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Abou-Taleb BA, El-Hadidy WF, Masoud IM, Matar NA, Hussein HS. Dihydroquercetin nanoparticles nasal gel is a promising formulation for amelioration of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Pharm 2024; 666:124814. [PMID: 39384026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Dihydroquercetin is a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. Dihydroquercetin exhibits a great neuroprotector promise in Alzheimer's disorder via preventing the aggregation of amyloid-beta-peptide-Aβ(1-42). The goal of the study was to create dihydroquercetin-loaded-chitosan nanoparticles (DHQ-CS NPs) loaded to a mucoadhesive, thermosensitive in-situ gel for direct nasal administration to cure Alzheimer's disorder. Loading drug in chitosan nanoparticles and incorporation into thermosensitive gel enhanced residence time and reduced mucociliary-clearance. Different in-vitro-physicochemical-characteristics of gels and nanoparticles-characterization were used to evaluate the formulations. The therapeutic effectiveness of DHQ-CS NPs gel was evaluated behaviorally, biochemically and histopathologically in Alzheimer's-rat-model compared to intranasal DHQ gel. The small particles-size was obtained = 235.3 nm of DHQ-CS NPs. The DHQ-CS NPs gel demonstrated a greater release rate compared to the raw DHQ gel. Additionally, the nasal-administration of the DHQ-CS NPs gel showed better In-vivo results compared to DHQ gel, through improvement of memory and learning deficits and also the exploratory behavior and new object memory in streptozotocin induced-Alzheimer rats. Biochemically, the intranasal DHQ-CS NPs gel, showed reduced both Aβ-protein formation and tau protein hyperphosphorylation, inhibition of acetylcholine esterase activity and oxidative stress in the brain with increase of total antioxidants in the brain and serum, compared to DHQ gel. Histopathologically, the DHQ-CS NPs nasal gel produced improvement in the hippocampal and cerebral cortex structures, being comparable to the normal group. Consequently, the intranasal DHQ-CS NPs loaded in-situ gel seems to be a promising therapeutic formulation for Alzheimer's disease medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant A Abou-Taleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmacy Practices, Alexandria University Hospitals, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Wessam F El-Hadidy
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Inas M Masoud
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noura A Matar
- Department of Histochemistry & Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda S Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hosseini M, Bardaghi Z, Askarpour H, Rajabian A, Mahmoudabady M, Shabab S, Samadi‐Noshahr Z, Salmani H. Minocycline mitigates sepsis-induced neuroinflammation and promotes recovery in male mice: Insights into neuroprotection and inflammatory modulation. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e70032. [PMID: 39370294 PMCID: PMC11456363 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with brain injury and acute brain inflammation, which can potentially transition into chronic inflammation, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses that may lead to neurological disorders. Minocycline, recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties, was investigated in this study for its protective effects against sepsis-induced brain injury. Adult male C57 mice pretreated with minocycline (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) 3 days before sepsis induction. An intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS was used to induce sepsis. Spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) and weight changes were assessed over several days post-sepsis to monitor the recovery of the mice. The expression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress markers was assessed 24 h post sepsis. Septic mice exhibited significant weight loss and impaired SLA. Initially, minocycline did not attenuate the severity of weight loss (1 day) or SLA (4 h post-sepsis), but it significantly accelerated the recovery of the mice in later days. Minocycline dose-dependently mitigated sepsis-induced brain inflammation and oxidative stress. Our findings demonstrate that pretreatment with minocycline has the potential to prevent brain tissue damage and accelerate recovery from sepsis in mice, suggesting that minocycline may serve as a promising therapeutic intervention to protect against sepsis-induced neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hosseini
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Bardaghi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Hedyeh Askarpour
- Bioenvironmental Health Hazards Research CenterJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Neuroscience Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maryam Mahmoudabady
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Sadegh Shabab
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Samadi‐Noshahr
- Chabahar Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of MedicineIranshahr University of Medical SciencesChabaharIran
| | - Hossein Salmani
- Bioenvironmental Health Hazards Research CenterJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineSabzevar University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Eleiwa NZH, Elsayed ASF, Said EN, Metwally MMM, Abd-Elhakim YM. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate alters neurobehavioral responses and oxidative status, architecture, and GFAP and BDNF signaling in juvenile rat's brain: Protective role of Coenzyme10. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114372. [PMID: 38113957 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a phthalate plasticizer, is widely spread in the environment, presenting hazards to human health and food safety. Hence, this study examined the probable preventive role of coenzyme10 (CQ10) (10 mg/kg.b.wt) against DEHP (500 mg/kg.wt) - induced neurotoxic and neurobehavioral impacts in juvenile (34 ± 1.01g and 3 weeks old) male Sprague Dawley rats in 35-days oral dosing trial. The results indicated that CQ10 significantly protected against DEHP-induced memory impairment, anxiety, depression, spatial learning disorders, and repetitive/stereotypic-like behavior. Besides, the DEHP-induced depletion in dopamine and gamma amino butyric acid levels was significantly restored by CQ10. Moreover, CQ10 significantly protected against the exhaustion of CAT, GPx, SOD, GSH, and GSH/GSSG ratio, as well as the increase in malondialdehyde, Caspas-3, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha brain content accompanying with DEHP exposure. Furthermore, CQ10 significantly protected the brain from the DEHP-induced neurodegenerative alterations. Also, the increased immunoexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, not glial fibrillary acidic protein, in the cerebral, hippocampal, and cerebellar brain tissues due to DEHP exposure was alleviated with CQ10. This study's findings provide conclusive evidence that CQ10 has the potential to be used as an efficient natural protective agent against the neurobehavioral and neurotoxic consequences of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Z H Eleiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Alaa S F Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Enas N Said
- Department of Behaviour and Management of Animal, Poultry and Aquatic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, Egypt; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Almulla AF, Thipakorn Y, Algon AAA, Tunvirachaisakul C, Al-Hakeim HK, Maes M. Reverse cholesterol transport and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in major depression and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:374-388. [PMID: 37557967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are linked to immune activation, increased oxidative stress, and lower antioxidant defenses. OBJECTIVES To systematically review and meta-analyze all data concerning biomarkers of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), lipid-associated antioxidants, lipid peroxidation products, and autoimmune responses to oxidatively modified lipid epitopes in MDD and BD. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Google scholar and SciFinder were searched to identify eligible studies from inception to January 10th, 2023. Guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS The current meta-analysis included 176 studies (60 BD and 116 MDD) and examined 34,051 participants, namely 17,094 with affective disorders and 16,957 healthy controls. Patients with MDD and BD showed a) significantly decreased RCT (mainly lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and paraoxonase 1); b) lowered lipid soluble vitamins (including vitamin A, D, and coenzyme Q10); c) increased lipid peroxidation and aldehyde formation, mainly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal, peroxides, and 8-isoprostanes; and d) Immunoglobulin (Ig)G responses to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and IgM responses to MDA. The ratio of all lipid peroxidation biomarkers/all lipid-associated antioxidant defenses was significantly increased in MDD (standardized mean difference or SMD = 0.433; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.312; 0.554) and BD (SMD = 0.653; CI: 0.501-0.806). This ratio was significantly greater in BD than MDD (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION In MDD/BD, lowered RCT, a key antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathway, may drive increased lipid peroxidation, aldehyde formation, and autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes, which all together cause increased immune-inflammatory responses and neuro-affective toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas F Almulla
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yanin Thipakorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University in Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Psychiatry, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Zhang X, Hou L, Guo Z, Wang G, Xu J, Zheng Z, Sun K, Guo F. Lipid peroxidation in osteoarthritis: focusing on 4-hydroxynonenal, malondialdehyde, and ferroptosis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:320. [PMID: 37644030 PMCID: PMC10465515 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial and increasingly prevalent degenerative disease that affects the whole joint. The pathogenesis of OA is poorly understood and there is a lack of therapeutic interventions to reverse the pathological process of this disease. Accumulating studies have shown that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced lipid peroxidation are involved in the pathogenesis of OA. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have received considerable attention for their role in cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodeling during OA development. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death characterized by a lack of control of membrane lipid peroxidation and recent studies have suggested that chondrocyte ferroptosis contributes to OA progression. In this review, we aim to discuss lipid peroxidation-derived 4-HNE and MDA in the progression of OA. In addition, the therapeutic potential for OA by controlling the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Liangcai Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhou Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Genchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jingting Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zehang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Irani S, Zhandi M, Sadeghi M, Yousefi AR, Marzban H, Rafieian-Naeini HR. The effect of dietary supplementation of coenzyme Q10 on reproductive variables of cadmium-challenged male Japanese quails (Coturnix Japonica). Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:837-850. [PMID: 36318374 PMCID: PMC10029911 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, efforts to produce more efficient poultry products have increased due to its high demand. Meanwhile, some stressors have a negative impact on poultry efficiency and reproduction. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with a high potential for inducing reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), with antioxidant properties, exerts a free radical-neutralizing effect on biological systems under stressful conditions. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary CoQ10 supplementation on reproductive variables of Cd-challenged male quails. METHODS Two hundred and sixteen 42-day-old Japanese quails with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3 were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 72) and fed by experimental diets from 9 to 13 weeks of age (woa). Treatments included a negative control (NC): feeding basal diet; positive control (PC): feeding basal diet and Cd administration (1 mg per 100 g body weight at 10 and 11 woa); and CdQ10: dietary supplementation of CoQ10 (900 mg per kg diet) and Cd administration. At 10 and 13 woa, liver and testis, cloacal gland index, sera concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), testicular histology, mRNA abundance of Hsp70 and fatty acid profile of testis, as well as hatchability and fertility, were measured. RESULTS Liver and testis weights, cloacal gland index, serum concentration of testosterone, ALT, MDA, TAC, mRNA abundance of HSP70, hatchability, and fertility were not affected by the treatments. However, Cd administration decreased seminiferous tubule diameter and seminiferous epithelium thickness (SET) in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). The proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in testis tissue was increased, and the proportion of PUFA and n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio was decreased in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). In addition, CoQ10 supplementation ameliorated the effect of Cd on decreasing SFA and increasing n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio proportions. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Cd exerts several adverse effects on reproductive-associated variables; some, but not all, of them are mitigated by CoQ10 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Irani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zhandi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Yousefi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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Charlton NC, Mastyugin M, Török B, Török M. Structural Features of Small Molecule Antioxidants and Strategic Modifications to Improve Potential Bioactivity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031057. [PMID: 36770724 PMCID: PMC9920158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys the major structural features in various groups of small molecules that are considered to be antioxidants, including natural and synthetic compounds alike. Recent advances in the strategic modification of known small molecule antioxidants are also described. The highlight is placed on changing major physicochemical parameters, including log p, bond dissociation energy, ionization potential, and others which result in improved antioxidant activity.
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Adán Areán JS, Vico TA, Marchini T, Calabró V, Evelson PA, Vanasco V, Alvarez S. Energy management and mitochondrial dynamics in cerebral cortex during endotoxemia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 705:108900. [PMID: 33964247 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in inflammatory processes such as sepsis or endotoxemia, contributing to organ-cellular redox metabolism, emerging as the energy hub of the cell, and as an important center of action of second messengers. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the energy state, redox balance, and mitochondrial remodeling status in cerebral cortex in an experimental model of endotoxemia. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a single dose of LPS (ip 8 mg kg-1 body weight) for 6 h. State 3 O2 consumption was observed increased, ATP production and P/O ratio were observed decreased, probably indicating an inefficient oxidative phosphorylation process. O2- production and both systemic and tissue NO markers were observed increased in treated animals. The existence of nitrated proteins suggests an alteration in the local redox balance and possible harmful effects over energetic processes. Increases in PGC-1α and mtTFA expression, and in OPA-1 expression, suggest an increase in de novo formation of mitochondria and fusion of pre-existing mitochondria. The observed elongation of mitochondria correlates with the occurrence of mild mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of systemic NO. Our work presents novel results that contribute to unravel the mechanism by which the triad endotoxemia-redox homeostasis-energy management interact in the cerebral cortex, leading to propose a relevant mechanism for future developing therapeutics with the aim of preserving this organ from inflammatory and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Santiago Adán Areán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Tamara Antonela Vico
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Timoteo Marchini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Valeria Calabró
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Pablo Andrés Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Virginia Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
| | - Silvia Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Junín 946, C1113AAD, CABA, Argentina.
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Karimi A, Naeini F, Asghari Azar V, Hasanzadeh M, Ostadrahimi A, Niazkar HR, Mobasseri M, Tutunchi H. A comprehensive systematic review of the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of quercetin in sepsis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:153567. [PMID: 33940332 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Several studies have indicated that flavonoids exhibit a wide variety of biological actions including free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities. Quercetin, one of the most extensively distributed flavonoids in the vegetables and fruits, presents various biological activities including modulation of oxidative stress, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. METHODS The present systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements. We searched Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to February 2021 by using the relevant keywords. RESULTS Out of 672 records screened, 35 articles met the study criteria. The evidence reviewed here indicates that quercetin supplementation may exert beneficial effects on sepsis by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress, downregulating the mRNA expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs), modulating the immune response, and alleviating sepsis-related organ dysfunctions. CONCLUSION Due to the promising therapeutic effects of quercetin on sepsis complications and the lack of clinical trials in this regard, future human randomized clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Karimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghari Azar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Biology, Ardabil Branch Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Niazkar
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Sousa MSB, Alves DVDS, Monteiro HMC, Gomes DA, Lira EC, Amancio-Dos-Santos A. Sepsis impairs the propagation of cortical spreading depression in rats and this effect is prevented by antioxidant extract. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 24:130-139. [PMID: 31030633 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1602987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by acute inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which is implicated in cerebral dysfunction. Murici (Byrsonimacrassifolia (L.) Kunth) is a fruit rich in antioxidant compounds, which could be an alternative to prevent damage to tissues induced by sepsis . Here, we evaluated the effects of sepsis on the propagation of cortical spreading depression (CSD) and oxidative stress, and tested the action of murici antioxidant extract in prevention against the effect of sepsis. Male Wistar rats (90-210 days, n = 40) were previously supplemented, orogastrically, with murici extract (150 mg/kg/day or 300 mg/kg/day), or an equivalent volume of the vehicle solution, for fifteen days. Then the animals were subjected to experimental sepsis through cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Subsequently, CSD recordings were obtained and brain oxidative stress was evaluated. Sepsis decelerated CSD and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the brain cortex of the animals. In contrast, septic rats that had been previously supplemented with murici antioxidant extract in doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg/day showed an increase in CSD propagation velocity, low levels of MDA and GSH/GSSG ratio and an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, regardless of the dose tested. Our results demonstrate that sepsis affects brain excitability and that this effect can be prevented by murici antioxidant extract. The effects of sepsis and/or murici extract on CSD may be due to the oxidative state of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Carvalho Lira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, UFPE, Recife, Brazil
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Akbari A, Mobini GR, Agah S, Morvaridzadeh M, Omidi A, Potter E, Fazelian S, Ardehali SH, Daneshzad E, Dehghani S. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation and oxidative stress parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 76:1483-1499. [PMID: 32583356 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-02919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with several chronic complications and diseases. The use of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjuvant treatment with routine clinical therapy against metabolic diseases has shown to be beneficial. However, the impact of CoQ10 as a preventive agent against OS has not been systematically investigated. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation on OS parameters. Standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for net changes in OS parameters using a random-effects model. RESULTS Seventeen randomized clinical trials met the eligibility criteria to be included in the meta-analysis. Overall, CoQ10 supplementation was associated with a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD - 0.94; 95% CI - 1.46, - 0.41; I2 = 87.7%) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 0.67; 95% CI 0.28, 1.07; I2 = 74.9%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD 0.40; 95% CI 1.12, 0.67; I2 = 9.6%). The meta-analysis found no statistically significant impact of CoQ10 supplementation on nitric oxide (NO) (SMD - 1.40; 95% CI - 0.12, 1.93; I2 = 92.6%), glutathione (GSH) levels (SMD 0.41; 95% CI - 0.09, 0.91; I2 = 70.0%), catalase (CAT) activity (SMD 0.36; 95% CI - 0.46, 1.18; I2 = 90.0%), or glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities (SMD - 1.40; 95% CI: - 0.12, 1.93; I2 = 92.6%). CONCLUSION CoQ10 supplementation, in the tested range of doses, was shown to reduce MDA concentrations, and increase TAC and antioxidant defense system enzymes. However, there were no significant effects of CoQ10 on NO, GSH concentrations, or CAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mobini
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (SkUMS), Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Omidi
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Eric Potter
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Ardehali
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Reitsema VA, Star BS, de Jager VD, van Meurs M, Henning RH, Bouma HR. Metabolic Resuscitation Strategies to Prevent Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:134-152. [PMID: 30403161 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Sepsis is the main cause of death among patients admitted to the intensive care unit. As current treatment is limited to antimicrobial therapy and supportive care, mortality remains high, which warrants efforts to find novel therapies. Recent Advances: Mitochondrial dysfunction is emerging as a key process in the induction of organ dysfunction during sepsis, and metabolic resuscitation might reveal to be a novel cornerstone in the treatment of sepsis. Critical Issues: Here, we review novel strategies to maintain organ function in sepsis by precluding mitochondrial dysfunction by lowering energetic demand to allow preservation of adenosine triphosphate-levels, while reducing free radical generation. As the most common strategy to suppress metabolism, that is, cooling, does not reveal unequivocal beneficial effects and may even increase mortality, caloric restriction or modulation of energy-sensing pathways (i.e., sirtuins and AMP-activated protein kinase) may offer safe alternatives. Similar effects may be offered when mimicking hibernation by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). In addition H2S may also confer beneficial effects through upregulation of antioxidant mechanisms, similar to the other gasotransmitters nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, which display antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis. In addition, oxidative stress may be averted by systemic or mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, of which a wide range are able to lower inflammation, as well as reduce organ dysfunction and mortality from sepsis. Future Directions: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. As a consequence, metabolic resuscitation might reveal to be a novel cornerstone in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A Reitsema
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan S Star
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent D de Jager
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matijs van Meurs
- 2 Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert H Henning
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hjalmar R Bouma
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,3 Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Wu Y, Yao YM, Lu ZQ. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets in sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:451-462. [PMID: 30788535 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated response to severe infection characterized by life-threatening organ failure and is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Multiple organ failure is the central characteristic of sepsis and is associated with poor outcome of septic patients. Ultrastructural damage to the mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction are reported in sepsis. Mitochondrial dysfunction with subsequent ATP deficiency, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and cytochrome c release are all considered to contribute to organ failure. Consistent mitochondrial dysfunction leads to reduced mitochondrial quality control capacity, which eliminates dysfunctional and superfluous mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial quality is controlled through a series of processes including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and transport processes. Several studies have indicated that multiple organ failure is ameliorated by restoring mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and is further amplified by defective quality control mechanisms. This review will focus on advances concerning potential mechanisms in regulating mitochondrial quality control and impacts of mitochondrial quality control on the progression of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,College of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Staszek P, Krasuska U, Otulak-Kozieł K, Fettke J, Gniazdowska A. Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1077. [PMID: 31616445 PMCID: PMC6763595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Canavanine (CAN) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid synthesized in legumes. In mammalians, as arginine analogue, it is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CAN-induced nitric oxide level limitation on the antioxidant system and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) metabolism in roots of tomato seedlings. Treatment with CAN (10 or 50 µM) for 24-72 h led to restriction in root growth. Arginine-dependent NOS-like activity was almost completely inhibited, demonstrating direct effect of CAN action. CAN increased total antioxidant capacity and the level of sulphydryl groups. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in CAN exposed roots. CAN supplementation resulted in the decrease of transcript levels of genes coding CAT (with the exception of CAT1). Genes coding SOD (except MnSOD and CuSOD) were upregulated by CAN short treatment; prolonged exposition to 50-µM CAN resulted in downregulation of FeSOD, CuSOD, and SODP-2. Activity of glutathione reductase dropped down after short-term (10-µM CAN) supplementation, while glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. Transcript levels of glutathione reductase genes declined in response to CAN. Genes coding glutathione peroxidase were upregulated by 50-µM CAN, while 10-µM CAN downregulated GSHPx1. Inhibition of NOS-like activity by CAN resulted in lower GSNO accumulation in root tips. Activity of GSNO reductase was decreased by short-term supplementation with CAN. In contrast, GSNO reductase protein abundance was higher, while transcript levels were slightly altered in roots exposed to CAN. This is the first report on identification of differentially nitrated proteins in response to supplementation with nonproteinogenic amino acid. Among nitrated proteins differentially modified by CAN, seed storage proteins (after short-term CAN treatment) and components of the cellular redox system (after prolonged CAN supplementation) were identified. The findings demonstrate that due to inhibition of NOS-like activity, CAN leads to modification in antioxidant system. Limitation in GSNO level is due to lower nitric oxide formation, while GSNO catabolism is less affected. We demonstrated that monodehydroascorbate reductase, activity of which is inhibited in roots of CAN-treated plants, is the protein preferentially modified by tyrosine nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Staszek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Pawel Staszek, ;
| | - Urszula Krasuska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Gniazdowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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Yang J, Tian H, Huang X. Tephrosin attenuates sepsis induced acute lung injury in rats by impeding expression of ICAM-1 and MIP-2. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:93-99. [PMID: 29432911 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), a devastating form of respiratory infections, is characterized by increased edema, release of cytokines, weakened arterial oxygenation and infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes. The objective of the research envisaged was to reveal protective effects of tephrosin (TP) in ALI. In the present investigation, sepsis was triggered in rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method, and TP was administered intraperitonially. Five groups - Group A (control), Group B (Sham group) Group C (infected and untreated), and Group D and E (infected and treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg TP respectively) - of ten rats each, were used for the investigation. Evaluation parameters included measurement of arterial oxygenation, lung water content, protein determination, cytokine determination, neutrophil and lymphocyte count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). As indicated by histopathological examination, the lung injury score was maximum in group C, but indicated reduction in group D and E. Intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) are known to be important mediators responsible for ALI. Reduction in the ICAM-1 and MIP-2 expression was found to reduce after treatment with TP. In comparison to group D, group E reflected higher magnitude of ICAM-1 and MIP-2 suppression due to administration of higher TP dose. Compared to Group A and B, Group E indicated slightly higher expression of ICAM-1 and MIP-2. The research envisaged thus supports that TP attenuates ICAM-1 and MIP-2 expression in sepsis induced ALI rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaorong Yang
- Emergency Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Helan Tian
- Emergency Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Xiaomo Huang
- Emergency Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
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Lone Y, Bhide M, Koiri RK. Amelioratory effect of coenzyme Q10 on potential human carcinogen Microcystin-LR induced toxicity in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 102:176-185. [PMID: 28219701 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcystins are a group of cyclic heptapeptide toxins produced by cyanobacteria. More than 100 microcystin analogues have been detected, among which microcystin-LR is the most abundant and toxic variant. Present study was designed to reveal whether potential human carcinogen microcystin-LR could imbalance the glycolytic-oxidative-nitrosative status of heart, kidney and spleen of mice and also to explore the amelioratory effect of coenzyme Q10 on microcystin-LR induced toxicity. Microcystin-LR was administered at a dose of 10 μg/kg bw/day, ip for 14 days in male mice. In microcystin-LR treated mice as compared to control, significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, lactate dehydrogenase, nitric oxide with a concomitant decrease in the level of glutathione was observed, suggesting microcystin-LR induced toxicity via induction of oxidative-nitrosative-glycolytic pathway. Although several studies have evaluated numerous antioxidants but still there is no effective chemoprotectant against microcystin-LR induced toxicity. When microcystin-LR treated mice were co-administered coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg bw/day, im) for 14 days, it was observed that coenzyme Q10 ameliorates microcystin-LR induced toxicity via modulation of glycolytic-oxidative-nitrosative stress pathway. Thus, the results suggest that coenzyme Q10 has a potential to be developed as preventive agent against microcystin-LR induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqoob Lone
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Mangla Bhide
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Raj Kumar Koiri
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India.
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Park E, Chun HS. Melatonin Attenuates Manganese and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Activation of BV2 Microglia. Neurochem Res 2016; 42:656-666. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Krasuska U, Ciacka K, Orzechowski S, Fettke J, Bogatek R, Gniazdowska A. Modification of the endogenous NO level influences apple embryos dormancy by alterations of nitrated and biotinylated protein patterns. PLANTA 2016; 244:877-91. [PMID: 27299743 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
NO donors and Arg remove dormancy of apple embryos and stimulate germination. Compounds lowering NO level (cPTIO, L -NAME, CAN) strengthen dormancy. Embryo transition from dormancy state to germination is linked to increased nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like activity. Germination of embryos is associated with declined level of biotin containing proteins and nitrated proteins in soluble protein fraction of root axis. Pattern of nitrated proteins suggest that storage proteins are putative targets of nitration. Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a key regulatory factor in removal of seed dormancy and is a signal necessary for seed transition from dormant state into germination. Modulation of NO concentration in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) embryos by NO fumigation, treatment with NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine, SNAP), application of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), N ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), canavanine (CAN) or arginine (Arg) allowed us to investigate the NO impact on seed dormancy status. Arg analogs and NO scavenger strengthened embryo dormancy by lowering reactive nitrogen species level in embryonic axes. This effect was accompanied by strong inhibition of NOS-like activity, without significant influence on tissue NO2 (-) concentration. Germination sensu stricto of apple embryos initiated by dormancy breakage via short term NO treatment or Arg supplementation were linked to a reduced level of biotinylated proteins in root axis. Decrease of total soluble nitrated proteins was observed at the termination of germination sensu stricto. Also modulation of NO tissue status leads to modification in nitrated protein pattern. Among protein bands that correspond to molecular mass of approximately 95 kDa, storage proteins (legumin A-like and seed biotin-containing protein) were identified, and can be considered as good markers for seed dormancy status. Moreover, pattern of nitrated proteins suggest that biotin containing proteins are also targets of nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Krasuska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ciacka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Orzechowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Renata Bogatek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gniazdowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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Megías C, Cortés-Giraldo I, Giron-Calle J, Alaiz M, Vioque J. Free amino acids, including canavanine, in the seeds from 32 Vicia species belonging to subgenus Vicilla. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Çelik N, Vurmaz A, Kahraman A. Protective effect of quercetin on homocysteine-induced oxidative stress. Nutrition 2016; 33:291-296. [PMID: 27717661 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether quercetin (QUER) treatment could have a protective effect against oxidative stress induced by homocysteinemia in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (adult) were assigned randomly to four groups: the control group was given physiological saline (PS; 1.5 mL/d); the QUER group was given QUER (50 mg/kg body weight [BW] daily) in distilled water and 0.25 mL PS; the homocysteine (HCY) group was given HCY (1 mg/kg BW daily) in distilled water and 1.25 mL PS; and the QUER + HCY group was given QUER 1 h before the administration of HCY. QUER, HCY, and PS were injected intraperitoneally every other day for 30 d. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, erythrocyte-reduced glutathione (GSH), plasma sulphydril (-SH) levels, erythrocyte catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined. RESULTS Plasma CAT levels in the QUER group were found to be significantly higher than in the control group, whereas plasma MDA levels in the QUER group significantly decreased compared with the control group. In the HCY group, plasma MDA and carbonyl levels significantly increased and GSH and SOD levels significantly decreased compared with the control group. Plasma MDA levels significantly decreased and GSH and CAT levels significantly increased in the QUER + HCY group compared with the HCY group. Plasma -SH levels were significantly lower in the HCY group than in the control group. Plasma -SH levels were higher in the QUER + HCY group than in the HCY group, but they were not significant. CONCLUSION The exposure of rats to HCY leads to oxidative stress reflected in increased MDA and decreased antioxidant enzyme levels. Administration of QUER might attenuate oxidative damage induced by HCY or have a protective effect against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naime Çelik
- Atatürk Vocational School of Health Service, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Vurmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kahraman
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Krasuska U, Andrzejczak O, Staszek P, Borucki W, Gniazdowska A. Toxicity of canavanine in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots is due to alterations in RNS, ROS and auxin levels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 103:84-95. [PMID: 26986929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Canavanine (CAN) is non-proteinogenic aminoacid and a structural analog of arginine (Arg). Naturally, CAN occurs in legumes e.g. jack bean and is considered as a strong allelochemical. As a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase in mammalians, it could act as a modifier of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in plants. Modifications in the content of endogenous reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence root structure and architecture, being also under hormonal control. The aim of the work was to investigate regulation of root growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Malinowy Ożarowski) seedling by application of CAN at concentration (10 and 50 μM) leading to 50% or 100% restriction of root elongation. CAN at higher concentration led to slight DNA fragmentation, increased total RNA and protein level. Decline in total respiration rate after CAN supplementation was not associated with enhanced membrane permeability. Malformations in root morphology (shorter and thicker roots, limited number of lateral roots) were accompanied by modification in NO and ONOO(-) localization; determined mainly in peridermal cells and some border cells. Although, CAN resulted in low RNS production, addition of exogenous NO by usage of NO donors did not reverse its negative effect, nor recovery effect was detected after roots imbibition in Arg. To build up a comprehensive view on mode of action of CAN as root growth inhibitor, it was shown an elevated level of auxin. To summarize, we demonstrated several secondary mode of action of CAN, indicating its toxicity in plants linked to restriction in RNS formation accompanied by simultaneous overaccumulation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wojciech Borucki
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Krasuska U, Andrzejczak O, Staszek P, Bogatek R, Gniazdowska A. Canavanine Alters ROS/RNS Level and Leads to Post-translational Modification of Proteins in Roots of Tomato Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:840. [PMID: 27379131 PMCID: PMC4905978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Canavanine (CAN), a structural analog of arginine (Arg), is used as a selective inhibitor of inducible NOS in mammals. CAN is incorporated into proteins' structure in the place of Arg, leading to the formation of aberrant compounds. This non-protein amino acid is found in legumes, e.g., Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. or Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. and acts as a strong toxin against herbivores or plants. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings were treated for 24-72 h with CAN (10 or 50 μM) inhibiting root growth by 50 or 100%, without lethal effect. We determined ROS level/production in root extracts, fluorescence of DAF-FM and APF derivatives corresponding to RNS level in roots of tomato seedlings and linked CAN-induced restriction of root growth to the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins: carbonylation and nitration. Both PTMs are stable markers of nitro-oxidative stress, regarded as the plant's secondary response to phytotoxins. CAN enhanced H2O2 content and superoxide radicals generation in extracts of tomato roots and stimulated formation of protein carbonyl groups. An elevated level of carbonylated proteins was characteristic for the plants after 72 h of the culture, mainly for the roots exposed to 10 μM CAN. The proteolytic activity was stimulated by tested non-protein amino acid. CAN treatment led to decline of fluorescence of DAF-FM derivatives, and transiently stimulated fluorescence of APF derivatives. Short-term exposure of tomato seedlings to CAN lowered the protein nitration level. Activity of peroxidase, polyamine oxidase and NADPH oxidase, enzymes acting as modulators of H2O2 concentration and governing root architecture and growth were determined. Activities of all enzymes were stimulated by CAN, but no strict CAN concentration dependence was observed. We conclude, that although CAN treatment led to a decline in the nitric oxide level, PTMs observed in roots of plants exposed to CAN are linked rather to the formation of carbonyl groups than to nitration, and are detected particularly after 24 h. Thus, oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of proteins seems to be of significant importance in the rapid response of plants to CAN.
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LPS-induced oxidative inflammation and hyperlipidemia in male rats: The protective role of Origanum majorana extract. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Neyrinck AM, Catry E, Sohet FM, Cani PD, Pachikian BD, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM. Lack of anti-inflammatory effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation in the liver of rodents after lipopolysaccharide challenge. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Erbaş O, Taşkıran D. Sepsis-induced changes in behavioral stereotypy in rats; involvement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, oxidative stress, and dopamine turnover. J Surg Res 2014; 186:262-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Matouk AI, Taye A, Heeba GH, El-Moselhy MA. Quercetin augments the protective effect of losartan against chronic doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:443-450. [PMID: 23770454 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine whether the co-administration of quercetin (QRN) and losartan (LOS) can produce additional protective effects against chronic DOX cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (DOX) in a cumulative dose of 15mg/kg for two weeks. Results revealed that DOX administration exhibited elevated serum levels of TNF-α, creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in addition to increased myocardial lipid peroxide (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) alongside attenuating cardiac antioxidant defense system of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. DOX produced leukocyte infiltration and myocardial lesions. Pretreatment with QRN (10mg/kg, orally) solely or in combination with LOS (0.7mg/kg, orally) for 6 weeks markedly ameliorated all these biochemical characteristics, and substantially reduced the myocardium peroxidative damage. The protective effects obtained by LOS were more pronounced by its combination with QRN. Our results suggest that quercetin potentially augmented the cardioprotective effect of losartan against chronic DOX cardiotoxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa I Matouk
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Taye
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Gehan H Heeba
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Steckert AV, Comim CM, Mina F, Mendonça BP, Dominguini D, Ferreira GK, Carvalho-Silva M, Vieira JS, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Late brain alterations in sepsis-survivor rats. Synapse 2013; 67:786-93. [PMID: 23740866 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction secondary to sepsis is characterized by long-term cognitive impairment. It was observed that oxidative damage, energetic metabolism impairment, and cytokine level alteration seen in early times in an animal model of sepsis may persist for up to 10 days and might be associated with cognitive damage. In order to understand these mechanisms, at least in part, we evaluated the effects of sepsis on cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), oxidative parameters, and energetic metabolism in the brain of rats at both 30 and 60 days after sepsis induction by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). To this aim, male Wistar rats underwent CLP with "basic support" or were sham-operated. Both 30 and 60 days after surgery, the CSF was collected and the animals were killed by decapitation. Then, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cortex were collected. Thirty days after surgery, an increase of IL-6 level in the CSF; an increase in the thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) in prefrontal cortex and a decrease in hippocampus, striatum, and cortex; a decrease of carbonyl protein formation only in prefrontal cortex and an increase in striatum; and an increase in the complex IV activity only in hippocampus were observed. Sixty days after sepsis, an increase of TNF-α level in the CSF; a decrease of TBARS only in hippocampus; an increase of carbonyl protein formation in striatum; and a decrease of complex I activity in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were observed. These findings may contribute to understanding the role of late cognitive impairment. Further studies may address how these findings interact during sepsis development and contribute to CNS dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda V Steckert
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Xu M, Sulkowski ZL, Parekh P, Khan A, Chen T, Midha S, Iwasaki T, Shimokawa N, Koibuchi N, Zavacki AM, Sajdel-Sulkowska EM. Effects of Perinatal Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Exposure on the Developing Rat Brain; Modeling the Effect of Maternal Infection on the Developing Human CNS. THE CEREBELLUM 2013; 12:572-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-013-0465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Yokoo H, Chiba S, Tomita K, Takashina M, Sagara H, Yagisita S, Takano Y, Hattori Y. Neurodegenerative evidence in mice brains with cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis: preventive effect of the free radical scavenger edaravone. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51539. [PMID: 23236515 PMCID: PMC3517559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major clinical challenge and septic encephalopathy is its nasty complication. The pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of septic encephalopathy are not well understood. This study sought to fully characterize sepsis-associated biochemical and histopathological changes in brains of mice after cecal ligation and puncture, regarded as a highly clinically relevant animal model of polymicrobial sepsis. Real-time PCR analysis showed that gene expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, were significantly up-regulated in brain tissues from septic mice, but to a much lesser extent when compared with those in peripheral tissues such as lungs. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was significantly increased in septic mice, as determined by the measurement of sodium fluorescein and Evans blue content. Sepsis resulted in increases in NADPH oxidase activity and expression of p47phox and p67phox and up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase in brains, indicating that superoxide, produced by NADPH oxidase, reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite, that maybe lead to the loss of BBB integrity. Light and electron microscopic examination of septic mouse brain showed serious neuronal degeneration, as indicated by hyperchromatic, shrunken, pyknotic, and electron-dense neurons. These histopathogical changes were prevented by treatment with the free radical scavenger edaravone. Together, these results suggest that sepsis can lead to rapid neurodegenerative changes in brains via free radical species production and possibly subsequent injury to the BBB. We may also provide a potentially useful therapeutic tool for treating septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yokoo
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Horohov DW, Sinatra ST, Chopra RK, Jankowitz S, Betancourt A, Bloomer RJ. The Effect of Exercise and Nutritional Supplementation on Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Young Racehorses During Training. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kukongviriyapan U, Sompamit K, Pannangpetch P, Kukongviriyapan V, Donpunha W. Preventive and therapeutic effects of quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction in mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:1345-53. [DOI: 10.1139/y2012-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a dietary antioxidant flavonoid, possesses strong anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities. The effects were investigated in an animal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxaemia and vascular dysfunction in vivo. Male ICR mice were injected with LPS (10 mg/kg; i.p.). Quercetin (50 or 100 mg/kg) was intragastrically administered either before or after LPS administration. Fifteen hours after LPS injection, mice were found in endotoxaemic condition, as manifested by hypotension, tachycardia, and blunted vascular responses to vasodilators and vasoconstrictor. The symptoms were accompanied by increased aortic iNOS protein expression, decreased aortic eNOS protein expression, marked suppression of cellular glutathione (GSH) redox status, enhanced aortic superoxide production, increased plasma malodialdehyde and protein carbonyl, and elevated urinary nitrate/nitrite. Treatment with quercetin either before or after LPS preserved the vascular function, as blood pressure, heart rate, vascular responsiveness were restored to near normal values, particularly when quercetin was given as a preventive regimen. The vascular protective effects were associated with upregulation of eNOS expression, reduction of oxidative stress, and maintained blood GSH redox ratio. Overall findings suggest the beneficial effect of quercetin on the prevention and restoration of a failing eNOS system and alleviation of oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction against endotoxin-induced shock in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kwanjit Sompamit
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand
| | | | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanida Donpunha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Sohet FM, Delzenne NM. Is there a place for coenzyme Q in the management of metabolic disorders associated with obesity? Nutr Rev 2012; 70:631-41. [PMID: 23110642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00526.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a lipophilic cofactor of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, can be synthesized endogenously or provided by food. The aim of this review is to summarize the in vitro cell culture studies, the in vivo animal studies, and the human studies investigating the impact of CoQ supplementation on the occurrence of obesity and related disorders (diabetes, hypertension, lipemia, and atherosclerosis). The antioxidative properties of CoQ have been observed in different experimental models of atherosclerosis, obesity, and diabetes. The recent discovery of the anti-inflammatory effect of CoQ, mostly described in vitro, has generated increased interest in CoQ supplementation, but it needs to be confirmed in vivo in pathological situations. CoQ intervention studies in humans failed to show reproducible effects on body weight, fat mass, or glycemia, but CoQ supplementation does seem to have an antihypertensive effect. The molecular mechanism to explain this effect has only recently been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence M Sohet
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Protective effects of magnesium supplementation on metabolic energy derangements in lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiotoxicity in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 694:75-81. [PMID: 22939974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic derangements and bioenergetic failure are major contributors to sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunctions. Due to the well known role of magnesium (Mg) as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions that involve energy creation and utilization, the present investigation was directed to estimate the cardioprotective effect of Mg supplementation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced metabolic energy changes in mice. Oral doses of Mg aspartate (20 or 40 mg/kg) were administered once daily for 7 day. Mice were then subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (2 mg/kg). Plasma was separated 3 h after LPS injection for determination of creatine kinase-MB activity. Animals were then sacrificed and the hearts were separated for estimation of tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione, lactate, pyruvate, adenine nucleotides, creatine phosphate and cardiac Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Finally, electron microscopic examination was performed to visualize the protective effects of Mg pretreatment on mitochondrial ultrastructure. In general, the higher dose of Mg was more effective than the lower dose in ameliorating creatine kinase-MB elevation and the state of oxidative stress, lactate accumulation, pyruvate reduction as well as preserving creatine phosphate, adenine nucleotides and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Moreover, the higher dose of Mg provided a significant cardioprotection against the mitochondrial ultrastructural changes. Mg therapy can afford a significant protection against metabolic energy derangements and mitochondrial ultrastructural changes induced by LPS cardiotoxicity in mice.
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Wen S, Cheng M, Wang H, Yue J, Wang H, Li G, Zheng L, Zhong Z, Peng F. Serum uric acid levels and the clinical characteristics of depression. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:49-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Leonard B, Maes M. Mechanistic explanations how cell-mediated immune activation, inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways and their sequels and concomitants play a role in the pathophysiology of unipolar depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011; 36:764-85. [PMID: 22197082 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews that cell-mediated-immune (CMI) activation and inflammation contribute to depressive symptoms, including anhedonia; anxiety-like behaviors; fatigue and somatic symptoms, e.g. illness behavior or malaise; and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These effects are in part mediated by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs), e.g. interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and Th-1-derived cytokines, such as IL-2 and interferon (IFN)γ. Moreover, new pathways, i.e. concomitants and sequels of CMI activation and inflammation, were detected in depression: (1) Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by IFNγ and some PICs is associated with depleted plasma tryptophan, which may interfere with brain 5-HT synthesis, and increased production of anxiogenic and depressogenic tryptophan catabolites. (2) Increased bacterial translocation may cause depression-like behaviors by activating the cytokine network, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways and IDO. (3) Induction of O&NS causes damage to membrane ω3 PUFAs, functional proteins, DNA and mitochondria, and autoimmune responses directed against intracellular molecules that may cause dysfunctions in intracellular signaling. (4) Decreased levels of ω3 PUFAs and antioxidants, such as coenzyme Q10, glutathione peroxidase or zinc, are associated with an increased inflammatory potential; more oxidative damage; the onset of specific symptoms; and changes in the expression or functions of brain 5-HT and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. (5) All abovementioned factors cause neuroprogression, that is a combination of neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and lowered neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. It is concluded that depression may be the consequence of a complex interplay between CMI activation and inflammation and their sequels/concomitants which all together cause neuroprogression that further shapes the depression phenotype. Future research should employ high throughput technologies to collect genetic and gene expression and protein data from patients with depression and analyze these data by means of systems biology methods to define the dynamic interactions between the different cell signaling networks and O&NS pathways that cause depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Leonard
- Pharmacology Department, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Abstract
Neuro-oxidative-nitrosative stress may prove the molecular basis underlying brain dysfunction in sepsis. In the current review, we describe how sepsis-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) trigger lipid peroxidation chain reactions throughout the cerebrovasculature and surrounding brain parenchyma, due to failure of the local antioxidant systems. ROS/RNS cause structural membrane damage, induce inflammation, and scavenge nitric oxide (NO) to yield peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). This activates the inducible NO synthase, which further compounds ONOO(-) formation. ROS/RNS cause mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport chain and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation, which ultimately leads to neuronal bioenergetic failure. Furthermore, in certain 'at risk' areas of the brain, free radicals may induce neuronal apoptosis. In the present review, we define a role for ROS/RNS-mediated neuronal bioenergetic failure and apoptosis as a primary mechanism underlying sepsis-associated encephalopathy and, in sepsis survivors, permanent cognitive deficits.
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Brealey DA, Singer M, Terblanche M. Potential metabolic consequences of statins in sepsis*. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:1514-20. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e31820eb74f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Maes M, Galecki P, Chang YS, Berk M. A review on the oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways in major depression and their possible contribution to the (neuro)degenerative processes in that illness. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011; 35:676-92. [PMID: 20471444 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 785] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the body of evidence that major depression is accompanied by a decreased antioxidant status and by induction of oxidative and nitrosative (IO&NS) pathways. Major depression is characterized by significantly lower plasma concentrations of a number of key antioxidants, such as vitamin E, zinc and coenzyme Q10, and a lowered total antioxidant status. Lowered antioxidant enzyme activity, e.g. glutathione peroxidase (GPX), is another hallmark of depression. The abovementioned lowered antioxidant capacity may impair protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing damage to fatty acids, proteins and DNA by oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS). Increased ROS in depression is demonstrated by increased levels of plasma peroxides and xanthine oxidase. Damage caused by O&NS is shown by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a by-product of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation and arachidonic acid; and increased 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, indicating oxidative DNA damage. There is also evidence in major depression, that O&NS may have changed inactive autoepitopes to neoantigens, which have acquired immunogenicity and serve as triggers to bypass immunological tolerance, causing (auto)immune responses. Thus, depression is accompanied by increased levels of plasma IgG antibodies against oxidized LDL; and increased IgM-mediated immune responses against membrane fatty acids, like phosphatidyl inositol (Pi); oleic, palmitic, and myristic acid; and NO modified amino-acids, e.g. NO-tyrosine, NO-tryptophan and NO-arginine; and NO-albumin. There is a significant association between depression and polymorphisms in O&NS genes, like manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, and myeloperoxidase. Animal models of depression very consistently show lowered antioxidant defences and activated O&NS pathways in the peripheral blood and the brain. In animal models of depression, antidepressants consistently increase lowered antioxidant levels and normalize the damage caused by O&NS processes. Antioxidants, such as N-acetyl-cysteine, compounds that mimic GPX activity, and zinc exhibit antidepressive effects. This paper reviews the pathways by which lowered antioxidants and O&NS may contribute to depression, and the (neuro)degenerative processes that accompany that illness. It is concluded that aberrations in O&NS pathways are--together with the inflammatory processes--key components of depression. All in all, the results suggest that depression belongs to the spectrum of (neuro)degenerative disorders.
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Abstract
Oxidative stress and associated reactive oxygen species can modify lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, and induce the mitochondrial permeability transition, providing a signal leading to the induction of autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, a chromatin-binding nuclear protein and damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, is integral to oxidative stress and downstream apoptosis or survival. Accumulation of HMGB1 at sites of oxidative DNA damage can lead to repair of the DNA. As a redox-sensitive protein, HMGB1 contains three cysteines (Cys23, 45, and 106). In the setting of oxidative stress, it can form a Cys23-Cys45 disulfide bond; a role for oxidative homo- or heterodimerization through the Cys106 has been suggested for some of its biologic activities. HMGB1 causes activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and increased reactive oxygen species production in neutrophils. Reduced and oxidized HMGB1 have different roles in extracellular signaling and regulation of immune responses, mediated by signaling through the receptor for advanced glycation end products and/or Toll-like receptors. Antioxidants such as ethyl pyruvate, quercetin, green tea, N-acetylcysteine, and curcumin are protective in the setting of experimental infection/sepsis and injury including ischemia-reperfusion, partly through attenuating HMGB1 release and systemic accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Tang
- The DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, G.27 Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Tzvetanova E, Nenkova G, Georgieva A, Alexandrova A, Girchev R, Kirkova M. Effects of structural analogues of nociceptin(1-13)NH₂ on brain antioxidant status in kainic acid-treated rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:135-41. [PMID: 21287579 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo effects of nociceptin (N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) ) and its structural analogues ([Dab(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) , [Dap(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) and [Cav(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) ) on the levels of lipid peroxidation and cell antioxidants (enzyme and non-enzyme) in brain of control and kainic acid (KA)-treated rats were studied. In control animals, [Dab(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) and [Dap(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) , unlike N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) and [Cav(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) , slightly increased the brain lipid peroxidation; the rest of the parameters were unchanged by all neuropeptides tested. KA (0.25 µg in 0.5 µl, i.c.v) increased the lipid peroxidation (4 and 24 h after KA-injection) and decreased the glutathione level (1 h after KA-administration). One hour after KA-administration, the neuropeptides (2 µg in 0.5 µl, injected 30 min before KA) showed the following effects: a slight decrease in the KA-induced lipid peroxidation by all nociceptin analogues and an enhancement of the KA-decreased GSH level, but by [Cav(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) only. The brain antioxidant enzyme activities were unchanged in all used experimental groups. In addition, the nociceptin analogues, especially [Can(9) ]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) , showed a good antioxidant capacity in chemical systems, generating reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, the substitution of lysin (Lys) in N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) molecule with other amino acids might contribute to changes in its antioxidant properties. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Tzvetanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev St., Sofia, Bulgaria
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Comim CM, Cassol-Jr OJ, Constantino LS, Felisberto F, Petronilho F, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Daufenbach JF, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Alterations in Inflammatory Mediators, Oxidative Stress Parameters and Energetic Metabolism in the Brain of Sepsis Survivor Rats. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:304-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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42
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Sebai H, Gadacha W, Sani M, Aouani E, Ghanem-Boughanmi N, Ben-Attia M. Protective effect of resveratrol against lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Brain Inj 2010; 23:1089-94. [PMID: 19891535 DOI: 10.3109/02699050903379370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect of resveratrol on endotoxemia-induced neurotoxicity. METHODS Rats were pre-treated during 7 days with 20 mg kg(-1) body weight (b.w.) resveratrol and challenged with a single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS: 8 mg kg(-1) b.w.) for 24 hours. Brains were harvested to determine LPS-induced lipoperoxidation level, antioxidant enzyme activities, nitric monoxide (NO) and iron distribution as well as the impact of resveratrol on these parameters. RESULTS Resveratrol counteracted LPS-induced brain malondialdehyde (MDA) level and antioxidant enzyme activities depletion as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). Resveratrol also reversed LPS-induced brain and plasma NO elevation as well as iron sequestration from plasma to brain compartment. CONCLUSION The data suggest that resveratrol is capable of alleviating LPS-induced neurotoxicity by a mechanism that may involve iron shuttling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisie
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von Haken R, Gruss M, Plaschke K, Scholz M, Engelhardt R, Brobeil A, Martin E, Weigand MA. [Delirium in the intensive care unit]. Anaesthesist 2010; 59:235-47. [PMID: 20127059 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-009-1664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) has internationally become a matter of rising concern for intensive care physicians. Due to the design of highly sophisticated ventilators the practice of deep sedation is nowadays mostly obsolete. To assess a ventilated ICU patient for delirium easy to handle bedside tests have been developed which permit a psychiatric scoring. The significance of ICU delirium is equivalent to organ failure and has been proven to be an independent prognostic factor for mortality and length of ICU and hospital stay. The pathophysiology and risk factors of ICU delirium are still insufficiently understood in detail. A certain constellation of pre-existing patient-related conditions, the current diagnosis and surgical procedure and administered medication entail a higher risk for the occurrence of ICU delirium. A favored hypothesis is that an imbalance of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine serotonin results in an unpredictable neurotransmission. Currently, the administration of neuroleptics, enforced physiotherapy, re-orientation measures and appropriate pain treatment are the basis of the therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- R von Haken
- Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Deutschland.
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Tang D, Kang R, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT. High-mobility group box 1 and cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2010; 1799:131-40. [PMID: 20123075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a chromatin associated nuclear protein and extracellular damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP), is an evolutionarily ancient and critical regulator of cell death and survival. Overexpression of HMGB1 is associated with each of the hallmarks of cancer including unlimited replicative potential, ability to develop blood vessels (angiogenesis), evasion of programmed cell death (apoptosis), self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to inhibitors of growth, inflammation, tissue invasion and metastasis. Our studies and those of our colleagues suggest that HMGB1 is central to cancer (abnormal wound healing) and many of the findings in normal wound healing as well. Here, we focus on the role of HMGB1 in cancer, the mechanisms by which it contributes to carcinogenesis, and therapeutic strategies based on targeting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Tang
- The DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, G.27 Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Dare AJ, Phillips ARJ, Hickey AJR, Mittal A, Loveday B, Thompson N, Windsor JA. A systematic review of experimental treatments for mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:1517-25. [PMID: 19715753 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 08/16/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit. Recently mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as a key early cellular event in critical illness. A growing body of experimental evidence suggests that mitochondrial therapies are effective in sepsis and MODS. The aim of this article is to undertake a systematic review of the current experimental evidence for the use of therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis and MODS and to classify these mitochondrial therapies. A search of the MEDLINE and PubMed databases (1950 to July 2009) and a manual review of reference lists were conducted to find experimental studies containing data on the efficacy of mitochondrial therapies in sepsis and sepsis-related MODS. Fifty-one studies were included in this review. Five categories of mitochondrial therapies were defined-substrate provision, cofactor provision, mitochondrial antioxidants, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavengers, and membrane stabilizers. Administration of mitochondrial therapies during sepsis was associated with improvements in mitochondrial electron transport system function, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production and a reduction in cellular markers of oxidative stress. Amelioration of proinflammatory cytokines, caspase activation, and prevention of the membrane permeability transition were reported. Restoration of mitochondrial bioenergetics was associated with improvements in hemodynamic parameters, organ function, and overall survival. A substantial body of evidence from experimental studies at both the cellular and the organ level suggests a beneficial role for the administration of mitochondrial therapies in sepsis and MODS. We expect that mitochondrial therapies will have an increasingly important role in the management of sepsis and MODS. Clinical trials are now required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Dare
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Effects of N-Acetylcysteine/Deferoxamine, Taurine and RC-3095 on Respiratory Chain Complexes and Creatine Kinase Activities in Rat Brain After Sepsis. Neurochem Res 2009; 35:515-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Chen G, Neilan TG, Chen H, Condron C, Kelly C, Hill ADK, Bouchier-Hayes DJ. Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated left ventricular dysfunction by glutamine preconditioning. J Surg Res 2009; 160:282-7. [PMID: 19628228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial dysfunction is often seen during the inflammatory response to major surgery at 4 to 6h postoperatively. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glutamine pretreatment, as a means of preconditioning, on lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial dysfunction. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomized into four groups: Control; lipopolysaccharide; glutamine plus lipopolysaccharide; and Quercetin, an inhibitor of heat shock protein synthesis plus glutamine and lipopolysaccharide. Left ventricular function was assessed at 6h following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) insult by invasive hemodynamics. Heat shock protein (HSP)72 in heart tissue was determined by Western immunoblot at 12h after glutamine administration. RESULTS Administration of lipopolysaccharide resulted in significant decrease in left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP) (69.1 +/- 2.52 mm Hg versus 106.3 +/- 3.36 mm Hg in controls), reduced dP/dtmax (4704.1 +/- 425.31 mm Hg/s versus 9389.8 +/- 999.4 mm Hg/s in controls), and the increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (5.10 +/- 0.28 mm Hg versus 2.16 +/- 0.27 mm Hg in controls) (P < 0.05). Peritoneal injection of 25 g/kg of glutamine 12 h prior to lipopolysaccharide exposure induced HSP72 expression in heart tissues and attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced left ventricular dysfunction: LVESP 85.94 +/- 3.8 mm Hg (P < 0.05), dP/dtmax 8331 +/- 425 mm Hg (P < 0.05), LVEDP 2.32 +/- 0.23 mm Hg (P < 0.01). Quercetin partially attenuated glutamine induced HSP72 expression and blocked the protective response of glutamine. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that cardioprotection with glutamine is associated with induction of HSP72 and may be an approach to activating the preconditioning response in the heart in clinical practise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research CentreBeaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Tang D, Kang R, Xiao W, Zhang H, Lotze MT, Wang H, Xiao X. Quercetin prevents LPS-induced high-mobility group box 1 release and proinflammatory function. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 41:651-60. [PMID: 19265175 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0119oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of sepsis is mediated in part by the pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecule bacterial endotoxin, which stimulates macrophages to sequentially release early (e.g., TNF-alpha, IL-1beta) and late (e.g., high-mobility group box [HMGB] 1 protein) proinflammatory mediators. The recent discovery of HMGB1 as a late mediator of lethal sepsis has prompted investigation into development of several new experimental therapeutics that limit release, either blocking HMGB1 itself or its nominal receptors. Quercetin was recently identified as an experimental therapeutic that significantly protects against oxidative injury. Here, we report that quercetin attenuates lethal systemic inflammation caused by endotoxemia, even if treatment is started after the early TNF response. Quercetin treatment reduced circulating levels of HMGB1 in animals with established endotoxemia. In macrophage cultures, quercetin inhibited release as well as the cytokine activities of HMGB1, including limiting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-kappaB, two signaling pathways that are critical for HMGB1-induced subsequent cytokine release. Quercetin and autophagic inhibitor, wortmannin, inhibited LPS-induced type-II microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 production and aggregation, as well as HMGB1 translocation and release, suggesting a potential association between autophagy and HMGB1 release. Quercetin delivery, a strategy to pharmacologically inhibit HMGB1 release that is effective at clinically achievable concentrations, now warrants further evaluation in sepsis and other systemic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Tang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Shanmugarajan T, Prithwish N, Somasundaram I, Arunsundar M, Niladri M, Lavande J, Ravichandiran V. Mitigation of Azathioprine-Induced Oxidative Hepatic Injury by the Flavonoid Quercetin in Wistar Rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 18:653-60. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510802205791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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50
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Comim CM, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Di-Pietro PB, Cardoso MR, Petronilho FC, Ritter C, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in rat brain after sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation. Mitochondrion 2008; 8:313-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2008] [Revised: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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