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Pigsborg K, Stentoft-Larsen V, Demharter S, Aldubayan MA, Trimigno A, Khakimov B, Engelsen SB, Astrup A, Hjorth MF, Dragsted LO, Magkos F. Predicting weight loss success on a new Nordic diet: an untargeted multi-platform metabolomics and machine learning approach. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1191944. [PMID: 37599689 PMCID: PMC10434509 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1191944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Results from randomized controlled trials indicate that no single diet performs better than other for all people living with obesity. Regardless of the diet plan, there is always large inter-individual variability in weight changes, with some individuals losing weight and some not losing or even gaining weight. This raises the possibility that, for different individuals, the optimal diet for successful weight loss may differ. The current study utilized machine learning to build a predictive model for successful weight loss in subjects with overweight or obesity on a New Nordic Diet (NND). Methods Ninety-one subjects consumed an NND ad libitum for 26 weeks. Based on their weight loss, individuals were classified as responders (weight loss ≥5%, n = 46) or non-responders (weight loss <2%, n = 24). We used clinical baseline data combined with baseline urine and plasma untargeted metabolomics data from two different analytical platforms, resulting in a data set including 2,766 features, and employed symbolic regression (QLattice) to develop a predictive model for weight loss success. Results There were no differences in clinical parameters at baseline between responders and non-responders, except age (47 ± 13 vs. 39 ± 11 years, respectively, p = 0.009). The final predictive model for weight loss contained adipic acid and argininic acid from urine (both metabolites were found at lower levels in responders) and generalized from the training (AUC 0.88) to the test set (AUC 0.81). Responders were also able to maintain a weight loss of 4.3% in a 12 month follow-up period. Conclusion We identified a model containing two metabolites that were able to predict the likelihood of achieving a clinically significant weight loss on an ad libitum NND. This work demonstrates that models based on an untargeted multi-platform metabolomics approach can be used to optimize precision dietary treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pigsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Mona Adnan Aldubayan
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessia Trimigno
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Arne Astrup
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Mads Fiil Hjorth
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Trimigno A, Khakimov B, Rasmussen MA, Dragsted LO, Larsen TM, Astrup A, Engelsen SB. Human blood plasma biomarkers of diet and weight loss among centrally obese subjects in a New Nordic Diet intervention. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1198531. [PMID: 37396134 PMCID: PMC10308042 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1198531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Scope The New Nordic Diet (NND) has been shown to promote weight loss and lower blood pressure amongst obese people. This study investigates blood plasma metabolite and lipoprotein biomarkers differentiating subjects who followed Average Danish Diet (ADD) or NND. The study also evaluates how the individual response to the diet is reflected in the metabolic differences between NND subjects who lost or maintained their pre-intervention weight. Methods Centrally obese Danes (BMI >25) followed NND (90 subjects) or ADD (56 subjects) for 6 months. Fasting blood plasma samples, collected at three time-points during the intervention, were screened for metabolites and lipoproteins (LPs) using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In total, 154 metabolites and 65 lipoproteins were analysed. Results The NND showed a relatively small but significant effect on the plasma metabolome and lipoprotein profiles, with explained variations ranging from 0.6% for lipoproteins to 4.8% for metabolites. A total of 38 metabolites and 11 lipoproteins were found to be affected by the NND. The primary biomarkers differentiating the two diets were found to be HDL-1 cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, phospholipids, and ketone bodies (3-hydroxybutyric acid, acetone, and acetoacetic acid). The increased levels of ketone bodies detected in the NND group inversely associated with the decrease in diastolic blood pressure of the NND subjects. The study also showed that body weight loss among the NND subjects was weakly associated with plasma levels of citrate. Conclusion The main plasma metabolites associated with NND were acetate, methanol and 3-hydroxybutyrate. The metabolic changes associated with the NND-driven weight loss are mostly pronounced in energy and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Trimigno
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Meinert Larsen
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Balling Engelsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Procházková N, Venlet N, Hansen ML, Lieberoth CB, Dragsted LO, Bahl MI, Licht TR, Kleerebezem M, Lauritzen L, Roager HM. Effects of a wholegrain-rich diet on markers of colonic fermentation and bowel function and their associations with the gut microbiome: a randomised controlled cross-over trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1187165. [PMID: 37324737 PMCID: PMC10267323 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1187165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diets rich in whole grains are associated with health benefits. Yet, it remains unclear whether the benefits are mediated by changes in gut function and fermentation. Objective We explored the effects of whole-grain vs. refined-grain diets on markers of colonic fermentation and bowel function, as well as their associations with the gut microbiome. Methods Fifty overweight individuals with increased metabolic risk and a high habitual intake of whole grains (~69 g/day) completed a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising a whole-grain diet (≥75 g/day) and a refined-grain diet (<10 g/day), separated by a washout period of ≥6 weeks. A range of markers of colonic fermentation and bowel function were assessed before and after each intervention. Results The whole-grain diet increased the levels of faecal butyrate (p = 0.015) and caproate (p = 0.013) compared to the refined-grain diet. No changes in other faecal SCFA, BCFA or urinary levels of microbial-derived proteolytic markers between the two interventions were observed. Similarly, faecal pH remained unchanged. Faecal pH did however increase (p = 0.030) after the refined-grain diet compared to the baseline. Stool frequency was lower at the end of the refined-grain period compared to the end of the whole-grain diet (p = 0.001). No difference in faecal water content was observed between the intervention periods, however, faecal water content increased following the whole-grain period compared to the baseline (p = 0.007). Dry stool energy density was unaffected by the dietary interventions. Nevertheless, it explained 4.7% of the gut microbiome variation at the end of the refined-grain diet, while faecal pH and colonic transit time explained 4.3 and 5%, respectively. Several butyrate-producers (e.g., Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Butyriciococcus) were inversely associated with colonic transit time and/or faecal pH, while the mucin-degraders Akkermansia and Ruminococcaceae showed the opposite association. Conclusion Compared with the refined-grain diet, the whole-grain diet increased faecal butyrate and caproate concentrations as well as stool frequency, emphasising that differences between whole and refined grains affect both colonic fermentation and bowel habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Procházková
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Naomi Venlet
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Mathias L. Hansen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christian B. Lieberoth
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Martin I. Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Trius-Soler M, Praticò G, Gürdeniz G, Garcia-Aloy M, Canali R, Natella F, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Andrés-Lacueva C, Dragsted LO. Correction: Biomarkers of moderate alcohol intake and alcoholic beverages: a systematic literature review. Genes Nutr 2023; 18:9. [PMID: 37189028 PMCID: PMC10184393 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trius-Soler
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Polyphenol Research Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarker & Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Metabolomics Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Raffaella Canali
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'economia Agraria (CREA) Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Fausta Natella
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'economia Agraria (CREA) Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Elske M Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Department Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- Biomarker & Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Kurmaeva D, Ye Y, Bakhytkyzy I, Aru V, Dalimova D, Turdikulova S, Dragsted LO, Engelsen SB, Khakimov B. Associations between sheep meat intake frequency and blood plasma levels of metabolites and lipoproteins in healthy Uzbek adults. Metabolomics 2023; 19:46. [PMID: 37099187 PMCID: PMC10133350 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uzbekistan is one of the countries with the highest number of diet-related chronic diseases, which is believed to be associated with high animal fat intake. Sheep meat is high in fats (~ 5% in muscle), including saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and it contains nearly twice the higher amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids compared to beef. Nevertheless, sheep meat is considered health promoting by the locals in Uzbekistan and it accounts for around 1/3 of red meat intake in the country. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to apply a metabolomics approach to investigate if sheep meat intake frequency (SMIF) is associated with alterations in fasting blood plasma metabolites and lipoproteins in healthy Uzbek adults. METHODS The study included 263 subjects, 149 females and 114 males. For each subject a food intake questionnaire, including SMIF, was recorded and fasting blood plasma samples were collected for metabolomics. Blood plasma metabolites and lipoprotein concentrations were determined using 1H NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed that SMIF was confounded by nationality, sex, body mass index (BMI), age, intake frequency of total meat and fish in ascending order (p < 0.01). Multivariate and univariate data analyses showed differences in the levels of plasma metabolites and lipoproteins with respect to SMIF. The effect of SMIF after statistical adjustment by nationality, sex, BMI, age, intake frequency of total meat and fish decreased but remained significant. Pyruvic acid, phenylalanine, ornithine, and acetic acid remained significantly lower in the high SMIF group, whereas choline, asparagine, and dimethylglycine showed an increasing trend. Levels of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, as well as low- and high-density lipoprotein subfractions all displayed a decreasing trend with increased SMIF although the difference were not significant after FDR correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyora Kurmaeva
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Talabalar Shaharchasi 3A, 100041, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Yongxin Ye
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Inal Bakhytkyzy
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Violetta Aru
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dilbar Dalimova
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Talabalar Shaharchasi 3A, 100041, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Shahlo Turdikulova
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Talabalar Shaharchasi 3A, 100041, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Søren Balling Engelsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Trius-Soler M, Praticò G, Gürdeniz G, Garcia-Aloy M, Canali R, Fausta N, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Andrés-Lacueva C, Dragsted LO. Biomarkers of moderate alcohol intake and alcoholic beverages: a systematic literature review. Genes Nutr 2023; 18:7. [PMID: 37076809 PMCID: PMC10114415 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The predominant source of alcohol in the diet is alcoholic beverages, including beer, wine, spirits and liquors, sweet wine, and ciders. Self-reported alcohol intakes are likely to be influenced by measurement error, thus affecting the accuracy and precision of currently established epidemiological associations between alcohol itself, alcoholic beverage consumption, and health or disease. Therefore, a more objective assessment of alcohol intake would be very valuable, which may be established through biomarkers of food intake (BFIs). Several direct and indirect alcohol intake biomarkers have been proposed in forensic and clinical contexts to assess recent or longer-term intakes. Protocols for performing systematic reviews in this field, as well as for assessing the validity of candidate BFIs, have been developed within the Food Biomarker Alliance (FoodBAll) project. The aim of this systematic review is to list and validate biomarkers of ethanol intake per se excluding markers of abuse, but including biomarkers related to common categories of alcoholic beverages. Validation of the proposed candidate biomarker(s) for alcohol itself and for each alcoholic beverage was done according to the published guideline for biomarker reviews. In conclusion, common biomarkers of alcohol intake, e.g., as ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, fatty acid ethyl esters, and phosphatidyl ethanol, show considerable inter-individual response, especially at low to moderate intakes, and need further development and improved validation, while BFIs for beer and wine are highly promising and may help in more accurate intake assessments for these specific beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trius-Soler
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Polyphenol Research Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarker & Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Metabolomics Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Raffaella Canali
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'economia Agraria (CREA) Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Natella Fausta
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'economia Agraria (CREA) Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Elske M Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Department Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- Biomarker & Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Hermansen K, Andersen SS, Damgaard CT, Dragsted LO, Holm L, Krogholm KS, Olsen A, Tetens I, Tjønneland A. [Not Available]. Ugeskr Laeger 2023; 185:V05220304. [PMID: 36999290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Nordic diet is characterized by a high content of plant-based food and a limited content of animal and processed food. Intervention studies show with moderate evidence that Nordic diet reduces risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (blood pressure, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Observational studies show with weak evidence that Nordic diet reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases e.g. stroke and myocardial infarcts and with moderate evidence reduces cardiovascular death. Thus, Nordic diet appears beneficial for cardiovascular health as well as for the climate and the environment, as argued in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjeld Hermansen
- Diabetes og Hormonsygdomme, Aarhus Universitetshospital
- Institut for Klinisk Medicin, Aarhus Universitet
| | - Sidse Schoubye Andersen
- Sektion for Forbrug, Bioetik og Regulering, Institut for Fødevare- og Ressourceøkonomi, Københavns Universitet
| | - Camilla Trab Damgaard
- Sektion for Ernæring og Sundhed hos Børn og Voksne, Institut for Idræt og Ernæring, Københavns Universitet
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Sektion for Forebyggende og Klinisk Ernæring, Københavns Universitet
| | - Lotte Holm
- Sektion for Forbrug, Bioetik og Regulering, Institut for Fødevare- og Ressourceøkonomi, Københavns Universitet
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Institut for Folkesundhed, Aarhus Universitet
- Kost, Kræft og Helbred, Kræftens Bekæmpelses Forskningscenter
| | - Inge Tetens
- Sektion for Klinisk og Forebyggende Ernæring, Institut for Idræt og Ernæring, Københavns Universitet
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Kost, Kræft og Helbred, Kræftens Bekæmpelses Forskningscenter
- Institut for Folkesundhedsvidenskab, Københavns
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that gut transit time is a key factor in shaping the gut microbiota composition and activity, which are linked to human health. Both population-wide and small-scale studies have identified transit time as a top covariate contributing to the large interindividual variation in the faecal microbiota composition. Despite this, transit time is still rarely being considered in the field of the human gut microbiome. Here, we review the latest research describing how and why whole gut and segmental transit times vary substantially between and within individuals, and how variations in gut transit time impact the gut microbiota composition, diversity and metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may causally affect gut motility. We argue that by taking into account the interindividual and intraindividual differences in gut transit time, we can advance our understanding of diet-microbiota interactions and disease-related microbiome signatures, since these may often be confounded by transient or persistent alterations in transit time. Altogether, a better understanding of the complex, bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and transit time is required to better understand gut microbiome variations in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Procházková
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Gwen Falony
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik M Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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9
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La Barbera G, Nommesen KD, Cuparencu C, Stanstrup J, Dragsted LO. A Comprehensive Database for DNA Adductomics. Front Chem 2022; 10:908572. [PMID: 35692690 PMCID: PMC9184683 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.908572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure of human DNA to genotoxic compounds induces the formation of covalent DNA adducts, which may contribute to the initiation of carcinogenesis. Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is a powerful tool for DNA adductomics, a new research field aiming at screening known and unknown DNA adducts in biological samples. The lack of databases and bioinformatics tool in this field limits the applicability of DNA adductomics. Establishing a comprehensive database will make the identification process faster and more efficient and will provide new insight into the occurrence of DNA modification from a wide range of genotoxicants. In this paper, we present a four-step approach used to compile and curate a database for the annotation of DNA adducts in biological samples. The first step included a literature search, selecting only DNA adducts that were unequivocally identified by either comparison with reference standards or with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and tentatively identified by tandem HRMS/MS. The second step consisted in harmonizing structures, molecular formulas, and names, for building a systematic database of 279 DNA adducts. The source, the study design and the technique used for DNA adduct identification were reported. The third step consisted in implementing the database with 303 new potential DNA adducts coming from different combinations of genotoxicants with nucleobases, and reporting monoisotopic masses, chemical formulas, .cdxml files, .mol files, SMILES, InChI, InChIKey and IUPAC nomenclature. In the fourth step, a preliminary spectral library was built by acquiring experimental MS/MS spectra of 15 reference standards, generating in silico MS/MS fragments for all the adducts, and reporting both experimental and predicted fragments into interactive web datatables. The database, including 582 entries, is publicly available (https://gitlab.com/nexs-metabolomics/projects/dna_adductomics_database). This database is a powerful tool for the annotation of DNA adducts measured in (HR)MS. The inclusion of metadata indicating the source of DNA adducts, the study design and technique used, allows for prioritization of the DNA adducts of interests and/or to enhance the annotation confidence. DNA adducts identification can be further improved by integrating the present database with the generation of authentic MS/MS spectra, and with user-friendly bioinformatics tools.
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10
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Gürdeniz G, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Savolainen MJ, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Brader L, Cloetens L, Herzig KH, Hukkanen J, Rosqvist F, Ulven SM, Gunnarsdóttir I, Thorsdottir I, Oresic M, Poutanen KS, Risérus U, Åkesson B, Dragsted LO. Analysis of the SYSDIET Healthy Nordic Diet randomized trial based on metabolic profiling reveal beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and blood lipids. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:441-451. [PMID: 35007813 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intake assessment in multicenter trials is challenging, yet important for accurate outcome evaluation. The present study aimed to characterize a multicenter randomized controlled trial with a healthy Nordic diet (HND) compared to a Control diet (CD) by plasma and urine metabolic profiles and to associate them with cardiometabolic markers. METHODS During 18-24 weeks of intervention, 200 participants with metabolic syndrome were advised at six centres to eat either HND (e.g. whole-grain products, berries, rapeseed oil, fish and low-fat dairy) or CD while being weight stable. Of these 166/159 completers delivered blood/urine samples. Metabolic profiles of fasting plasma and 24 h pooled urine were analysed to identify characteristic diet-related patterns. Principal components analysis (PCA) scores (i.e. PC1 and PC2 scores) were used to test their combined effect on blood glucose response (primary endpoint), serum lipoproteins, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS The profiles distinguished HND and CD with AUC of 0.96 ± 0.03 and 0.93 ± 0.02 for plasma and urine, respectively, with limited heterogeneity between centers, reflecting markers of key foods. Markers of fish, whole grain and polyunsaturated lipids characterized HND, while CD was reflected by lipids containing palmitoleic acid. The PC1 scores of plasma metabolites characterizing the intervention is associated with HDL (β = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.08; P = 0.001) and triglycerides (β = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.03; P < 0.001). PC2 scores were related with glucose metabolism (2 h Glucose, β = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.15; P < 0.001), LDL (β = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.1; P = 0.02) and triglycerides (β = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.15; P < 0.001). For urine, the scores were related with LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS Plasma and urine metabolite profiles from SYSDIET reflected good compliance with dietary recommendations across the region. The scores of metabolites characterizing the diets associated with outcomes related with cardio-metabolic risk. Our analysis therefore offers a novel way to approach a per protocol analysis with a balanced compliance assessment in larger multicentre dietary trials. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov with NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lea Brader
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lieselotte Cloetens
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Stine Marie Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingibjörg Gunnarsdóttir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland; Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland; Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Matej Oresic
- Turku Center for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Kaisa S Poutanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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11
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Xi M, La Barbera G, Eriksen JN, Prahm AP, Jeppesen PB, Dragsted LO. Discovery of urinary biomarkers of spinach consumption using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics in a human intervention trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100260. [PMID: 35072987 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Biomarkers for intake of green leafy vegetables such as spinach could help investigate their health effects. However, only few potential intake markers have been reported in the literature so far. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on a cross-over study on whole leaf and minced spinach, we investigated changes in metabolites before and after spinach intake and differences between the two treatments and health status. Nineteen volunteers (12 healthy subjects and 7 short bowel patients) completed the study within 48 d. Urine samples (24 hr intervals before and after spinach intake) and serum samples (baseline, post 8 d, and post 15 d) were collected and analyzed by UHPLC-QTOF-MS. The acquired data was analyzed by multivariate and univariate analyses. Three candidate biomarkers were observed in urine only after the spinach intake, including des-amino arginine pentenol ester, D/L-malic acid ester of cis-p-coumarate, D/L-malic acid ester of trans-p-coumarate, and 69 metabolites were present before spinach intake but showing an altered level after treatment. These metabolites were related to dietary habits or meal structure, and some changes were possibly affected by spinach intake. The candidate biomarkers were independent of spinach pre-processing and healthy status. No markers were discovered in serum samples. CONCLUSION We propose structures for three candidate spinach intake biomarkers; these markers will need further validation in independent studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Xi
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Nygaard Eriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - August Pilegaard Prahm
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Palle Bekker Jeppesen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Pigsborg K, Gürdeniz G, Rangel-Huerta OD, Holven KB, Dragsted LO, Ulven SM. Effects of changing from a diet with saturated fat to a diet with n-6 polyunsaturated fat on the serum metabolome in relation to cardiovascular disease risk factors. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2079-2089. [PMID: 34999928 PMCID: PMC9106625 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Replacing saturated fatty acids (SFA) with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the changes in the serum metabolome after this replacement is not well known. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the metabolites differentiating diets where six energy percentage SFA is replaced with PUFA and to elucidate the association of dietary metabolites with cardiometabolic risk markers. Methods In an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, 99 moderately hyper-cholesterolemic adults (25–70 years) were assigned to a control diet (C-diet) or an experimental diet (Ex-diet). Both groups received commercially available food items with different fatty acid compositions. In the Ex-diet group, products were given where SFA was replaced mostly with n-6 PUFA. Fasting serum samples were analysed by untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). Pre-processed data were analysed by double cross-validated Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) to detect features differentiating the two diet groups. Results PLS-DA differentiated the metabolic profiles of the Ex-diet and the C-diet groups with an area under the curve of 0.83. The Ex-diet group showed higher levels of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine plasmalogens, an unsaturated acylcarnitine, and a secondary bile acid. The C-diet group was characterized by odd-numbered phospholipids and a saturated acylcarnitine. The Principal Component analysis scores of the serum metabolic profiles characterizing the diets were significantly associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels but not with glycaemia. Conclusion The serum metabolic profiles confirmed the compliance of the participants based on their diet-specific metabolome after replacing SFA with mostly n-6 PUFA. The participants' metabolic profiles in response to the change in diet were associated with cardiovascular disease risk markers. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT 01679496 on September 6th 2012. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02796-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pigsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian National Advisory Unit On Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, Nydalen, PO Box 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Hvistendahl MK, Naimi RM, Hansen SH, Rehfeld JF, Kissow H, Pedersen J, Dragsted LO, Sonne DP, Knop FK, Jeppesen PB. Bile acid-farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 19 axis in patients with short bowel syndrome: The randomized, glepaglutide phase 2 trial. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2021; 46:923-935. [PMID: 34287979 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut-liver axis and enterohepatic circulation have gained increasing attention lately. Patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) are, in fact, human knock-out models that may assist in the understanding of bile acid synthesis and regulation. We evaluated effect of glepaglutide (a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-2 analog) on bile acid synthesis (the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and liver biochemistry in patients with SBS). METHOD In a single-center, double-blinded, dose-finding, crossover phase 2 trial, 18 patients with SBS were randomly assigned to 2 of 3 treatment arms (0.1, 1, and 10 mg) with daily subcutaneous injections of glepaglutide for 3 weeks. The washout period between the 2 treatment periods was 4-8 weeks. Measurements were performed at baseline and at the end of each treatment period and included postprandial plasma samples for fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4), total excretion of fecal bile acids, gene expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in intestinal mucosal biopsies, total plasma bile acids, and liver biochemistry. RESULTS Compared with baseline, the median (interquartile range) postprandial response (area under the curve 0-2h) of FGF19 increased by 150 h × ng/L (41, 195; P = 0.001) and C4 decreased by 82 h × µg/L (-169, -28; p = 0.010) in the 10-mg dose. FXR gene expression did not change in any of the groups. Alkaline phosphatase significantly decreased. CONCLUSION Glepaglutide may stimulate the bile acid/FXR/FGF19 axis, leading to increased plasma concentrations of FGF19. Thereby, glepaglutide may ameliorate the accelerated de novo bile acid synthesis and play a role in the prevention and/or treatment of intestinal failure-associated liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Krogh Hvistendahl
- Department of Intestinal Failure and Liver Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rahim Mohammad Naimi
- Department of Intestinal Failure and Liver Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svend Høime Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Frederik Rehfeld
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hannelouise Kissow
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center of Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center of Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - David Peick Sonne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip Krag Knop
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center of Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Palle Bekker Jeppesen
- Department of Intestinal Failure and Liver Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Xi M, Berendsen AAM, Ernst M, Hu T, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Feskens EJM, Dragsted LO, La Barbera G. Combined Urinary Biomarkers to Assess Coffee Intake Using Untargeted Metabolomics: Discovery in Three Pilot Human Intervention Studies and Validation in Cross-Sectional Studies. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:7230-7242. [PMID: 34143629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is a widely consumed beverage worldwide and has a high content of chlorogenic acids, polyphenols, methylxanthines, and volatile flavor compounds. Scientific evidence to support the beneficial health effects of coffee is limited, and validated urinary biomarkers of coffee intake are therefore needed. We observed 23 common putative biomarkers of coffee intake in three separate parallel intervention studies by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and multivariate analyses. Baseline samples from the NU-AGE study were used to confirm and validate 16 of these candidate biomarkers, including their robustness, time response, and dose response. These validated candidate biomarkers are N-methylpyridinium cation, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde sulfate, 3-piperidinemethanol, furfurylidene-furfurylamine, 2-furoylglycine, N-substituted-5-(aminoethyl) furan-2-carbaldehyde derivative, 3',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone sulfate, caffeine, dihydroxystyrene glucuronide, ferulic acid sulfate, 4-ethylcatechol glucuronide, 3-feruloylquinic acid, 3,4-dihydroxystyrene sulfate, one unknown glucuronide, and one unknown sulfate. Combinations of candidate biomarkers gave a better prediction of coffee consumption than individual biomarkers. The robustness of the combined biomarkers requires additional validation in cohort studies covering other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Xi
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Agnes A M Berendsen
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 HB, Netherlands
| | - Madeleine Ernst
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark
| | - Tu Hu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Explorative Biology and Bioinformatics, LEO Pharma, Ballerup 2750, Denmark
| | | | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 HB, Netherlands
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
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15
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Laursen MF, Pekmez CT, Larsson MW, Lind MV, Yonemitsu C, Larnkjær A, Mølgaard C, Bode L, Dragsted LO, Michaelsen KF, Licht TR, Bahl MI. Maternal milk microbiota and oligosaccharides contribute to the infant gut microbiota assembly. ISME Commun 2021; 1:21. [PMID: 36737495 PMCID: PMC9723702 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breastfeeding protects against diseases, with potential mechanisms driving this being human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and the seeding of milk-associated bacteria in the infant gut. In a cohort of 34 mother-infant dyads we analyzed the microbiota and HMO profiles in breast milk samples and infant's feces. The microbiota in foremilk and hindmilk samples of breast milk was compositionally similar, however hindmilk had higher bacterial load and absolute abundance of oral-associated bacteria, but a lower absolute abundance of skin-associated Staphylococcus spp. The microbial communities within both milk and infant's feces changed significantly over the lactation period. On average 33% and 23% of the bacterial taxa detected in infant's feces were shared with the corresponding mother's milk at 5 and 9 months of age, respectively, with Streptococcus, Veillonella and Bifidobacterium spp. among the most frequently shared. The predominant HMOs in feces associated with the infant's fecal microbiota, and the dominating infant species B. longum ssp. infantis and B. bifidum correlated inversely with HMOs. Our results show that breast milk microbiota changes over time and within a feeding session, likely due to transfer of infant oral bacteria during breastfeeding and suggest that milk-associated bacteria and HMOs direct the assembly of the infant gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ceyda T Pekmez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Melanie Wange Larsson
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Vendelbo Lind
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Chloe Yonemitsu
- Department of Pediatrics and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anni Larnkjær
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christian Mølgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Iain Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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16
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Low DY, Micheau P, Koistinen VM, Hanhineva K, Abrankó L, Rodriguez-Mateos A, da Silva AB, van Poucke C, Almeida C, Andres-Lacueva C, Rai DK, Capanoglu E, Tomás Barberán FA, Mattivi F, Schmidt G, Gürdeniz G, Valentová K, Bresciani L, Petrásková L, Dragsted LO, Philo M, Ulaszewska M, Mena P, González-Domínguez R, Garcia-Villalba R, Kamiloglu S, de Pascual-Teresa S, Durand S, Wiczkowski W, Bronze MR, Stanstrup J, Manach C. Data sharing in PredRet for accurate prediction of retention time: Application to plant food bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2021; 357:129757. [PMID: 33872868 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prediction of retention times (RTs) is increasingly considered in untargeted metabolomics to complement MS/MS matching for annotation of unidentified peaks. We tested the performance of PredRet (http://predret.org/) to predict RTs for plant food bioactive metabolites in a data sharing initiative containing entry sets of 29-103 compounds (totalling 467 compounds, >30 families) across 24 chromatographic systems (CSs). Between 27 and 667 predictions were obtained with a median prediction error of 0.03-0.76 min and interval width of 0.33-8.78 min. An external validation test of eight CSs showed high prediction accuracy. RT prediction was dependent on shape and type of LC gradient, and number of commonly measured compounds. Our study highlights PredRet's accuracy and ability to transpose RT data acquired from one CS to another CS. We recommend extensive RT data sharing in PredRet by the community interested in plant food bioactive metabolites to achieve a powerful community-driven open-access tool for metabolomics annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorrain Yanwen Low
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Pierre Micheau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Ville Mikael Koistinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden
| | - László Abrankó
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István Egyetem, 29-43 Villanyi Street, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreia Bento da Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Christof van Poucke
- Technology and Food Science Department, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Conceição Almeida
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXlll, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dilip K Rai
- Department of Food BioSciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Francisco A Tomás Barberán
- Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, edf 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Metabolomics Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy; Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Gesine Schmidt
- Department of Food and Health, Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, PB 210, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK-1985, Denmark
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague, Czechia
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Volturno, 39, 43125 Parma PR, Italy
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague, Czechia
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK-1985, Denmark
| | - Mark Philo
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich Research Park NR4 7 UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Marynka Ulaszewska
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Metabolomics Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Pharma, Via Volturno, 39, 43125 Parma PR, Italy
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXlll, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Garcia-Villalba
- Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, edf 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Senem Kamiloglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITUAM), Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Wieslaw Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Maria Rosário Bronze
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Experimental Tecnológica, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Edificio iBET/ITQB, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jan Stanstrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK-1985, Denmark
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France
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17
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Zhou X, Ulaszewska MM, De Gobba C, Rinnan Å, Poulsen MW, Chen J, Mattivi F, Hedegaard RV, Skibsted LH, Dragsted LO. New Advanced Glycation End Products Observed in Rat Urine by Untargeted Metabolomics after Feeding with Heat-Treated Skimmed Milk Powder. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001049. [PMID: 33559951 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Milk powder is commonly consumed throughout the world. However, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) will form in milk powder during thermal processing and long-term storage. This study aimed to identify such compounds with potential as new urinary biomarkers of intake of heat-treated skimmed milk powder (HSMP). METHODS AND RESULTS A parallel study is performed with different dosages of HSMP as well as hydrolyzed HSMP and untreated skimmed milk powder (SMP) in 36 rats. The 24-h urine samples on day 7 or 8 are collected and profiled by untargeted UPLC-Qtof-MS metabolomics. Statistical analysis revealed 25 metabolites differentiating SMP and HSMP; nineteen of these structures are proposed as lysine- and arginine-derived AGEs, and heterocyclic compounds. CONCLUSION These metabolites may potentially serve as biomarkers of food intake pending further validation to assess intakes of heat-processed dairy foods and thus help to elucidate the effects of HSMP consumption or dietary AGEs on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Maria M Ulaszewska
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility - ProMeFa, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian De Gobba
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Åsmund Rinnan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Malene W Poulsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Rikke Vingborg Hedegaard
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Leif Horsfelt Skibsted
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
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18
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Nestel N, Hvass JD, Bahl MI, Hansen LH, Krych L, Nielsen DS, Dragsted LO, Roager HM. The Gut Microbiome and Abiotic Factors as Potential Determinants of Postprandial Glucose Responses: A Single-Arm Meal Study. Front Nutr 2021; 7:594850. [PMID: 33585532 PMCID: PMC7874175 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.594850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has combined with other person-specific information, such as blood parameters, dietary habits, anthropometrics, and physical activity been found to predict personalized postprandial glucose responses (PPGRs) to various foods. Yet, the contributions of specific microbiome taxa, measures of fermentation, and abiotic factors in the colon to glycemic control remain elusive. We tested whether PPGRs 60 min after a standardized breakfast was associated with gut microbial α-diversity (primary outcome) and explored whether postprandial responses of glucose and insulin were associated with specific microbiome taxa, colonic fermentation as reflected by fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and breath hydrogen and methane exhalation, as well as abiotic factors including fecal pH, fecal water content, fecal energy density, intestinal transit time (ITT), and stool consistency. A single-arm meal trial was conducted. A total of 31 healthy (24 female and seven male) subjects consumed a standardized evening meal and a subsequent standardized breakfast (1,499 kJ) where blood was collected for analysis of postprandial glucose and insulin responses. PPGRs to the same breakfast varied across the healthy subjects. The largest inter-individual variability in PPGRs was observed 60 min after the meal but was not associated with gut microbial α-diversity. In addition, no significant associations were observed between postprandial responses and specific taxa of the gut microbiome, measures of colonic fermentation, ITT, or other abiotic factors. However, fasting glucose concentrations were negatively associated with ITT, and fasting insulin was positively associated with fasting breath hydrogen. In conclusion, the gut microbiome, measures of colonic fermentation, and abiotic factors were not shown to be significantly associated with variability in postprandial responses, suggesting that contributions of the gut microbiome, colonic fermentation, and abiotic factors to PPGRs may be subtle in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Nestel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Josephine D. Hvass
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Martin I. Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars H. Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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19
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Bejder J, Gürdeniz G, Cuparencu C, Hall F, Gybel-Brask M, Breenfeldt Andersen A, Dragsted LO, Secher NH, Johansson PI, Nordsborg NB. An Untargeted Urine Metabolomics Approach for Autologous Blood Transfusion Detection. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:236-243. [PMID: 32694367 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autologous blood transfusion is performance enhancing and prohibited in sport but remains difficult to detect. This study explored the hypothesis that an untargeted urine metabolomics analysis can reveal one or more novel metabolites with high sensitivity and specificity for detection of autologous blood transfusion. METHODS In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design, exercise-trained men (n = 12) donated 900 mL blood or were sham phlebotomized. After 4 wk, red blood cells or saline were reinfused. Urine samples were collected before phlebotomy and 2 h and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 d after reinfusion and analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Models of unique metabolites reflecting autologous blood transfusion were attained by partial least-squares discriminant analysis. RESULTS The strongest model was obtained 2 h after reinfusion with a misclassification error of 6.3% and 98.8% specificity. However, combining only a few of the strongest metabolites selected by this model provided a sensitivity of 100% at days 1 and 2 and 66% at day 3 with 100% specificity. Metabolite identification revealed the presence of secondary di-2-ethylhexyl phtalate metabolites and putatively identified the presence of (iso)caproic acid glucuronide as the strongest candidate biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted urine metabolomics revealed several plasticizers as the strongest metabolic pattern for detection of autologous blood transfusion for up to 3 d. Importantly, no other metabolites in urine seem of value for antidoping purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bejder
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Cătălina Cuparencu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Frederikke Hall
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Mikkel Gybel-Brask
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Pär I Johansson
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
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20
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Xi M, Ove Dragsted L, Tullin M, Ernst M, Zaharudin N, La Barbera G. Discovery of Urinary Biomarkers of Seaweed Intake Using Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomics in a Three-Way Cross-Over Human Study. Metabolites 2020; 11:11. [PMID: 33379223 PMCID: PMC7823344 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are a marine source rich in potentially bioactive components, and therefore have attracted attention since the middle of the twentieth century. Accurate and objective assessment of the intake of seaweeds to study their health effects is hampered by a lack of validated intake biomarkers. In this three-armed, randomized, cross-over study, an untargeted metabolomics approach was applied for discovering novel intake biomarkers. Twenty healthy participants (9 men and 11 women) were provided each of three test meals in a randomized order: 5 g of Laminaria digitate (LD), 5 g of Undaria pinnatifida (UP), or a control meal with energy-adjusted pea protein. Four urine samples and a 24 h pooled urine were collected along with blood samples at seven time-points. All samples were profiled by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS and the data were analyzed by univariate analysis and excretion kinetics to select putative intake biomarkers. In total, four intake biomarkers were selected from urine samples. They were identified as hydroxyl-dihydrocoumarin at Level III, loliolid glucuronide at level I, and isololiolid glucuronide at level II, while the last one remains unknown. Further identification and validation of these biomarkers by a cross-sectional study is essential to assess their specificity and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Xi
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.X.); (M.T.); (N.Z.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.X.); (M.T.); (N.Z.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Mikkel Tullin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.X.); (M.T.); (N.Z.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Madeleine Ernst
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Nazikussabah Zaharudin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.X.); (M.T.); (N.Z.); (G.L.B.)
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26600, Malaysia
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.X.); (M.T.); (N.Z.); (G.L.B.)
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21
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Meslier V, Laiola M, Roager HM, De Filippis F, Roume H, Quinquis B, Giacco R, Mennella I, Ferracane R, Pons N, Pasolli E, Rivellese A, Dragsted LO, Vitaglione P, Ehrlich SD, Ercolini D. Mediterranean diet intervention in overweight and obese subjects lowers plasma cholesterol and causes changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome independently of energy intake. Gut 2020; 69:1258-1268. [PMID: 32075887 PMCID: PMC7306983 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the effects of an isocaloric Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention on metabolic health, gut microbiome and systemic metabolome in subjects with lifestyle risk factors for metabolic disease. DESIGN Eighty-two healthy overweight and obese subjects with a habitually low intake of fruit and vegetables and a sedentary lifestyle participated in a parallel 8-week randomised controlled trial. Forty-three participants consumed an MD tailored to their habitual energy intakes (MedD), and 39 maintained their regular diets (ConD). Dietary adherence, metabolic parameters, gut microbiome and systemic metabolome were monitored over the study period. RESULTS Increased MD adherence in the MedD group successfully reprogrammed subjects' intake of fibre and animal proteins. Compliance was confirmed by lowered levels of carnitine in plasma and urine. Significant reductions in plasma cholesterol (primary outcome) and faecal bile acids occurred in the MedD compared with the ConD group. Shotgun metagenomics showed gut microbiome changes that reflected individual MD adherence and increase in gene richness in participants who reduced systemic inflammation over the intervention. The MD intervention led to increased levels of the fibre-degrading Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and of genes for microbial carbohydrate degradation linked to butyrate metabolism. The dietary changes in the MedD group led to increased urinary urolithins, faecal bile acid degradation and insulin sensitivity that co-varied with specific microbial taxa. CONCLUSION Switching subjects to an MD while maintaining their energy intake reduced their blood cholesterol and caused multiple changes in their microbiome and metabolome that are relevant in future strategies for the improvement of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manolo Laiola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Henrik Munch Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Hugo Roume
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MGP, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - Ilario Mennella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Rosalia Ferracane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Nicolas Pons
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MGP, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Edoardo Pasolli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Rivellese
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy .,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy .,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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22
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Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Ulaszewska M, Garcia-Aloy M, Mattivi F, Praticò G, Dragsted LO, Manach C. Biomarkers of intake for tropical fruits. Genes Nutr 2020; 15:11. [PMID: 32560627 PMCID: PMC7304196 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-020-00670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of fruit and vegetable is a key component of a healthy and sustainable diet. However, their accurate dietary assessment remains a challenge. Due to errors in self-reporting methods, the available dietary information is usually biased. Biomarkers of intake constitute objective tools to better reflect the usual or recent consumption of different foods, including fruits and vegetables. Partners of The Food Biomarker Alliance (FoodBall) Project have undertaken the task of reviewing the available literature on putative biomarkers of tropical fruit intake. The identified candidate biomarkers were subject to validation evaluation using eight biological and chemical criteria. This publication presents the current knowledge on intake biomarkers for 17 tropical fruits including banana, mango, and avocado as the most widely consumed ones. Candidate biomarkers were found only for banana, avocado, and watermelon. An array of banana-derived metabolites has been reported in human biofluids, among which 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid, dopamine sulfate, methoxyeugenol glucuronide, salsolinol sulfate, 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-sulfate, and other catecholamine metabolites. Their validation is still at an early stage, with insufficient data on dose-response relationship. Perseitol and mannoheptulose have recently been reported as candidate biomarkers for avocado intake, while the amino acid citrulline has been associated with watermelon intake. Additionally, the examination of food composition data revealed some highly specific phytochemicals, which metabolites after absorption may be further studied as putative BFI for one or several tropical fruits. To make the field move forward, untargeted metabolomics, as a data-driven explorative approach, will have to be applied in both intervention and observational studies to discover putative BFIs, while their full validation and the establishment of dose-response calibration curves will require quantification methods at a later stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Ulaszewska
- Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - M Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Mattivi
- Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - G Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Manach
- Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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23
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Zhou X, Ulaszewska MM, Cuparencu C, De Gobba C, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Gürdeniz G, Chen J, Mattivi F, Dragsted LO. Urine Metabolome Profiling Reveals Imprints of Food Heating Processes after Dietary Intervention with Differently Cooked Potatoes. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:6122-6131. [PMID: 32338001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heat treatment is a widely used method for food processing, and the compounds formed by heat processes may serve as biomarkers of heated food intake in nutrition studies. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the differential metabolic signatures resulting from intake of different potato products and identify potential intake biomarkers. In a randomized, controlled, crossover meal study, healthy volunteers consumed boiled rice, boiled potatoes, and two deep-fried potato products, potato chips and French fries. The urine metabolome was acquired by LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics. Twenty-two selected metabolites were found for deep-fried potatoes, two for potato intake in general, and one for boiled rice. Fourteen of the 22 selected metabolites were tentatively identified as furan-, pyrrole- and pyrazine-derived compounds indicative of Maillard reactions. With further validation, these candidate biomarkers will be important tools to investigate the influence of heated foods on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Maria M Ulaszewska
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige 38010, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility-ProMeFa, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Cătălina Cuparencu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Cristian De Gobba
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Natalia Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Slavador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige 38010, Italy
- CIBIO - Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento 38122, Italy
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
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24
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Spiegelman D, Lovato LC, Khudyakov P, Wilkens TL, Adebamowo CA, Adebamowo SN, Appel LJ, Beulens JW, Coughlin JW, Dragsted LO, Edenberg HJ, Eriksen JN, Estruch R, Grobbee DE, Gulayin PE, Irazola V, Krystal JH, Lazo M, Murray MM, Rimm EB, Schrieks IC, Williamson JD, Mukamal KJ. The Moderate Alcohol and Cardiovascular Health Trial (MACH15): Design and methods for a randomized trial of moderate alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic risk. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 27:1967-1982. [PMID: 32250171 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320912376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have documented lower risks of coronary heart disease and diabetes among moderate alcohol consumers relative to abstainers, but only a randomized clinical trial can provide conclusive evidence for or against these associations. AIM The purpose of this study was to describe the rationale and design of the Moderate Alcohol and Cardiovascular Health Trial, aimed to assess the cardiometabolic effects of one alcoholic drink daily over an average of six years among adults 50 years or older. METHODS This multicenter, parallel-arm randomized trial was designed to compare the effects of one standard serving (∼11-15 g) daily of a preferred alcoholic beverage to abstention. The trial aimed to enroll 7800 people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The primary composite endpoint comprised time to the first occurrence of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, hospitalized angina, coronary/carotid revascularization, or total mortality. The trial was designed to provide >80% power to detect a 15% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included diabetes. Adverse effects of special interest included injuries, congestive heart failure, alcohol use disorders, and cancer. RESULTS We describe the design, governance, masking issues, and data handling. In three months of field center activity until termination by the funder, the trial randomized 32 participants, successfully screened another 70, and identified ∼400 additional interested individuals. CONCLUSIONS We describe a feasible design for a long-term randomized trial of moderate alcohol consumption. Such a study will provide the highest level of evidence for the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and will directly inform clinical and public health guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura C Lovato
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Polyna Khudyakov
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Clement A Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Sally N Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins ProHealth Clinical Research Center, USA
| | - Joline Wj Beulens
- Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Research Institute, Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Janelle W Coughlin
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins ProHealth Clinical Research Center, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Mariana Lazo
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins ProHealth Clinical Research Center, USA
| | | | - Eric B Rimm
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, USA.,National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Ilse C Schrieks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
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Bejder J, Gürdeniz G, Cuparencu C, Hall F, Gybel-Brask M, Andersen AB, Dragsted LO, Secher NH, Johansson PI, Nordsborg NB. Detection of Autologous Blood Transfusion by Metabolomics. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pekmez CT, Larsson MW, Lind MV, Vazquez Manjarrez N, Yonemitsu C, Larnkjær A, Bode L, Mølgaard C, Michaelsen KF, Dragsted LO. Front Cover: Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202070007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Trošt K, Ahonen L, Suvitaival T, Christiansen N, Nielsen T, Thiele M, Jacobsen S, Krag A, Rossing P, Hansen T, Dragsted LO, Legido-Quigley C. Describing the fecal metabolome in cryogenically collected samples from healthy participants. Sci Rep 2020; 10:885. [PMID: 31965056 PMCID: PMC6972823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57888-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of feces plays an important role in human metabolism. Metabolomics and lipidomics are valuable tools for screening the metabolite composition in feces. Here we set out to describe fecal metabolite composition in healthy participants in frozen stools. Frozen stool samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers and cryogenically drilled in four areas along the specimen. Polar metabolites were analyzed using derivatization followed by two-dimensional gas chromatography and time of flight mass spectrometry. Lipids were detected using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. 2326 metabolic features were detected. Out of a total of 298 metabolites that were annotated we report here 185 that showed a technical variation of x < 30%. These metabolites included amino acids, fatty acid derivatives, carboxylic acids and phenolic compounds. Lipids predominantly belonged to the groups of diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols and ceramides. Metabolites varied between sampling areas, some were broadly homogeneous, others varied 80%. A LASSO-computed network using metabolites present in all areas showed two main clusters describing the system, DAG lipids and phenyllactic acid. In feces from healthy participants, the main groups detected were phenolic compounds, ceramides, diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Ahonen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.,Biosyntia ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Trine Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja Thiele
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Odense Patient Data Exploratory Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Suganya Jacobsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Odense Patient Data Exploratory Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Odense Patient Data Exploratory Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Legido-Quigley
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.
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Pekmez CT, Larsson MW, Lind MV, Vazquez Manjarrez N, Yonemitsu C, Larnkjaer A, Bode L, Mølgaard C, Michaelsen KF, Dragsted LO. Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900977. [PMID: 31801176 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The aim is to identify breastmilk components associated with fecal concentration of SCFAs and to investigate whether they differ between infants with high weight gain (HW) and normal weight gain (NW). METHODS AND RESULTS Breastmilk and fecal samples are collected from mother-infant dyads with HW (n = 11) and NW (n = 15) at 5 and 9 months of age. Breastmilk is profiled on ultra-performance LC-quadrupole TOF-MS platform. Fecal SCFAs are quantified using an isotope-labeled chemical derivatization method. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are quantified using HPLC after fluorescent derivatization. Lower levels of α-linolenic acid, oleic acid, 3-oxohexadecanoic acid, LPE (P-16:0), LPC (16:0), LPC (18:0), PC (36:2) in breastmilk from mothers from the HW-group at 5 months of age is found. Fecal SCFA concentrations are increased during the transition period from breastfeeding to complementary feeding. Fecal butyrate concentration is higher in the NW-group at 9 months of age. Fecal branched SCFAs are positively associated with breastmilk phospholipid levels, free-fatty acid levels, HMO-diversity, sialylated-HMOs, 6'-sialyllactose, and disialyl-lacto-N-hexaose. CONCLUSION Fecal branched SCFA concentrations seem to be affected by breastmilk lipid and HMO composition. These differences in breastmilk metabolites may partially explain the excessive weight gain in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Tugba Pekmez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Melanie Wange Larsson
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark.,Department of Nursing and Nutrition, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Mads Vendelbo Lind
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Natalia Vazquez Manjarrez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Chloe Yonemitsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Anni Larnkjaer
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics, Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Christian Mølgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
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Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Weinert CH, Ulaszewska MM, Mack CI, Micheau P, Pétéra M, Durand S, Pujos-Guillot E, Egert B, Mattivi F, Bub A, Dragsted LO, Kulling SE, Manach C. Discovery and Validation of Banana Intake Biomarkers Using Untargeted Metabolomics in Human Intervention and Cross-sectional Studies. J Nutr 2019; 149:1701-1713. [PMID: 31240312 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banana is one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world. However, information regarding its health effects is scarce. Biomarkers of banana intake would allow a more accurate assessment of its consumption in nutrition studies. OBJECTIVES Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, we aimed to identify the banana-derived metabolites present in urine after consumption, including new candidate biomarkers of banana intake. METHODS A randomized controlled study with a crossover design was performed on 12 healthy subjects (6 men, 6 women, mean ± SD age: 30.0 ± 4.9 y; mean ± SD BMI: 22.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2). Subjects underwent 2 dietary interventions: 1) 250 mL control drink (Fresubin 2 kcal fiber, neutral flavor; Fresenius Kabi), and 2) 240 g banana + 150 mL control drink. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected and analyzed with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight MS and 2-dimensional GC-MS. The discovered biomarkers were confirmed in a cross-sectional study [KarMeN (Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition study)] in which 78 subjects (mean BMI: 22.8; mean age: 47 y) were selected reflecting high intake (126-378 g/d), low intake (47.3-94.5 g/d), and nonconsumption of banana. The confirmed biomarkers were examined singly or in combinations, for established criteria of validation for biomarkers of food intake. RESULTS We identified 33 potentially bioactive banana metabolites, of which 5 metabolites, methoxyeugenol glucuronide (MEUG-GLUC), dopamine sulfate (DOP-S), salsolinol sulfate, xanthurenic acid, and 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline sulfate, were confirmed as candidate intake biomarkers. We demonstrated that the combination of MEUG-GLUC and DOP-S performed best in predicting banana intake in high (AUCtest = 0.92) and low (AUCtest = 0.87) consumers. The new biomarkers met key criteria establishing their current applicability in nutrition and health research for assessing the occurrence of banana intake. CONCLUSIONS Our metabolomics study in healthy men and women revealed new putative bioactive metabolites of banana and a combined biomarker of intake. These findings will help to better decipher the health effects of banana in future focused studies. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03581955 and with the Ethical Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects Sud-Est 6 as CPP AU 1251, IDRCB 2016-A0013-48; the KarMeN study was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00004890). Details about the study can be obtained from https://www.drks.de.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Human Nutrition Unit, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph H Weinert
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maria M Ulaszewska
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Carina I Mack
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Pierre Micheau
- Human Nutrition Unit, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélanie Pétéra
- Human Nutrition Unit, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stephanie Durand
- Human Nutrition Unit, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Estelle Pujos-Guillot
- Human Nutrition Unit, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Björn Egert
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Centre of Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Achim Bub
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudine Manach
- Human Nutrition Unit, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Abstract
Tubers are important crops as well as staple foods in human nutrition. Among tubers, the potato in particular has been investigated for its health effects. However, except for its contribution to energy and effects related to resistant starch, the role of potatoes and other tubers in human health is still debated. In order to establish firm evidence for the health effects of dietary tubers and processed tuber products, it is essential to assess total intake accurately. The dietary assessment in most studies relies mainly on self-reporting and may give imprecise quantitative information on dietary intakes. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) are useful objective means to assess intake of specific foods or may be used as an additional measure to calibrate the measurement error in dietary reports. Here, intake biomarkers for common tubers, including potatoes and heated potato products, sweet potato, cassava, yam, and Jerusalem artichoke, are reviewed according to the biomarker of food intake reviews (BFIRev) standardized protocols for review and validation. Candidate BFIs for heated potato product include α-chaconine, α-solanine, and solanidine; less evidence is available to indicate peonidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside and cyanidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside as putative biomarkers having high potential specificity for purple sweet potato intake; linamarin may in addition be considered as a putative BFI for cassava. Other tubers also contain toxic glycosides or common contaminants as characteristic components but their putative use as intake biomarkers is not well documented. Alkyl pyrazines, acrylamide, and acrolein are formed during cooking of heated potato products while these have not yet been investigated for other tubers; these markers may not be specific only to heated potato but measurements of these compounds in blood or urine may be combined with more specific markers of the heated products, e.g., with glycoalkaloids to assess heated potato products consumption. Further studies are needed to assess the specificity, robustness, reliability, and analytical performance for the candidate tuber intake biomarkers identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giulia Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kalledsøe L, Dragsted LO, Hansen L, Kyrø C, Grønbæk H, Tjønneland A, Olsen A. The insulin-like growth factor family and breast cancer prognosis: A prospective cohort study among postmenopausal women in Denmark. Growth Horm IGF Res 2019; 44:33-42. [PMID: 30622040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. The evidence in relation to BC prognosis is limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic serum levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and BC prognosis (i.e. recurrence, BC specific mortality and all-cause mortality) among women diagnosed with BC. We hypothesized that higher serum levels of IGFs and IGFBPs were associated with poor BC prognosis and that the associations were modified by estrogen receptor (ER) status. DESIGN From the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, 412 postmenopausal women diagnosed with incident BC within 5 years of cohort baseline (1993-1997) were identified. Baseline serum samples were analyzed for IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Follow-up was carried out through 2014 by linkage to national Danish registries. Exposures were related to BC prognosis by Cox Proportional Hazard models; effect modification by ER status was investigated and sensitivity analyses by follow-up time were made. RESULTS During a median of 15 years, 106 women experienced recurrence and 172 died (118 due to BC). Overall, no associations were observed between IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and BC prognosis and no effect modification by ER status was observed. However, higher levels of IGF-II were associated with higher BC specific mortality [Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% Confidence Intervals (CI)): 1.43 (1.01-2.04)] within 10 years of follow-up. Likewise, higher levels of IGFBP-2 were associated with higher BC specific mortality [HR (95% CI): 1.87 (1.19-2.94)] within 5 years of follow-up. In contrast, higher levels of IGFBP-3 were associated with lower risk of recurrence [HR (95% CI): 0.76 (0.60-0.97)] at 5 years of follow-up and BC specific mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.65-0.98)] within 10 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The present study did not support an association between higher serum levels of IGFs, IGFBPs and adverse BC prognosis. However, it is possible that the role of the IGF family in the etiology of the 5-10 year BC prognosis is different from that of longer-term BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loa Kalledsøe
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Preventive and Clinical Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Louise Hansen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Zaharudin N, Staerk D, Dragsted LO. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by selected edible seaweeds and fucoxanthin. Food Chem 2019; 270:481-486. [PMID: 30174076 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 5 mg/mL solution of water, methanol and acetone extracts of seaweeds were used for α-glucosidase inhibition assay hyphenated with high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). The results showed acetone extracts of Undaria pinnatifida has the strongest inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase activity with IC50 0.08 ± 0.002 mg/mL. The active compound found in Undaria pinnatifida was identified as fucoxanthin. Analytical standard sample of fucoxanthin significantly inhibited α-glucosidase with IC50 value 0.047 ± 0.001 mg/mL. An inhibition kinetics study indicates that fucoxanthin is showing mixed-type inhibition. These results suggest that Undaria pinnatifida has a potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and may be used as a bioactive food ingredient for glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazikussabah Zaharudin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1958, Denmark; Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1958, Denmark
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S C Sri Harsha P, Abdul Wahab R, Cuparencu C, Dragsted LO, Brennan L. A Metabolomics Approach to the Identification of Urinary Biomarkers of Pea Intake. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1911. [PMID: 30518059 PMCID: PMC6315433 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant body of evidence demonstrates that isoflavone metabolites are good markers of soy intake, while research is lacking on specific markers of other leguminous sources such as peas. In this context, the objective of our current study was to identify biomarkers of pea intake using an untargeted metabolomics approach. A randomized cross-over acute intervention study was conducted on eleven participants who consumed peas and couscous (control food) in random order. The urine samples were collected in fasting state and postprandially at regular intervals and were further analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis resulted in robust Partial least squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) models obtained for comparison of fasting against the postprandial time points (0 h vs. 4 h, (R²X = 0.41, Q² = 0.4); 0 h vs. 6 h, ((R²X = 0.517, Q² = 0.495)). Variables with variable importance of projection (VIP) scores ≥1.5 obtained from the PLS-DA plot were considered discriminant between the two time points. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify features with a significant time effect. Assessment of the time course profile revealed that ten features displayed a differential time course following peas consumption compared to the control food. The interesting features were tentatively identified using accurate mass data and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS using commercial spectral databases and authentic standards. 2-Isopropylmalic acid, asparaginyl valine and N-carbamoyl-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid were identified as markers reflecting pea intake. The three markers also increased in a dose-dependent manner in a randomized intervention study and were further confirmed in an independent intervention study. Overall, key validation criteria were met for the successfully identified pea biomarkers. Future work will examine their use in nutritional epidemiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedapati S C Sri Harsha
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Roshaida Abdul Wahab
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Catalina Cuparencu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Christiansen CB, Gabe MBN, Svendsen B, Dragsted LO, Rosenkilde MM, Holst JJ. The impact of short-chain fatty acids on GLP-1 and PYY secretion from the isolated perfused rat colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G53-G65. [PMID: 29494208 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00346.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The colonic epithelium harbors a large number of endocrine cells, but little is known about the endocrine functions of the colon. However, the high density of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1)- and peptide-YY (PYY)-secreting L cells is of great interest because of the potential antidiabetic and antiobesity effects of GLP-1 and PYY. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by local bacterial fermentation are suggested to activate the colonic free fatty acid receptors FFAR2 (GPR43) and FFAR3 (GPR41), stimulating the colonic L cells. We used the isolated perfused rat colon as a model of colonic endocrine secretion and studied the effects of the predominant SCFAs formed: acetate, propionate, and butyrate. We show that luminal and especially vascular infusion of acetate and butyrate significantly increases colonic GLP-1 secretion, and to a minor extent also PYY secretion, but only after enhancement of intracellular cAMP. Propionate neither affected GLP-1 nor PYY secretion whether administered luminally or vascularly. A FFAR2- and FFAR3-specific agonist [( S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl- N-(5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)butamide (CFMB)/ AR420626 ] had no effect on colonic GLP-1 output, and a FFAR3 antagonist ( AR399519 ) did not decrease the SCFA-induced GLP-1 response. However, the voltage-gated Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine, the KATP-channel opener diazoxide, and the ATP synthesis inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol completely abolished the responses. FFAR2 receptor studies confirmed low-potent partial agonism of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, compared with CFMB, which is a full agonist with ~750-fold higher potency than the SCFAs. In conclusion, SCFAs may increase colonic GLP-1/PYY secretion, but FFAR2/FFAR3 do not seem to be involved. Rather, SCFAs are metabolized and appear to function as a colonocyte energy source. NEW & NOTEWORTHY By the use of in situ isolated perfused rat colon we show that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) primarily are used as a colonocyte energy source in the rat, subsequently triggering glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion independent of the free fatty acid receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3. Opposite many previous studies on SCFAs and FFAR2/FFAR3 and GLP-1 secretion, this experimental model allows investigation of the physiological interactions between luminal nutrients and secretion from cells whose function depend critically on their blood supply as well as nerve and paracrine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bayer Christiansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Maria Buur Nordskov Gabe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Berit Svendsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Mette Marie Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Zaharudin N, Salmeán AA, Dragsted LO. Inhibitory effects of edible seaweeds, polyphenolics and alginates on the activities of porcine pancreatic α-amylase. Food Chem 2018; 245:1196-1203. [PMID: 29287342 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Edible seaweeds are valuable because of their organoleptic properties and complex polysaccharide content. A study was conducted to investigate the potential of dried edible seaweed extracts, its potential phenolic compounds and alginates for α-amylase inhibitory effects. The kinetics of inhibition was assessed in comparison with acarbose. The methanol extract of Laminaria digitata and the acetone extract of Undaria pinnatifida showed inhibitory activity against α-amylase, IC50 0.74 ± 0.02 mg/ml and 0.81 ± 0.03 mg/ml, respectively; both showed mixed-type inhibition. Phenolic compound, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid was found to be a potent inhibitor of α-amylase with an IC50 value of 0.046 ± 0.004 mg/ml. Alginates found in brown seaweeds appeared to be potent inhibitors of α-amylase activity with an IC50 of (0.075 ± 0.010-0.103 ± 0.017) mg/ml, also a mixed-type inhibition. Overall, the findings provide information that crude extracts of brown edible seaweeds, phenolic compounds and alginates are potent α-amylase inhibitors, thereby potentially retarding glucose liberation from starches and alleviation of postprandial hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazikussabah Zaharudin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1958, Denmark; Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Armando Asunción Salmeán
- Department of Plant Glycobiology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1958, Denmark
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37
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Pekmez CT, Dragsted LO, Brahe LK. Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition - The role of short chain fatty acids. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:615-630. [PMID: 29496274 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome affects the health status of the host through different mechanisms and is associated with a wide variety of diseases. Both childhood undernutrition and obesity are linked to alterations in composition and functionality of the gut microbiome. One of the possible mechanisms underlying the interplay between microbiota and host metabolism is through appetite-regulating hormones (including leptin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1). Short chain fatty acids, the end product of bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, might be able to alter energy harvest and metabolism through enteroendocrine cell signaling, adipogenesis and insulin-like growth factor-1 production. Elucidating these mechanisms may lead to development of new modulation practices of the gut microbiota as a potential prevention and treatment strategy for childhood malnutrition. The present overview will briefly outline the gut microbiota development in the early life, gut microbiota alterations in childhood undernutrition and obesity, and whether this relationship is causal. Further we will discuss possible underlying mechanisms in relation to the gut-brain axis and short chain fatty acids, and the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics for modulating the gut microbiota during childhood as a prevention and treatment strategy against undernutrition and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Tugba Pekmez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lena Kirchner Brahe
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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38
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Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Brennan L, Drevon CA, van Kranen H, Manach C, Dragsted LO, Roche HM, Andres-Lacueva C, Bakker SJL, Bouwman J, Capozzi F, De Saeger S, Gundersen TE, Kolehmainen M, Kulling SE, Landberg R, Linseisen J, Mattivi F, Mensink RP, Scaccini C, Skurk T, Tetens I, Vergeres G, Wishart DS, Scalbert A, Feskens EJM. Combining traditional dietary assessment methods with novel metabolomics techniques: present efforts by the Food Biomarker Alliance. Proc Nutr Soc 2017; 76:619-627. [PMID: 29137687 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665117003949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
FFQ, food diaries and 24 h recall methods represent the most commonly used dietary assessment tools in human studies on nutrition and health, but food intake biomarkers are assumed to provide a more objective reflection of intake. Unfortunately, very few of these biomarkers are sufficiently validated. This review provides an overview of food intake biomarker research and highlights present research efforts of the Joint Programming Initiative 'A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life' (JPI-HDHL) Food Biomarkers Alliance (FoodBAll). In order to identify novel food intake biomarkers, the focus is on new food metabolomics techniques that allow the quantification of up to thousands of metabolites simultaneously, which may be applied in intervention and observational studies. As biomarkers are often influenced by various other factors than the food under investigation, FoodBAll developed a food intake biomarker quality and validity score aiming to assist the systematic evaluation of novel biomarkers. Moreover, to evaluate the applicability of nutritional biomarkers, studies are presently also focusing on associations between food intake biomarkers and diet-related disease risk. In order to be successful in these metabolomics studies, knowledge about available electronic metabolomics resources is necessary and further developments of these resources are essential. Ultimately, present efforts in this research area aim to advance quality control of traditional dietary assessment methods, advance compliance evaluation in nutritional intervention studies, and increase the significance of observational studies by investigating associations between nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elske M Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17,6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands
| | | | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Faculty of Medicine,University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway
| | - Henk van Kranen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment,Bilthoven,The Netherlands
| | - Claudine Manach
- INRA,UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit,Université Clermont Auvergne,Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition,Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Helen M Roche
- Nutrigenomics Research Group,UCD Institute of Food and Health,School of Public Health,Physiotherapy and Sports Science,Belfield,Dublin 4,Ireland
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory,Department of Nutrition,Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA,Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine,University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- TNO,Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research,Zeist,The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Capozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science,University of Bologna,Italy
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Bioanalysis,Ghent University,Ghent,Belgium
| | | | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- University of Eastern Finland,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition,Clinical Nutrition,Kuopio,Finland
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Max Rubner-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ernährung und Lebensmittel,Karlsruhe,Germany
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science,Chalmers University of Technology,Gothenburg,Sweden
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Institute of Epidemiology II,Helmholtz Centre Munich,Neuherberg,Germany
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach,Department of Food Quality and Nutrition,Research and Innovation Centre,San Michele all'Adige,Italy
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Human Biology,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism,Maastricht University Medical Center,Maastricht,The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Scaccini
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Food and Nutrition Research Center,Roma,Italy
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health,Core Facility Human Studies,Nutritional Medicine,Technical University of Munich,Freising,Germany
| | - Inge Tetens
- Division of Food,Disease Prevention and Toxicology,National Food Institute,Technical University of Denmark,Kongens Lyngby,Denmark
| | - Guy Vergeres
- Agroscope,Institute for Food Sciences IFS,Bern,Switzerland
| | - David S Wishart
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Computing Science,University of Alberta,Edmonton,Canada
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer,Nutrition and Metabolism Section,Lyon,France
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17,6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands
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39
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Jiang P, Trimigno A, Stanstrup J, Khakimov B, Viereck N, Engelsen SB, Sangild PT, Dragsted LO. Antibiotic Treatment Preventing Necrotising Enterocolitis Alters Urinary and Plasma Metabolomes in Preterm Pigs. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3547-3557. [PMID: 28871782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gut inflammatory condition in premature neonates, onset and development of which depend on the gut microbiome. Attenuation of the gut microbiome by antibiotics can reduce NEC incidence and severity. However, how the antibiotics-suppressed gut microbiome affects the whole-body metabolism in NEC-sensitive premature neonates is unknown. In formula-fed preterm pigs, used as a model for preterm infants, plasma and urinary metabolomes were investigated by LC-MS and 1H NMR, with and without antibiotic treatment immediately after birth. While it reduced the gut microbiome density and NEC lesions as previously reported, the antibiotic treatment employed in the current study affected the abundance of 44 metabolites in different metabolic pathways. In antibiotics-treated pigs, tryptophan metabolism favored the kynurenine pathway, relative to the serotonin pathway, as shown by specific metabolites. Metabolites associated with the gut microbiome, including 3-phenyllactic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and phenylacetylglycine, all from phenylalanine, and three bile acids showed lower levels in the antibiotics-treated pigs where the gut microbiome was extensively attenuated. Findings in the current study warrant further investigation of metabolic and developmental consequences of antibiotic treatment in preterm neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Trimigno
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna , Campus di Scienze degli Alimenti, Cesena, Italy
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40
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Yang C, Pinart M, Kolsteren P, Van Camp J, De Cock N, Nimptsch K, Pischon T, Laird E, Perozzi G, Canali R, Hoge A, Stelmach-Mardas M, Dragsted LO, Palombi SM, Dobre I, Bouwman J, Clarys P, Minervini F, De Angelis M, Gobbetti M, Tafforeau J, Coltell O, Corella D, De Ruyck H, Walton J, Kehoe L, Matthys C, De Baets B, De Tré G, Bronselaer A, Rivellese A, Giacco R, Lombardo R, De Clercq S, Hulstaert N, Lachat C. Perspective: Essential Study Quality Descriptors for Data from Nutritional Epidemiologic Research. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:639-651. [PMID: 28916566 PMCID: PMC5593109 DOI: 10.3945/an.117.015651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pooled analysis of secondary data increases the power of research and enables scientific discovery in nutritional epidemiology. Information on study characteristics that determine data quality is needed to enable correct reuse and interpretation of data. This study aims to define essential quality characteristics for data from observational studies in nutrition. First, a literature review was performed to get an insight on existing instruments that assess the quality of cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies and dietary measurement. Second, 2 face-to-face workshops were organized to determine the study characteristics that affect data quality. Third, consensus on the data descriptors and controlled vocabulary was obtained. From 4884 papers retrieved, 26 relevant instruments, containing 164 characteristics for study design and 93 characteristics for measurements, were selected. The workshop and consensus process resulted in 10 descriptors allocated to "study design" and 22 to "measurement" domains. Data descriptors were organized as an ordinal scale of items to facilitate the identification, storage, and querying of nutrition data. Further integration of an Ontology for Nutrition Studies will facilitate interoperability of data repositories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Departments of Food Safety and Food Quality
| | - Mariona Pinart
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany;,Charité – Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany;,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eamon Laird
- Vitamin Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Axelle Hoge
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany;,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Stéphanie Maria Palombi
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Irina Dobre
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, Netherlands
| | | | - Fabio Minervini
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jean Tafforeau
- Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oscar Coltell
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, University Jaume I, Castellón, Spain;,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain;,Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hendrik De Ruyck
- Flanders research institute for agriculture, fisheries and food, Technology and Food Science Unit, Food Safety and Product Innovation, Melle, Belgium
| | - Janette Walton
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura Kehoe
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christophe Matthys
- KU Leuven, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and University Hospitals Leuven/KU Leuven, Department of Endocrinology, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Guy De Tré
- Telecommunications and Information Processing, and
| | | | - Angela Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giacco
- Institute of Food Sciences of National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Rosario Lombardo
- The Microsoft Research, University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology, Trento, Italy
| | - Sofian De Clercq
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent, Belgium; and
| | - Niels Hulstaert
- Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;,VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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41
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Acar E, Gürdeniz G, Savorani F, Hansen L, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Dragsted LO, Bro R. Forecasting Chronic Diseases Using Data Fusion. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2435-2444. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Acar
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department
of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Louise Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department
of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Bro
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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42
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Kopp TI, Vogel U, Dragsted LO, Tjonneland A, Ravn-Haren G. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the antioxidant genes CAT, GR and SOD1, erythrocyte enzyme activities, dietary and life style factors and breast cancer risk in a Danish, prospective cohort study. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62984-62997. [PMID: 28968965 PMCID: PMC5609897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to estrogens and alcohol consumption - the two only well-established risk factors for breast cancer - are capable of causing oxidative stress, which has been linked to progression of breast cancer. Here, five functional polymorphisms in the antioxidant genes SOD1, CAT and GSR were investigated in 703 breast cancer case-control pairs in the Danish, prospective “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort together with gene-environment interactions between the polymorphisms, enzyme activities and intake of fruits and vegetables, alcohol and smoking in relation to breast cancer risk. Our results showed that genetically determined variations in the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD1, CAT and GSR were not associated with risk of breast cancer per se. However, intake of alcohol, fruit and vegetables, and smoking status interacted with some of the polymorphisms in relation to breast cancer risk. Four polymorphisms were strongly associated with enzyme activity, but there was no interaction between any of the studied environmental factors and the polymorphisms in relation to enzyme activity. Additionally, single measurement of enzyme activity at entry to the cohort was not associated with risk of breast cancer. Our results therefore suggest that the antioxidant enzyme activities studied here are not major determinants of breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup, Denmark.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
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Lerche L, Olsen A, Petersen KEN, Rostgaard-Hansen AL, Dragsted LO, Nordsborg NB, Tjønneland A, Halkjaer J. Validity of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in the Danish cohort "Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations". Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 27:1864-1872. [PMID: 28267247 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Valid assessments of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are essential in epidemiological studies to define dose-response relationship for formulating thorough recommendations of an appropriate pattern of PA to maintain good health. The aim of this study was to validate the Danish step test, the physical activity questionnaire Active-Q, and self-rated fitness against directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). A population-based subsample (n=125) was included from the "Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations" (DCH-NG) cohort which is under establishment. Validity coefficients, which express the correlation between measured and "true" exposure, were calculated, and misclassification across categories was evaluated. The validity of the Danish step test was moderate (women: r=.66, and men: r=.56); however, men were systematically underestimated (43% misclassification). When validating the questionnaire-derived measures of PA, leisure-time physical activity was not correlated with VO2 max. Positive correlations were found for sports overall, but these were only significant for men: total hours per week of sports (r=.26), MET-hours per week of sports (r=.28) and vigorous sports (0.28) alone were positively correlated with VO2 max. Finally, the percentage of misclassification was low for self-rated fitness (women: 9% and men: 13%). Thus, self-rated fitness was found to be a superior method to the Danish step test, as well as being less cost prohibitive and more practical than the VO2 max method. Finally, even if correlations were low, they support the potential for questionnaire outcomes, particularly sports, vigorous sports, and self-rated fitness to be used to estimate CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lerche
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A Olsen
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - K E N Petersen
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A L Rostgaard-Hansen
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - L O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - N B Nordsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - A Tjønneland
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - J Halkjaer
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department
of Nutrition, Sports and Exercise, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg
C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Morten Georg Jensen
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory A/S, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 6-10, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lene Bech
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory A/S, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 6-10, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Erik Lund
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory A/S, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 6-10, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department
of Nutrition, Sports and Exercise, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg
C, 1958, Denmark
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46
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Kopp TI, Jensen DM, Ravn-Haren G, Cohen A, Sommer HM, Dragsted LO, Tjonneland A, Hougaard DM, Vogel U. Alcohol-related breast cancer in postmenopausal women - effect of CYP19A1, PPARG and PPARGC1A polymorphisms on female sex-hormone levels and interaction with alcohol consumption and NSAID usage in a nested case-control study and a randomised controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:283. [PMID: 27102200 PMCID: PMC4839098 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of breast cancer (BC), and the underlying mechanism is thought to be sex-hormone driven. In vitro and observational studies suggest a mechanism involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in a complex with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and interaction with aromatase (encoded by CYP19A1). Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) may also affect circulating sex-hormone levels by modifying PPARγ activity. Methods In the present study we assessed whether genetic variation in CYP19A1 is associated with risk of BC in a case-control study group nested within the Danish “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort (ncases = 687 and ncontrols = 687) and searched for gene-gene interaction between CYP19A1 and PPARGC1A, and CYP19A1 and PPARG, and gene-alcohol and gene-NSAID interactions. Association between the CYP19A1 polymorphisms and hormone levels was also examined among 339 non-HRT users. Incidence rate ratios were calculated based on Cox’ proportional hazards model. Furthermore, we performed a pilot randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism and the PPARγ stimulator Ibuprofen on sex-hormone levels following alcohol intake in postmenopausal women (n = 25) using linear regression. Results Genetic variations in CYP19A1 were associated with hormone levels (estrone: Prs11070844 = 0.009, estrone sulphate: Prs11070844 = 0.01, Prs749292 = 0.004, Prs1062033 = 0.007 and Prs10519297 = 0.03, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG): Prs3751591 = 0.03) and interacted with alcohol intake in relation to hormone levels (estrone sulphate: Pinteraction/rs2008691 = 0.02 and Pinteraction/rs1062033= 0.03, and SHBG: Pinteraction/rs11070844 = 0.03). CYP19A1/rs3751591 was both associated with SHBG levels (P = 0.03) and with risk of BC (Incidence Rate Ratio = 2.12; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.02–4.43) such that homozygous variant allele carriers had increased levels of serum SHBG and were at increased risk of BC. Acute intake of alcohol decreased blood estrone (P = <0.0001), estrone sulphate (P = <0.0001), and SHBG (P = 0.009) levels, whereas Ibuprofen intake and PPARG Pro12Ala genotype had no effect on hormone levels. Conclusions Our results suggest that genetically determined variation in CYP19A1 is associated with differences in sex hormone levels. However, the genetically determined differences in sex hormone levels were not convincingly associated with BC risk. The results therefore indicate that the genetically determined variation in CYP19A1 contributes little to BC risk and to alcohol-mediated BC risk. Trial registration NCT02463383, June 3, 2015. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2317-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Søborg, Denmark. .,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Ditte Marie Jensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Arieh Cohen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - David Michael Hougaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of the leading nutrition-related causes of death in children under five years of age. The clinical features of SAM are well documented, but a comprehensive understanding of the development from a normal physiological state to SAM is lacking. Characterizing the temporal metabolomic change may help to understand the disease progression and to define nutritional rehabilitation strategies. Using a piglet model we hypothesized that a progressing degree of malnutrition induces marked plasma metabolite changes. Four-week-old weaned pigs were fed a nutrient-deficient maize diet (MAL) or nutritionally optimized reference diet (REF) for 7 weeks. Plasma collected weekly was subjected to LC-MS for a nontargeted profiling of metabolites with abundance differentiation. The MAL pigs showed markedly reduced body-weight gain and lean-mass proportion relative to the REF pigs. Levels of eight essential and four nonessential amino acids showed a time-dependent deviation in the MAL pigs from that in the REF. Choline metabolites and gut microbiomic metabolites generally showed higher abundance in the MAL pigs. The results demonstrated that young malnourished pigs had a profoundly perturbed metabolism, and this provides basic knowledge about metabolic changes during malnourishment, which may be of help in designing targeted therapeutic foods for refeeding malnourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 68 Dyrlægevej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jan Stanstrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen , 30 Rolighedsvej, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Thymann
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 68 Dyrlægevej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Per Torp Sangild
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 68 Dyrlægevej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen , 30 Rolighedsvej, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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48
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Rakvaag E, Dragsted LO. Acute effects of light and dark roasted coffee on glucose tolerance: a randomized, controlled crossover trial in healthy volunteers. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2221-30. [PMID: 26342706 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological evidence suggests that coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Coffee contains caffeine and several other components that may modulate glucose regulation. The chlorogenic acids (CGA) in coffee have been indicated as constituents that may help to normalize the acute glucose response after a carbohydrate challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether two coffee beverages that differ in CGA content due to different roasting degrees will differentially affect glucose regulation. METHODS In a controlled crossover trial, 11 healthy fasted volunteers consumed 300 mL of either light (LIR) or dark (DAR) roasted coffee, or water, followed 30 min later by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Blood samples were drawn at baseline, 30, 60, and 120 min. Differences in glucose and insulin responses and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were analyzed. The CGA and caffeine contents in the coffees were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS No differences in glucose area under the curve (AUC) were found between treatments. Glucose concentrations were higher at 60 min after ingestion of DAR compared with water, while ingestion of LIR showed similar glucose concentrations as ingestion of water. Insulin AUC was higher after ingestion of DAR compared with water, and both coffees raised insulin concentrations and reduced ISI compared with water, with no difference between the two coffees. CONCLUSION Two coffees with different CGA contents did not differentially affect glucose or insulin responses during an OGTT, but both increased the insulin response compared with water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Rakvaag
- Institute for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Institute for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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49
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Jespersen L, Tarnow I, Eskesen D, Morberg CM, Michelsen B, Bügel S, Dragsted LO, Rijkers GT, Calder PC. Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:1188-96. [PMID: 25926507 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics can modulate the immune system in healthy individuals and may help reduce symptoms related to respiratory infections. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 (Chr. Hansen A/S) (hereafter, L. casei 431) on immune response to influenza vaccination and respiratory symptoms in healthy adults. DESIGN A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 1104 healthy subjects aged 18-60 y at 2 centers in Germany and Denmark. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive an acidified milk drink containing ≥10(9) colony-forming units of L. casei 431 (n = 553) or placebo (n = 551) for 42 d. After 21 d, subjects received the seasonal influenza vaccination. The primary outcome was seroprotection rate (anti-influenza antibody titers by hemagglutination inhibition) 21 d after vaccination. Other outcomes were seroconversion rate and mean titers, influenza A-specific antibodies and incidence, and duration and severity of upper respiratory symptoms. Antibiotic use and use of health care resources were recorded. RESULTS There was no effect of L. casei 431 on immune responses to influenza vaccination. Generalized linear mixed modeling showed a shorter duration of upper respiratory symptoms in the probiotic group than in the placebo group (mean ± SD: 6.4 ± 6.1 vs. 7.3 ± 9.7 d, P = 0.0059) in the last 3 wk of the intervention period. No statistically significant differences were found for incidence or severity. CONCLUSIONS Daily consumption of L. casei 431 resulted in no observable effect on the components of the immune response to influenza vaccination but reduced the duration of upper respiratory symptoms. The trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN08280229.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Jespersen
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Inge Tarnow
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Dorte Eskesen
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Cathrine Melsaether Morberg
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC).
| | - Birgit Michelsen
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Susanne Bügel
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Ger T Rijkers
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
| | - Philip C Calder
- From Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark (LJ, IT, DE, CMM, and BM); Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (SB and LOD); Department of Sciences, Roosevelt Academy, Middelburg, The Netherlands (GTR); Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom (PCC)
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50
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Lankinen M, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Paananen J, Nygren H, Seppänen-Laakso T, Poutanen K, Hyötyläinen T, Risérus U, Savolainen MJ, Hukkanen J, Brader L, Marklund M, Rosqvist F, Hermansen K, Cloetens L, Önning G, Thorsdottir I, Gunnarsdottir I, Åkesson B, Dragsted LO, Uusitupa M, Orešič M. A Healthy Nordic Diet Alters the Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Adults with Features of Metabolic Syndrome in a Multicenter Randomized Dietary Intervention. J Nutr 2015; 146:662-672. [PMID: 26962194 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.220459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy Nordic diet is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, but the effect on lipidomic profile is not known. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate how a healthy Nordic diet affects the fasting plasma lipidomic profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome. METHODS Men and women (n = 200) with features of metabolic syndrome [mean age: 55 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.6] were randomly assigned to either a healthy Nordic (n = 104) or a control (n = 96) diet for 18 or 24 wk at 6 centers. Of the participants, 156 completed the study with plasma lipidomic measurements. The healthy Nordic diet consisted of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, berries, vegetable oils and margarines, fish, low-fat milk products, and low-fat meat. An average Nordic diet served as the control diet and included low-fiber cereal products, dairy fat-based spreads, regular-fat milk products, and a limited amount of fruits, vegetables, and berries. Lipidomic profiles were measured at baseline, week 12, and the end of the intervention (18 or 24 wk) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The effects of the diets on the lipid variables were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. Data from centers with 18- or 24-wk duration were also analyzed separately. RESULTS Changes in 21 plasma lipids differed significantly between the groups at week 12 (false discovery rate P < 0.05), including increases in plasmalogens and decreases in ceramides in the healthy Nordic diet group compared with the control group. At the end of the study, changes in lipidomic profiles did not differ between the groups. However, when the intervention lasted 24 wk, changes in 8 plasma lipids that had been identified at 12 wk, including plasmalogens, were sustained. There were no differences in changes in plasma lipids between groups with an intervention of 18 wk. By the dietary biomarker score, adherence to diet did not explain the difference in the results related to the duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS A healthy Nordic diet transiently modified the plasma lipidomic profile, specifically by increasing the concentrations of antioxidative plasmalogens and decreasing insulin resistance-inducing ceramides. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lankinen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heli Nygren
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Kaisa Poutanen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Brader
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lieselotte Cloetens
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Önning
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Faculty of Science, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
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