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Cordeiro CN, Rojas P, Veras STS, Kato MT, Florencio L, Sanz JL. Effect of loading rate and pH on glycerol fermentation and microbial population in an upflow anaerobic filter reactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:991-1002. [PMID: 38822157 PMCID: PMC11213801 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
A reactor with silicone tubes as support medium was used for glycerol fermentation. The experimental set-up consisted of three phases. In P1, the applied glycerol loading rate (gly-LR) was in the range of 6-10 g.L-1.d-1 at an influent pH of 7.9 ± 0.4. In P2, gly-LR was kept constant (18.0 ± 1.8 g.L-1.d-1) with different doses of NaHCO3. Finally in P3, two different gly-LR (9 and 18 g.L-1.d-1) were evaluated, dosing 1 g-NaHCO3 per g-COD of glycerol. Glycerol consumption was close 90%. The main end-product was 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) (0.40 mol.mol-gly-1), but ethanol was also generated, particularly at pH above 8 and low gly-LR (0.20 mol.mol-gly-1). After 1-year operation with glycerol as the only carbon source, a drastic shift in the bacterial community was observed. The 1,3-PDO producers Lacrimispora and Clostridium became dominant, although non-glycerol-degrading fermentative genera, e.g., Actinomyces and Eubacterium, thrived at the expense of cellular breakdown products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cândida N Cordeiro
- Department of Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Rojas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shyrlane T S Veras
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Mario T Kato
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - Lourdinha Florencio
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-530, Brazil
| | - José Luis Sanz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Jeyachandran S, Vibhute P, Kumar D, Ragavendran C. Random mutagenesis as a tool for industrial strain improvement for enhanced production of antibiotics: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:19. [PMID: 38100064 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites are produced by microbes in minimal quantities in the natural environment out of necessity. However, in the pharmaceutical industry, their overproduction becomes essential. To achieve higher yields, genetic modifications are employed to create strains that surpass the productivity of the initially isolated strains. While rational screening and genetic engineering have emerged as valuable practices in recent years, the cost-effective technique of mutagenesis and selection, known as "random screening," remains a preferred method for efficient short-term strain development. This review aims to comprehensively explore all aspects of strain improvement, focusing on why random mutagenesis continues to be widely adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Lab in Biotechnology & Bio-signal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - Prachi Vibhute
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, Marine Algal Research Station, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemical Research Institute, Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, 623 519, India
| | - Chinnasamy Ragavendran
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
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Verboom KL, Meyer CC, Evarts MM, Jung WO, Krische MJ. O-Acetyl 1,3-Propanediol as an Acrolein Proelectrophile in Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Carbonyl Allylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:3659-3663. [PMID: 37172193 PMCID: PMC10425987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
O-Acetyl 1,3-propanediol serves as an acrolein proelectrophile in π-allyliridium-C,O-benzoate-catalyzed carbonyl allylations mediated by racemic α-substituted allylic acetates. Using the iridium catalyst modified by (R)-SEGPHOS, a variety of 3-hydroxy-1,5-hexadienes are formed with uniformly high levels of regio-, anti-diastereo-, and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Abstract
Humanity’s growing dependence on non-renewable resources and the ensuing environmental impact thus generated have spurred the search for alternatives to replace chemicals and energy obtained from petroleum derivatives. Within the group of biofuels, biodiesel has managed to expand worldwide at considerable levels, going from 20 million tn/year in 2010 to 47 million tn/year in 2022, boosting the supply of glycerol, a by-product of its synthesis that can be easily used as a renewable, clean, low-cost raw material for the manufacture of products for the chemical industry. The hydrogenolysis of glycerol leads to the production of glycols, 1,2-propylene glycol (1,2-PG) and 1,3-propylene glycol (1,3-PG). In particular, 1,3-PG has the highest added value and has multiple uses including its application as an additive in the polymer industry, the manufacture of cosmetics, cleaning products, cooling liquids, etc. This review focuses on the study of the hydrogenolysis of glycerol for the production of 1,3-PG, presenting the main reaction mechanisms and the catalysts employed, both in liquid and vapor phase. Engineering aspects and the effect of the operating variables to achieve maximum yields are discussed. Finally, studies related to the stability and the main deactivation mechanisms of catalytic systems are presented.
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Arbter P, Widderich N, Utesch T, Hong Y, Zeng AP. Control of redox potential in a novel continuous bioelectrochemical system led to remarkable metabolic and energetic responses of Clostridium pasteurianum grown on glycerol. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:178. [PMID: 36050762 PMCID: PMC9434860 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electro-fermentation (EF) is an emerging tool for bioprocess intensification. Benefits are especially expected for bioprocesses in which the cells are enabled to exchange electrons with electrode surfaces directly. It has also been demonstrated that the use of electrical energy in BES can increase bioprocess performance by indirect secondary effects. In this case, the electricity is used to alter process parameters and indirectly activate desired pathways. In many bioprocesses, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is a crucial process parameter. While C. pasteurianum fermentation of glycerol has been shown to be significantly influenced electrochemically, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. To this end, we developed a system for the electrochemical control of ORP in continuous culture to quantitatively study the effects of ORP alteration on C. pasteurianum by metabolic flux analysis (MFA), targeted metabolomics, sensitivity and regulation analysis. RESULTS In the ORP range of -462 mV to -250 mV, the developed algorithm enabled a stable anodic electrochemical control of ORP at desired set-points and a fixed dilution rate of 0.1 h-1. An overall increase of 57% in the molar yield for 1,3-propanediol was observed by an ORP increase from -462 to -250 mV. MFA suggests that C. pasteurianum possesses and uses cellular energy generation mechanisms in addition to substrate-level phosphorylation. The sensitivity analysis showed that ORP exerted its strongest impact on the reaction of pyruvate-ferredoxin-oxidoreductase. The regulation analysis revealed that this influence is mainly of a direct nature. Hence, the observed metabolic shifts are primarily caused by direct inhibition of the enzyme upon electrochemical production of oxygen. A similar effect was observed for the enzyme pyruvate-formate-lyase at elevated ORP levels. CONCLUSIONS The results show that electrochemical ORP alteration is a suitable tool to steer the metabolism of C. pasteurianum and increase product yield for 1,3-propanediol in continuous culture. The approach might also be useful for application with further anaerobic or anoxic bioprocesses. However, to maximize the technique's efficiency, it is essential to understand the chemistry behind the ORP change and how the microbial system responds to it by transmitted or direct effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Arbter
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestraße 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Widderich
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestraße 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tyll Utesch
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestraße 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yaeseong Hong
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestraße 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Center of Synthetic Biology and Integrated Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.
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Mermejo BDC, Bortolucci J, de Andrade AR, Reginatto V. The Non-solventogenic Clostridium beijerinckii Br21 Produces 1,3-Propanediol From Glycerol With Butyrate as the Main By-Product. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.848022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever-increasing biofuel production has raised the supply of glycerol, an abundant waste from ethanolic fermentation and transesterification, for biodiesel production. Glycerol can be a starting material for sustainable production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3 PD), a valued polymer subunit. Here, we compare how Clostridium pasteurianum DSMZ 525, a well-known 1,3-PD-producer, and the non-solventogenic Clostridium beijerinckii Br21 perform during glycerol fermentation. Fermentative assays in 80-, 390-, or 1,100-mM glycerol revealed higher 1,3-PD productivity by DSMZ 525 compared to Br21. The highest 1,3-PD productivities by DSMZ 525 and Br21 were obtained in 390 mM glycerol: 3.01 and 1.70 mM h−1, respectively. Glycerol uptake by the microorganisms differed significantly: C. beijerinckii Br21 consumed 41.1, 22.3, and 16.3%, while C. pasteurianum consumed 93, 44.5, and 14% of the initial glycerol concentration in 80, 390, and 1,100 mM glycerol, respectively. In 1,100 mM glycerol, C. beijerinckii Br21 growth was delayed. Besides 1,3-PD, we detected butyrate and acetate during glycerol fermentation by both strains. However, at 80 mM glycerol, C. beijerinckii Br21 formed only butyrate as the by-product, which could help downstream processing of the 1,3-PD fermentation broth. Therefore, C. beijerinckii Br21, an unexplored biocatalyst so far, can be used to convert glycerol to 1,3-PD and can be applied in biofuel biorefineries.
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Intasian P, Prakinee K, Phintha A, Trisrivirat D, Weeranoppanant N, Wongnate T, Chaiyen P. Enzymes, In Vivo Biocatalysis, and Metabolic Engineering for Enabling a Circular Economy and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10367-10451. [PMID: 34228428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, the rapid growth and development of global industries have depended largely upon the utilization of coal-derived chemicals, and more recently, the utilization of petroleum-based chemicals. These developments have followed a linear economy model (produce, consume, and dispose). As the world is facing a serious threat from the climate change crisis, a more sustainable solution for manufacturing, i.e., circular economy in which waste from the same or different industries can be used as feedstocks or resources for production offers an attractive industrial/business model. In nature, biological systems, i.e., microorganisms routinely use their enzymes and metabolic pathways to convert organic and inorganic wastes to synthesize biochemicals and energy required for their growth. Therefore, an understanding of how selected enzymes convert biobased feedstocks into special (bio)chemicals serves as an important basis from which to build on for applications in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology to enable biobased processes that are greener and cleaner for the environment. This review article highlights the current state of knowledge regarding the enzymatic reactions used in converting biobased wastes (lignocellulosic biomass, sugar, phenolic acid, triglyceride, fatty acid, and glycerol) and greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) into value-added products and discusses the current progress made in their metabolic engineering. The commercial aspects and life cycle assessment of products from enzymatic and metabolic engineering are also discussed. Continued development in the field of metabolic engineering would offer diversified solutions which are sustainable and renewable for manufacturing valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarawan Intasian
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Kridsadakorn Prakinee
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Aisaraphon Phintha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangthip Trisrivirat
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Weeranoppanant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, 169, Long-hard Bangsaen, Saensook, Muang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Wongnate
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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Arbter P, Sabra W, Utesch T, Hong Y, Zeng A. Metabolomic and kinetic investigations on the electricity-aided production of butanol by Clostridium pasteurianum strains. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:181-195. [PMID: 33716617 PMCID: PMC7923553 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we studied the effect of electro-fermentation on the butanol production of Clostridium pasteurianum strains by a targeted metabolomics approach. Two strains were examined: an electrocompetent wild type strain (R525) and a mutant strain (dhaB mutant) lacking formation of 1,3-propanediol (PDO). The dhaB-negative strain was able to grow on glycerol without formation of PDO, but displayed a high initial intracellular NADH/NAD ratio which was lowered subsequently by upregulation of the butanol production pathway. Both strains showed a 3-5 fold increase of the intracellular NADH/NAD ratio when exposed to cathodic current in a bioelectrochemical system (BES). This drove an activation of the butanol pathway and resulted in a higher molar butanol to PDO ratio for the R525 strain. Nonetheless, macroscopic electron balances suggest that no significant amount of electrons derived from the BES was harvested by the cells. Overall, this work points out that electro-fermentation can be used to trigger metabolic pathways and improve product formation, even when the used microbe cannot be considered electroactive. Accordingly, further studies are required to unveil the underlying (regulatory) mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Arbter
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany
| | - Wael Sabra
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany
| | - Tyll Utesch
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany
| | - Yaeseong Hong
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany
| | - An‐Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany
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9
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Fu C, Li Z, Sun Z, Xie S. A review of salting-out effect and sugaring-out effect: driving forces for novel liquid-liquid extraction of biofuels and biochemicals. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-1980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Zhang Y, Ma C, Dischert W, Soucaille P, Zeng A. Engineering of Phosphoserine Aminotransferase Increases the Conversion ofl‐Homoserine to 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐ketobutyrate in a Glycerol‐Independent Pathway of 1,3‐Propanediol Production from Glucose. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900003. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zhang
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of Technology Denickestrasse 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Chengwei Ma
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of Technology Denickestrasse 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Chaoyang District 100096 Beijing China
| | - Wanda Dischert
- METabolic EXplorer S.ABiopôle Clermont‐Limagne 1 rue Emile Duclaux 63360 Saint‐Beauzire France
| | - Philippe Soucaille
- INSA, LISBP, University of Toulouse, INRA UMR 792,CNRS, UMR5504 Toulouse France
- BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom
| | - An‐Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems EngineeringHamburg University of Technology Denickestrasse 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Chaoyang District 100096 Beijing China
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Zhou S, Huang Y, Mao X, Li L, Guo C, Gao Y, Qin Q. Impact of acetolactate synthase inactivation on 1,3-propanediol fermentation by Klebsiella pneumoniae. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0200978. [PMID: 31017890 PMCID: PMC6481767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an important compound that is mainly used in industry for polymer production. Fermentation of 1,3-PDO from glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae is accompanied by formation of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) as one of the main byproduct. The first step in the formation of 2,3-BDO from pyruvate is catalyzed by acetolactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme that competes with 1,3-PDO oxidoreductase for the cofactor NADH. This study aimed to analyze the impact of engineering the 2,3-BDO formation pathway via inactivation of ALS on 1,3-PDO fermentation by K. pneumoniae HSL4. An ALS mutant was generated using Red recombinase assisted gene replacement. The ALS specific activities of K. pneumoniae ΔALS were notably lower than that of the wild-type strain. Fed-batch fermentation of the mutant strain resulted in a 1,3-PDO concentration, productivity and conversion of 72.04 g L–1, 2.25 g L–1 h–1, and 0.41 g g–1, increase by 4.71%, 4.65% and 1.99% compared with the parent strain. Moreover, inactivation of ALS decreased meso-2,3-BDO formation to trace amounts, significantly increased 2S,3S-BDO and lactate production, and a pronounced redistribution of intracellular metabolic flux was apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (SZ); (QQ)
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Tianhe Area, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (SZ); (QQ)
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Schmitz R, Sabra W, Arbter P, Hong Y, Utesch T, Zeng AP. Improved electrocompetence and metabolic engineering of Clostridium pasteurianum reveals a new regulation pattern of glycerol fermentation. Eng Life Sci 2018; 19:412-422. [PMID: 32625019 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium pasteurianum produces industrially valuable chemicals such as n-butanol and 1,3-propanediol from fermentations of glycerol and glucose. Metabolic engineering for increased yields of selective compounds is not well established in this microorganism. In order to study carbon fluxes and to selectively increase butanol yields, we integrated the latest advances in genome editing to obtain an electrocompetent Clostridium pasteurianum strain for further engineering. Deletion of the glycerol dehydratase large subunit (dhaB) using an adapted S. pyogenes Type II CRISPR/Cas9 nickase system resulted in a 1,3-propanediol-deficient mutant producing butanol as the main product. Surprisingly, the mutant was able to grow on glycerol as the sole carbon source. In spite of reduced growth, butanol yields were highly increased. Metabolic flux analysis revealed an important role of the newly identified electron bifurcation pathway for crotonyl-CoA to butyryl-CoA conversion in the regulation of redox balance. Compared to the parental strain, the electron bifurcation pathway flux of the dhaB mutant increased from 8 to 46% of the overall flux from crotonyl-CoA to butyryl-CoA and butanol, indicating a new, 1,3-propanediol-independent pattern of glycerol fermentation in Clostridium pasteurianum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Schmitz
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Wael Sabra
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Philipp Arbter
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Yaeseong Hong
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Tyll Utesch
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
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13
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Stability and oscillatory behavior of microbial consortium in continuous conversion of crude glycerol to 1,3-propanediol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8291-8305. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Oh BR, Lee SM, Heo SY, Seo JW, Kim CH. Efficient production of 1,3-propanediol from crude glycerol by repeated fed-batch fermentation strategy of a lactate and 2,3-butanediol deficient mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:92. [PMID: 29907119 PMCID: PMC6003044 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is important building blocks for the bio-based chemical industry, Klebsiella pneumoniae can be an attractive candidate for their production. However, 1,3-PDO production is high but productivity is generally low by K. pneumoniae. In this study, repeated fed-batch cultivation by a lactate and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) deficient mutant of K. pneumoniae were investigated for efficient 1,3-PDO production from industrial by-products such as crude glycerol. RESULTS First, optimal conditions for repeated fed-batch fermentation of a ΔldhA mutant defective for lactate formation due to deletion of the lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldhA) were determined. Maximal 1,3-PDO production level and productivity obtained by repeated fed-batch fermentation under optimized conditions were 81.1 g/L and 3.38 g/L/h, respectively, and these values were successfully maintained for five cycles of fermentation without any loss of fermentation capacity. This results were much higher than that of the normal fed-batch fermentation. The levels of 2,3-BDO, which is a major by-product, reaching up to ~ 50% of the level of 1,3-PDO, were reduced using a mutant strain [Δ(ldhA als)] containing an additional mutation in the biosynthetic pathway of 2,3-BDO (deletion of the acetolactate synthase gene). The levels of 2,3-BDO were reduced to about 20% of 1,3-PDO levels by repeated fed-batch fermentation of Δ(ldhA als), although maximal 1,3-PDO production and productivity also decreased owing to a defect in the growth of the 2,3-BDO-defective mutant strain. CONCLUSION This repeated fed-batch fermentation may be useful for reducing the cost of 1,3-PDO production and may be promising industrialization prospect for the 1,3-PDO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baek-Rock Oh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Mok Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Yeon Heo
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Seo
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Ho Kim
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Turner TL, Kim H, Kong II, Liu JJ, Zhang GC, Jin YS. Engineering and Evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Produce Biofuels and Chemicals. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 162:175-215. [PMID: 27913828 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To mitigate global climate change caused partly by the use of fossil fuels, the production of fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass has been attempted. The conversion of various sugars from renewable biomass into biofuels by engineered baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is one major direction which has grown dramatically in recent years. As well as shifting away from fossil fuels, the production of commodity chemicals by engineered S. cerevisiae has also increased significantly. The traditional approaches of biochemical and metabolic engineering to develop economic bioconversion processes in laboratory and industrial settings have been accelerated by rapid advancements in the areas of yeast genomics, synthetic biology, and systems biology. Together, these innovations have resulted in rapid and efficient manipulation of S. cerevisiae to expand fermentable substrates and diversify value-added products. Here, we discuss recent and major advances in rational (relying on prior experimentally-derived knowledge) and combinatorial (relying on high-throughput screening and genomics) approaches to engineer S. cerevisiae for producing ethanol, butanol, 2,3-butanediol, fatty acid ethyl esters, isoprenoids, organic acids, rare sugars, antioxidants, and sugar alcohols from glucose, xylose, cellobiose, galactose, acetate, alginate, mannitol, arabinose, and lactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Turner
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Heejin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - In Iok Kong
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Guo-Chang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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16
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Mishra SK, Malik RK, Panwar H, Barui AK. Microencapsulation of reuterin to enhance long-term efficacy against food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:23. [PMID: 29276661 PMCID: PMC5735039 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-1035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to microencapsulate the reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri BPL-36 strain for its long-term efficacy against food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Lactobacillus reuteri BPL-36 strain previously isolated from a human infant fecal sample in lab was selected for the present study based on its ability to produce reuterin. The organism displayed a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Reuterin concentration of 89.63 mM was obtained in the MRS-glycerol medium after 16 h incubation at 37 °C. The reuterin concentration required to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli O157: H7, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes was found to be 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 10.0 AU/mL, respectively. Microencapsulation of reuterin to enhance long-term efficacy against food-borne pathogens was done. Results in this study indicated that the release characteristics of reuterin from the encapsulated particles were pH dependent. The release characteristics were unaffected by the storage of encapsulated reuterin at 4 °C for 2 weeks. The anti-listerial efficacy of the encapsulated reuterin was tested against L. monocytogenes in the BHI medium adjusted to pH 5.0 with a reuterin content equivalent to 16 mM, similar to un-encapsulated (free) reuterin. Encapsulated reuterin demonstrated enhanced efficacy against L. monocytogenes for longer duration of time when compared with un-encapsulated (free) reuterin. The present work demonstrated a novel antimicrobial delivery system that ensured much better capability of inhibiting the growth of L. monocytogenes throughout 24 h incubation at 37 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001 India
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - R. K. Malik
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001 India
| | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - Amit Kumar Barui
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
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17
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Jeng WY, Panjaitan NSD, Horng YT, Chung WT, Chien CC, Soo PC. The Negative Effects of KPN00353 on Glycerol Kinase and Microaerobic 1,3-Propanediol Production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2441. [PMID: 29375490 PMCID: PMC5770620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PD) is a valuable chemical intermediate in the synthesis of polyesters, polyethers, and polyurethanes, which have applications in various products such as cloth, bottles, films, tarpaulins, canoes, foam seals, high-resilience foam seating, and surface coatings. Klebsiella pneumoniae can produce 1,3-PD from glycerol. In this study, KPN00353, an EIIA homologue in the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), was found to play a negative regulatory role in 1,3-PD production under microaerobic conditions via binding to glycerol kinase (GlpK). The primary sequence of KPN00353 is similar to those of the fructose-mannitol EIIA (EIIFru and EIIAMtl) family. The interaction between KPN00353 and GlpK resulted in inhibition of the synthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and correlated with reductions in glycerol uptake and the production of 1,3-PD. Based on structure modeling, we conclude that residue H65 of KPN00353 plays an important role in the interaction with GlpK. We mutated this histidine residue to aspartate, glutamate, arginine and glutamine to assess the effects of each KPN00353 variant on the interaction with GlpK, on the synthesis of G3P and on the production of 1,3-PD. Our results illuminate the role of KPN00353 in 1,3-PD production by K. pneumoniae under microaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yih Jeng
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Novaria S D Panjaitan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Chien
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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18
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Mitrea L, Trif M, Cătoi AF, Vodnar DC. Utilization of biodiesel derived-glycerol for 1,3-PD and citric acid production. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:190. [PMID: 29110678 PMCID: PMC5674790 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, biofuels represent a hot topic in the context of petroleum and adjacent products decrease. As biofuels production increase, so does the production of their major byproduct, namely crude glycerol. The efficient usage of raw glycerol will concur to the biodiesel viability. As an inevitable waste of biodiesel manufacturing, glycerol is potentially an attractive substrate for the production of value-added products by fermentation processes, due to its large amounts, low cost and high degree of reduction. One of the most important usages of glycerol is its bioconversion through microbial fermentation to value-added materials like 1,3-propanediol and citric acid. There is a considerable industrial interest in 1,3-propanediol and citric acid production based on microbial fermentations, as it seems to be in competition with traditional technologies utilized for these products. In the present work, yields and concentrations of 1,3-propanediol and citric acid registered for different isolated strains are also described. Microbial bioconversion of glycerol represents a remarkable choice to add value to the biofuel production chain, allowing the biofuel industry to be more competitive. The current review presents certain ways for the bioconversion of crude glycerol into citric acid and 1,3-propanediol with high yields and concentrations achieved by using isolated microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mitrea
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Trif
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana-Florinela Cătoi
- Pathophysiology Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan-Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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19
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Gargalo CL, Carvalho A, Gernaey KV, Sin G. Optimal Design and Planning of Glycerol-Based Biorefinery Supply Chains under Uncertainty. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina L. Gargalo
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, 2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana Carvalho
- CEG-IST,
Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco
Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, 2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gürkan Sin
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, 2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Wei D, Gu J, Zhang Z, Wang C, Wang D, Kim CH, Jiang B, Shi J, Hao J. Production of Chemicals by Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Bamboo Hydrolysate as Feedstock. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28715380 DOI: 10.3791/55828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bamboo is an important biomass, and bamboo hydrolysate is used by Klebsiella pneumoniae as a feedstock for chemical production. Here, bamboo powder was pretreated with NaOH and washed to a neutral pH. Cellulase was added to the pretreated bamboo powder to generate the hydrolysate, which contained 30 g/L glucose and 15 g/L xylose and was used as the carbon source to prepare a medium for chemical production. When cultured in microaerobic conditions, 12.7 g/L 2,3-butanediol was produced by wildtype K. pneumoniae. In aerobic conditions, 13.0 g/L R-acetoin was produced by the budC mutant of K. pneumoniae. A mixture of 25.5 g/L 2-ketogluconic acid and 13.6 g/L xylonic acid was produced by the budA mutant of K. pneumoniae in a two-stage, pH-controlled fermentation with high air supplementation. In the first stage of fermentation, the culture was maintained at a neutral pH; after cell growth, the fermentation proceeded to the second stage, during which the culture was allowed to become acidic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wei
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jinjie Gu
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhongxi Zhang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chenhong Wang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dexin Wang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chul Ho Kim
- Biorefinery Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB)
| | - Biao Jiang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jiping Shi
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University;
| | - Jian Hao
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
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21
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Gargalo CL, Carvalho A, Gernaey KV, Sin G. Supply Chain Optimization of Integrated Glycerol Biorefinery: GlyThink Model Development and Application. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina L. Gargalo
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Ana Carvalho
- CEG-IST,
Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco
Pais, 1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Gürkan Sin
- Process
and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building
229, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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22
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Abstract
Chromosomal copy number variation (CCNV) plays a key role in evolution and health of eukaryotes. The unicellular yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important model for studying the generation, physiological impact, and evolutionary significance of CCNV. Fundamental studies of this yeast have contributed to an extensive set of methods for analyzing and introducing CCNV. Moreover, these studies provided insight into the balance between negative and positive impacts of CCNV in evolutionary contexts. A growing body of evidence indicates that CCNV not only frequently occurs in industrial strains of Saccharomyces yeasts but also is a key contributor to the diversity of industrially relevant traits. This notion is further supported by the frequent involvement of CCNV in industrially relevant traits acquired during evolutionary engineering. This review describes recent developments in genome sequencing and genome editing techniques and discusses how these offer opportunities to unravel contributions of CCNV in industrial Saccharomyces strains as well as to rationally engineer yeast chromosomal copy numbers and karyotypes.
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23
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Yenkie KM, Wu W, Maravelias CT. Synthesis and analysis of separation networks for the recovery of intracellular chemicals generated from microbial-based conversions. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:119. [PMID: 28503196 PMCID: PMC5422901 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioseparations can contribute to more than 70% in the total production cost of a bio-based chemical, and if the desired chemical is localized intracellularly, there can be additional challenges associated with its recovery. Based on the properties of the desired chemical and other components in the stream, there can be multiple feasible options for product recovery. These options are composed of several alternative technologies, performing similar tasks. The suitability of a technology for a particular chemical depends on (1) its performance parameters, such as separation efficiency; (2) cost or amount of added separating agent; (3) properties of the bioreactor effluent (e.g., biomass titer, product content); and (4) final product specifications. Our goal is to first synthesize alternative separation options and then analyze how technology selection affects the overall process economics. To achieve this, we propose an optimization-based framework that helps in identifying the critical technologies and parameters. RESULTS We study the separation networks for two representative classes of chemicals based on their properties. The separation network is divided into three stages: cell and product isolation (stage I), product concentration (II), and product purification and refining (III). Each stage exploits differences in specific product properties for achieving the desired product quality. The cost contribution analysis for the two cases (intracellular insoluble and intracellular soluble) reveals that stage I is the key cost contributor (>70% of the overall cost). Further analysis suggests that changes in input conditions and technology performance parameters lead to new designs primarily in stage I. CONCLUSIONS The proposed framework provides significant insights for technology selection and assists in making informed decisions regarding technologies that should be used in combination for a given set of stream/product properties and final output specifications. Additionally, the parametric sensitivity provides an opportunity to make crucial design and selection decisions in a comprehensive and rational manner. This will prove valuable in the selection of chemicals to be produced using bioconversions (bioproducts) as well as in creating better bioseparation flow sheets for detailed economic assessment and process implementation on the commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti M. Yenkie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
| | - Wenzhao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
| | - Christos T. Maravelias
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1691 USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA
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24
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Jiang L, Liu H, Mu Y, Sun Y, Xiu Z. High tolerance to glycerol and high production of 1,3-propanediol in batch fermentations by microbial consortium from marine sludge. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:635-644. [PMID: 32624809 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PD) is a versatile bulk chemical and widely used as a monomer to synthesis polymers, such as polyesters, polyethers and polyurethanes. 1,3-PD can be produced by microbial fermentation with the advantages of the environmental protection and sustainable development. Low substrate tolerance and wide by-product profile limit microbial production of 1,3-PD by Klebsiella pneumonia on industrial scale. In this study, microbial consortia were investigated to overcome some disadvantages of pure fermentation by single strain. Microbial consortium named DL38 from marine sludge gave the best performance. Its bacterial community composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon high-throughput sequencing and showed that Enterobacteriaceae was the most abundant family. Compared with three K. pneumonia strains isolated from DL38, the microbial consortium could grow well at an initial glycerol concentration of 200 g/L to produce 81.40 g/L of 1,3-PD with a yield of 0.63 mol/mol. This initial glycerol concentration is twice the highest concentration by single isolated strain and more than the critical value (188 g/L) extrapolated from the fermentation kinetics for K. pneumonia. On the other hand, a small amount of by-products were produced in batch fermentation of microbial consortium DL38, especially no 2,3-butanediol detected. The mixed culture of strain W3, Y5 and Y1 improved the tolerance to glycerol and changed the metabolite profile of single strain W3. The batch fermentation with the natural proportion (W3: Y5: Y1 = 208: 82: 17) was superior to that with other proportions and single strain. This study showed that microbial consortium DL38 possessed excellent substrate tolerance, narrow by-product profile and attractive potential for industrial production of 1,3-PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiLi Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - HuiFang Liu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Ying Mu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - YaQin Sun
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - ZhiLong Xiu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
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25
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Yenkie KM, Wu W, Clark RL, Pfleger BF, Root TW, Maravelias CT. A roadmap for the synthesis of separation networks for the recovery of bio-based chemicals: Matching biological and process feasibility. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1362-1383. [PMID: 27756578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microbial conversion of renewable feedstocks to high-value chemicals is an attractive alternative to current petrochemical processes because it offers the potential to reduce net CO2 emissions and integrate with bioremediation objectives. Microbes have been genetically engineered to produce a growing number of high-value chemicals in sufficient titer, rate, and yield from renewable feedstocks. However, high-yield bioconversion is only one aspect of an economically viable process. Separation of biologically synthesized chemicals from process streams is a major challenge that can contribute to >70% of the total production costs. Thus, process feasibility is dependent upon the efficient selection of separation technologies. This selection is dependent on upstream processing or biological parameters, such as microbial species, product titer and yield, and localization. Our goal is to present a roadmap for selection of appropriate technologies and generation of separation schemes for efficient recovery of bio-based chemicals by utilizing information from upstream processing, separation science and commercial requirements. To achieve this, we use a separation system comprising of three stages: (I) cell and product isolation, (II) product concentration, and (III) product purification and refinement. In each stage, we review the technology alternatives available for different tasks in terms of separation principles, important operating conditions, performance parameters, advantages and disadvantages. We generate separation schemes based on product localization and its solubility in water, the two most distinguishing properties. Subsequently, we present ideas for simplification of these schemes based on additional properties, such as physical state, density, volatility, and intended use. This simplification selectively narrows down the technology options and can be used for systematic process synthesis and optimal recovery of bio-based chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti M Yenkie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - WenZhao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Ryan L Clark
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Brian F Pfleger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Thatcher W Root
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Christos T Maravelias
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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26
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The Role of the Pyruvate Acetyl-CoA Switch in the Production of 1,3-Propanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:1199-1210. [PMID: 27734285 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase-complex (AcoABCD) and pyruvate formate-lyase (PFL) are two pathways responsible for synthesis of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate (pyruvate acetyl-CoA switch). The two pathways were individually deleted in Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the role of the pyruvate acetyl-CoA switch in 1,3-propanediol production was investigated. Fermentation results showed that the two pathways were both active in the wild-type strain. Acetyl-CoA formation between the two pathways was equal in the wild-type strain. The pflB mutant produced high level of lactic acid, and deletion of ldhA eliminated lactic acid synthesis. The conversion ratio of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in the pflB-ldhA mutant reached 0.541 g/g, which was 9.4 % higher than that of the wild-type strain. However, the productivity of 1,3-propanediol was decreased in the pflB-ldhA mutant. In contrast, the productivity of 1,3-propanediol was increased by 19 % in the acoABCD mutant, with the disadvantage of lower substrate conversion ratio. Regulating the pyruvate acetyl-CoA switch presents a novel way to improve the conversion ratio or productivity of 1,3-propanediol produced by K. pneumoniae.
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27
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The Use of a Fractional Factorial Design to Determine the Factors That Impact 1,3-Propanediol Production from Glycerol by Halanaerobium hydrogeniformans. Life (Basel) 2016; 6:life6030035. [PMID: 27556494 PMCID: PMC5041011 DOI: 10.3390/life6030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biodiesel, a substitute for fossil fuels, has led to the excessive production of crude glycerol. The resulting crude glycerol can possess a high concentration of salts and an alkaline pH. Moreover, current crude glycerol purification methods are expensive, rendering this former commodity a waste product. However, Halanaerobium hydrogeniformans, a haloalkaliphilic bacterium, possesses the metabolic capability to convert glycerol into 1,3-propanediol, a valuable commodity compound, without the need for salt dilution or adjusting pH when grown on this waste. Experiments were performed with different combinations of 24 medium components to determine their impact on the production of 1,3-propanediol by using a fractional factorial design. Tested medium components were selected based on data from the organism’s genome. Analysis of HPLC data revealed enhanced production of 1,3-propanediol with additional glycerol, pH, vitamin B12, ammonium ions, sodium sulfide, cysteine, iron, and cobalt. However, other selected components; nitrate ions, phosphate ions, sulfate ions, sodium:potassium ratio, chloride, calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc, borate, nickel, molybdenum, tungstate, copper and aluminum, did not enhance 1,3-propanediol production. The use of a fractional factorial design enabled the quick and efficient assessment of the impact of 24 different medium components on 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol from a haloalkaliphilic bacterium.
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Jiang W, Wang S, Wang Y, Fang B. Key enzymes catalyzing glycerol to 1,3-propanediol. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:57. [PMID: 26966462 PMCID: PMC4785665 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel can replace petroleum diesel as it is produced from animal fats and vegetable oils, and it produces about 10 % (w/w) glycerol, which is a promising new industrial microbial carbon, as a major by-product. One of the most potential applications of glycerol is its biotransformation to high value chemicals such as 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), succinic acid, etc., through microbial fermentation. Glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (1,3-propanediol-oxydoreductase), and glycerol dehydrogenase, which were encoded, respectively, by dhaB, dhaT, and dhaD and with DHA kinase are encompassed by the dha regulon, are the three key enzymes in glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-PD and DHA, and these are discussed in this review article. The summary of the main research direction of these three key enzyme and methods of glycerol bioconversion into 1,3-PD and DHA indicates their potential application in future enzymatic research and industrial production, especially in biodiesel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- />Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- />The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Shizhen Wang
- />Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- />The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Yuanpeng Wang
- />Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Baishan Fang
- />Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- />The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- />The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian China
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Mishra SK, Malik RK, Manju G, Pandey N, Singroha G, Behare P, Kaushik JK. Characterization of a Reuterin-Producing Lactobacillus reuteri BPL-36 Strain Isolated from Human Infant Fecal Sample. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 4:154-61. [PMID: 26782041 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-012-9103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A reuterin (3-hydroxypropinaldehyde, 3-HPA)-producing isolate from a human infant fecal sample was identified as Lactobacillus reuteri BPL-36 strain. The organism displayed a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The gene (gdh) encoding a glycerol dehydratase subunit was detected by PCR, thus confirming its reuterin-producing ability. Reuterin concentration of 89.63 mM/mL was obtained in the MRS-glycerol medium after 16 h of incubation at 37 °C. The reuterin concentration required to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli O157: H7, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes was found to be 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 10.0 AU/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial efficiency test using BPL-36 cell-free supernatant co-incubated along with different test pathogens was done. Viability of all the tested pathogens decreased with increasing contact time with the cell-free supernatant. S. typhi was observed to be the most susceptible among the tested organisms, and the number of viable cells hugely declined as the contact with cell-free supernatant continued, resulting in a reduction of 6 log cycles (100 % inhibition) of the cells after 4 h of treatment. Production of biogenic amines and degradation of mucin by the reuterin-producing BPL-36 strain were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - R K Malik
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India.
| | - G Manju
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Garima Singroha
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Pradip Behare
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - J K Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
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Sarris D, Papanikolaou S. Biotechnological production of ethanol: Biochemistry, processes and technologies. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Sarris
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Seraphim Papanikolaou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
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Comparison of Different Strategies for Selection/Adaptation of Mixed Microbial Cultures Able to Ferment Crude Glycerol Derived from Second-Generation Biodiesel. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:932934. [PMID: 26509171 PMCID: PMC4609794 DOI: 10.1155/2015/932934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective of this study was the selection and adaptation of mixed microbial cultures (MMCs), able to ferment crude glycerol generated from animal fat-based biodiesel and produce building-blocks and green chemicals. Various adaptation strategies have been investigated for the enrichment of suitable and stable MMC, trying to overcome inhibition problems and enhance substrate degradation efficiency, as well as generation of soluble fermentation products. Repeated transfers in small batches and fed-batch conditions have been applied, comparing the use of different inoculum, growth media, and Kinetic Control. The adaptation of activated sludge inoculum was performed successfully and continued unhindered for several months. The best results showed a substrate degradation efficiency of almost 100% (about 10 g/L glycerol in 21 h) and different dominant metabolic products were obtained, depending on the selection strategy (mainly 1,3-propanediol, ethanol, or butyrate). On the other hand, anaerobic sludge exhibited inactivation after a few transfers. To circumvent this problem, fed-batch mode was used as an alternative adaptation strategy, which led to effective substrate degradation and high 1,3-propanediol and butyrate production. Changes in microbial composition were monitored by means of Next Generation Sequencing, revealing a dominance of glycerol consuming species, such as Clostridium, Klebsiella, and Escherichia.
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Gungormusler-Yilmaz M, Cicek N, Levin DB, Azbar N. Cell immobilization for microbial production of 1,3-propanediol. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:482-94. [PMID: 25600463 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.992386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell and enzyme immobilization are often used for industrial production of high-value products. In recent years, immobilization techniques have been applied to the production of value-added chemicals such as 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO). Biotechnological fermentation is an attractive alternative to current 1,3-PDO production methods, which are primarily thermochemical processes, as it generates high volumetric yields of 1,3-PDO, is a much less energy intensive process, and generates lower amounts of environmental organic pollutants. Although several approaches including: batch, fed-batch, continuous-feed and two-step continuous-feed were tested in suspended systems, it has been well demonstrated that cell immobilization techniques can significantly enhance 1,3-PDO production and allow robust continuous production in smaller bioreactors. This review covers various immobilization methods and their application for 1,3-PDO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Gungormusler-Yilmaz
- a Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering , Ege University , Bornova , Izmir , Turkey and
| | - Nazim Cicek
- b Department of Biosystems Engineering , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - David B Levin
- b Department of Biosystems Engineering , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Nuri Azbar
- a Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering , Ege University , Bornova , Izmir , Turkey and
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Kracke F, Krömer JO. Identifying target processes for microbial electrosynthesis by elementary mode analysis. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15:410. [PMID: 25547630 PMCID: PMC4310134 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-014-0410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial electrosynthesis and electro fermentation are techniques that aim to optimize microbial production of chemicals and fuels by regulating the cellular redox balance via interaction with electrodes. While the concept is known for decades major knowledge gaps remain, which make it hard to evaluate its biotechnological potential. Here we present an in silico approach to identify beneficial production processes for electro fermentation by elementary mode analysis. Since the fundamentals of electron transport between electrodes and microbes have not been fully uncovered yet, we propose different options and discuss their impact on biomass and product yields. Results For the first time 20 different valuable products were screened for their potential to show increased yields during anaerobic electrically enhanced fermentation. Surprisingly we found that an increase in product formation by electrical enhancement is not necessarily dependent on the degree of reduction of the product but rather the metabolic pathway it is derived from. We present a variety of beneficial processes with product yield increases of maximal 36% in reductive and 84% in oxidative fermentations and final theoretical product yields up to 100%. This includes compounds that are already produced at industrial scale such as succinic acid, lysine and diaminopentane as well as potential novel bio-commodities such as isoprene, para-hydroxybenzoic acid and para-aminobenzoic acid. Furthermore, it is shown that the way of electron transport has major impact on achievable biomass and product yields. The coupling of electron transport to energy conservation could be identified as crucial for most processes. Conclusions This study introduces a powerful tool to determine beneficial substrate and product combinations for electro-fermentation. It also highlights that the maximal yield achievable by bio electrochemical techniques depends strongly on the actual electron transport mechanisms. Therefore it is of great importance to reveal the involved fundamental processes to be able to optimize and advance electro fermentations beyond the level of lab-scale studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-014-0410-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Kracke
- Centre for Microbial Electrosynthesis, The University of Queensland, Level 4, Gehrmann Laboratories Building (60), Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jens O Krömer
- Centre for Microbial Electrosynthesis, The University of Queensland, Level 4, Gehrmann Laboratories Building (60), Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Szymanowska-Powałowska D, Kubiak P. Effect of 1,3-propanediol, organic acids, and ethanol on growth and metabolism of Clostridium butyricum DSP1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:3179-89. [PMID: 25524700 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of tolerance of bacteria to toxic stress is important, especially for processes targeted at high final titers of product. Information on environmental limits and stress responses may help during selection of strains or design and control of processes. The influence of the main product and its co-products on the process of 1,3-propanediol (PD) synthesis was determined. Adaptation to toxic compounds was noticed as Clostridium butyricum DSP1 was less sensitive to the addition of these factors during its exponential growth on glycerol than when the factor was present in the medium before inoculation. It was also shown that the response of the tested strain to the toxicity of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) has different proteomic profiles depending on the stage of culture when this substance is introduced. Relatively satisfactory activity of the analyzed strain was sustained up to a concentration of 1,3-PD of 40 g/L while 80 g/L of this metabolite was lethal to the bacterium. As for the by-products, acetic acid was determined to be the most toxic among the acids excreted during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Szymanowska-Powałowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-527, Poznan, Poland,
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Dishisha T, Pereyra LP, Pyo SH, Britton RA, Hatti-Kaul R. Flux analysis of the Lactobacillus reuteri propanediol-utilization pathway for production of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:76. [PMID: 24886501 PMCID: PMC4045878 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacillus reuteri converts glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3PDO) via 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3HPA) as an intermediate using enzymes encoded in its propanediol-utilization (pdu) operon. Since 3HP, 1,3PDO and 3HPA are important building blocks for the bio-based chemical industry, L. reuteri can be an attractive candidate for their production. However, little is known about the kinetics of glycerol utilization in the Pdu pathway in L. reuteri. In this study, the metabolic fluxes through the Pdu pathway were determined as a first step towards optimizing the production of 3HPA, and co-production of 3HP and 1,3PDO from glycerol. Resting cells of wild-type (DSM 20016) and recombinant (RPRB3007, with overexpressed pdu operon) strains were used as biocatalysts. Results The conversion rate of glycerol to 3HPA by the resting cells of L. reuteri was evaluated by in situ complexation of the aldehyde with carbohydrazide to avoid the aldehyde-mediated inactivation of glycerol dehydratase. Under operational conditions, the specific 3HPA production rate of the RPRB3007 strain was 1.9 times higher than that of the wild-type strain (1718.2 versus 889.0 mg/gCDW.h, respectively). Flux analysis of glycerol conversion to 1,3PDO and 3HP in the cells using multi-step variable-volume fed-batch operation showed that the maximum specific production rates of 3HP and 1,3PDO were 110.8 and 93.7 mg/gCDW.h, respectively, for the wild-type strain, and 179.2 and 151.4 mg/gCDW.h, respectively, for the RPRB3007 strain. The cumulative molar yield of the two compounds was ~1 mol/mol glycerol and their molar ratio was ~1 mol3HP/mol1,3PDO. A balance of redox equivalents between the glycerol oxidative and reductive pathway branches led to equimolar amounts of the two products. Conclusions Metabolic flux analysis was a useful approach for finding conditions for maximal conversion of glycerol to 3HPA, 3HP and 1,3PDO. Improved specific production rates were obtained with resting cells of the engineered RPRB3007 strain, highlighting the potential of metabolic engineering to render an industrially sound strain. This is the first report on the production of 3HP and 1,3PDO as sole products using the wild-type or mutant L. reuteri strains, and has laid ground for further work on improving the productivity of the biotransformation process using resting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Dishisha
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Szymanowska-Powałowska D, Białas W. Scale-up of anaerobic 1,3-propanediol production by Clostridium butyricum DSP1 from crude glycerol. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:45. [PMID: 24555775 PMCID: PMC3974118 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the production of biofuels from raw materials continuously increases, optimization of production processes is necessary. A very important issue is the development of wasteless methods of biodiesel production. One way of utilization of glycerol generated in biodiesel production is its microbial conversion to 1,3-PD (1,3-propanediol). RESULTS The study investigated the scale-up of 1,3-PD synthesis from crude glycerol by Clostridium butyricum. Batch fermentations were carried out in 6.6 L, 42 L and 150 L bioreactors. It was observed that cultivation of C. butyricum on a pilot scale did not decrease the efficiency of 1,3-PD production. The highest concentrations of 1,3-PD, 37 g/L for batch fermentation and 71 g/L for fed-batch fermentation, were obtained in the 6.6 L bioreactor. The kinetic parameters of 1,3-PD synthesis from crude glycerol established for batch fermentation were similar regarding all three bioreactor capacities. During fed-batch fermentation, the concentration of 1,3-PD in the 150 L bioreactor was lower and the substrate was not completely utilized. That suggested the presence of multifunctional environmental stresses in the 150 L bioreactor, which was confirmed by protein analysis. CONCLUSION The values of effectivity parameters for 1,3-PD synthesis in batch fermentations carried out in 6.6 L, 42 L and 150 L bioreactors were similar. The parameters obtained during fed-batch fermentations in the 150 L bioreactor differed in the rate and percentage of substrate utilization. The analysis of cell proteins demonstrated that a number of multifunctional stresses occurred during fed-batch fermentations in the 150 L bioreactor, which suggests the possibility of identifying the key stages in the biochemical process where inhibition of 1,3-PD synthesis pathways can be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Szymanowska-Powałowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznan, 60-527, Poland.
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Schrewe M, Julsing MK, Bühler B, Schmid A. Whole-cell biocatalysis for selective and productive C-O functional group introduction and modification. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 42:6346-77. [PMID: 23475180 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60011d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, biocatalysis became of increasing importance for chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Regarding regio- and stereospecificity, enzymes have shown to be superior compared to traditional chemical synthesis approaches, especially in C-O functional group chemistry. Catalysts established on a process level are diverse and can be classified along a functional continuum starting with single-step biotransformations using isolated enzymes or microbial strains towards fermentative processes with recombinant microorganisms containing artificial synthetic pathways. The complex organization of respective enzymes combined with aspects such as cofactor dependency and low stability in isolated form often favors the use of whole cells over that of isolated enzymes. Based on an inventory of the large spectrum of biocatalytic C-O functional group chemistry, this review focuses on highlighting the potentials, limitations, and solutions offered by the application of self-regenerating microbial cells as biocatalysts. Different cellular functionalities are discussed in the light of their (possible) contribution to catalyst efficiency. The combined achievements in the areas of protein, genetic, metabolic, and reaction engineering enable the development of whole-cell biocatalysts as powerful tools in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schrewe
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Raghunandan K, McHunu S, Kumar A, Kumar KS, Govender A, Permaul K, Singh S. Biodegradation of glycerol using bacterial isolates from soil under aerobic conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2014; 49:85-92. [PMID: 24117087 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2013.824733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol, a non-biodegradable by-product during biodiesel production is a major concern to the emerging biodiesel industry. Many microbes in natural environments have the ability to utilize glycerol as a sole carbon and energy source. The focus of this study was to screen for microorganisms from soil, capable of glycerol utilization and its conversion to value added products such as ethanol and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO). Twelve bacterial isolates were screened for glycerol utilization ability in shake flask fermentations using M9 media supplemented with analytical grade glycerol (30 g/L) at various pH values (6, 7 and 8) and temperatures (30°C, 35°C and 40°C). Among these, six bacterial isolates (SM1, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM7 and SM8) with high glycerol degradation efficiency (>80%) were selected for further analysis. Highest level of 1,3-PDO production (15 g/L) was observed with isolate SM7 at pH 7 and 30°C, while superior ethanol production (14 g/L) was achieved by isolate SM9 at pH 8 and 35°C, at a glycerol concentration of 30 g/L. The selected strains were further evaluated for their bioconversion efficiency at elevated glycerol concentrations (50-110 g/L). Maximum 1,3-PDO production (46 g/L and 35 g/L) was achieved at a glycerol concentration of 70 g/L by isolates SM4 and SM7 respectively, with high glycerol degradation efficiency (>90). Three isolates (SM4, SM5 and SM7) also showed greater glycerol tolerance (up to 110 g/L). The isolates SM4 and SM7 were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and SM5 as Enterobacter aerogenes by 16S rDNA analysis. These novel isolates with greater glycerol tolerance could be used for the biodegradation of glycerol waste generated from the biodiesel industry into value-added commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerisha Raghunandan
- a Enzyme Technology Group, Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences , Durban University of Technology , Durban , South Africa
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Samul D, Leja K, Grajek W. Impurities of crude glycerol and their effect on metabolite production. ANN MICROBIOL 2013; 64:891-898. [PMID: 25100926 PMCID: PMC4119583 DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerol is a valuable raw material for the production of industrially useful metabolites. Among many promising applications for the use of glycerol is its bioconversion to high value-added compounds, such as 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), succinate, ethanol, propionate, and hydrogen, through microbial fermentation. Another method of waste material utilization is the application of crude glycerol in blends with other wastes (e.g., tomato waste hydrolysate). However, crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, has many impurities which can limit the yield of metabolites. In this mini-review we summarize the effects of crude glycerol impurities on various microbial fermentations and give an overview of the metabolites that can be synthesized by a number of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms when cultivated on glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Samul
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Leja
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Grajek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
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Wiesen S, Tippkötter N, Muffler K, Suck K, Sohling U, Ruf N, Ulber R. Adsorptive Vorbehandlung von Rohglycerin für die 1,3-Propandiol Fermentation mitClostridium diolis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Celińska E, Grajek W. A novel multigene expression construct for modification of glycerol metabolism in Yarrowia lipolytica. Microb Cell Fact 2013; 12:102. [PMID: 24188724 PMCID: PMC3827991 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-12-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High supply of raw, residual glycerol from biodiesel production plants promote the search for novel biotechnological methods of its utilization. In this study we attempted modification of glycerol catabolism in a nonconventional yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica through genetic engineering approach. RESULTS To address this, we developed a novel genetic construct which allows transferring three heterologous genes, encoding glycerol dehydratase, its reactivator and a wide-spectrum alcohol oxidoreductase under the control of glycerol-induced promoter. The three genes, tandemly arrayed in an expression cassette with a marker gene ura3, regulatory and targeting sequences (G3P dh promoter and XPR-like terminator, 28S rDNA as a target locus), were transferred into Yarrowia lipolytica cells. The obtained recombinant strain NCYC3825 was characterized at the molecular level and with respect to its biotechnological potential. Our experiments indicated that the novel recombinant strain stably borne one copy of the expression cassette and efficiently expressed heterologous alcohol oxidoreductase, while glycerol dehydratase and its reactivator were expressed at lower level. Comparative shake flask cultivations in glucose- and glycerol-based media demonstrated higher biomass production by the recombinant strain when glycerol was the main carbon source. During bioreactor (5 L) fed-batch cultivation in glycerol-based medium, the recombinant strain was characterized by relatively high biomass and lipids accumulation (up to 42 gDCW L(-1), and a peak value of 38%LIPIDS of DCW, respectively), and production of high titers of citric acid (59 g L(-1)) and 2-phenylethanol (up to 1 g L(-1) in shake flask cultivation), which are industrially attractive bioproducts. CONCLUSIONS Due to heterogeneous nature of the observed alterations, we postulate that the main driving force of the modified phenotype was faster growth in glycerol-based media, triggered by modifications in the red-ox balance brought by the wide spectrum oxidoreductase. Our results demonstrate the potential multidirectional use of a novel Yarrowia lipolytica strain as a microbial cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Celińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznań 60-627, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Grajek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznań 60-627, Poland
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Abstract
Synthetic biology provides numerous great opportunities for chemical engineers in the development of new processes for large-scale production of biofuels, value-added chemicals, and protein therapeutics. However, challenges across all scales abound. In particular, the modularization and standardization of the components in a biological system, so-called biological parts, remain the biggest obstacle in synthetic biology. In this perspective, we will discuss the main challenges and opportunities in the rapidly growing synthetic biology field and the important roles that chemical engineers can play in its advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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The effects of cell recycling on the production of 1,3-propanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:513-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Several Potential Chemical Commodities Following Different Pathways - A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.764.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the literature related to the direct uses of CO2and its conversion into various value added chemicals including high energy density liquid fuels such as methanol. The increase in the direct uses of CO2and its conversion into potential chemical commodities is very important as it directly contributes to the mitigation of CO2related global warming problem. The method being followed at present in several countries to reduce the CO2associated global warming is capturing of CO2at its major outlets using monoethanolamine based solution absorption technique followed by storing it in safe places such as, oceans, depleted coal seams, etc., (i.e., carbon dioxide capturing and storing in safe places, CCS process). This is called as CO2sequestration. Although, the CCS process is the most understood and immediate option to mitigate the global warming problem, it is considerably expensive and has become a burden for those countries, which are practicing this process. The other alternative and most beneficial way of mitigating this global warming problem is to convert the captured CO2into certain value added bulk chemicals instead of disposing it. Conversion of CO2into methanol has been identified as one of such cost effective ways of mitigating global warming problem. Further, if H2is produced from exclusively water using only solar energy instead of any fossil fuel based energy, and is used to convert CO2into methanol there are three major benefits: i) it contributes greatly to the global warming mitigation problem, ii) it greatly saves fossil fuels as methanol production from CO2could be an excellent sustainable and renewable energy resource, and iii) as on today, there is no better process than this to store energy in a more convenient and highly usable form of high energy density liquid fuel. Not only methanol, several other potential chemicals and value added chemical intermediates can be produced from CO2. In this article, i) synthesis of several commodity chemicals including poly and cyclic-carbonates, sodium carbonate and dimethyl carbonate, carbamates, urea, vicinal diamines, 2-arylsuccinic acids, dimethyl ether, methanol, various hydrocarbons, acetic acid, formaldehyde, formic acid, lower alkanes, etc., from CO2, ii) the several direct uses of CO2, and iii) the importance of producing methanol from CO2using exclusively solar energy are presented, discussed and summarized by citing all the relevant and important references.
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Wu Z, Wang Z, Wang G, Tan T. Improved 1,3-propanediol production by engineering the 2,3-butanediol and formic acid pathways in integrative recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Biotechnol 2013; 168:194-200. [PMID: 23665191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the biotechnological process, insufficient cofactor NADH and multiple by-products restrain the final titer of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD). In this study, 1,3-PD production was improved by engineering the 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) and formic acid pathways in integrative recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae. The formation of 2,3-BD is catalysed by acetoin reductase (AR). An inactivation mutation of the AR in K. pneumoniae CF was generated by insertion of a formate dehydrogenase gene. Inactivation of AR and expression of formate dehydrogenase reduced 2,3-BD formation and improved 1,3-PD production. Fermentation results revealed that intracellular metabolic flux was redistributed pronouncedly. The yield of 1,3-PD reached 0.74 mol/mol glycerol in flask fermentation, which is higher than the theoretical yield. In 5 L fed-batch fermentation, the final titer and 1,3-PD yield of the K. pneumoniae CF strain reached 72.2 g/L and 0.569 mol/mol, respectively, which were 15.9% and 21.7% higher than those of the wild-type strain. The titers of 2,3-BD and formic acid decreased by 52.2% and 73.4%, respectively. By decreasing the concentration of all nonvolatile by-products and by increasing the availability of NADH, this study demonstrates an important strategy in the metabolic engineering of 1,3-PD production by integrative recombinant hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae HSL4, a New Strain Isolated from Mangrove Sediment for Biosynthesis of 1,3-Propanediol. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:1/3/e00177-13. [PMID: 23661476 PMCID: PMC3650435 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00177-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae HSL4 is a 1,3-propanediol-producing bacterium strain isolated from mangrove sediment. We present here a 5,221,448-bp assembly of its genome sequence. Genome analysis revealed that it contains 10 coding sequences (CDSs) responsible for glycerol fermentation to 1,3-propanediol, 19 CDSs encoding glycerol utilization, and 140 CDSs related to its virulence.
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Draft Genome Sequence of Type Strain Clostridium pasteurianum DSM 525 (ATCC 6013), a Promising Producer of Chemicals and Fuels. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:genomeA00232-12. [PMID: 23469350 PMCID: PMC3587944 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00232-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium pasteurianum, an anaerobic bacterium able to utilize atmospheric free nitrogen for biosynthesis, has recently been proven to be a promising producer of chemicals and fuels, such as 1,3-propanediol and n-butanol. Here, we report the high-quality draft genome sequence of DSM 525, a type strain of C. pasteurianum.
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Ruiz JA, de Almeida A, Godoy MS, Mezzina MP, Bidart GN, Méndez BS, Pettinari MJ, Nikel PI. Escherichia coli redox mutants as microbial cell factories for the synthesis of reduced biochemicals. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2013; 3:e201210019. [PMID: 24688679 PMCID: PMC3962086 DOI: 10.5936/csbj.201210019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprocesses conducted under conditions with restricted O2 supply are increasingly exploited for the synthesis of reduced biochemicals using different biocatalysts. The model facultative aerobe Escherichia coli, the microbial cell factory par excellence, has elaborate sensing and signal transduction mechanisms that respond to the availability of electron acceptors and alternative carbon sources in the surrounding environment. In particular, the ArcBA and CreBC two-component signal transduction systems are largely responsible for the metabolic regulation of redox control in response to O2 availability and carbon source utilization, respectively. Significant advances in the understanding of the biochemical, genetic, and physiological duties of these regulatory systems have been achieved in recent years. This situation allowed to rationally-design novel engineering approaches that ensure optimal carbon and energy flows within central metabolism, as well as to manipulate redox homeostasis, in order to optimize the production of industrially-relevant metabolites. In particular, metabolic flux analysis provided new clues to understand the metabolic regulation mediated by the ArcBA and CreBC systems. Genetic manipulation of these regulators proved useful for designing microbial cells factories tailored for the synthesis of reduced biochemicals with added value, such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), under conditions with restricted O2 supply. This network-wide strategy is in contrast with traditional metabolic engineering approaches, that entail direct modification of the pathway(s) at stake, and opens new avenues for the targeted modulation of central catabolic pathways at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena A Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Instituto de Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA-CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra de Almeida
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel S Godoy
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela P Mezzina
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo N Bidart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde" (IIB-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz S Méndez
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Julia Pettinari
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo I Nikel
- Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde" (IIB-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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He L, Zhao X, Cheng K, Sun Y, Liu D. Kinetic Modeling of Fermentative Production of 1, 3-Propanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae HR526 with Consideration of Multiple Product Inhibitions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gonen C, Gungormusler M, Azbar N. Comparative Evaluation of Pumice Stone as an Alternative Immobilization Material for 1,3-Propanediol Production from Waste Glycerol by Immobilized Klebsiella pneumoniae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:2136-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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