1
|
Le TN, Descanzo MJN, Hsiao WWW, Soo PC, Peng WP, Chang HC. Fluorescent nanodiamond immunosensors for clinical diagnostics of tuberculosis. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3533-3542. [PMID: 38526339 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are carbon nanoparticles containing a dense ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy defects as color centers. These centers have exceptional photostability and unique quantum properties, making them useful for ultrasensitive biosensing applications. This work employed FNDs conjugated with antibodies as magneto-optical immunosensors for tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics using competitive spin-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay (SELFIA). ESAT6 (6-kDa early secretory antigenic target) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a clinical marker of TB. We evaluated the assay's performance using the recombinant ESAT6 antigen and its antibodies noncovalently coated on FNDs. A detection limit of ∼0.02 ng mL-1 was achieved with the lateral flow membrane strip pre-structured with a narrow channel of 1 mm width. Adopting a cut-off value of 24.0 ng mm-1 for 100-nm FNDs on the strips, the method detected 49 out of 50 clinical samples with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complexes. In contrast, none of the assays for 10 clinical samples with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolates exhibited the presence of ESAT6. These results suggest that the SELFIA platform is applicable for TB detection and can differentiate TB from NTM infections, which also affect the human respiratory system. The FND-enabled immunosensing techniques are versatile and promising for early detection of TB and other diseases, opening a new avenue for biomedical applications of carbon-based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trong-Nghia Le
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | | | - Wesley W-W Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Horng YT, Panjaitan NSD, Tsai YJ, Su PW, Yang HC, Soo PC. The role of EII complex in the bacterial responses to the glucose-survey in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289759. [PMID: 37549172 PMCID: PMC10406186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 3 fimbriae in Klebsiella pneumoniae are important for bacterial colonization on abiotic and biotic surfaces. The major subunit of type 3 fimbriae (MrkA) is increased by overexpression of EtcABC, an EII complex of phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems (PTSs), through cAMP-cAMP receptor protein (cAMP-CRP) in K. pneumoniae STU1. Here, we further characterized the relations between the amount of etcABC mRNA and MrkA in 78 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates incubated in high levels of glucose. By Western blotting, we observed that MrkA of 29 isolates were not decreased much by high levels of glucose (Group A) but MrkA of other 49 isolates were significantly reduced (Group B) in the same condition. The bacterial biofilms on abiotic surfaces and colonization in the Caenorhabditis elegans of representative isolates in the Group A were not affected by high levels of glucose. However, the biofilm and colonization in the worm of clinical isolates in the Group B were much reduced by high levels of glucose. After quantification by real time RT-PCR, 76% of Group A but just 10% of Group B showed high amount of etcA mRNA. In summary, our results suggested that for most of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates, the amount of etcABC mRNA was positively related to their type 3 fimbriae production in a high level of glucose, thereby to their biofilm formation and colonization in the worm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Novaria Sari Dewi Panjaitan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yi-Jhen Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pin-Wei Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang WH, Chen PH, Chang HH, Kwok HL, Stern A, Soo PC, Chen JH, Yang HC. Impaired immune response and barrier function in GSPD-1-deficient C. elegans infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Curr Res Microb Sci 2023; 4:100181. [PMID: 36798906 PMCID: PMC9926097 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
gspd-1-RNAi knockdown Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an immune-compromised model to investigate the role of G6PD in host-pathogen interactions. A shorted lifespan, increased bacterial burden and bacterial translocation were observed in gspd-1-knockdown C. elegans infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). RNAseq revealed that the innate immune pathway, including clc-1 and tsp-1, was affected by gspd-1 knockdown. qPCR confirmed that tight junction (zoo-1, clc-1) and immune-associated genes (tsp-1) were down-regulated in gspd-1-knockdown C. elegans and following infection with KP. The down-regulation of antimicrobial effector lysozymes, including lys-1, lys-2, lys-7, lys-8, ilys-2 and ilys-3, was found in gspd-1-knockdown C. elegans infected with KP. Deletion of clc-1, tsp-1, lys-7, and daf-2 in gspd-1-knockdown C. elegans infected with KP abolished the shorten lifespan seen in the Mock control. GSPD-1 deficiency in C. elegans resulted in bacterial accumulation and lethality, possibly due to a defective immune response. These findings indicate that GSPD-1 has a protective role in microbial defense in C. elegans by preventing bacterial colonization through bacterial clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hua Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Chen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsin Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 30041, Taiwan
| | - Hong Luen Kwok
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 30041, Taiwan
| | - Arnold Stern
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 30041, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 30041, Taiwan,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Horng YT, Dewi Panjaitan NS, Chang HJ, Wei YH, Chien CC, Yang HC, Chang HY, Soo PC. A protein containing the DUF1471 domain regulates biofilm formation and capsule production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2022; 55:1246-1254. [PMID: 34924339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Biofilms formed by Klebsiella pneumoniae on medical devices increase infection risk. Fimbriae and capsule polysaccharides (CPSs) are important factors involved in biofilm formation. KP1_4563 in K. pneumoniae NTUH-K2044, a small protein containing the DUF1471 domain, was reported to inhibit type 3 fimbriae function. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the KP1_4563 homolog is conserved in each K. pneumoniae isolate and what role it has in Klebsiella biofilms. METHODS The genomes of K. pneumoniae NTUH-K2044, CG43, MGH78578, KPPR1 and STU1 were compared. The KP1_4563 homolog in K. pneumoniae STU1 was named orfX. Biofilms of wild-type and orfX mutant strains from K. pneumoniae STU1 and one clinical isolate, 83535, were quantified. Transcription levels of the type 3 fimbrial genes, mrkA and mrkH, were investigated by RT-qPCR. MrkA of the wild-type and orfX mutant were observed by Western blotting. The morphology of bacterial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bacterial CPSs were quantified. RESULTS The gene and upstream region of orfX were conserved among the five K. pneumoniae isolates. Deletion of orfX enhanced Klebsiella biofilm formation. However, the amount of mRNA from mrkA and mrkH and the level of MrkA protein were not different between the wild type and orfX mutant. In contrast, the amount of CPS in orfX mutants was increased, compared to their parental strains, STU1 and 83535. CONCLUSION The role of orfX is speculated to be conserved in most K. pneumoniae isolates. OrfX negatively controlled biofilm formation by reducing CPS, not type 3 fimbriae, production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Novaria Sari Dewi Panjaitan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Hong Wei
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Ching Chien
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Heng-Yuan Chang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang SY, Wan SC, Ho YP, Horng YT, Soo PC, Peng WP. Rapid Quantification of Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymer from Single Bacterial Cells with Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11734-11738. [PMID: 35977070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is one of the biocompatible and biodegradable plastics that can be produced and accumulated as granules inside microorganisms. In this study, a new approach to rapidly quantify a short-chain-length PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), produced from genetically engineered Escherichia coli containing phaCAB is presented. The mass of each bacterial cell was measured using a laser-induced radio frequency (rf) plasma charge detection quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (LIRFP CD QIT-MS), and then, the PHB contents were determined by calculating the change in cellular mass. The quantitative results showed that the PHB contents measured by LIRFP CD QIT-MS were consistent with those by reference analysis, gas chromatography (GC). The PHB content of each bacterial sample can be obtained within 20 min from sampling using LIRFP CD QIT-MS while GC analysis takes 2 days. In addition, LIRFP CD QIT-MS does not use any hazardous chemicals in cellular mass quantification as compared to GC. This indicates that LIRFP CD QIT-MS has potential in routine monitoring of PHB production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yu Liang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 974
| | - Shih-Chih Wan
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 974
| | - Yen-Peng Ho
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 974
| | - Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 974
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen WC, Chuang CJ, Chang JS, Wang LF, Soo PC, Wu HS, Tsai SL, Wei YH. Exploring Dual-Substrate Cultivation Strategy of 1,3-Propanediol Production Using Klebsiella pneumoniae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 191:346-359. [PMID: 31863348 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) has numerous industrial applications in the synthesis of the monomer of the widely used fiber polytrimethylene terephthalate. In this work, the production of 1,3-PDO by Klebsiella pneumoniae is increased by dual-substrate cultivation and fed-batch fermentation. Experimental results indicate that the production of 1,3-PDO can be elevated to 16.09 g/L using a dual substrate ratio (of glucose to crude glycerol) of 1/30 and to 20.73 g/L using an optimized dual-substrate ratio of 1/20. Ultimately, the optimal dual-substrate feeding for a 5 L scale fed-batch fermenter that maximizes 1,3-PDO production (29.69 g/L) is determined. This production yield is better than that reported in most related studies. Eventually, the molecular weight and chemical structure of 1,3-PDO were obtained by FAB-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Also, in demonstrating the effectiveness of the fermentation strategy in increasing the production and production yield of 1,3-PDO, experimental results indicate that the fermentation of 1,3-PDO is highly promising for commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chuan Chen
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Chuang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Fooyin University, Daliao Dist, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, No.701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., 97004, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Shing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Long Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hong Wei
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Panjaitan NSD, Horng YT, Cheng SW, Chung WT, Soo PC. EtcABC, a Putative EII Complex, Regulates Type 3 Fimbriae via CRP-cAMP Signaling in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1558. [PMID: 31354661 PMCID: PMC6629953 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae on indwelling medical devices increases the risk of infection. Both type 1 and type 3 fimbriae are important factors in biofilm formation by K. pneumoniae. We found that a putative enzyme II (EII) complex of the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), etcA (EIIA)-etcB (EIIB)-etcC (EIIC), regulated biofilm and type 3 fimbriae formation by K. pneumoniae STU1. In this study, the regulatory mechanism of etcABC in K. pneumoniae type 3 fimbriae formation was investigated. We found via quantitative RT-PCR that overexpression of etcABC enhanced the transcription level of the mrk operon, which is involved in type 3 fimbriae synthesis, and reduced the transcription level of the fim operon, which is involved in type 1 fimbriae synthesis. To gain further insight into the role of etcABC in type 3 fimbriae synthesis, we analyzed the region upstream of the mrk operon and found the potential cyclic 3′5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP) binding site. After crp was deleted in K. pneumoniae STU1 and two clinical isolates, these three crp mutant strains could not express MrkA, the major subunit of the fimbrial shaft, indicating that CRP positively regulated type 3 fimbriae synthesis. Moreover, a crp mutant overexpressing etcABC could not express MrkA, indicating that the regulation of type 3 fimbriae by etcABC was dependent on CRP. In addition, deletion of cyaA, which encodes the adenylyl cyclase that synthesizes cAMP, and deletion of crr, which encodes the glucose-specific EIIA, led to a reduction in lac operon regulation and therefore bacterial lactose uptake in K. pneumoniae. Exogenous cAMP but not etcABC overexpression compensated for the role of cyaA in bacterial lactose uptake. However, either etcABC overexpression or exogenous cAMP compensated for the role of crr in bacterial lac operon regulation that would eventually restore lactose uptake. We also found via ELISA and the luxCDABE reporter system that overexpression of etcABC increased intracellular cAMP levels and the transcription level of crp, respectively, in K. pneumoniae. In conclusion, overexpression of etcABC positively regulated cAMP production and cAMP-CRP activity to activate the mrk operon, resulting in increased type 3 fimbriae synthesis in K. pneumoniae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang SY, Patil AA, Han CH, Chou SW, Chang W, Soo PC, Chang HC, Peng WP. Ionization of Submicrometer-Sized Particles by Laser-Induced Radiofrequency Plasma for Mass Spectrometric Analysis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13236-13242. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yu Liang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| | - Avinash A. Patil
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| | - Chou-Hsun Han
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| | - Szu-Wei Chou
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
- AcroMass Technologies Inc., Hukou, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30352
| | - Wen Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan 97004
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Horng YT, Wang CJ, Chung WT, Chao HJ, Chen YY, Soo PC. Phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system components positively regulate Klebsiella biofilm formation. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 2018; 51:174-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
10
|
Chang KC, Chung CY, Yeh CH, Hsu KH, Chin YC, Huang SS, Liu BR, Chen HA, Hu A, Soo PC, Peng WP. Direct detection of carbapenemase-associated proteins of Acinetobacter baumannii using nanodiamonds coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 147:36-42. [PMID: 29499232 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The appearance and spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) pose a challenge for optimization of antibiotic therapies and outbreak preventions. The carbapenemase production can be detected through culture-based methods (e.g. Modified Hodge Test-MHT) and DNA based methods (e.g. Polymerase Chain Reaction-PCR). The culture-based methods are time-consuming, whereas those of PCR assays need only a few hours but due to its specificity, can only detect known genetic targets encoding carbapenem-resistance genes. Therefore, new approaches to detect carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii are of great importance. Here, we have developed a rapid and novel method using detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) as a platform for concentration and extraction of A. baumannii carbapenemase-associated proteins prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF-MS) analysis. To concentrate and extract the A. baumannii carbapenemase-associated proteins, we tested several protein precipitation conditions and found a 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution within the bacterial suspension could result in strong ion signals with DNDs. A total of 66 A. baumannii clinical-isolates including 51 carbapenem-resistant strains and 15 carbapenem-susceptible strains were tested. Our result showed that among the 51 carbapenem-resistant strains 49 strains had a signal at m/z ~40,279 (±87); among the 15 carbapenem-susceptible strains, 4 strains showed a signal at m/z ~40,279. With on-diamond digestion, we confirmed that the captured protein at m/z ~40,279 was related to ADC family extended-spectrum class C beta-lactamase, from A. baumannii. Using this ADC family protein as a biomarker (m/z ~ 40,279) for carbapenem susceptibility testing of A. baumannii, the sensitivity and the specificity could reach 96% and 73% as compared to traditional imipenem susceptibility testing (MIC results). However, the sensitivity and specificity of this method reached 100% as compared to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result. Our approach could directly detect the carbapenemase-associated proteins of A. baumannii within 90 min and does not require addition of carbapenemase substrate which is required in the MHT or other mass spectrometric methods. For future applications, our method could be efficiently used in the detection of other carbapenemase-producing bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Chung
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsing Yeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiu Hsu
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Chin
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Siang Huang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Liu
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-An Chen
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Anren Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jeng WY, Panjaitan NSD, Horng YT, Chung WT, Chien CC, Soo PC. The Negative Effects of KPN00353 on Glycerol Kinase and Microaerobic 1,3-Propanediol Production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2441. [PMID: 29375490 PMCID: PMC5770620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PD) is a valuable chemical intermediate in the synthesis of polyesters, polyethers, and polyurethanes, which have applications in various products such as cloth, bottles, films, tarpaulins, canoes, foam seals, high-resilience foam seating, and surface coatings. Klebsiella pneumoniae can produce 1,3-PD from glycerol. In this study, KPN00353, an EIIA homologue in the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), was found to play a negative regulatory role in 1,3-PD production under microaerobic conditions via binding to glycerol kinase (GlpK). The primary sequence of KPN00353 is similar to those of the fructose-mannitol EIIA (EIIFru and EIIAMtl) family. The interaction between KPN00353 and GlpK resulted in inhibition of the synthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and correlated with reductions in glycerol uptake and the production of 1,3-PD. Based on structure modeling, we conclude that residue H65 of KPN00353 plays an important role in the interaction with GlpK. We mutated this histidine residue to aspartate, glutamate, arginine and glutamine to assess the effects of each KPN00353 variant on the interaction with GlpK, on the synthesis of G3P and on the production of 1,3-PD. Our results illuminate the role of KPN00353 in 1,3-PD production by K. pneumoniae under microaerobic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yih Jeng
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Novaria S D Panjaitan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Chien
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun JR, Jeng WY, Perng CL, Yang YS, Soo PC, Chiang YS, Chiueh TS. Single amino acid substitution Gly186Val in AdeS restores tigecycline susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1488-92. [PMID: 26850720 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amino acid substitutions within the AdeRS two-component system are believed to result in overexpression of the AdeABC efflux pump and extensive resistance to antibiotics in clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. However, the exact amino acid substitutions in AdeRS that cause overexpression of the AdeABC efflux pump remain unclear. We elucidated the role of amino acid substitutions in AdeRS by a complementation assay in an adeRS knockout strain of A. baumannii. METHODS Five types of adeRS operon from tigecycline-resistant XDR A. baumannii (XDRAB) were cloned and introduced into the adeRS knockout strain to reverse its tigecycline susceptibility. RESULTS Through shuffling gene segments among those five adeRS operons and performing site-directed mutagenesis, we found that the specific amino acid substitution Gly186Val in AdeS is crucial for reducing tigecycline susceptibility of A. baumannii. CONCLUSIONS Our result demonstrates that a critical amino acid substitution in AdeS alters the AdeABC efflux pump-mediated tigecycline resistance of A. baumannii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ren Sun
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yih Jeng
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cherng-Lih Perng
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Sung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Sen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzong-Shi Chiueh
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lai MJ, Liu CC, Jiang SJ, Soo PC, Tu MH, Lee JJ, Chen YH, Chang KC. Antimycobacterial Activities of Endolysins Derived From a Mycobacteriophage, BTCU-1. Molecules 2015; 20:19277-90. [PMID: 26506338 PMCID: PMC6332426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201019277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of Mycobacterium infection, notably multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis infection, has become a significant public health concern worldwide. In this study, we isolate and analyze a mycobacteriophage, BTCU-1, and a foundational study was performed to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of BTCU-1 and its cloned lytic endolysins. Using Mycobacterium smegmatis as host, a mycobacteriophage, BTCU-1, was isolated from soil in eastern Taiwan. The electron microscopy images revealed that BTCU-1 displayed morphology resembling the Siphoviridae family. In the genome of BTCU-1, two putative lytic genes, BTCU-1_ORF7 and BTCU-1_ORF8 (termed lysA and lysB, respectively), were identified, and further subcloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. When applied exogenously, both LysA and LysB were active against M. smegmatis tested. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that LysA and LysB caused a remarkable modification of the cell shape of M. smegmatis. Intracellular bactericidal activity assay showed that treatment of M. smegmatis-infected RAW 264.7 macrophages with LysA or LysB resulted in a significant reduction in the number of viable intracellular bacilli. These results indicate that the endolysins derived from BTCU-1 have antimycobacterial activity, and suggest that they are good candidates for therapeutic/disinfectant agents to control mycobacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jiun Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chin Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chung Hua University, Hsin-Chu City 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Shinn-Jong Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Hsuan Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Jyh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Huei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Soo PC, Horng YT, Chen AT, Yang SC, Chang KC, Lee JJ, Peng WP. Validation of nanodiamond-extracted CFP-10 antigen as a biomarker in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in broth culture media. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2015; 95:620-4. [PMID: 26071665 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
With detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), we previously identified early secreted cell filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) as a candidate Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) biomarker. The performance of the CFP-10 biomarker was initially evaluated in relatively small mycobacterial samples (n = 42 samples) in our previous study. In this study, we conducted DND MALDI-TOF MS experiments to investigate the specificity and sensitivity of the MTC biomarker with 312 MTC and 52 nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) clinical samples. The frequency and intensity of the acquired CFP-10 mass-to-charge (m/z) peaks were checked with a program to validate that the singly and doubly charged CFP-10 antigen can be treated as a MTC biomarker. We confirmed that by detecting the singly charged species of CFP-10 antigen, the sensitivity and the specificity of MTC samples could reach 97.4% and 100% and no CFP-10 biomarker could be found in NTM samples. This indicates with CFP-10 biomarker it is easy to distinguish MTC from NTM. Besides, the observed intensity ratio of singly and doubly charged species of CFP-10 antigen was 3.3 ± 2.6 and the CFP-10 antigen could maintain good signal intensity for a week. Our results suggest that, with the DND MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry approach, CFP-10 antigen can be used as an early diagnosis biomarker in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ti Chen
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Yang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jyh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shu JC, Soo PC, Chen JC, Hsu SH, Chen LC, Chen CY, Liang SH, Buu LM, Chen CC. Differential regulation and activity against oxidative stress of Dps proteins in Bacillus cereus. Int J Med Microbiol 2013; 303:662-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
16
|
Lai MJ, Soo PC, Lin NT, Hu A, Chen YJ, Chen LK, Chang KC. Identification and characterisation of the putative phage-related endolysins through full genome sequence analysis in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 42:141-8. [PMID: 23742833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has recently emerged as a major cause of healthcare-associated infections owing to an increase in its antimicrobial resistance to virtually all available drugs. The ability of endolysins (lysozymes) to digest cell walls when applied exogenously to bacterial cells has enabled their use as novel antibacterials. In order to utilise endolysins as a therapeutic alternative to antibiotics, we surveyed the genome sequence of A. baumannii ATCC 17978 and successfully identified two phage-related endolysin genes, A1S_1600 and A1S_2016 (termed lysAB3 and lysAB4, respectively). Following cloning and expression/purification, various antibacterial activities of these two phage-related endolysins were determined in vitro. Zymographic assays showed that only purified LysAB3 could lyse the peptidoglycan of the A. baumannii cell wall. When applied exogenously, both LysAB3 and LysAB4 were active against most Acinetobacter spp. tested but had virtually no activity against other non-Acinetobacter spp. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that exposure to 100μg/mL LysAB3 and LysAB4 for up to 60min caused a remarkable modification of the cell shape of A. baumannii. These results indicate that the genes encoding phage-related endolysins can be readily isolated from the bacterial genome and have potential for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jiun Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liou ML, Soo PC, Ling SR, Kuo HY, Tang CY, Chang KC. The sensor kinase BfmS mediates virulence in Acinetobacter baumannii. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2013; 47:275-81. [PMID: 23453128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE BfmR, the response regulator component of the two-component system BfmRS, has important roles in biofilm formation and cellular morphology of Acinetobacter baumannii. Until now, the contribution of the sensor kinase BfmS to the virulence of this bacterium remains unknown. In this study, a bfmS knockout and complementation studies were performed to clarify the role of BfmS in A. baumannii virulence. METHODS We constructed a bfmS knockout mutant in the A. baumannii 17978 type strain by transposon inactivation. To clarify the role of bfmS in A. baumannii virulence, the biofilm formation, adherence ability to eukaryotic cells, serum resistance, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in A. baumannii 17978 and its derivative knockout and complementation strains. RESULTS The bfmS knockout displayed a reduction in biofilm formation, loss of adherence to eukaryotic cells, and greater sensitivity to serum killing compared with the parent strain. Proteomic analysis of culture supernatants revealed that the release of outer membrane proteins (Omps), including CarO and outer membrane protein A (OmpA), was associated with the inactivation of BfmS in A. baumannii. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that the pathway regulated by the sensor kinase BfmS is associated with biofilm formation, adherence to biotic surfaces, serum resistance, and antibiotic susceptibility, which may be associated with the release of Omps in A. baumannii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Liou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Providence University, Taichung County, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Ru Ling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yueh Kuo
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Yi Tang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Providence University, Taichung County, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Soo PC, Tseng CC, Ling SR, Liou ML, Liu CC, Chao HJ, Lin TY, Chang KC. Rapid and sensitive detection of Acinetobacter baumannii using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 92:197-200. [PMID: 23220188 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the design and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detecting Acinetobacter baumannii DNA based on the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (ITS) sequence. The results showed that target DNA was amplified and visualized within 30min and with a detection limit 100-fold greater than PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Soo PC, Kung CJ, Horng YT, Chang KC, Lee JJ, Peng WP. Detonation nanodiamonds for rapid detection of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in broth culture media. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7972-8. [PMID: 22905748 DOI: 10.1021/ac301767z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Routinely used molecular diagnostic methods for mycobacterium identification are expensive and time-consuming. To tackle this problem, we develop a method to streamline identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in broth culture media by using detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) as a platform to effectively capture the antigen secreted by MTBC which is cultured in BACTEC MGIT 960, followed by the analysis of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The 5 nm DNDs can capture the MTBC secretory antigen without albumin interference. With on diamond digestion, we confirm the DND captured antigen is cell filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) because its Mascot analysis shows a score of 68. The dot blotting method further verifies a positive reaction with anti-CFP-10, indicating that CFP-10 is secreted in the medium of mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) and captured by DNDs. The minimal CFP-10 protein detection limit was 0.09 μg/mL. Furthermore, our approach can avoid the false-positive identification of MTBC by immunological methods due to cross-reactivity. Five hundred consecutive clinical specimens subjected to routine mycobacteria identification in hospital were used in this study, and the sensitivity of our method is 100% and the specificity is 98%. The analysis of each MTBC sample from culture solution can be finished within 1 h and thus shortens the turnaround time of MTBC identification of gold standard culture methods. In sum, DND MALDI-TOF MS for the detection of MTBC is rapid, specific, safe, reliable, and inexpensive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chien CC, Li HH, Soo PC, Chen SY, Wei YH, Chen WM. Effects of different substrate composition on biosynthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate by recombinant Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:796-804. [PMID: 22203393 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cupriavidus necator is well known for its ability to accumulate polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). When supplemented with propionic acid (or sodium propionate) in the growth medium, the bacterium is also able to synthesize polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV). In order to increase the fraction of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) in PHBV, we cloned the propionate permease gene prpP from C. necator and the propionyl-CoA synthase gene prpE from Cupriavidus taiwanensis and transformed into an Escherichia coli containing phaCAB operon of C. necator. The effects on PHBV accumulation in cells co-expressed with phaCAB and prpE or prpP in the media contained mixed carbon sources (glucose and sodium propionate) were evaluated. The HV fraction in PHBV increased when prpE or prpP was overexpressed in the cells. Concentrations of yeast extracts could also affect the fraction of HV. In addition, when glucose was replaced by sodium pyruvate, sodium succinate, or sodium gluconate, only PHB were detected in the recombinant strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Chien
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Rd, Chung-Li, 320 Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chien CC, Hong CC, Soo PC, Wei YH, Chen SY, Cheng ML, Sun YM. Functional Expression of phaCAB Genes from Cupriavidus taiwanensis Strain 184 in Escherichia coli for Polyhydroxybutyrate Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:2355-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-9008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Horng YT, Chang KC, Chou TC, Yu CJ, Chien CC, Wei YH, Soo PC. Inactivation of dhaD and dhaK abolishes by-product accumulation during 1,3-propanediol production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:707-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
23
|
Horng YT, Chang KC, Liu YN, Lai HC, Soo PC. The RssB/RssA two-component system regulates biosynthesis of the tripyrrole antibiotic, prodigiosin, in Serratia marcescens. Int J Med Microbiol 2010; 300:304-12. [PMID: 20347390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Serratia marcescens CH-1 produces a red, cell-associated pigment, prodigiosin, synthesized by enzymes encoded in the pig operon. The underlying regulatory mechanism, especially its relationship with the RssAB two-component system signaling, remained uncharacterized. Here, we show that phosphorylated RssB (RssB-P) directly binds to the promoter region of the pig operon (pigA promoter), as observed using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Furthermore, we identify the RssB-P binding site located downstream of the -10 and -35 regions in pigA using a DNase I footprinting assay. A compilation of the RssB-P binding sites in flhDC, rssB and pigA promoter regions reveals the presence of a conserved core sequence, GAGATTTTAGCTAAATTAATBTTT (B=C, G, or T), which we believe is the RssB binding sequence. Site-specific mutation of conserved nucleotides within the conserved RssB binding sequence in the pigA promoter region leads to absence of retardation in the presence of RssB-P in vitro and elevated transcription of pigA in vivo. These data suggest that RssAB signaling negatively regulates prodigiosin production, and such inhibition is mediated through direct and specific repression of transcriptional activity of the pig operon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, College of Medicine, 701 Section 3, Zhongyang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Soo PC, Horng YT, Chang KC, Wang JY, Hsueh PR, Chuang CY, Lu CC, Lai HC. A simple gold nanoparticle probes assay for identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from clinical specimens. Mol Cell Probes 2009; 23:240-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
25
|
Hsieh SC, Lu CC, Horng YT, Soo PC, Chang YL, Tsai YH, Lin CS, Lai HC. The bacterial metabolite 2,3-butanediol ameliorates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats. Microbes Infect 2007; 9:1402-9. [PMID: 17913548 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Widely identified in bacteria, yeasts and human beings, 2,3-butanediol has been studied for decades. This chemical reportedly functions as a neutralization agent to counteract lethal acidification by bacterial growth and as a signaling molecule involved in interactions among insects, and between bacteria and the plant host. While 2,3-butanediol is produced by many pathogenic bacterial species, its significance and effect on mammals remains basically uncharacterized. Herein, we show that gastric intubation of 2,3-butanediol in rats significantly ameliorates acute lung injury (ALI) and the inflammatory responses induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with an efficacy comparable to that of the polyphenol compound resveratrol. Such effect was further demonstrated to occur via modulation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. These results indicate that bacterial metabolite, 2,3-butanediol has a negative regulatory effect on host innate immunity response, suggesting bacteria may use some metabolites for host immune evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Soo PC, Horng YT, Lai MJ, Wei JR, Hsieh SC, Chang YL, Tsai YH, Lai HC. Pirin regulates pyruvate catabolism by interacting with the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit and modulating pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. J Bacteriol 2006; 189:109-18. [PMID: 16980458 PMCID: PMC1797226 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00710-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein pirin, which is involved in a variety of biological processes, is conserved from prokaryotic microorganisms, fungi, and plants to mammals. It acts as a transcriptional cofactor or an apoptosis-related protein in mammals and is involved in seed germination and seedling development in plants. In prokaryotes, while pirin is stress induced in cyanobacteria and may act as a quercetinase in Escherichia coli, the functions of pirin orthologs remain mostly uncharacterized. We show that the Serratia marcescens pirin (pirin(Sm)) gene encodes an ortholog of pirin protein. Protein pull-down and bacterial two-hybrid assays followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analyses showed the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) E1 subunit as a component interacting with the pirin(Sm) gene. Functional analyses showed that both PDH E1 subunit activity and PDH enzyme complex activity are inhibited by the pirin(Sm) gene in S. marcescens CH-1. The S. marcescens CH-1 pirin(Sm) gene was subsequently mutated by insertion-deletion homologous recombination. Accordingly, the PDH E1 and PDH enzyme complex activities and cellular ATP concentration increased up to 250%, 140%, and 220%, respectively, in the S. marcescens CH-1 pirin(Sm) mutant. Concomitantly, the cellular NADH/NAD(+) ratio increased in the pirin(Sm) mutant, indicating increased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. Our results show that the pirin(Sm) gene plays a regulatory role in the process of pyruvate catabolism to acetyl coenzyme A through interaction with the PDH E1 subunit and inhibiting PDH enzyme complex activity in S. marcescens CH-1, and they suggest that pirin(Sm) is an important protein involved in determining the direction of pyruvate metabolism towards either the TCA cycle or the fermentation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Chan-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wei JR, Soo PC, Horng YT, Hsieh SC, Tsai YH, Swift S, Withers H, Williams P, Lai HC. Regulatory roles of spnT, a novel gene located within transposon TnTIR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:1038-46. [PMID: 16899219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The transposon TnTIR contains spnIR quorum-sensing system regulating sliding motility and the production of nuclease, biosurfactant, and prodigiosin in Serratia marcescens. Within TnTIR, a gene named spnT is upstream of and co-transcribed with spnI. SpnT is a cytoplasmic protein and its level peaks during early stationary phase. spnT over-expression resulted in inhibition of sliding motility and synthesis of prodigiosin, and biosurfactant similar to spnR. spnT but not spnR over-expression induced cell elongation and aberrant DNA replication in S. marcescens and Escherichia coli strains. In comparison with wild-type E. coli strain, over-expression of spnT in an E. coli priA and dnaC double-mutant strain did not lead to the aberrant cell morphology phenotypes, suggesting SpnT may act through the recombination-dependent DNA replication system. As spnT over-expression inhibited swarming but not swimming motility, SpnT may indirectly function as a negative regulator of surface-dependent migration and secondary metabolite production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Rong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Soo PC, Horng YT, Hsueh PR, Shen BJ, Wang JY, Tu HH, Wei JR, Hsieh SC, Huang CC, Lai HC. Direct and Simultaneous Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) by Rapid Multiplex nested PCR-ICT assay. J Microbiol Methods 2006; 66:440-8. [PMID: 16516314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2006.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Revised: 01/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) shows different virulence and host infection range from other members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Differential identification of MTB from MTBC is thus important in certain occasions. The currently commercially available molecular assays which use either IS6110 or 16S rDNA fragment as identification targets are mainly designed for identifying MTBC but not for MTB. Comparative genomic DNA analysis has provided valuable information on regions of difference (RD) present in MTB but not in other members of the MTBC. RD9 region is further suggested to be a potential target for differential identification of MTB from MTBC. In this study, using IS6110 and Rv3618 (belong to RD9) as the specific identification targets for MTBC and MTB, respectively, we developed and tested a multiplex nested PCR-ICT (immuno-chromatography test) assay for simultaneously and directly detecting not only MTBC but also MTB from 1500 clinical sputum specimens. The results were compared with traditional culture and biochemical identification results together with patients' clinical assessments. This assay showed a 95.5% sensitivity, 97.9% specificity, 2.1% false positive rate and 4.5% false negative rate towards detection of MTBC, and a 93.0% sensitivity, 99.8% specificity, 0.2% false positive rate and 7.0% false negative rate for detection of MTB. This detection system shows great potential in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Chan-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Horng YT, Soo PC, Shen BJ, Hung YL, Lo KY, Su HP, Wei JR, Hsieh SC, Hsueh PR, Lai HC. Development of an improved PCR-ICT hybrid assay for direct detection of Legionellae and Legionella pneumophila from cooling tower water specimens. Water Res 2006; 40:2221-9. [PMID: 16713613 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A novelly improved polymerase chian reaction and immunochromatography test (PCR-ICT) hybrid assay comprising traditional multiplex-nested PCR and ICT, (a lateral-flow device) was developed for direct detection of Legionella bacteria from environmental cooling tower samples. The partial 16S rDNA (specific for Legionella spp.) and dnaJ (specific for Legionella pneumophila) genes from Legionella chromosome were first specifically amplified by multiplex-nested PCR, respectively, followed by detection using ICT strip. Reading of results was based on presence or absence of the two test lines on the strips. Presence of test line 1 indicated existence of Legionella spp. specific 16S rDNA and identified Legionella spp. Presence of test line 2 further indicated existence of dnaJ and thus specifically identified L. pneumophila. In contrast, for non-Legionellae bacteria no test line formation was observed. Results of direct detection of Legionella bacteria and L. pneumophila from water tower specimens by this assay showed 100% sensitivity, and 96.6% and 100% specificity, respectively compared with traditional culture, biochemical and serological identification methods. The PCR-ICT hybrid assay does not require sophisticated equipment and was proved to be practically useful in rapid and direct Legionellae detection from environmental water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tze Horng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1. Chan-Dar Street 100, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Quorum-sensing systems that have been widely identified in bacteria play important roles in the regulation of bacterial multicellular behavior by which bacteria sense population density to control various biological functions, including virulence. One characteristic of the luxIR quorum-sensing genes is their diverse and discontinuous distribution among proteobacteria. Here we report that the spnIR quorum-sensing system identified in the enterobacterium Serratia marcescens strain SS-1 is carried in a transposon, TnTIR, which has common characteristics of Tn3 family transposons and is mobile between chromosomes and plasmids of different enterobacterial hosts. SpnIR functions in the new host and was shown to negatively regulate the TnTIR transposition frequency. This finding may help reveal the horizontal transfer and evolutionary mechanism of quorum-sensing genes and alter the way that we perceive regulation of bacterial multicellular behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Rong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1. Chang-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Soo PC, Wei JR, Horng YT, Hsieh SC, Ho SW, Lai HC. Characterization of the dapA-nlpB genetic locus involved in regulation of swarming motility, cell envelope architecture, hemolysin production, and cell attachment ability in Serratia marcescens. Infect Immun 2005; 73:6075-84. [PMID: 16113328 PMCID: PMC1231142 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.9.6075-6084.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Swarming migration of Serratia marcescens requires both flagellar motility and cellular differentiation and is a population-density-dependent behavior. While the flhDC and quorum-sensing systems have been characterized as important factors regulating S. marcescens swarming, the underlying molecular mechanisms are currently far from being understood. Serratia swarming is thermoregulated and is characterized by continuous surface migration on rich swarming agar surfaces at 30 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C. To further elucidate the mechanisms, identification of specific and conserved regulators that govern the initiation of swarming is essential. We performed transposon mutagenesis to screen for S. marcescens strain CH-1 mutants that swarmed at 37 degrees C. Analysis of a "precocious-swarming" mutant revealed that the defect in a conserved dapA(Sm)-nlpB(Sm) genetic locus which is closely related to the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan is responsible for the aberrant swarming phenotype. Further complementation and gene knockout studies showed that nlpB(Sm), which encodes a membrane lipoprotein, NlpB(Sm), but not dapA(Sm), is specifically involved in swarming regulation. On the other hand, dapA(Sm) but not nlpB(Sm) is responsible for the determination of cell envelope architecture, regulation of hemolysin production, and cellular attachment capability. While the nlpB(Sm) mutant showed similar cytotoxicity to its parent strain, the dapA(Sm) mutant significantly increased in cytotoxicity. We present evidence that DapA(Sm) is involved in the determination of cell-envelope-associated phenotypes and that NlpB(Sm) is involved in the regulation of swarming motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Chan-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wei JR, Tsai YH, Soo PC, Horng YT, Hsieh SC, Ho SW, Lai HC. Biochemical characterization of RssA-RssB, a two-component signal transduction system regulating swarming behavior in Serratia marcescens. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:5683-90. [PMID: 16077114 PMCID: PMC1196059 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.16.5683-5690.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study had identified a pair of potential two-component signal transduction proteins, RssA-RssB, involved in the regulation of Serratia marcescens swarming. When mutated, both rssA and rssB mutants showed precocious swarming phenotypes on LB swarming agar, whereby swarming not only occurred at 37 degrees C but also initiated on a surface of higher agar concentration and more rapidly than did the parent strain at 30 degrees C. In this study, we further show that the predicted sensor kinase RssA and the response regulator RssB bear characteristics of components of the phosphorelay signaling system. In vitro phosphorylation and site-directed mutagenesis assays showed that phosphorylated RssA transfers the phosphate group to RssB and that histidine 248 and aspartate 51 are essential amino acid residues involved in the phosphotransfer reactions in RssA and RssB, respectively. Accordingly, while wild-type rssA could, the mutated rssA(H248A) in trans could not complement the precocious swarming phenotype of the rssA mutant. Although RssA-RssB regulates expressions of shlA and ygfF of S. marcescens (ygfF(Sm)), in vitro DNA-binding assays showed that the phosphorylated RssB did not bind directly to the promoter regions of these two genes but bound to its own rssB promoter. Subsequent assays located the RssB binding site within a 63-bp rssB promoter DNA region and confirmed a direct negative autoregulation of the RssA-RssB signaling pathway. These results suggest that when activated, RssA-RssB acts as a negative regulator for controlling the initiation of S. marcescens swarming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Rong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1. Chang-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lai HC, Soo PC, Wei JR, Yi WC, Liaw SJ, Horng YT, Lin SM, Ho SW, Swift S, Williams P. The RssAB two-component signal transduction system in Serratia marcescens regulates swarming motility and cell envelope architecture in response to exogenous saturated fatty acids. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:3407-14. [PMID: 15866926 PMCID: PMC1112010 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.10.3407-3414.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Serratia marcescens swarms at 30 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C on a nutrient-rich (LB) agar surface. Mini-Tn5 mutagenesis of S. marcescens CH-1 yielded a mutant (WC100) that swarms not only vigorously at 37 degrees C but also earlier and faster than the parent strain swarms at 30 degrees C. Analysis of this mutant revealed that the transposon was inserted into a gene (rssA) predicted to encode a bacterial two-component signal transduction sensor kinase, upstream of which a potential response regulator gene (rssB) was located. rssA and rssB insertion-deletion mutants were constructed through homologous recombination, and the two mutants exhibited similar swarming phenotypes on LB swarming agar, in which swarming not only occurred at 37 degrees C but also initiated at a lower cell density, on a surface with a higher agar concentration, and more rapidly than the swarming of the parent strain at 30 degrees C. Both mutants also exhibited increased hemolysin activity and altered cell surface topologies compared with the parent CH-1 strain. Temperature and certain saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were found to negatively regulate S. marcescens swarming via the action of RssA-RssB. Analysis of the fatty acid profiles of the parent and the rssA and rssB mutants grown at 30 degrees C or 37 degrees C and under different nutrition conditions revealed a relationship between cellular fatty acid composition and swarming phenotypes. The cellular fatty acid profile was also observed to be affected by RssA and RssB. SFA-dependent inhibition of swarming was also observed in Proteus mirabilis, suggesting that either SFAs per se or the modulation of cellular fatty acid composition and hence homeostasis of membrane fluidity may be a conserved mechanism for regulating swarming motility in gram-negative bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chih Lai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Horng YT, Deng SC, Daykin M, Soo PC, Wei JR, Luh KT, Ho SW, Swift S, Lai HC, Williams P. The LuxR family protein SpnR functions as a negative regulator of N-acylhomoserine lactone-dependent quorum sensing in Serratia marcescens. Mol Microbiol 2002; 45:1655-71. [PMID: 12354232 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Serratia marcescens SS-1 produces at least four N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) which were identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry and chemical synthesis, as N-(3-oxohexanoyl) homo-serine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL), N-hexanoyl- (C6-HSL), N-heptanoyl (C7-HSL) and N-octanoyl- (C8-HSL) homoserine lactone. These AHLs are synthesized via the LuxI homologue SpnI, and regulate via the LuxR homologue SpnR, the production of the red pigment, prodigiosin, the nuclease, NucA, and a biosurfactant which facilitates surface translocation. spnR overexpression and spnR gene deletion show that SpnR, in contrast to most LuxR homologues, acts as a negative regulator. spnI overexpression, the provision of exogenous AHLs and spnI gene deletion suggest that SpnR is de-repressed by 3-oxo-C6-HSL. In addition, long chain AHLs antagonize the biosurfactant-mediated surface translocation of S. marcescens SS-1. Upstream of spnI there is a gene which we have termed spnT. spnI and spnT form an operon and although database searches failed to reveal any spnT homologues, overexpression of this novel gene negatively affected both sliding motility and prodigiosin production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tze Horng
- School and Graduate Institute of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ang S, Horng YT, Shu JC, Soo PC, Liu JH, Yi WC, Lai HC, Luh KT, Ho SW, Swift S. The role of RsmA in the regulation of swarming motility in Serratia marcescens. J Biomed Sci 2001; 8:160-9. [PMID: 11287746 DOI: 10.1007/bf02256408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Swarming motility is a multicellular phenomenon comprising population migration across surfaces by specially differentiated cells. In Serratia marcescens, a network exists in which the flhDC flagellar regulatory master operon, temperature, nutrient status, and quorum sensing all contribute to the regulation of swarming motility. In this study, the rsmA (repressor of secondary metabolites) gene (hereafter rsmA(Sm)) was cloned from S. marcescens. The presence of multicopy, plasmid-encoded rsmA(Sm) expressed from its native promoter in S. marcescens inhibits swarming. Synthesis of N-acylhomoserine lactones, presumably by the product of smaI (a luxI homolog isolated from S. marcescens), was also inhibited. Knockout of rsmA(Sm) on the S. marcescens chromosome shortens the time before swarming motility begins after inoculation to an agar surface. A single copy of the chromosomal PrsmA(Sm)::luxAB reporter of rsmA(Sm) transcription was constructed. Using this reporter, the roles of the flhDC flagellar regulatory master operon, temperature and autoregulation in the control of rsmA(Sm) expression were determined. Our findings indicate that RsmA(Sm) is a component of the complex regulatory network that controls swarming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ang
- School and Graduate Institute of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chan-Der Street, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ang S, Horng YT, Shu JC, Soo PC, Liu JH, Yi WC, Lai HC, Luh KT, Ho SW, Swift S. The Role of RsmA in the Regulation of Swarming Motility in Serratia marcescens. J Biomed Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1159/000054028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
37
|
Liu JH, Lai MJ, Ang S, Shu JC, Soo PC, Horng YT, Yi WC, Lai HC, Luh KT, Ho SW, Swift S. Role of flhDC in the expression of the nuclease gene nucA, cell division and flagellar synthesis in Serratia marcescens. J Biomed Sci 2000; 7:475-83. [PMID: 11060496 DOI: 10.1007/bf02253363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated in Serratia marcescens the functions of the flhDC operon, which controls motility and cell division in enteric bacteria. Included in our evaluations were investigation of cell division, flagellar synthesis and regulation of the expression of nuclease (encoded by the nucA(Sm) gene, one of the virulence factors). Interruption of the chromosomal flhDC operon in S. marcescens CH-1 resulted in aberrant cell division and loss of nuclease and flagella. Expression of nucA(Sm) and other mutated phenotypes was restored in the flhDC mutant by the induction of overexpression of flhDC in a multicopy plasmid. Multicopied flhDC also induced the formation of differentiated cells (polyploid aseptate cells with oversynthesis of peritrichous flagella) in broth culture using minimal growth medium. Expression of the flhDC operon showed positive autoregulation, and was growth phase dependent (upregulated in early log phase). In addition, flhDC expression was inhibited when the temperature increased from 30 to 37 degrees C, and when osmolarity was increased, but was not influenced by glucose catabolite repression. These results show that FlhD/FlhC is a multifunctional transcriptional activator involved in the process of cell differentiation, swarming and virulence factor expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Liu
- School and Graduate Institute of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu JH, Lai MJ, Ang S, Shu JC, Soo PC, Horng YT, Yi WC, Lai HC, Luh KT, Ho SW, Swift S. Role of flhDC in the Expression of the Nuclease Gene nucA, Cell Division and Flagellar Synthesis in Serratia marcescens. J Biomed Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1159/000025483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
39
|
Yi WC, Hsiao S, Liu JH, Soo PC, Horng YT, Tsai WC, Lai HC, Teng LJ, Hsueh PR, Hsieh RF, Luh KT, Ho SW. Use of fluorescein labelled antibody and fluorescence activated cell sorter for rapid identification of Mycobacterium species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 250:403-8. [PMID: 9753642 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescein labelled antibody (Ab)/Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS)-based assay was developed for detection of a wide range of mycobacterial species directly from bacterial culture and sputum specimens. The whole process could be completed within 3 hours and had a high specificity and sensitivity for cultured bacteria. The method was also shown to be applicable for direct identification from clinical specimens. This study showed that pretesting of clinical specimens for mycobacteria to the genus level with an antibody to Mycobacterium species offers the routine clinical laboratory a single convenient test for the detection of tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacteria. Depending on the availability of species-specific antibody, the identification of Mycobacterium to the species level can be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W C Yi
- School and Graduate Institute of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|