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Hoefer CC, Hollon LK, Campbell JA. The Role of the Human Gutome on Chronic Disease: A Review of the Microbiome and Nutrigenomics. Clin Lab Med 2022; 42:627-643. [PMID: 36368787 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie C Hoefer
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, MSB 3005, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Leah K Hollon
- Richmond Natural Medicine, National University of Natural Medicine Residency, 9211 Forest Hill Avenue, Richmond, VA 23235, USA
| | - Jennifer A Campbell
- Manchester University, College of Pharmacy, Natural, and Health Sciences, 10627 Diebold Road, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA
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2
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Mehejabin F, Rahman MS. Knowledge and perception of breast cancer among women of reproductive age in Chattogram, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e840. [PMID: 36189418 PMCID: PMC9488900 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The significantly higher mortality rate has been considered due to poor knowledge of women, delay in diagnosis, and initiation of treatment. Therefore, this hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to understand the knowledge and perception of women with breast cancer in Bangladesh. Methods Data was collected using a questionnaire-based interview from 357 women aged 15-49 years attending two tertiary care hospitals in Chattogram city of Bangladesh. Results Neighbors (18.6%) and relatives (18.1%) were the leading sources of information on breast cancer. Among the total, 69.5% knew about breast cancer however, only 14% of them knew about screening tests and 61.5% were unaware of risk factors for developing breast cancer. Pain in the breast, painless lump, and nipple discharge were the most recognized clinical symptoms by the participants. Exercise and weight control, the practice of breastfeeding, and taking medicine were the three most known prevention practices. Women perceived wrong conceptions that Breast cancer is only found in older age (42.3%) and women (15.7%) and that it causes losing one's breast (3.1%). A significant correlation was found between the education level of participants and their knowledge of risk factors related to breast cancer. Conclusion Although the majority of the participants have heard about breast cancer, they do not possess enough knowledge regarding the risk factor, symptoms, and preventive methods of breast cancer. We suggest interventions targeting a community-based awareness program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Mehejabin
- Asian University for WomenChattogramBangladesh
- One Health Center for Research and ActionChattogramBangladesh
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3
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Caramujo-Balseiro S, Faro C, Carvalho L. Metabolic pathways in sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis: A new proposal. Med Hypotheses 2021; 148:110512. [PMID: 33548761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the reports made about geographical differences in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) occurrence, suggesting a link between dietary habits, genes and cancer risk, we hypothesise that there are four fundamental metabolic pathways involved in diet-genes interactions, directly implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis: folate metabolism; lipid metabolism; oxidative stress response; and inflammatory response. Supporting this hypothesis are the evidence given by the significant associations between several diet-genes polymorphisms and CRC, namely: MTHFR, MTR, MTRR and TS (involved in folate metabolism); NPY, APOA1, APOB, APOC3, APOE, CETP, LPL and PON1 (involved in lipid metabolism); MNSOD, SOD3, CAT, GSTP1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 (involved in oxidative stress response); and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β (involved in inflammatory response). We also highlight the association between some foods/nutrients/nutraceuticals that are important in CRC prevention or treatment and the four metabolic pathways proposed, and the recent results of genome-wide association studies, both assisting our hypothesis. Finally, we propose a new line of investigation with larger studies, using accurate dietary biomarkers and investigating the four metabolic pathways genes simultaneously. This line of investigation will be essential to understand the full complexity of the association between nature and nurture in CRC and perhaps in other types of cancers. Only with this in-depth knowledge will it be possible to make personalised nutrition recommendations for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Caramujo-Balseiro
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Faro
- Department of Life Sciences - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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4
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Cruceriu D, Diaconeasa Z, Socaci S, Socaciu C, Balacescu O, Rakosy-Tican E. Extracts of the Wild Potato Species Solanum chacoense on Breast Cancer Cells: Biochemical Characterization, In Vitro Selective Cytotoxicity and Molecular Effects. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:630-641. [PMID: 32372670 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1761407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Solanum chacoense (wild potato) is intensively used in breeding, its biochemical profile and putative human health-related traits being transferred into potato cultivars aimed for consumption. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biochemical profile and the anti-tumor potential of methanolic extracts obtained from S. chacoense leaves and tubers against three breast cancer cell lines in comparison to healthy endothelial cells (HUVEC). The biochemical profile of the extracts was determined by HPLC-PDA/-ESI+-MS and ITEX/GC-MS, the selective cytotoxicity by MTT assay whereas RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the expression of proliferation- and apoptosis-related genes. Both extracts proved to be rich in phenolic acids and volatile compounds, the leaf extract also containing glycoalkaloids. Both extracts proved to be cytotoxic for breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values varying between 132.9 and 390.7 µg/ml. Both extracts had selective cytotoxicity against MCF7 cell line in comparison to HUVECs (selectivity coefficients >2.3). The treatment with the extracts induced overexpression of the pro-apoptotic gene BAX¸ down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 and the pro-proliferation genes NFkB, CCND1, and STAT3. Thus S. chacoense extracts proved to be rich in compounds with anticancer proprieties and are capable of inducing selective cytotoxicity on MCF7 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Rakosy-Tican
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Sellami M, Bragazzi NL. Nutrigenomics and Breast Cancer: State-of-Art, Future Perspectives and Insights for Prevention. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020512. [PMID: 32085420 PMCID: PMC7071273 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper nutrition plays a major role in preventing diseases and, therefore, nutritional interventions constitute crucial strategies in the field of Public Health. Nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics are arising from the integration of nutritional, genomics and proteomics specialties in the era of postgenomics medicine. In particular, nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics focus on the interaction between nutrients and the human genome and proteome, respectively, providing insights into the role of diet in carcinogenesis. Further omics disciplines, like metabonomics, interactomics and microbiomics, are expected to provide a better understanding of nutrition and its underlying factors. These fields represent an unprecedented opportunity for the development of personalized diets in women at risk of developing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Sport Science Program (SSP), College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University if Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (N.L.B.)
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Abstract
Purpose of the review In this review, we discuss the roles of the gut microbiota, dietary phytochemicals in improving human health. Recent studies have reported that the human gut microbiota can be altered by dietary phytochemicals including phenolics, carotenoids, and dietary fibers. In addition, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria show regulatory effects with phytochemicals, suggesting potential synergistic effects in the improvement of human gut health and prevention of chronic diseases. Recent findings Numerous studies have been conducted on gut microbial alterations induced by phytochemicals, such as phenolics and carotenoids. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced via bacterial fermentation in the colon, also shows a significantly beneficial effect in the maintenance of gut microbial homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of diets and the interactions of the gut microorganisms remain poorly understood. The gut microbiome profile changes have been observed in chronic inflammation-induced diseases including colitis, Crohn's disease, immune dysfunction, colon cancer, obesity and diabetes. The anti-inflammatory effects of dietary phytochemicals against these diseases may be partially mediated by regulation of microbial profiles. Latest advances in biomedical technology such as the next-generation sequencing (NGS), and continuous cost reduction associated with these technologies, enabled researchers to perform ever-increasing number of large-scale, high-throughput computational analyses to elucidate the potential mechanism of phytochemical-microbiome interactions. Summary Information obtained from these studies may provide valuable insights to guide future clinical research for the development of therapeutics, botanicals and drug efficacy testing, many of which will be discussed in this review.
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Riscuta G, Xi D, Pierre-Victor D, Starke-Reed P, Khalsa J, Duffy L. Diet, Microbiome, and Epigenetics in the Era of Precision Medicine. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1856:141-156. [PMID: 30178250 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8751-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine is a revolutionary approach to disease prevention and treatment that takes into account individual differences in lifestyle, environment, and biology. The US National Institutes of Health has recently launched The All of Us Research Program (2016) to extend precision medicine to all diseases by building a national research cohort of one million or more US participants. This review is limited to how the human microbiome factors into precision medicine from the applied aspect of preventing and managing cancer. The Precision Medicine Initiative was established in an effort to address particular characteristics of each person with the aim to increase the effectiveness of medical interventions in terms of prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including cancer. Many factors contribute to the response to an intervention. The microbiome and microbially produced metabolites are capable of epigenetic modulation of gene activity, and can influence the response through these mechanisms. The fact that diet has an impact on microbiome implies that it will also affect the epigenetic mechanisms involving microbiota. In this chapter, we review some major epigenetic mechanisms, notably DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and histone modification, and noncoding RNA, implicated in cancer prevention and treatment. Several examples of how microbially produced metabolites from food influence cancer risk and treatment response through epigenetic mechanisms will be discussed. Some challenges include the limited understanding of how diet shapes the microbiome and how to best evaluate those changes since both, diet and the microbiota, exhibit daily and seasonal variations. Ongoing research seeks to understand the relationship between the human microbiome and multiple diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Riscuta
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Dan Xi
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Pamela Starke-Reed
- Nutrition, Food Safety and Quality, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Jag Khalsa
- Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse and Co-occurring Infections Branch, National Institute of Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Linda Duffy
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Soave I, Occhiali T, Wenger JM, Pluchino N, Caserta D, Marci R. Endometriosis and food habits: Can diet make the difference? JOURNAL OF ENDOMETRIOSIS AND PELVIC PAIN DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2284026518773212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory, estrogenic-dependent disease characterized by the presence of endometrial glands outside the uterine cavity, affecting approximately 2%–10% of women in reproductive age and 30%–50% of women in general. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, not much is known about etiology, possible risk factors, and an adequate and satisfactory therapy. In the past years, many studies have focused on food intake (nutrients and food groups) and on its possible correlation with endometriosis, demonstrating how diet could be identified as a possible risk factor. Comprehensive searches in the largest medical information databases (Medline-PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, and Cochrane Library) were conducted using the Medical Subject Heading terms “diet,” “food,” “nutrition,” “fatty acids,” vitamins,” “fruit,” “vegetables,” “coffee,” “caffeine,” “fish,” “soy food,” “dairy products,” “tea,” “curcumin” combined with “endometriosis.” Purpose of this review is to revise the literature, in order to determine potential modifiable risk factors of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Soave
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza,” Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marie Wenger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Pluchino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Donatella Caserta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza,” Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Marci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- WHO/RHR, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Aguirre-Portolés C, Fernández LP, Ramírez de Molina A. Precision Nutrition for Targeting Lipid Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101076. [PMID: 28956850 PMCID: PMC5691693 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multistage and multifactorial condition with genetic and environmental factors modulating tumorogenesis and disease progression. Nevertheless, cancer is preventable, as one third of cancer deaths could be avoided by modifying key risk factors. Nutrients can directly affect fundamental cellular processes and are considered among the most important risk factors in colorectal cancer (CRC). Red and processed meat, poultry consumption, fiber, and folate are the best-known diet components that interact with colorectal cancer susceptibility. In addition, the direct association of an unhealthy diet with obesity and dysbiosis opens new routes in the understanding of how daily diet nutrients could influence cancer prognosis. In the “omics” era, traditional nutrition has been naturally evolved to precision nutrition where technical developments have contributed to a more accurate discipline. In this sense, genomic and transcriptomic studies have been extensively used in precision nutrition approaches. However, the relation between CRC carcinogenesis and nutrition factors is more complex than originally expected. Together with classical diet-nutrition-related genes, nowadays, lipid-metabolism-related genes have acquired relevant interest in precision nutrition studies. Lipids regulate very diverse cellular processes from ATP synthesis and the activation of essential cell-signaling pathways to membrane organization and plasticity. Therefore, a wide range of tumorogenic steps can be influenced by lipid metabolism, both in primary tumours and distal metastasis. The extent to which genetic variants, together with the intake of specific dietary components, affect the risk of CRC is currently under investigation, and new therapeutic or preventive applications must be explored in CRC models. In this review, we will go in depth into the study of co-occurring events, which orchestrate CRC tumorogenesis and are essential for the evolution of precision nutrition paradigms. Likewise, we will discuss the application of precision nutrition approaches to target lipid metabolism in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aguirre-Portolés
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carretera de Cantoblanco 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lara P Fernández
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carretera de Cantoblanco 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carretera de Cantoblanco 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Borges-Canha M, Portela-Cidade JP, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Leite-Moreira AF, Pimentel-Nunes P. Role of colonic microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis: a systematic review. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2017; 107:659-71. [PMID: 26541655 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2015.3830/2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The human colonic mucosa is populated by a wide range of microorganisms, usually in a symbiotic relation with the host. Sometimes this balance is lost and a state of dysbiosis arises, exposing the colon to different metabolic and inflammatory stimuli (according to the microbiota's changing profile). Recent findings lead to hypothesize that this unbalance may create a subclinical pro-inflammatory state that increases DNA mutations and, therefore, colorectal carcinogenesis. In this article we aim to systematically review the scientific evidence regarding colonic microbiota and its role in colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS Systematic review of PubMed searching results for original articles studying microbiota and colorectal cancer until November 2014. RESULTS Thirty-one original articles studied the role of colon microbiota in colorectal carcinoma including both human and animal studies. Different and heterogeneous methods were used and different bacteria were considered. Nevertheless, some bacteria are consistently augmented (such as Fusobacteria, Alistipes, Porphyromonadaceae, Coriobacteridae, Staphylococcaceae, Akkermansia spp. and Methanobacteriales), while other are constantly diminished in colorectal cancer (such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium spp., Roseburia, and Treponema). Moreover, bacteria metabolites amino acids are increased and butyrate is decreased throughout colonic carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION Conclusive evidence shows that colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with microbial dysbiosis. This information may be used to create new prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Borges-Canha
- Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
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11
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Zhang YP, Zhang YY, Duan DD. From Genome-Wide Association Study to Phenome-Wide Association Study: New Paradigms in Obesity Research. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 140:185-231. [PMID: 27288830 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat has accumulated over an extent that increases the risk of many chronic diseases. The current clinical classification of obesity is based on measurement of body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage. However, these measurements do not account for the wide individual variations in fat distribution, degree of fatness or health risks, and genetic variants identified in the genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In this review, we will address this important issue with the introduction of phenome, phenomics, and phenome-wide association study (PheWAS). We will discuss the new paradigm shift from GWAS to PheWAS in obesity research. In the era of precision medicine, phenomics and PheWAS provide the required approaches to better definition and classification of obesity according to the association of obese phenome with their unique molecular makeup, lifestyle, and environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-P Zhang
- Pediatric Heart Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Y-Y Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - D D Duan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, United States.
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12
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Cuyàs E, Corominas-Faja B, Menendez JA. The nutritional phenome of EMT-induced cancer stem-like cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3970-82. [PMID: 24994116 PMCID: PMC4147299 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic features of cancer stem (CS) cells and the effects of specific nutrients or metabolites on CS cells remain mostly unexplored. A preliminary study to delineate the nutritional phenome of CS cells exploited the landmark observation that upon experimental induction into an epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition, the proportion of CS-like cells drastically increases within a breast cancer cell population. EMT-induced CS-like cells (HMLERshEcad) and isogenic parental cells (HMLERshCntrol) were simultaneously screened for their ability to generate energy-rich NADH when cultured in a standardized high-throughput metabolic phenotyping platform comprising >350 wells that were pre-loaded with different carbohydrates/starches, alcohols, fatty acids, ketones, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and bi-amino acids. The generation of “phenetic maps” of the carbon and nitrogen utilization patterns revealed that the acquisition of a CS-like cellular state provided an enhanced ability to utilize additional catabolic fuels, especially under starvation conditions. Crucially, the acquisition of cancer stemness activated a metabolic infrastructure that enabled the vectorial transfer of high-energy nutrients such as glycolysis end products (pyruvate, lactate) and bona fide ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyrate) from the extracellular microenvironment to support mitochondrial energy production in CS-like cells. Metabolic reprogramming may thus constitute an efficient adaptive strategy through which CS-like cells would rapidly obtain an advantage in hostile conditions such as nutrient starvation following the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. By understanding how specific nutrients could bioenergetically boost EMT-CS-like phenotypes, “smart foods” or systemic “metabolic nichotherapies” may be tailored to specific nutritional CSC phenomes, whereas high-resolution heavy isotope-labeled nutrient tracking may be developed to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution and functionality of CS-like cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Cuyàs
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN
| | - Bruna Corominas-Faja
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, SPAIN
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13
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Menendez JA, Alarcón T. Metabostemness: a new cancer hallmark. Front Oncol 2014; 4:262. [PMID: 25325014 PMCID: PMC4179679 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of and departure from stemness in cancer tissues might not only be hardwired by genetic controllers, but also by the pivotal regulatory role of the cellular metabotype, which may act as a "starter dough" for cancer stemness traits. We have coined the term metabostemness to refer to the metabolic parameters causally controlling or functionally substituting the epitranscriptional orchestration of the genetic reprograming that redirects normal and tumor cells toward less-differentiated cancer stem cell (CSC) cellular states. Certain metabotypic alterations might operate as pivotal molecular events rendering a cell of origin susceptible to epigenetic rewiring required for the acquisition of aberrant stemness and, concurrently, of refractoriness to differentiation. The metabostemness attribute can remove, diminish, or modify the nature of molecular barriers present in Waddington's epigenetic landscapes, thus allowing differentiated cells to more easily (re)-enter into CSC cellular macrostates. Activation of the metabostemness trait can poise cells with chromatin states competent for rapid dedifferentiation while concomitantly setting the idoneous metabolic stage for later reprograming stimuli to finish the journey from non-cancerous into tumor-initiating cells. Because only a few permitted metabotypes will be compatible with the operational properties owned by CSC cellular states, the metabostemness property provides a new framework through which to pharmacologically resolve the apparently impossible problem of discovering drugs aimed to target the molecular biology of the cancer stemness itself. The metabostemness cancer hallmark generates a shifting oncology theory that should guide a new era of metabolo-epigenetic cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology-Girona (ICO-Girona) , Girona , Spain ; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) , Girona , Spain
| | - Tomás Alarcón
- Computational and Mathematical Biology Research Group, Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM) , Barcelona , Spain
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14
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Hagland HR, Søreide K. Cellular metabolism in colorectal carcinogenesis: Influence of lifestyle, gut microbiome and metabolic pathways. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:273-80. [PMID: 24614287 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interconnectivity between diet, gut microbiota and cell molecular responses is well known; however, only recently has technology allowed the identification of strains of microorganisms harbored in the gastrointestinal tract that may increase susceptibility to cancer. The colonic environment appears to play a role in the development of colon cancer, which is influenced by the human metabolic lifestyle and changes in the gut microbiome. Studying metabolic changes at the cellular level in cancer be useful for developing novel improved preventative measures, such as screening through metabolic breath-tests or treatment options that directly affect the metabolic pathways responsible for the carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne R Hagland
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Molecular Lab, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Molecular Lab, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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15
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Lelièvre SA, Weaver CM. Global nutrition research: nutrition and breast cancer prevention as a model. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:742-52. [PMID: 24447199 PMCID: PMC3901298 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene-environment interaction is paramount in light of the worldwide rise in incidence of chronic diseases, with cancers in the pole position. Diet is an environmental factor with potential to influence cancer onset by shaping the epigenome (i.e., the genome organization that controls the differential expression of genes). Yet, there is no consensus regarding how diet might help prevent breast cancer, the second most frequent malignancy globally. The complexity of breast cancers requires working on a global and multidisciplinary scale to further understand the relationship between breast cancer type, diet, and the epigenome. This article describes the International Breast Cancer & Nutrition collaboration as one such approach. A global endeavor brings the diversity necessary to pinpoint important diet-gene relationships. Being developed are models, detection and assessment tools, and funding and public policy frameworks necessary to advance primary prevention research for the benefit of all populations affected by breast cancer. This paradigm can be adapted to understanding diet-gene relationships for other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A. Lelièvre
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Women’s Global Health Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Connie M. Weaver
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Women’s Global Health Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Halama A, Riesen N, Möller G, Hrabě de Angelis M, Adamski J. Identification of biomarkers for apoptosis in cancer cell lines using metabolomics: tools for individualized medicine. J Intern Med 2013; 274:425-39. [PMID: 24127940 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics is a versatile unbiased method to search for biomarkers of human disease. In particular, one approach in cancer therapy is to promote apoptosis in tumour cells; this could be improved with specific biomarkers of apoptosis for monitoring treatment. We recently observed specific metabolic patterns in apoptotic cell lines; however, in that study, apoptosis was only induced with one pro-apoptotic agent, staurosporine. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to find novel biomarkers of apoptosis by verifying our previous findings using two further pro-apoptotic agents, 5-fluorouracil and etoposide, that are commonly used in anticancer treatment. METHODS Metabolic parameters were assessed in HepG2 and HEK293 cells using the newborn screening assay adapted for cell culture approaches, quantifying the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines with mass spectrometry. RESULTS We were able to identify apoptosis-specific changes in the metabolite profile. Moreover, the amino acids alanine and glutamate were both significantly up-regulated in apoptotic HepG2 and HEK293 cells irrespective of the apoptosis inducer. CONCLUSION Our observations clearly indicate the potential of metabolomics in detecting metabolic biomarkers applicable in theranostics and for monitoring drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Halama
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Neuherberg, Germany
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Méplan C, Dragsted LO, Ravn-Haren G, Tjønneland A, Vogel U, Hesketh J. Association between polymorphisms in glutathione peroxidase and selenoprotein P genes, glutathione peroxidase activity, HRT use and breast cancer risk. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73316. [PMID: 24039907 PMCID: PMC3769272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women. Evidence suggests that genetic variation in antioxidant enzymes could influence BC risk, but to date the relationship between selenoproteins and BC risk remains unclear. In this report, a study population including 975 Danish cases and 975 controls matched for age and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use was genotyped for five functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SEPP1, GPX1, GPX4 and the antioxidant enzyme SOD2 genes. The influence of genetic polymorphisms on breast cancer risk was assessed using conditional logistic regression. Additionally pre-diagnosis erythrocyte GPx (eGPx) activity was measured in a sub-group of the population. A 60% reduction in risk of developing overall BC and ductal BC was observed in women who were homozygous Thr carriers for SEPP1 rs3877899. Additionally, Leu carriers for GPX1 Pro198Leu polymorphism (rs1050450) were at ∼2 fold increased risk of developing a non-ductal BC. Pre-diagnosis eGPx activity was found to depend on genotype for rs713041 (GPX4), rs3877899 (SEPP1), and rs1050450 (GPX1) and on HRT use. Moreover, depending on genotype and HRT use, eGPx activity was significantly lower in women who developed BC later in life compared with controls. Furthermore, GPx1 protein levels increased in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cells exposed to β-estradiol and sodium selenite.In conclusion, our data provide evidence that SNPs in SEPP1 and GPX1 modulate risk of BC and that eGPx activity is modified by SNPs in SEPP1, GPX4 and GPX1 and by estrogens. Our data thus suggest a role of selenoproteins in BC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Méplan
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Soborg, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (JH); (UV)
| | - John Hesketh
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JH); (UV)
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Metabolomics in plants and humans: applications in the prevention and diagnosis of diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:792527. [PMID: 23986911 PMCID: PMC3748395 DOI: 10.1155/2013/792527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, there has been an increase in the number of metabolomic approaches used, in parallel with proteomic and functional genomic studies. The wide variety of chemical types of metabolites available has also accelerated the use of different techniques in the investigation of the metabolome. At present, metabolomics is applied to investigate several human diseases, to improve their diagnosis and prevention, and to design better therapeutic strategies. In addition, metabolomic studies are also being carried out in areas such as toxicology and pharmacology, crop breeding, and plant biotechnology. In this review, we emphasize the use and application of metabolomics in human diseases and plant research to improve human health.
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Bragazzi NL. Situating Nutri-Ethics at the Junction of Nutrigenomics and Nutriproteomics in Postgenomics Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 11:162-166. [PMID: 23885285 PMCID: PMC3715892 DOI: 10.2174/1875692111311020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Food has societal, economic, medical and ethical implications, being fundamental for life. It plays an important role also in sports medicine, since a healthy diet is an important part of an athlete's training. Nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics are emerging as a result of a convergence of nutritional, genomics and proteomics knowledge strands in the postgenomics era. These fields of inquiry present an opportunity for the design of customized diets potentially able to counterbalance the extant obesity epidemic and remedy metabolic diseases, among others. They are noteworthy for sport medicine as well since they could provide athletes with crucial information for personalized training and nutrition, in order to achieve the best results possible and express one's own potential. But they could also be used as a form of personalized doping, thus constituting an advancement of “classical nutrition-based doping” (i.e., the use of nutraceuticals, stimulants and supplements). However, nutrigenomics (or nutriproteomics)-based nutritional doping is different from the first-generation doping because it is specifically tailored to the genomics and proteomics makeup of the athlete, although their effectiveness remain to be discerned in future systematic studies. Against this scientific background, ethical issues of nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics are discussed in the present paper with emphasis on the current limitations and the dizzying potentials of the omics data-intensive research for science and society. Additionally, I discuss the need to communicate uncertainty as a fundamental construct and intrinsic part of postgenomics personalized medicine, not to forget the gaps regarding the lack of adequate governance, and issues over providing a proper nutritional education to athletes as onus of the international sports organizations. “Let food be your medicine, and medicine be your food” Hippocrates
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Parazzini F, Viganò P, Candiani M, Fedele L. Diet and endometriosis risk: a literature review. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 26:323-36. [PMID: 23419794 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A connection between dietary factors and endometriosis onset has become a topic of interest mostly due to the observation that physiological and pathological processes of the disease can be influenced by diet. This paper systematically reviews prior publications dealing with this aspect in order to identify potentially modifiable risk factors. Comprehensive searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and Science Citation Index Expanded were conducted to identify published studies evaluating the association between food intake (nutrients and food groups) and endometriosis. Eleven studies were identified: 10 case-control and one cohort study. Information on diet was collected using food frequency questionnaires in seven studies, while in one study the questionnaire focused on caffeine and alcohol intake. Women with endometriosis seem to consume fewer vegetables and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and more red meat, coffee and trans fats but these findings could not be consistently replicated. Most data have also been discussed herein in light of the available experimental and animal model results. At present, evidence supporting a significant association between diet and endometriosis is equivocal. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of diet on endometriosis risk and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Parazzini
- Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi of Milano, Italy
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Berard A, Kroeker AL, Coombs KM. Transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics in virology. Future Virol 2012. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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