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Ureyen Ozdemir E, Buyuk GN, Erol Koc EM, Ipek G, Gurbuz Ozbebek U, Gurun MA, Hancerliogullari N. Gestational Diabetes and C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio in Pregnancy: A Prospective Study. Yonsei Med J 2024; 65:413-417. [PMID: 38910304 PMCID: PMC11199176 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) has been reported as a novel inflammatory marker to assess inflammation. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of CAR as a inflammatory marker in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non GDM patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight hundred ten pregnant women who applied to our hospital for routine antenatal screening were included in this prospective case-control study. The patients were divided into two groups, as positive and negative diagnosis of GDM. CAR between groups was compared as the primary outcome using statistical methods. RESULTS The CAR value was significantly higher in pregnancies with GDM compared to healthy controls [1.07 (0.43-1.89) vs. 0.37 (0.12-0.68), p<0.0001]. The Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the CAR value had a significant positive correlation with all three steps of 75 gr oral glucose tolerance test (p<0.0001 for each) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio value (p=0.011). CONCLUSION Considering that laboratory testing is very simple and inexpensive, CAR is an independent predictor that is clinically easy to use for the development of GDM. This report is the first to show the role of CAR in GDM. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to generalize this comment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Ureyen Ozdemir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gul Nihal Buyuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Esin Merve Erol Koc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Goksun Ipek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ulku Gurbuz Ozbebek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muslume Asli Gurun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Necati Hancerliogullari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Peng J, Zhang L, Zheng L, Mai Z, Song L, Liu Q, Bi J, Qin X, Fang Q, Chen G, Fan G, Liu G, Wang Y. Association between hemoglobin A1c trajectory during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes among non-gestational diabetic women. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02283-4. [PMID: 38733384 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have shown that higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels within the normal range during pregnancy can increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. However, the effects of the longitudinal HbA1c trajectory during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes among non-gestational diabetic women are poorly characterized. We aimed to identify HbA1c trajectory during pregnancy among non-gestational diabetic women and to estimate their associations with adverse birth outcomes. METHODS Data was extracted from the Information System of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, China, from January 2017 to July 2022. This study involved 13,979 women who did not have gestational diabetes mellitus and underwent repeated HbA1c measurements during pregnancy. Latent mixture modeling was used to identify HbA1c trajectory groups. Logistic regression was applied to explore the associations between HbA1c trajectory groups and adverse birth outcomes, including preterm delivery, low birth weight, macrosomia, small for gestational age, and large for gestational age (LGA). RESULTS Three HbA1c trajectory groups were identified: low-stable (range 4.0% [20 mmol/mol]-4.4% [25 mmol/mol]), moderate-stable (range 4.6% [27 mmol/mol]-5.1% [32 mmol/mol]), and elevated-increasing (range 5.0% [31 mmol/mol]-5.6% [38 mmol/mol]). Compared with the low-stable HbA1c group, the elevated-increasing group had a higher risk of preterm delivery and LGA. The adjusted OR (95% CIs) were 1.67 (1.13, 2.49) and 1.47 (1.01, 2.12) for preterm delivery and LGA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among non-gestational diabetic women, the elevated-increasing HbA1c trajectory group was associated with a higher risk of preterm delivery and LGA. This finding emphasizes the importance of maintaining optimal HbA1c levels throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Lijuan Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Zixia Mai
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiya Qin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guozhen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Gaojie Fan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Guocheng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Eleftheriou D, Athanasiadou KI, Sifnaios E, Vagiakis E, Katsaounou P, Psaltopoulou T, Paschou SA, Trakada G. Sleep disorders during pregnancy: an underestimated risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 2024; 83:41-50. [PMID: 37740834 PMCID: PMC10805805 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are highly prevalent during pregnancy and significantly affect women's health and quality of life. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications during pregnancy and constitutes a significant risk factor for both mother and fetus in the short and the long term. While the association between sleep disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is indisputable, it is not clear whether there is a link between sleep disorders and GDM. The aim of this article was to investigate the association between sleep disorders and GDM and whether the treatment of sleep disorders may prevent GDM development. Insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and narcolepsy were the most common sleep disorders identified during pregnancy and were related to poor sleep quality and short or prolonged sleep duration. They were all associated with an increased risk of GDM. The ideal sleep duration for pregnant women was determined at 8-9 h daily. In conclusion, sleep disorders constitute a risk factor for GDM. It is imperative that prospective studies be conducted to evaluate the effect of the early management of sleep disorders on GDM manifestation and control. Healthcare providers should highlight the importance of sufficient sleep to reinforce pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Eleftheriou
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kleoniki I Athanasiadou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Emmanouil Vagiakis
- Respiratory Department, First ICU Evangelismos Hospital Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Katsaounou
- Respiratory Department, First ICU Evangelismos Hospital Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgia Trakada
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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İşgüder ÇK, Arslan O, Gunkaya OS, Kanat-Pektas M, Tuğ N. Adolescent pregnancies in Turkey: a single center experience. Ann Saudi Med 2024; 44:11-17. [PMID: 38311869 PMCID: PMC10839457 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent pregnancies are more likely to be complicated with adverse perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE Assess the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adolescents who have delivered singleton newborns. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTINGS A tertiary training and research hospital in Turkey. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a review of adolescents and adults who delivered singleton newborns at a tertiary health center between January 2018 and June 2022. Pregnant adolescents were aged <20 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. SAMPLE SIZE 2233 pregnant women (754 adolescents and 1479 adults). RESULTS Turkish nationality was significantly less prevalent in pregnant adolescents than pregnant adults (P=.001). Oligohydramnios, fetal growth restriction, perineal injury and postpartum intravenous iron treatment were significantly more prevalent in pregnant adolescents than pregnant adults (P<.05 for all). The neonates born to adolescent mothers had significantly lower birth weight and first minute Apgar score than the neonates born to adult mothers (P=.001 for both). Small for gestational age, need for intensive care and death were significantly more prevalent in neonates born to adolescent mothers than those born to adult mothers (P=.001 for all). Compared with pregnant adults, pregnant adolescents had a significantly higher risk of oligohydramnios (P=.001), preterm delivery (P=.024), intravenous iron treatment (P=.001), and small for gestational age (P=.001). CONCLUSION Due to the refugee population received by Turkey, it would be prudent to expect more frequent adolescent pregnancies. Adolescent pregnancies are more likely to be complicated with low birth weight, oligohydramnios, preterm delivery, postpartum iron treatment, lower Apgar scores, need for neonatal intensive care and neonatal death. LIMITATION Retrospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Kunt İşgüder
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Arslan
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Samet Gunkaya
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Kanat-Pektas
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Ayfon, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Tuğ
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cakmak A, Kale İ, Muhcu M. Investigation of maternal serum hepassocin concentrations in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective case-control study. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:441-447. [PMID: 37369220 DOI: 10.1055/a-2096-6339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal serum hepassocin concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 pregnant women who applied to the Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between April 2022 and November 2022. The GDM group consisted of 44 pregnant women who had a 75-g OGTT between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy and were diagnosed with GDM. The control group consisted of 44 healthy pregnant women who were matched with the GDM group in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) and had a normal 75-g OGTT result. Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and perinatal outcomes were noted. Two groups were compared in terms of maternal serum hepassocin concentrations. RESULTS Both groups were similar in terms of age, BMI, weight gain, gravida, parity, polycystic ovary syndrome history, history of diabetes mellitus in the family, and the gestational week at blood sampling for hepassocin (p>0.05 for each). The median maternal serum hepassocin concentration was found to be 18.21 ng/ml in the GDM group, while it was determined as 13.05 ng/ml in the non-GDM group (p=0.012). The GDM group was divided into two groups: the group that only dieted until birth and the group that used insulin until birth for blood glucose regulation. The median hepassocin concentration was found to be 17.99 ng/ml in the diet-only GDM group and 32.15 ng/ml in the insulin-using GDM group. ROC analysis was performed to determine the value of maternal serum hepassocin concentration in predicting GDM. AUC analysis of maternal serum hepassocin for estimation of GDM was 0.656 (p=0.012, 95% CI=0.53-0.77). The optimal threshold value for maternal serum hepassocin concentration was determined as 14.13 ng/ml with 61.4% sensitivity and 61.4% specificity. CONCLUSION Serum hepassocin concentration evaluated between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation was found to be higher in pregnant women with GDM than in the non-GDM group. The highest serum hepassocin concentration was found in the GDM group using insulin for blood glucose regulation. Hepassocin seems to be a promising molecule that can be used in GDM screening in pregnant women who do not want to have an OGTT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Cakmak
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kale
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Muhcu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang Y, Song M, Qi BR. Effects of insulin aspart and metformin on gestational diabetes mellitus and inflammatory markers. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1532-1540. [PMID: 37970132 PMCID: PMC10642422 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to hyperglycemia caused by insulin resistance or insufficient insulin secretion during pregnancy. Patients with GDM have a high risk of pregnancy complications, which can adversely affect both maternal and fetal health. Therefore, early diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of GDM are essential. In recent years, a new treatment scheme represented by insulin aspart combined with metformin has received increasing attention. AIM To explore the effects of insulin aspart combined with metformin on patients with GDM and inflammatory markers. METHODS From April 2020 to September 2022, 124 patients with GDM in Sanya Women and Children's Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children's Medical Center were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The control group (CG) comprised 62 patients treated with insulin aspart alone, and 62 patients treated with insulin aspart and metformin formed the observation group (OG). Before and after treatment, improvement of blood-glucose-related indexes [fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial glucose (2h PG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)], serum related factor [serum homocysteine (Hcy)], serum inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were compared between the two groups. The clinical efficacy, adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of pregnancy complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS After treatment, the levels of FBG, 2h PG, HbA1c, Hcy, TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in both groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the levels of FBG, 2h PG, HbA1c, Hcy, TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in the OG were lower than in the CG (P < 0.05). The total clinical effectiveness in the OG was higher than that in the CG (P < 0.05). The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and complications in the OG was significantly lower than in the CG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Insulin aspart combined with metformin are effective for treatment of GDM, which can reduce blood-glucose-related indexes, Hcy and serum inflammatory cytokines, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Sanya 572099, Hainan Province, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Sanya 572099, Hainan Province, China
| | - Bang-Ruo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Sanya 572099, Hainan Province, China
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Chen YJ, Lin LZ, Liu ZY, Wang X, Karatela S, Wang YX, Peng SS, Jiang BB, Li XX, Liu N, Jing J, Cai L. Association between maternal gestational diabetes and allergic diseases in offspring: a birth cohort study. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:972-982. [PMID: 37029331 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have linked gestational diabetes (GDM) with allergies in offspring. However, the effect of specific glucose metabolism metrics was not well characterized, and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a modifier of metabolism and the immune system, was understudied. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal GDM and allergic diseases in children and the interaction between glucose metabolism and PUFAs on allergic outcomes. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 706 mother-child dyads from Guangzhou, China. Maternal GDM was diagnosed via a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and dietary PUFAs were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Allergic disease diagnoses and the age of onset were obtained from medical records of children within three years old. RESULTS Approximately 19.4% of women had GDM, and 51.3% of children had any allergic diseases. GDM was positively associated with any allergic diseases (hazard ratio [HR] 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.88) and eczema (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.02-1.97). A unit increase in OGTT after two hours (OGTT-2 h) glucose was associated with an 11% (95% CI 2%-21%) higher risk of any allergic diseases and a 17% (95% CI 1-36%) higher risk of food allergy. The positive associations between OGTT-2 h glucose and any allergic diseases were strengthened with decreased dietary a-linolenic acid (ALA) and increased n-6 PUFAs, linoleic acid (LA), LA/ALA ratio, and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GDM was adversely associated with early-life allergic diseases, especially eczema. We were the first to identify OGTT-2 h glucose to be more sensitive in inducing allergy risk and that dietary PUFAs might modify the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shamshad Karatela
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Yu-Xuan Wang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Peng
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Bo Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Abouzaid M, Howidi N, Badran Z, Mohammed G, Mousa NA. The potential role of the gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers in the prediction of pregnancy complications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1168625. [PMID: 37342498 PMCID: PMC10277493 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1168625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Early and minimally invasive methods are required to predict the risk of multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes. A potential technique with growing interest utilizes the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), a physiological serum exudate found in the healthy gingival sulcus and in the periodontal pocket in inflammatory conditions. Analysis of biomarkers in the GCF is a minimally invasive method that can be feasible and cost-effective. The potential use of GCF biomarkers along with other clinical indicators in early pregnancy may provide reliable predictors of several adverse pregnancy outcomes, therefore, reducing both maternal and fetal morbidities. Various studies have reported that increased or decreased concentrations of different biomarkers in GCF are associated with a high risk of developing pregnancy complications. In particular, such associations have been commonly demonstrated with gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and pre-term birth. However, limited evidence is available regarding other pregnancy complications such as preterm premature rupture of membranes, recurrent miscarriage, small for gestational age, and hyperemesis gravidarum. In this review, we discuss the reported association between individual GCF biomarkers and common pregnancy complications. Future research is required to provide more solid evidence of the predictive value of those biomarkers in estimating women's risk for each disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abouzaid
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nourhan Howidi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahi Badran
- Periodontology Unit, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha A. Mousa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Cao D, Wang Y. Study on the Regulation of Trophoblast Activity by Abnormally Expressed lncRNA CCDC144NL-AS1 in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:432-438. [PMID: 37295416 DOI: 10.1055/a-2085-6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication in pregnant women. The growth and differentiation of trophoblast cells determine the function of the placenta, and therefore further affect the transport of nutrients to the fetus. lncRNA Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 144 N-Terminal-Like antisense1 (CCDC144NL-AS1) was reported to be abnormally expressed in GDM, but its function and mechanism remain undefined. This study aimed to reveal the expression of CCDC144NL-AS1 in GDM and evaluate its significance in disease development. The expression of CCDC144NL-AS1 in serum and placenta tissues of GDM patients and healthy pregnant women was evaluated using PCR. The effect of CCDC144NL-AS1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast cells was evaluated with CCK8 and Transwell assay. The mechanism of the interaction between CCDC144NL-AS1 and miR-143-3p was assessed by luciferase reporter assay and cell transfection. CCDC144NL-AS1 was upregulated in GDM patients, which discriminated GDM patients from healthy pregnant women with high sensitivity and specificity and was positively correlated with the insulin resistance indexes. In trophoblast cells, high glucose exposure induced increased CCDC144NL-AS1 and suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Silencing CCDC144NL-AS1 could alleviate the inhibitory effect of high glucose, while the knockdown of miR-143-3p reversed the effect of CCDC144NL-AS1. In conclusion, upregulated CCDC144NL-AS1 served as a diagnostic biomarker of GDM and regulated the development of trophoblast cells via negatively modulating miR-143-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
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Zhou X, Li C, Cheng H, Xie J, Li F, Wang L, Ding R. Association between ambient air pollution exposure during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68615-68635. [PMID: 35543789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have evaluated the association between air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the findings were inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to provide higher grade evidence on the association of air pollution with GDM based on previous studies. PubMed, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang) were searched comprehensively up to September 2021. Totally, 20 eligible cohort studies were finally included, for which the pooled RR and 95% CIs were estimated. Stratified analyses by study regions and units of pollutant increase were conducted for further investigation. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to assess the robustness. The finding showed that PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 exposure increased the risk of GDM, while O3 exposure reduced GDM risk. Specifically, PM2.5 exposure in the first and second trimesters, NO2 and SO2 exposure in the first trimester significantly increased the risk of GDM, with the RR ranging from 1.015 to 1.032. In addition, the elevation of GDM risk induced by PM2.5, PM10, and O3 exposure was more pronounced in Asian subjects than in American subjects. The meta-analysis provides high-quality evidence on the effect of maternal air pollution exposure on GDM in each exposure period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Changlian Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Han Cheng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Junyi Xie
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Li
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lishan Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Wang YH, Zhou HH, Nie Z, Tan J, Yang Z, Zou S, Zhang Z, Zou Y. Lifestyle intervention during pregnancy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962151. [PMID: 35978965 PMCID: PMC9376328 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Neonatal hypoglycemia is a severe adverse consequence of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which can lead to neonatal mortality, permanent neurological consequences, and epilepsy. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to explore the effect of lifestyle intervention during pregnancy in women with GDM on the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched by 1st April 2022. Data were pooled as the risk ratio (RR) with 95% CIs of neonatal hypoglycemia. Random-effects, subgroup analyses, meta-regression analysis, and leave-one-out analysis were conducted, involving 18 RCTs. Results Prenatal lifestyle intervention could significantly reduce the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia (RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54–0.98, P = 0.037). Subgroup analysis further demonstrated that the reduced risk of neonatal hypoglycemia was observed only when subjects were younger than 30 years, initiated before the third trimester, and with dietary intervention. Meta-regression analysis revealed that the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia post lifestyle intervention was lower in mothers with lower fasting glucose levels at trial entry. Conclusion We found that prenatal lifestyle intervention in women with GDM significantly reduced the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. Only lifestyle intervention before the third trimester of pregnancy, or dietary intervention only could effectively reduce the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. Future studies are required to explore the best pattern of lifestyle intervention and to determine the proper diagnostic criteria of GDM in the first/second trimester of pregnancy. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021272985.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hai Wang
- School of Arts and Physical Education, Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Nie
- School of Arts and Physical Education, Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingwang Tan
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zicheng Yang
- School of Arts and Physical Education, Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shengliang Zou
- School of Arts and Physical Education, Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Di Filippo D, Bell C, Chang MHY, Darling J, Henry A, Welsh A. Development and evaluation of an online questionnaire to identify women at high and low risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:321. [PMID: 35421942 PMCID: PMC9009497 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Established risk factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) include age, ethnicity, family history of diabetes and previous GDM. Additional significant influences have recently been demonstrated in the literature. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) used for GDM diagnosis has sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity, thus often results in GDM misdiagnoses. Comprehensive screening of risk factors may allow more targeted monitoring and more accurate diagnoses, preventing the devastating consequences of untreated or misdiagnosed GDM. We aimed to develop a comprehensive online questionnaire of GDM risk factors and triangulate it with the OGTT and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) parameters to better evaluate GDM risk and diagnosis. METHODS Pregnant women participating in two studies on the use of CGM for GDM were invited to complete the online questionnaire. A risk score, based on published literature, was calculated for each participant response and compared with the OGTT result. A total risk score (TRS) was then calculated as a normalised sum of all risk factors. Triangulation of OGTT, TRS and CGM score of variability (CGMSV) was analysed to expand evaluation of OGTT results. RESULTS Fifty one women completed the questionnaire; 29 were identified as 'high-risk' for GDM. High-risk ethnic background (p < 0.01), advanced age, a family diabetic history (p < 0.05) were associated with a positive OGTT result. The triangulation analysis (n = 45) revealed six (13%) probable misdiagnoses (both TRS and CGMSV discordant with OGTT), consisting of one probable false positive and five probable false negative by OGTT results. CONCLUSIONS This study identified pregnant women at high risk of developing GDM based on an extended evaluation of risk factors. Triangulation of TRS, OGTT and CGMSV suggested potential misdiagnoses of the OGTT. Future studies to explore the correlation between TRS, CGMSV and pregnancy outcomes as well as additional GDM pregnancy biomarkers and outcomes to efficiently evaluate OGTT results are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Di Filippo
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chloe Bell
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa Han Yiin Chang
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justine Darling
- Diabetes Clinic, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Henry
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alec Welsh
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Royal Hospital for Women, Locked Bag 2000, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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Valias GR, Gomes PRL, Amaral FG, Alnuaimi S, Monteiro D, O'Sullivan S, Zangaro R, Cipolla-Neto J, Acuna J, Baltatu OC, Campos LA. Urinary Angiotensinogen-Melatonin Ratio in Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:800638. [PMID: 35309508 PMCID: PMC8924406 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.800638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A large research portfolio indicates that an activated renal renin-angiotensin system or a deficit on melatonin is associated with several cardiovascular pathologies. In this observational clinical study, we hypothesized that alterations in urinary melatonin or angiotensinogen levels may be altered in two common conditions, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. Our study’s primary objective was to assess melatonin and angiotensinogen as novel disease biomarkers detectable and quantifiable in the urine of pregnant women with or without pregnancy complications. Methods: This was a concurrent cohort study of pregnant women with selected obstetric pathologies (gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension and obesity with hypertension). A group of healthy controls was also included. Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and angiotensinogen were measured by sensitive and specific ELISAs in first morning void urine samples. The patients were included in the cohort consecutively, and the diagnosis was blinded at the level of urine collection. Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and angiotensinogen levels were investigated in the patients included in the cohort. Results: Urinary levels of angiotensinogen were significantly higher in the gestational diabetes [angiotensinogen/creatinine ratio median (25th, 75th): 0.11 (0.07, 0.18)] and preeclampsia [0.08 (0.06, 0.18)] groups than in those with healthy pregnancy [0.05(0.04, 0.06]; 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels were significantly lower in the gestational diabetes [ug/h: median (25th, 75th): 0.12(0.08, 0.17)] and preeclampsia [0.12 (0.09, 0.15)] groups than in those with healthy pregnancy [0.20 (0.15, 0.27]. Neither morning void protein/creatinine ratio nor 24-h urine protein estimate were significantly different between the study groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that urinary angiotensinogen levels may indicate an intrarenal RAS activation while melatonin production appears to be defective in gestational diabetes or hypertension. An angiotensinogen/melatonin ratio is suggested as an early biomarker for identification of gestational diabetes or hypertension. This report provides a basis for the potential use of melatonin for the treatment of preeclampsia. A prospective study in a larger number of patients to determine the operative characteristics of these markers as potential diagnostic tests is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ribeiro Valias
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Anhembi Morumbi University–Anima Institute, Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda G. Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saif Alnuaimi
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daniela Monteiro
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Anhembi Morumbi University–Anima Institute, Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Siobhán O'Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Renato Zangaro
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Anhembi Morumbi University–Anima Institute, Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Acuna
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Anhembi Morumbi University–Anima Institute, Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu, ; Luciana Aparecida Campos,
| | - Luciana Aparecida Campos
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Anhembi Morumbi University–Anima Institute, Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu, ; Luciana Aparecida Campos,
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Di Filippo D, Wanniarachchi T, Wei D, Yang JJ, Mc Sweeney A, Havard A, Henry A, Welsh A. The diagnostic indicators of gestational diabetes mellitus from second trimester to birth: a systematic review. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 7:19. [PMID: 34635186 PMCID: PMC8504031 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-021-00126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is glucose intolerance first recognised during pregnancy. Both modalities and thresholds of the GDM diagnostic test, the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), have varied widely over time and among countries. Additionally, OGTT limitations include inconsistency, poor patient tolerability, and questionable diagnostic reliability. Many biological parameters have been reported to be modified by GDM and could potentially be used as diagnostic indicators. This study aimed to 1) systematically explore biomarkers reported in the literature as differentiating GDM from healthy pregnancies 2) screen those indicators assessed against OGTT to propose OGTT alternatives. MAIN BODY A systematic review of GDM diagnostic indicators was performed according to PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration CRD42020145499). Inclusion criteria were full-text, comprehensible English-language articles published January 2009-January 2021, where a biomarker (from blood, ultrasound, amniotic fluid, placenta) was compared between GDM and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) women from the second trimester onward to immediately postpartum. GDM diagnostic method had to be clearly specified, and the number of patients per study higher than 30 in total or 15 per group. Results were synthesised by biomarkers. RESULTS Of 13,133 studies identified in initial screening, 174 studies (135,801 participants) were included. One hundred and twenty-nine studies described blood analytes, one amniotic fluid analytes, 27 ultrasound features, 17 post-natal features. Among the biomarkers evaluated in exploratory studies, Adiponectin, AFABP, Betatrophin, CRP, Cystatin-C, Delta-Neutrophil Index, GGT, TNF-A were those demonstrating statistically and clinically significant differences in substantial cohorts of patients (> 500). Regarding biomarkers assessed versus OGTT (i.e. potential OGTT alternatives) most promising were Leptin > 48.5 ng/ml, Ficolin3/adiponectin ratio ≥ 1.06, Chemerin/FABP > 0.71, and Ultrasound Gestational Diabetes Score > 4. These all demonstrated sensitivity and specificity > 80% in adequate sample sizes (> / = 100). CONCLUSIONS Numerous biomarkers may differentiate GDM from normoglycaemic pregnancy. Given the limitations of the OGTT and the lack of a gold standard for GDM diagnosis, advanced phase studies are needed to triangulate the most promising biomarkers. Further studies are also recommended to assess the sensitivity and specificity of promising biomarkers not yet assessed against OGTT. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42020145499.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Di Filippo
- School, of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Daniel Wei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aoife Mc Sweeney
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alys Havard
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre - Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health - Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Henry
- School, of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alec Welsh
- School, of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Royal Hospital for Women, Locked Bag 2000, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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A Glimpse at the Size of the Fetal Liver-Is It Connected with the Evolution of Gestational Diabetes? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157866. [PMID: 34360631 PMCID: PMC8346004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as an impairment of glucose tolerance, manifested by hyperglycemia, which occurs at any stage of pregnancy. GDM is more common in the third trimester of pregnancy and usually disappears after birth. It was hypothesized that the glycemic status of the mother can modulate liver development and growth early during the pregnancy. The simplest modality to monitor the evolution of GDM employs noninvasive techniques. In this category, routinely obstetrical ultrasound (OUS) examinations (simple or 2D/3D) can be employed for specific fetal measurements, such as fetal liver length (FLL) or volume (FLV). FLL and FLV may emerge as possible predictors of GDM as they positively relate to the maternal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and to the results of the oral glucose tolerance test. The aim of this review is to offer insight into the relationship between GDM and fetal nutritional status. Risk factors for GDM and the short- and long-term outcomes of GDM pregnancies are also discussed, as well as the significance of different dietary patterns. Moreover, the review aims to fill one gap in the literature, investigating whether fetal liver growth can be used as a predictor of GDM evolution. To conclude, although studies pointed out a connection between fetal indices and GDM as useful tools in the early detection of GDM (before 23 weeks of gestation), additional research is needed to properly manage GDM and offspring health.
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Eldem S, Oskovi-Kaplan ZA, Engin-Ustun Y, Yilmaz C, Caglar AT, Ozgu-Erdinc AS. Different pre-analytical techniques and the results of 50 g oral glucose challenge tests. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13481. [PMID: 33350460 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyse the pre-analytical process and its effect of 50 g of oral glucose challenge test results for screening gestational diabetes mellitus. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The 50 g oral glucose challenge test was performed to 30 pregnant women, and the blood was collected as two samples for three tubes containing; serum separating jell (SSJ), sodium fluoride-potassium oxalate (NaF - KOx) and sodium citrate-containing tube. The first samples of the three tubes were centrifuged within 30 minutes, and second samples were centrifuged after 60 minutes and were analysed. One sample in SSJ tube and was analysed in the same day according to hospitals routine practice. The results were compared. RESULTS Among the 30 samples, the mean decrease in glucose levels was highest in the SSJ tube (0.38 mmol/L), followed by 0.16 mmol/L in Na citrate tube and 0.14 mmol/L in NaF-KOx tube. The hospital routine assessment with SSJ was 6.36 ± 1.90 mmol/L. The <30 and >60 minutes glucose results were 6.80 ± 1.88 mmol/L vs 6.42 ± 1.97 mmol/L for SSJ, 5.95 ± 1.60 mmol/L vs 5.78 ± 1.51 mmol/L for Na Citrate and 6.90 ± 1.86 mmol/L vs 6.75 ± 1.90 mmol/L for NaF-KOx mg/dL groups, respectively, and both the changes within time and the results between the tubes showed a statistically significant difference (P < .001). CONCLUSION In cases with longer assessment time and with different blood sample tubes, the clinician should also keep in mind that, especially with results under but close to the cut-off levels, an underdiagnosed gestational diabetes might be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Eldem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z Asli Oskovi-Kaplan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Engin-Ustun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Yilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemisty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Turhan Caglar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Seval Ozgu-Erdinc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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TURSUN S, YERAL İ, YILDIZ V, ÜNAL E, GUZOGLU N, ALİEFENDİOĞLU D. A key challenge in gestational diabetes screening: resistance to oral glucose tolerance test screening and implications for neonatal health. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.894842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Panaitescu AM, Ciobanu AM, Popa M, Duta I, Gica N, Peltecu G, Veduta A. Screening for Gestational Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Current Recommendations and Their Consequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57040381. [PMID: 33920937 PMCID: PMC8071285 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is recognized as one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy that can lead to significant short-term and long-term risks for the mother and the fetus if not detected early and treated appropriately. Current evidence suggests that, with the use of appropriate screening programs for GDM, those women diagnosed and treated have reduced perinatal morbidity. It has been implied that, when screening for GDM, there should be uniformity in the testing used and in further management. This paper summarizes and compares current screening strategies proposed by international bodies and discusses application in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Maria Panaitescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-2318-8930
| | - Anca Marina Ciobanu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Popa
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Irina Duta
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Southend University Hospital, Essex SS0 0RYUK, UK;
| | - Nicolae Gica
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Gheorghe Peltecu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Alina Veduta
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (A.V.)
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Qi X, Xing Y, Wang X. Blockade of CCL2/CCR2 Signaling Pathway Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Attenuates Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Genetic Mice Model. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:56-62. [PMID: 33022739 DOI: 10.1055/a-1250-8221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and its receptor CCR2 are involved in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study aims to explore the effects of CCL2 blocking on GDM. Serum CCL2, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined in GDM patients and healthy volunteers. C57BL/KsJdb/+mouse was used as the GDM model and CCL2 antibody (αCCL2) was applied. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the frequency of macrophages. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot were determined to detect the mRNA and protein expressions, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokines and serum insulin. Serum CCL2 was correlated with inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in the GDM patients. Besides, the results showed high expressions of CCL2 in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and placenta tissue in the GDM mice. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining showed the accumulations of macrophages in these tissues. Treatment of αCCL2 attenuated the GDM symptoms and ameliorated the inflammation. Furthermore, the treatment of αCCL2 improved reproductive outcomes in the GDM mice. Blockade of CCL2 attenuated GDM symptoms and reduced inflammatory cytokines in a genetic mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Qi
- The Second Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yanping Xing
- The Second Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- The Second Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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