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Zhao L, Wang G, Qi H, Yu L, Yin H, Sun R, Wang H, Zhu X, Yang A. LINC00330/CCL2 axis-mediated ESCC TAM reprogramming affects tumor progression. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:77. [PMID: 38769475 PMCID: PMC11103861 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the progression, metastasis, and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ESCC has been established, yet the role of lncRNAs in TAM reprogramming during ESCC progression remains largely unexplored. METHODS ESCC TAM-related lncRNAs were identified by intersecting differentially expressed lncRNAs with immune-related lncRNAs and performing immune cell infiltration analysis. The expression profile and clinical relevance of LINC00330 were examined using the TCGA database and clinical samples. The LINC00330 overexpression and interference sequences were constructed to evaluate the effect of LINC00330 on ESCC progression. Single-cell sequencing data, CIBERSORTx, and GEPIA were utilized to analyze immune cell infiltration within the ESCC tumor microenvironment and to assess the correlation between LINC00330 and TAM infiltration. ESCC-macrophage coculture experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of LINC00330 on TAM reprogramming and its subsequent effect on ESCC progression. The interaction between LINC00330 and C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was confirmed through transcriptomic sequencing, subcellular localization analysis, RNA pulldown, silver staining, RNA immunoprecipitation, and other experiments. RESULTS LINC00330 is significantly downregulated in ESCC tissues and strongly associated with poor patient outcomes. Overexpression of LINC00330 inhibits ESCC progression, including proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumorigenicity in vivo. LINC00330 promotes TAM reprogramming, and LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming inhibits ESCC progression. LINC00330 binds to the CCL2 protein and inhibits the expression of CCL2 and downstream signaling pathways. CCL2 is critical for LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming and ESCC progression. CONCLUSIONS LINC00330 inhibited ESCC progression by disrupting the CCL2/CCR2 axis and its downstream signaling pathways in an autocrine fashion; and by impeding CCL2-mediated TAM reprogramming in a paracrine manner. The new mechanism of TAM reprogramming mediated by the LINC00330/CCL2 axis may provide potential strategies for targeted and immunocombination therapies for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Gengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haonan Qi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Huilong Yin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ruili Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Angang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
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2
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Li C, Zhu X. DEP domain containing 1 as a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30642. [PMID: 38765113 PMCID: PMC11101781 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The DEP domain-containing 1 (DEPDC1) gene is essential in the development and advancement of different types of cancer. This study is to examine the levels of DEPDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and to determine its relationship with clinical results and immune response. The goal is to assess its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD. Methods By comprehensively utilizing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gene Expression Synthesis (GEO), UALCAN, cBioPortal, TISIDB databases and online platforms, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis to investigate DEPDC1 gene survival analysis, prognostic diagnosis, prognostic survival, immune cell infiltration, DNA methylation, and the correlation of genetic mutations in LUAD. The results were validated through cell assay and immunohistochemical staining. Results DEPDC1 shows high levels of expression in the majority of tumors, with its expression being notably elevated in LUAD compablue to normal tissues. The expression of DEPDC1 varies based on the clinical characteristics of patients with LUAD. DEPDC1 expression affects the survival prognosis and prognostic model construction of LUAD patients. In addition, the presence of DEPDC1 is linked to immune infiltration. Various chemokines and chemokine receptors, immunoinhibitors and immune-stimulators in LUAD are significantly correlated with DEPDC1 methylation levels. Cell experiments confirmed through qPCR that the mRNA expression of DEPDC1 in LUAD was markedly elevated in comparison to the normal population, and immunohistochemistry showed positive DEPDC1 expression in LUAD pathological sections. Conclusion Systematic analysis and experiments have verified that DEPDC1 serves as a biomarker for detecting early, prediction of survival, and evaluation of immune cell infiltration in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixian Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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Khorami-Sarvestani S, Vanaki N, Shojaeian S, Zarnani K, Stensballe A, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zarnani AH. Placenta: an old organ with new functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385762. [PMID: 38707901 PMCID: PMC11066266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from oviparity to viviparity and the establishment of feto-maternal communications introduced the placenta as the major anatomical site to provide nutrients, gases, and hormones to the developing fetus. The placenta has endocrine functions, orchestrates maternal adaptations to pregnancy at different periods of pregnancy, and acts as a selective barrier to minimize exposure of developing fetus to xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. Despite the fact that this ancient organ is central for establishment of a normal pregnancy in eutherians, the placenta remains one of the least studied organs. The first step of pregnancy, embryo implantation, is finely regulated by the trophoectoderm, the precursor of all trophoblast cells. There is a bidirectional communication between placenta and endometrium leading to decidualization, a critical step for maintenance of pregnancy. There are three-direction interactions between the placenta, maternal immune cells, and the endometrium for adaptation of endometrial immune system to the allogeneic fetus. While 65% of all systemically expressed human proteins have been found in the placenta tissues, it expresses numerous placenta-specific proteins, whose expression are dramatically changed in gestational diseases and could serve as biomarkers for early detection of gestational diseases. Surprisingly, placentation and carcinogenesis exhibit numerous shared features in metabolism and cell behavior, proteins and molecular signatures, signaling pathways, and tissue microenvironment, which proposes the concept of "cancer as ectopic trophoblastic cells". By extensive researches in this novel field, a handful of cancer biomarkers has been discovered. This review paper, which has been inspired in part by our extensive experiences during the past couple of years, highlights new aspects of placental functions with emphasis on its immunomodulatory role in establishment of a successful pregnancy and on a potential link between placentation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khorami-Sarvestani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Vanaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kayhan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Deng L, Ren J, Li B, Wang Y, Jiang N, Wang Y, Cui H. Predictive value of CCL2 in the prognosis and immunotherapy response of glioblastoma multiforme. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:746. [PMID: 38057698 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis. The C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) has shown abnormal expression associated with progression of multiple malignancies, however, its role in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy response of GBM remains poorly understood. RESULTS CCL2 was highly expressed in GBM as analyzed by integrating CGGA, GEPIA and UALCAN online platforms, and further verified by histologic examinations, qRT-PCR analysis, and independent GEO datasets. CCL2 could serve as an independent prognostic factor for both the poor overall survival and progression-free survival of GBM patients based on TCGA data, univariate and multivariate cox analyses. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that CCL2 mainly participated in the regulation of chemokine signaling pathway and inflammatory response. Further, CCL2 expression was positively correlated with CD4 T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and myeloid dendritic cells infiltrating GBM as calculated by the TIMER2.0 algorithm. Importantly, the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm showed that in CCL2-high GBM group, the expression of CD274, CTLA4, HAVCR2 and other immune checkpoints were significantly increased, and the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy was accordingly more responsive. CONCLUSIONS CCL2 can be used as a predictor of prognosis as well as immunotherapy response in GBM, offering potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Deng
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Benqin Li
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yinggang Wang
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Nianfen Jiang
- Health Management Center, Southwest University Hospital, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400799, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Chen Y, Zhou J, Liu Z, Wu T, Li S, Zhang Y, Yin X, Yang G, Zhang G. Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation accelerates hematogenous metastasis of malignant melanoma by triggering macrophage recruitment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:277. [PMID: 37872588 PMCID: PMC10591353 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) is not only a recognized mechanism for paraneoplastic thrombocytosis but also a potential breakthrough alternative for a low response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in hematogenous metastasis of malignant melanoma (MM). However, there is no TCIPA-specific model for further investigation of the relationship among TCIPA, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and metastasis. METHODS We developed a TCIPA metastatic melanoma model with advanced hematogenous metastasis and enhanced TCIPA characteristics. We also investigated the pathway for TCIPA in the TIME. RESULTS We found that TCIPA triggers the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to lung metastases by secreting B16 cell-educated platelet-derived chemokines such as CCL2, SDF-1, and IL-1β. Larger quantities of TAMs in the TCIPA model were polarized to the M2 type by B16 cell reprocessing, and their surface programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was upregulated, ultimately assisting B16 cells in escaping host immunity and accelerating MM hematogenous metastasis. CONCLUSIONS TCIPA accelerates MM lung metastasis via tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), triggering TAM recruitment, promoting TAM polarization (M2), and remodeling the suppressive TIME in lung metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zishen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shumeng Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yin
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guowang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ganlin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Rechberger JS, Toll SA, Vanbilloen WJF, Daniels DJ, Khatua S. Exploring the Molecular Complexity of Medulloblastoma: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2398. [PMID: 37510143 PMCID: PMC10378552 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Over the last few decades, significant progress has been made in revealing the key molecular underpinnings of this disease, leading to the identification of distinct molecular subgroups with different clinical outcomes. In this review, we provide an update on the molecular landscape of medulloblastoma and treatment strategies. We discuss the four main molecular subgroups (WNT-activated, SHH-activated, and non-WNT/non-SHH groups 3 and 4), highlighting the key genetic alterations and signaling pathways associated with each entity. Furthermore, we explore the emerging role of epigenetic regulation in medulloblastoma and the mechanism of resistance to therapy. We also delve into the latest developments in targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Continuing collaborative efforts are needed to further unravel the complex molecular mechanisms and profile optimal treatment for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian S Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stephanie A Toll
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wouter J F Vanbilloen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, 5022 Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Soumen Khatua
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Section of Neuro-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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7
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Li H, Zhang Y, Xie J, Wang C, Yi D, Wu T, Wang L, Zhao D, Hou Y. Dietary Supplementation with Mono-Lactate Glyceride Enhances Intestinal Function of Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081303. [PMID: 37106866 PMCID: PMC10135088 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mono-lactate glyceride (LG) is a short-chain fatty acid ester. It has been shown that short-chain fatty acid esters play an important role in maintaining intestinal structure and function. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mono-lactate glyceride on growth performance and intestinal morphology and function in weaned piglets. Sixteen 21-day-old weaned piglets of similar weight were distributed arbitrarily to two treatments: The control group (basal diet) and the LG group (basal diet + 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride). The experiment lasted for 21 days. On day 21 of the trial, piglets were weighed, and blood and intestinal samples were collected for further analysis. Results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride decreased (p < 0.05) the diarrhea rate and the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in the ileum and jejunum and increased (p < 0.05) the expression of intestinal tight junction protein (Occludin) and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the ileum and colon. In addition, mono-lactate glyceride supplementation could enhance intestinal mucosal growth by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases, promote intestinal mucosal water and nutrient transport and lipid metabolism by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of b0,+ amino acid transporter, aquaporin 3, aquaporin 10, gap junction protein alpha 1, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, and lipoprotein lipase, enhance antiviral and immune function by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of nuclear factor kappa-B, interferon-β, mucovirus resistance protein II, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like, interferon-γ, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and toll-like receptor 4, and enhance antioxidant capacity by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 and glutathione S-transferase omega 2 and decreasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA level of NADPH oxidase 2. These results suggested that dietary supplementation with mono-lactate glyceride could decrease the diarrhea rate by improving intestinal antioxidant capacity, intestinal mucosal barrier, intestinal immune defense function, and intestinal mucosal water and nutrient transport. Collectively, dietary supplementation with 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride improved the intestinal function of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Li
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jiaqian Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Fan Y, Li Y, Yao X, Jin J, Scott A, Liu B, Wang S, Huo L, Wang Y, Wang R, Pool Pizzi M, Ma L, Shao S, Sewastjanow-Silva M, Waters R, Chatterjee D, Liu B, Shanbhag N, Peng G, Calin GA, Mazur PK, Hanash SM, Ishizawa J, Hirata Y, Nagano O, Wang Z, Wang L, Xian W, McKeon F, Ajani JA, Song S. Epithelial SOX9 drives progression and metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma by promoting immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Gut 2023; 72:624-637. [PMID: 36002248 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many cancers engage embryonic genes for rapid growth and evading the immune system. SOX9 has been upregulated in many tumours, yet the role of SOX9 in mediating immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is unclear. Here, we aim to dissect the role of SOX9-mediated cancer stemness attributes and immunosuppressive microenvironment in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) for novel therapeutic discoveries. METHODS Bulk RNAseq/scRNA-seq, patient-derived cells/models and extensive functional studies were used to identify the expression and functions of SOX9 and its target genes in vitro and in vivo. Immune responses were studied in PBMCs or CD45+ immune cells cocultured with tumour cells with SOX9high or knockout and the KP-Luc2 syngeneic models were used for efficacy of combinations. RESULTS SOX9 is one of the most upregulated SOX genes in GAC and highly expressed in primary and metastatic tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Depletion of SOX9 in patient-derived GAC cells significantly decreased cancer stemness attributes, tumour formation and metastases and consistently increased CD8+ T cell responses when cocultured with PBMCs/CD45+ cells from GAC patients. RNA sequencing identified the leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as the top secreted molecule regulated by SOX9 in tumour cells and was enriched in malignant ascites and mediated SOX9-induced M2 macrophage repolarisation and inhibited T cell function. CONCLUSION Epithelial SOX9 is critical in suppressing CD8+ T cell responses and modified macrophage function in GAC through the paracrine LIF factor. Cotargeting LIF/LIFR and CSF1R has great potential in targeting SOX9-mediated cancer stemness, T cell immunosuppression and metastases suggesting the novel combination therapy against advanced GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiangkang Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ailing Scott
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bovey Liu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Longfei Huo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Departments of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa Pool Pizzi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shan Shao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matheus Sewastjanow-Silva
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Waters
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deyali Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epigenet & Mol Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Namita Shanbhag
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pawel Karol Mazur
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jo Ishizawa
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuki Hirata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Osamu Nagano
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Linghua Wang
- Departments of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wa Xian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frank McKeon
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Kurdi M, Mulla N, Malibary H, Bamaga AK, Fadul MM, Faizo E, Hakamy S, Baeesa S. Immune microenvironment of medulloblastoma: The association between its molecular subgroups and potential targeted immunotherapeutic receptors. World J Clin Oncol 2023; 14:117-130. [PMID: 37009528 PMCID: PMC10052334 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i3.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is considered the commonest malignant brain tumor in children. Multimodal treatments consisting of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have improved patients’ survival. Nevertheless, the recurrence occurs in 30% of cases. The persistent mortality rates, the failure of current therapies to extend life expectancy, and the serious complications of non-targeted cytotoxic treatment indicate the need for more refined therapeutic approaches. Most MBs originating from the neurons of external granular layer line the outer surface of neocerebellum and responsible for the afferent and efferent connections. Recently, MBs have been segregated into four molecular subgroups: Wingless-activated (WNT-MB) (Group 1); Sonic-hedgehog-activated (SHH-MB) (Group 2); Group 3 and 4 MBs. These molecular alterations follow specific gene mutations and disease-risk stratifications. The current treatment protocols and ongoing clinical trials against these molecular subgroups are still using common chemotherapeutic agents by which their efficacy have improved the progression-free survival but did not change the overall survival. However, the need to explore new therapies targeting specific receptors in MB microenvironment became essential. The immune microenvironment of MBs consists of distinctive cellular heterogeneities including immune cells and none-immune cells. Tumour associate macrophage and tumour infiltrating lymphocyte are considered the main principal cells in tumour microenvironment, and their role are still under investigation. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of interaction between MB cells and immune cells in the microenvironment, with an overview of the recent investigations and clinical trials
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Kurdi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 213733, Saudi Arabia
- Neuromuscular Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Mulla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Malibary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K Bamaga
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Motaz M Fadul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyad Faizo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabuk University, Tabuk 213733, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Hakamy
- Neurmuscular Unit, Center of Excellence of Genomic Medicine, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Baeesa
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Astrain-Redin N, Sanmartin C, Sharma AK, Plano D. From Natural Sources to Synthetic Derivatives: The Allyl Motif as a Powerful Tool for Fragment-Based Design in Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3703-3731. [PMID: 36858050 PMCID: PMC10041541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of history, natural products have been an abundant source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of different diseases, including cancer. Many allyl derivatives, which have shown anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo in a large number of cancers, are bioactive molecules found in garlic, cinnamon, nutmeg, or mustard. In addition, synthetic products containing allyl fragments have been developed showing potent anticancer properties. Of particular note is the allyl derivative 17-AAG, which has been evaluated in Phase I and Phase II/III clinical trials for the treatment of multiple myeloma, metastatic melanoma, renal cancer, and breast cancer. In this Perspective, we compile extensive literature evidence with descriptions and discussions of the most recent advances in different natural and synthetic allyl derivatives that could generate cancer drug candidates in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Astrain-Redin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
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11
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Abstract
Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant. Clinical correlative data and a plethora of preclinical studies in mouse models of cancers have shown that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a cancer-promoting role. Within the primary tumour, TAMs promote tumour cell invasion and intravasation and tumour stem cell viability and induce angiogenesis. At the metastatic site, metastasis-associated macrophages promote extravasation, tumour cell survival and persistent growth, as well as maintain tumour cell dormancy in some contexts. In both the primary and metastatic sites, TAMs are suppressive to the activities of cytotoxic T and natural killer cells that have the potential to eradicate tumours. Such activities suggest that TAMs will be a major target for therapeutic intervention. In this Perspective article, we chronologically explore the evolution of our understanding of TAM biology put into the context of major enabling advances in macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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12
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Cho SK, Lee K, Woo JH, Choi JH. Macrophages Promote Ovarian Cancer-Mesothelial Cell Adhesion by Upregulation of ITGA2 and VEGFC in Mesothelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:384. [PMID: 36766725 PMCID: PMC9913165 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a metastatic disease that frequently exhibits extensive peritoneal dissemination. Recent studies have revealed that noncancerous cells inside the tumor microenvironment, such as macrophages and mesothelial cells, may play a role in ovarian cancer metastasis. In this study, we found that human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and SKOV3) adhered more to human mesothelial Met5A cells stimulated by macrophages (M-Met5A) in comparison to unstimulated control Met5A cells. The mRNA sequencing revealed that 94 adhesion-related genes, including FMN1, ITGA2, COL13A1, VEGFC, and NRG1, were markedly upregulated in M-Met5A cells. Knockdown of ITGA2 and VEGFC in M-Met5A cells significantly inhibited the adhesion of ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition of the JNK and Akt signaling pathways suppressed ITGA2 and VEGFC expression in M-Met5A cells as well as ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion. Furthermore, increased production of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CCL5 by macrophages elevated ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion. These findings imply that macrophages may play a significant role in ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion by inducing the mesothelial expression of adhesion-related genes via the JNK and Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kye Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijun Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Woo
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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13
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Cao J, Chow L, Dow S. Strategies to overcome myeloid cell induced immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1116016. [PMID: 37114134 PMCID: PMC10126309 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1116016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression and metastasis due to tumor immune evasion and drug resistance is strongly associated with immune suppressive cellular responses, particularly in the case of metastatic tumors. The myeloid cell component plays a key role within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and disrupts both adaptive and innate immune cell responses leading to loss of tumor control. Therefore, strategies to eliminate or modulate the myeloid cell compartment of the TME are increasingly attractive to non-specifically increase anti-tumoral immunity and enhance existing immunotherapies. This review covers current strategies targeting myeloid suppressor cells in the TME to enhance anti-tumoral immunity, including strategies that target chemokine receptors to deplete selected immune suppressive myeloid cells and relieve the inhibition imposed on the effector arms of adaptive immunity. Remodeling the TME can in turn improve the activity of other immunotherapies such as checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapies in immunologically "cold" tumors. When possible, in this review, we have provided evidence and outcomes from recent or current clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of the specific strategies used to target myeloid cells in the TME. The review seeks to provide a broad overview of how myeloid cell targeting can become a key foundational approach to an overall strategy for improving tumor responses to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cao
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Steven Dow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- *Correspondence: Steven Dow,
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14
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Niu ZS, Wang WH, Niu XJ. Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6433-6477. [PMID: 36569275 PMCID: PMC9782839 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i46.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatectomy is currently considered the most effective option for treating patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC remains unsatisfactory, predominantly because of high postoperative metastasis and recurrence rates. Therefore, research on the molecular mechanisms of postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence will help develop effective intervention measures to prevent or delay HCC metastasis and recurrence and to improve the long-term survival of HCC patients. Herein, we review the latest research progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence to lay a foundation for improving the understanding of HCC metastasis and recurrence and for developing more precise prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Shan Niu
- Laboratory of Micromorphology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qingdao Shibei District People's Hospital, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
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15
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Tanaka T, Suzuki H, Asano T, Li G, Nanamiya R, Tateyama N, Isoda Y, Okada Y, Kobayashi H, Yoshikawa T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Epitope Mapping of an Anti-Mouse CCR2 Monoclonal Antibody (C 2Mab-6) Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:339-342. [PMID: 36346278 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors, and is mainly expressed on cell surface of immune cells. CCR2 binds to its ligand, C-C motif chemokine 2 (also named as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), which involves in the tumor progression by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting CCR2 could be one of the strategies for cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the critical epitope of C2Mab-6, an anti-mouse CCR2 (mCCR2) mAb developed by N-terminal peptides immunization. We first performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using N-terminal peptides of mCCR2 and demonstrated that C2Mab-6 recognizes 1-19 amino acids of mCCR2. We further performed ELISA using 20 alanine-substituted peptides of mCCR2. C2Mab-6 lost the reaction to the alanine-substituted peptides of D3A, N4A, M6A, P8A, Q9A, and F10A. These results indicate that the binding epitope of C2Mab-6 includes Asp3, Asn4, Met6, Pro8, Gln9, and Phe10 of mCCR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nami Tateyama
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu Isoda
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Okada
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiyori Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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16
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Wu KS, Sung SY, Huang MH, Lin YL, Chang CC, Fang CL, Wong TT, Chen HH, Tsai ML. Clinical and Molecular Features in Medulloblastomas Subtypes in Children in a Cohort in Taiwan. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215419. [PMID: 36358838 PMCID: PMC9657873 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Medulloblastoma (MB) was classified into four subgroups: WNT, SHH, group 3, and group 4. In 2017, 12 subtypes within 4 subgroups and 8 subtypes within non-WNT/non-SHH subgroups according to the heterogenous features were announced. In this study, we aimed to identify the heterogeneity of molecular features for discovering subtype specific factors linked to diagnosis and prognosis. We retrieved 70 MBs to perform RNA sequencing and a DNA methylation array. Integrated with clinical annotations, we classified 12 subtypes of pediatric MBs. We found that M2 macrophages were enriched in SHH β, which correlated with good outcomes of SHH MBs. The high infiltration of M2 macrophages may be an indicator of a favorable prognosis and therapeutic target for SHH MBs. Furthermore, C11orf95-RELA fusion was observed to be associated with recurrence and a poor prognosis. These results will contribute to the establishment of a molecular diagnosis linked to prognostic factors of relevance for MBs. Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB) was classified into four molecular subgroups: WNT, SHH, group 3, and group 4. In 2017, 12 subtypes within 4 subgroups and 8 subtypes within non-WNT/non-SHH subgroups according to the differences of clinical features and biology were announced. In this study, we aimed to identify the heterogeneity of molecular features for discovering subtype specific factors linked to diagnosis and prognosis. We retrieved 70 MBs in children to perform RNA sequencing and a DNA methylation array in Taiwan. Integrated with clinical annotations, we achieved classification of 12 subtypes of pediatric MBs in our cohort series with reference to the other reported series. We analyzed the correlation of cell type enrichment in SHH MBs and found that M2 macrophages were enriched in SHH β, which related to good outcomes of SHH MBs. The high infiltration of M2 macrophages may be an indicator of a favorable prognosis and therapeutic target for SHH MBs. Furthermore, C11orf95-RELA fusion was observed to be associated with recurrence and a poor prognosis. These results will contribute to the establishment of a molecular diagnosis linked to prognostic indicators of relevance and help to promote molecular-based risk stratified treatment for MBs in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Sheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Ying Sung
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsu Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chang Chang
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Tong Wong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, The Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-H.C.); (M.-L.T.)
| | - Min-Lan Tsai
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-H.C.); (M.-L.T.)
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17
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Mughees M, Kaushal JB, Sharma G, Wajid S, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. Chemokines and cytokines: Axis and allies in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:497-512. [PMID: 35181473 PMCID: PMC9793433 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are recognized as the major contributor to various tumorigenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and failures of current cancer therapies. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is enriched with chemokines and cytokines and plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Chronic inflammation is also considered an instructive process of cancer progression, where chemokines are spatiotemporally secreted by malignant cells and leukocyte subtypes that initiate cell trafficking into the TME. In various cancers, prostate cancer (PCa) is reported as one of the leading cancers in the worldwide male population. The chemokines-mediated signaling pathways are intensively involved in PCa progression and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines and cytokines are responsible for the pleiotropic actions in cancer, including the growth, angiogenesis, endothelial mesenchymal transition, leukocyte infiltration, and hormone escape for advanced PCa and therapy resistance. Chemokine's system and immune cells represent a promising target to suppress tumorigenic environments and serve as potential therapy/immunotherapy for the PCa. In this review, an attempt has been made to shed light on the alteration of chemokine and cytokine profiles during PCa progression and metastasis. We also discussed the recent findings of the diverse molecular signaling of these circulating chemokines and their corresponding receptors that could become future targets for therapeutic management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA(1)
| | - Jyoti Bala Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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18
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Tanaka T, Suzuki H, Li G, Nanamiya R, Isoda Y, Okada Y, Kobayashi H, Yoshikawa T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Epitope Mapping of the Anti-Human CC Chemokine Receptor Type-2 Monoclonal Antibody (K036C2). Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:285-289. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu Isoda
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Okada
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiyori Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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19
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Tanaka T, Li G, Saito M, Suzuki H, Asano T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Development of an Anti-human CCR2 Monoclonal Antibody (C 2Mab-9) by N-Terminal Peptide Immunization. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:188-193. [PMID: 35917563 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2) is one of the members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which are expressed on the cell surface of immune and tumor cells. CCR2 binds to the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which is produced by various cells, including tumor and immune-related cells. Therefore, the development of sensitive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for CCR2 has been desired for treatment and diagnosis. In this study, we established a specific antihuman CCR2 (hCCR2) mAb, C2Mab-9 (mouse IgG1, kappa), using the synthetic peptide immunization method. Flow cytometric and immunocytochemical results showed that C2Mab-9 reacted with hCCR2-expressing U937 (human histiocytic lymphoma) and natural killer cells. Furthermore, C2Mab-9 showed the moderate binding affinity for both cells. Conclusively, C2Mab-9 can be a useful tool for analyzing hCCR2-related biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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20
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Zhang J, Yuan X, Wang Y, Liu J, Li Z, Li S, Liu Y, Gong X, Sun Y, Wu W, Sun L, Du S, Wang T. Tumor-Associated Macrophages Correlate With Prognosis in Medulloblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:893132. [PMID: 35860588 PMCID: PMC9289152 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.893132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the tumor microenvironment of brain tumors. However, the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in medulloblastoma still remains controversial. Thus, we investigated the distribution of macrophages in medulloblastoma tissues and analyzed the association of TAM recruitment and medulloblastoma patients’ outcomes. Methods We obtained a total of 71 paraffin sections from patients with medulloblastoma, and detected the activated phenotype (M1/M2) by monoclonal antibodies for CD68, HLA-DR and CD163 with multiple fluorescence immunohistochemistry method. The number of polarized macrophages was quantified using the InForm software. Outcomes were analyzed according to clinical data and quantified macrophage data. Results The study revealed that TAMs were significantly higher in sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma than in other subgroups, and M1 macrophages in metastatic group were significantly higher than those in non-metastatic group. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression model showed the correlation of high percentage of total macrophages (P = 0.038, HR = 0.241) and M1 macrophages (P = 0.034, HR = 0.333) with good 5-year progression-free survival (PFS); however, M2 macrophages had no correlation with survival of medulloblastoma patients (P> 0.05). Conclusion High percentage of total macrophages and M1 macrophages are correlated with good outcome of medulloblastoma patients. TAMs might be a target of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Hematology Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Hematologic Disease Laboratory, Hematology Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shuting Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanshui Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxu Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianyou Wang, ; Shuxu Du,
| | - Tianyou Wang
- Hematology Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianyou Wang, ; Shuxu Du,
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21
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Xu J, Li JQ, Chen QL, Shestakova EA, Misyurin VA, Pokrovsky VS, Tchevkina EM, Chen HB, Song H, Zhang JY. Advances in Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:920779. [PMID: 35770088 PMCID: PMC9235028 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.920779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a common and intractable disease that seriously affects quality of life of patients and imposes heavy economic burden on families and the entire society. Current medications and intervention strategies for cancer have respective shortcomings. In recent years, it has been increasingly spotlighted that chemokines and their receptors play vital roles in the pathophysiology of cancer. Chemokines are a class of structurally similar short-chain secreted proteins that initiate intracellular signaling pathways through the activation of corresponding G protein-coupled receptors and participate in physiological and pathological processes such as cell migration and proliferation. Studies have shown that chemokines and their receptors have close relationships with cancer epigenetic regulation, growth, progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Chemokines and their receptors may also serve as potential targets for cancer treatment. We herein summarize recent research progresses on anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of chemokines and their receptors, suggesting avenues for future studies. Perspectives for upcoming explorations, such as development of multi-targeted chemokine-based anti-tumor drugs, are also discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-quan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qi-lei Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elena A. Shestakova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod A. Misyurin
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim S. Pokrovsky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, People’s Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena M. Tchevkina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hu-biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Hu-biao Chen, ; Hang Song, ; Jian-ye Zhang,
| | - Hang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Hu-biao Chen, ; Hang Song, ; Jian-ye Zhang,
| | - Jian-ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hu-biao Chen, ; Hang Song, ; Jian-ye Zhang,
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22
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Tanaka T, Li G, Asano T, Kaneko MK, Suzuki H, Kato Y. Epitope Mapping of the Anti-Human CCR2 Monoclonal Antibody C 2Mab-9. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:150-156. [PMID: 35666539 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors superfamily, localized on cell surface of some immune-related cells, including monocytes and macrophages. CCR2 and its ligand CCL2 are involved in the progression of various diseases such as cancers. Therefore, CCR2-targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are needed for treatment and diagnosis. Previously, we successfully developed an anti-human CCR2 (hCCR2) mAb, C2Mab-9 (mouse IgG1, kappa), which is applicable for flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. In this study, we investigated the critical epitope of C2Mab-9. We conducted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using several N-terminal peptides of hCCR2, and demonstrated that C2Mab-9 recognizes 11-29 and 21-39 amino acids of hCCR2. We further performed ELISA using 20 peptides, which include alanine substitution of hCCR2. C2Mab-9 lost the reaction to the alanine-substituted peptides of F23A, F24A, D25A, Y26A, and D27A. Among them, F23A, F24A, D25A, and Y26A did not block the C2Mab-9 reaction with U937 cells in flow cytometry. These results indicate that the critical binding epitope of C2Mab-9 includes Phe23, Phe24, Asp25, and Tyr26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Li H, Wu M, Zhao X. Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e147. [PMID: 35702353 PMCID: PMC9175564 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small secreted proteins that have fundamental roles in organ development, normal physiology, and immune responses upon binding to their corresponding receptors. The primary functions of chemokines are to coordinate and recruit immune cells to and from tissues and to participate in regulating interactions between immune cells. In addition to the generally recognized antimicrobial immunity, the chemokine/chemokine receptor axis also exerts a tumorigenic function in many different cancer models and is involved in the formation of immunosuppressive and protective tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential prognostic markers for various hematologic and solid tumors. In fact, apart from its vital role in tumors, almost all inflammatory diseases involve chemokines and their receptors in one way or another. Modulating the expression of chemokines and/or their corresponding receptors on tumor cells or immune cells provides the basis for the exploitation of new drugs for clinical evaluation in the treatment of related diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances of chemokine systems in protumor and antitumor immune responses and discuss the prevailing understanding of how the chemokine system operates in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we also emphatically highlight the complexity of the chemokine system and explore its potential to guide the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Holm JB, Rosendahl AH, Borgquist S. Local Biomarkers Involved in the Interplay between Obesity and Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246286. [PMID: 34944905 PMCID: PMC8699696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. The risk of developing breast cancer depends on various mechanisms, such as age, heredity, reproductive factors, physical inactivity, and obesity. Obesity increases the risk of breast cancer and worsens outcomes for breast cancer patients. The rate of obesity is increasing worldwide, stressing the need for awareness of the association between obesity and breast cancer. In this review, we outline the biomarkers—including cellular and soluble factors—in the breast, associated with obesity, that affect the risk of breast cancer and breast cancer prognosis. Through these biomarkers, we aim to better identify patients with obesity with a higher risk of breast cancer and an inferior prognosis. Abstract Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women worldwide (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer). Furthermore, breast cancer patients with obesity have an impaired prognosis. Adipose tissue is abundant in the breast. Therefore, breast cancer develops in an adipose-rich environment. During obesity, changes in the local environment in the breast occur which are associated with breast cancer. A shift towards a pro-inflammatory state is seen, resulting in altered levels of cytokines and immune cells. Levels of adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, are changed. Aromatase activity rises, resulting in higher levels of potent estrogen in the breast. Lastly, remodeling of the extracellular matrix takes place. In this review, we address the current knowledge on the changes in the breast adipose tissue in obesity associated with breast cancer initiation and progression. We aim to identify obesity-associated biomarkers in the breast involved in the interplay between obesity and breast cancer. Hereby, we can improve identification of women with obesity with an increased risk of breast cancer and an impaired prognosis. Studies investigating mammary adipocytes and breast adipose tissue in women with obesity versus women without obesity are, however, sparse and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Busk Holm
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence: (J.B.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Ann H. Rosendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (J.B.H.); (S.B.)
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25
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Payload Delivery: Engineering Immune Cells to Disrupt the Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236000. [PMID: 34885108 PMCID: PMC8657158 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown impressive clinical success against haematological malignancies such as B cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, their efficacy against non-haematological solid malignancies has been largely disappointing. Solid tumours pose many additional challenges for CAR T cells that have severely blunted their potency, including homing to the sites of disease, survival and persistence within the adverse conditions of the tumour microenvironment, and above all, the highly immunosuppressive nature of the tumour milieu. Gene engineering approaches for generating immune cells capable of overcoming these hurdles remain an unmet therapeutic need and ongoing area of research. Recent advances have involved gene constructs for membrane-bound and/or secretable proteins that provide added effector cell function over and above the benefits of classical CAR-mediated cytotoxicity, rendering immune cells not only as direct cytotoxic effectors against tumours, but also as vessels for payload delivery capable of both modulating the tumour microenvironment and orchestrating innate and adaptive anti-tumour immunity. We discuss here the novel concept of engineered immune cells as vessels for payload delivery into the tumour microenvironment, how these cells are better adapted to overcome the challenges faced in a solid tumour, and importantly, the novel gene engineering approaches required to deliver these more complex polycistronic gene constructs.
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26
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Choe D, Lee ES, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Wilson AJ, Whalen MM, Adunyah SE, Son DS. High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Effects of Adipocyte-Specific CXCR2 Conditional Knockout in the Peritoneal Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195033. [PMID: 34638514 PMCID: PMC8508092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity contributes to ovarian cancer (OC) progression via tumorigenic chemokines. Adipocytes and OC cells highly express CXCR2, and its ligands CXCL1/8, respectively, indicating that the CXCL1/8-CXCR2 axis is a molecular link between obesity and OC. Here, we investigated how the adipocyte-specific CXCR2 conditional knockout (cKO) affected the peritoneal tumor microenvironment of OC in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. We first generated adipocyte-specific CXCR2 cKO in mice: adipose tissues were not different in crown-like structures and adipocyte size between the wild-type (WT) and cKO mice but expressed lower levels of CCL2/6 compared to the obese WT mice. HFD-induced obese mice had a shorter survival time than lean mice. Particularly, obese WT and cKO mice developed higher tumors and ascites burdens, respectively. The ascites from the obese cKO mice showed increased vacuole clumps but decreased the floating tumor burden, tumor-attached macrophages, triglyceride, free fatty acid, CCL2, and TNF levels compared to obese WT mice. A tumor analysis revealed that obese cKO mice attenuated inflammatory areas, PCNA, and F4/80 compared to obese WT mice, indicating a reduced tumor burden, and there were positive relationships between the ascites and tumor parameters. Taken together, the adipocyte-specific CXCR2 cKO was associated with obesity-induced ascites despite a reduced tumor burden, likely altering the peritoneal tumor microenvironment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokyeong Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA;
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
| | - Andrew J. Wilson
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Margaret M. Whalen
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Samuel E. Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Correspondence:
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