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Lemmens TP, Bröker V, Rijpkema M, Hughes CCW, Schurgers LJ, Cosemans JMEM. Fundamental considerations for designing endothelialized in vitro models of thrombosis. Thromb Res 2024; 236:179-190. [PMID: 38460307 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Endothelialized in vitro models for cardiovascular disease have contributed greatly to our current understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying thrombosis. To further elucidate these mechanisms, it is important to consider which fundamental aspects to incorporate into an in vitro model. In this review, we will focus on the design of in vitro endothelialized models of thrombosis. Expanding our understanding of the relation and interplay between the different pathways involved will rely in part on complex models that incorporate endothelial cells, blood, the extracellular matrix, and flow. Importantly, the use of tissue-specific endothelial cells will help in understanding the heterogeneity in thrombotic responses between different vascular beds. The dynamic and complex responses of endothelial cells to different shear rates underlines the importance of incorporating appropriate shear in in vitro models. Alterations in vascular extracellular matrix composition, availability of bioactive molecules, and gradients in concentration and composition of these molecules can all regulate the function of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells. Factors modulating these elements in in vitro models should therefore be considered carefully depending on the research question at hand. As the complexity of in vitro models increases, so can the variability. A bottom-up approach to designing such models will remain an important tool for researchers studying thrombosis. As new techniques are continuously being developed and new pathways are brought to light, research question-dependent considerations will have to be made regarding what aspects of thrombosis to include in in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus P Lemmens
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Bröker
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Minke Rijpkema
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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2
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Wang Z, Zhu P, Liao B, You H, Cai Y. Effects and action mechanisms of individual cytokines contained in PRP on osteoarthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:713. [PMID: 37735688 PMCID: PMC10515001 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is defined as a degenerative joint disease that can affect all tissues of the joint, including the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments capsule, and synovial membrane. The conventional nonoperative treatments are ineffective for cartilage repair and induce only symptomatic relief. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate derived from autologous whole blood with a high concentration of platelets, which can exert anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects by releasing multiple growth factors and cytokines. Recent studies have shown that PRP exhibits clinical benefits in patients with OA. However, high operational and equipment requirements greatly limit the application of PRP to OA treatment. Past studies have indicated that high-concentration PRP growth factors and cytokines may be applied as a commercial replacement for PRP. We reviewed the relevant articles to summarize the feasibility and mechanisms of PRP-based growth factors in OA. The available evidence suggests that transforming growth factor-α and β, platelet-derived growth factors, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and connective tissue growth factors might benefit OA, while vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, angiopoietin-1, and stromal cell derived factor-1α might induce negative effects on OA. The effects of fibroblast growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, platelet factor 4, and keratinocyte growth factor on OA remain uncertain. Thus, it can be concluded that not all cytokines released by PRP are beneficial, although the therapeutic action of PRP has a valuable potential to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bokai Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University and Technology, Jiefang Avenue No.1095, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Hanzheng Street No.473, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei Province, China.
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Yamaguchi S, Yoshida M, Horie N, Satoh K, Fukuda Y, Ishizaka S, Ogawa K, Morofuji Y, Hiu T, Izumo T, Kawakami S, Nishida N, Matsuo T. Stem Cell Therapy for Acute/Subacute Ischemic Stroke with a Focus on Intraarterial Stem Cell Transplantation: From Basic Research to Clinical Trials. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010033. [PMID: 36671605 PMCID: PMC9854681 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke holds great promise for the treatment of neurological impairment and has moved from the laboratory into early clinical trials. The mechanism of action of stem cell therapy includes the bystander effect and cell replacement. The bystander effect plays an important role in the acute to subacute phase, and cell replacement plays an important role in the subacute to chronic phase. Intraarterial (IA) transplantation is less invasive than intraparenchymal transplantation and can provide more cells in the affected brain region than intravenous transplantation. However, transplanted cell migration was reported to be insufficient, and few transplanted cells were retained in the brain for an extended period. Therefore, the bystander effect was considered the main mechanism of action of IA stem cell transplantation. In most clinical trials, IA transplantation was performed during the acute and subacute phases. Although clinical trials of IA transplantation demonstrated safety, they did not demonstrate satisfactory efficacy in improving patient outcomes. To increase efficacy, increased migration of transplanted cells and production of long surviving and effective stem cells would be crucial. Given the lack of knowledge on this subject, we review and summarize the mechanisms of action of transplanted stem cells and recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies to provide information and guidance for further advancement of acute/subacute phase IA stem cell transplantation therapy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sasebo General Hospital, Nagasaki 857-8511, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-095-819-7375
| | - Michiharu Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sasebo General Hospital, Nagasaki 857-8511, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Horie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Katsuya Satoh
- Department of Occupational Therapy Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yuutaka Fukuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ishizaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Koki Ogawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yoichi Morofuji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Izumo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kawakami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Dawid M, Mlyczyńska E, Jurek M, Respekta N, Pich K, Kurowska P, Gieras W, Milewicz T, Kotula-Balak M, Rak A. Apelin, APJ, and ELABELA: Role in Placental Function, Pregnancy, and Foetal Development-An Overview. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010099. [PMID: 35011661 PMCID: PMC8750556 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The apelinergic system, which includes the apelin receptor (APJ) as well as its two specific ligands, namely apelin and ELABELA (ELA/APELA/Toddler), have been the subject of many recent studies due to their pleiotropic effects in humans and other animals. Expression of these factors has been investigated in numerous tissues and organs—for example, the lungs, heart, uterus, and ovary. Moreover, a number of studies have been devoted to understanding the role of apelin and the entire apelinergic system in the most important processes in the body, starting from early stages of human life with regulation of placental function and the proper course of pregnancy. Disturbances in the balance of placental processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, or hormone secretion may lead to specific pregnancy pathologies; therefore, there is a great need to search for substances that would help in their early diagnosis or treatment. A number of studies have indicated that compounds of the apelinergic system could serve this purpose. Hence, in this review, we summarized the most important reports about the role of apelin and the entire apelinergic system in the regulation of placental physiology and pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Jurek
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Natalia Respekta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Wiktoria Gieras
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
| | - Tomasz Milewicz
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Kotula-Balak
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.D.); (E.M.); (M.J.); (N.R.); (K.P.); (P.K.); (W.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-1-2664-5003
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5
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Solly EL, Psaltis PJ, Bursill CA, Tan JTM. The Role of miR-181c in Mechanisms of Diabetes-Impaired Angiogenesis: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Vascular Complications. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:718679. [PMID: 34483928 PMCID: PMC8414254 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.718679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is estimated to affect up to 700 million people by the year 2045, contributing to an immense health and economic burden. People living with diabetes have a higher risk of developing numerous debilitating vascular complications, leading to an increased need for medical care, a reduced quality of life and increased risk of early death. Current treatments are not satisfactory for many patients who suffer from impaired angiogenesis in response to ischaemia, increasing their risk of ischaemic cardiovascular conditions. These vascular pathologies are characterised by endothelial dysfunction and abnormal angiogenesis, amongst a host of impaired signaling pathways. Therapeutic stimulation of angiogenesis holds promise for the treatment of diabetic vascular complications that stem from impaired ischaemic responses. However, despite significant effort and research, there are no established therapies that directly stimulate angiogenesis to improve ischaemic complications such as ischaemic heart disease and peripheral artery disease, highlighting the immense unmet need. However, despite significant effort and research, there are no established therapies that directly stimulate angiogenesis in a clinical setting, highlighting the immense unmet need. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as powerful targets for multifaceted diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review highlights the potential role of microRNAs as therapeutic targets for rescuing diabetes-impaired angiogenesis, with a specific focus on miR-181c, which we have previously identified as an important angiogenic regulator. Here we summarise the pathways currently known to be regulated by miR-181c, which include the classical angiogenesis pathways that are dysregulated in diabetes, mitochondrial function and axonal guidance, and describe how these relate both directly and indirectly to angiogenesis. The pleiotropic actions of miR-181c across multiple key angiogenic signaling pathways and critical cellular processes highlight its therapeutic potential as a novel target for treating diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Solly
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christina A Bursill
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanne T M Tan
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Rai N, Shihan M, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Novoyatleva T. Genetic Delivery and Gene Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031179. [PMID: 33503992 PMCID: PMC7865388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive complex fatal disease of multiple etiologies. Hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis of vascular cells of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers of pulmonary vessels trigger excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction in the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subgroup of PH. Multiple gene mutation/s or dysregulated gene expression contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH by endorsing the proliferation and promoting the resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells. Given the vital role of these cells in PAH progression, the development of safe and efficient-gene therapeutic approaches that lead to restoration or down-regulation of gene expression, generally involved in the etiology of the disease is the need of the hour. Currently, none of the FDA-approved drugs provides a cure against PH, hence innovative tools may offer a novel treatment paradigm for this progressive and lethal disorder by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or through gene-editing applications. Here, we review the effectiveness and limitations of the presently available gene therapy approaches for PH. We provide a brief survey of commonly existing and currently applicable gene transfer methods for pulmonary vascular cells in vitro and describe some more recent developments for gene delivery existing in the field of PH in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabham Rai
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Mazen Shihan
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Zaobidna E, Kiezun M, Dobrzyn K, Szeszko K, Rytelewska E, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Bors K, Kopij G, Szymanska K, Kaminska B, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. The influence of orexin B on the transcriptome profile of porcine myometrial explants during early implantation. Theriogenology 2020; 156:205-213. [PMID: 32755720 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of orexin B (OXB) on the global expression pattern and the relationships among differentially expressed genes (DE-genes) in the transcriptome of myometrial explants during the early implantation period in the pig (day 15 of pregnancy). The changes in the transcriptome profile of the porcine myometrium were investigated using the Porcine (V2) Two-colour Gene Expression Microarray, 4 × 44. An analysis of the data from the microarray experiment revealed that 1540 DE-genes were affected by OXB, of which 1135 exhibited fold changes (FC) greater than 1.2 (P < 0.05). Among these, 576 genes were up-regulated and 559 genes were down-regulated. Among the affected biological processes in the myometrial tissue, 76 were enhanced and 31 were suppressed. Furthermore, the differential expression of nine genes, related to the regulation of reproductive functions and metabolic homeostasis, was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. A functional analysis of the relationships between DE-genes indicated that OXB interacts with the genes involved in the processes such as the inflammatory response, the response to interleukin-6, cytokine receptor activity, the regulation of cell activation, growth factor receptor binding, lipid modification and the steroid metabolic process. An analysis of DE-genes and their functional relationships suggests that OXB could be involved in the mechanisms such as the regulation of cell proliferation and development, inhibition of contractility, regulation of programmed cell death, and the development of blood vessels, all of which facilitate implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Zaobidna
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Kinga Bors
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Karolina Szymanska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
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Son Y, Cox JM, Stevenson JL, Cooper JA, Paton CM. Angiopoietin-1 protects 3T3-L1 preadipocytes from saturated fatty acid–induced cell death. Nutr Res 2020; 76:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Cigarette Smoke Induced Lung Barrier Dysfunction, EMT, and Tissue Remodeling: A Possible Link between COPD and Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2025636. [PMID: 31341890 PMCID: PMC6613007 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2025636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, closely related to smoking, are major lung diseases affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The generated gas mixture of smoking is proved to contain about 4,500 components such as carbon monoxide, nicotine, oxidants, fine particulate matter, and aldehydes. These components were considered to be the principle factor driving the pathogenesis and progression of pulmonary disease. A large proportion of lung cancer patients showed a history of COPD, which demonstrated that there might be a close relationship between COPD and lung cancer. In the early stages of smoking, lung barrier provoked protective response and DNA repair are likely to suppress these changes to a certain extent. In the presence of long-term smoking exposure, these mechanisms seem to be malfunctioned and lead to disease progression. The infiltration of inflammatory cells to mucosa, submucosa, and glandular tissue caused by inhaled cigarette smoke is responsible for the destruction of matrix, blood supply shortage, and epithelial cell death. Conversely, cancer cells have the capacity to modulate the proliferation of epithelial cells and produce of new vascular networks. Comprehension understanding of mechanisms responsible for both pathologies is necessary for the prevention and treatment of COPD and lung cancer. In this review, we will summarize related articles and give a glance of possible mechanism between cigarette smoking induced COPD and lung cancer.
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Michalska-Jakubus M, Cutolo M, Smith V, Krasowska D. Imbalanced serum levels of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF in systemic sclerosis: Integrated effects on microvascular reactivity. Microvasc Res 2019; 125:103881. [PMID: 31075243 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Microangiopathy is a hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc). It is a progressive process from an early inflammatory and proangiogenic environment to insufficient microvascular repair with loss of microvessels. The exact underlying mechanisms remain ill-defined. Aim of the study was to investigate whether imbalanced angiopoietins/VEGF serum profile should be related in SSc to the altered microvascular reactivity characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and avascularity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum levels of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and VEGF were measured by ELISA in 47 SSc patients and 27 healthy controls. Microvascular alterations were assessed by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC). RESULTS Serum concentrations of Ang1 were significantly lower [mean (S.D.): 21516.04 (11,441.035) pg/ml], and Ang2 significantly increased [25,89.55 (934.225) pg/ml] in SSc as compared with the control group [Ang1: 28,457.08 (10,431.905) pg/ml; Ang2: 1556.23 (481.255) pg/ml, p < 0.01, respectively], whereas VEGF did not differ significantly. The ratios of Ang1/Ang2 and Ang1/VEGF were significantly lower in SSc patients (8.346 ± 4.523 and 95.17 ± 75.0, respectively) than in healthy subjects (17.612 ± 6.731 p < 0.000001 and 183.11 ± 137.73; p = 0.004]. Formation of giant capillaries with vascular leakage and collapse was associated with significant increase in VEGF and concomitant Ang1 deficiency. Capillary loss was related to significant increase in VEGF with respect to those with preserved capillary number (395.12 ± 256.27 pg/mL vs. 254.80 ± 213.61 pg/mL) whereas elevated Ang2 levels induced more advanced capillary damage as indicated by the presence of the "Late" NVC pattern. CONCLUSIONS We found that serum levels of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF are differentially expressed in SSc and altered Ang1/Ang2 profile might underlay the aberrant angiogenesis in SSc despite increase in VEGF. For the first time we identified that significant deficiency of Ang1 might be involved in early capillary enlargement, followed by collapse and lack of stable newly-formed vessels in VEGF-enriched environment, whereas Ang2 levels seem to increase later in disease progression and advanced microvascular damage ("Late" NVC pattern).
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Michalska-Jakubus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Smith
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Dorota Krasowska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
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11
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Kanazawa M, Takahashi T, Ishikawa M, Onodera O, Shimohata T, Del Zoppo GJ. Angiogenesis in the ischemic core: A potential treatment target? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:753-769. [PMID: 30841779 PMCID: PMC6501515 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19834158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ischemic penumbra is both a concept in understanding the evolution of cerebral tissue injury outcome of focal ischemia and a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. In this review, we examine the evidence that angiogenesis can contribute to beneficial outcomes following focal ischemia in model systems. Several studies have shown that, following cerebral ischemia, endothelial proliferation and subsequent angiogenesis can be detected beginning four days after cerebral ischemia in the border of the ischemic core, or in the ischemic periphery, in rodent and non-human primate models, although initial signals appear within hours of ischemia onset. Components of the neurovascular unit, its participation in new vessel formation, and the nature of the core and penumbra responses to experimental focal cerebral ischemia, are considered here. The potential co-localization of vascular remodeling and axonal outgrowth following focal cerebral ischemia based on the definition of tissue remodeling and the processes that follow ischemic stroke are also considered. The region of angiogenesis in the ischemic core and its surrounding tissue (ischemic periphery) may be a novel target for treatment. We summarize issues that are relevant to model studies of focal cerebral ischemia looking ahead to potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kanazawa
- 1 Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- 1 Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masanori Ishikawa
- 1 Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- 1 Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Shimohata
- 2 Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Gregory J Del Zoppo
- 3 Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,4 Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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12
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Le BT, Raguraman P, Kosbar TR, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Veedu RN. Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Angiogenic Factors as Potential Cancer Therapeutics. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:142-157. [PMID: 30594893 PMCID: PMC6307321 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and conventional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy do not address the underlying molecular pathologies, leading to inadequate treatment and tumor recurrence. Angiogenic factors, such as EGF, PDGF, bFGF, TGF-β, TGF-α, VEGF, endoglin, and angiopoietins, play important roles in regulating tumor development and metastasis, and they serve as potential targets for developing cancer therapeutics. Nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies have received significant attention in the last two decades, and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated intervention is a prominent therapeutic approach for targeted manipulation of gene expression. Clinical benefits of antisense oligonucleotides have been recognized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with full or conditional approval of Vitravene, Kynamro, Exondys51, and Spinraza. Herein we review the scope of antisense oligonucleotides that target angiogenic factors toward tackling solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao T Le
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Prithi Raguraman
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tamer R Kosbar
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susan Fletcher
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rakesh N Veedu
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
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13
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Osteogenic and angiogenic characterization of mandible and femur osteoblasts. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:105-117. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09810-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Luo A, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Zhu Z, Fu L, Dong JT. ZNF121 interacts with ZBRK1 and BRCA1 to regulate their target genes in mammary epithelial cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1943-1952. [PMID: 30524945 PMCID: PMC6275281 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel zinc finger protein 121 (ZNF121) has been demonstrated to physically and functionally associate with the MYC oncoprotein to regulate cell proliferation and likely breast cancer development. To further understand how ZNF121 functions in cell proliferation and carcinogenesis, we identified and characterized the interaction of ZNF121 with zinc finger and BRCA1‐interacting protein with a KRAB domain 1 (ZBRK1), a breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1)‐interacting protein, using the yeast two‐hybrid assay and other approaches. We also found that ZNF121 bound to BRCA1. Functionally, ZFN121 suppressed the expression of ANG1 and HMGA2, two common downstream targets of ZBRK1 and BRCA1. Interestingly, ZNF121 also regulated the expression of BRCA1 and ZBRK1. These findings suggest that ZNF121 is likely a member of the BRCA1/CtIP/ZBRK1 repressor complex that plays a role in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Luo
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 420 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Kailun Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Nankai University College of Life Sciences Tianjin China.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
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15
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Tumor angiogenesis and vascular normalization: alternative therapeutic targets. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:409-426. [PMID: 28660302 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 924] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tumor blood vessels are a key target for cancer therapeutic management. Tumor cells secrete high levels of pro-angiogenic factors which contribute to the creation of an abnormal vascular network characterized by disorganized, immature and permeable blood vessels, resulting in poorly perfused tumors. The hypoxic microenvironment created by impaired tumor perfusion can promote the selection of more invasive and aggressive tumor cells and can also impede the tumor-killing action of immune cells. Furthermore, abnormal tumor perfusion also reduces the diffusion of chemotherapeutic drugs and radiotherapy efficiency. To fight against this defective phenotype, the normalization of the tumor vasculature has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy. Vascular normalization, by restoring proper tumor perfusion and oxygenation, could limit tumor cell invasiveness and improve the effectiveness of anticancer treatments. In this review, we investigate the mechanisms involved in tumor angiogenesis and describe strategies used to achieve vascular normalization.
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16
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Li C, Zhang Y, Tang L, Zhao H, Gao C, Gao L, Cui Y, Liu J. Expression of factors involved in the regulation of angiogenesis in the full-term human placenta: Effects of in vitro fertilization. Reprod Biol 2016; 16:104-12. [PMID: 27288334 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) on the safety of pregnancy and the resulting offspring remain controversial. Studies of placental functions, especially vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, in pregnancies established through ART are helpful for furthering our understanding of the safety of ART. This study compares the expression profiles of angiogenic factors in human term placentas obtained from natural (NAT) pregnancies vs. placentas obtained from pregnancies that resulted from ART. Term placentas were obtained from women who underwent an ART procedure (n=4), and these were compared with term placentas that were obtained from women who had experienced a spontaneous pregnancy (controls, n=4). An array analysis was performed using the Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array to detect 43 angiogenic factors and to identify which of these factors were differentially expressed between the two groups. The expression of six of these factors was greater in the ART group than in the NAT group. The levels of four of them, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interferon gamma (IFNG) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), were quantified using western blot analysis. These factors were examined using immunohistochemistry and microscopy in vascular endothelial cells or the cytoplasm and membranes of syncytiotrophoblast cells. Our finding that selected angiogenic factors exhibit altered expression profiles in ART placentas might be significant when evaluating ART safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Nanjing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210005, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lisha Tang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222006, China
| | - Haijun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jiayin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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17
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Nemska S, Daubeuf F, Frossard N. Revascularization of the graft in obliterative bronchiolitis after heterotopic tracheal transplantation. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:e12690. [PMID: 26908711 PMCID: PMC4816893 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obliterative bronchiolitis is the principal long-term problem for lung transplant patients. One of the simplest and most reproducible animal models of obliterative bronchiolitis is heterotopic tracheal transplantation in subcutaneous tissue, where the graft is not primarily vascularized. We demonstrate here the rapid graft revascularization and the kinetics of expression of its angiogenic and lymphatic factors. We performed iso- and allotracheal transplantations harvested on day 0-21. The number of functional blood vessels, quantified after intravenous biotinylated dextran administration, increased from D0 (0 for both iso- and allografts) to D21 (44 ± 8 vessels/mm(2) in isografts and 22 ± 3 in allografts, P < 0.001 for both vs. D0). VEGF mRNA expression assessed by qPCR peaked on D1 (4.3-fold increase in isografts and 4.0-fold in allografts, P < 0.0001 for both vs. D0), but receded thereafter. Angiopoietin-1, involved in the maturation of the neoformed vessels, increased later on, by 6.2-fold (P < 0.05) in isografts and 11.5-fold in allografts (P < 0.001) by D21, and angiopoietin-2 by 7.8-fold in isografts (P < 0.05) and 13.8-fold in allografts (P < 0.01). Although always present in the iso- and allografts, there were significantly more and larger LYVE1(+) lymphatic vessels at D21 in allografts than in isografts. Thus, we demonstrate that tracheal grafts are rapidly revascularized by functional blood and lymphatic vessels, due to early VEGF and subsequent angiopoietins expression, which is a new advantage of this model, in addition to its ease of use, reproducibility, and viability in the absence of immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nemska
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Strasbourg and Laboratoire d'Excellence MEDALIS Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - François Daubeuf
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Strasbourg and Laboratoire d'Excellence MEDALIS Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Strasbourg and Laboratoire d'Excellence MEDALIS Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
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18
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Human breast cancer cell death induced by BnSP-6, a Lys-49 PLA2 homologue from Bothrops pauloensis venom. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:671-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Bhattacharya D, Chaudhuri S, Singh MK, Chaudhuri S. T11TS inhibits Angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 signaling, EGFR activation and Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in brain endothelial cells restraining angiogenesis in glioma model. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:455-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Angiopoeitin-1 Provides Benefits During Nerve Regeneration In Vivo and In Vitro. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 43:2924-40. [PMID: 26014362 PMCID: PMC4623068 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Our group pioneered the study of nerve regeneration in China and has successfully developed human "acellular nerve grafts (ACNGs)". However, our clinical studies revealed that the effects of ACNGs for long and large nerve defects are far from satisfactory. To improve the efficacy of ACNGs, we combined Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein angiopoietin-1 (COMP-Ang1) with ACNGs in rat sciatic nerve injury models and observed the outcomes via angiographic, morphological, and functional analyses. Co-cultures of endothelial cells (ECs) and dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) were also used to characterize the relationship between neovascularization and nerve regeneration. The results showed significant improvements in early neovascularization, nerve regeneration, and functional outcomes in vivo in the ACNG + COMP-Ang1 group. In vitro, neurite length, and density as well as the expression levels of neurofilament 68 (NF68) and phosphorylated-Tie-2 (p-Tie-2) significantly increased when ECs were co-cultured with DRGs using COMP-Ang1. p-Tie-2 expression dramatically decreased after treatment with a Tie-2 kinase inhibitor (S157701), which consequently decreased the level of NF68. COMP-Ang1 can be concluded to promote early neovascularization followed by brisk nerve regeneration, and the mechanism of this regeneration may involve the modulation of the p-Tie-2 and Tie-2 receptors on ECs. These findings demonstrate that ACNGs can be modified using COMP-Ang1 to improve their efficacy in repairing peripheral nerve defects in clinical trials.
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Reis LA, Chiu LLY, Wu J, Feric N, Laschinger C, Momen A, Li RK, Radisic M. Hydrogels with integrin-binding angiopoietin-1-derived peptide, QHREDGS, for treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:333-41. [PMID: 25632037 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogels are being actively investigated for direct delivery of cells or bioactive molecules to the heart after myocardial infarction (MI) to prevent cardiac functional loss. We postulate that immobilization of the prosurvival angiopoietin-1-derived peptide, QHREDGS, to a chitosan-collagen hydrogel could produce a clinically translatable thermoresponsive hydrogel to attenuate post-MI cardiac remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS In a rat MI model, QHREDGS-conjugated hydrogel (QHG213H), control gel, or PBS was injected into the peri-infarct/MI zone. By in vivo tracking and chitosan staining, the hydrogel was demonstrated to remain in situ for 2 weeks and was cleared in ≈3 weeks. By echocardiography and pressure-volume analysis, the QHG213H hydrogel significantly improved cardiac function compared with the controls. Scar thickness and scar area fraction were also significantly improved with QHG213H gel injection compared with the controls. There were significantly more cardiomyocytes, determined by cardiac troponin-T staining, in the MI zone of the QHG213H hydrogel group; and hydrogel injection did not induce a significant inflammatory response as assessed by polymerase chain reaction and an inflammatory cytokine assay. The interaction of cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts with QHREDGS was found to be mediated by β1-integrins. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time that the QHG213H peptide-modified hydrogel can be injected in the beating heart where it remains localized for a clinically effective period. Moreover, the QHG213H hydrogel induced significant cardiac functional and morphological improvements after MI relative to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis A Reis
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Loraine L Y Chiu
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Jun Wu
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Nicole Feric
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Carol Laschinger
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Abdul Momen
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.)
| | - Milica Radisic
- From the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (L.A.R., N.F., C.L., M.R.) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (L.L.Y.C., M.R.), University of Toronto, Canada; and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.W., A.M., R.-K.L.).
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Menden H, Welak S, Cossette S, Ramchandran R, Sampath V. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated angiopoietin-2-dependent autocrine angiogenesis is regulated by NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:5449-61. [PMID: 25568324 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.600692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-mediated endothelial Angiopoeitin-2 (Ang2) signaling may contribute to microvascular remodeling in the developing lung. The mechanisms by which bacterial cell wall components such as LPS mediate Ang2 signaling in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) remain understudied. In HPMEC, LPS-induced Ang2, Tie2, and VEGF-A protein expression was preceded by increased superoxide formation. NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibition, but not Nox4 or Nox1 inhibition, attenuated LPS-induced superoxide formation and Ang2, Tie2, and VEGF-A expression. Nox2 silencing, but not Nox4 or Nox1 silencing, inhibited LPS-mediated inhibitor of κ-B kinase β (IKKβ) and p38 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1. In HPMECs, LPS increased the number of angiogenic tube and network formations in Matrigel by >3-fold. Conditioned media from LPS-treated cells also induced angiogenic tube and network formation in the presence of Toll-like receptor 4 blockade but not in the presence of Ang2 and VEGF blockade. Nox2 inhibition or conditioned media from Nox2-silenced cells attenuated LPS-induced tube and network formation. Ang2 and VEGF-A treatment rescued angiogenesis in Nox2-silenced cells. We propose that Nox2 regulates LPS-mediated Ang2-dependent autocrine angiogenesis in HPMECs through the IKKβ/NF-κB and MAPK/AP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ramani Ramchandran
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
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Ashpole NM, Warrington JP, Mitschelen MC, Yan H, Sosnowska D, Gautam T, Farley JA, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Sonntag WE. Systemic influences contribute to prolonged microvascular rarefaction after brain irradiation: a role for endothelial progenitor cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H858-68. [PMID: 25038144 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00308.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) induces profound cerebral microvascular rarefaction throughout the hippocampus. Despite the vascular loss and localized cerebral hypoxia, angiogenesis fails to occur, which subsequently induces long-term deficits in learning and memory. The mechanisms underlying the absence of vessel recovery after WBRT are unknown. We tested the hypotheses that vascular recovery fails to occur under control conditions as a result of loss of angiogenic drive in the circulation, chronic tissue inflammation, and/or impaired endothelial cell production/recruitment. We also tested whether systemic hypoxia, which is known to promote vascular recovery, reverses these chronic changes in inflammation and endothelial cell production/recruitment. Ten-week-old C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a clinical series of fractionated WBRT: 4.5-Gy fractions 2 times/wk for 4 wk. Plasma from radiated mice increased in vitro endothelial cell proliferation and adhesion compared with plasma from control mice, indicating that WBRT did not suppress the proangiogenic drive. Analysis of cytokine levels within the hippocampus revealed that IL-10 and IL-12(p40) were significantly increased 1 mo after WBRT; however, systemic hypoxia did not reduce these inflammatory markers. Enumeration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the bone marrow and circulation indicated that WBRT reduced EPC production, which was restored with systemic hypoxia. Furthermore, using a bone marrow transplantation model, we determined that bone marrow-derived endothelial-like cells home to the hippocampus after systemic hypoxia. Thus, the loss of production and homing of EPCs have an important role in the prolonged vascular rarefaction after WBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Ashpole
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Junie P Warrington
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Matthew C Mitschelen
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Han Yan
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Danuta Sosnowska
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tripti Gautam
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Julie A Farley
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - William E Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
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Lee YW, Cho HJ, Lee WH, Sonntag WE. Whole brain radiation-induced cognitive impairment: pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 20:357-70. [PMID: 24009822 PMCID: PMC3762274 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy, the most commonly used for the treatment of brain tumors, has been shown to be of major significance in tu-mor control and survival rate of brain tumor patients. About 200,000 patients with brain tumor are treated with either partial large field or whole brain radiation every year in the United States. The use of radiation therapy for treatment of brain tumors, however, may lead to devastating functional deficits in brain several months to years after treatment. In particular, whole brain radiation therapy results in a significant reduction in learning and memory in brain tumor patients as long-term consequences of treatment. Although a number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the pathogenesis of radiation-mediated brain injury, the cel-lular and molecular mechanisms by which radiation induces damage to normal tissue in brain remain largely unknown. Therefore, this review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of whole brain radiation-induced cognitive impairment and the iden-tification of novel therapeutic targets. Specifically, we review the current knowledge about the effects of whole brain radiation on pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory pathways, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) system and extracellular matrix (ECM), and physiological angiogenesis in brain. These studies may provide a foundation for defin-ing a new cellular and molecular basis related to the etiology of cognitive impairment that occurs among patients in response to whole brain radiation therapy. It may also lead to new opportunities for therapeutic interventions for brain tumor patients who are undergoing whole brain radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Woo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA ; School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Yoo SY, Kwon SM. Angiogenesis and its therapeutic opportunities. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:127170. [PMID: 23983401 PMCID: PMC3745966 DOI: 10.1155/2013/127170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays critical roles in human physiology that range from reproduction and fetal growth to wound healing and tissue repair. The sophisticated multistep process is tightly regulated in a spatial and temporal manner by "on-off switch signals" between angiogenic factors, extracellular matrix components, and endothelial cells. Uncontrolled angiogenesis may lead to several angiogenic disorders, including vascular insufficiency (myocardial or critical limb ischemia) and vascular overgrowth (hemangiomas, vascularized tumors, and retinopathies). Thus, numerous therapeutic opportunities can be envisaged through the successful understanding and subsequent manipulation of angiogenesis. Here, we review the clinical implications of angiogenesis and discuss pro- and antiangiogenic agents that offer potential therapy for cancer and other angiogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Yoo
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mo Kwon
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
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Tian S, Bai Y, Yang L, Wang X, Wu Y, Jia J, Zhu Y, Cheng Y, Zhang P, Wu J, Wang N, Xia G, Liao H, Zhang Y, Shen X, Yu H, Hu Y. Shear stress inhibits apoptosis of ischemic brain microvascular endothelial cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1412-27. [PMID: 23344049 PMCID: PMC3565327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke, to restore or increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) is the most fundamental option. Laminar shear stress (LS), as an important force generated by CBF, mainly acts on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). In order to study whether LS was a protective factor in stroke, we investigated LS-intervented ischemic apoptosis of rat BMECs (rBMECs) through PE Annexin V/7-AAD, JC-1 and Hoechst 33258 staining to observe the membranous, mitochondrial and nuclear dysfunction. Real-time PCR and western blot were also used to test the gene and protein expressions of Tie-2, Bcl-2 and Akt, which were respectively related to maintain membranous, mitochondrial and nuclear norm. The results showed that LS could be a helpful stimulus for ischemic rBMECs survival. Simultaneously, membranous, mitochondrial and nuclear regulation played an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yulong Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lin Yang
- Research Center, EYE & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; E-Mail:
| | - Xinggang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (G.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Center Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; E-Mails:
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junfa Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Nianhong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Guang Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (G.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Hua Liao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (G.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiafeng Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huixian Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yongshan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mails: (S.T.); (Y.B.); (Y.W.); (J.J.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (H.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-21-5288-7820
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Huang YH, Wu MP, Pan SC, Su WC, Chen YW, Wu LW. STAT1 activation by venous malformations mutant Tie2-R849W antagonizes VEGF-A-mediated angiogenic response partly via reduced bFGF production. Angiogenesis 2012; 16:207-22. [PMID: 23086340 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A missense mutation from arginine to tryptophan at residue 849 in the kinase domain of Tie2 (Tie2-R849W) is commonly identified in familial venous malformations. The mechanistic action of Tie2-R849W variant expression on angiogenic cascades including smooth muscle cell recruitment, however, remains elusive. To avoid confounding factors from endogenous Tie2 expression, Tie2-depleted endothelial cells (ECs) were used to study the effects of ectopic shRNA-resistant Tie2 variant expression, Tie2-WT* and Tie2-R849W*, on vascular cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, and smooth muscle cell (SMC) recruitment. Tie2-R849W* induced STAT1 phosphorylation at Tyr701. Tie2-R849W*-expressing cells had reduced ability to migrate and form tubes on Matrigel than their wildtype counterparts. STAT1 phosphorylation attenuated VEGF-A-induced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation in Tie2-R849W*-expressing HUVECs. The induced STAT1 activation also decreased VEGF-A-induced bFGF mRNA expression by competing with activated STAT3 for a direct binding to the consensus STAT-binding site at positions -997 to -989 bp from transcription start site in the bFGF promoter. Depleting STAT1 expression rescued the inability of Tie2-R849W expression to mediate angiogenesis. Moreover, bFGF neutralization or constitutive STAT1 activation, reminiscence of Tie2-R849W* expression, suppressed the smooth muscle cell recruiting ability of endothelial conditioned medium. This work reveals an anti-angiogenic role of STAT1 activation that acts in Tie2-R849W-expressing ECs to impair VEGF-A-mediated STAT3 signaling, bFGF production, and smooth muscle cell recruitment. A balancing activity of STAT1 and STAT3 may be important for Tie2-mediated vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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28
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Buchanan CF, Szot CS, Wilson TD, Akman S, Metheny-Barlow LJ, Robertson JL, Freeman JW, Rylander MN. Cross-talk between endothelial and breast cancer cells regulates reciprocal expression of angiogenic factors in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:1142-51. [PMID: 22095586 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reciprocal growth factor exchange between endothelial and malignant cells within the tumor microenvironment may directly stimulate neovascularization; however, the role of host vasculature in regulating tumor cell activity is not well understood. While previous studies have examined the angiogenic response of endothelial cells to tumor-secreted factors, few have explored tumor response to endothelial cells. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we investigated the influence of endothelial cells on the angiogenic phenotype of breast cancer cells. Specifically, VEGF, ANG1, and ANG2 gene and protein expression were assessed. When co-cultured with microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) significantly increased expression of ANG2 mRNA (20-fold relative to MDA-MB-231 monoculture). Moreover, MDA-MB-231/HMEC-1 co-cultures produced significantly increased levels of ANG2 (up to 580 pg/ml) and VEGF protein (up to 38,400 pg/ml) while ANG1 protein expression was decreased relative to MDA-MB-231 monocultures. Thus, the ratio of ANG1:ANG2 protein, a critical indicator of neovascularization, shifted in favor of ANG2, a phenomenon known to correlate with vessel destabilization and sprouting in vivo. This angiogenic response was not observed in nonmalignant breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A), where absolute protein levels of MCF-10A/HMEC-1 co-cultures were an order of magnitude less than that of the MDA-MB-231/HMEC-1 co-cultures. Results were further verified with a functional angiogenesis assay demonstrating well-defined microvascular endothelial cell (TIME) tube formation when cultured in media collected from MDA-MB-231/HMEC-1 co-cultures. This study demonstrates that the angiogenic activity of malignant mammary epithelial cells is significantly enhanced by the presence of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara F Buchanan
- Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Wang X, Zhao R, Liu C, Qiao T. Abnormal expression of Tie1 on the valves of great saphenous varicose vein. Phlebology 2012; 28:93-100. [PMID: 22987233 DOI: 10.1258/phleb.2012.012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the abnormal expressions of Tie1 on the valves of great saphenous varicose vein, and to discuss the relationship between the phenomenon and pathogenesis of varicose vein of lower extremity. METHODS Varicose veins group 18 samples, normal control group 14 samples. Immunohistochemistry staining has investigated the expression of CD31 and Tie1 in the first valves of great saphenous veins. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has checked mRNA expression of Tie1. Western blot has checked the expression of Tie1 protein in venous valves. RESULTS In normal control group valves, there was no difference between proximal and distal sides endothelium, which expressing CD31 in both valvar basement and valve cusp (positive endothelial cells [ECs] percentage: P > 0.05, P > 0.05). However, the endothelium of the proximal side demonstrates Tie1 stronger than distal side in valvar basement (positive ECs percentage: P < 0.05), which was not found at valve cusp (positive ECs percentage: P > 0.05). In varicose veins group, the endothelium of proximal side cells expresses CD31 weaker than distal side at both valvar basement and valve cusp (positive ECs percentage: P < 0.05, P < 0.05) besides the morphological alteration of valves. Moreover, it expresses Tie1 much weaker than diatal side (positive ECs percentage: P < 0.01). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that valves of varicose veins group expressed Tie1 much weaker than the normal control group (P < 0.01). Western blot could not detect the expression of Tie1 in venous valves. CONCLUSION The decreasing expression of Tie1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary lower extremity varicose veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University
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Pedersen TO, Blois AL, Xue Y, Xing Z, Cottler-Fox M, Fristad I, Leknes KN, Lorens JB, Mustafa K. Osteogenic stimulatory conditions enhance growth and maturation of endothelial cell microvascular networks in culture with mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2012; 3:2041731412443236. [PMID: 22511994 PMCID: PMC3324846 DOI: 10.1177/2041731412443236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To optimize culture conditions for in vitro prevascularization of tissue-engineered bone constructs, the development of organotypic blood vessels under osteogenic stimulatory conditions (OM) was investigated. Coculture of endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells was used to assess proangiogenic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on endothelial cells. Four different culture conditions were evaluated for their effect on development of microvascular endothelial cell networks. Mineralization, deposition of extracellular matrix, and perivascular gene expression were studied in OM. After 3 days, endothelial cells established elongated capillary-like networks, and upregulated expression of vascular markers was seen. After 15 days, all parameters evaluated were significantly increased for cultures in OM. Mature networks developed in OM presented lumens enveloped by basement membrane-like collagen IV, with obvious mineralization and upregulated perivascular gene expression from mesenchymal stem cells. Our results suggest osteogenic stimulatory conditions to be appropriate for in vitro development of vascularized bone implants for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjorn O Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry-Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Norway
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Erdogdu Ö, Eriksson L, Nyström T, Sjöholm Å, Zhang Q. Exendin-4 restores glucolipotoxicity-induced gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 419:790-5. [PMID: 22390929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exendin-4, a stable GLP-1 receptor agonist, has been shown to stimulate insulin secretion. It has also been shown to exert beneficial effects on endothelial function that are independent of its glycemic effects. The molecular mechanisms underlying the protective actions of exendin-4 against diabetic glucolipotoxicity in endothelial cells largely remain elusive. We have investigated the long-term in vitro effect of palmitate or high glucose (simulating the diabetic milieu) and the role of exendin-4 on gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Gene expression profiling in combination with Western blotting revealed that exendin-4 regulates expression of a number of genes involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and thrombogenesis under glucolipotoxic conditions. Our results indicate that exendin-4 may improve endothelial cell function in diabetes through regulating expression of the genes, whose expression was disrupted by glucolipotoxicity. As endothelial dysfunction appears to be an early indicator of vascular damage, and predicts both progression of atherosclerosis and incidence of cardiovascular events, exendin-4 and possibly other incretin-based strategies may confer additional cardiovascular benefit beyond improved glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Erdogdu
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, SE-11883 Stockholm, Sweden
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Li R, Mittelstein D, Fang K, Beebe T, Quigley K, Berliner J, Hsiai TK. Angiopoeitin-2 modulates Survivin expression in OxLDL-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:619-22. [PMID: 22182412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiopoeitin-2 (Ang-2) antagonizes Angiopeitin-1 (Ang-1)-mediated Tie-2 signaling. Ang-1 is reported to up-regulate anti-apoptotic Survivin expression. Here, we investigated the interplay between Ang-2 and Survivin in response to oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL)-induced apoptosis. We demonstrate that treatment of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) with 100 μg/ml of OxLDL down-regulated Ang-2 expression as early as 4h after treatment and persisted up to 24h (p<0.05, n=3), but did not down-regulate Survivin until the 24h point. Further, treatment of HAEC with recombinant Ang-2 up-regulated Survivin expression (at Ang-2 ≥200 ng/ml, p<0.05, n=3) and attenuated the OxLDL-mediated down-regulation of Survivin (p<0.05, n=3). Knockdown of Ang-2 further down-regulated Survivin expression, whereas over-expression of Survivin attenuated OxLDL-induced HAEC apoptosis (p<0.05, n=3). Hence, Ang-2 mediated Survivin expression in response to OxLDL-induced endothelial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Li
- Biomedical Engineering and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
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Lee WH, Cho HJ, Sonntag WE, Lee YW. Radiation attenuates physiological angiogenesis by differential expression of VEGF, Ang-1, tie-2 and Ang-2 in rat brain. Radiat Res 2011; 176:753-60. [PMID: 21962003 DOI: 10.1667/rr2647.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of radiation-induced cerebrovascular rarefaction remains unknown. In the present study, we examined the effect of whole-brain irradiation on endothelial cell (EC) proliferation/apoptosis and expression of various angiogenic factors in rat brain. F344 × BN rats received either whole-brain irradiation (a single dose of 10 Gy γ rays) or sham irradiation and were maintained for 4, 8 and 24 h after irradiation. Double immunofluorescence staining was employed to visualize EC proliferation/apoptosis in brain. The mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2), and Ang-2 in brain were determined by real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. A significant reduction in CD31-immunoreactive cells was detected in irradiated rat brains compared with sham-irradiated controls. Whole-brain irradiation significantly suppressed EC proliferation and increased EC apoptosis. In addition, a significant decrease in mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, Ang-1 and Tie-2 was observed in irradiated rat brains. In contrast, whole-brain irradiation significantly upregulated Ang-2 expression in rat brains. The present study provides novel evidence that whole-brain irradiation differentially affects mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, Ang-1, Tie-2 and Ang-2. These changes are closely associated with decreased EC proliferation and increased EC apoptosis in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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Angiogenesis and multiple myeloma. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2011; 4:325-37. [PMID: 21735169 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-011-0072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma is characterized by an increased microvessel density. The production of pro-angiogenic molecules is increased and the production of angiogenic inhibitors is suppressed, leading to an "angiogenic switch". Here we present an overview of the role of angiogenesis in multiple myeloma, the pro-angiogenic factors produced by myeloma cells and the microenvironment, and the mechanisms involved in the myeloma-induced angiogenic switch. Current data suggest that the increased bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma is due to the aberrant expression of angiogenic factors by myeloma cells, the subsequent increase in pro-angiogenic activity of normal plasma cells as a result of myeloma cell angiogenic activity, and the increased number of plasma cells overall. Hypoxia also contributes to the angiogenic properties of the myeloma marrow microenvironment. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is overexpressed by myeloma cells and affects their transcriptional and angiogenic profiles. In addition, potential roles of the tumor suppressor gene inhibitor of growth family member 4 and homeobox B7 have also been recently highlighted as repressors of angiogenesis and pro-angiogenic related genes, respectively. This complex pathogenetic model of myeloma-induced angiogenesis suggests that several pro-angiogenic molecules and related genes in myeloma cells and the microenvironment are potential therapeutic targets.
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Khan AA, Paul A, Abbasi S, Prakash S. Mitotic and antiapoptotic effects of nanoparticles coencapsulating human VEGF and human angiopoietin-1 on vascular endothelial cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1069-81. [PMID: 21698074 PMCID: PMC3118680 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s15054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research towards the application of nanoparticles as carrier vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic agents is increasingly gaining importance. The angiogenic growth factors, human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human angiopoietin-1 are known to prevent vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and in fact to stimulate human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation. This paper aims to study the combined effect of these bioactive proteins coencapsulated in human serum albumin nanoparticles on HUVECs and to evaluate the potential application of this delivery system towards therapeutic angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS The angiogenic proteins, human VEGF and human angiopoietin-1, were coencapsulated in albumin nanoparticles for better controlled delivery of the proteins. The application of a nanoparticle system enabled efficient and extended-release kinetics of the proteins. The size of the nanoparticles crosslinked with glutaraldehyde was 101.0 ± 0.9 nm and the zeta potential was found to be -18 ± 2.9 mV. An optimal concentration of glutaraldehyde for the nanoparticle coating process was determined, and this provided stable and less toxic nanoparticles as protein carriers. The results of the study indicate that nanoparticles crosslinked with glutaraldehyde produced nanoparticles with tolerable toxicity which provided efficient and controlled release of the coencapsulated proteins. The nanoparticles were incubated for two weeks to determine the release profiles of the proteins. At the end of the two-week incubation period, it was observed that 49% ± 1.3% of human angiopoietin-1 and 59% ± 2.1% of human VEGF had been released from the nanoparticles. The proliferation and percent apoptosis of the HUVECs in response to released proteins was observed. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the released proteins were biologically active and the combined application of both the proteins demonstrated a significant highly proliferative and antiapoptotic effect on HUVECs as compared with the effect demonstrated by the individual proteins released. These studies could serve as a basis to encourage further research into the potential in vivo application of these protein-loaded nanoparticles in the field of therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Afsar Khan
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Staton CA, Valluru M, Hoh L, Reed MWR, Brown NJ. Angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and Tie-2 receptor expression in human dermal wound repair and scarring. Br J Dermatol 2011; 163:920-7. [PMID: 20633009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09940.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie-2 ligand/receptor system is known to interact with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway to determine the fate of blood vessels during angiogenesis. However, the precise contribution of this system to angiogenesis and the mechanisms of vascular maturation and remodelling in human tissue repair have yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES To examine the spatial and temporal expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2 and VEGF in relation to angiogenesis in human surgical wounds. METHODS Punch biopsies were taken either from normal unwounded skin (controls) during surgery or from mastectomy scars between 3 days and 2 years postsurgery. Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2 and VEGF fibroblast/myofibroblast and endothelial expression were characterized by immunohistochemistry, analysed semiquantitatively and correlated with microvessel density (MVD) and scar age. RESULTS The expression of VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 in fibroblasts/myofibroblasts was increased significantly in early scars, decreased in older scars and was related to scar age (P < 0·001) and MVD (P < 0·0004), with strong correlations between all factors. In contrast, vascular expression of Ang-1 was decreased slightly in early scars, vascular Ang-2 remained constant and Tie-2 vascular expression increased, although there were no correlations with scar age or MVD. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that angiopoietins and their receptor, Tie-2, are expressed in both fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and endothelial cells in healing human wounds. Fibroblast/myofibroblast expression correlates with angiogenesis and VEGF expression, suggesting a role for the angiopoietin/Tie-2 system in normal wound repair and scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Staton
- Microcirculation Research Group, Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
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D'Souza SS, Gururaj AE, Raj HM, Rössler J, Salimath BP. Inhibition of ascites tumor growth in vivo by sTie-2 is potentiated by a combinatorial therapy with sFLT-1. J Gene Med 2010; 12:968-80. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Das A, Lauffenburger D, Asada H, Kamm R. Determining Cell Fate Transition Probabilities to VEGF/Ang 1 Levels: Relating Computational Modeling to Microfluidic Angiogenesis Studies. Cell Mol Bioeng 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-010-0146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Malik NM, Jin P, Raatz Y, Sumariwalla PF, Kiriakidis S, Shepard M, Feldmann M, Paleolog EM. Regulation of the angiopoietin-Tie ligand-receptor system with a novel splice variant of Tie1 reduces the severity of murine arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:1828-39. [PMID: 20547659 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the function of the angiopoietin (Ang)-Tie ligand-receptor system, and to assess the effect of Tie1-751, a naturally occurring extracellular domain of the Tie1 receptor derived by alternative splicing, in an in vivo model of RA. METHODS In the murine CIA model, expression of endogenous Ang1, Ang2, Tie1 and Tie2 in whole paws was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR. To assess the effect of inhibition of the Ang-Tie axis, Tie1-751 was expressed and fused to the Fc fragment of human IgG1. The effect of Tie1-751-Fc on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cytoprotection and migration in response to Ang1, either alone or in combination with VEGF, was investigated. Furthermore, an in vitro angiogenesis assay was used to determine the effect of Tie1-751-Fc on Ang1-mediated angiogenesis. Finally, Tie1-751-Fc was administered in CIA, and the effects on clinical disease and joint architecture of hind foot specimens were determined. RESULTS Gene expression levels of Ang1, Ang2, and receptors Tie1 and Tie2 in whole paws were significantly increased during the progression of arthritis. Tie1-751-Fc significantly inhibited HUVEC cytoprotection and migration in response to Ang1 alone, or Ang1 in combination with VEGF. Tie1-751-Fc also significantly inhibited angiogenesis induced by a combination of Ang1 plus VEGF. Finally, Tie1-751-Fc, when administered intra-peritoneally to arthritic mice, reduced clinical signs of arthritis, damage to joint architecture and infiltration of blood vessels into the synovium. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the Ang-Tie ligand-receptor system is dysregulated in CIA. Tie1-751, a novel splice variant of the Tie1 receptor, inhibits Ang1/VEGF signalling, suggesting that Ang inhibition may be of therapeutic benefit in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Malik
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Arthritis Research Campaign Building, London, UK
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Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels plays an important role during the development and progression of a disease. In recent years, there has been a tremendous effort to uncover the molecular mechanisms that drive blood vessel growth in adult tissues. Angiopoietins belong to a family of growth factors that are critically involved in blood vessel formation during developmental and pathological angiogenesis. The importance of Angiopoietin signaling has been recognized in transgenic mouse models as the genetic ablation of Ang-1, and its primary receptor Tie2 has led to early embryonic lethality. Interesting and unusual for a family of ligands, Ang-2 has been identified as an antagonist of Ang-1 in endothelial cells as evidenced by a similar embryonic phenotype when Ang-2 was overexpressed in transgenic mice. In this review, we focus on the functional consequences of autocrine Angiopoietin signaling in endothelial cells.
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Chowdhury MWH, Scaramuzzi RJ, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Khalid M. The expression of angiogenic growth factors and their receptors in ovarian follicles throughout the estrous cycle in the ewe. Theriogenology 2009; 73:856-72. [PMID: 20042232 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Healthy follicles are highly vascularized whereas those undergoing atresia have poor vascularity, suggesting a relationship between follicular vascularization and follicular function. Vascularization is regulated by angiogenic factors, and among them vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-Tie (Ang-Tie) systems are of central importance. The objectives of this study were to determine if VEGF, VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), and components of the Ang-Tie system are expressed in ovarian follicles at both the protein and mRNA levels and to explore if their expression is related to the stage of the estrous cycle in the ewe. Ovaries from cyclic ewes were collected during the luteal phase (n=5) or before (n=5), during (n=4), and after (n=4) the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. After fixation, ovaries were wax-embedded, serially sectioned, and analyzed for both protein and mRNA expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tie-1 (mRNA only), and Tie-2. mRNA was studied by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-11-UTP-labeled ovine riboprobes. A similar pattern of expression was observed for mRNA and protein for all of the factors. Both mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-1 (mRNA only), and Tie-2 in the granulosa and theca cells of follicles >or=2mm in diameter was significantly different among the stages of the estrous cycle, with the highest expression detected at the post-LH surge stage. Theca cells expressed significantly greater levels of the six angiogenic factors compared with granulosa cells at all stages of the estrous cycle. Expression levels in granulosa and theca cells were comparable between small (2.0 to 2.5mm) and medium (2.5 to 4.0mm) follicles, but large follicles (>4.0mm) expressed higher mRNA and protein levels (all P<0.05) for all factors at all stages of the estrous cycle. These data show (i) that VEGF, VEGFR-2, and the Ang-Tie system are present in both granulosa and theca cells of the ovarian follicle, (ii) that thecal cells consistently express greater levels of all of these factors compared with granulosa cells, and (iii) that their levels of expression are related to the stage of the estrous cycle and to follicle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W H Chowdhury
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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Müller K, Ellenberger C, Schoon HA. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical study of angiogenesis and angiogenic factors in the ovary of the mare. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:421-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mai J, Song S, Rui M, Liu D, Ding Q, Peng J, Xu Y. A synthetic peptide mediated active targeting of cisplatin liposomes to Tie2 expressing cells. J Control Release 2009; 139:174-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Angiopoietin-1-induced ubiquitylation of Tie2 by c-Cbl is required for internalization and degradation. Biochem J 2009; 423:375-80. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tie2 [where ‘Tie’ is an acronym from tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF (epidermal growth factor) homology domains] is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed predominantly on the surface of endothelial cells. Activated by its ligands, the angiopoietins, Tie2 initiates signalling pathways that modulate vascular stability and angiogenesis. Deletion of either the Tie2 or Ang1 (angiopoietin-1) gene in mice results in lethal vascular defects, signifying their importance in vascular development. The mechanism employed by the Tie2 signalling machinery to attenuate or cause receptor trafficking is not well defined. Stimulation of Tie2-expressing cells with Ang1 results in its ubiquitylation, suggesting that this may provide the necessary signal for receptor turnover. Using a candidate molecule approach, we demonstrate that Tie2 co-immunoprecipitates with c-Cbl in an Ang1-dependent manner and its ubiquitylation can be inhibited by the dominant-interfering molecule v-Cbl (a viral form of c-Cbl that contains only the tyrosine kinase-binding domain region). Inhibition of the Tie2–Cbl interaction by overexpression of v-Cbl blocks ligand-induced Tie2 internalization and degradation. In summary, our results illustrate that c-Cbl interacts with the Tie2 signalling complex in a stimulation-dependent manner, and that this interaction is required for Tie2 ubiquitylation, internalization and degradation.
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Abstract
AbstractAbundant bone marrow angiogenesis is present in almost all myeloma patients requiring therapy and correlated to treatment response and survival. We assessed the expression of 402 angiogenesis-associated genes by Affymetrix DNA microarrays in 466 samples, including CD138-purified myeloma cells (MMCs) from 300 previously untreated patients, in vivo microcirculation by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and in vitro angiogenesis (AngioKit-assay). Normal bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) express a median of 39 proangiogenic (eg, VEGFA, ADM, IGF-1) and 28 antiangiogenic genes (eg, TIMP1, TIMP2). Supernatants of BMPCs unlike those of memory B cells induce angiogenesis in vitro. MMCs do not show a significantly higher median number of expressed proangiogenic (45) or antiangiogenic (31) genes, but 97% of MMC samples aberrantly express at least one of the angiogenic factors HGF, IL-15, ANG, APRIL, CTGF, or TGFA. Supernatants of MMCs and human myeloma cell lines induce significantly higher in vitro angiogenesis compared with BMPCs. In conclusion, BMPCs express a surplus of proangiogenic over antiangiogenic genes transmitting to the ability to induce in vitro angiogenesis. Aberrant expression of proangiogenic and down-regulation of antiangiogenic genes by MMCs further increases the angiogenic stimulus, together leading to bone marrow angiogenesis at various degrees in all myeloma patients.
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Bogdanovic E, Coombs N, Dumont DJ. Oligomerized Tie2 localizes to clathrin-coated pits in response to angiopoietin-1. Histochem Cell Biol 2009; 132:225-37. [PMID: 19424712 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-009-0603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor Tie2 is expressed on endothelial cells, and together with its ligand angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), is important for angiogenesis and vascular stability. Upon activation by Ang1, Tie2 is rapidly internalized and degraded, a mechanism most likely necessary to attenuate receptor activity. Using immunogold electron microscopy, we show that on the surface of endothelial cells, Tie2 is arranged in variably sized clusters containing dimers and higher order oligomers. Clusters of Tie2 were expressed on the apical and basolateral plasma membranes, and on the tips of microvilli. Upon activation by Ang1, Tie2 co-localized with the clathrin heavy chain at the apical and basolateral plasma membranes and within endothelial cells indicating that Tie2 internalizes through clathrin-coated pits. Inhibiting cellular endocytosis by depleting cellular potassium or by acidifying the cytosol blocked the internalization of Tie2 in response to Ang1. Our results suggest that one pathway mediating the internalization of Tie2 in response to Ang1 is through clathrin-coated pits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bogdanovic
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Research Building, S-218, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
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Jiang J, Wang J, Li C, Yu SP, Wei L. Dual roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor-1 in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Vasc Med 2009; 14:37-46. [PMID: 19144778 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x08098143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Signals in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) pathway are upregulated after ischemia, yet its role in peripheral ischemia remains unclear. We investigated the effect of TNF-alpha receptor 1 (TNFR-1) in acute limb ischemia of TNFR-1 knockout (TNFR-1-/-) and wild type (WT, TNFR-1+/+) mice. Laser Doppler scanning showed that although pre-ischemia blood flow levels were similar in these mice, the limb reperfusion after ischemia was significantly higher in TNFR-1-/- mice 1-7 days after injury. Consistently, fewer TUNEL-positive cells, less DNA fragmentation, and a lower ischemic score were detected in the TNFR-1-/- group when compared to WT controls. Western blot analysis revealed less expression of pro-apoptotic markers Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in TNFR-1-/- mice 1 day after ischemia, supporting the hypothesis that the absence of TNFR-1 results in a reduction of apoptosis. The rate of post-ischemia amputation was 50% in WT mice versus 0% in TNFR-1-/- mice. However, immunohistochemical co-staining of microvessel marker CD31 and cellular proliferation marker BrdU 21 days after ischemia showed an impaired angiogenic activity in the TNFR-1-/- mice. These data were supported by Western blot analysis, which indicated a decreased expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and its receptor Tie-2 in TNFR-1-/- mice. Our results suggest that a deficiency in TNFR-1 prevents the activation of death-related proteins downstream to TNF-alpha and attenuates apoptosis in acute limb ischemia, but the lack of TNFR-1 signaling hinders the belated angiogenesis mediated by the Ang-1/Tie-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Park JH, Choi H, Kim YB, Kim YS, Sheen SS, Choi JH, Lee HL, Lee KS, Chung WY, Lee S, Park KJ, Hwang SC, Lee KB, Park KJ. Serum angiopoietin-1 as a prognostic marker in resected early stage lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2009; 66:359-64. [PMID: 19339077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the clinical significance of angiopoietins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with resected early stage lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study enrolled 101 patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of stage I or II, along with 70 healthy volunteers. Serum concentrations of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, and VEGF were measured with an ELISA. Immunohistochemical expression of angiopoietin-1 was compared with the microvessel density on the lung cancer tissues. RESULTS The patients had lower serum angiopoietin-1 (32.1+/-9.9 ng/mL vs. 39.0+/-10.8 ng/mL, p<0.001), higher angiopoietin-2 (1949.2+/-1099.4 pg/mL vs. 1498.6+/-650.0 pg/mL, p<0.01), and higher VEGF (565.1+/-406.3 pg/mL vs. 404.6+/-254.8 pg/mL, p<0.01) levels than the controls. The angiopoietin-2 level was higher in stage II than in stage I patients (p<0.05). The levels of angiopoietin-1 (r=0.28) and angiopoietin-2 (r=0.36) each correlated with the VEGF level. Patients with a higher level of angiopoietin-1 (> or =31.2 ng/mL) had better disease-specific and relapse-free survival than those with a lower angiopoietin-1 level (<31.2 ng/mL). Angiopoietin-1 expression negatively correlated with the microvessel density. CONCLUSION Serum angiopoietin-1 is a potential marker for predicting postoperative survival and recurrence in patients with early stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 443-721, South Korea
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Abstract
Placental vascular development begins very early in pregnancy and is characterized by construction of a primitive vascular network in a low-oxygen environment. In vitro three-component assays of this process are scarce. In this study, a complex three-dimensional spheroid model for in vitro studies of placental vasculogenesis with regard to cell-cell interactions between cytotrophoblasts (CTs), villous stromal cells and endothelial precursor cells was established. Microscopic and immunohistochemical analyses of the spheroids showed structural and differentiation patterns resembling the structure and differentiation of early placental chorionic villous tissue (in regard to the expression of multiple markers cytokeratin-7, vimentin, CD34, CD31). The authenticity of this model to in vivo events allowed investigation of placental vascular development and trophoblast invasion under physiological and pathological conditions. Particularly enhanced spheroidal expression of SDF-1alpha and its receptor CXCR4, the major chemokine system in embryonic vasculogenesis, in a low-oxygen environment was detected. In addition, our model confirmed previously described invasive phenotype of trophoblasts through collagen under low- (physiologic), but not high- (pathologic) oxygen concentrations. Therefore, the three-dimensional spheroid model consisting of major placental cell types proved to be an appropriate system to investigate early placental vessel development under both physiological and pathological conditions.
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Gotsch F, Romero R, Kusanovic JP, Chaiworapongsa T, Dombrowski M, Erez O, Than NG, Mazaki-Tovi S, Mittal P, Espinoza J, Hassan SS. Preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age are associated with decreased concentrations of a factor involved in angiogenesis: soluble Tie-2. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008; 21:389-402. [PMID: 18570117 DOI: 10.1080/14767050802046069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An anti-angiogenic state has been described in patients with preeclampsia, small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses and fetal death, and changes in the concentration of circulating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors can precede the clinical recognition of preeclampsia and SGA by several weeks. Gene deletion studies demonstrate that a selective group of endothelial growth factors are required for vascular development, including members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, as well as angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), both ligands for the tyrosine kinase endothelial cell receptor Tie-2. These angiogenic factors have been proposed to promote angiogenesis in a coordinated and complementary fashion. Soluble Tie-2 (sTie-2) is the soluble form of the Tie-2 receptor, which is detectable in biological fluids. The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with preeclampsia and mothers who deliver a SGA neonate have changes in the plasma concentrations of sTie-2. STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study included patients in the following groups: (1) non-pregnant women (n = 40), (2) women with normal pregnancies (n = 135), (3) patients with preeclampsia (n = 112), and (4) patients who delivered an SGA neonate (n = 53). Maternal plasma concentrations of sTie-2 were measured by a sensitive immunoassay. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. RESULTS (1) The median maternal plasma concentration of sTie-2 was lower in normal pregnant women than in non-pregnant women [median 16.0 ng/mL (range 5.0-71.6) vs. median 20.7 ng/mL (range 10.8-52.4), respectively; p = 0.01)). (2) Plasma sTie-2 concentrations in normal pregnancy changed significantly as a function of gestational age. (3) Patients with preeclampsia and those who delivered SGA neonates had a lower median maternal plasma concentration of sTie-2 than those with a normal pregnancy [preeclampsia: median 14.9 ng/mL (range 4.9-67.3); SGA: median 10.9 ng/mL (range 5.1-29.1); normal pregnancy: median 16.0 ng/mL (range 5.0-71.6); p = 0.048 and p < 0.001, respectively]. (4) Patients with SGA neonates had a lower median plasma concentration of sTie-2 than that of those with preeclampsia [median 10.9 ng/mL (range 5.1-29.1) vs. median 14.9 ng/mL (range 4.9-67.3), respectively; p < 0.001]. (5) Patients with early-onset preeclampsia (<or=34 weeks) had lower concentrations of sTie-2 than women with late-onset preeclampsia (>34 weeks) median of delta values: -0.13 ng/mL (range -0.47-0.58) vs. median of delta values: -0.09 ng/mL (range: -0.60-0.58), respectively; p = 0.043]. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the maternal plasma sTie-2 concentration between women with severe and mild preeclampsia (p = 0.6). CONCLUSION Patients with preeclampsia and those with SGA fetuses have lower median plasma concentrations of soluble Tie-2 than women with normal pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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