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Nix KC, Oh A, Goad BS, Wu W, Lucas MV, Baumer FM. Detection of Language Lateralization Using Spectral Analysis of EEG. J Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 41:334-343. [PMID: 38710040 PMCID: PMC11076005 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Language lateralization relies on expensive equipment and can be difficult to tolerate. We assessed if lateralized brain responses to a language task can be detected with spectral analysis of electroencephalography (EEG). METHODS Twenty right-handed, neurotypical adults (28 ± 10 years; five males) performed a verb generation task and two control tasks (word listening and repetition). We measured changes in EEG activity elicited by tasks (the event-related spectral perturbation [ERSP]) in the theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands in two language (superior temporal and inferior frontal [ST and IF]) and one control (occipital [Occ]) region bilaterally. We tested whether language tasks elicited (1) changes in spectral power from baseline (significant ERSP) at any region or (2) asymmetric ERSPs between matched left and right regions. RESULTS Left IF beta power (-0.37±0.53, t = -3.12, P = 0.006) and gamma power in all regions decreased during verb generation. Asymmetric ERSPs (right > left) occurred between the (1) IF regions in the beta band (right vs. left difference of 0.23±0.37, t(19) = -2.80, P = 0.0114) and (2) ST regions in the alpha band (right vs. left difference of 0.48±0.63, t(19) = -3.36, P = 0.003). No changes from baseline or hemispheric asymmetries were noted in language regions during control tasks. On the individual level, 16 (80%) participants showed decreased left IF beta power from baseline, and 16 showed ST alpha asymmetry. Eighteen participants (90%) showed one of these two findings. CONCLUSIONS Spectral EEG analysis detects lateralized responses during language tasks in frontal and temporal regions. Spectral EEG analysis could be developed into a readily available language lateralization modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry C Nix
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, California, U.S.A.; and
| | - Ahyuda Oh
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
| | - Beattie S Goad
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
| | - Wei Wu
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, California, U.S.A.; and
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
| | - Molly V Lucas
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, California, U.S.A.; and
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
| | - Fiona M Baumer
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, California, U.S.A.; and
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Friston K, Da Costa L, Sakthivadivel DAR, Heins C, Pavliotis GA, Ramstead M, Parr T. Path integrals, particular kinds, and strange things. Phys Life Rev 2023; 47:35-62. [PMID: 37703703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a path integral formulation of the free energy principle. The ensuing account expresses the paths or trajectories that a particle takes as it evolves over time. The main results are a method or principle of least action that can be used to emulate the behaviour of particles in open exchange with their external milieu. Particles are defined by a particular partition, in which internal states are individuated from external states by active and sensory blanket states. The variational principle at hand allows one to interpret internal dynamics-of certain kinds of particles-as inferring external states that are hidden behind blanket states. We consider different kinds of particles, and to what extent they can be imbued with an elementary form of inference or sentience. Specifically, we consider the distinction between dissipative and conservative particles, inert and active particles and, finally, ordinary and strange particles. Strange particles can be described as inferring their own actions, endowing them with apparent autonomy or agency. In short-of the kinds of particles afforded by a particular partition-strange kinds may be apt for describing sentient behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK; VERSES Research Lab, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Lancelot Da Costa
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK; Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; VERSES Research Lab, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Dalton A R Sakthivadivel
- VERSES Research Lab, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Mathematics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Conor Heins
- VERSES Research Lab, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour, Konstanz D-78457, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany.
| | | | - Maxwell Ramstead
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK; VERSES Research Lab, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Thomas Parr
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK.
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3
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Zebarjadi N, Levy J. Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy maturation. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3110. [PMID: 37334437 PMCID: PMC10498088 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Empathy is a social-cognitive process that operates by relying mainly on the suppression of the cortical alpha rhythm. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent neurodevelopmental studies indicated that at a younger age, empathy involves reversed brain responses (e.g., alpha enhancement patterns). In this multimodal study, we capture neural activity at the alpha range, and hemodynamic response and target subjects at approximately 20 years old as a unique time window in development that allows investigating both low-alpha suppression and high-alpha enhancement. We aim to further investigate the functional role of low-alpha power suppression and high-alpha power enhancement during empathy development. METHODS Brain data from 40 healthy individuals were recorded in two consecutive sessions of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while subjects perceived vicarious physical pain or no pain. RESULTS MEG revealed that the alpha pattern shift during empathy happens in an all-or-none pattern: power enhancement before 18 and suppression after 18 years of age. Additionally, MEG and fMRI highlight a correspondence between high-alpha power increase and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) decrease before 18, but low-alpha power decrease and BOLD increase after 18. Importantly, this neurodevelopmental transition was not revealed by four other measures: self-reported (a) ratings of the task stimuli, (b) ratings of naturalistic vignettes of vicarious pain, (c) trait empathy, or neural data from (d) a control neuroimaging task. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that at the critical age of around 18, empathy is underpinned by an all-or-none transition from high-alpha power enhancement and functional inhibition to low-alpha power suppression and functional activation in particular brain regions, possibly indicating a marker of maturation in empathic ability. This work advances a recent neurodevelopmental line of studies and provides insight into the functional maturation of empathy at the coming of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Zebarjadi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland
| | - Jonathan Levy
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland
- Baruch Ivcher School of PsychologyReichman UniversityHerzliyaIsrael
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4
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Ponomareva NV, Andreeva TV, Protasova MS, Kunizheva SS, Kuznetsova IL, Kolesnikova EP, Malina DD, Mitrofanov AA, Fokin VF, Illarioshkin SN, Rogaev EI. Neuronal Hyperactivation in EEG Data during Cognitive Tasks Is Related to the Apolipoprotein J/Clusterin Genotype in Nondemented Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6790. [PMID: 37047762 PMCID: PMC10095572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The clusterin (CLU) rs11136000 CC genotype is a probable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). CLU, also known as the apolipoprotein J gene, shares certain properties with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene with a well-established relationship with AD. This study aimed to determine whether the electrophysiological patterns of brain activation during the letter fluency task (LFT) depend on CLU genotypes in adults without dementia. Previous studies have shown that LFT performance involves activation of the frontal cortex. We examined EEG alpha1 and alpha2 band desynchronization in the frontal regions during the LFT in 94 nondemented individuals stratified by CLU (rs11136000) genotype. Starting at 30 years of age, CLU CC carriers exhibited more pronounced task-related alpha2 desynchronization than CLU CT&TT carriers in the absence of any differences in LFT performance. In CLU CC carriers, alpha2 desynchronization was significantly correlated with age. Increased task-related activation in individuals at genetic risk for AD may reflect greater "effort" to perform the task and/or neuronal hyperexcitability. The results show that the CLU genotype is associated with neuronal hyperactivation in the frontal cortex during cognitive tasks performances in nondemented individuals, suggesting systematic vulnerability of LFT related cognitive networks in people carrying unfavorable CLU alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya V. Ponomareva
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sochi, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Andreeva
- Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Centre for Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S. Protasova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Kunizheva
- Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina L. Kuznetsova
- Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Evgeny I. Rogaev
- Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sochi, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Umass Chan Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA
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5
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Wilkinson M, Keehn RJ, Linke A, You Y, Gao Y, Alemu K, Correas A, Rosen B, Kohli J, Wagner L, Sridhar A, Marinkovic K, Müller RA. fMRI BOLD and MEG theta power reflect complementary aspects of activity during lexicosemantic decision in adolescents with ASD. NEUROIMAGE. REPORTS 2022; 2:100134. [PMID: 36438080 PMCID: PMC9683354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been predominantly unimodal. While many fMRI studies have reported atypical activity patterns for diverse tasks, the MEG literature in ASD remains comparatively small. Our group recently reported atypically increased event-related theta power in individuals with ASD during lexicosemantic processing. The current multimodal study examined the relationship between fMRI BOLD signal and anatomically-constrained MEG (aMEG) theta power. Thirty-three adolescents with ASD and 23 typically developing (TD) peers took part in both fMRI and MEG scans, during which they distinguished between standard words (SW), animal words (AW), and pseudowords (PW). Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were derived based on task effects detected in BOLD signal and aMEG theta power. BOLD signal and theta power were extracted for each ROI and word condition. Compared to TD participants, increased theta power in the ASD group was found across several time windows and regions including left fusiform and inferior frontal, as well as right angular and anterior cingulate gyri, whereas BOLD signal was significantly increased in the ASD group only in right anterior cingulate gyrus. No significant correlations were observed between BOLD signal and theta power. Findings suggest that the common interpretation of increases in BOLD signal and theta power as 'activation' require careful differentiation, as these reflect largely distinct aspects of regional brain activity. Some group differences in dynamic neural processing detected with aMEG that are likely relevant for lexical processing may be obscured by the hemodynamic signal source and low temporal resolution of fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Wilkinson
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States,Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - R.J. Jao Keehn
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - A.C. Linke
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Y. You
- Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Y. Gao
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States,Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - K. Alemu
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - A. Correas
- Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - B.Q. Rosen
- Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - J.S. Kohli
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States,Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - L. Wagner
- Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - A. Sridhar
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - K. Marinkovic
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States,Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Radiology Department, University of California at San Diego, CA, United States
| | - R.-A. Müller
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States,Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Corresponding author. San Diego State University, 6363 Alvarado Ct., Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, United States. (R.-A. Müller)
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6
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Youssofzadeh V, Conant L, Stout J, Ustine C, Humphries C, Gross WL, Shah-Basak P, Mathis J, Awe E, Allen L, DeYoe EA, Carlson C, Anderson CT, Maganti R, Hermann B, Nair VA, Prabhakaran V, Meyerand B, Binder JR, Raghavan M. Late dominance of the right hemisphere during narrative comprehension. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119749. [PMID: 36379420 PMCID: PMC9772156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PET and fMRI studies suggest that auditory narrative comprehension is supported by a bilateral multilobar cortical network. The superior temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) makes it an attractive tool to investigate the dynamics of how different neuroanatomic substrates engage during narrative comprehension. Using beta-band power changes as a marker of cortical engagement, we studied MEG responses during an auditory story comprehension task in 31 healthy adults. The protocol consisted of two runs, each interleaving 7 blocks of the story comprehension task with 15 blocks of an auditorily presented math task as a control for phonological processing, working memory, and attention processes. Sources at the cortical surface were estimated with a frequency-resolved beamformer. Beta-band power was estimated in the frequency range of 16-24 Hz over 1-sec epochs starting from 400 msec after stimulus onset until the end of a story or math problem presentation. These power estimates were compared to 1-second epochs of data before the stimulus block onset. The task-related cortical engagement was inferred from beta-band power decrements. Group-level source activations were statistically compared using non-parametric permutation testing. A story-math contrast of beta-band power changes showed greater bilateral cortical engagement within the fusiform gyrus, inferior and middle temporal gyri, parahippocampal gyrus, and left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during story comprehension. A math-story contrast of beta power decrements showed greater bilateral but left-lateralized engagement of the middle frontal gyrus and superior parietal lobule. The evolution of cortical engagement during five temporal windows across the presentation of stories showed significant involvement during the first interval of the narrative of bilateral opercular and insular regions as well as the ventral and lateral temporal cortex, extending more posteriorly on the left and medially on the right. Over time, there continued to be sustained right anterior ventral temporal engagement, with increasing involvement of the right anterior parahippocampal gyrus, STG, MTG, posterior superior temporal sulcus, inferior parietal lobule, frontal operculum, and insula, while left hemisphere engagement decreased. Our findings are consistent with prior imaging studies of narrative comprehension, but in addition, they demonstrate increasing right-lateralized engagement over the course of narratives, suggesting an important role for these right-hemispheric regions in semantic integration as well as social and pragmatic inference processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Youssofzadeh
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA,Corresponding author. (V. Youssofzadeh)
| | - Lisa Conant
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Stout
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Candida Ustine
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - William L. Gross
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA,Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Jed Mathis
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA,Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Awe
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Linda Allen
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Edgar A. DeYoe
- Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chad Carlson
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Rama Maganti
- Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bruce Hermann
- Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Veena A. Nair
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vivek Prabhakaran
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Beth Meyerand
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Manoj Raghavan
- Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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7
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Merkel C, Hopf J, Schoenfeld MA. Electrophysiological hallmarks of location‐based and object‐based visual multiple objects tracking. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1200-1214. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Merkel
- Department of Neurology Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Jens‐Max Hopf
- Department of Neurology Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
| | - Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld
- Department of Neurology Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
- Kliniken Schmieder Heidelberg Germany
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8
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Chrabaszcz A, Wang D, Lipski W, Bush A, Crammond D, Shaiman S, Dickey M, Holt L, Turner R, Fiez J, Richardson R. Simultaneously recorded subthalamic and cortical LFPs reveal different lexicality effects during reading aloud. JOURNAL OF NEUROLINGUISTICS 2021; 60:101019. [PMID: 34305315 PMCID: PMC8294107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2021.101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many language functions are traditionally assigned to cortical brain areas, leaving the contributions of subcortical structures to language processing largely unspecified. The present study examines a potential role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in lexical processing, specifically, reading aloud of words (e.g., 'fate') and pseudowords (e.g., 'fape'). We recorded local field potentials simultaneously from the STN and the cortex (precentral, postcentral, and superior temporal gyri) of 13 people with Parkinson's disease undergoing awake deep brain stimulation and compared STN's lexicality-related neural activity with that of the cortex. Both STN and cortical activity demonstrated significant task-related modulations, but the lexicality effects were different in the two brain structures. In the STN, an increase in gamma band activity (31-70 Hz) was present in pseudoword trials compared to word trials during subjects' spoken response. In the cortex, a greater decrease in beta band activity (12-30 Hz) was observed for pseudowords in the precentral gyrus. Additionally, 11 individual cortical sites showed lexicality effects with varying temporal and topographic characteristics in the alpha and beta frequency bands. These findings suggest that the STN and the sampled cortical regions are involved differently in the processing of lexical distinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chrabaszcz
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - D. Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 100084
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - W.J. Lipski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - A. Bush
- Brain Modulation Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA, 02114
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA, 02115
| | - D.J. Crammond
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - S. Shaiman
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - M.W. Dickey
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - L.L. Holt
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - R.S. Turner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
- University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - J.A. Fiez
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
- University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, USA, 15213
| | - R.M. Richardson
- Brain Modulation Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA, 02114
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA, 02115
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9
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Zebarjadi N, Levy J. Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2355. [PMID: 34536976 PMCID: PMC8613432 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alpha oscillations are unique in their capacity to relay neuronal information through a dual-process named "gating by inhibition": rhythmic enhancement inhibits task-irrelevant regions while rhythmic suppression engages task-relevant regions in the brain. A social-cognitive process that operates by relying on the suppression of the alpha rhythm in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is the ability to generate empathy. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent studies on the neurodevelopment of empathy indicate that in younger age, empathy does not involve alpha suppression in S1 but only enhancement. More interestingly, right before adulthood, this rhythm is still enhanced, but in a remarkable shift, a pattern of suppression emerges. In this registered magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we will capture frequency-decomposed neural activity particularly at the alpha range and its corresponding hemodynamic response and target subjects at around 20 years old as a unique time-window in development that allows investigating in parallel both low-alpha suppression and high-alpha enhancement. We aim to address two questions: (a) Does alpha power suppression in the S1 region during empathy correspond to BOLD increase in this region? (b) What is the functional role of alpha power enhancement during empathy development (BOLD signal increase or decrease)? Addressing these questions will particularly advance knowledge on the process of empathy in the brain, and the way in which it is underpinned by alpha oscillations. Moreover, examining these experimental outcomes can potentially lay the ground for future studies that would further examine the role of alpha oscillations in empathy during the course of development. METHODS Brain data of forty healthy individuals close to 20 years old will be recorded in two consecutive MEG and fMRI sessions while subjects observing physical pain versus neutral stimuli. Besides, each participant's subjective experiences wll be measred by questionnaires, interviews and rating of the stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Zebarjadi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jonathan Levy
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel
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10
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Kim MY, Kwon H, Yang TH, Kim K. Vibration Alert to the Brain: Evoked and Induced MEG Responses to High-Frequency Vibrotactile Stimuli on the Index Finger of Dominant and Non-dominant Hand. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:576082. [PMID: 33250728 PMCID: PMC7674801 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.576082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, vibrotactile haptic feedback technology has been widely used for user interfaces in the mobile devices. Although functional neuroimaging studies have investigated human brain responses to different types of tactile inputs, the neural mechanisms underlying high-frequency vibrotactile perception are still relatively unknown. Our aim was to investigate neuromagnetic brain responses to high-frequency vibrotactile stimulation, using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Methods: We measured 152-channel whole-head MEG in 30 healthy, right-handed volunteers (aged 20–28 years, 15 females). A total of 300 vibrotactile stimuli were presented at the tip of either the left index finger or the right index finger in two separate sessions. Sinusoidal vibrations at 150 Hz for 200 ms were generated with random inter-stimulus intervals between 1.6 and 2.4 s. Both time-locked analysis and time-frequency analysis were performed to identify peak responses and oscillatory modulations elicited by high-frequency vibrations. The significance of the evoked and induced responses for dominant and non-dominant hand stimulation conditions was statistically tested, respectively. The difference in responses between stimulation conditions was also statistically evaluated. Results: Prominent peak responses were observed at 56 ms (M50) and at 100 ms (M100) for both stimulation conditions. The M50 response revealed clear dipolar field patterns in the contralateral side with significant cortical activations in the contralateral primary sensorimotor area, whereas the M100 response was not as prominent as the M50. Vibrotactile stimulation induced significant suppression of both alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (20–30 Hz) band activity during the mid-latency period (0.2–0.4 s), primarily in sensorimotor areas contralateral to the stimulation side. In addition, a significant alpha enhancement effect in posterior regions was accompanied with alpha suppressions in sensorimotor regions. The alpha suppression was observed in a broader distribution of cortical areas for the non-dominant hand stimulation. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that high-frequency tactile vibrations, which is known to primarily activate Pacinian corpuscles, elicit somatosensory M50 and M100 responses in the evoked fields and induce modulations of alpha and beta band oscillations during mid-latency periods. Our study is also consistent with that the primary sensorimotor area is significantly involved in the processing of high-frequency vibrotactile information with contralateral dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kim
- Quantum Technology Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyukchan Kwon
- Quantum Technology Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Tae-Heon Yang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kim
- Quantum Technology Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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11
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Gregory MD, Kippenhan JS, Callicott JH, Rubinstein DY, Mattay VS, Coppola R, Berman KF. Sequence Variation Associated with SLC12A5 Gene Expression Is Linked to Brain Structure and Function in Healthy Adults. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:4654-4661. [PMID: 30668668 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) gene, rs3918242, has been shown to affect MMP9 expression in macrophages and was associated with schizophrenia by two independent groups. However, rs3918242's effects on MMP9 expression were not replicable in cell lines or brain tissue. Additionally, publically available data indicate that rs3918242 genotype is related not to MMP9 expression, but rather to expression of SLC12A5, a nearby gene coding for a K+/Cl- cotransporter, whose expression has also been related to schizophrenia. Here, we studied brain structure and function in healthy participants stratified by rs3918242 genotype using structural MRI (N = 298), functional MRI during an N-back working memory task (N = 554), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) during the same task (N = 190). We found rs3918242 was associated with gray matter volume (GMV) in the insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally, closely replicated in discovery and replication samples; and with inferior parietal lobule (IPL) GMV when the samples were meta-analytically combined. Additionally, using both fMRI and MEG, rs3918242 was associated with right IPL working memory-related activation, replicated in two cohorts and across imaging modalities. These convergent results provide further impetus for examinations of the relationship of SLC12A5 with brain structure and function in neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gregory
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Shane Kippenhan
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Callicott
- Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Y Rubinstein
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Venkata S Mattay
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Coppola
- MEG Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Psychosis and Cognitive Studies Section, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Youssofzadeh V, Stout J, Ustine C, Gross WL, Conant LL, Humphries CJ, Binder JR, Raghavan M. Mapping language from MEG beta power modulations during auditory and visual naming. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117090. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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13
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Mostame P, Sadaghiani S. Phase- and amplitude-coupling are tied by an intrinsic spatial organization but show divergent stimulus-related changes. Neuroimage 2020; 219:117051. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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14
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Mapping critical hubs of receptive and expressive language using MEG: A comparison against fMRI. Neuroimage 2019; 201:116029. [PMID: 31325641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the widespread language network makes it challenging for accurate localization and lateralization. Using large-scale connectivity and graph-theoretical analyses of task-based magnetoencephalography (MEG), we aimed to provide robust representations of receptive and expressive language processes, comparable with spatial profiles of corresponding functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We examined MEG and fMRI data from 12 healthy young adults (age 20-37 years) completing covert auditory word-recognition task (WRT) and covert auditory verb-generation task (VGT). For MEG language mapping, broadband (3-30 Hz) beamformer sources were estimated, voxel-level connectivity was quantified using phase locking value, and highly connected hubs were characterized using eigenvector centrality graph measure. fMRI data were analyzed using a classic general linear model approach. A laterality index (LI) was computed for 20 language-specific frontotemporal regions for both MEG and fMRI. MEG network analysis showed bilateral and symmetrically distributed hubs within the left and right superior temporal gyrus (STG) during WRT and predominant hubs in left inferior prefrontal gyrus (IFG) during VGT. MEG and fMRI localization maps showed high correlation values within frontotemporal regions during WRT and VGT (r = 0.63, 0.74, q < 0.05, respectively). Despite good concordance in localization, notable discordances were observed in lateralization between MEG and fMRI. During WRT, MEG favored a left-hemispheric dominance of left STG (LI = 0.25 ± 0.22) whereas fMRI supported a bilateral representation of STG (LI = 0.08 ± 0.2). Laterality of MEG and fMRI during VGT consistently showed a strong asymmetry in left IFG regions (MEG-LI = 0.45 ± 0.35 and fMRI-LI = 0.46 ± 0.13). Our results demonstrate the utility of a large-scale connectivity and graph theoretical analyses for robust identification of language-specific regions. MEG hubs are in great agreement with the literature in revealing with canonical and extra-canonical language sites, thus providing additional support for the underlying topological organization of receptive and expressive language cortices. Discordances in lateralization may emphasize the need for multimodal integration of MEG and fMRI to obtain an excellent predictive value in a heterogeneous healthy population and patients with neurosurgical conditions.
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15
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Carhart-Harris RL, Friston KJ. REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:316-344. [PMID: 31221820 PMCID: PMC6588209 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.017160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper formulates the action of psychedelics by integrating the free-energy principle and entropic brain hypothesis. We call this formulation relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) and the anarchic brain, founded on the principle that-via their entropic effect on spontaneous cortical activity-psychedelics work to relax the precision of high-level priors or beliefs, thereby liberating bottom-up information flow, particularly via intrinsic sources such as the limbic system. We assemble evidence for this model and show how it can explain a broad range of phenomena associated with the psychedelic experience. With regard to their potential therapeutic use, we propose that psychedelics work to relax the precision weighting of pathologically overweighted priors underpinning various expressions of mental illness. We propose that this process entails an increased sensitization of high-level priors to bottom-up signaling (stemming from intrinsic sources), and that this heightened sensitivity enables the potential revision and deweighting of overweighted priors. We end by discussing further implications of the model, such as that psychedelics can bring about the revision of other heavily weighted high-level priors, not directly related to mental health, such as those underlying partisan and/or overly-confident political, religious, and/or philosophical perspectives. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelics are capturing interest, with efforts underway to bring psilocybin therapy to marketing authorisation and legal access within a decade, spearheaded by the findings of a series of phase 2 trials. In this climate, a compelling unified model of how psychedelics alter brain function to alter consciousness would have appeal. Towards this end, we have sought to integrate a leading model of global brain function, hierarchical predictive coding, with an often-cited model of the acute action of psychedelics, the entropic brain hypothesis. The resulting synthesis states that psychedelics work to relax high-level priors, sensitising them to liberated bottom-up information flow, which, with the right intention, care provision and context, can help guide and cultivate the revision of entrenched pathological priors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Carhart-Harris
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (R.L.C.-H.); and Institute of Neurology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F.)
| | - K J Friston
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (R.L.C.-H.); and Institute of Neurology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F.)
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16
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Tashiro N, Sugata H, Ikeda T, Matsushita K, Hara M, Kawakami K, Kawakami K, Fujiki M. Effect of individual food preferences on oscillatory brain activity. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01262. [PMID: 30950248 PMCID: PMC6520299 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the anticipatory stage of swallowing, sensory stimuli related to food play an important role in the behavioral and neurophysiological aspects of swallowing. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between food preferences and oscillatory brain activity during the anticipatory stage of swallowing. Therefore, to clarify the effect of individual food preferences on oscillatory brain activity, we investigated the relationship between food preferences and oscillatory brain activity during the observation of food images. METHODS Here we examined this relationship using visual food stimuli and electroencephalography (EEG). Nineteen healthy participants were presented 150 images of food in a random order and asked to rate their subjective preference for that food on a 4-point scale ranging from 1 (don't want to eat) to 4 (want to eat). Oscillation analysis was performed using a Hilbert transformation for bandpass-filtered EEG signals. RESULTS The results showed that the oscillatory beta band power on C3 significantly decreased in response to favorite foods compared to disliked food. CONCLUSION This result suggests that food preferences may impact oscillatory brain activity related to swallowing during the anticipatory stage of swallowing. This finding may lead to the development of new swallowing rehabilitation techniques for patients with dysphagia by applying food preferences to modulate oscillatory brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachie Tashiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Hisato Sugata
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Hara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawakami
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujiki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
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17
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Palacios ER, Isomura T, Parr T, Friston K. The emergence of synchrony in networks of mutually inferring neurons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6412. [PMID: 31040386 PMCID: PMC6491596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper considers the emergence of a generalised synchrony in ensembles of coupled self-organising systems, such as neurons. We start from the premise that any self-organising system complies with the free energy principle, in virtue of placing an upper bound on its entropy. Crucially, the free energy principle allows one to interpret biological systems as inferring the state of their environment or external milieu. An emergent property of this inference is synchronisation among an ensemble of systems that infer each other. Here, we investigate the implications of neuronal dynamics by simulating neuronal networks, where each neuron minimises its free energy. We cast the ensuing ensemble dynamics in terms of inference and show that cardinal behaviours of neuronal networks - both in vivo and in vitro - can be explained by this framework. In particular, we test the hypotheses that (i) generalised synchrony is an emergent property of free energy minimisation; thereby explaining synchronisation in the resting brain: (ii) desynchronisation is induced by exogenous input; thereby explaining event-related desynchronisation and (iii) structure learning emerges in response to causal structure in exogenous input; thereby explaining functional segregation in real neuronal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensor Rafael Palacios
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Takuya Isomura
- Laboratory for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Thomas Parr
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Karl Friston
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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18
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Ruzich E, Crespo‐García M, Dalal SS, Schneiderman JF. Characterizing hippocampal dynamics with MEG: A systematic review and evidence-based guidelines. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:1353-1375. [PMID: 30378210 PMCID: PMC6456020 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus, a hub of activity for a variety of important cognitive processes, is a target of increasing interest for researchers and clinicians. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an attractive technique for imaging spectro-temporal aspects of function, for example, neural oscillations and network timing, especially in shallow cortical structures. However, the decrease in MEG signal-to-noise ratio as a function of source depth implies that the utility of MEG for investigations of deeper brain structures, including the hippocampus, is less clear. To determine whether MEG can be used to detect and localize activity from the hippocampus, we executed a systematic review of the existing literature and found successful detection of oscillatory neural activity originating in the hippocampus with MEG. Prerequisites are the use of established experimental paradigms, adequate coregistration, forward modeling, analysis methods, optimization of signal-to-noise ratios, and protocol trial designs that maximize contrast for hippocampal activity while minimizing those from other brain regions. While localizing activity to specific sub-structures within the hippocampus has not been achieved, we provide recommendations for improving the reliability of such endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ruzich
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MedTech West, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy & the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Sarang S. Dalal
- Center of Functionally Integrative NeuroscienceAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Justin F. Schneiderman
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MedTech West, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy & the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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19
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Steiger TK, Herweg NA, Menz MM, Bunzeck N. Working memory performance in the elderly relates to theta-alpha oscillations and is predicted by parahippocampal and striatal integrity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:706. [PMID: 30679512 PMCID: PMC6345832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to maintain information for a short period of time (i.e. working memory, WM) tends to decrease across the life span with large inter-individual variability; the underlying neuronal bases, however, remain unclear. To address this issue, we used a multimodal imaging approach (voxel-based morphometry, diffusion-tensor imaging, electroencephalography) to test the contribution of brain structures and neural oscillations in an elderly population. Thirty-one healthy elderly participants performed a change-detection task with different load conditions. As expected, accuracy decreased with increasing WM load, reflected by power modulations in the theta-alpha band (5-12 Hz). Importantly, these power changes were directly related to the tract strength between parahippocampus and parietal cortex. Furthermore, between-subject variance in gray matter volume of the parahippocampus and dorsal striatum predicted WM accuracy. Together, our findings provide new evidence that WM performance critically depends on parahippocampal and striatal integrity, while theta-alpha oscillations may provide a mechanism to bind the nodes within the WM network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke K Steiger
- Institute of Psychology I, University of Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany. .,Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nora A Herweg
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mareike M Menz
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Bunzeck
- Institute of Psychology I, University of Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany. .,Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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20
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Galinsky VL, Martinez A, Paulus MP, Frank LR. Joint Estimation of Effective Brain Wave Activation Modes Using EEG/MEG Sensor Arrays and Multimodal MRI Volumes. Neural Comput 2018; 30:1725-1749. [PMID: 29652588 PMCID: PMC6031448 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this letter, we present a new method for integration of sensor-based multifrequency bands of electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography data sets into a voxel-based structural-temporal magnetic resonance imaging analysis by utilizing the general joint estimation using entropy regularization (JESTER) framework. This allows enhancement of the spatial-temporal localization of brain function and the ability to relate it to morphological features and structural connectivity. This method has broad implications for both basic neuroscience research and clinical neuroscience focused on identifying disease-relevant biomarkers by enhancing the spatial-temporal resolution of the estimates derived from current neuroimaging modalities, thereby providing a better picture of the normal human brain in basic neuroimaging experiments and variations associated with disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly L Galinsky
- Center for Scientific Computation in Imaging and Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, and Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, U.S.A
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, U.S.A
| | - Lawrence R Frank
- Center for Scientific Computation in Imaging and Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, U.S.A
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21
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Pu Y, Cheyne DO, Cornwell BR, Johnson BW. Non-invasive Investigation of Human Hippocampal Rhythms Using Magnetoencephalography: A Review. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:273. [PMID: 29755314 PMCID: PMC5932174 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal rhythms are believed to support crucial cognitive processes including memory, navigation, and language. Due to the location of the hippocampus deep in the brain, studying hippocampal rhythms using non-invasive magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings has generally been assumed to be methodologically challenging. However, with the advent of whole-head MEG systems in the 1990s and development of advanced source localization techniques, simulation and empirical studies have provided evidence that human hippocampal signals can be sensed by MEG and reliably reconstructed by source localization algorithms. This paper systematically reviews simulation studies and empirical evidence of the current capacities and limitations of MEG “deep source imaging” of the human hippocampus. Overall, these studies confirm that MEG provides a unique avenue to investigate human hippocampal rhythms in cognition, and can bridge the gap between animal studies and human hippocampal research, as well as elucidate the functional role and the behavioral correlates of human hippocampal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas O Cheyne
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian R Cornwell
- Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Blake W Johnson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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22
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Teige C, Mollo G, Millman R, Savill N, Smallwood J, Cornelissen PL, Jefferies E. Dynamic semantic cognition: Characterising coherent and controlled conceptual retrieval through time using magnetoencephalography and chronometric transcranial magnetic stimulation. Cortex 2018; 103:329-349. [PMID: 29684752 PMCID: PMC6002612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Distinct neural processes are thought to support the retrieval of semantic information that is (i) coherent with strongly-encoded aspects of knowledge, and (ii) non-dominant yet relevant for the current task or context. While the brain regions that support readily coherent and more controlled patterns of semantic retrieval are relatively well-characterised, the temporal dynamics of these processes are not well-understood. This study used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and dual-pulse chronometric transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTMS) in two separate experiments to examine temporal dynamics during the retrieval of strong and weak associations. MEG results revealed a dissociation within left temporal cortex: anterior temporal lobe (ATL) showed greater oscillatory response for strong than weak associations, while posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) showed the reverse pattern. Left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), a site associated with semantic control and retrieval, showed both patterns at different time points. In the cTMS experiment, stimulation of ATL at ∼150 msec disrupted the efficient retrieval of strong associations, indicating a necessary role for ATL in coherent conceptual activations. Stimulation of pMTG at the onset of the second word disrupted the retrieval of weak associations, suggesting this site may maintain information about semantic context from the first word, allowing efficient engagement of semantic control. Together these studies provide converging evidence for a functional dissociation within the temporal lobe, across both tasks and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Teige
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, UK
| | - Giovanna Mollo
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, UK
| | - Rebecca Millman
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, Division of Human Communication, Development and Hearing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Nicola Savill
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, UK; School of Psychology and Social Science, York St John University, York, UK
| | - Jonathan Smallwood
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth Jefferies
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, UK.
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23
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Stickland R, Allen M, Magazzini L, Singh KD, Wise RG, Tomassini V. Neurovascular Coupling During Visual Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis: A MEG-fMRI Study. Neuroscience 2018; 403:54-69. [PMID: 29580963 PMCID: PMC6458991 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A reduced electrophysiological response to a visual stimulus in MS, characterized by reduced gamma power (30–80 Hz), with MEG. A reduced hemodynamic response to a visual stimulus in MS, characterized by reduced BOLD and CBF responses, with fMRI. The coupling between gamma power and BOLD/CBF was not significantly impaired in the MS group.
The process of neurovascular coupling ensures that increases in neuronal activity are fed by increases in cerebral blood flow. Evidence suggests that neurovascular coupling may be impaired in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) due to a combination of brain hypoperfusion, altered cerebrovascular reactivity and oxygen metabolism, and altered levels of vasoactive compounds. Here, we tested the hypothesis that neurovascular coupling is impaired in MS. We characterized neurovascular coupling as the relationship between changes in neuronal oscillatory power within the gamma frequency band (30–80 Hz), as measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG), and associated hemodynamic changes (blood oxygenation level dependent, BOLD, and cerebral blood flow, CBF) as measured by functional MRI. We characterized these responses in the visual cortex in 13 MS patients and in 10 matched healthy controls using a reversing checkerboard stimulus at five visual contrasts. There were no significant group differences in visual acuity, P100 latencies, occipital gray matter (GM) volumes and baseline CBF. However, in the MS patients we found a significant reduction in peak gamma power, BOLD and CBF responses. There were no significant differences in neurovascular coupling between groups, in the visual cortex. Our results suggest that neuronal and vascular responses are altered in MS. Gamma power reduction could be an indicator of GM dysfunction, possibly mediated by GABAergic changes. Altered hemodynamic responses confirm previous reports of a vascular dysfunction in MS. Despite altered neuronal and vascular responses, neurovascular coupling appears to be preserved in MS, at least within the range of damage and disability studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Stickland
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Marek Allen
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Lorenzo Magazzini
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Krish D Singh
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Richard G Wise
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Valentina Tomassini
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University School of Psychology, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital Wales, Heath Park, CF14 4XN, UK.
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Allen C, Singh KD, Verbruggen F, Chambers CD. Evidence for parallel activation of the pre-supplementary motor area and inferior frontal cortex during response inhibition: a combined MEG and TMS study. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171369. [PMID: 29515852 PMCID: PMC5830741 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
This pre-registered experiment sought to uncover the temporal relationship between the inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) during stopping of an ongoing action. Both regions have previously been highlighted as being central to cognitive control of actions, particularly response inhibition. Here we tested which area is activated first during the stopping process using magnetoencephalography, before assessing the relative chronometry of each region using functionally localized transcranial magnetic stimulation. Both lines of evidence pointed towards simultaneous activity across both regions, suggesting that parallel, mutually interdependent processing may form the cortical basis of stopping. Additional exploratory analysis, however, provided weak evidence in support of previous suggestions that the pre-SMA may provide an ongoing drive of activity to the IFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Allen
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Krish D. Singh
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Frederick Verbruggen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Christopher D. Chambers
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
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Mollo G, Jefferies E, Cornelissen P, Gennari SP. Context-dependent lexical ambiguity resolution: MEG evidence for the time-course of activity in left inferior frontal gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2018; 177-178:23-36. [PMID: 29421269 PMCID: PMC5840520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An MEG study investigated the role of context in semantic interpretation by examining the comprehension of ambiguous words in contexts leading to different interpretations. We compared high-ambiguity words in minimally different contexts (to bowl, the bowl) to low-ambiguity counterparts (the tray, to flog). Whole brain beamforming revealed the engagement of left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and posterior middle temporal gyrus (LPMTG). Points of interest analyses showed that both these sites showed a stronger response to verb-contexts by 200 ms post-stimulus and displayed overlapping ambiguity effects that were sustained from 300 ms onwards. The effect of context was stronger for high-ambiguity words than for low-ambiguity words at several different time points, including within the first 100 ms post-stimulus. Unlike LIFG, LPMTG also showed stronger responses to verb than noun contexts in low-ambiguity trials. We argue that different functional roles previously attributed to LIFG and LPMTG are in fact played out at different periods during processing.
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Foley E, Rippon G, Senior C. Modulation of Neural Oscillatory Activity during Dynamic Face Processing. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 30:338-352. [PMID: 29160744 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Various neuroimaging and neurophysiological methods have been used to examine neural activation patterns in response to faces. However, much of previous research has relied on static images of faces, which do not allow a complete description of the temporal structure of face-specific neural activities to be made. More recently, insights are emerging from fMRI studies about the neural substrates that underpin our perception of naturalistic dynamic face stimuli, but the temporal and spectral oscillatory activity associated with processing dynamic faces has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we used MEG and beamformer source localization to examine the spatiotemporal profile of neurophysiological oscillatory activity in response to dynamic faces. Source analysis revealed a number of regions showing enhanced activation in response to dynamic relative to static faces in the distributed face network, which were spatially coincident with regions that were previously identified with fMRI. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that perception of realistic dynamic facial stimuli activates a distributed neural network at varying time points facilitated by modulations in low-frequency power within alpha and beta frequency ranges (8-30 Hz). Naturalistic dynamic face stimuli may provide a better means of representing the complex nature of perceiving facial expressions in the real world, and neural oscillatory activity can provide additional insights into the associated neural processes.
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Pre-surgical mapping of eloquent cortex for paediatric epilepsy surgery candidates: Evidence from a review of advanced functional neuroimaging. Seizure 2017; 52:136-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Dong S, Jeong J. Process-specific analysis in episodic memory retrieval using fast optical signals and hemodynamic signals in the right prefrontal cortex. J Neural Eng 2017; 15:015001. [PMID: 28984578 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aa91b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Memory is formed by the interaction of various brain functions at the item and task level. Revealing individual and combined effects of item- and task-related processes on retrieving episodic memory is an unsolved problem because of limitations in existing neuroimaging techniques. To investigate these issues, we analyze fast and slow optical signals measured from a custom-built continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-fNIRS) system. APPROACH In our work, we visually encode the words to the subjects and let them recall the words after a short rest. The hemodynamic responses evoked by the episodic memory are compared with those evoked by the semantic memory in retrieval blocks. In the fast optical signal, we compare the effects of old and new items (previously seen and not seen) to investigate the item-related process in episodic memory. The Kalman filter is simultaneously applied to slow and fast optical signals in different time windows. MAIN RESULTS A significant task-related HbR decrease was observed in the episodic memory retrieval blocks. Mean amplitude and peak latency of a fast optical signal are dependent upon item types and reaction time, respectively. Moreover, task-related hemodynamic and item-related fast optical responses are correlated in the right prefrontal cortex. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that episodic memory is retrieved from the right frontal area by a functional connectivity between the maintained mental state through retrieval and item-related transient activity. To the best of our knowledge, this demonstration of functional NIRS research is the first to examine the relationship between item- and task-related memory processes in the prefrontal area using single modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Dong
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Meltzer JA, Kielar A, Panamsky L, Links KA, Deschamps T, Leigh RC. Electrophysiological signatures of phonological and semantic maintenance in sentence repetition. Neuroimage 2017; 156:302-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Sugata H, Hirata M, Tamura Y, Onishi H, Goto T, Araki T, Yorifuji S. Frequency-dependent oscillatory neural profiles during imitation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45806. [PMID: 28393878 PMCID: PMC5385530 DOI: 10.1038/srep45806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Imitation is a complex process that includes higher-order cognitive and motor function. This process requires an observation-execution matching system that transforms an observed action into an identical movement. Although the low-gamma band is thought to reflect higher cognitive processes, no studies have focused on it. Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine the neural oscillatory changes including the low-gamma band during imitation. Twelve healthy, right-handed participants performed a finger task consisting of four conditions (imitation, execution, observation, and rest). During the imitation and execution conditions, significant event-related desynchronizations (ERDs) were observed at the left frontal, central, and parietal MEG sensors in the alpha, beta, and low-gamma bands. Functional connectivity analysis at the sensor level revealed an imitation-related connectivity between a group of frontal sensors and a group of parietal sensors in the low-gamma band. Furthermore, source reconstruction with synthetic aperture magnetometry showed significant ERDs in the low-gamma band in the left sensorimotor area and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) during the imitation condition when compared with the other three conditions. Our results suggest that the oscillatory neural activities of the low-gamma band at the sensorimotor area and MFG play an important role in the observation-execution matching system related to imitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Sugata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 E6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita, 870-1192, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hirata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 E6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Endowed Research Department of Clinical Neuroengineering, Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tamura
- Division of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisao Onishi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka, 583-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsu Goto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 E6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Araki
- Division of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiro Yorifuji
- Division of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Youssofzadeh V, Williamson BJ, Kadis DS. Mapping Critical Language Sites in Children Performing Verb Generation: Whole-Brain Connectivity and Graph Theoretical Analysis in MEG. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:173. [PMID: 28424604 PMCID: PMC5380724 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A classic left frontal-temporal brain network is known to support language processes. However, the level of participation of constituent regions, and the contribution of extra-canonical areas, is not fully understood; this is particularly true in children, and in individuals who have experienced early neurological insult. In the present work, we propose whole-brain connectivity and graph-theoretical analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG) source estimates to provide robust maps of the pediatric expressive language network. We examined neuromagnetic data from a group of typically-developing young children (n = 15, ages 4–6 years) and adolescents (n = 14, 16–18 years) completing an auditory verb generation task in MEG. All source analyses were carried out using a linearly-constrained minimum-variance (LCMV) beamformer. Conventional differential analyses revealed significant (p < 0.05, corrected) low-beta (13–23 Hz) event related desynchrony (ERD) focused in the left inferior frontal region (Broca’s area) in both groups, consistent with previous studies. Connectivity analyses were carried out in broadband (3–30 Hz) on time-course estimates obtained at the voxel level. Patterns of connectivity were characterized by phase locking value (PLV), and network hubs identified through eigenvector centrality (EVC). Hub analysis revealed the importance of left perisylvian sites, i.e., Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, across groups. The hemispheric distribution of frontal and temporal lobe EVC values was asymmetrical in most subjects; left dominant EVC was observed in 20% of young children, and 71% of adolescents. Interestingly, the adolescent group demonstrated increased critical sites in the right cerebellum, left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and left putamen. Here, we show that whole brain connectivity and network analysis can be used to map critical language sites in typical development; these methods may be useful for defining the margins of eloquent tissue in neurosurgical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Youssofzadeh
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium (PNRC), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brady J Williamson
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium (PNRC), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Darren S Kadis
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium (PNRC), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA.,College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, USA
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Gaglianese A, Vansteensel MJ, Harvey BM, Dumoulin SO, Petridou N, Ramsey NF. Correspondence between fMRI and electrophysiology during visual motion processing in human MT. Neuroimage 2017; 155:480-489. [PMID: 28389384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in brain neuronal activity are reflected by hemodynamic responses mapped through Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a primary tool to measure brain functioning non-invasively. However, the exact relationship between hemodynamics and neuronal function is still a matter of debate. Here, we combine 3T BOLD fMRI and High Frequency Band (HFB) electrocorticography (ECoG) signals to investigate the relationship between neuronal activity and hemodynamic responses in the human Middle Temporal complex (hMT+), a higher order brain area involved in visual motion processing. We modulated the ECoG HFB and fMRI BOLD responses with a visual stimulus moving at different temporal frequencies, and compared measured BOLD responses to estimated BOLD responses that were predicted from the temporal profile of the HFB power change. We show that BOLD responses under an electrode over hMT+ can be well predicted not only be the strength of the neuronal response but also by the temporal profile of the HFB responses recorded by this electrode. Our results point to a linear relationship between BOLD and neuronal activity in hMT+, extending previous findings on primary cortex to higher order cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gaglianese
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska J Vansteensel
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ben M Harvey
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands
| | - Serge O Dumoulin
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands; Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Petridou
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nick F Ramsey
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
This paper revisits the dynamic causal modelling of fMRI timeseries by replacing the usual (Taylor) approximation to neuronal dynamics with a neural mass model of the canonical microcircuit. This provides a generative or dynamic causal model of laminar specific responses that can generate haemodynamic and electrophysiological measurements. In principle, this allows the fusion of haemodynamic and (event related or induced) electrophysiological responses. Furthermore, it enables Bayesian model comparison of competing hypotheses about physiologically plausible synaptic effects; for example, does attentional modulation act on superficial or deep pyramidal cells – or both? In this technical note, we describe the resulting dynamic causal model and provide an illustrative application to the attention to visual motion dataset used in previous papers. Our focus here is on how to answer long-standing questions in fMRI; for example, do haemodynamic responses reflect extrinsic (afferent) input from distant cortical regions, or do they reflect intrinsic (recurrent) neuronal activity? To what extent do inhibitory interneurons contribute to neurovascular coupling? What is the relationship between haemodynamic responses and the frequency of induced neuronal activity? This paper does not pretend to answer these questions; rather it shows how they can be addressed using neural mass models of fMRI timeseries. This paper describes a DCM for fMRI based on neural mass models and canonical microcircuits. This enables the (Bayesian) fusion of EEG and fMRI data. That encompasses the formal modelling of neurovascular coupling. Offers a surprising insight into the relationship between haemodynamic and electrophysiological responses.
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Differential effects of ongoing EEG beta and theta power on memory formation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171913. [PMID: 28192459 PMCID: PMC5305097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, elevated ongoing pre-stimulus beta power (13–17 Hz) at encoding has been associated with subsequent memory formation for visual stimulus material. It is unclear whether this activity is merely specific to visual processing or whether it reflects a state facilitating general memory formation, independent of stimulus modality. To answer that question, the present study investigated the relationship between neural pre-stimulus oscillations and verbal memory formation in different sensory modalities. For that purpose, a within-subject design was employed to explore differences between successful and failed memory formation in the visual and auditory modality. Furthermore, associative memory was addressed by presenting the stimuli in combination with background images. Results revealed that similar EEG activity in the low beta frequency range (13–17 Hz) is associated with subsequent memory success, independent of stimulus modality. Elevated power prior to stimulus onset differentiated successful from failed memory formation. In contrast, differential effects between modalities were found in the theta band (3–7 Hz), with an increased oscillatory activity before the onset of later remembered visually presented words. In addition, pre-stimulus theta power dissociated between successful and failed encoding of associated context, independent of the stimulus modality of the item itself. We therefore suggest that increased ongoing low beta activity reflects a memory promoting state, which is likely to be moderated by modality-independent attentional or inhibitory processes, whereas high ongoing theta power is suggested as an indicator of the enhanced binding of incoming interlinked information.
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Hacker CD, Snyder AZ, Pahwa M, Corbetta M, Leuthardt EC. Frequency-specific electrophysiologic correlates of resting state fMRI networks. Neuroimage 2017; 149:446-457. [PMID: 28159686 PMCID: PMC5745814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting state functional MRI (R-fMRI) studies have shown that slow (< 0.1 Hz), intrinsic fluctuations of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal are temporally correlated within hierarchically organized functional systems known as resting state networks (RSNs) (Doucet et al., 2011). Most broadly, this hierarchy exhibits a dichotomy between two opposed systems (Fox et al., 2005). One system engages with the environment and includes the visual, auditory, and sensorimotor (SMN) networks as well as the dorsal attention network (DAN), which controls spatial attention. The other system includes the default mode network (DMN) and the fronto-parietal control system (FPC), RSNs that instantiate episodic memory and executive control, respectively. Here, we test the hypothesis, based on the spectral specificity of electrophysiologic responses to perceptual vs. memory tasks (Klimesch, 1999; Pfurtscheller and Lopes da Silva, 1999), that these two large-scale neural systems also manifest frequency specificity in the resting state. We measured the spatial correspondence between electrocorticographic (ECoG) band-limited power (BLP) and R-fMRI correlation patterns in awake, resting, human subjects. Our results show that, while gamma BLP correspondence was common throughout the brain, theta (4–8 Hz) BLP correspondence was stronger in the DMN and FPC, whereas alpha (8–12 Hz) correspondence was stronger in the SMN and DAN. Thus, the human brain, at rest, exhibits frequency specific electrophysiology, respecting both the spectral structure of task responses and the hierarchical organization of RSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl D Hacker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States.
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States
| | - Mrinal Pahwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States
| | - Eric C Leuthardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, United States
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Papadelis C, Arfeller C, Erla S, Nollo G, Cattaneo L, Braun C. Inferior frontal gyrus links visual and motor cortices during a visuomotor precision grip force task. Brain Res 2016; 1650:252-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nugent AC, Luber B, Carver FW, Robinson SE, Coppola R, Zarate CA. Deriving frequency-dependent spatial patterns in MEG-derived resting state sensorimotor network: A novel multiband ICA technique. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:779-791. [PMID: 27770478 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, independent components analysis (ICA) of resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings has revealed resting state networks (RSNs) that exhibit fluctuations of band-limited power envelopes. Most of the work in this area has concentrated on networks derived from the power envelope of beta bandpass-filtered data. Although research has demonstrated that most networks show maximal correlation in the beta band, little is known about how spatial patterns of correlations may differ across frequencies. This study analyzed MEG data from 18 healthy subjects to determine if the spatial patterns of RSNs differed between delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma, and high gamma frequency bands. To validate our method, we focused on the sensorimotor network, which is well-characterized and robust in both MEG and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) resting state data. Synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM) was used to project signals into anatomical source space separately in each band before a group temporal ICA was performed over all subjects and bands. This method preserved the inherent correlation structure of the data and reflected connectivity derived from single-band ICA, but also allowed identification of spatial spectral modes that are consistent across subjects. The implications of these results on our understanding of sensorimotor function are discussed, as are the potential applications of this technique. Hum Brain Mapp 38:779-791, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Nugent
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bruce Luber
- Noninvasive Neurostimulation Unit, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Frederick W Carver
- Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen E Robinson
- Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard Coppola
- Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Pavlova M, Sokolov A. Prior Knowledge about Display Inversion in Biological Motion Perception. Perception 2016; 32:937-46. [PMID: 14580140 DOI: 10.1068/p3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Display inversion severely impedes veridical perception of point-light biological motion (Pavlova and Sokolov, 2000 Perception & Psychophysics62 889–899; Sumi, 1984 Perception13 283–286). Here, by using a spontaneous-recognition paradigm, we ask whether prior information about display orientation improves biological motion perception. Participants were shown a set of 180° inverted point-light stimuli depicting a human walker and quadrupeds (dogs). In experiment 1, one group of observers was not aware of the orientation of stimuli, whereas the other group was told beforehand that stimuli will be presented upside down. In experiment 2, independent groups of participants informed about stimulus orientation saw the same set of stimuli, in each of which either a moving or a static background line was inserted. The findings indicate that information about display inversion is insufficient for reliable recognition of inverted point-light biological motion. Instead, prior information facilitates display recognition only when it is complemented by additional contextual elements. It appears that visual impressions from inverted point-light stimuli remain impenetrable with respect to one's knowledge about display orientation. The origins of orientation specificity in biological motion perception are discussed in relation to the recent neuroimaging data obtained with point-light stimuli and fragmented Mooney faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pavlova
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Child Development, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 1, Tübingen, Germany.
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Kielar A, Deschamps T, Jokel R, Meltzer JA. Functional reorganization of language networks for semantics and syntax in chronic stroke: Evidence from MEG. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:2869-93. [PMID: 27091757 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Using magnetoencephalography, we investigated the potential of perilesional and contralesional activity to support language recovery in patients with poststroke aphasia. In healthy young controls, left-lateralized ventral frontotemporal regions responded to semantic anomalies during sentence comprehension and bilateral dorsal frontoparietal regions responded to syntactic anomalies. Older adults showed more extensive bilateral responses to the syntactic anomalies and less lateralized responses to the semantic anomalies, with decreased activation in the left occipital and parietal regions for both semantic and syntactic anomalies. In aphasic participants, we observed compensatory recruitment in the right hemisphere (RH), which varied depending on the type of linguistic information that was processed. For semantic anomalies, aphasic patients activated some preserved left hemisphere regions adjacent to the lesion, as well as homologous parietal and temporal RH areas. Patients also recruited right inferior and dorsolateral frontal cortex that was not activated in the healthy participants. Responses for syntactic anomalies did not reach significance in patients. Correlation analyses indicated that recruitment of homologous temporoparietal RH areas is associated with better semantic performance, whereas higher accuracy on the syntactic task was related to bilateral superior temporoparietal and right frontal activity. The results suggest that better recovery of semantic processing is associated with a shift to ventral brain regions in the RH. In contrast, preservation of syntactic processing is mediated by dorsal areas, bilaterally, although recovery of syntactic processing tends to be poorer than semantic. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2869-2893, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kielar
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiffany Deschamps
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Regina Jokel
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jed A Meltzer
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Muthukumaraswamy SD, Routley B, Droog W, Singh KD, Hamandi K. The effects of AMPA blockade on the spectral profile of human early visual cortex recordings studied with non-invasive MEG. Cortex 2016; 81:266-75. [PMID: 27209006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The generation of gamma-band (>30 Hz) cortical activity is thought to depend on the reciprocal connections of excitatory glutamatergic principal cells with inhibitory GABAergic interneurons. Both in vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that blockade of glutamatergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors reduces the amplitude of gamma-band activity. In this registered report, we hypothesised that similar effects would be observed in humans following administration of perampanel, a first in class AMPA antagonist, used in the treatment of epilepsy. In a single-blind placebo-controlled crossover study, 20 healthy male participants completed two study days. On one day participants were given a 6 mg dose of perampanel and on the other an inactive placebo. magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of brain activity were taken before and two hours after drug administration, with activity in the visual cortex probed using a stimulation protocol known to induce gamma-band activity in the primary visual cortex. As hypothesised, our results indicated a decrease in gamma-band amplitudes following perampanel administration. The decreases in gamma-band amplitudes observed were temporally restricted to the early time-period of stimulus presentation (up to 400 msec) with no significant effects observed on early evoked responses or alpha rhythms. This suggests that the early time-window of induced visual gamma-band activity, thought to reflect input to the visual cortex from the lateral geniculate nucleus, is most sensitive to AMPA blocking drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh D Muthukumaraswamy
- School of Pharmacy, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Psychology, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | | | | | - Krish D Singh
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Khalid Hamandi
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom; The Epilepsy Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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41
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Tewarie P, Bright MG, Hillebrand A, Robson SE, Gascoyne LE, Morris PG, Meier J, Van Mieghem P, Brookes MJ. Predicting haemodynamic networks using electrophysiology: The role of non-linear and cross-frequency interactions. Neuroimage 2016; 130:273-292. [PMID: 26827811 PMCID: PMC4819720 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the electrophysiological basis of resting state networks (RSNs) in the human brain is a critical step towards elucidating how inter-areal connectivity supports healthy brain function. In recent years, the relationship between RSNs (typically measured using haemodynamic signals) and electrophysiology has been explored using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). Significant progress has been made, with similar spatial structure observable in both modalities. However, there is a pressing need to understand this relationship beyond simple visual similarity of RSN patterns. Here, we introduce a mathematical model to predict fMRI-based RSNs using MEG. Our unique model, based upon a multivariate Taylor series, incorporates both phase and amplitude based MEG connectivity metrics, as well as linear and non-linear interactions within and between neural oscillations measured in multiple frequency bands. We show that including non-linear interactions, multiple frequency bands and cross-frequency terms significantly improves fMRI network prediction. This shows that fMRI connectivity is not only the result of direct electrophysiological connections, but is also driven by the overlap of connectivity profiles between separate regions. Our results indicate that a complete understanding of the electrophysiological basis of RSNs goes beyond simple frequency-specific analysis, and further exploration of non-linear and cross-frequency interactions will shed new light on distributed network connectivity, and its perturbation in pathology. We introduce a mathematical model to predict fMRI-based RSNs using MEG. Our model is based on a multi-variate Taylor series expansion. The electrophysiological basis of RSNs goes beyond frequency-band specific analysis. RSNs result 1) from multiple frequency bands and cross-frequency coupling. RSNs result 2) from direct and shared electrophysiological connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tewarie
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - M G Bright
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Hillebrand
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S E Robson
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L E Gascoyne
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P G Morris
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Meier
- Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - P Van Mieghem
- Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - M J Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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42
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Niccolai V, van Dijk H, Franzkowiak S, Finis J, Südmeyer M, Jonas M, Thomalla G, Siebner HR, Müller-Vahl K, Münchau A, Schnitzler A, Biermann-Ruben K. Increased beta rhythm as an indicator of inhibitory mechanisms in tourette syndrome. Mov Disord 2015; 31:384-92. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.26454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Niccolai
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Hanneke van Dijk
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Stephanie Franzkowiak
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Jennifer Finis
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Martin Südmeyer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Melanie Jonas
- Department of Psychology; Hamburg University; Hamburg Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE); Hamburg Germany
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance; Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Neurology; Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg
| | - Kirsten Müller-Vahl
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry; University of Lübeck
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Katja Biermann-Ruben
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf University; Düsseldorf Germany
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O'Neill GC, Barratt EL, Hunt BAE, Tewarie PK, Brookes MJ. Measuring electrophysiological connectivity by power envelope correlation: a technical review on MEG methods. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:R271-95. [PMID: 26447925 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/21/r271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The human brain can be divided into multiple areas, each responsible for different aspects of behaviour. Healthy brain function relies upon efficient connectivity between these areas and, in recent years, neuroimaging has been revolutionised by an ability to estimate this connectivity. In this paper we discuss measurement of network connectivity using magnetoencephalography (MEG), a technique capable of imaging electrophysiological brain activity with good (~5 mm) spatial resolution and excellent (~1 ms) temporal resolution. The rich information content of MEG facilitates many disparate measures of connectivity between spatially separate regions and in this paper we discuss a single metric known as power envelope correlation. We review in detail the methodology required to measure power envelope correlation including (i) projection of MEG data into source space, (ii) removing confounds introduced by the MEG inverse problem and (iii) estimation of connectivity itself. In this way, we aim to provide researchers with a description of the key steps required to assess envelope based functional networks, which are thought to represent an intrinsic mode of coupling in the human brain. We highlight the principal findings of the techniques discussed, and furthermore, we show evidence that this method can probe how the brain forms and dissolves multiple transient networks on a rapid timescale in order to support current processing demand. Overall, power envelope correlation offers a unique and verifiable means to gain novel insights into network coordination and is proving to be of significant value in elucidating the neural dynamics of the human connectome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C O'Neill
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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44
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Minimum variance beamformer weights revisited. Neuroimage 2015; 120:201-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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45
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Dynamic causal modelling of EEG and fMRI to characterize network architectures in a simple motor task. Neuroimage 2015; 124:498-508. [PMID: 26334836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) has extended the understanding of brain network dynamics in a variety of functional systems. In the motor system, DCM studies based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or on magneto-/electroencephalography (M/EEG) have demonstrated movement-related causal information flow from secondary to primary motor areas and have provided evidence for nonlinear cross-frequency interactions among motor areas. The present study sought to investigate to what extent fMRI- and EEG-based DCM might provide complementary and synergistic insights into neuronal network dynamics. Both modalities share principal similarities in the formulation of the DCM. Thus, we hypothesized that DCM based on induced EEG responses (DCM-IR) and on fMRI would reveal congruent task-dependent network dynamics. Brain electrical (63-channel surface EEG) and Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signals were recorded in separate sessions from 14 healthy participants performing simple isometric right and left hand grips. DCM-IR and DCM-fMRI were used to estimate coupling parameters modulated by right and left hand grips within a core motor network of six regions comprising bilateral primary motor cortex (M1), ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and supplementary motor area (SMA). We found that DCM-fMRI and DCM-IR similarly revealed significant grip-related increases in facilitatory coupling between SMA and M1 contralateral to the active hand. A grip-dependent interhemispheric reciprocal inhibition between M1 bilaterally was only revealed by DCM-fMRI but not by DCM-IR. Frequency-resolved coupling analysis showed that the information flow from contralateral SMA to M1 was predominantly a linear alpha-to-alpha (9-13Hz) interaction. We also detected some cross-frequency coupling from SMA to contralateral M1, i.e., between lower beta (14-21Hz) at the SMA and higher beta (22-30Hz) at M1 during right hand grip and between alpha (9-13Hz) at SMA and lower beta (14-21Hz) at M1 during left hand grip. In conclusion, the strategy of informing EEG source-space configurations with fMRI-derived coordinates, cross-validating basic connectivity maps and analysing frequency coding allows for deeper insight into the motor network architecture of the human brain. The present results provide evidence for the robustness of non-invasively measured causal information flow from secondary motor areas such as SMA towards M1 and further contribute to the validation of the methodological approach of multimodal DCM to explore human network dynamics.
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46
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Chu RKO, Braun AR, Meltzer JA. MEG-based detection and localization of perilesional dysfunction in chronic stroke. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 8:157-69. [PMID: 26106540 PMCID: PMC4473381 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Post-stroke impairment is associated not only with structural lesions, but also with dysfunction in surviving perilesional tissue. Previous studies using equivalent current dipole source localization of MEG/EEG signals have demonstrated a preponderance of slow-wave activity localized to perilesional areas. Recent studies have also demonstrated the utility of nonlinear analyses such as multiscale entropy (MSE) for quantifying neuronal dysfunction in a wide range of pathologies. The current study utilized beamformer-based reconstruction of signals in source space to compare spectral and nonlinear measures of electrical activity in perilesional and healthy cortices. Data were collected from chronic stroke patients and healthy controls, both young and elderly. We assessed relative power in the delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (15–30 Hz) frequency bands, and also measured the nonlinear complexity of electrical activity using MSE. Perilesional tissue exhibited a general slowing of the power spectrum (increased delta/theta, decreased beta) as well as a reduction in MSE. All measures tested were similarly sensitive to changes in the posterior perilesional regions, but anterior perilesional dysfunction was detected better by MSE and beta power. The findings also suggest that MSE is specifically sensitive to electrophysiological dysfunction in perilesional tissue, while spectral measures were additionally affected by an increase in rolandic beta power with advanced age. Furthermore, perilesional electrophysiological abnormalities in the left hemisphere were correlated with the degree of language task-induced activation in the right hemisphere. Finally, we demonstrate that single subject spectral and nonlinear analyses can identify dysfunctional perilesional regions within individual patients that may be ideal targets for interventions with noninvasive brain stimulation. We assessed the spontaneous MEG activity of perilesional tissue in stroke. We observed perilesional spectral slowing and reduced signal complexity. We demonstrate a method to identify dysfunctional tissue within a single subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron K O Chu
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychology, 100 St. George Street, 4th Floor, Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada ; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, 3560 Bathurst St., Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Allen R Braun
- Language Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jed A Meltzer
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychology, 100 St. George Street, 4th Floor, Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada ; University of Toronto, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada ; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, 3560 Bathurst St., Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada ; Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, 600 Peter Morand Cres., Suite 201, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
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47
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Thompson EA, Xiang J, Wang Y. Frequency-spatial beamformer for MEG source localization. Biomed Signal Process Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Styliadis C, Ioannides AA, Bamidis PD, Papadelis C. Distinct cerebellar lobules process arousal, valence and their interaction in parallel following a temporal hierarchy. Neuroimage 2015; 110:149-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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49
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Ard T, Carver FW, Holroyd T, Horwitz B, Coppola R. Detecting Functional Connectivity During Audiovisual Integration with MEG: A Comparison of Connectivity Metrics. Brain Connect 2015; 5:336-48. [PMID: 25599264 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2014.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In typical magnetoencephalography and/or electroencephalography functional connectivity analysis, researchers select one of several methods that measure a relationship between regions to determine connectivity, such as coherence, power correlations, and others. However, it is largely unknown if some are more suited than others for various types of investigations. In this study, the authors investigate seven connectivity metrics to evaluate which, if any, are sensitive to audiovisual integration by contrasting connectivity when tracking an audiovisual object versus connectivity when tracking a visual object uncorrelated with the auditory stimulus. The authors are able to assess the metrics' performances at detecting audiovisual integration by investigating connectivity between auditory and visual areas. Critically, the authors perform their investigation on a whole-cortex all-to-all mapping, avoiding confounds introduced in seed selection. The authors find that amplitude-based connectivity measures in the beta band detect strong connections between visual and auditory areas during audiovisual integration, specifically between V4/V5 and auditory cortices in the right hemisphere. Conversely, phase-based connectivity measures in the beta band as well as phase and power measures in alpha, gamma, and theta do not show connectivity between audiovisual areas. The authors postulate that while beta power correlations detect audiovisual integration in the current experimental context, it may not always be the best measure to detect connectivity. Instead, it is likely that the brain utilizes a variety of mechanisms in neuronal communication that may produce differential types of temporal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Ard
- 1 Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) , National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,2 Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Frederick W Carver
- 1 Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) , National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tom Holroyd
- 1 Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) , National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Barry Horwitz
- 3 Brain Imaging and Modeling Section, Voice, Speech, and Language Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard Coppola
- 1 Magnetoencephalography Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) , National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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50
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Language-motor interference reflected in MEG beta oscillations. Neuroimage 2015; 109:438-48. [PMID: 25576646 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the brain's motor system in action-related language processing can lead to overt interference with simultaneous action execution. The aim of the current study was to find evidence for this behavioural interference effect and to investigate its neurophysiological correlates using oscillatory MEG analysis. Subjects performed a semantic decision task on single action verbs, describing actions executed with the hands or the feet, and abstract verbs. Right hand button press responses were given for concrete verbs only. Therefore, longer response latencies for hand compared to foot verbs should reflect interference. We found interference effects to depend on verb imageability: overall response latencies for hand verbs did not differ significantly from foot verbs. However, imageability interacted with effector: while response latencies to hand and foot verbs with low imageability were equally fast, those for highly imageable hand verbs were longer than for highly imageable foot verbs. The difference is reflected in motor-related MEG beta band power suppression, which was weaker for highly imageable hand verbs compared with highly imageable foot verbs. This provides a putative neuronal mechanism for language-motor interference where the involvement of cortical hand motor areas in hand verb processing interacts with the typical beta suppression seen before movements. We found that the facilitatory effect of higher imageability on action verb processing time is perturbed when verb and motor response relate to the same body part. Importantly, this effect is accompanied by neurophysiological effects in beta band oscillations. The attenuated power suppression around the time of movement, reflecting decreased cortical excitability, seems to result from motor simulation during action-related language processing. This is in line with embodied cognition theories.
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