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Fujii M, Bessho R, Akimoto T, Ishii Y. Cardioprotective effect of St. Thomas' Hospital No. 2 solution against age-related changes in aquaporin-7-deficient mice. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:368-375. [PMID: 37691043 PMCID: PMC11127861 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-023-01975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether St. Thomas' Hospital No. 2 solution (STH2) is equally effective in both young and aged aquaporin-7-knockout (AQP7-KO) mice and the mechanisms by which the intra-myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content is altered during ischemia without aquaporin-7. METHODS In study 1, isolated hearts of male wild-type (WT) and AQP7-KO mice (< 12 weeks old) were Langendorff perfused with 5-min STH2 prior to a 20-min global ischemia (GI) or 25-min GI without STH2. Similarly, in Study 2, hearts from WT and AQP7-KO mice (≥ 24 weeks old) were subjected to 2-min STH2 infusion prior to GI. In study 3, intra-myocardial ATP content was compared before (sham) and after (control or STH2) ischemia in mature WT and AQP7-KO mice. RESULTS In study 1, troponin T levels (ng/g wet weight) of WT and AQP7-KO hearts were significantly lower in the STH2 groups (75.6 ± 45.9 and 80.2 ± 52.2, respectively) than in the GI groups (934.0 ± 341.1 and 1089.3 ± 182.5, respectively). In Study 2, troponin T levels in aged WT and AQP7-KO mice were 566.5 ± 550.0 and 547.8 ± 594.3, respectively (p = 0.9561). In Study 3, ATP levels (μmol/g protein) in the sham, control, and STH2 AQP7-KO mice groups were 4.45, 2.57, and 3.37, respectively(p = 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed the cardio-protective efficacy of STH2 in an experimental model of isolated AQP7-KO young and aged murine hearts. Further, STH2 preserved intra-myocardial ATP during ischemia with Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfusion in the Langendorff setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Fujii
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, 1715 Kamagari, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1694, Japan.
| | - Ryuzo Bessho
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, 1715 Kamagari, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1694, Japan
| | - Toshio Akimoto
- Laboratory Animal Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ishii
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
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Tan Y, Martin TG, Harrison BC, Leinwand LA. Utility of the burmese Python as a model for studying plasticity of extreme physiological systems. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2023; 44:95-106. [PMID: 36316565 PMCID: PMC10149580 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-022-09632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-traditional animal models present an opportunity to discover novel biology that has evolved to allow such animals to survive in extreme environments. One striking example is the Burmese python (Python molurus bivittatus), which exhibits extreme physiological adaptation in various metabolic organs after consuming a large meal following long periods of fasting. The response to such a large meal in pythons involves a dramatic surge in metabolic rate, lipid overload in plasma, and massive but reversible organ growth through the course of digestion. Multiple studies have reported the physiological responses in post-prandial pythons, while the specific molecular control of these processes is less well-studied. Investigating the mechanisms that coordinate organ growth and adaptive responses offers the opportunity to gain novel insight that may be able to treat various pathologies in humans. Here, we summarize past research on the post-prandial physiological changes in the Burmese python with a focus on the gastrointestinal tract, heart, and liver. Specifically, we address our recent molecular discoveries in the post-prandial python liver which demonstrate transient adaptations that may reveal new therapeutic targets. Lastly, we explore new biology of the aquaporin 7 gene that is potently upregulated in mammalian cardiac myocytes by circulating factors in post-prandial python plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Tan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder. 3415 Colorado Ave, UCB 596, 80309, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder. 3415 Colorado Ave, UCB 596, 80309, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Brooke C Harrison
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder. 3415 Colorado Ave, UCB 596, 80309, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Leslie A Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder. 3415 Colorado Ave, UCB 596, 80309, Boulder, CO, USA.
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Wei XH, Liu WJ, Jiang W, Lan TH, Pan H, Ma MY, You LZ, Shang HC. XinLi formula, a traditional Chinese decoction, alleviates chronic heart failure via regulating the interaction of AGTR1 and AQP1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154722. [PMID: 36867964 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND XinLi formula (XLF) is a traditional Chinese medicine used in clinical practice to treat chronic heart failure (CHF) in humans, with remarkable curative effect. However, the mechanism remains unknown. PURPOSE The goal of the current investigation was to determine how XLF affected CHF in a rat model of the condition brought on by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and to investigate the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography. The contents of myocardial enzymes, Ang II, ALD, TGF-β1, and inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA. Myocardial injury and myocardial fibrosis were evaluated by HE and Masson staining. Myocardial edema was assessed by cardiac mass index and transmission electron microscopy. Using Western blot and immunohistochemistry to examining the protein expression of inflammasome, TGF-β1, AGTR1, and AQP1 in the left ventricle. Furthermore, the interaction of AGTR1 and AQP1 was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS XLF attenuated myocardial enzymes and myocardial injury, and improved cardiac function in rats with CHF after myocardial infarction. It also reduced Ang II and ALD levels in CHF rats, and suppressed the expression of AGTR1 and TGF-β1, finally alleviated myocardial fibrosis. By mechanism, XLF inhibited the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins, reduced the plasma contents of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and TNF-α. Additionally, XLF inhibited the expression of AQP1 and the interaction of AGTR1 and AQP1, alleviating myocardial edema. The common structure of the main chemical constituents of XLF were glycoside compounds with glycosyl. CONCLUSION XLF ameliorated CHF, which was evidenced by the alleviation of myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting AGTR1/NLRP3 signal, as well as the attenuation of myocardial edema by suppressing the interaction of AGTR1 and AQP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou 510020, China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510020, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou 510020, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510020, China
| | - Tao-Hua Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510020, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou 510020, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510020, China
| | - Hai'e Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ming-Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liang-Zhen You
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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Kong X, Sun H, Wei K, Meng L, Lv X, Liu C, Lin F, Gu X. WGCNA combined with machine learning algorithms for analyzing key genes and immune cell infiltration in heart failure due to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1058834. [PMID: 37008314 PMCID: PMC10064046 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1058834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIschemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) induced heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. This study aimed to find candidate genes for ICM-HF and to identify relevant biomarkers by machine learning (ML).MethodsThe expression data of ICM-HF and normal samples were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ICM-HF and normal group were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, gene pathway enrichment analysis (GSEA), and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were performed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to screen for disease-associated modules, and relevant genes were derived using four ML algorithms. The diagnostic values of candidate genes were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The immune cell infiltration analysis was performed between the ICM-HF and normal group. Validation was performed using another gene set.ResultsA total of 313 DEGs were identified between ICM-HF and normal group of GSE57345, which were mainly enriched in biological processes and pathways related to cell cycle regulation, lipid metabolism pathways, immune response pathways, and intrinsic organelle damage regulation. GSEA results showed positive correlations with pathways such as cholesterol metabolism in the ICM-HF group compared to normal group and lipid metabolism in adipocytes. GSEA results also showed a positive correlation with pathways such as cholesterol metabolism and a negative correlation with pathways such as lipolytic presentation in adipocytes compared to normal group. Combining multiple ML and cytohubba algorithms yielded 11 relevant genes. After validation using the GSE42955 validation sets, the 7 genes obtained by the machine learning algorithm were well verified. The immune cell infiltration analysis showed significant differences in mast cells, plasma cells, naive B cells, and NK cells.ConclusionCombined analysis using WGCNA and ML identified coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 4 (CHCHD4), transmembrane protein 53 (TMEM53), acid phosphatase 3 (ACPP), aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (AASDH), purinergic receptor P2Y1 (P2RY1), caspase 3 (CASP3) and aquaporin 7 (AQP7) as potential biomarkers of ICM-HF. ICM-HF may be closely related to pathways such as mitochondrial damage and disorders of lipid metabolism, while the infiltration of multiple immune cells was identified to play a critical role in the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiangJin Kong
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - HouRong Sun
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - KaiMing Wei
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - LingWei Meng
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - ChuanZhen Liu
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - FuShun Lin
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - XingHua Gu
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Correspondence: XingHua Gu
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Shangzu Z, Dingxiong X, ChengJun M, Yan C, Yangyang L, Zhiwei L, Ting Z, Zhiming M, Yiming Z, Liying Z, Yongqi L. Aquaporins: Important players in the cardiovascular pathophysiology. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106363. [PMID: 35905892 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin is a membrane channel protein widely expressed in body tissues, which can control the input and output of water in cells. AQPs are differentially expressed in different cardiovascular tissues and participate in water transmembrane transport, cell migration, metabolism, inflammatory response, etc. The aberrant expression of AQPs highly correlates with the onset of ischemic heart disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, etc. Despite much attention to the regulatory role of AQPs in the cardiovascular system, the translation of AQPs into clinical application still faces many challenges, including clarification of the localization of AQPs in the cardiovascular system and mechanisms mediating cardiovascular pathophysiology, as well as the development of cardiovascular-specific AQPs modulators.Therefore, in this study, we comprehensively reviewed the critical roles of AQP family proteins in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and described the underlying mechanisms by which AQPs mediated the outcomes of cardiovascular diseases. Meanwhile, AQPs serve as important therapeutic targets, which provide a wide range of opportunities to investigate the mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases and the treatment of those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Shangzu
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Xie Dingxiong
- Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou,China
| | - Ma ChengJun
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Li Yangyang
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Liu Zhiwei
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Zhou Ting
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Miao Zhiming
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Zhang Yiming
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China
| | - Zhang Liying
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China; Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou,China.
| | - Liu Yongqi
- Gansu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, LanZhou, China; Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, China.
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The role of AQP3 and AQP4 channels in cisplatin-induced cardiovascular edema and the protective effect of melatonin. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7457-7465. [PMID: 34657253 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluates the development of edema, the change in the AQP3, AQP4, p53 and Bax gene expressions, and the protective effects of melatonin in rat hearts administered with cisplatin. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 28 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. The vehicle was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to the rats in the control group. The melatonin group (Mel) received melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 13 days. The cisplatin group (Cis) received cisplatin on days 1, 5, 9 and 13 at a dose of 4 mg/kg. The rats in the cisplatin + melatonin (Cis+Mel) group underwent the procedures both in the Mel and Cis groups. Blood and left ventricular samples were taken and analyzed on day 14 of the study. AQP3, p53 and Bax gene expressions were found to be significantly increased following cisplatin administration compared to the control, while melatonin administration significantly decreased the expression of these genes (p < 0.05). Melatonin administration also significantly decreased the level of AQP4 gene expression compared to the cis. On histological examination, congestion, hemorrhage, extracellular and intracellular edema, and degenerative changes were significantly more common in the Cis than in the control. Melatonin administration significantly decreased intracellular edema (p = 0.010) and degenerative changes (p = 0.010), and the improvement in extracellular edema was close to statistical significance (p = 0.051) in melatonin. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that melatonin had an ameliorative effect on myocardial edema and AQP channels, and that it may be used as a protective molecule against myocardial edema secondary to cisplatin administration.
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Oztopuz O, Coskun O, Buyuk B. Alterations in aquaporin gene expression level on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiac injury and possible protective role of Ganoderma lucidum. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Aquaporins in the nervous structures supplying the digestive organs – a review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of integral membrane proteins which form pores in cell membranes and take part in the transport of water, contributing to the maintenance of water and electrolyte balance and are widely distributed in various tissues and organs. The high expression of AQPs has been described in the digestive system, where large-scale absorption and secretion of fluids occurs. AQPs are also present in the nervous system, but the majority of studies have involved the central nervous system. This paper is a review of the literature concerning relatively little-known issues, i.e. the distribution and functions of AQPs in nervous structures supplying the digestive organs.
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Swietlik EM, Prapa M, Martin JM, Pandya D, Auckland K, Morrell NW, Gräf S. 'There and Back Again'-Forward Genetics and Reverse Phenotyping in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1408. [PMID: 33256119 PMCID: PMC7760524 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the invention of right heart catheterisation in the 1950s enabled accurate clinical diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), it was not until 2000 when the landmark discovery of the causative role of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2) mutations shed new light on the pathogenesis of PAH. Since then several genes have been discovered, which now account for around 25% of cases with the clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PAH. Despite the ongoing efforts, in the majority of patients the cause of the disease remains elusive, a phenomenon often referred to as "missing heritability". In this review, we discuss research approaches to uncover the genetic architecture of PAH starting with forward phenotyping, which in a research setting should focus on stable intermediate phenotypes, forward and reverse genetics, and finally reverse phenotyping. We then discuss potential sources of "missing heritability" and how functional genomics and multi-omics methods are employed to tackle this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia M. Swietlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Matina Prapa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Divya Pandya
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Kathryn Auckland
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
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Bortner CD, Cidlowski JA. Ions, the Movement of Water and the Apoptotic Volume Decrease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:611211. [PMID: 33324655 PMCID: PMC7723978 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.611211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The movement of water across the cell membrane is a natural biological process that occurs during growth, cell division, and cell death. Many cells are known to regulate changes in their cell volume through inherent compensatory regulatory mechanisms. Cells can sense an increase or decrease in their cell volume, and compensate through mechanisms known as a regulatory volume increase (RVI) or decrease (RVD) response, respectively. The transport of sodium, potassium along with other ions and osmolytes allows the movement of water in and out of the cell. These compensatory volume regulatory mechanisms maintain a cell at near constant volume. A hallmark of the physiological cell death process known as apoptosis is the loss of cell volume or cell shrinkage. This loss of cell volume is in stark contrast to what occurs during the accidental cell death process known as necrosis. During necrosis, cells swell or gain water, eventually resulting in cell lysis. Thus, whether a cell gains or loses water after injury is a defining feature of the specific mode of cell death. Cell shrinkage or the loss of cell volume during apoptosis has been termed apoptotic volume decrease or AVD. Over the years, this distinguishing feature of apoptosis has been largely ignored and thought to be a passive occurrence or simply a consequence of the cell death process. However, studies on AVD have defined an underlying movement of ions that result in not only the loss of cell volume, but also the activation and execution of the apoptotic process. This review explores the role ions play in controlling not only the movement of water, but the regulation of apoptosis. We will focus on what is known about specific ion channels and transporters identified to be involved in AVD, and how the movement of ions and water change the intracellular environment leading to stages of cell shrinkage and associated apoptotic characteristics. Finally, we will discuss these concepts as they apply to different cell types such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and corneal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl D Bortner
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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Knock GA. NADPH oxidase in the vasculature: Expression, regulation and signalling pathways; role in normal cardiovascular physiology and its dysregulation in hypertension. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:385-427. [PMID: 31585207 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last 20-25 years have seen an explosion of interest in the role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) in cardiovascular function and disease. In vascular smooth muscle and endothelium, NOX generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as second messengers, contributing to the control of normal vascular function. NOX activity is altered in response to a variety of stimuli, including G-protein coupled receptor agonists, growth-factors, perfusion pressure, flow and hypoxia. NOX-derived ROS are involved in smooth muscle constriction, endothelium-dependent relaxation and smooth muscle growth, proliferation and migration, thus contributing to the fine-tuning of blood flow, arterial wall thickness and vascular resistance. Through reversible oxidative modification of target proteins, ROS regulate the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases, kinases, G proteins, ion channels, cytoskeletal proteins and transcription factors. There is now considerable, but somewhat contradictory evidence that NOX contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension through oxidative stress. Specific NOX isoforms have been implicated in endothelial dysfunction, hyper-contractility and vascular remodelling in various animal models of hypertension, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension, but also have potential protective effects, particularly NOX4. This review explores the multiplicity of NOX function in the healthy vasculature and the evidence for and against targeting NOX for antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A Knock
- Dpt. of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
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Vilahur G, Gutiérrez M, Casani L, Lambert C, Mendieta G, Ben-Aicha S, Capdevila A, Pons-Lladó G, Carreras F, Carlsson L, Hidalgo A, Badimon L. P2Y12 antagonists and cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction: global and regional heart function analysis and molecular assessments in pigs. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1860-1870. [PMID: 30124783 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims P2Y12 antagonists are the standard in antiplatelet therapy but their potential effects on functional myocardial recovery and cardioprotection post-myocardial infarction (MI) are unknown. We investigated in a preclinical model of MI whether ticagrelor and clopidogrel differently affect cardiac repair post-MI. Methods and results Pigs either received: (i) clopidogrel (600 mg; 75 mg/qd); (ii) ticagrelor (180 mg; 90 mg/bid); and (iii) placebo control. MI was induced by mid-left anterior descending coronary artery balloon occlusion (60 min) and animals received the maintenance doses for the following 42 days. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance was performed at Day 3 and Day 42 for the assessment of global and regional cardiac parameters. We determined cardiac AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt/PKB, aquaporin-4, vascular density, and fibrosis. In comparison to controls, both P2Y12 antagonists limited infarct expansion at Day 3, although ticagrelor induced a further 5% reduction (P < 0.05 vs. clopidogrel) whereas oedema was only reduced by ticagrelor (≈23% P < 0.05). Scar size decreased at Day 42 in ticagrelor-treated pigs vs. controls but not in clopidogrel-treated pigs. Left ventricular ejection fraction was higher 3 days post-MI in ticagrelor-treated pigs and persisted up to Day 42 (P < 0.05 vs. post-MI). Regional analysis revealed that control and clopidogrel-treated pigs had severe and extensive wall motion abnormalities in the jeopardized myocardium and a reduced myocardial viability that was not as evident in ticagrelor-treated pigs (χ2P < 0.05 vs. ticagrelor). Only ticagrelor enhanced myocardial AMPK and Akt/PKB activation and reduced aquaporin-4 levels (P < 0.05 vs. control and clopidogrel). No differences were observed in vessel density and fibrosis markers among groups. Conclusions Ticagrelor is more efficient than clopidogrel in attenuating myocardial structural and functional alterations post-MI and in improving cardiac healing. These benefits are associated with persistent AMPK and Akt/PKB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni M a Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni M a Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casani
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni M a Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Lambert
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni M a Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Capdevila
- Radiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Pons-Lladó
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Carreras
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Carlsson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Alberto Hidalgo
- Radiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Program ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni M a Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair UAB (Autonomous University of Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Chen CY, Liao PL, Tsai CH, Chan YJ, Cheng YW, Hwang LL, Lin KH, Yen TL, Li CH. Inhaled gold nanoparticles cause cerebral edema and upregulate endothelial aquaporin 1 expression, involving caveolin 1 dependent repression of extracellular regulated protein kinase activity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:37. [PMID: 31619255 PMCID: PMC6796418 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have extensive applications in electronics and biomedicine, resulting in increased exposure and prompting safety concerns for human health. After absorption, nanoparticles enter circulation and effect endothelial cells. We previously showed that exposure to Au-NPs (40–50 nm) collapsed endothelial tight junctions and increased their paracellular permeability. Inhaled nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their biodistribution in the brain; however, little is known regarding their role in cerebral edema. The present study investigated the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the cerebral endothelial cell line, bEnd.3, stimulated by Au-NPs. Results We found that treatment with Au-NPs induced AQP1 expression and increased endothelial permeability to water. Au-NP exposure rapidly boosted the phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT, increased the accumulation of caveolin 1 (Cav1), and reduced the activity of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK). The inhibition of AKT (GDC-0068) or FAK (PF-573228) not only rescued ERK activity but also prevented AQP1 induction, whereas Au-NP-mediated Cav1 accumulation remained unaltered. Neither these signaling molecules nor AQP1 expression responded to Au-NPs while Cav1 was silenced. Inhibition of ERK activity (U0126) remarkably enhanced Cav1 and AQP1 expression in bEnd.3 cells. These data demonstrate that Au-NP-mediated AQP1 induction is Cav1 dependent, but requires the repression on ERK activity. Mice receiving intranasally administered Au-NPs displayed cerebral edema, significantly augmented AQP1 protein levels; furthermore, mild focal lesions were observed in the cerebral parenchyma. Conclusions These data suggest that the subacute exposure of nanoparticles might induce cerebral edema, involving the Cav1 dependent accumulation on endothelial AQP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Tsai
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Hwang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ling Yen
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 22174, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Verkerk AO, Lodder EM, Wilders R. Aquaporin Channels in the Heart-Physiology and Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082039. [PMID: 31027200 PMCID: PMC6514906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels expressed in a large variety of cells and tissues throughout the body. They are known as water channels, but they also facilitate the transport of small solutes, gasses, and monovalent cations. To date, 13 different AQPs, encoded by the genes AQP0–AQP12, have been identified in mammals, which regulate various important biological functions in kidney, brain, lung, digestive system, eye, and skin. Consequently, dysfunction of AQPs is involved in a wide variety of disorders. AQPs are also present in the heart, even with a specific distribution pattern in cardiomyocytes, but whether their presence is essential for proper (electro)physiological cardiac function has not intensively been studied. This review summarizes recent findings and highlights the involvement of AQPs in normal and pathological cardiac function. We conclude that AQPs are at least implicated in proper cardiac water homeostasis and energy balance as well as heart failure and arsenic cardiotoxicity. However, this review also demonstrates that many effects of cardiac AQPs, especially on excitation-contraction coupling processes, are virtually unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie O Verkerk
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elisabeth M Lodder
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ronald Wilders
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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15
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Socha MJ, Segal SS. Microvascular mechanisms limiting skeletal muscle blood flow with advancing age. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1851-1859. [PMID: 30412030 PMCID: PMC6737458 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective oxygen delivery to active muscle fibers requires that vasodilation initiated in distal arterioles, which control flow distribution and capillary perfusion, ascends the resistance network into proximal arterioles and feed arteries, which govern total blood flow into the muscle. With exercise onset, ascending vasodilation reflects initiation and conduction of hyperpolarization along endothelium from arterioles into feed arteries. Electrical coupling of endothelial cells to smooth muscle cells evokes the rapid component of ascending vasodilation, which is sustained by ensuing release of nitric oxide during elevated luminal shear stress. Concomitant sympathetic neural activation inhibits ascending vasodilation by stimulating α-adrenoreceptors on smooth muscle cells to constrict the resistance vasculature. We hypothesized that compromised muscle blood flow in advanced age reflects impaired ascending vasodilation through actions on both cell layers of the resistance network. In the gluteus maximus muscle of old (24 mo) vs. young (4 mo) male mice (corresponding to mid-60s vs. early 20s in humans) inhibition of α-adrenoreceptors in old mice restored ascending vasodilation, whereas even minimal activation of α-adrenoreceptors in young mice attenuated ascending vasodilation in the manner seen with aging. Conduction of hyperpolarization along the endothelium is impaired in old vs. young mice because of "leaky" membranes resulting from the activation of potassium channels by hydrogen peroxide released from endothelial cells. Exposing the endothelium of young mice to hydrogen peroxide recapitulates this effect of aging. Thus enhanced α-adrenoreceptor activation of smooth muscle in concert with electrically leaky endothelium restricts muscle blood flow by impairing ascending vasodilation in advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Socha
- Biology Department, University of Scranton , Scranton, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven S Segal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center , Columbia, Missouri
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16
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Dajani S, Saripalli A, Sharma-Walia N. Water transport proteins-aquaporins (AQPs) in cancer biology. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36392-36405. [PMID: 30555637 PMCID: PMC6284741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As highly conserved ubiquitous proteins, aquaporins (AQPs) play an imperative role in the development and progression of cancer. By trafficking water and other small molecules, AQPs play a vital role in preserving the cellular environment. Due to their critical role in cell stability and integrity, it would make sense that AQPs are involved in cancer progression. When AQPs alter the cellular environment, there may be several downstream effects such as alterations in cellular osmolality, volume, ionic composition, and signaling pathways. Changes in the intracellular levels of certain molecules serving as second messengers are synchronized by AQPs. Thus AQPs regulate numerous downstream effector signaling molecules that promote cancer development and progression. In numerous cancer types, AQP expression has shown a correlation with tumor stage and prognosis. Furthermore, AQPs assist in angiogenic and oxidative stress related damaging processes critical for cancer progression. This indicates that AQP proteins may be a viable therapeutic target or biomarker of cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Dajani
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anand Saripalli
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neelam Sharma-Walia
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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17
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Song D, Liu X, Diao Y, Sun Y, Gao G, Zhang T, Chen K, Pei L. Hydrogen‑rich solution against myocardial injury and aquaporin expression via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during cardiopulmonary bypass in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1925-1938. [PMID: 29956781 PMCID: PMC6072160 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia, hypoxia and reperfusion injury are induced by aortic occlusion, cardiac arrest and resuscitation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which can severely affect cardiac function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich solution (HRS) and aquaporin (AQP) on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-induced myocardial injury, and determine the mechanism of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into a sham operation group, a CPB surgery group and a HRS group. A CPB model was established, and the hemodynamic parameters were determined at the termination of CPB. The myocardial tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining. The levels of myocardial injury markers [adult cardiac troponin I (cTnI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)], inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] and oxidative stress indicators [superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)] were determined by ELISA. Furthermore, H9C2 cells were treated with HRS following hypoxia/reoxygenation. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were investigated. The expression of apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (Bcl-2), apoptosis regulator Bax (Bax), caspase 3, AQP-1, AQP-4, phosphorylated (p)-Akt, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were investigated using western blotting and quantitative-polymerase chain reaction of tissues and cells. Following CPB, myocardial cell arrangement was disordered, myocardial injury markers (cTnI, LDH, CK-MB and BNP), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and MDA levels were significantly increased compared with the sham group; whereas the SOD levels were significantly downregulated following CPB compared with the sham group. HRS attenuated myocardial injury, reduced the expression levels of cTnI, LDH, CK-MB, BNP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA and MPO, and increased SOD release. Levels of Bcl-2, AQP-1, AQP-4, p-Akt, HO-1 and Nrf2 were significantly increased following HRS; whereas Bax and caspase-3 expression levels were significantly reduced following CPB. HRS treatment significantly increased the viability of myocardial cells, reduced the rate of myocardial cell apoptosis and the release of MDA and LDH compared with the CPB group. A PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) was revealed to reverse the protective effect of HRS treatment. HRS was demonstrated to attenuate CPB-induced myocardial injury, suppress AQP-1 and AQP-4 expression following CPB treatment and protect myocardial cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xuelei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yugang Diao
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Guangjie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 463rd Hospital of People's Liberation Army China, Shenyang, Liaoning 110012, P.R. China
| | - Tiezheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Keyan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Ling Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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18
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Aquaporin Membrane Channels in Oxidative Stress, Cell Signaling, and Aging: Recent Advances and Research Trends. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1501847. [PMID: 29770164 PMCID: PMC5892239 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1501847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a result of aerobic metabolism and as by-products through numerous physiological and biochemical processes. While ROS-dependent modifications are fundamental in transducing intracellular signals controlling pleiotropic functions, imbalanced ROS can cause oxidative damage, eventually leading to many chronic diseases. Moreover, increased ROS and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are main key factors in dysfunctions underlying aging, frailty, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Extensive investigation aims to elucidate the beneficial effects of ROS and NO, providing novel insights into the current medical treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases of high epidemiological impact. This review focuses on emerging topics encompassing the functional involvement of aquaporin channel proteins (AQPs) and membrane transport systems, also allowing permeation of NO and hydrogen peroxide, a major ROS, in oxidative stress physiology and pathophysiology. The most recent advances regarding the modulation exerted by food phytocompounds with antioxidant action on AQPs are also reviewed.
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