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Dai XF, Yang YX, Yang BZ. Glycosylation editing: an innovative therapeutic opportunity in precision oncology. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05033-w. [PMID: 38861100 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05033-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the most arduous challenges in the human society, even though humans have found many ways to try to conquer it. With our incremental understandings on the impact of sugar on human health, the clinical relevance of glycosylation has attracted our attention. The fact that altered glycosylation profiles reflect and define different health statuses provide novel opportunities for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. By reviewing the mechanisms and critical enzymes involved in protein, lipid and glycosylation, as well as current use of glycosylation for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics, we identify the pivotal connection between glycosylation and cellular redox status and, correspondingly, propose the use of redox modulatory tools such as cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in cancer control via glycosylation editing. This paper interrogates the clinical relevance of glycosylation on cancer and has the promise to provide new ideas for laboratory practice of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and precision oncology therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Dai
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Xuan Yang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Zhi Yang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
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2
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Thekke Veettil K, Jayaraman N. Lymph Node Targeting Mediated by Albumin Hitchhiking of Synthetic Tn Glycolipid Leads to Robust In Vivo Antibody Production. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304664. [PMID: 38533876 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Tn antigen is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, which is present prominently on the tumor cell surfaces and attracts an interest in vaccine development. This work demonstrates that a synthetic Tn antigen carrying glycoconjugate forms a complex with circulating albumin, delivers the antigen to lymph nodes (LNs), and leads to the efficient production of antibodies against the antigen. Synthetic Tn antigen glycoconjugate, possessing DSPE-PEG2000 linker and lipophilic moieties, undergoes micellization in PBS buffer. In the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA), demicellization of the glycolipid occurs, with a rate constant of 0.18 min-1. In vitro studies show that the glycoconjugate binds preferentially to BSA in the presence of cells. Immunological assessments in mice models reveal the albumin-enabled delivery of the Tn glycoconjugate to antigen-presenting cells in the LNs, specifically leading to a robust humoral immune response. ELISA titers show superior binding, with a saturation dilution of 1:51 200 for Tn glycoconjugate, in comparison to that mediated by the Tn-BSA covalent conjugate with a saturation dilution of 1:6400. Immunohistochemical staining shows delivery of Tn glycoconjugate at the LNs, specifically at the subcapsular sinus and interfollicular areas. The work highlights the potential of albumin-mediated target delivery strategy for cancer immunotherapies.
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3
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Banerjee S, Ansari AA, Upadhyay SP, Mettman DJ, Hibdon JR, Quadir M, Ghosh P, Kambhampati A, Banerjee SK. Benefits and Pitfalls of a Glycosylation Inhibitor Tunicamycin in the Therapeutic Implication of Cancers. Cells 2024; 13:395. [PMID: 38474359 PMCID: PMC10930662 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer progression and chemoresistance. It is also an immune therapeutic target for various cancers. Tunicamycin (TM) is one of the potent nucleoside antibiotics and an inhibitor of aberrant glycosylation in various cancer cells, including breast cancer, gastric cancer, and pancreatic cancer, parallel with the inhibition of cancer cell growth and progression of tumors. Like chemotherapies such as doxorubicin (DOX), 5'fluorouracil, etoposide, and cisplatin, TM induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) by blocking aberrant glycosylation. Consequently, stress is induced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that promotes apoptosis. TM can thus be considered a potent antitumor drug in various cancers and may promote chemosensitivity. However, its lack of cell-type-specific cytotoxicity impedes its anticancer efficacy. In this review, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of the benefits and pitfalls of TM therapies in various cancers, including breast, colon, and pancreatic cancers, and discuss the mechanisms identified by which TM functions. Finally, we discuss the potential use of nano-based drug delivery systems to overcome non-specific toxicity and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of TM as a targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Affan A. Ansari
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Sunil P. Upadhyay
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Daniel J. Mettman
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Pathology Department, City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Jamie R. Hibdon
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Mohiuddin Quadir
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA; (M.Q.); (P.G.)
| | - Pratyusha Ghosh
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA; (M.Q.); (P.G.)
| | - Anjali Kambhampati
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Sushanta K. Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.A.A.); (S.P.U.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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4
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Rashidijahanabad Z, Ramadan S, O'Brien NA, Nakisa A, Lang S, Crawford H, Gildersleeve JC, Huang X. Stereoselective Synthesis of Sialyl Lewis a Antigen and the Effective Anticancer Activity of Its Bacteriophage Qβ Conjugate as an Anticancer Vaccine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309744. [PMID: 37781858 PMCID: PMC10842512 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Sialyl Lewisa (sLea ), also known as cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen. The overexpression of sLea on the surface of a variety of cancer cells makes it an attractive target for anticancer immunotherapy. However, sLea -based anticancer vaccines have been under-explored. To develop a new vaccine, efficient stereoselective synthesis of sLea with an amine-bearing linker was achieved, which was subsequently conjugated with a powerful carrier bacteriophage, Qβ. Mouse immunization with the Qβ-sLea conjugate generated strong and long-lasting anti-sLea IgG antibody responses, which were superior to those induced by the corresponding conjugate of sLea with the benchmark carrier keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Antibodies elicited by Qβ-sLea were highly selective toward the sLea structure, could bind strongly with sLea -expressing cancer cells and human pancreatic cancer tissues, and kill tumor cells through complement-mediated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, vaccination with Qβ-sLea significantly reduced tumor development in a metastatic cancer model in mice, demonstrating tumor protection for the first time by a sLea -based vaccine, thus highlighting the significant potential of sLea as a promising cancer antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rashidijahanabad
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sherif Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 13518, Benha, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Nicholas A O'Brien
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA
| | - Athar Nakisa
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Shuyao Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Howard Crawford
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Rodrigues Reis CE, Milessi TS, Ramos MDN, Singh AK, Mohanakrishna G, Aminabhavi TM, Kumar PS, Chandel AK. Lignocellulosic biomass-based glycoconjugates for diverse biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108209. [PMID: 37467868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are the ubiquitous components of mammalian cells, mainly synthesized by covalent bonds of carbohydrates to other biomolecules such as proteins and lipids, with a wide range of potential applications in novel vaccines, therapeutic peptides and antibodies (Ab). Considering the emerging developments in glycoscience, renewable production of glycoconjugates is of importance and lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a potential source of carbohydrates to produce synthetic glycoconjugates in a sustainable pathway. In this review, recent advances in glycobiology aiming on glycoconjugates production is presented together with the recent and cutting-edge advances in the therapeutic properties and application of glycoconjugates, including therapeutic glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and nutraceuticals, emphasizing the integral role of glycosylation in their function and efficacy. Special emphasis is given towards the potential exploration of carbon neutral feedstocks, in which LCB has an emerging role. Techniques for extraction and recovery of mono- and oligosaccharides from LCB are critically discussed and influence of the heterogeneous nature of the feedstocks and different methods for recovery of these sugars in the development of the customized glycoconjugates is explored. Although reports on the use of LCB for the production of glycoconjugates are scarce, this review sets clear that the potential of LCB as a source for the production of valuable glycoconjugates cannot be underestimated and encourages that future research should focus on refining the existing methodologies and exploring new approaches to fully realize the potential of LCB in glycoconjugate production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Suzane Milessi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (PPGEQ-UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio Daniel Nicodemos Ramos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580 031, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580 031, India.
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Anuj K Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo 12602-810, Brazil.
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Dogan O. Are ABO/Rh blood groups A risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome? Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34944. [PMID: 37682192 PMCID: PMC10489203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study goaled to evaluate the ABO/Rh blood group distribution and its relationship with clinical and biochemical factors in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. ABO/Rh blood group distribution of the patients and the healthy individuals were compared. In addition, the features of clinical and biochemical factors were compared according to the ABO/Rh blood groups. Two hundred and sixty-five patients were involved in the study. At the time of diagnosis, hirsutism (86%) and oligomenorrhea (80.9%) were the most prevalent symptoms. There were 166 (62.6%) patients with baseline ultrasonography results consistent with PCOS. In 111 (41.9%) patients, insulin resistance was found. ABO blood group distributions in the patient (42.6% A, 17% B, 9.4% AB, 30.9% O) and control (42% A, 16% B, 8% AB, 34% O) groups were found to be similar (P = .9). There was no difference between oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, hair loss, acne, obesity, high androgen level, insulin resistance, and ultrasound characteristics according to ABO/Rh blood groups. In this study, ABO/Rh blood group distribution in individuals with PCOS was found to be similar to healthy individuals, and it was determined that ABO/Rh blood group was not a risk factor for PCOS. In addition, no correlation was found between the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the patients at the time of diagnosis and the ABO/Rh blood group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Dogan
- Health Sciences University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Dogan O. Evaluation of ABO/Rh blood group distributions in papillary thyroid cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34564. [PMID: 37565904 PMCID: PMC10419498 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the ABO/Rh blood group distributions and their relationship with clinical-pathological features in papillary thyroid cancer patients. It was planned as a retrospective case-controlled study. The blood group distributions of the patients were contrasted with that of the general population. Additionally, the association between clinical-pathological variables and blood group distribution was assessed. Two hundred and ninety-three patients were involved in the study. The median age was 48 years, and the majority of patients were female (84.3%). The most common variants of papillary thyroid cancer were follicular, classical, and oncocytic. The majority of the patients had stage 1 (91.1%) disease at the time of diagnosis. ABO blood group distributions in the patient (47.4% A, 11.9% B, 8.2% AB, 32.4% O) and control (42% A, 16% B, 8% AB, 34% O) groups were found to be similar ( P = .8). In terms of Rh factor, there was a comparable distribution for the characteristics of the patient and healthy control group ( P = .6). There was no association between clinical and pathological variables and blood group distributions (gender, age, tumor stage, tumor location, and pathological tumor variant). Comparing patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma to the healthy control group, the prevalence of the A blood group numerically increased while the prevalence of the B blood group numerically decreased, but it was not statistically significant. In addition, ABO/Rh blood type and clinical and pathological variables did not relate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Dogan
- Health Sciences University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tomisch J, Busse V, Rosato F, Makshakova ON, Salavei P, Kittel AS, Gillon E, Lataster L, Imberty A, Meléndez AV, Römer W. A Shiga Toxin B-Subunit-Based Lectibody Boosts T Cell Cytotoxicity towards Gb3-Positive Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1896. [PMID: 37508560 PMCID: PMC10378424 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation plays a crucial role in tumour progression and invasiveness. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) represent a valuable set of targets for immunotherapeutic approaches. The poor immunogenicity of glycan structures, however, requires a more effective and well-directed way of targeting TACAs on the surface of cancer cells than antibodies. The glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) is a well-established TACA present in a multitude of cancer types. Its overexpression has been linked to metastasis, invasiveness, and multidrug resistance. In the present study, we propose to use a dimeric fragment of the Shiga toxin B-subunit (StxB) to selectively target Gb3-positive cancer cells in a StxB-scFv UCHT1 lectibody. The lectibody, comprised of a lectin and the UCHT1 antibody fragment, was produced in E. coli and purified via Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Specificity of the lectibody towards Gb3-positive cancer cell lines and specificity towards the CD3 receptor on T cells, was assessed using flow cytometry. We evaluated the efficacy of the lectibody in redirecting T cell cytotoxicity towards Gb3-overexpressing cancer cells in luciferase-based cytotoxicity in vitro assays. The StxB-scFv UCHT1 lectibody has proven specific for Gb3 and could induce the killing of up to 80% of Gb3-overexpressing cancer cells in haemorrhagic and solid tumours. The lectibody developed in this study, therefore, highlights the potential that lectibodies and lectins in general have for usage in immunotherapeutic approaches to boost the efficacy of established cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tomisch
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Busse
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Rosato
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olga N Makshakova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Kazan Institute for Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Salavei
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Core Facility Signalling Factory & Robotics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophia Kittel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emilie Gillon
- CNRS, CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Levin Lataster
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- CNRS, CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ana Valeria Meléndez
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Matsumoto Y, Ju T. Aberrant Glycosylation as Immune Therapeutic Targets for Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3536. [PMID: 37509200 PMCID: PMC10377354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation occurs at all major types of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and RNAs to form glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycoRNAs in mammalian cells, respectively. The carbohydrate moiety, known as glycans on glycoproteins and glycolipids, is diverse in their compositions and structures. Normal cells have their unique array of glycans or glycome which play pivotal roles in many biological processes. The glycan structures in cancer cells, however, are often altered, some having unique structures which are termed as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs). TACAs as tumor biomarkers are glycan epitopes themselves, or glycoconjugates. Some of those TACAs serve as tumor glyco-biomarkers in clinical practice, while others are the immune therapeutic targets for treatment of cancers. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) to GD2, an intermediate of sialic-acid containing glycosphingolipids, is an example of FDA-approved immune therapy for neuroblastoma indication in young adults and many others. Strategies for targeting the aberrant glycans are currently under development, and some have proceeded to clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the currently established and most promising aberrant glycosylation as therapeutic targets for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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10
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Matsumoto Y, Jia N, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Cummings RD. Targeting Tn-positive tumors with an afucosylated recombinant anti-Tn IgG. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5027. [PMID: 36977722 PMCID: PMC10050417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of the Tn antigen (CD175) on surface glycoproteins of human carcinomas is associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and poor survival. To target this antigen, we developed Remab6, a recombinant, human chimeric anti-Tn-specific monoclonal IgG. However, this antibody lacks antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector activity, due to core fucosylation of its N-glycans. Here we describe the generation of an afucosylated Remab6 (Remab6-AF) in HEK293 cells in which the FX gene is deleted (FXKO). These cells cannot synthesize GDP-fucose through the de novo pathway, and lack fucosylated glycans, although they can incorporate extracellularly-supplied fucose through their intact salvage pathway. Remab6-AF has strong ADCC activity against Tn+ colorectal and breast cancer cell lines in vitro, and is effective in reducing tumor size in an in vivo xenotransplant mouse model. Thus, Remab6-AF should be considered as a potential therapeutic anti-tumor antibody against Tn+ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS-11090, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS-11090, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS-11090, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS-11090, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, CLS 11087, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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11
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Recent advances in plasmon-enhanced luminescence for biosensing and bioimaging. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1254:341086. [PMID: 37005018 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-enhanced luminescence (PEL) is a unique photophysical phenomenon in which the interaction between luminescent moieties and metal nanostructures results in a marked luminescence enhancement. PEL offers several advantages and has been extensively used to design robust biosensing platforms for luminescence-based detection and diagnostics applications, as well as for the development of many efficient bioimaging platforms, enabling high-contrast non-invasive real-time optical imaging of biological tissues, cells, and organelles with high spatial and temporal resolution. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of various PEL-based biosensors and bioimaging platforms for diverse biological and biomedical applications. Specifically, we comprehensively assessed rationally designed PEL-based biosensors that can efficiently detect biomarkers (proteins and nucleic acids) in point-of-care tests, highlighting significant improvements in the sensing performance upon the integration of PEL. In addition to discussing the merits and demerits of recently developed PEL-based biosensors on substrates or in solutions, we include a brief discussion on integrating PEL-based biosensing platforms into microfluidic devices as a promising multi-responsive detection method. The review also presents comprehensive details about the recent advances in the development of various PEL-based multi-functional (passive targeting, active targeting, and stimuli-responsive) bioimaging probes, highlighting the scope of future improvements in devising robust PEL-based nanosystems to achieve more effective diagnostic and therapeutic insights by enabling imaging-guided therapy.
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Liu Y, Li B, Zheng X, Xiong D, Ye X. Cancer Vaccines Based on Fluorine-Modified KH-1 Elicit Robust Immune Response. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041934. [PMID: 36838925 PMCID: PMC9963332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
KH-1 is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA), which serves as a valuable target of antitumor vaccines for cancer immunotherapies. However, most TACAs are thymus-independent antigens (TD-Ag), and they tend to induce immunological tolerance, leading to their low immunogenicity. To overcome these problems, some fluorinated derivatives of the KH-1 antigen were designed, synthesized, and conjugated to the carrier protein CRM197 to form glycoconjugates, which were used for immunological studies with Freund's adjuvant. The results showed that fluorine-modified N-acyl KH-1 conjugates can induce higher titers of antibodies, especially IgG, which can recognize KH-1-positive cancer cells and can eliminate cancer cells through complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). The trifluoro-modified KH-1-TF-CRM197 showed great potential as an anticancer vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiujing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Decai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
- The NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xinshan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (X.Y.)
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The Blessed Union of Glycobiology and Immunology: A Marriage That Worked. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:medicines10020015. [PMID: 36827215 PMCID: PMC9967969 DOI: 10.3390/medicines10020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we discuss the main aspects regarding the recognition of cell surface glycoconjugates and the immunomodulation of responses against the progression of certain pathologies, such as cancer and infectious diseases. In the first part, we talk about different aspects of glycoconjugates and delve deeper into the importance of N-glycans in cancer immunotherapy. Then, we describe two important lectin families that have been very well studied in the last 20 years. Examples include the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectins (siglecs), and galectins. Finally, we discuss a topic that needs to be better addressed in the field of glycoimmunology: the impact of oncofetal antigens on the cells of the immune system. New findings in this area are of great importance for advancement, especially in the field of oncology, since it is already known that cellular interactions mediated by carbohydrate-carbohydrate and/or carbohydrate proteins are able to modulate the progression of different types of cancer in events that compromise the functionality of the immune responses.
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Bożek J, Tomala J, Wójcik S, Kamińska B, Brand I, Pocheć E, Szostak E. Effects of Piptoporus betulinus Ethanolic Extract on the Proliferation and Viability of Melanoma Cells and Models of Their Cell Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213907. [PMID: 36430391 PMCID: PMC9692381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Piptoporus betulinus is a fungus known for its medicinal properties. It possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activity. In this study, several tests were performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract of Piptoporus betulinus on two melanoma human cell lines, WM115 primary and A375 metastatic cell lines, as well as Hs27 human skin fibroblasts. The extract proved to affect cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and at the same time showed a low cytotoxicity towards the normal cells. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu method (F-C), and the potential antioxidant activity was measured by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. One of the active compounds in the extract is betulin. It was isolated and then its cytotoxic activity was compared to the results obtained from the Piptoporus betulinus extract. To further understand the mechanism of action of the extract's anticancer activity, tests on model cell membranes were conducted. A model membrane of a melanoma cell was designed and consisted of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, disialoganglioside-GD1a and cholesterol: DMPC:GD1a:chol (5:2:3 mole ratio). Changes in a Langmuir monolayer were observed and described based on Π-Amol isotherm and compressibility modulus changes. LB lipid bilayers were deposited on a hydrophilic gold substrate and analyzed by IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Our study provides new data on the effect of Piptoporus betulinus extract on melanoma cells and its impact on the model of melanoma plasma membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bożek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Tomala
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Kamińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabella Brand
- Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26 111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Szostak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (E.S.)
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15
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Huang J, Li M, Mei B, Li J, Zhu Y, Guo Q, Huang J, Zhang G. Whole-cell tumor vaccines desialylated to uncover tumor antigenic Gal/GalNAc epitopes elicit anti-tumor immunity. J Transl Med 2022; 20:496. [PMID: 36316782 PMCID: PMC9620617 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant sialoglycans on the surface of tumor cells shield potential tumor antigen epitopes, escape recognition, and suppress activation of immunocytes. α2,3/α2,6Gal- and α2,6GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc)-linked sialic acid residues of sialoglycans could affect macrophage galactose-type lectins (MGL) mediated-antigen uptake and presentation and promote sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) mediated-immunosuppression. Desialylating sialoglycans on tumor cells could present tumor antigens with Gal/GalNAc residues and overcome glyco-immune checkpoints. Thus, we explored whether vaccination with desialylated whole-cell tumor vaccines (DWCTVs) triggers anti-tumor immunity in ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS Sialic acid (Sia) and Gal/GalNAc residues on OC A2780, OVCAR3, and ID8 cells treated with α2-3 neuraminidase (α2-3NA) and α2-6NA, and Sigec-9 or Siglec-E and MGL on DCs pulsed with desialylated OC cells were identified using flow cytometry (FCM); RT-qPCR determined IFNG expression of T cells, TRBV was sequenced using Sanger sequencing and cytotoxicity of αβ T cells was measured with LDH assay; Anti-tumor immunity in vivo was validated via vaccination with desialylated whole-cell ID8 vaccine (ID8 DWCTVs). RESULTS Gal/GalNAc but not Sia residues were significantly increased in the desialylated OC cells. α2-3NA-modified DWCTV increased MGL but decreased Siglec-9 or Siglec E expression on DCs. MGLbright/Siglec-9dim DCs significantly up-regulated IFNG expression and CD4/CD8 ratio of T cells and diversified the TCR repertoire of αβ T-cells that showed enhanced cytotoxic activity. Vaccination with α2-3NA-modified ID8 DWCTVs increased MGLbright/Siglec-Edim DCs in draining lymph nodes, limited tumor growth, and extended survival in tumor-challenged mice. CONCLUSION Desialylated tumor cell vaccine could promote anti-tumor immunity and provide a strategy for OC immunotherapy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Huang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiying Li
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingjie Mei
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyang Li
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaoshan Guo
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Guonan Zhang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China ,grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Shivatare SS, Shivatare VS, Wong CH. Glycoconjugates: Synthesis, Functional Studies, and Therapeutic Developments. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15603-15671. [PMID: 36174107 PMCID: PMC9674437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often expressed on the cell surfaces. Among the three major classes of glycoconjugates, proteoglycans and glycoproteins contain glycans linked to the protein backbone via amino acid residues such as Asn for N-linked glycans and Ser/Thr for O-linked glycans. In glycolipids, glycans are linked to a lipid component such as glycerol, polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate, fatty acid ester, or sphingolipid. Recently, glycoconjugates have become better structurally defined and biosynthetically understood, especially those associated with human diseases, and are accessible to new drug, diagnostic, and therapeutic developments. This review describes the status and new advances in the biological study and therapeutic applications of natural and synthetic glycoconjugates, including proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. The scope, limitations, and novel methodologies in the synthesis and clinical development of glycoconjugates including vaccines, glyco-remodeled antibodies, glycan-based adjuvants, glycan-specific receptor-mediated drug delivery platforms, etc., and their future prospectus are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Vidya S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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17
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Dogan I, Ayhan M, Gurbuz M, Kucukarda A, Aydin E, Urun Y, Cicin I, Saip P. The frequency and prognostic significance of ABO/Rh blood groups in male breast cancer patients: A multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30147. [PMID: 36107512 PMCID: PMC9439766 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the distributions and prognostic significance of ABO and rhesus (D) groups in male breast cancer (MBC) patients. The data of 137 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, histopathological data and ABO/Rh blood groups of the patients were recorded. The ABO/Rh blood group distributions were compared to the healthy men control group (n = 120,160) by the chi-square test. Overall distributions of ABO blood groups were different between the patients (17.5% AB, 38% A, 19% B, and 25.5% O) and control group (7.88% AB, 42.06% A, 15.22% B, and 34.84% O) (P < .001). There were significant differences between the patients and control group with respect to AB vs non-AB blood group distributions (P < .001, odds ratio: 2.43, 95% CI) and O vs non-O blood group distributions (P = .016, odds ratio: 0.62, 95% CI). However, A vs non-A and B vs non-B blood group distributions were not significantly different. The distribution of the Rh factor was similar between patients and the control group (P = .93). In univariate analysis, ABO/Rh blood groups were not a prognostic factor on OS (P = .29). The frequency of the AB blood group in MBC patients is increased than in the healthy control group. AB blood group may be a risk factor for MBC, whereas O blood group may be a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Dogan
- Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Ayhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gurbuz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kucukarda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Esra Aydin
- Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Urun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irfan Cicin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Pinar Saip
- Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Glycosphingolipids form characteristic-sized liposomes that correlate with their antibody-inducing activities in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 634:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Olejnik B, Ferens-Sieczkowska M. Seminal Plasma Glycoproteins as Potential Ligands of Lectins Engaged in Immunity Regulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10489. [PMID: 36078205 PMCID: PMC9518496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, chronic stress, and unhealthy lifestyle are factors that negatively affect reproductive potential. Currently, 15-20% of couples in industrialized countries face the problem of infertility. This growing health and social problem prompts researchers to explore the regulatory mechanisms that may be important for successful fertilization. In recent years, more attention has been paid to male infertility factors, including the impact of seminal plasma components on regulation of the female immune response to allogenic sperm, embryo and fetal antigens. Directing this response to the tolerogenic pathway is crucial to achieve a healthy pregnancy. According to the fetoembryonic defense hypothesis, the regulatory mechanism may be associated with the interaction of lectins and immunomodulatory glycoepitopes. Such interactions may involve lectins of dendritic cells and macrophages, recruited to the cervical region immediately after intercourse. Carbohydrate binding receptors include C type lectins, such as DC-SIGN and MGL, as well as galectins and siglecs among others. In this article we discuss the expression of the possible lectin ligands, highly fucosylated and high mannose structures, which may be recognized by DC-SIGN, glycans of varying degrees of sialylation, which may differ in their interaction with siglecs, as well as T and Tn antigens in O-glycans.
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20
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Zhang Z, Cao Z, Liu R, Li Z, Wu J, Liu X, Wu M, Xu X, Liu Z. Nomograms Based on Serum N-glycome for Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma and Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:6018-6034. [PMID: 36135043 PMCID: PMC9497917 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29090474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) are still urgently needed. We aimed to characterize the N-glycome of PTMC, and establish nomograms for the diagnosis of PTMC and the prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM). N-glycome of PTMC (LNM vs. non-LNM, capsular invasion (CI) vs. non-CI (NCI)) and matched healthy controls (HC) were quantitatively analyzed based on mass spectrometry. N-glycan traits associated with PTMC/LNM were used to create binomial logistic regression models and were visualized as nomograms. We found serum N-glycome differed between PTMC and HC in high-mannose, complexity, fucosylation, and bisection, of which, four N-glycan traits (TM, CA1, CA4, and A2Fa) were significantly associated with PTMC. The nomogram based on four traits achieved good performance for the identification of PTMC. Two N-glycan traits (CA4 and A2F0S0G) showed strong associations with LNM. The nomogram based on two traits showed relatively good performance in predicting LNM. We also found differences between CI and NCI in several N-glycan traits, which were not the same as that associated with LNM. This study reported serum N-glycosylation signatures of PTMC for the first time. Nomograms constructed from aberrant glycans could be useful tools for PTMC diagnosis and stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejian Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zepeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Mengwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiequn Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-010-69152620 (X.X.); +86-010-69152620 (Z.L.)
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-010-69152620 (X.X.); +86-010-69152620 (Z.L.)
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Li S, Chen F, Li Y, Wang L, Li H, Gu G, Li E. Rhamnose-Containing Compounds: Biosynthesis and Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165315. [PMID: 36014553 PMCID: PMC9415975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhamnose-associated molecules are attracting attention because they are present in bacteria but not mammals, making them potentially useful as antibacterial agents. Additionally, they are also valuable for tumor immunotherapy. Thus, studies on the functions and biosynthetic pathways of rhamnose-containing compounds are in progress. In this paper, studies on the biosynthetic pathways of three rhamnose donors, i.e., deoxythymidinediphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-Rha), uridine diphosphate-rhamnose (UDP-Rha), and guanosine diphosphate rhamnose (GDP-Rha), are firstly reviewed, together with the functions and crystal structures of those associated enzymes. Among them, dTDP-Rha is the most common rhamnose donor, and four enzymes, including glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase RmlA, dTDP-Glc-4,6-dehydratase RmlB, dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-Glc-3,5-epimerase RmlC, and dTDP-4-keto-Rha reductase RmlD, are involved in its biosynthesis. Secondly, several known rhamnosyltransferases from Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Saccharopolyspora spinosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are discussed. In these studies, however, the functions of rhamnosyltransferases were verified by employing gene knockout and radiolabeled substrates, which were almost impossible to obtain and characterize the products of enzymatic reactions. Finally, the application of rhamnose-containing compounds in disease treatments is briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Fujia Chen
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (E.L.)
| | - Enzhong Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (E.L.)
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22
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Wu AM. Loci and motifs of the GalNAcα1 → 3/O related glycotopes in the mammalian glycoconjugates and their lectin recognition roles. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:633-651. [PMID: 35962217 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Galα1 → and GalNAcα1 → are the two essential key sugars in human blood group AB active glycotopes, in which GalNAcα1 → related sequences are located at both sides of the nonreducing and the reducing ends of human blood group A active O-glycans. It is also found at the nonreducing ends of GlcNAc N-glycans and glycosphingolipid(GSL) of human blood group A active glycotopes (Ah) and Forssman antigen (Fp). When monosaccharides and their α, β anomers are involved in basic units to express the complex size of the combining sites of the GalNAcα1 → specific lectins, they can be divided into a cavity site to accommodate the GalNAcα → key sugar and a subsite with a wide and broad range of recognition area to adopt the rest part of sugar sequences or glycotopes. The function of the subsite is assumed to act as an enhancement factor to increase its affinity power. The following three points are the theme of this mini review: (1) the loci and distribution of the GalNAcα1 → related glycotopes in mammalian glycoconjugates are illustrated and their chemical structures are advanced by the expression of the disaccharide units and code system; (2) the sizes and motifs of GalNAcα1 → specific lectin-glycan interactions are given and (3) the role of the polyvalent blood group Ah and Bh glycotopes as blood group AB antigens are proposed. These three highlights should provide an essential background required for the advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Wu
- Glycome Research Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-yuan, 33302, Taiwan.
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23
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Kalita M, Payne MM, Bossmann SH. Glyco-nanotechnology: A biomedical perspective. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102542. [PMID: 35189393 PMCID: PMC11164690 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycans govern cellular signaling through glycan-protein and glycan-glycan crosstalk. Disruption in the crosstalk initiates 'rogue' signaling and pathology. Nanomaterials supply platforms for multivalent displays of glycans, mediate 'rogue' signal correction, and provide disease treatment modalities (therapeutics). The decorated glycans also target overexpressed lectins on unhealthy cells and direct metal nanoparticles such as gold, iron oxide, and quantum dots to the site of infection. The nanoparticles inform us about the state of the disease (diagnosis) through their distinct optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. Glyco-nanoparticles can sense disease biomarkers, report changes in protein-glycan interactions, and safeguard quality control (analysis). Here we review the current state of glyco-nanotechnology focusing on diagnosis, therapeutics, and analysis of human diseases. We highlight how glyco-nanotechnology could aid in improving diagnostic methods for the detection of disease biomarkers with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence imaging (FLI), enhance therapeutics such as anti-adhesive treatment of cancer and vaccines against pneumonia, and advance analysis such as the rapid detection of pharmaceutical heparin contaminant and recombinant SARS-COV-2 spike protein. We illustrate these progressions and outline future potentials of glyco-nanotechnology in advancing human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mausam Kalita
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Macy M. Payne
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Stefan H. Bossmann
- The University of Kansas Cancer Cente–Drug Discovery, Delivery and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center-Cancer Biology, Kansas City, KS
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24
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Zheng Y, Liang M, Wang B, Kang L, Yuan Y, Mao Y, Wang S. GALNT12 is associated with the malignancy of glioma and promotes glioblastoma multiforme in vitro by activating Akt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 610:99-106. [PMID: 35461073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of mucin-type O-glycosylation has been reported to be associated with a variety of human cancers including gliomas. However, little is known about its contribution to the malignancy of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the deadliest form of brain tumors. Here, we conducted a detailed analysis of the expression profiles of GALNT gene family, which encode polypeptide-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) and are responsible for initiating O-glycans, both in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. We discovered that GALNT12 is the only member within the GALNT family, whose expression demonstrated significant correlation with a worse prognosis of GBM. Genetic knockdown (KD) and knockout (KO) of GALNT12 in U87 MG, a representative GBM cell line with high GALNT12 expression, confirmed that GALNT12 deficiency leads to decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanism study revealed that GALNT12 KD and KO decreased the level of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and consequently attenuated Akt signaling within the cell. In summary, our results indicated that GALNT12 facilitates the malignant characteristics of GBM by influencing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis and may serve as a novel prognosis biomarker and a potential therapeutic target of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minting Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Li Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanqiu Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510990, China
| | - Yang Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510990, China.
| | - Shengjun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510990, China.
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25
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Saad AA. Targeting cancer-associated glycans as a therapeutic strategy in leukemia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2049901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abdullah Saad
- Unit of Pediatric Hematologic Oncology and BMT, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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26
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Anti-GD2 Directed Immunotherapy for High-Risk and Metastatic Neuroblastoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030358. [PMID: 35327550 PMCID: PMC8945428 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the few childhood cancers that carries a tumor-specific antigen in the form of a glycolipid antigen known as GD2. It has restricted expression in normal tissue, such as peripheral afferent nerves. Monoclonal antibodies targeting GD2 have been applied clinically to high-risk neuroblastoma with significant success. However, there are different anti-GD2 products and administration regimens. For example, anti-GD2 has been used in combination with chemotherapy during the induction phase or with retinoic acid during the maintenance stage. Regimens also vary in the choice of whether to add cytokines (i.e., IL-2, GMCSF, or both). Furthermore, the addition of an immune enhancer, such as β-glucan, or allogeneic natural killer cells also becomes a confounder in the interpretation. The question concerning which product or method of administration is superior remains to be determined. So far, most studies agree that adding anti-GD2 to the conventional treatment protocol can achieve better short- to intermediate-term event-free and overall survival, but the long-term efficacy remains to be verified. How to improve its efficacy is another challenge. Late relapse and central nervous system metastasis have emerged as new problems. The methods to overcome the mechanisms related to immune evasion or resistance to immunotherapy represent new challenges to be resolved. The newer anti-GD2 strategies, such as bispecific antibody linking of anti-GD2 with activated T cells or chimeric antigen receptor T cells, are currently under clinical trials, and they may become promising alternatives. The use of anti-GD2/GD3 tumor vaccine is a novel and potential approach to minimizing late relapse. How to induce GD2 expression from tumor cells using the epigenetic approach is a hot topic nowadays. We expect that anti-GD2 treatment can serve as a model for the use of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy against cancers in the future.
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27
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Chen CY, Lin YW, Wang SW, Lin YC, Cheng YY, Ren CT, Wong CH, Wu CY. Synthesis of Azido-Globo H Analogs for Immunogenicity Evaluation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:77-85. [PMID: 35106375 PMCID: PMC8796297 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Globo H (GH) is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA), and GH conjugations have been evaluated as potential cancer vaccines. However, like all carbohydrate-based vaccines, low immunogenicity is a major issue. Modifications of the TACA increase its immunogenicity, but the systemic modification on GH is challenging and the synthesis is cumbersome. In this study, we synthesized several azido-GH analogs for evaluation, using galactose oxidase to selectively oxidize C6-OH of the terminal galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine on lactose, Gb3, Gb4, and SSEA3 into C6 aldehyde, which was then transformed chemically to the azido group. The azido-derivatives were further glycosylated to azido-GH analogs by glycosyltransferases coupled with sugar nucleotide regeneration. These azido-GH analogs and native GH were conjugated to diphtheria toxoid cross-reactive material CRM197 for vaccination with C34 adjuvant in mice. Glycan array analysis of antisera indicated that the azido-GH glycoconjugate with azide at Gal-C6 of Lac (1-CRM197) elicited the highest antibody response not only to GH, SSEA3, and SSEA4, which share the common SSEA3 epitope, but also to MCF-7 cancer cells, which express these Globo-series glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Yun Chen
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Wen Wang
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chu Lin
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Yu Cheng
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National
Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tai Ren
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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28
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Araki E, Hane M, Hatanaka R, Kimura R, Tsuda K, Konishi M, Komura N, Ando H, Kitajima K, Sato C. Analysis of biochemical features of ST8 α-N-acetyl-neuraminide α2,8-sialyltransferase (St8sia) 5 isoforms. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:291-302. [PMID: 34982351 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are important components of the membrane and are involved in many biological activities. St8sia5 is an α2,8-sialyltransferase involved in ganglioside synthesis, and has three isoforms. In this study, we analyzed the features of three isoforms, St8sia5-S, -M, and -L that had not been analyzed, and found that only St8sia5-L was localized in the Golgi, while the majority of St8sia5-M and -S were localized in the ER. The localization of Golgi of St8sia5 depended on the stem region. In addition, the incorporation of exogenous GD3 was upregulated only in St8sia5-L expressing cells. Taken together, the localization of St8sia5 is important for the activity of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erino Araki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masaya Hane
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Glyco-BioMedical Research Center (iGMED), Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Rina Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ryota Kimura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kana Tsuda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Miku Konishi
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Glyco-BioMedical Research Center (iGMED), Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sato
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
- Glyco-BioMedical Research Center (iGMED), Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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29
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Cao Z, Zhang Z, Liu R, Wu M, Li Z, Xu X, Liu Z. Serum Linkage-Specific Sialylation Changes Are Potential Biomarkers for Monitoring and Predicting the Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Following Thyroidectomy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858325. [PMID: 35574008 PMCID: PMC9098836 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) could remain indolent, the recurrence rates after thyroidectomy are approximately 20%. There are currently no accurate serum biomarkers that can monitor and predict recurrence of PTC after thyroidectomy. This study aimed to explore novel serum biomarkers that are relevant to the monitoring and prediction of recurrence in PTC using N-glycomics. METHODS A high-throughput quantitative strategy based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to obtain serum protein N-glycomes of well-differentiated PTC, postoperative surveillance (PS), postoperative recurrence (PR), and matched healthy controls (HC) including linkage-specific sialylation information. RESULTS Serum N-glycan traits were found to differ among PTC, PS, PR, and HC. The differentially expressed N-glycan traits consisting of sixteen directly detected glycan traits and seven derived glycan traits indicated the response to surgical resection therapy and the potential for monitoring the PTC. Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides comprehensive evaluations of the serum N-glycomic changes in patients with PS or PR for the first time. Several candidate serum N-glycan biomarkers including the linkage-specific sialylation have been determined, some of which have potential in the prediction of recurrence in PTC, and others of which can help to explore and monitor the response to initial surgical resection therapy. The findings enhanced the comprehension of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zejian Zhang
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zepeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiequn Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
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30
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OUP accepted manuscript. Glycobiology 2022; 32:588-599. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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31
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Bjerregaard-Andersen K, Abraha F, Johannesen H, Oscarson S, Moreno E, Krengel U. Key role of a structural water molecule for the specificity of 14F7-An antitumor antibody targeting the NeuGc GM3 ganglioside. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1500-1509. [PMID: 34735569 PMCID: PMC8684480 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated glycolipids such as NeuGc GM3 are auspicious molecular targets in antineoplastic therapies and vaccine strategies. 14F7 is a monoclonal IgG1 with high clinical potential in cancer immunotherapy as it displays extraordinary specificity for NeuGc GM3, while it does not recognize the very similar, ubiquitous NeuAc GM3. Here we present the 2.3 Å crystal structure of the 14F7 antigen-binding domain (14F7 scFv) in complex with the NeuGc GM3 trisaccharide. Modeling analysis and previous mutagenesis data suggest that 14F7 may also bind to an alternative NeuGc GM3 conformation, not observed in the crystal structure. The most intriguing finding, however, was that a water molecule centrally placed in the complementarity-determining region directly mediates the specificity of 14F7 to NeuGc GM3. This has profound impact on the complexity of engineering in the binding site and provides an excellent example of the importance in understanding the water structure in antibody-antigen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fana Abraha
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Recipharm OT Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hedda Johannesen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ernesto Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín 050026, Colombia
| | - Ute Krengel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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32
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Lamarre M, Tremblay T, Bansept MA, Robitaille K, Fradet V, Giguère D, Boudreau D. A glycan-based plasmonic sensor for prostate cancer diagnosis. Analyst 2021; 146:6852-6860. [PMID: 34623365 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00789k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer affects thousands of men who undergo clinical screening tests every year. The main biomarker used for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, prostate specific antigen (PSA), presents limitations that justify investigating new biomarkers to improve reliability. Antibodies against the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (Tn), or TACA, develop early in carcinogenesis, making them an interesting alternative as a target for prostate cancer diagnostics. In this work, the Tn antigen was synthesized and immobilized on a surface plasmon resonance sensor coated with a polydopamine/polyethylene oxide mixed layer used both as an anchoring surface for Tn capture moieties and to minimize surface fouling. The sensor could be regenerated and reused at least 60 times without any significant loss in sensitivity. Anti-Tn antibodies were detected in the 0-10 nM concentration range with detection limits of 0.1 and 0.3 nM in spiked buffer solutions and diluted human blood serum samples, respectively. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, this carbohydrate-based sensor was used to successfully discriminate blood serum samples from prostate cancer-free and prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lamarre
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Tremblay
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Marc-Antoine Bansept
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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33
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Shi X, Gao GY, Shen J. Identification of microRNA Signature and Key Genes Between Adenoma and Adenocarcinomas Using Bioinformatics Analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4707-4720. [PMID: 34511938 PMCID: PMC8427077 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s320469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is very common and the mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to identify between adenomas with epithelial dislocation (false invasion) and adenomas with early adenocarcinoma (true invasion). Methods GSE41655 and GSE57965 datasets were obtained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. microRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database were downloaded to further validate the results in GEO. GEO software and the GEO2R calculation method were used to analyze two gene profiles. The co-expression of differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) were identified and searched in the FunRich databases for pathway and ontology analysis. Cytoscape was utilized to construct the mRNA-microRNA network. Validation of gene expression levels was conducted by online databases and qRT-PCR and IHC experiments. Results In total, 6 DEMs and 34 DEGs are selected after calculating. KEGG results indicated that genes are enriched in certain tumor associated pathways. Four out of 6 microRNAs had a significant relationship with the overall survival (P < 0.05) and showed a good performance in predicting the survival risk of patients with colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, expression levels of hsa-miR-455 and hsa-miR-125a were then verified by qRT-PCR which all target BCL2L12. IHC results showed that the expression level of BCL2L12 was higher in adenocarcinoma than in adenoma. Based on the selected gene, the top 10 small molecules were screened out as potential drugs. Conclusion By using microarray and bioinformatics analyses, DEMs and DEGs were selected and a complete gene network was constructed. To our knowledge, BCL2L12 and related molecules including hsa-miR-455 and hsa-miR-125a were firstly identified as potential biomarkers in the progression from adenoma to adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Shi
- Department of Oncology, Changshu Second People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaofeng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
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34
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Lv B, Gao G, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Liu R, Dai Z, Ju C, Liang Y, Tang X, Tang M, Lv XB. Serglycin promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21142-21154. [PMID: 34493692 PMCID: PMC8457593 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common disease in the world, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. This study aims to identify the key genes that promote the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. METHOD GSE124768 and GSE126209 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The gene ontology and enrichment pathway were analyzed by FunRich software. qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the gene expression. After gene knockdown, Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted on osteosarcoma cells to detect whether the genes were defined before enhancing the invasion of osteosarcoma. RESULTS Totally, 341 mRNAs were found to be regulated differentially in osteosarcoma cells compared to osteoblasts. In addition, the expression level of Serglycin (SRGN) in osteosarcoma cells was higher than that in human osteoblasts. The invasion and proliferation ability of osteosarcoma cells with upregulated Serglycin was significantly increased, and on the contrary, decreased after Serglycin knockdown. Moreover, we preliminarily found that Serglycin may associate with the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS By using microarray and bioinformatics analyses, differently expressed mRNAs were identified and a complete gene network was constructed. To our knowledge, we describe for the first time Serglycin as a potential biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Department of Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Guangyu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhong Guo
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Department of Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Renfeng Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Department of Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhengzai Dai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Department of Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Cheng Ju
- Beijing Orthopaedics Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiping Liang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Xu F, Zhao H, Li J, Jiang H. Mucin-type sialyl-Tn antigen is associated with PD-L1 expression and predicts poor clinical prognosis in breast cancer. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2159-2169. [PMID: 34422587 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background A recent study showed that mucin-type sialylated O-linked glycans could induce the increased expression of PD-L1 via binding to Siglec receptors. However, the relationship between the expression of the mucin-type sialyl-Tn antigen (sTn) and PD-L1 remains unclear in breast cancer (BC). Therefore, we investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic effects of sTn expression and its relationship with PD-L1 expression in BC tissues. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 380 invasive BC patients between January 2011 and January 2014. The last follow-up time was January 31, 2019 with a median follow-up of 62 months. The expression of the sTn antigen and PD-L1 in 380 tumor specimens was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Correlations between sTn/PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features and prognoses were analyzed. Results In BC tissues, the positive expression rate of PD-L1 (20.5%) was much lower than that of sTn (41.8%). Pearson's contingency analysis showed that sTn and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues demonstrated a high correlation (P<0.001). High sTn expression was associated with negative ER expression (P<0.001), positive HER-2 status (P<0.001), advanced tumor stage (P<0.001), high density of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (P=0.028), and positive lymph node metastasis (P=0.002). Moreover, patients with concomitant high expression of both markers had the highest risk of relapse (P<0.001) and mortality (P<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression model revealed that positive sTn expression (HRos: 1.941, 95% CI: 1.168, 3.223, Pos=0.028; HRpfs: 1.739, 95% CI: 1.063, 2.847, Ppfs=0.010) and positive PD-L1 expression (HRos: 1.912, 95% CI: 1.138, 3.212, Pos=0.017; HRpfs: 1.863, 95% CI: 1.116, 3.110, Ppfs=0.014) were independent indicators for poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), respectively. Conclusions BC patients who expressed both sTn and PD-L1 had poorer survival. Therefore, combinational therapy with dual blockade might benefit BC patients with sTn(+)/PD-L1(+) expression, which requires further examination in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongchuan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
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Khosrowabadi E, Rivinoja A, Risteli M, Tuomisto A, Salo T, Mäkinen MJ, Kellokumpu S. SLC4A2 anion exchanger promotes tumour cell malignancy via enhancing net acid efflux across golgi membranes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6283-6304. [PMID: 34279699 PMCID: PMC8429400 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proper functioning of each secretory and endocytic compartment relies on its unique pH micro-environment that is known to be dictated by the rates of V-ATPase-mediated H+ pumping and its leakage back to the cytoplasm via an elusive "H+ leak" pathway. Here, we show that this proton leak across Golgi membranes is mediated by the AE2a (SLC4A2a)-mediated bicarbonate-chloride exchange, as it is strictly dependent on bicarbonate import (in exchange for chloride export) and the expression level of the Golgi-localized AE2a anion exchanger. In the acidic Golgi lumen, imported bicarbonate anions and protons then facilitate a common buffering reaction that yields carbon dioxide and water before their egress back to the cytoplasm via diffusion or water channels. The flattened morphology of the Golgi cisternae helps this process, as their high surface-volume ratio is optimal for water and gas exchange. Interestingly, this net acid efflux pathway is often upregulated in cancers and established cancer cell lines, and responsible for their markedly elevated Golgi resting pH and attenuated glycosylation potential. Accordingly, AE2 knockdown in SW-48 colorectal cancer cells was able to restore these two phenomena, and at the same time, reverse their invasive and anchorage-independent growth phenotype. These findings suggest a possibility to return malignant cells to a benign state by restoring Golgi resting pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khosrowabadi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu (Oulun Yliopisto), Aapistie 7A, PO BOX 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | | | - Maija Risteli
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markus J Mäkinen
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sakari Kellokumpu
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu (Oulun Yliopisto), Aapistie 7A, PO BOX 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
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EREN C, GÜNER AKBIYIK A, ÖKTEN İN. Analysis of The Relationship between Blood Groups and Lung Cancer Risk Depending on Histology. DÜZCE ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.867713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha-Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic-Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Recent advances on smart glycoconjugate vaccines in infections and cancer. FEBS J 2021; 289:4251-4303. [PMID: 33934527 PMCID: PMC9542079 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the greatest achievements in biomedical research preventing death and morbidity in many infectious diseases through the induction of pathogen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently, no effective vaccines are available for pathogens with a highly variable antigenic load, such as the human immunodeficiency virus or to induce cellular T-cell immunity in the fight against cancer. The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has reinforced the relevance of designing smart therapeutic vaccine modalities to ensure public health. Indeed, academic and private companies have ongoing joint efforts to develop novel vaccine prototypes for this virus. Many pathogens are covered by a dense glycan-coat, which form an attractive target for vaccine development. Moreover, many tumor types are characterized by altered glycosylation profiles that are known as "tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens". Unfortunately, glycans do not provoke a vigorous immune response and generally serve as T-cell-independent antigens, not eliciting protective immunoglobulin G responses nor inducing immunological memory. A close and continuous crosstalk between glycochemists and glycoimmunologists is essential for the successful development of efficient immune modulators. It is clear that this is a key point for the discovery of novel approaches, which could significantly improve our understanding of the immune system. In this review, we discuss the latest advancements in development of vaccines against glycan epitopes to gain selective immune responses and to provide an overview on the role of different immunogenic constructs in improving glycovaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha-Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Marinovic-Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Musa Ozil
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Laura Polito
- National Research Council, CNR-SCITEC, Milan, Italy
| | - Josè Juan Reina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Spain.,Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, Málaga, Spain
| | - Celso A Reis
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Chizenga EP, Abrahamse H. Biological Therapy with Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Innocuous Integrative Oncology: A Case of Cervical Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:626. [PMID: 33924844 PMCID: PMC8145806 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Good medicine is based on good science, inquiry driven and open to new paradigms. For a complex disease such as cancer, a complex treatment regime that is well structured and multifactorial is indispensable. In the present day, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies are being used frequently for cancer, alongside modern biological therapies and allopathic medicine, in what is called integrative oncology. In all conscience, the use of natural, less invasive interventions whenever possible is ideal. However, a comprehensive understanding of not only the etiopathology of individual cancers, but also the detailed genetic and epigenetic characteristics, the cancer hallmarks, that clearly show the blueprint of the cancer phenotype is a requisite. Different tumors have a common behavioral pattern, but their specific features at the genetic and epigenetic levels vary to a great extent. Henceforth, with so many failed attempts to therapy, drug formulations and combinations need a focused pre-assessment of the inherent features of individual cancers to destroy the tumors holistically by targeting these features. This review therefore presents innocuous therapeutic regimes by means of CAM and integrative medicine approaches that can specifically target the hallmarks of cancer, using the case of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
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Application of the Antibody-Inducing Activity of Glycosphingolipids to Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073776. [PMID: 33917390 PMCID: PMC8038663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are composed of a mono-, di-, or oligosaccharide and a ceramide and function as constituents of cell membranes. Various molecular species of GSLs have been identified in mammalian cells due to differences in the structures of oligosaccharides. The oligosaccharide structure can vary depending on cell lineage, differentiation stage, and pathology; this property can be used as a cell identification marker. Furthermore, GSLs are involved in various aspects of the immune response, such as cytokine production, immune signaling, migration of immune cells, and antibody production. GSLs containing certain structures exhibit strong immunogenicity in immunized animals and promote the production of anti-GSL antibodies. By exploiting this property, it is possible to generate antibodies that recognize the fine oligosaccharide structure of specific GSLs or glycoproteins. In our study using artificially synthesized GSLs (artGSLs), we found that several structural features are correlated with the antibody-inducing activity of GSLs. Based on these findings, we designed artGSLs that efficiently induce the production of antibodies accompanied by class switching and developed several antibodies that recognize not only certain glycan structures of GSLs but also those of glycoproteins. This review comprehensively introduces the immune activities of GSLs and their application as pharmaceuticals.
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Liu Y, Peng FX. Research progress on O-GlcNAcylation in the occurrence, development, and treatment of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 13:96-115. [PMID: 33643531 PMCID: PMC7898190 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i2.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long time, colorectal cancer (CRC) has been ranked among the top cancer-related mortality rates, threatening human health. As a significant post-translational modification, O-GlcNAcylation plays an essential role in complex life activities. Related studies have found that the occurrence, development, and metastasis of CRC are all related to abnormal O-GlcNAcylation and participate in many critical biological processes, such as gene transcription, signal transduction, cell growth, and differentiation. Recently, nucleotide sugar analogs, tumor-specific carbohydrate vaccine, SIRT1 longevity gene, dendritic cells as targets, and NOTCH gene have become effective methods to induce antitumor therapy. Not long ago, checkpoint kinase 1 and checkpoint kinase 2 were used as therapeutic targets for CRC, but there are still many problems to be solved. With an in-depth study of protein chip, mass spectrometry, chromatography, and other technologies, O-GlcNAcylation research will accelerate rapidly, which may provide new ideas for the research and development of antitumor drugs and the discovery of new CRC diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fang-Xing Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
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Xu F, Gao Y, Diao X, Li J, Jiang H, Zhao H. Diagnostic value of sialyl-Tn immunocytochemistry in breast cancer presenting with pathological nipple discharge. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1783-1790. [PMID: 33605547 PMCID: PMC7940227 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucin‐associated sialyl‐Tn (sTn) antigen is overexpressed and related with adverse outcome in breast cancer (BC). The role of sTn in BC has not been well defined in pathological nipple discharge (PND) cytology. The authors examined sTn immunocytochemistry (ICC) in PND to determine whether it could be a biomarker of malignancy or aggressive disease. Methods PND was subjected to immunocytochemical staining for sTn antigen expression and thinprep cytology test (TCT) for enhancing the sensitivity and specificity. The examination data was compared with histological findings of subsequent biopsy specimens. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors were most associated with malignant breast lesions. Results PND specimens were collected including 120 cases of intraductal papilloma, 24 cases of hyperplasia, 45 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 48 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). STn ICC differentiated BC from benign intraductal lesions with a low sensitivity of 41.9% and a high specificity of 95.8%, but increased in combination with TCT to 64.5% and 100%, respectively. A high degree of concordance was observed between the results of sTn expression in cell smears and histological specimens. Moreover, the sTn expression was strongly associated with HER2‐positive IDC (p = 0.039). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that positive sTn expression (OR: 14.241, 95%CI: 2.574, 78.794, p = 0.010) and accompanying mass (OR: 3.307, 95%CI: 1.073, 10.188, p = 0.037) were statistically significant independent risk factors for malignant PND. Conclusions Mucin‐associated sTn expression in PND cytology appears to be a reliable diagnostic marker for BC patients with the chief complaint of malignant nipple discharge and indicates a more aggressive behavior in IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Huairou Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Diao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongchuan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
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Smith BR, Guo Z. Oligosaccharide Antigen Conjugation to Carrier Proteins to Formulate Glycoconjugate Vaccines. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2183:305-312. [PMID: 32959250 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation, that is, covalent linkage, to immunological proteins is a common strategy to address the low immunogenicity issue of carbohydrate antigens in vaccine development. This chapter describes an easy and efficient method for oligosaccharide-protein conjugation employing dicarboxylic acid linkers. In this regard, a free amino group is introduced to an oligosaccharide antigen to facilitate coupling with the bifunctional linker upon reaction with its corresponding disuccinimidyl ester. The resultant monosuccinimidyl ester of the oligosaccharide antigen then reacts with the free amino groups of a carrier protein to provide the desired oligosaccharide-protein conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Matsumoto Y, Kudelka MR, Hanes MS, Lehoux S, Dutta S, Jones MB, Stackhouse KA, Cervoni GE, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Smith DF, Ju T, Chaikof EL, Cummings RD. Identification of Tn antigen O-GalNAc-expressing glycoproteins in human carcinomas using novel anti-Tn recombinant antibodies. Glycobiology 2020; 30:282-300. [PMID: 31742337 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tn antigen is a neoantigen abnormally expressed in many human carcinomas and expression correlates with metastasis and poor survival. To explore its biomarker potential, new antibodies are needed that specifically recognize this antigen in tumors. Here we generated two recombinant antibodies to the Tn antigen, Remab6 as a chimeric human IgG1 antibody and ReBaGs6 as a murine IgM antibody and characterized their specificities using multiple biochemical and biological approaches. Both Remab6 and ReBaGs6 recognize clustered Tn structures, but most importantly do not recognize glycoforms of human IgA1 that contain potential cross-reactive Tn antigen structures. In flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses, Remab6 recognizes human cancer cell lines expressing the Tn antigen, but not their Tn-negative counterparts. In immunohistochemistry (IHC), Remab6 stains many human cancers in tissue array format but rarely stains normal tissues and then mostly intracellularly. We used these antibodies to identify several unique Tn-containing glycoproteins in Tn-positive Colo205 cells, indicating their utility for glycoproteomics in future biomarker studies. Thus, recombinant Remab6 and ReBaGs6 are useful for biochemical characterization of cancer cells and IHC of tumors and represent promising tools for Tn biomarker discovery independently of recognition of IgA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew R Kudelka
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Melinda S Hanes
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sucharita Dutta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark B Jones
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathryn A Stackhouse
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gabrielle E Cervoni
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bldg 52/72, Room 2120, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhang L, Lv B, Shi X, Gao G. High Expression of N-Acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase 1 (GALNT1) Associated with Invasion, Metastasis, and Proliferation in Osteosarcoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e927837. [PMID: 33284788 PMCID: PMC7731121 DOI: 10.12659/msm.927837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is very common worldwide, and the mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear. This study aims to identify key genes promoting the reproduction, invasion, and transfer of osteosarcoma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gene expression profile data (GSE42352 and GSE42572) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes were calculated using R software. Gene ontology and enriched pathway analysis of mRNAs were analyzed by using FunRich. Verification of the genes was conducted by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses to measure gene expression. Transwell and wound-healing assays were performed on osteosarcoma cells after knockdown to detect whether the genes enhanced the aggressiveness of osteosarcoma. RESULTS In total, 34 genes were selected after filtering. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis demonstrated that the genes were enriched in multiple tumor pathways. N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 (GALNT1) was identified for further study, and its expression was higher in osteosarcoma cells than in human osteoblasts. The invasion ability of cells was significantly decreased after gene knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Through the use of microarray and bioinformatics analysis, differentially expressed genes were selected and a complete gene network was constructed. Our findings provide new biomarkers for the treatment and prognosis of osteosarcoma. These biomarkers may contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic targets for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Bin Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xinya Shi
- Department of Oncology, Changshu Second People’s Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
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Gilliéron N, Hemmerle A, Lung T, Sakem B, Risch L, Risch M, Nydegger UE. Oral glucose tolerance test does not affect degree of hemoglobin glycation as measured by routine assay. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2020; 81:545-550. [PMID: 33278381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is an accurate index of fluctuation in glycemia over the 2-3 months prior to quantitative assessment. During this time, hemoglobin (Hb) slowly glycates until it shows the properties of advanced glycation end-products. Glycation kinetics is intensified by prolonged glucose exposure. In subjects undergoing oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), immediately after ingestion, glucose is ostensibly transported by the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) to erythrocyte corpuscular hemoglobin. The earliest significant measurable level of hemoglobin glycation associated with this transportation is still not clear. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We attempted to explore the early impact of short-term glucose load on HbA1c levels, because it is now known that transmembrane GLUT1-mediated glucose transport occurs immediately. A total of 88 participants (46 patients and 42 clinically healthy controls) underwent fasting plasma glucose quantitation during an OGTT. HbA1c, revealed by a monoclonal anti-glycation epitope antibody and adiponectin, was quantitated before (T0) and 2 hours (T120) after 80 g glucose ingestion. RESULTS Wilcoxon test revealed that the HbA1c values did not significantly vary (P=0.15) during the OGTT, whereas glucose concentration varied strongly between T0 and T120. DISCUSSION It is well known that quantitative estimation of HbA1c is informative for clinical care, independently of glucose level. The molecular mechanisms and dynamics by which glucose enters/exits red blood cells are incompletely known and may differ between individuals. We here show, for the first time, that HbA1c levels do not significantly increase during OGTT, supporting the view that non-enzymatic glycation of hemoglobin occurs slowly and that glycation during the 2 hours of an OGTT is insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Lung
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
| | - Benjamin Sakem
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
| | - Lorenz Risch
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
| | - Martin Risch
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein; Central Laboratory, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Urs E Nydegger
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
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Razzaghi N, Seraj H, Heydari K, Azadeh H, Salehi A, Behnamfar M, Bahadori M, Ebrahimi H, Malekan M, Gholamalipour N. ABO Blood Groups Associations with Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-020-00463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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48
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Li Z, Zhang Q, Ashline D, Zhu Y, Lasanajak Y, Chernova T, Reinhold V, Cummings RD, Wang PG, Ju T, Smith DF, Song X. Amplification and Preparation of Cellular O-Glycomes for Functional Glycomics. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10390-10401. [PMID: 32539345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycans play key roles in many cellular processes, and they are often altered in human diseases. A major challenge in studying the role of O-glycans through functional O-glycomics is the absence of a complete repertoire of the glycans that comprise the human O-glycome. Here we describe a cellular O-glycome preparation strategy, Preparative Cellular O-Glycome Reporter/Amplification (pCORA), that introduces 4-N3-Bn-GalNAc(Ac)3 as a novel precursor in large-scale cell cultures to generate usable amounts of O-glycans as a potential O-glycome factory. Cultured human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells take up the precursor, which is extended by cellular glycosyltransferases to produce 4-N3-Bn-α-O-glycans that are secreted into the culture medium. The O-glycan derivatives can be clicked with a fluorescent bifunctional tag that allows multidimensional HPLC purification and production of a tagged glycan library, representing the O-glycome of the corresponding cells. We obtained ∼5% conversion of precursor to O-glycans and purified a tagged O-glycan library of over 100 O-glycan derivatives, many of which were present in >100 nmol amounts and were sequenced by sequential MS fragmentation (MSn). These O-glycans were successfully printed onto epoxy glass slides as an O-glycome shotgun microarray. We used this novel array to explore binding activity of serum IgM in healthy persons and NSCLC patients at different cancer stages. This novel strategy provides access to complex O-glycans in significant quantities and may offer a new route to discovery of potential diagnostic disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 33 Gilmer Street SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - David Ashline
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, 35 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | | | | | | | - Vernon Reinhold
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, 35 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peng G Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 33 Gilmer Street SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10001 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
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49
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Sarmento MJ, Ricardo JC, Amaro M, Šachl R. Organization of gangliosides into membrane nanodomains. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3668-3697. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Sarmento
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Joana C. Ricardo
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Mariana Amaro
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Šachl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
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50
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Schijns V, Fernández-Tejada A, Barjaktarović Ž, Bouzalas I, Brimnes J, Chernysh S, Gizurarson S, Gursel I, Jakopin Ž, Lawrenz M, Nativi C, Paul S, Pedersen GK, Rosano C, Ruiz-de-Angulo A, Slütter B, Thakur A, Christensen D, Lavelle EC. Modulation of immune responses using adjuvants to facilitate therapeutic vaccination. Immunol Rev 2020; 296:169-190. [PMID: 32594569 PMCID: PMC7497245 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccination offers great promise as an intervention for a diversity of infectious and non-infectious conditions. Given that most chronic health conditions are thought to have an immune component, vaccination can at least in principle be proposed as a therapeutic strategy. Understanding the nature of protective immunity is of vital importance, and the progress made in recent years in defining the nature of pathological and protective immunity for a range of diseases has provided an impetus to devise strategies to promote such responses in a targeted manner. However, in many cases, limited progress has been made in clinical adoption of such approaches. This in part results from a lack of safe and effective vaccine adjuvants that can be used to promote protective immunity and/or reduce deleterious immune responses. Although somewhat simplistic, it is possible to divide therapeutic vaccine approaches into those targeting conditions where antibody responses can mediate protection and those where the principal focus is the promotion of effector and memory cellular immunity or the reduction of damaging cellular immune responses as in the case of autoimmune diseases. Clearly, in all cases of antigen-specific immunotherapy, the identification of protective antigens is a vital first step. There are many challenges to developing therapeutic vaccines beyond those associated with prophylactic diseases including the ongoing immune responses in patients, patient heterogeneity, and diversity in the type and stage of disease. If reproducible biomarkers can be defined, these could allow earlier diagnosis and intervention and likely increase therapeutic vaccine efficacy. Current immunomodulatory approaches related to adoptive cell transfers or passive antibody therapy are showing great promise, but these are outside the scope of this review which will focus on the potential for adjuvanted therapeutic active vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Schijns
- Wageningen University, Cell Biology & Immunology and, ERC-The Netherlands, Schaijk, Landerd campus, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Biscay, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Žarko Barjaktarović
- Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ilias Bouzalas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Sergey Chernysh
- Laboratory of Insect Biopharmacology and Immunology, Department of Entomology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Žiga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria Lawrenz
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (CH), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ane Ruiz-de-Angulo
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Biscay, Spain
| | - Bram Slütter
- Div. BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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