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Herrera-Quintana L, Vázquez-Lorente H, Carneiro-Barrera A, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Castillo MJ, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Is There a Relationship of Cortisol and Sex Steroid Hormones With Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults? The FIT-AGEING Study. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:970-977. [PMID: 39032832 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental health has emerged as a worldwide concern given the increasing incidence of anxiety and depression disorders in the last years. Cortisol and sex steroid hormones have been demonstrated to be important regulators of mental health processes in older adults. However, the evidence considering these integrated variables in apparently healthy middle-aged individuals has not been thoroughly addressed. The present study aimed to investigate the association of the plasma cortisol, testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels with mental health in middle-aged adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 73 middle-aged adults aged 45 to 65 years (women, 53%). Plasma cortisol, testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS were assessed using a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Free testosterone was calculated from the total testosterone and SHBG. Self-reported depression severity, generic health-related quality of life, hope, satisfaction with life, and optimism-pessimism were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Adult Hope Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Life Orientation Test-Revised, respectively-with higher total scores of these scales indicating greater levels of these variables. RESULTS The testosterone and free testosterone levels were inversely associated with the BDI-II values in men (all P ≤ .042). The cortisol levels were positively related with the Satisfaction with Life Scale scores, whereas the testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS levels were negatively correlated with the BDI-II values in women (all P ≤ .045). CONCLUSION In summary, these results suggest that the increased levels of steroid hormones-within the normal values-are associated with better mental health in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas
- Department of Psychiatry and CTS-549 Research Group, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Crawford DW, Patel KR, Swiecka A, Bond J, Tiwari A, Plaisted NM, Rednam N, McKeen KM, Patel HM, Sharma P, Roslewicz E, Matzel LD. Unpredictable Mixed-Valence Outcomes Induce a Chronic and Reversible Generalized Anxiety-like Phenotype in Male Mice. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100318. [PMID: 38883866 PMCID: PMC11179253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical anxiety is a generalized state characterized by feelings of apprehensive expectation and is distinct from momentary responses such as fear or stress. In contrast, most laboratory tests of anxiety focus on acute responses to momentary stressors. Methods Apprehensive expectation was induced by subjecting mice (for 18 days) to manipulations in which a running response (experiment 1) or a conditioned stimulus (experiment 2) were unpredictably paired with reward (food) or punishment (footshock). Before this treatment, the mice were tested in an open field and light/dark box to assess momentary responses that are asserted to reflect state anxiety. After treatment, the mice were assessed for state anxiety in an elevated plus maze, social interaction test, startle response test, intrusive object burying test, and stress-induced corticosterone elevations. In experiment 3, we treated mice similarly to experiment 1, but after mixed-valence training, some mice received either no additional training, additional mixed-valence training, or were shifted to consistent (predictable) reinforcement with food. Results We consistently observed an increase in anxiety-like behaviors after the experience with mixed-valence unpredictable reinforcement. This generalized anxiety persisted for at least 4 weeks after the mixed-valence training and could be reversed if the mixed-valence training was followed by predictable reinforcement with food. Conclusions Results indicate that experience with unpredictable reward/punishment can induce a chronic state analogous to generalized anxiety that can be mitigated by exposure to stable, predictable conditions. This learned apprehension protocol provides a conceptually valid model for the study of the etiology and treatment of anxiety in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan W Crawford
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Komal R Patel
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ashley Swiecka
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Julia Bond
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Alisha Tiwari
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Nicole M Plaisted
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Nikita Rednam
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Kelsey M McKeen
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Himali M Patel
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Pranu Sharma
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Emilia Roslewicz
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Louis D Matzel
- Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral & Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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Zhang Y, Lv Q, Yin Y, Wang H, Bueber MA, Phillips MR, Li T. Research in China about the biological mechanisms that potentially link socioenvironmental changes and mental health: a scoping review. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 45:100610. [PMID: 38699292 PMCID: PMC11064722 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
China's rapid socioeconomic development since 1990 makes it a fitting location to summarise research about how biological changes associated with socioenvironmental changes affect population mental health and, thus, lay the groundwork for subsequent, more focused studies. An initial search identified 308 review articles in the international literature about biomarkers associated with 12 common mental health disorders. We then searched for studies conducted in China that assessed the association of the identified mental health related-biomarkers with socioenvironmental factors in English-language and Chinese-language databases. We located 1330 articles published between 1 January 1990 and 1 August 2021 that reported a total of 3567 associations between 56 specific biomarkers and 11 socioenvironmental factors: 3156 (88·5%) about six types of environmental pollution, 381 (10·7%) about four health-related behaviours (diet, physical inactivity, internet misuse, and other lifestyle factors), and 30 (0·8%) about socioeconomic inequity. Only 245 (18·4%) of the papers simultaneously considered the possible effect of the biomarkers on mental health conditions; moreover, most of these studies assessed biomarkers in animal models of mental disorders, not human subjects. Among the 245 papers, mental health conditions were linked with biomarkers of environmental pollution in 188 (76·7%), with biomarkers of health-related behaviours in 48 (19·6%), and with biomarkers of socioeconomic inequality in 9 (3·7%). The 604 biomarker-mental health condition associations reported (107 in human subjects and 497 in animal models) included 379 (62·7%) about cognitive functioning, 117 (19·4%) about anxiety, 56 (9·3%) about depression, 21 (3·5%) about neurodevelopmental conditions, and 31 (5·1%) about neurobehavioural symptoms. Improved understanding of the biological mechanisms linking socioenvironmental changes to community mental health will require expanding the range of socioenvironmental factors considered, including mental health outcomes in more of the studies about the association of biomarkers with socioenvironmental factors, and increasing the proportion of studies that assess mental health outcomes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyue Lv
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yubing Yin
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- West China School of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Marlys Ann Bueber
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael Robert Phillips
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Abi-Dargham A, Moeller SJ, Ali F, DeLorenzo C, Domschke K, Horga G, Jutla A, Kotov R, Paulus MP, Rubio JM, Sanacora G, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Krystal JH. Candidate biomarkers in psychiatric disorders: state of the field. World Psychiatry 2023; 22:236-262. [PMID: 37159365 PMCID: PMC10168176 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of psychiatry is hampered by a lack of robust, reliable and valid biomarkers that can aid in objectively diagnosing patients and providing individualized treatment recommendations. Here we review and critically evaluate the evidence for the most promising biomarkers in the psychiatric neuroscience literature for autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression and bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders. Candidate biomarkers reviewed include various neuroimaging, genetic, molecular and peripheral assays, for the purposes of determining susceptibility or presence of illness, and predicting treatment response or safety. This review highlights a critical gap in the biomarker validation process. An enormous societal investment over the past 50 years has identified numerous candidate biomarkers. However, to date, the overwhelming majority of these measures have not been proven sufficiently reliable, valid and useful to be adopted clinically. It is time to consider whether strategic investments might break this impasse, focusing on a limited number of promising candidates to advance through a process of definitive testing for a specific indication. Some promising candidates for definitive testing include the N170 signal, an event-related brain potential measured using electroencephalography, for subgroup identification within autism spectrum disorder; striatal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures, such as the striatal connectivity index (SCI) and the functional striatal abnormalities (FSA) index, for prediction of treatment response in schizophrenia; error-related negativity (ERN), an electrophysiological index, for prediction of first onset of generalized anxiety disorder, and resting-state and structural brain connectomic measures for prediction of treatment response in social anxiety disorder. Alternate forms of classification may be useful for conceptualizing and testing potential biomarkers. Collaborative efforts allowing the inclusion of biosystems beyond genetics and neuroimaging are needed, and online remote acquisition of selected measures in a naturalistic setting using mobile health tools may significantly advance the field. Setting specific benchmarks for well-defined target application, along with development of appropriate funding and partnership mechanisms, would also be crucial. Finally, it should never be forgotten that, for a biomarker to be actionable, it will need to be clinically predictive at the individual level and viable in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Farzana Ali
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Christine DeLorenzo
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amandeep Jutla
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Jose M Rubio
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research - Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Zucker Hillside Hospital - Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Gerard Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Wang Q, Wang C, Deng Q, Zhan L, Tang Y, Li H, Antwi CO, Xiang A, Lv Y, Jia X, Ren J. Alterations of regional spontaneous brain activities in anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:233-240. [PMID: 34619449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have provided strong evidence of abnormal regional spontaneous brain activities among anxiety-disordered patients. However, the evidence has been divergent and inconclusive. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a meta-analysis identifying a common pattern of altered regional spontaneous brain activity for anxiety disorders. METHOD Corresponding research of anxiety disorders, namely, whole-brain rs-fMRI studies that measured differences in regional homogeneity, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, or fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, were analyzed in this study. Overall, seven studies with 235 anxiety-disordered patients and 241 healthy controls were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was processed by seed-based d mapping. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with anxiety disorders showed significantly decreased regional spontaneous brain activities in the right putamen, the right orbital inferior frontal gyrus, and the right temporal pole. No increases in regional spontaneous brain activities were detected in patients relative to the controls. LIMITATION Limited number of available studies, only Asian samples, and insufficient information of sample characteristics. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that anxiety disorders are associated with aberrant regional brain activity in areas connected with emotion processing, which extends our understanding of anxiety disorders' pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyue Deng
- School of Information and Electronics Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- School of Western Language, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Huayun Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Collins Opoku Antwi
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Anfeng Xiang
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Lv
- Institute of Brain Science and Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xize Jia
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
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Meyer A, Mehra L, Hajcak G. Error-related negativity predicts increases in anxiety in a sample of clinically anxious female children and adolescents over 2 years. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E472-E479. [PMID: 34346200 PMCID: PMC8410466 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased neural response to making errors has emerged as a biomarker of anxiety. Error negativity (Ne) or errorrelated negativity (ERN) is an event-related potential generated when people commit errors; the Ne/ERN is greater among people with anxiety and predicts increases in anxiety. However, no previous study has examined whether the Ne/ERN can be used as a prognostic indicator among people with current anxiety. The present study addressed this gap by examining whether the Ne/ERN prospectively predicts increases in anxiety symptoms in clinically anxious children and adolescents. METHODS The sample included 34 female participants between the ages of 8 and 14 years who met the criteria for a clinical anxiety disorder based on clinical interview. The Ne/ERN was measured using a flanker task. RESULTS Increased Ne/ERN at baseline predicted increases in total anxiety symptoms 2 years later, even when accounting for baseline symptoms. The Ne/ERN predicted increases in the symptom domains of generalized anxiety, social anxiety and harm avoidance/perfectionism, but not panic, separation anxiety, school avoidance or physical symptoms. LIMITATIONS The sample size was small, which may have inflated the false discovery rate. To mitigate this possibility, we used multiple self-report measures, and the results for the 2 measures (as well as their symptom domains) converged. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the Ne/ERN can delineate specific risk trajectories, even among those who already meet the criteria for a clinical anxiety disorder. Considering the need for prognostic markers among people with clinical anxiety, the current findings are an important and novel extension of previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Meyer
- From the Department of Psychology, Florida State University Ringgold Standard Institution, Tallahassee, FL (Meyer, Mehra, Hajcak)
| | - Lushna Mehra
- From the Department of Psychology, Florida State University Ringgold Standard Institution, Tallahassee, FL (Meyer, Mehra, Hajcak)
| | - Greg Hajcak
- From the Department of Psychology, Florida State University Ringgold Standard Institution, Tallahassee, FL (Meyer, Mehra, Hajcak)
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7
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Łoś K, Waszkiewicz N. Biological Markers in Anxiety Disorders. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1744. [PMID: 33920547 PMCID: PMC8073190 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are one of the most commonly reported disorders in psychiatry, causing a high medical and socio-economic burden. Recently, there has been a soaring interest in the biological basis of anxiety disorders, which is reflected in an increasing number of articles related to the topic. Due to the ambiguity of the diagnosis and a large number of underdiagnosed patients, researchers are looking for laboratory tests that could facilitate the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in clinical practice and would allow for the earliest possible implementation of appropriate treatment. Such potential biomarkers may also be useable in monitoring the efficacy of pharmacological therapy for anxiety disorders. Therefore this article reviews the literature of potential biomarkers such as components of saliva, peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and neuroimaging studies. There are promising publications in the literature that can be useful. The most valuable and promising markers of saliva are cortisol, lysozyme, and α-amylase (sAA). In the blood, in turn, we can distinguish serotonin, brain-derived serum neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cortisol, and microRNA. Structural changes in the amygdala and hippocampus are promising neuroimaging markers, while in CSF, potential markers include oxytocin and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). Unfortunately, research in the field of biomarkers is hampered by insufficient knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders, the significant heterogeneity of anxiety disorders, frequent comorbidities, and low specificity of biomarkers. The development of appropriate biomarker panels and their assessment using new approaches may have the prospective to overcome the above-mentioned obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Łoś
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, Plac Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland;
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Wei D, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhu L, Wang L, Yuan X, Wu C. The Volatile Oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Pericarp Improved the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Gut Microbiota to Attenuate Chronic Unpredictable Stress-Induced Anxiety Behavior in Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:769-786. [PMID: 33654382 PMCID: PMC7910097 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s281575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety disorders (ADs) are the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Stress-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and dysbiosis of gut microbiota seem to contribute to the onset of ADs. This study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of volatile oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum (VOZB) on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induced anxiety behavior, as well as the altered HPA axis and gut microbiota. Methods Experimental rats were exposed to the CUS for 14 consecutive days. Meanwhile, VOZB was administered at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day for 14 days. The anxiety behavior was evaluated by elevated plus-maze (EPM) and open field (OF). The protein expressions and mRNA levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in hypothalamus was determined, as well the hormone levels of HPA axis in serum. Furthermore, gut microbiota was detected by16S rRNA gene sequencing. The chemical constituents of VOZB were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results VOZB treatment (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) increased the ratio of open-arm entries and time in EPM test, as well as the central zone entries and time in OF test. Moreover, VOZB treatment reduced the protein expressions and mRNA levels of CRH, but elevated those of GR in hypothalamus. Similarly, the hormone levels of the HPA axis in serum were decreased by VOZB treatment. Besides, VOZB treatment restored the CUS-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, raising the Sobs and Chao indexes, inhibiting Lachnospiraceae, but facilitating Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Lactobacillaceae, and Prevotellaceae. Additionally, Sobs and Chao indexes were negatively correlated to the serum corticosterone and CRH levels. Conclusion VOZB showed an ameliorative effect on CUS-induced anxiety behavior, potentially via inhibiting activation of the HPA axis and restoring the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, thus improving the stress-induced abnormality of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daneng Wei
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Zhao
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
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9
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Pasyar N, Rambod M, Araghi F. The effect of bergamot orange essence on anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha amylase in patients prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A controlled trial study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 39:101153. [PMID: 32379683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effect of bergamot orange essence on anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha amylase in patients prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS This clinical trial with pre-post design was conducted on 60 candidates for cholecystectomy. The participants were randomly divided into an intervention and a control group. The intervention group participants underwent aromatherapy using two drops of 3% bergamot orange essence, while the control group ones inhaled two drops of odourless grape seed oil. Anxiety mean score and salivary cortisol and alpha amylase levels were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS A significant difference was found between the groups regarding anxiety (F = 9.00, p = 0.004) and alpha amylase level (F = 9.46, p = 0.003) after the intervention. CONCLUSION Bergamot orange essence decreased anxiety and salivary alpha amylase level. Therefore, this method can be used as a complementary technique to reduce patients' anxiety prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. IRCT REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT20171113037428N2. It is available in following website: https://www.irct.ir/trial/27696 REGISTRATION DATE: 03/25/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilofar Pasyar
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoume Rambod
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Araghi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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