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Brockhaus K, Hemsen I, Jauch-Speer SL, Niland S, Vogl T, Eble JA. Integrin α2 is an early marker for osteoclast differentiation that contributes to key steps in osteoclastogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1448725. [PMID: 39220682 PMCID: PMC11363192 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1448725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoclasts determine bone tissue turnover. Their increased activity causes osteoporosis, their dysfunction osteopetrosis. Methods and Results Murine monocytic ER-Hoxb8 cells differentiate into OCs upon treatment with M-CSF and RANKL and upregulate the collagen-binding integrin α2β1 distinctly earlier than other OC markers, such as the OC-associated receptor, OSCAR. Integrin α2β1 promotes OC differentiation at multiple levels by stimulating differentiation-relevant genes, by regulating cell matrix adhesion and the formation of adhesion-promoting protrusions, and by the upregulation of proteins involved in precursor cell fusion. The two key factors in osteoclastogenesis, RANK and NFATc1, were essentially unaffected after knocking out the ITGA2 gene encoding integrin α2 subunit. However, compared to integrin α2β1 expressing ER-Hoxb8 cells, ITGA2-deficient cells adhered differently with more branched filopodia and significantly longer tunneling nanotubes. Despite the higher number of fusion-relevant TNTs, they form fewer syncytia. They also resorb less hydroxyapatite, because integrin α2β1 regulates expression of lacuna proteins necessary for bone matrix resorption. The impaired syncytia formation of ITGA2-deficient OC precursor cells also correlated with reduced gene activation of fusion-supporting DC-STAMP and with an almost abolished transcription of tetraspanin CD9. CD9 only partially colocalized with integrin α2β1 in TNTs and filopodia of integrin α2β1-expressing OC precursors. Discussion Our findings define integrin α2β1 as an early marker of OC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Brockhaus
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Hemsen
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Niland
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes A. Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Hyeon J, Lee J, Kim E, Lee HM, Kim KP, Shin J, Park HS, Lee YI, Nam CH. Vutiglabridin exerts anti-ageing effects in aged mice through alleviating age-related metabolic dysfunctions. Exp Gerontol 2023; 181:112269. [PMID: 37567452 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing alters the ECM, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which triggers an inflammatory response that exacerbates with age. Age-related changes impact satellite cells, affecting muscle regeneration, and the balance of proteins. Furthermore, ageing causes a decline in NAD+ levels, and alterations in fat metabolism that impact our health. These various metabolic issues become intricately intertwined with ageing, leading to a variety of individual-level diseases and profoundly affecting individuals' healthspan. Therefore, we hypothesize that vutiglabridin capable of alleviating these metabolic abnormalities will be able to ameliorate many of the problems associated with ageing. METHOD The efficacy of vutiglabridin, which alleviates metabolic issues by enhancing mitochondrial function, was assessed in aged mice treated with vutiglabridin and compared to untreated elderly mice. On young mice, vutiglabridin-treated aged mice, and non-treated aged mice, the Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining and q-PCR for ageing marker genes were carried out. Bulk RNA-seq was carried out on GA muscle, eWAT, and liver from each group of mice to compare differences in gene expression in various gene pathways. Blood from each group of mice was used to compare and analyze the ageing lipid profile. RESULTS SA-β-gal staining of eWAT, liver, kidney, and spleen of ageing mice showed that vutiglabridin had anti-ageing effects compared to the control group, and q-PCR of ageing marker genes including Cdkn1a and Cdkn2a in each tissue showed that vutiglabridin reduced the ageing process. In aged mice treated with vutiglabridin, GA muscle showed improved homeostasis compared to controls, eWAT showed restored insulin sensitivity and prevented FALC-induced inflammation, and liver showed reduced inflammation levels due to prevented TLO formation, improved mitochondrial complex I assembly, resulting in reduced ROS formation. Furthermore, blood lipid analysis revealed that ageing-related lipid profile was relieved in ageing mice treated with vutiglabridin versus the control group. CONCLUSION Vutiglabridin slows metabolic ageing mechanisms such as decreased insulin sensitivity, increased inflammation, and altered NAD+ metabolism in adipose tissue in mice experiments, while also retaining muscle homeostasis, which is deteriorated with age. It also improves the lipid profile in the blood and restores mitochondrial function in the liver to reduce ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooseung Hyeon
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihan Lee
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejin Shin
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Soon Park
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Nam
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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Maldonado H, Leyton L. CSK-mediated signalling by integrins in cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1214787. [PMID: 37519303 PMCID: PMC10382208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1214787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression and metastasis are processes heavily controlled by the integrin receptor family. Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that constitute the central components of mechanosensing complexes called focal adhesions, which connect the extracellular environment with the cell interior. Focal adhesions act as key players in cancer progression by regulating biological processes, such as cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and survival. Src family kinases (SFKs) can interplay with integrins and their downstream effectors. SFKs also integrate extracellular cues sensed by integrins and growth factor receptors (GFR), transducing them to coordinate metastasis and cell survival in cancer. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase CSK is a well-known SFK member that suppresses SFK activity by phosphorylating its specific negative regulatory loop (C-terminal Y527 residue). Consequently, CSK may play a pivotal role in tumour progression and suppression by inhibiting SFK oncogenic effects in several cancer types. Remarkably, CSK can localise near focal adhesions when SFKs are activated and even interact with focal adhesion components, such as phosphorylated FAK and Paxillin, among others, suggesting that CSK may regulate focal adhesion dynamics and structure. Even though SFK oncogenic signalling has been extensively described before, the specific role of CSK and its crosstalk with integrins in cancer progression, for example, in mechanosensing, remain veiled. Here, we review how CSK, by regulating SFKs, can regulate integrin signalling, and focus on recent discoveries of mechanotransduction. We additionally examine the cross talk of integrins and GFR as well as the membrane availability of these receptors in cancer. We also explore new pharmaceutical approaches to these signalling pathways and analyse them as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Maldonado
- Receptor Dynamics in Cancer Laboratory, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Couto JP, Vulin M, Jehanno C, Coissieux M, Hamelin B, Schmidt A, Ivanek R, Sethi A, Bräutigam K, Frei AL, Hager C, Manivannan M, Gómez‐Miragaya J, Obradović MMS, Varga Z, Koelzer VH, Mertz KD, Bentires‐Alj M. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase sustains a core epigenetic program that promotes metastatic colonization in breast cancer. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112559. [PMID: 37259596 PMCID: PMC10308372 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colonization of distant organs accounts for over 90% of deaths related to solid cancers, yet the molecular determinants of metastasis remain poorly understood. Here, we unveil a mechanism of colonization in the aggressive basal-like subtype of breast cancer that is driven by the NAD+ metabolic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). We demonstrate that NNMT imprints a basal genetic program into cancer cells, enhancing their plasticity. In line, NNMT expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with breast cancer. Accordingly, ablation of NNMT dramatically suppresses metastasis formation in pre-clinical mouse models. Mechanistically, NNMT depletion results in a methyl overflow that increases histone H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and DNA methylation at the promoters of PR/SET Domain-5 (PRDM5) and extracellular matrix-related genes. PRDM5 emerged in this study as a pro-metastatic gene acting via induction of cancer-cell intrinsic transcription of collagens. Depletion of PRDM5 in tumor cells decreases COL1A1 deposition and impairs metastatic colonization of the lungs. These findings reveal a critical activity of the NNMT-PRDM5-COL1A1 axis for cancer cell plasticity and metastasis in basal-like breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pinto Couto
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Milica Vulin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Charly Jehanno
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Marie‐May Coissieux
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Baptiste Hamelin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Proteomics Core Facility, BiozentrumUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsBaselSwitzerland
| | - Atul Sethi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsBaselSwitzerland
| | - Konstantin Bräutigam
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
- Institute of PathologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Anja L Frei
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Carolina Hager
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Madhuri Manivannan
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Jorge Gómez‐Miragaya
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Milan MS Obradović
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Computational and Translational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute of PathologyCantonal Hospital BasellandLiestalSwitzerland
| | - Mohamed Bentires‐Alj
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical ResearchBaselSwitzerland
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Komsa-Penkova R, Yordanova A, Tonchev P, Kyurkchiev S, Todinova S, Strijkova V, Iliev M, Dimitrov B, Altankov G. Altered Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mechanotransduction from Oxidized Collagen: Morphological and Biophysical Observations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3635. [PMID: 36835046 PMCID: PMC9961414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) provides various mechanical cues that are able to affect the self-renewal and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Little is known, however, how these cues work in a pathological environment, such as acute oxidative stress. To better understand the behavior of human adipose tissue-derived MSC (ADMSC) in such conditions, we provide morphological and quantitative evidence for significantly altered early steps of mechanotransduction when adhering to oxidized collagen (Col-Oxi). These affect both focal adhesion (FA) formation and YAP/TAZ signaling events. Representative morphological images show that ADMSCs spread better within 2 h of adhesion on native collagen (Col), while they tended to round up on Col-Oxi. It also correlates with the lesser development of the actin cytoskeleton and FA formation, confirmed quantitatively by morphometric analysis using ImageJ. As shown by immunofluorescence analysis, oxidation also affected the ratio of cytosolic-to-nuclear YAP/TAZ activity, concentrating in the nucleus for Col while remaining in the cytosol for Col-Oxi, suggesting abrogated signal transduction. Comparative Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) studies show that native collagen forms relatively coarse aggregates, much thinner with Col-Oxi, possibly reflecting its altered ability to aggregate. On the other hand, the corresponding Young's moduli were only slightly changed, so viscoelastic properties cannot explain the observed biological differences. However, the roughness of the protein layer decreased dramatically, from RRMS equal to 27.95 ± 5.1 nm for Col to 5.51 ± 0.8 nm for Col-Oxi (p < 0.05), which dictates our conclusion that it is the most altered parameter in oxidation. Thus, it appears to be a predominantly topographic response that affects the mechanotransduction of ADMSCs by oxidized collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pencho Tonchev
- Department of Surgery, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
| | | | - Svetla Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Velichka Strijkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mario Iliev
- Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, St. Clément Ohnishi, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Borislav Dimitrov
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - George Altankov
- Research Institute, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
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6
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Matsumoto Y, Kage H, Morota M, Zokumasu K, Ando T, Maemura K, Watanabe K, Kawakami M, Hinata M, Ushiku T, Nakajima J, Nagase T. Integrin alpha 2 is associated with tumor progression and postoperative recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:63-73. [PMID: 36151049 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrins are transmembrane proteins that mediate cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. Whereas expression of integrin alpha 2 is associated with motility, invasiveness and cellular differentiation in various tumors, the role of integrin alpha 2 in lung cancer has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how aberrant integrin alpha 2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer leads to different outcomes. METHODS We measured expression of integrin alpha 2 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 100 samples collected from non-small cell lung cancer patients who had undergone surgical resection. We assigned patients to high and low expression groups and analyzed survival. Cellular morphology, adhesion, proliferation, migration and invasion were examined in human lung cancer cell lines. RESULTS Among 100 cases, 41 were female, with a median age of 71 years. High expression of integrin alpha 2 in non-small cell lung cancer was associated with lower recurrence-free survival (P = 0.004). Overexpression of integrin alpha 2 in cell lines had no effect on cell proliferation or invasion but resulted in increased cell size (1416 μm2 versus 470 μm2 in H522 cells, P < 0.001; 1822 μm2 versus 1029 μm2 in H661 cells, P = 0.02), adhesion (P < 0.001 in H522 and H661 cells) and migration (gap area filled was 71% versus 36% in H522 cells, P < 0.001; 57% versus 26% in H661 cells, P = 0.001). These changes were suppressed by E7820, an inhibitor of integrin alpha 2. CONCLUSIONS Integrin alpha 2 may play a significant role in lung cancer adhesion and migration, and may lead to a higher risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kage
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Development Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Morota
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Zokumasu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ando
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Maemura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Merryweather D, Moxon SR, Capel AJ, Hooper NM, Lewis MP, Roach P. Impact of type-1 collagen hydrogel density on integrin-linked morphogenic response of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33124-33135. [PMID: 35493559 PMCID: PMC9042137 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05257h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism and behaviour is closely linked to cytoskeletal tension and scaffold mechanics. In the developing nervous system functional connectivity is controlled by the interplay between chemical and mechanical cues that initiate programs of cell behaviour. Replication of functional connectivity in neuronal populations in vitro has proven a technical challenge due to the absence of many systems of biomechanical regulation that control directional outgrowth in vivo. Here, a 3D culture system is explored by dilution of a type I collagen hydrogel to produce variation in gel stiffness. Hydrogel scaffold remodelling was found to be linked to gel collagen concentration, with a greater degree of gel contraction occurring at lower concentrations. Gel mechanics were found to evolve over the culture period according to collagen concentration. Less concentrated gels reduced in stiffness, whilst a biphasic pattern of increasing and then decreasing stiffness was observed at higher concentrations. Analysis of these cultures by PCR revealed a program of shifting integrin expression and highly variable activity in key morphogenic signal pathways, such as mitogen-associated protein kinase, indicating genetic impact of biomaterial interactions via mechano-regulation. Gel contraction at lower concentrations was also found to be accompanied by an increase in average collagen fibre diameter. Minor changes in biomaterial mechanics result in significant changes in programmed cell behaviour, resulting in adoption of markedly different cell morphologies and ability to remodel the scaffold. Advanced understanding of cell-biomaterial interactions, over short and long-term culture, is of critical importance in the development of novel tissue engineering strategies for the fabrication of biomimetic 3D neuro-tissue constructs. Simple methods of tailoring the initial mechanical environment presented to SH-SY5Y populations in 3D can lead to significantly different programs of network development over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Merryweather
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK
| | - S R Moxon
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - A J Capel
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK
| | - N M Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - M P Lewis
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK
| | - P Roach
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK
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Yu Y, Wu H, Zhang Q, Ogawa R, Fu S. Emerging insights into the immunological aspects of keloids. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1817-1826. [PMID: 34549462 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A special kind of scar, keloid, sometimes grows huge, disturbing patients in different ways. We discussed the pathogenesis of keloids and found researches about fibroblasts and collagen disorders, with little emphasis on immunity. Coupled with few effective treatments in keloid at present, we have focused on the immunological mechanisms of keloids with an aim to unravel some new therapeutic approaches in the future. In this review, the immunological processes are separately illustrated by the classification of different immune cells. In addition, we also discuss possible reasons for the repeated recurrence of keloids, the phenomenon of cell talks, and inflammation-related signal pathways involved in the pathogenesis of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyiyi Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Siqi Fu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hu T, Lo ACY. Collagen-Alginate Composite Hydrogel: Application in Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Sciences. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1852. [PMID: 34199641 PMCID: PMC8199729 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate (ALG), a polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, has been extensively investigated as a biomaterial not only in tissue engineering but also for numerous biomedical sciences owing to its wide availability, good compatibility, weak cytotoxicity, low cost, and ease of gelation. Nevertheless, alginate lacks cell-binding sites, limiting long-term cell survival and viability in 3D culture. Collagen (Col), a major component protein found in the extracellular matrix (ECM), exhibits excellent biocompatibility and weak immunogenicity. Furthermore, collagen contains cell-binding motifs, which facilitate cell attachment, interaction, and spreading, consequently maintaining cell viability and promoting cell proliferation. Recently, there has been a growing body of investigations into collagen-based hydrogel trying to overcome the poor mechanical properties of collagen. In particular, collagen-alginate composite (CAC) hydrogel has attracted much attention due to its excellent biocompatibility, gelling under mild conditions, low cytotoxicity, controllable mechanic properties, wider availability as well as ease of incorporation of other biomaterials and bioactive agents. This review aims to provide an overview of the properties of alginate and collagen. Moreover, the application of CAC hydrogel in tissue engineering and biomedical sciences is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy C. Y. Lo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
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10
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Onursal C, Dick E, Angelidis I, Schiller HB, Staab-Weijnitz CA. Collagen Biosynthesis, Processing, and Maturation in Lung Ageing. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:593874. [PMID: 34095157 PMCID: PMC8172798 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.593874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing a macromolecular scaffold, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical regulator of cell function by virtue of specific physical, biochemical, and mechanical properties. Collagen is the main ECM component and hence plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic lung disease. It is well-established that many chronic lung diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) primarily manifest in the elderly, suggesting increased susceptibility of the aged lung or accumulated alterations in lung structure over time that favour disease. Here, we review the main steps of collagen biosynthesis, processing, and turnover and summarise what is currently known about alterations upon lung ageing, including changes in collagen composition, modification, and crosslinking. Recent proteomic data on mouse lung ageing indicates that, while the ER-resident machinery of collagen biosynthesis, modification and triple helix formation appears largely unchanged, there are specific changes in levels of type IV and type VI as well as the two fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices (FACIT), namely type XIV and type XVI collagens. In addition, levels of the extracellular collagen crosslinking enzyme lysyl oxidase are decreased, indicating less enzymatically mediated collagen crosslinking upon ageing. The latter contrasts with the ageing-associated increase in collagen crosslinking by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), a result of spontaneous reactions of protein amino groups with reactive carbonyls, e.g., from monosaccharides or reactive dicarbonyls like methylglyoxal. Given the slow turnover of extracellular collagen such modifications accumulate even more in ageing tissues. In summary, the collective evidence points mainly toward age-induced alterations in collagen composition and drastic changes in the molecular nature of collagen crosslinks. Future work addressing the consequences of these changes may provide important clues for prevention of lung disease and for lung bioengineering and ultimately pave the way to novel targeted approaches in lung regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Onursal
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dick
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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11
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Dai W, Liu S, Wang S, Zhao L, Yang X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang P, Ding K, Li Y, Pan J. Activation of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase DDR1-STAT3 cascade by extracellular matrix remodeling promotes liver metastatic colonization in uveal melanoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:176. [PMID: 33976105 PMCID: PMC8113510 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00563-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonization is believed a rate-limiting step of metastasis cascade. However, its underlying mechanism is not well understood. Uveal melanoma (UM), which is featured with single organ liver metastasis, may provide a simplified model for realizing the complicated colonization process. Because DDR1 was identified to be overexpressed in UM cell lines and specimens, and abundant pathological deposition of extracellular matrix collagen, a type of DDR1 ligand, was noted in the microenvironment of liver in metastatic patients with UM, we postulated the hypothesis that DDR1 and its ligand might ignite the interaction between UM cells and their surrounding niche of liver thereby conferring strengthened survival, proliferation, stemness and eventually promoting metastatic colonization in liver. We tested this hypothesis and found that DDR1 promoted these malignant cellular phenotypes and facilitated metastatic colonization of UM in liver. Mechanistically, UM cells secreted TGF-β1 which induced quiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSCs) into activated HSCs (aHSCs) which secreted collagen type I. Such a remodeling of extracellular matrix, in turn, activated DDR1, strengthening survival through upregulating STAT3-dependent Mcl-1 expression, enhancing stemness via upregulating STAT3-dependent SOX2, and promoting clonogenicity in cancer cells. Targeting DDR1 by using 7rh, a specific inhibitor, repressed proliferation and survival in vitro and in vivo outgrowth. More importantly, targeting cancer cells by pharmacological inactivation of DDR1 or targeting microenvironmental TGF-β1-collagen I loop exhibited a prominent anti-metastasis effect in mice. In conclusion, targeting DDR1 signaling and TGF-β signaling may be a novel approach to diminish hepatic metastasis in UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shubo Wang
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Karamanos NK, Theocharis AD, Piperigkou Z, Manou D, Passi A, Skandalis SS, Vynios DH, Orian-Rousseau V, Ricard-Blum S, Schmelzer CEH, Duca L, Durbeej M, Afratis NA, Troeberg L, Franchi M, Masola V, Onisto M. A guide to the composition and functions of the extracellular matrix. FEBS J 2021; 288:6850-6912. [PMID: 33605520 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic 3-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides structural support for the cells and tissues. Accumulated knowledge clearly demonstrated over the last decade that ECM plays key regulatory roles since it orchestrates cell signaling, functions, properties and morphology. Extracellularly secreted as well as cell-bound factors are among the major members of the ECM family. Proteins/glycoproteins, such as collagens, elastin, laminins and tenascins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, and their cell receptors such as CD44 and integrins, responsible for cell adhesion, comprise a well-organized functional network with significant roles in health and disease. On the other hand, enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases and specific glycosidases including heparanase and hyaluronidases contribute to matrix remodeling and affect human health. Several cell processes and functions, among them cell proliferation and survival, migration, differentiation, autophagy, angiogenesis, and immunity regulation are affected by certain matrix components. Structural alterations have been also well associated with disease progression. This guide on the composition and functions of the ECM gives a broad overview of the matrisome, the major ECM macromolecules, and their interaction networks within the ECM and with the cell surface, summarizes their main structural features and their roles in tissue organization and cell functions, and emphasizes the importance of specific ECM constituents in disease development and progression as well as the advances in molecular targeting of ECM to design new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Manou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Demitrios H Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Véronique Orian-Rousseau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems- Functional Molecular Systems, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- University of Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2: Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France
| | - Madeleine Durbeej
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Unit of Muscle Biology, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos A Afratis
- Department Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich, UK
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Study, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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13
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Maldonado H, Hagood JS. Cooperative signaling between integrins and growth factor receptors in fibrosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:213-224. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-02026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Salemi Z, Azizi R, Fallahian F, Aghaei M. Integrin α2β1 inhibition attenuates prostate cancer cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis and reducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4954-4965. [PMID: 33305380 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrin α2β1 plays an important role in cellular migration and metastasis processes associated with prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to assess whether selective inhibition of integrin α2β1 is an effective strategy to target metastatic prostate cancer cells. In this regard, we examined the effects of the inhibitor BTT-3033, which selectively interferes with the connection between integrin a2b1 and its ligand, on migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and specific intracellular signaling pathways using LNcap-FGC and DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry assays showed that inhibition of integrin a2b1 inhibits EMT, through the increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. Scratch wound healing assays revealed a direct effect on integrin α2β1 in the migration capacity of cells. In addition, treatment with BTT-3033 induced a reduction in cell viability and proliferation, as assessed by MTT and BrdU assays. In addition, the results show that BTT-3033 inhibits cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, inhibition of integrin α2β1 induces apoptosis through the activation of ROS, Bax protein upregulation, caspase-3 activation, and depletion of ΔΨm. Molecular signaling studies showed that integrin α2β1 was a positive regulator of MKK7 phosphorylation. In conclusion, our results reveal a critical role for integrin a2b1 in the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, as demonstrated by EMT inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction in response to treatment with its specific inhibitor BT-3033.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salemi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR, Iran
| | - Reza Azizi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Faranak Fallahian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Walimbe T, Panitch A. Best of Both Hydrogel Worlds: Harnessing Bioactivity and Tunability by Incorporating Glycosaminoglycans in Collagen Hydrogels. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E156. [PMID: 33276506 PMCID: PMC7711789 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, has garnered the interest of scientists for over 50 years. Its ubiquitous presence in all body tissues combined with its excellent biocompatibility has led scientists to study its potential as a biomaterial for a wide variety of biomedical applications with a high degree of success and widespread clinical approval. More recently, in order to increase their tunability and applicability, collagen hydrogels have frequently been co-polymerized with other natural and synthetic polymers. Of special significance is the use of bioactive glycosaminoglycans-the carbohydrate-rich polymers of the ECM responsible for regulating tissue homeostasis and cell signaling. This review covers the recent advances in the development of collagen-based hydrogels and collagen-glycosaminoglycan blend hydrogels for biomedical research. We discuss the formulations and shortcomings of using collagen in isolation, and the advantages of incorporating glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the hydrogels. We further elaborate on modifications used on these biopolymers for tunability and discuss tissue specific applications. The information presented herein will demonstrate the versatility and highly translational value of using collagen blended with GAGs as hydrogels for biomedical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaya Walimbe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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16
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Syndecan-3 regulates MSC adhesion, ERK and AKT signalling in vitro and its deletion enhances MSC efficacy in a model of inflammatory arthritis in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20487. [PMID: 33235244 PMCID: PMC7686503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating and painful inflammatory autoimmune disease characterised by the accumulation of leukocytes in the synovium, cartilage destruction and bone erosion. The immunomodulatory effects of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been widely studied and the recent observations that syndecan-3 (SDC3) is selectively pro-inflammatory in the joint led us to hypothesise that SDC3 might play an important role in MSC biology. MSCs isolated from bone marrow of wild type and Sdc3−/− mice were used to assess immunophenotype, differentiation, adhesion and migration properties and cell signalling pathways. While both cell types show similar differentiation potential and forward scatter values, the cell complexity in wild type MSCs was significantly higher than in Sdc3−/− cells and was accompanied by lower spread surface area. Moreover, Sdc3−/− MSCs adhered more rapidly to collagen type I and showed a dramatic increase in AKT phosphorylation, accompanied by a decrease in ERK1/2 phosphorylation compared with control cells. In a mouse model of antigen-induced inflammatory arthritis, intraarticular injection of Sdc3−/− MSCs yielded enhanced efficacy compared to injection of wild type MSCs. In conclusion, our data suggest that syndecan-3 regulates MSC adhesion and efficacy in inflammatory arthritis, likely via induction of the AKT pathway.
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17
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Sala M, Ros M, Saltel F. A Complex and Evolutive Character: Two Face Aspects of ECM in Tumor Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1620. [PMID: 32984031 PMCID: PMC7485352 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells, is a key player during tumor development, from initiation, growth and progression to metastasis. During all of these steps, remodeling of matrix components occurs, changing its biochemical and physical properties. The global and basic cancer ECM model is that tumors are surrounded by activated stromal cells, that remodel physiological ECM to evolve into a stiffer and more crosslinked ECM than in normal conditions, thereby increasing invasive capacities of cancer cells. In this review, we show that this too simple model does not consider the complexity, specificity and heterogeneity of each organ and tumor. First, we describe the general ECM in context of cancer. Then, we go through five invasive and most frequent cancers from different origins (breast, liver, pancreas, colon, and skin), and show that each cancer has its own specific matrix, with different stromal cells, ECM components, biochemical properties and activated signaling pathways. Furthermore, in these five cancers, we describe the dual role of tumor ECM: as a protective barrier against tumor cell proliferation and invasion, and as a major player in tumor progression. Indeed, crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells induce changes in matrix organization by remodeling ECM through invadosome formation in order to degrade it, promoting tumor progression and cell invasion. To sum up, in this review, we highlight the specificities of matrix composition in five cancers and the necessity not to consider the ECM as one general and simple entity, but one complex, dynamic and specific entity for each cancer type and subtype.
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18
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Shetty SS, Sharma M, Fonseca FP, Jayaram P, Tanwar AS, Kabekkodu SP, Kapaettu S, Radhakrishnan R. Signaling pathways promoting epithelial mesenchymal transition in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2020; 56:97-108. [PMID: 32874377 PMCID: PMC7452314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process that occurs during the embryonic development, wound healing, organ fibrosis and the onset of malignancy. Emerging evidence suggests that the EMT is involved in the invasion and metastasis of cancers. The inflammatory reaction antecedent to fibrosis in the onset of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and the role of EMT in its malignant transformation indicates a hitherto unexplored involvement of EMT. This review focuses on the role of EMT markers which are regulators of the EMT mediated complex network of molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of OSF and OSCC. Further the gene enrichment analysis and pathway analysis supports the association of the upregulated and downregulated genes in various EMT regulating pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Sammith Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad 121004, India
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pradyumna Jayaram
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Ankit Singh Tanwar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Satyamoorthy Kapaettu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Bourgot I, Primac I, Louis T, Noël A, Maquoi E. Reciprocal Interplay Between Fibrillar Collagens and Collagen-Binding Integrins: Implications in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1488. [PMID: 33014790 PMCID: PMC7461916 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are complex ecosystems composed of malignant cells embedded in an intricate microenvironment made of different non-transformed cell types and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The tumor microenvironment is governed by constantly evolving cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions, which are now recognized as key actors in the genesis, progression and treatment of cancer lesions. The ECM is composed of a multitude of fibrous proteins, matricellular-associated proteins, and proteoglycans. This complex structure plays critical roles in cancer progression: it functions as the scaffold for tissues organization and provides biochemical and biomechanical signals that regulate key cancer hallmarks including cell growth, survival, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, and immune response. Cells sense the biochemical and mechanical properties of the ECM through specialized transmembrane receptors that include integrins, discoidin domain receptors, and syndecans. Advanced stages of several carcinomas are characterized by a desmoplastic reaction characterized by an extensive deposition of fibrillar collagens in the microenvironment. This compact network of fibrillar collagens promotes cancer progression and metastasis, and is associated with low survival rates for cancer patients. In this review, we highlight how fibrillar collagens and their corresponding integrin receptors are modulated during cancer progression. We describe how the deposition and alignment of collagen fibers influence the tumor microenvironment and how fibrillar collagen-binding integrins expressed by cancer and stromal cells critically contribute in cancer hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erik Maquoi
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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20
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Mukai C, Choi E, Sams KL, Klampen EZ, Anguish L, Marks BA, Rice EJ, Wang Z, Choate LA, Chou SP, Kato Y, Miller AD, Danko CG, Coonrod SA. Chromatin run-on sequencing analysis finds that ECM remodeling plays an important role in canine hemangiosarcoma pathogenesis. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:206. [PMID: 32571313 PMCID: PMC7310061 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine visceral hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a highly aggressive cancer of endothelial origin that closely resembles visceral angiosarcoma in humans, both clinically and histopathologically. Currently there is an unmet need for new diagnostics and therapies for both forms of this disease. The goal of this study was to utilize Chromatin run-on sequencing (ChRO-seq) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify gene and protein expression signatures that may be important drivers of HSA progression. Results ChRO-seq was performed on tissue isolated from 17 HSA samples and 4 normal splenic samples. Computational analysis was then used to identify differentially expressed genes and these factors were subjected to gene ontology analysis. ChRO-seq analysis revealed over a thousand differentially expressed genes in HSA tissue compared with normal splenic tissue (FDR < 0.005). Interestingly, the majority of genes overexpressed in HSA tumor tissue were associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. This observation correlated well with our histological analysis, which found that HSA tumors contain a rich and complex collagen network. Additionally, we characterized the protein expression patterns of two highly overexpressed molecules identified in ChRO-seq analysis, podoplanin (PDPN) and laminin alpha 4 (LAMA4). We found that the expression of these two ECM-associated factors appeared to be largely limited to transformed endothelial cells within the HSA lesions. Conclusion Outcomes from this study suggest that ECM remodeling plays an important role in HSA progression. Additionally, our study identified two potential novel biomarkers of HSA, PDPN and LAMA4. Interestingly, given that function-blocking anti-PDPN antibodies have shown anti-tumor effects in mouse models of canine melanoma, our studies raise the possibility that these types of therapeutic strategies could potentially be developed for treating canine HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinatsu Mukai
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Eunju Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kelly L Sams
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elena Zu Klampen
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lynne Anguish
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Brooke A Marks
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Edward J Rice
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lauren A Choate
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shao-Pei Chou
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Andrew D Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Charles G Danko
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Scott A Coonrod
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Alessandra G, Algerta M, Paola M, Carsten S, Cristina L, Paolo M, Elisa M, Gabriella T, Carla P. Shaping Pancreatic β-Cell Differentiation and Functioning: The Influence of Mechanotransduction. Cells 2020; 9:E413. [PMID: 32053947 PMCID: PMC7072458 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic and pluripotent stem cells hold great promise in generating β-cells for both replacing medicine and novel therapeutic discoveries in diabetes mellitus. However, their differentiation in vitro is still inefficient, and functional studies reveal that most of these β-like cells still fail to fully mirror the adult β-cell physiology. For their proper growth and functioning, β-cells require a very specific environment, the islet niche, which provides a myriad of chemical and physical signals. While the nature and effects of chemical stimuli have been widely characterized, less is known about the mechanical signals. We here review the current status of knowledge of biophysical cues provided by the niche where β-cells normally live and differentiate, and we underline the possible machinery designated for mechanotransduction in β-cells. Although the regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood, the analysis reveals that β-cells are equipped with all mechanosensors and signaling proteins actively involved in mechanotransduction in other cell types, and they respond to mechanical cues by changing their behavior. By engineering microenvironments mirroring the biophysical niche properties it is possible to elucidate the β-cell mechanotransductive-regulatory mechanisms and to harness them for the promotion of β-cell differentiation capacity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galli Alessandra
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Marku Algerta
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Marciani Paola
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Schulte Carsten
- CIMAINA, Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lenardi Cristina
- CIMAINA, Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Milani Paolo
- CIMAINA, Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maffioli Elisa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tedeschi Gabriella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Perego Carla
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
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22
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Lee J, Manoharan V, Cheung L, Lee S, Cha BH, Newman P, Farzad R, Mehrotra S, Zhang K, Khan F, Ghaderi M, Lin YD, Aftab S, Mostafalu P, Miscuglio M, Li J, Mandal BB, Hussain MA, Wan KT, Tang XS, Khademhosseini A, Shin SR. Nanoparticle-Based Hybrid Scaffolds for Deciphering the Role of Multimodal Cues in Cardiac Tissue Engineering. ACS NANO 2019; 13:12525-12539. [PMID: 31621284 PMCID: PMC7068777 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial microenvironment plays a decisive role in guiding the function and fate of cardiomyocytes, and engineering this extracellular niche holds great promise for cardiac tissue regeneration. Platforms utilizing hybrid hydrogels containing various types of conductive nanoparticles have been a critical tool for constructing engineered cardiac tissues with outstanding mechanical integrity and improved electrophysiological properties. However, there has been no attempt to directly compare the efficacy of these hybrid hydrogels and decipher the mechanisms behind how these platforms differentially regulate cardiomyocyte behavior. Here, we employed gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels containing three different types of carbon-based nanoparticles: carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced GO (rGO), to investigate the influence of these hybrid scaffolds on the structural organization and functionality of cardiomyocytes. Using immunofluorescent staining for assessing cellular organization and proliferation, we showed that electrically conductive scaffolds (CNT- and rGO-GelMA compared to relatively nonconductive GO-GelMA) played a significant role in promoting desirable morphology of cardiomyocytes and elevated the expression of functional cardiac markers, while maintaining their viability. Electrophysiological analysis revealed that these engineered cardiac tissues showed distinct cardiomyocyte phenotypes and different levels of maturity based on the substrate (CNT-GelMA: ventricular-like, GO-GelMA: atrial-like, and rGO-GelMA: ventricular/atrial mixed phenotypes). Through analysis of gene-expression patterns, we uncovered that the engineered cardiac tissues matured on CNT-GelMA and native cardiac tissues showed comparable expression levels of maturation markers. Furthermore, we demonstrated that engineered cardiac tissues matured on CNT-GelMA have increased functionality through integrin-mediated mechanotransduction (via YAP/TAZ) in contrast to cardiomyocytes cultured on rGO-GelMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Lee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Vijayan Manoharan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Louis Cheung
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Seungkyu Lee
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Byung-Hyun Cha
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Peter Newman
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Razieh Farzad
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shreya Mehrotra
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Kaizhen Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Fazal Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masoumeh Ghaderi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yi-Dong Lin
- Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Saira Aftab
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Pooria Mostafalu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mario Miscuglio
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Joan Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Biman B. Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammad Asif Hussain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kai-tak Wan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xiaowu Shirley Tang
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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23
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Extracellular matrix-cell interactions: Focus on therapeutic applications. Cell Signal 2019; 66:109487. [PMID: 31778739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules together with a multitude of different molecules residing in the extracellular space play a vital role in the regulation of cellular phenotype and behavior. This is achieved via constant reciprocal interactions between the molecules of the ECM and the cells. The ECM-cell interactions are mediated via cell surface receptors either directly or indirectly with co-operative molecules. The ECM is also under perpetual remodeling process influencing cell-signaling pathways on its part. The fragmentation of ECM macromolecules provides even further complexity for the intricate environment of the cells. However, as long as the interactions between the ECM and the cells are in balance, the health of the body is retained. Alternatively, any dysregulation in these interactions can lead to pathological processes and finally to various diseases. Thus, therapeutic applications that are based on retaining normal ECM-cell interactions are highly rationale. Moreover, in the light of the current knowledge, also concurrent multi-targeting of the complex ECM-cell interactions is required for potent pharmacotherapies to be developed in the future.
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24
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Role of prolyl hydroxylation in the molecular interactions of collagens. Essays Biochem 2019; 63:325-335. [PMID: 31350381 PMCID: PMC6744578 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20180053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Co- and post-translational hydroxylation of proline residues is critical for the stability of the triple helical collagen structure. In this review, we summarise the biology of collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases and collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylases, the enzymes responsible for proline hydroxylation. Furthermore, we describe the potential roles of hydroxyproline residues in the complex interplay between collagens and other proteins, especially integrin and discoidin domain receptor type cell adhesion receptors. Qualitative and quantitative regulation of collagen hydroxylation may have remarkable effects on the properties of the extracellular matrix and consequently on the cell behaviour.
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25
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Blomberg R, Beiting DP, Wabitsch M, Puré E. Fibroblast activation protein restrains adipogenic differentiation and regulates matrix-mediated mTOR signaling. Matrix Biol 2019; 83:60-76. [PMID: 31325484 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for multiple diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Within obese adipose tissue, multiple factors contribute to creating a disease-promoting environment, including metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis. Recent evidence points to fibrotic responses, particularly extracellular matrix remodeling, in playing a highly functional role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Fibroblast activation protein plays an essential role in remodeling collagen-rich matrices in the context of fibrosis and cancer. We observed that FAP-null mice have increased weight compared to wild-type controls, and so investigated the role of FAP in regulating diet-induced obesity. Using genetically engineered mouse models and in-vitro cell-derived matrices, we demonstrate that FAP expression by pre-adipocytes restrains adipogenic differentiation. We further show that FAP-mediated matrix remodeling alters lipid metabolism in part by regulating mTOR signaling. The impact of FAP on adipogenic differentiation and mTOR signaling together confers resistance to diet-induced obesity. The critical role of ECM remodeling in regulating obesity offers new potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Blomberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Daniel P Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Ellen Puré
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
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26
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Moxon SR, Corbett NJ, Fisher K, Potjewyd G, Domingos M, Hooper NM. Blended alginate/collagen hydrogels promote neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109904. [PMID: 31499954 PMCID: PMC6873778 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is complex, heterogeneous and often poorly replicated in traditional 2D cell culture systems. The development of more physiologically relevant 3D cell models capable of emulating the native ECM is of paramount importance for the study of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. Due to its structural similarity with hyaluronic acid, a primary component of brain ECM, alginate is a potential biomaterial for 3D cell culture systems. However, a lack of cell adhesion motifs within the chemical structure of alginate has limited its application in neural culture systems. This study presents a simple and accessible method of incorporating collagen fibrils into an alginate hydrogel by physical mixing and controlled gelation under physiological conditions and tests the hypothesis that such a substrate could influence the behaviour of human neurons in 3D culture. Regulation of the gelation process enabled the penetration of collagen fibrils throughout the hydrogel structure as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. Encapsulated human iPSC-derived neurons adhered to the blended hydrogel as evidenced by the increased expression of α1, α2 and β1 integrins. Furthermore, immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that encapsulated neurons formed complex neural networks and matured into branched neurons expressing synaptophysin, a key protein involved in neurotransmission, along the neurites. Mechanical tuning of the hydrogel stiffness by modulation of the alginate ionic crosslinker concentration also influenced neuron-specific gene expression. In conclusion, we have shown that by tuning the physicochemical properties of the alginate/collagen blend it is possible to create different ECM-like microenvironments where complex mechanisms underpinning the growth and development of human neurons can be simulated and systematically investigated. Alginate and collagen are blended to create a bespoke hydrogel that mimics aspects of brain ECM. Encapsulated human pluripotent stem cell derived neurons adhere to the hydrogel matrix and form 3D neural networks. Neuronal differentiation and maturation is promoted within the hydrogel matrix. Mechanical properties of the hydrogel can be easily tuned to optimise neurogenesis. The hydrogel presents a platform for studying neuronal function and dysfunction in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Moxon
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nicola J Corbett
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kate Fisher
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Geoffrey Potjewyd
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Marco Domingos
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nigel M Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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27
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Sukocheva O, Menschikowski M, Hagelgans A, Yarla NS, Siegert G, Reddanna P, Bishayee A. Current insights into functions of phospholipase A2 receptor in normal and cancer cells: More questions than answers. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 56:116-127. [PMID: 29104026 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling network was proposed as a potential target for cancer prevention and treatment. Several recent studies revealed that phospholipid metabolising enzyme, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), is a critical regulator of cancer accelerating pathologies and apoptosis in several types of cancers. In addition to functioning as an enzyme, PLA2 can activate a phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) in plasma membrane. While the list of PLA2 targets extends to glucose homeostasis, intracellular energy balance, adipocyte development, and hepatic lipogenesis, the PLA2R1 downstream effectors are few and scarcely investigated. Among the most addressed PLA2R1 effects are regulation of pro-inflammatory signaling, autoimmunity, apoptosis, and senescence. Localized in glomeruli podocytes, the receptor can be identified by circulating anti-PLA2R1 autoantibodies leading to development of membranous nephropathy, a strong autoimmune inflammatory cascade. PLA2R1 was shown to induce activation of Janus-kinase 2 (JAK2) and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα)-controlled mitochondrial proteins, as well as increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thus leading to apoptosis and senescence. These findings indicate the potential role of PLA2R1 as tumor suppressor. Epigenetic investigations addressed the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and specific microRNAs in the regulation of PLA2R1 expression. However, involvement of PLA2R1 in suppression of malignant growth and metastasis remains controversial. In this review, we summarize the recent findings that highlight the role of PLA2R1 in the regulation of carcinogenesis-related intracellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sukocheva
- School of Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Mario Menschikowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albert Hagelgans
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nagendra Sastry Yarla
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Gabriele Siegert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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28
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Houthuijzen JM, Jonkers J. Cancer-associated fibroblasts as key regulators of the breast cancer tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:577-597. [PMID: 30465162 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells exist in close proximity with non-malignant cells. Extensive and multilayered crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells tailors the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support survival, growth, and metastasis. Fibroblasts are one of the largest populations of non-malignant host cells that can be found within the TME of breast, pancreatic, and prostate tumors. Substantial scientific evidence has shown that these cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are not only associated with tumors by proximity but are also actively recruited to developing tumors where they can influence other cells of the TME as well as influencing tumor cell survival and metastasis. This review discusses the impact of CAFs on breast cancer biology and highlights their heterogeneity, origin and their role in tumor progression, ECM remodeling, therapy resistance, metastasis, and the challenges ahead of targeting CAFs to improve therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Houthuijzen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J Jonkers
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Hinz B, McCulloch CA, Coelho NM. Mechanical regulation of myofibroblast phenoconversion and collagen contraction. Exp Cell Res 2019; 379:119-128. [PMID: 30910400 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Activated fibroblasts promote physiological wound repair following tissue injury. However, dysregulation of fibroblast activation contributes to the development of fibrosis by enhanced production and contraction of collagen-rich extracellular matrix. At the peak of their activities, fibroblasts undergo phenotypic conversion into highly contractile myofibroblasts by developing muscle-like features, including formation of contractile actin-myosin bundles. The phenotype and function of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are mechanically regulated by matrix stiffness using a feedback control system that is integrated with the progress of tissue remodelling. The actomyosin contraction machinery and cell-matrix adhesion receptors are critical elements that are needed for mechanosensing by fibroblasts and the translation of mechanical signals into biological responses. Here, we focus on mechanical and chemical regulation of collagen contraction by fibroblasts and the involvement of these factors in their phenotypic conversion to myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada
| | | | - Nuno M Coelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada.
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30
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Biological Mechanisms of Chronic Wound and Diabetic Foot Healing: The Role of Collagen. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The treatment of chronic wounds is a continuously developing research focus. The problems of excessive mechanical forces, infection, inflammation, reduced production of growth factors, and lack of collagen will affect the results of treatment. The purpose of this study was to analysse the elements that lead to long-term non-healing of chronic wounds and trophic ulcers, including diabetic foot syndrome, by determining the optimal treatment algorithm. The paper presents an analysis of the world literature on the etiopathogenesis and principles of chronic wound treatment in diabetic foot syndrome. The epidemiology of chronic wounds of different genesis is presented. The issues of physiological and metabolic disorders in chronic ulcers affecting the process of wound healing are discussed. Particular attention is paid to collagen, which is a protein that forms the basis of connective tissue; collagen ensures the strength and elasticity of the skin, which confirms the importance of its role not only in aesthetics but also in the process of wound healing. Different types of collagen and their roles in the mechanisms of chronic wound healing in diabetic foot syndrome are described. The results of clinical studies evaluating the effectiveness of medical products and preparations, consisting of collagen with preserved (native collagen) and fractionated structures, in treating chronic wounds of diabetic foot syndrome are analysed. It has been shown that the use of native collagen preparations is a promising treatment for chronic ulcers and wounds, including diabetic foot syndrome, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the economic costs of managing these patients.
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31
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Friedemann M, Nacke B, Hagelgans A, Jandeck C, Bechmann N, Ullrich M, Belter B, Neuber C, Sukocheva O, Pietzsch J, Menschikowski M. Diverse effects of phospholipase A2 receptor expression on LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35983-35996. [PMID: 30542512 PMCID: PMC6267604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological and pathophysiological functions of the phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) are still not completely understood. To elucidate PLA2R1’s function in prostate carcinoma, the receptor was ectopically overexpressed in LNCaP with silenced PLA2R1, and diminished in PC-3 cells with constitutively increased PLA2R1 expression relative to normal prostate epithelial cells. LNCaP cells were transfected to overexpress PLA2R1 (LNCaP-PLA2R1) and compared to control vector transfected cells (LNCaP-Ctrl). Alternatively, a CRISPR/Cas9-knockdown of PLA2R1 was achieved in PC-3 cells (PC-3 KD) and compared to the corresponding control-transfected cells (PC-3 Ctrl). The impact of PLA2R1 expression on proliferative and metastatic parameters was analysed in vitro. A pilot in vivo study addressed the effects of PLA2R1 in mice xenografted with transfected LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Cell viability/proliferation and motility were significantly increased in LNCaP-PLA2R1 and PC-3 Ctrl compared to LNCaP-Ctrl and PC-3 KD cells, respectively. However, levels of apoptosis, clonogenicity and cell invasion were reduced in LNCaP-PLA2R1 and PC-3 Ctrl cells. Gene expression analysis revealed an up-regulation of fibronectin 1 (FN1), TWIST homolog 1 (TWIST1), and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) in LNCaP-PLA2R1. In LNCaP xenografts, PLA2R1-dependent regulation of clonogenicity appeared to outweigh the receptor’s pro-oncogenic properties, resulting in decreased tumour growth, supporting the tumour-suppressive role of PLA2R1. Alternatively, PC-3 Ctrl xenografts exhibited faster tumour growth compared to PC-3 KD cells, suggesting a pro-oncogenic effect of endogenous PLA2R1 expression. The differential growth-regulatory effects of PLA2R1 may be mediated by FN1, TWIST1, and CDK6 expression, although further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Friedemann
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brit Nacke
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albert Hagelgans
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Jandeck
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Bechmann
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Belter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Olga Sukocheva
- School of Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, 01328 Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Menschikowski
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Götte M, Kovalszky I. Extracellular matrix functions in lung cancer. Matrix Biol 2018; 73:105-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ojalill M, Parikainen M, Rappu P, Aalto E, Jokinen J, Virtanen N, Siljamäki E, Heino J. Integrin α2β1 decelerates proliferation, but promotes survival and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32435-32447. [PMID: 30197754 PMCID: PMC6126696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression level of integrin α2β1 is a hallmark of prostate cancer stem cell like cells. The role of this collagen receptor is controversial since it is down regulated in poorly differentiated carcinomas, but concomitantly proposed to promote metastasis. Here, we show that docetaxel resistant DU145 prostate cancer cells express high levels of α2β1 and that α2β1High subpopulation of DU145 cells proliferates slower than the cells representing α2β1Low subpopulation. To further study this initial observation we used Crispr/Cas9 technology to create an α2β1 negative DU145 cell line. Furthermore, we performed rescue experiment by transfecting α2 knockout cells with vector carrying α2 cDNA or with an empty vector for appropriate control. When these two cell lines were compared, α2β1 positive cells proliferated slower, were more resistant to docetaxel and also migrated more effectively on collagen and invaded faster through matrigel or collagen. Integrin α2β1 was demonstrated to be a positive regulator of p38 MAPK phosphorylation and a selective p38 inhibitor (SB203580) promoted proliferation and inhibited invasion. Effects of α2β1 integrin on the global gene expression pattern of DU145 cells in spheroid cultures were studied by RNA sequencing. Integrin α2β1 was shown to regulate several cancer progression related genes, most notably matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), a recognized invasion promoting protein. To conclude, the fact that α2β1 decelerates cell proliferation may explain the dominance of α2β1 negative/low cells in primary sites of poorly differentiated carcinomas, while the critical role of α2β1 integrin in invasion stresses the importance of this adhesion receptor in cancer dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pekka Rappu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Aalto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Jokinen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Virtanen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Siljamäki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jyrki Heino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Vitamin C in Stem Cell Biology: Impact on Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis and Epigenetics. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:8936156. [PMID: 28512473 PMCID: PMC5415867 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8936156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors and signaling molecules are well-known regulators of stem cell identity and behavior; however, increasing evidence indicates that environmental cues contribute to this complex network of stimuli, acting as crucial determinants of stem cell fate. l-Ascorbic acid (vitamin C (VitC)) has gained growing interest for its multiple functions and mechanisms of action, contributing to the homeostasis of normal tissues and organs as well as to tissue regeneration. Here, we review the main functions of VitC and its effects on stem cells, focusing on its activity as cofactor of Fe+2/αKG dioxygenases, which regulate the epigenetic signatures, the redox status, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, depending on the enzymes' subcellular localization. Acting as cofactor of collagen prolyl hydroxylases in the endoplasmic reticulum, VitC regulates ECM/collagen homeostasis and plays a key role in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and tendons. In the nucleus, VitC enhances the activity of DNA and histone demethylases, improving somatic cell reprogramming and pushing embryonic stem cell towards the naive pluripotent state. The broad spectrum of actions of VitC highlights its relevance for stem cell biology in both physiology and disease.
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Yingzhu K, Shujuan G, Chengcheng L, Yi D. [Research progression of the relationship between integrin α2β1 and drug-induced gingival overgrowth]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:99-103. [PMID: 28326736 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is characterized by fibrous gingival hyperplasia and increased gingival volume. DIGO is histologically associated with proliferation of cells and deposition of extracellular matrices, particularly collagen. Integrin α2β1 is related to collagen phagocytosis and involved in the occurrence and progression of DIGO. This paper reviews the progress of research on the relationship between integrin α2β1 and DIGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yingzhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guo Shujuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liu Chengcheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ding Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abstract
Fibrillar collagens (types I, II, III, V, XI, XXIV and XXVII) constitute a sub-group within the collagen family (of which there are 28 types in humans) whose functions are to provide three-dimensional frameworks for tissues and organs. These networks confer mechanical strength as well as signalling and organizing functions through binding to cellular receptors and other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we describe the structure and assembly of fibrillar collagens, and their procollagen precursors, from the molecular to the tissue level. We show how the structure of the collagen triple-helix is influenced by the amino acid sequence, hydrogen bonding and post-translational modifications, such as prolyl 4-hydroxylation. The numerous steps in the biosynthesis of the fibrillar collagens are reviewed with particular attention to the role of prolyl 3-hydroxylation, collagen chaperones, trimerization of procollagen chains and proteolytic maturation. The multiple steps controlling fibril assembly are then discussed with a focus on the cellular control of this process in vivo. Our current understanding of the molecular packing in collagen fibrils, from different tissues, is then summarized on the basis of data from X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. These results provide structural insights into how collagen fibrils interact with cell receptors, other fibrillar and non-fibrillar collagens and other ECM components, as well as enzymes involved in cross-linking and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Bella
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - David J S Hulmes
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Unit (UMR5305), CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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37
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Ghatak S, Niland S, Schulz JN, Wang F, Eble JA, Leitges M, Mauch C, Krieg T, Zigrino P, Eckes B. Role of Integrins α1β1 and α2β1 in Wound and Tumor Angiogenesis in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:3011-3027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Contribution of collagen adhesion receptors to tissue fibrosis. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:521-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Bhadra J, Iovine MK. Hsp47 mediates Cx43-dependent skeletal growth and patterning in the regenerating fin. Mech Dev 2015; 138 Pt 3:364-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Naci D, Vuori K, Aoudjit F. Alpha2beta1 integrin in cancer development and chemoresistance. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35:145-53. [PMID: 26297892 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix, via its receptors the integrins, has emerged as a crucial factor in cancer development. The α2β1 integrin is a major collagen receptor that is widely expressed and known to promote cell migration and control tissue homeostasis. Growing evidence suggests that it can be a key pathway in cancer. Recent studies have shown that α2β1 integrin is a regulator of cancer metastasis either by promoting or inhibiting the dissemination process of cancer cells. The α2β1 integrin signaling can also enhance tumor angiogenesis. Emerging evidence supports a role for α2β1 integrin in cancer chemoresistance especially in hematological malignancies originating from the T cell lineage. In addition, α2β1 integrin has been associated with cancer stem cells. In this review, we will discuss the complex role of α2β1 integrin in these processes. Collagen is a major matrix protein of the tumor microenvironment and thus, understanding how α2β1 integrin regulates cancer pathogenesis is likely to lead to new therapeutic approaches and agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Naci
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe des maladies infectieuses et immunitaires and Département de Microbiologie-Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Kristiina Vuori
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fawzi Aoudjit
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe des maladies infectieuses et immunitaires and Département de Microbiologie-Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Aro E, Salo AM, Khatri R, Finnilä M, Miinalainen I, Sormunen R, Pakkanen O, Holster T, Soininen R, Prein C, Clausen-Schaumann H, Aszódi A, Tuukkanen J, Kivirikko KI, Schipani E, Myllyharju J. Severe Extracellular Matrix Abnormalities and Chondrodysplasia in Mice Lacking Collagen Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Isoenzyme II in Combination with a Reduced Amount of Isoenzyme I. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16964-78. [PMID: 26001784 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases (C-P4H-I, C-P4H-II, and C-P4H-III) catalyze formation of 4-hydroxyproline residues required to form triple-helical collagen molecules. Vertebrate C-P4Hs are α2β2 tetramers differing in their catalytic α subunits. C-P4H-I is the major isoenzyme in most cells, and inactivation of its catalytic subunit (P4ha1(-/-)) leads to embryonic lethality in mouse, whereas P4ha1(+/-) mice have no abnormalities. To study the role of C-P4H-II, which predominates in chondrocytes, we generated P4ha2(-/-) mice. Surprisingly, they had no apparent phenotypic abnormalities. To assess possible functional complementarity, we established P4ha1(+/-);P4ha2(-/-) mice. They were smaller than their littermates, had moderate chondrodysplasia, and developed kyphosis. A transient inner cell death phenotype was detected in their developing growth plates. The columnar arrangement of proliferative chondrocytes was impaired, the amount of 4-hydroxyproline and the Tm of collagen II were reduced, and the extracellular matrix was softer in the growth plates of newborn P4ha1(+/-);P4ha2(-/-) mice. No signs of uncompensated ER stress were detected in the mutant growth plate chondrocytes. Some of these defects were also found in P4ha2(-/-) mice, although in a much milder form. Our data show that C-P4H-I can to a large extent compensate for the lack of C-P4H-II in proper endochondral bone development, but their combined partial and complete inactivation, respectively, leads to biomechanically impaired extracellular matrix, moderate chondrodysplasia, and kyphosis. Our mouse data suggest that inactivating mutations in human P4HA2 are not likely to lead to skeletal disorders, and a simultaneous decrease in P4HA1 function would most probably be required to generate such a disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellinoora Aro
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Antti M Salo
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Richa Khatri
- the Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Mikko Finnilä
- Pathology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Raija Sormunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Pathology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Pakkanen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Tiina Holster
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Raija Soininen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Carina Prein
- the Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics and the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- the Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics and the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany, the Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany, and
| | - Attila Aszódi
- the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany, the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Clinical Center University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Kari I Kivirikko
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | | | - Johanna Myllyharju
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
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