely regulated by photoperiods. The combined results suggested for the first time that PDH is involved in regulating ovarian maturation in crustaceans and that a photoperiod-related daily rhythmicity of PDH exists in the juvenile crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Huiyang Huang
- Center for Marine Biotechnology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yiyue Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Kornthong N, Chotwiwatthanakun C, Chansela P, Tinikul Y, Cummins SF, Hanna PJ, Sobhon P. Characterization of red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) in the female mud crab (Scylla olivacea) and the effect of 5-HT on its expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 185:28-36. [PMID: 23376531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) is a member of the chromatophorotropic hormones and, in crustaceans, it is synthesized in the eyestalk. We have isolated a full-length cDNA for a RPCH preprohormone gene (Scyol-RPCH) from the eyestalks of female mud crabs, Scylla olivacea. The open reading frame consists of 642 nucleotides, and encodes a deduced 108 amino acid precursor protein, which includes a signal peptide, the RPCH (pQLNFSPGWamide), and an associated peptide. We show that the mud crab RPCH peptide exhibits 100% identity with 15 other decapods. Expression of Scyol-RPCH within adult mud crab takes place in the eyestalk, brain, and ventral nerve cord, comprising subesophageal ganglion, thoracic ganglion, and abdominal ganglion. In situ hybridization demonstrates specific expression within neuronal clusters 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the eyestalk X-organ, clusters 6, 8, 9, 10, and 17 of the brain, and in neuronal clusters of the ventral nerve cord. We found that administration of 5-HT up-regulates RPCH gene expression in the eyestalk, suggesting that RPCH may play a role as a downstream hormone of 5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napamanee Kornthong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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11
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Meelkop E, Marco HG, Janssen T, Temmerman L, Vanhove MPM, Schoofs L. A structural and functional comparison of nematode and crustacean PDH-like sequences. Peptides 2012; 34:74-81. [PMID: 22115566 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of the whole genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans allowed for the identification of ortholog genes belonging to the pigment dispersing hormone/factor (PDH/PDF) peptide family. Members of this peptide family are known from crustaceans, insects and nematodes and seem to exist exclusively in ecdysozoans where they play a role in different processes, ranging from the dispersion of integumental and eye (retinal) pigments in decapod crustaceans to circadian rhythms in insects and locomotion in C. elegans. Two pdf genes (pdf-1 and pdf-2) encoding three different peptides: PDF-1a, PDF-1b and PDF-2 have been identified in C. elegans. These three C. elegans PDH-like peptides are similar but not identical in primary structure to PDHs from decapod crustaceans. We investigate whether this divergence has an influence on the pigment dispersing function of the peptides in a decapod crustacean, namely the shrimp Palaemon pacificus. We show that C. elegans PDF-1a and b peptides display cross-functional activity by dispersing pigments in the epithelium of P. pacificus at physiological doses. Moreover, by means of a comparative amino acid sequence analysis of nematode and crustacean PDH-like peptides, we can pinpoint several potentially important residues for eliciting pigment dispersing activity in decapod crustaceans. Although there is no sequence information on a receptor for PDH in decapod crustaceans, we postulate that there is general conservation of the PDH/PDF signaling system based on structural similarities of precursor proteins and receptors (including those from a branchiopod crustacean and from C. elegans).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Meelkop
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics, K.U. Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Leuven, Belgium.
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Beckwith EJ, Lelito KR, Hsu YWA, Medina BM, Shafer O, Ceriani MF, de la Iglesia HO. Functional Conservation of Clock Output Signaling between Flies and Intertidal Crabs. J Biol Rhythms 2011; 26:518-29. [DOI: 10.1177/0748730411420242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intertidal species have both circadian and circatidal clocks. Although the behavioral evidence for these oscillators is more than 5 decades old, virtually nothing is known about their molecular clockwork. Pigment-dispersing hormones (PDHs) were originally described in crustaceans. Their insect homologs, pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs), have a prominent role as clock output and synchronizing signals released from clock neurons. We show that gene duplication in crabs has led to two PDH genes (β -pdh-I and β -pdh-II). Phylogenetically, β -pdh-I is more closely related to insect pdf than to β -pdh-II, and we hypothesized that β-PDH-I may represent a canonical clock output signal. Accordingly, β-PDH-I expression in the brain of the intertidal crab Cancer productus is similar to that of PDF in Drosophila melanogaster, and neurons that express PDH-I also show CYCLE-like immunoreactivity. Using D. melanogaster pdf-null mutants ( pdf01) as a heterologous system, we show that β -pdh-I is indistinguishable from pdf in its ability to rescue the mutant arrhythmic phenotype, but β -pdh-II fails to restore the wild-type phenotype. Application of the three peptides to explanted brains shows that PDF and β-PDH-I are equally effective in inducing the signal transduction cascade of the PDF receptor, but β-PDH-II fails to induce a normal cascade. Our results represent the first functional characterization of a putative molecular clock output in an intertidal species and may provide a critical step towards the characterization of molecular components of biological clocks in intertidal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban J. Beckwith
- Laboratorio de Genética del Comportamiento,Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIB-BA CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Katherine R. Lelito
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yun-Wei A. Hsu
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Billie M. Medina
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Orie Shafer
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M. Fernanda Ceriani
- Laboratorio de Genética del Comportamiento,Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIB-BA CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Strauß J, Zhang Q, Verleyen P, Huybrechts J, Neupert S, Predel R, Pauwels K, Dircksen H. Pigment-dispersing hormone in Daphnia interneurons, one type homologous to insect clock neurons displaying circadian rhythmicity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:3403-23. [PMID: 21365282 PMCID: PMC11115014 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We report identification of a beta-type pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) identical in two water flea species, Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. It has been identified by cloning of precursors, chromatographic isolation from tissue extracts followed by immunoassays and de novo-mass spectrometric sequencing. The peptide is restricted to a complex system of distinct interneurons in the brain and visual ganglia, but does not occur in neurosecretory cells projecting to neurohemal organs as in decapod crustaceans. Thirteen neuron types individually identified and reconstructed by immunohistochemistry were almost identical in terms of positions and projection patterns in both species. Several neurons invade and form plexuses in visual ganglia and major brain neuropils including the central body. Five neuron types show contralateral pathways and form plexuses in the lateral, dorsal, or postlateral brain neuropils. Others are local interneurons, and a tritocerebral neuron connects the protocerebrum with the neuropil of the locomotory second antenna. Two visual ganglia neuron types lateral to the medulla closely resemble insect medulla lateral circadian clock neurons containing pigment-dispersing factor based upon positional and projectional criteria. Experiments under 12:12 h light/dark cycles and constant light or darkness conditions showed significant circadian changes in numbers and activities of one type of medulla lateral PDH neuron with an acrophase in the evening. This simple PDH system shows striking homologies to PDH systems in decapod crustaceans and well-known clock neurons in several insects, which suggests evolutionary conservation of an ancient peptidergic interneuronal system that is part of biological clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Strauß
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18A, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qian Zhang
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Institute of Anatomy II, J.-W. Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Susanne Neupert
- Institute of General Zoology and Animal Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Predel
- Institute of General Zoology and Animal Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Kevin Pauwels
- Department of Biology, K. U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heinrich Dircksen
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18A, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Wilcockson DC, Zhang L, Hastings MH, Kyriacou CP, Webster SG. A novel form of pigment-dispersing hormone in the central nervous system of the intertidal marine isopod, Eurydice pulchra (leach). J Comp Neurol 2010; 519:562-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Fouda MMA, Hiragaki S, Tufail M, Shao QM, Takeda M. Precursor structure, distribution and possible functions of pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 56:1728-1737. [PMID: 20637211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) is an 18 amino acid neuropeptide that induces pigment migration in Decapoda and serves as a circadian neurotransmitter in the locomotor activity rhythm in Drosophila. In this study, a cDNA encoding PDH was cloned from adult brains of the pill bug, Armadillidium vulgare (Av). The cDNA comprising 529 bp encodes a peptide (AvPDH) that consists of a putative 26 amino acid signal peptide, and a 34 amino acid PDH-precursor-related peptide containing an 18 amino acid mature peptide. The peptide shows a high sequence identity (55-77%) to crustacean β-PDHs and insect PDFs. The tissue-specific expression pattern was examined by reverse transcription PCR. The transcript is expressed in the brain strongly and ventral nerve cord weakly, but the signal was not detected in the intestinal tract. A similar expression profile appeared in Western blot analyses. Western blot analyses with timed samples showed more intense expression of PDH-like antigen at night. PDH-like immunohistochemical reactivity (PDH-ir) was detected in the optic lobe, anteromedian protocerebrum, accessory lobe, tritocerebrum, and suboesophageal ganglion but the reactivity was faint or nil in the pseudofrontal organ (sinus gland). These results were substantiated by in situ hybridization. Co-localization using anti-Gryllus bimaculatus (Gb)-PDF, anti-Bombyx mori (Bm)-CLK, and anti-Bm-CYC showed a co-localization of these antigens in the optic lobe and SOG. The results provide the first structural and immunocytochemical identification of PDH neurons in terrestrial isopods, and the co-localization of PDH with CLK and CYC supports its possible involvement in circadian clock. A day/night rhythm of PDH content is also a new feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Mohamed Ali Fouda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657 8501, Japan.
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Christie AE, Stemmler EA, Dickinson PS. Crustacean neuropeptides. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:4135-69. [PMID: 20725764 PMCID: PMC11115526 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Crustaceans have long been used for peptide research. For example, the process of neurosecretion was first formally demonstrated in the crustacean X-organ-sinus gland system, and the first fully characterized invertebrate neuropeptide was from a shrimp. Moreover, the crustacean stomatogastric and cardiac nervous systems have long served as models for understanding the general principles governing neural circuit functioning, including modulation by peptides. Here, we review the basic biology of crustacean neuropeptides, discuss methodologies currently driving their discovery, provide an overview of the known families, and summarize recent data on their control of physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Christie
- Program in Neuroscience, John W. and Jean C. Boylan Center for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Old Bar Harbor Road, P.O. Box 35, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA.
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17
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Meelkop E, Temmerman L, Schoofs L, Janssen T. Signalling through pigment dispersing hormone-like peptides in invertebrates. Prog Neurobiol 2010; 93:125-47. [PMID: 21040756 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During recent decades, several research teams engaged in unraveling the molecular structure and the physiological significance of pigment dispersing hormone-like peptides, particularly with respect to colour change and biological rhythms. In this review, we first summarise the entire history of pigment dispersing hormone-like peptide research, thus providing a stepping stone for those who are curious about this growing area of interest. Next, we try to bring order in the plethora of experimental data on the molecular structure of the various peptides and receptors and also discuss immunolocalization, time-related expression and suggested functions in crustaceans, insects and nematodes. In addition, a brief comparison with the vertebrate system is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Meelkop
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Zoological Institute, K.U. Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Zralá J, Kodrík D, Zahradnícková H, Zemek R, Socha R. A novel function of red pigment-concentrating hormone in crustaceans: Porcellio scaber (Isopoda) as a model species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 166:330-6. [PMID: 19925802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The RP HPLC and LC/MS QTOF analyses of the methanolic CNS extract from isopod crustacean the woodlouse, Porcellio scaber revealed a presence of the red pigment-concentrating hormone (Panbo-RPCH) in this species. It has been shown that this neuropeptide plays a role in mobilization of energy stores: topical treatments of P. scaber individuals by Panbo-RPCH in a concentration 20 pmol/microl increased the level of glucose in haemolymph about 4 times, while the level of trehalose was only doubled. The results demonstrated that glucose was the main carbohydrate mobilized by the Panbo-RPCH treatment: glucose was responsible for about 97% of total carbohydrate increasing. Despite the demonstration of hyperglycaemic activity of Panbo-RPCH, no stimulatory effect of this hormone on the locomotory activity of P. scaber was observed. The present study is the first discovery of an occurrence of Panbo-RPCH and its hyperglycaemic activity in the representative of the isopod crustaceans. The relationship of the function of Panbo-RPCH in P. scaber to the role of this neuropeptide and adipokinetic hormones in insects is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zralá
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences, Branisovská 31, 370 05 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Janssen T, Husson SJ, Meelkop E, Temmerman L, Lindemans M, Verstraelen K, Rademakers S, Mertens I, Nitabach M, Jansen G, Schoofs L. Discovery and characterization of a conserved pigment dispersing factor-like neuropeptide pathway inCaenorhabditis elegans. J Neurochem 2009; 111:228-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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HELFRICH-FÖRSTER C. Neuropeptide PDF plays multiple roles in the circadian clock ofDrosophila melanogaster. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2009.00408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Gäde G. Peptides of the Adipokinetic Hormone/Red Pigment-Concentrating Hormone Family. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1163:125-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Melatonin does not affect the black pigment migration in the crab Neohelice granulata. Biologia (Bratisl) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-009-0016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Pyruvoyl, a novel amino protecting group on the solid phase peptide synthesis and the peptide condensation reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Katayama H, Hojo H, Ohira T, Nakahara Y. An efficient peptide ligation using azido-protected peptides via the thioester method. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Honda T, Matsushima A, Sumida K, Chuman Y, Sakaguchi K, Onoue H, Meinertzhagen IA, Shimohigashi Y, Shimohigashi M. Structural isoforms of the circadian neuropeptide PDF expressed in the optic lobes of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus: immunocytochemical evidence from specific monoclonal antibodies. J Comp Neurol 2006; 499:404-21. [PMID: 16998911 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) is an 18-mer peptide that acts as a principal neurotransmitter of the insect circadian clock. Our previous study, utilizing anti-Uca beta-PDH polyclonal antibody (pAb) to immunolabel the optic lobe of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, suggested the existence of an alternative PDF-like peptide in the outer cells of the first neuropile, or lamina (La), which were much less immunoreactive than the inner cells of the second neuropile, the medulla (Me). To obtain structural information about such a PDF-like peptide, we prepared 10 anti-Gryllus PDF monoclonal (mAb) and pAb antibodies and analyzed their detailed epitope specificities. The PDFMe and PDFLa inner cells and their axonal projections were clearly immunoreactive to all these antibodies, revealing the widespread immunocytochemical organization of the PDF system in the optic lobe, as seen previously with anti-Uca beta-PDH pAb and anti-Gryllus PDF mAb, the epitope structures of which were also clarified in this study. The lamina outer cells, which we found lacked a target pdf mRNA, displayed specific immunoreactivities, indicating that the cells contain a distinct PDF-like peptide possessing both N- and C-terminal structures. These cells were not immunolabeled by some other monoclonal antibodies, however, implying that the PDFLa outer cells have a PDF isoform peptide devoid of Asn at positions 6 and 16. This isoform was also identified in a varicose arborization in the lamina. These results suggest not only the structure of the peptide, but also the possibility of additional functions of this novel PDF isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Honda
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty and Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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26
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Stemmler EA, Gardner NP, Guiney ME, Bruns EA, Dickinson PS. The detection of red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH) in crustacean eyestalk tissues using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform mass spectrometry: [M + Na]+ ion formation in dried droplet tissue preparations. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2006; 41:295-311. [PMID: 16421875 DOI: 10.1002/jms.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH), an octapeptide found in crustaceans and insects with the sequence pGlu-Leu-Asn-Phe-Ser-Pro-Gly-Trp-NH2, is an N- and C-terminally blocked uncharged peptide. These structural features are shared with many members of the larger adipokinetic hormone (AKH)/RPCH peptide family in insects. We have applied vacuum UV matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FTMS) to the direct analysis of crustacean sinus gland tissues, using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) as the MALDI matrix, and have found that RPCH is detected in the cationized, [M + Na]+, form under conditions where other peptides in the direct tissue spectra are protonated without accompanying [M + Na]+ or [M + K]+ satellite peaks. The [M + H]+ ion for RPCH is not detected in tissue samples or for an RPCH standard, even when care is taken to eliminate metal ions. This behavior is not unprecedented; however, both direct tissue spectra and SORI-CID spectra provide no clues to suggest that the ionizing agent is a metal cation. In this communication, we characterize the MALDI-FTMS ionization and SORI-CID mass spectra of the [M + Na]+ and [M + K]+ ions from RPCH, and report on the detection of this neuropeptide in sinus gland tissues from the lobster Homarus americanus and the kelp crab Pugettia producta. We describe two strategies, an on-probe extraction procedure and a salt-doping approach, that can be applied to previously analyzed MALDI tissue samples to enhance and unmask sodiated peptides that may otherwise be mistaken for novel neuropeptides.
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27
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Granato FC, Tironi TS, Maciel FE, Rosa CE, Vargas MA, Nery LEM. Circadian rhythm of pigment migration induced by chromatrophorotropins in melanophores of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2005; 138:313-9. [PMID: 15313485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 04/22/2004] [Accepted: 04/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm of black pigment migration of melanophores of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata and the variation in responsiveness of these cells to pigment-dispersing hormone (beta-PDH), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), and red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH) were investigated. Melanophores of C. granulata possess an endogenous circadian rhythm of pigment migration, with black pigments staying more dispersed during the day period and more aggregated during the night period. This rhythm seems to be largely dependent on an endogenous release of neurohormones from eyestalks, and to a lesser extent on a primary response to illumination. beta-PDH was the most potent PDH isoform to induce pigment dispersion in both in vivo (EC50 = 0.4 pmol/animal) and in vitro (EC50 = 0.18 microM) assays. CCAP also induced pigment dispersion in vivo and in vitro assays (EC50 = 12 microM), but it was less potent than beta-PDH. In vivo, RPCH induced a low and nondose-dependent pigment aggregation, while in vitro, it had no effect on pigment migration. The responsiveness of melanophores of C. granulata to beta-PDH was significantly higher during the day period when compared to the night period in both assays, in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the endogenous circadian rhythm of black pigment migration is dependent on both endogenous circadian rhythm of beta-PDH synthesis and/or release from eyestalks and on an endogenous rhythm of responsiveness of melanophores to beta-PDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Cristina Granato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900 Brazil
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28
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Matsushima A, Sato S, Chuman Y, Takeda Y, Yokotani S, Nose T, Tominaga Y, Shimohigashi M, Shimohigashi Y. cDNA cloning of the housefly pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) precursor protein and its peptide comparison among the insect circadian neuropeptides. J Pept Sci 2004; 10:82-91. [PMID: 14994986 DOI: 10.1002/psc.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF), an 18-amino acid neuropeptide, is a principal circadian neurotransmitter for the circadian rhythms of the locomotor activity in flies. Recently, two completely different types of PDF precursor were clarified; that of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus and that of the last-summer cicada Meimuna opalifera. The G. bimaculatus PDF precursor is extraordinarily short and comprises a nuclear localization signal (NLS), while the M. opalifera PDF precursor is of ordinary length, comparable to that seen for the precursors of crustacean beta-PDH homologues. Although their PDF peptide regions were exactly the same, the regions containing a signal peptide combined with a PDF-associated peptide (PAP) were remarkably different from each other. Such a grouping suggested a fundamental role for the PAP peptide in the circadian clock, perhaps associated with PDF function. In the present study, the cDNA cloning of PDF from the adult brains of the housefly Musca domestica was carried out and it was found that an isolated clone (527 bp) encodes a PDF precursor protein of ordinary length. The PDF peptide shows a high sequence identity (78%-94%) and similarity (89%-100%) to insect PDFs and also to the crustacean beta-PDH peptides. In particular, there is only a single amino acid difference between the PDFs of Musca and Drosophila; at position 14 Ser for Musca PDF and Asn for Drosophila PDF. A characteristic Ser10 in Drosophila was retained in Musca, indicating the presence of a structural profile unique to these PDFs. The results of sequence analyses suggest that Musca and Drosophila PDFs are to be considered members of a single group that has evolved structurally. When the primary structure of the PAP regions was compared, the Musca PDF precursor also belonged to the same group as that to which the Drosophila PDF precursor belongs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayami Matsushima
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty and Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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29
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Christie AE, Cain SD, Edwards JM, Clason TA, Cherny E, Lin M, Manhas AS, Sellereit KL, Cowan NG, Nold KA, Strassburg HP, Graubard K. The anterior cardiac plexus: an intrinsic neurosecretory site within the stomatogastric nervous system of the crab Cancer productus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 207:1163-82. [PMID: 14978058 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) of decapod crustaceans is modulated by both locally released and circulating substances. In some species, including chelate lobsters and freshwater crayfish, the release zones for hormones are located both intrinsically to and at some distance from the STNS. In other crustaceans, including Brachyuran crabs, the existence of extrinsic sites is well documented. Little, however, is known about the presence of intrinsic neuroendocrine structures in these animals. Putative intrinsic sites have been identified within the STNS of several crab species, though ultrastructural confirmation that these structures are in fact neuroendocrine in nature remains lacking. Using a combination of anatomical techniques, we demonstrate the existence of a pair of neurosecretory sites within the STNS of the crab Cancer productus. These structures, which we have named the anterior cardiac plexi (ACPs), are located on the anterior cardiac nerves (acns), which overlie the cardiac sac region of the foregut. Each ACP starts several hundred micro m from the origin of the acn and extends distally for up to several mm. Transmission electron microscopy done on these structures shows that nerve terminals are present in the peripheral portion of each acn, just below a well defined epineurium. These terminals contain dense-core and, occasionally, electron-lucent vesicles. In many terminals, morphological correlates of hormone secretion are evident. Immunocytochemistry shows that the ACPs are immunopositive for FLRFamide-related peptide. All FLRFamide labeling in the ACPs originates from four axons, which descend to these sites through the superior oesophageal and stomatogastric nerves. Moreover, these FLRFamide-immunopositive axons are the sole source of innervation to the ACPs. Collectively, our results suggest that the STNS of C. productus is not only a potential target site for circulating hormones, but also serves as a neuroendocrine release center itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Christie
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, Washington 98195-1800 USA.
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Bulau P, Meisen I, Schmitz T, Keller R, Peter-Katalinić J. Identification of Neuropeptides from the Sinus Gland of the Crayfish Orconectes limosus Using Nanoscale On-line Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2004; 3:558-64. [PMID: 14981133 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m300076-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, a novel and sensitive analytical strategy for direct characterization of neuropeptides from the X-Organ-sinus gland neurosecretory system of the crayfish Orconectes limosus is presented. A desalted extract corresponding to 0.5 sinus gland equivalents was analyzed in a nanoflow liquid chromatography system coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-QTOF MS/MS). The existence and structural identity of four crustacean hyperglycemic hormone precursor-related peptide variants and two new genetic variants of the pigment-dispersing hormone, not detected by conventional chromatographic systems, molecular cloning, or immunochemical methods before, was revealed. The here-presented approach of the combined LC-QTOF MS/MS technique is a powerful tool to discover new peptide hormones in biological systems, due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bulau
- Institute for Zoophysiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Rao KR. Crustacean Pigmentary-Effector Hormones: Chemistry and Functions of RPCH, PDH, and Related Peptides1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1668/0003-1569(2001)041[0364:cpehca]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rao KR. Crustacean Pigmentary-Effector Hormones: Chemistry and Functions of RPCH, PDH, and Related Peptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/41.3.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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