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Antunes P, Gama A, Pereira M, Gaspar EMM. Spatiotemporal bioavailability of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in wild mussels from the Portuguese Atlantic coast. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:576-587. [PMID: 36947716 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2186711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in wild adult mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, collected along the Portuguese Atlantic coast between 2009 and 2020. The work is part of a national environmental monitoring program. The purpose was to evaluate the dioxins' temporal trends, the human and ecological risks, and the correlation between mussels' location and the main pollutant sources in Portugal. The levels and congener patterns of the most toxicity-relevant 17 PCDD/Fs and 12 dl-PCBs were determined, with the dl-PCBs dominant. The sum of Σ17PCDD/Fs and Σ12dl-PCBs values ranged from 2.0 to 4.0 ng WHO-TEQ kg-1, (wet weight basis), below the limits established by the European Commission for contamination in fish and fishery products (6.5 ng per kg-1). The study included five years - 2009, 2010, 2016, 2018 and 2020 -, allowing to verify the impact of European Directive 2013/39/UE against the pollution of water in Portugal; it was observed that dioxin levels in mussels diminished over the time. Statistical analysis allowed verification of different spatial trends of dl-PCB profiles along the Portuguese Atlantic coast. The mono-ortho dl-PCB pentachlorinated congener IUPAC #118 prevailed in 2009 and 2018 in all sampling sites, and it was predominant in 2010, 2016 and 2020, followed by the congeners IUPAC #105, #156 and #167. The IUPAC #167, #169 and #123 were the most abundant hexachlorinated congeners, and the IUPAC #77 the most abundant tetrachlorinated congener. This work emphasises the importance of monitoring dioxins and mapping the congeners in Atlantic coastal ecosystems, to contribute to their elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Antunes
- Reference Laboratory of Environmental Portuguese Agency, Rua da Mugueira, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Ana Gama
- Reference Laboratory of Environmental Portuguese Agency, Rua da Mugueira, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Margarida Pereira
- Reference Laboratory of Environmental Portuguese Agency, Rua da Mugueira, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Elvira M M Gaspar
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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Determination of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in ascidians (Phallusia nigra) using a green procedure. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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3
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Wang Z, Nishi Y. Stochastic model for simulating levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in small tuna and planktons using Metropolis - Hastings algorithm. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113941. [PMID: 35926409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a stochastic model to simulate the occurrence and levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in juvenile tuna. This model can calculate the transport of PCBs in the ocean (macroscopic phenomena) and biomagnification in fish (microscopic phenomena). The uncertainty in the concentration of the PCBs encountered by fish was treated by adopting a random sampling from the probability distribution function using Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The model was applied to one-dimensional cases with transported PCBs and swimming fish. The simulated PCBs levels in the fish agreed well with levels observed by previous studies. Influences of PCBs spatial distribution patterns and current velocity on the PCBs levels in fish body was examined. The results showed that the model was sensitive to the distribution pattern and moderately sensitive to the current velocity. The model has the potential to be extended to more realistic situations and to serve as a tool for environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, and Ocean Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nishi
- Department of Systems Design for Ocean-Space, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan.
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Dujon AM, Boutry J, Tissot S, Meliani J, Guimard L, Rieu O, Ujvari B, Thomas F. A review of the methods used to induce cancer in invertebrates to study its effects on the evolution of species and ecosystem functioning. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine M. Dujon
- Deakin University Geelong, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology Waurn Ponds Victoria Australia
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Justine Boutry
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Sophie Tissot
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Jordan Meliani
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Lena Guimard
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Océane Rieu
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Beata Ujvari
- Deakin University Geelong, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology Waurn Ponds Victoria Australia
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CANECEV‐Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) Montpellier France
- CREEC, MIVEGEC UMR IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
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Recabarren-Villalón T, Ronda AC, Oliva AL, Cazorla AL, Marcovecchio JE, Arias AH. Seasonal distribution pattern and bioaccumulation of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in four bioindicator coastal fishes of Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118125. [PMID: 34536644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants of global concern in coastal environments. They have a wide range of biological toxicity and due to their inherent properties, can easily bioaccumulate in organisms and concentrate in the environment. This work evaluated, in an integrated way, the seasonal PAH distribution patterns in sediments and four bioindicators fish species in a highly impacted estuary of Argentina; besides, their bioaccumulation patterns were assessed for the first time as indicator of ecological risk. The highest PAH levels in fish were found for Ramnogaster arcuata with an average of 64 ng g-1 w.w., followed by Micropogonias furnieri (45 ng g-1 w.w.), Cynoscion guatucupa (28 ng g-1 w.w.), and Mustelus schmitti (16 ng g-1 w.w.). Fish presented the highest PAH levels in fall with a predominance of petrogenic PAHs in colder seasons and pyrolytic PAHs in warmer seasons. Sediments presented an average of 233 ng g-1 d.w. with the same seasonal composition pattern of the fish tissues. Additionally, the data suggested that the main source of PAHs are wastewater discharges. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of PAHs in the tested fishes were found to range from 0.3 to 8. The highest values were observed during fall and winter, while bioaccumulation did not occur in moist spring and summer samples, which would suggest a high biotransformation process during these seasons. Results suggested that class III of juvenile C. guatucupa and M. furnieri, and adults R. arcuata are more sensitive bioindicators of chronic PAH contamination and that their bioaccumulation is independent of the compound hydrophobicity; this could have a positively influence on the criteria used for biological monitoring programs along the Atlantic coast. In addition, the presented BAF data on the target species will serve as a useful pollution indicator for South Atlantic coastal fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Recabarren-Villalón
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Ana C Ronda
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana L Oliva
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Andrea Lopez Cazorla
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Jorge E Marcovecchio
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad de la Fraternidad de Agrupaciones Santo Tomás de Aquino, Gascón 3145, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional-FRBB, 11 de Abril 445, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Arias
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Departamento de Química, Área III, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Lawson MC, Cullen JA, Nunnally CC, Rowe GT, Hala DN. PAH and PCB body-burdens in epibenthic deep-sea invertebrates from the northern Gulf of Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111825. [PMID: 33203605 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of information on the levels of PAHs and PCBs in the deep-sea (≥200 m). In this study, the body-burdens of 16 PAHs and 29 PCBs were measured in: Actinaria (sea anemones), Holothuroidea (sea cucumber), Pennatulacea (sea pens), and Crinoidea (sea lilies) in the deep Gulf of Mexico. All epibenthic species were collected at depths of approximately 2000 m. The PAH and PCB congener profile displayed a similar pattern of bioaccumulation across all four taxa. The high molecular weight PAH, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, was the most abundant PAH in all organisms, ranging from 36 to 53% of sum total PAHs. PCBs 101 and 138 exhibited the highest levels at 20-25% of total congener concentrations in all taxa. The exposure to PAHs and PCBs is likely attributed to contaminated particulate organic matter that is consumed by the deposit and filter feeding epibenthic megafauna sampled in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chase Lawson
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, 200 Seawolf Parkway, Galveston, TX 77554, United States.
| | - Joshua A Cullen
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America; School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Clifton C Nunnally
- Louisiana University Marine Consortium, 8124 LA 56, Chauvin, LA 70344, United States
| | - Gilbert T Rowe
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, 200 Seawolf Parkway, Galveston, TX 77554, United States; Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, 797 Lamar Street, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - David N Hala
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, 200 Seawolf Parkway, Galveston, TX 77554, United States
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Keshavarzifard M, Vazirzadeh A, Sharifinia M. Implications of anthropogenic effects on the coastal environment of Northern Persian Gulf, using jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) as indicator. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111463. [PMID: 32892912 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The distribution and sources of PAHs in jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), and human health risks due to consumption was evaluated in collected samples from the Musa Bay, Persian Gulf. The total concentration of PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 10 to 144 μg kg-1 dry weight, indicating low to moderate level of pollution. The PAHs were dominated by three- (41%) and two-ring (38%) compounds. Source identification analyses indicated the PAH pollution mostly originated from petroleum inputs. A preliminary evaluation of human health risk using chronic daily intake, hazard index, benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq) concentration (PEC) as well as the incremental life cancer risk and non-cancer risk assessment suggest low potential health risk for consumers of the Metapenaeus affinis. However, the results indicate minimal risks associated with the intake of PAHs via shrimp consumption, but long-term monitoring is required to evaluate the changes in ecological and human health impacts of contaminants in the region. MAIN FINDING: PAHs in Metapenaeus affinis from Musa bay, which influenced by anthropogenic activities were low to moderate level of pollution. Human health risk indicates low potential health risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Keshavarzifard
- Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran; Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Arya Vazirzadeh
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moslem Sharifinia
- Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran.
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8
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Akinsanya B, Ayanda IO, Onwuka B, Saliu JK. Bioaccumulation of BTEX and PAHs in Heterotis niloticus (Actinopterygii) from the Epe Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03272. [PMID: 32042982 PMCID: PMC7000791 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicity studies in the aquatic ecosystem have shown that petrol and its product have adverse effects on aquatic biota. They are able to easily absorb these toxic substances into their bodies from sediment, water or even food items that are contaminated, thus impacting the food chain. In this study, water, sediment and fish (Heterotis niloticus) from the Epe Lagoon were investigated for the presence of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the three xylene isomers m, o and p-xylenes), and PAHs using GC-MS. Total concentration of BTEX in sediment and water was respectively 32.37 ± 1.07 μg/g, 49.86 ± 7.30 μg/L; while total concentration of BTEX in fish liver and intestine was 33.75 ± 10.09 and 40.16 ± 9.64 μg/g respectively. Benzene, 1,2-Dichlorobenzene and 1,3-Dichlorobenzene components of BTEX were not detected in both sediment and water. Total concentration of PAH in sediment and water was 7.46 ± 1.73 μg/g and 19.33 ± 1.31 μg/L respectively. Total PAHs concentration in liver and fish intestine was 141.23 ± 5.89 and 173.34 ± 4.677 μg/g respectively. Majority of the PAHs congeners were found to be higher than the acceptable limits. Findings from this study shows the need for continuous monitoring of our natural waters as the present situation portends a potential concern for ecological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac O Ayanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Benson Onwuka
- Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph K Saliu
- Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Vignier J, Rolton A, Soudant P, Chu FLE, Robert R, Volety AK. Interactions between Crassostrea virginica larvae and Deepwater Horizon oil: Toxic effects via dietary exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:544-551. [PMID: 30590324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster released crude oil in the Gulf of Mexico for 87 days, overlapping with the reproductive season and recruitment of the oyster Crassostrea virginica. The pelagic larval life stages of C. virginica are particularly vulnerable to contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oil droplets. Based on their lipophilic properties, PAHs and oil droplets can adsorb onto phytoplankton and filter-feeding C. virginica larvae may be exposed to these contaminants bound to suspended sediment, adsorbed onto algal and other particles, or in solution. This study examined the effects of exposure of C. virginica larvae to algae mixed with DWH oil. In a 14-day laboratory exposure, 5 day-old C. virginica larvae were exposed to Tisochrysis lutea mixed with four concentrations of unfiltered DWH oil (HEWAF) in a static renewal system. Larval growth, feeding capacity, abnormality and mortality were monitored throughout the exposure. Total PAH (n = 50) content of the water medium, in which larvae were grown, were quantified by GC/MS-SIM. Oil droplets were observed bound to algae, resulting in particles in the size-range of food ingested by oyster larvae (1-30 μm). After 14 days of exposure, larval growth and survival were negatively affected at concentrations of tPAH50 as low as 1.6 μg L-1. GC/MS-SIM analysis of the exposure medium confirmed that certain PAHs were also adsorbed by T. lutea and taken up by oyster larvae via ingestion of oil droplets and/or contaminated algae. Long-term exposure to chronic levels of PAH (1.6-78 μg tPAH50 L-1) was shown to negatively affect larval survival. This study demonstrates that dietary exposure of oyster larvae to DWH oil is a realistic route of crude oil toxicity and may have serious implications on the planktonic community and the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vignier
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - A Rolton
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - P Soudant
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - F L E Chu
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary, Department of Aquatic Health Science, Gloucester Point, VA, 23062, USA
| | - R Robert
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Centre Bretagne - ZI de la Pointe du Diable - CS 10070, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - A K Volety
- Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA; University of North Carolina Wilmington, College of Arts and Sciences, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403-5912, USA
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Vignier J, Volety A, Soudant P, Chu FL, Loh AN, Boulais M, Robert R, Morris J, Lay C, Krasnec M. Evaluation of the Toxicity of the Deepwater Horizon Oil and Associated Dispersant on Early Life Stages of the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815730-5.00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Commendatore M, Yorio P, Scenna L, Ondarza PM, Suárez N, Marinao C, Miglioranza KSB. Persistent organic pollutants in sediments, intertidal crabs, and the threatened Olrog's gull in a northern Patagonia salt marsh, Argentina. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 136:533-546. [PMID: 30509839 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are of great concern for the environment. In this study we (a) determine levels and distribution of OCPs, PCBs, and PBDEs in sediments and two crab species (Neohelice granulata and Cyrtograpsus altimanus), (b) assess bioaccumulation in crabs, and (c) explore the occurrence of POPs in the Near Threatened Olrog's gull (Larus atlanticus) chicks and eggs in one of the most important salt marsh environments in the South West Atlantic. Sediments, crabs, and gull chicks and eggs showed POPs presence at low levels; being α-endosulfan, PCB-153, and BDE-47 the most represented compounds. In sediments, pollutant concentrations were lower than those reported in Canadian guidelines for the protection of the aquatic life. POP bioaccumulation was recorded in crabs, suggesting a risk to upper trophic level predators. Further studies are needed to understand the trophic effects of POPs in San Blas bay, particularly on the threatened Olrog's gull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Commendatore
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, CONICET, Bv. Brown 2915, 9120 Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
| | - Pablo Yorio
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, CONICET, Bv. Brown 2915, 9120 Puerto Madryn, Argentina; Wildlife Conservation Society Argentina, Amenábar 1595 P2 Of 19, 1426 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Scenna
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Paola M Ondarza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Suárez
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, CONICET, Bv. Brown 2915, 9120 Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Cristian Marinao
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, CONICET, Bv. Brown 2915, 9120 Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
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Ranjbar Jafarabadi A, Riyahi Bakhtiari A, Aliabadian M, Laetitia H, Shadmehri Toosi A, Yap CK. First report of bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs) and persistent organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs and PCNs) and their effects on alcyonacea and scleractinian corals and their endosymbiotic algae from the Persian Gulf, Iran: Inter and intra-species differences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:141-157. [PMID: 29426136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The coral reefs of the Persian Gulf are the most diverse systems of life in the marine environment of the Middle East. Unfortunately, they are highly threatened by local and global stressors, particularly oil pollutants. This is the first quantitative and qualitative study aimed at assessing the concentration and sources of n-alkanes and POPs (PAHs, PCBs and PCNs) in coral tissues, symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae), reef sediments and seawaters in coral reefs of Lark and Kharg in the Persian Gulf, Iran. This work was conducted on eight species of six genera and three families of hard corals and one family of soft coral. A significant variation in the concentration of ∑30n-alkanes and POPs (∑40PAHs, ∑22PCBs and 20PCNs) was found in the decreasing order: zooxanthellae > coral tissue > skeleton > reef sediment > seawater. The bioaccumulation of these compounds was 2-times higher in ahermatypic than in hermatypic corals, among which significant variations were observed in both sites. In Kharg, Porites lutea had the highest mean concentration of ∑30n-alkanes and ∑40PAHs in soft tissue, whereas the lowest values were in Platygyra daedalea. A contrasting trend was documented for ∑22PCBs and 20PCNs, with the highest level reported in soft tissue of P. daedalea and the lowest in P. lutea at Kharg. Compositional pattern of AHs and PAHs demonstrated the predominance of LMW-PAHs and n-alkanes. In skeleton and reef sediments, tetra, penta and tri-CBs were the most abundant PCBs congeners followed by di-CB > hexa-CB > hepta-CB > octa-CB,whiletri-CB > di-CB > tetra-CB > penta-CB > hexa-CB > hepta-CB > octa-CB was observed for soft tissue, zooxanthellae and seawater. The results of RAD test indicated significantly negative correlation between total concentration of these compounds with zooxanthellae density, the chlorophyll-a and C2 in corals at both reefs. This is the first report on levels, health assessment and source apportionments of POPs in zooxanthellae and a first step in the implementation of specific coral reef management measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ranjbar Jafarabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Mansour Aliabadian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iran
| | - Hédouin Laetitia
- USR3278 EPHE CNRS UPVD-CRIOBE, BP1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia; Laboratoire d'Excellence, BP1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Amirhossein Shadmehri Toosi
- Department of Civil and environmental engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Chee Kong Yap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Keshavarzifard M, Zakaria MP, Sharifi R. Ecotoxicological and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Short-Neck Clam (Paphia undulata) and Contaminated Sediments in Malacca Strait, Malaysia. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 73:474-487. [PMID: 28497299 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The distribution, sources, and human health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment and the edible tissue of short-neck clam (Paphia undulata) from mudflat ecosystem in the west coast of Malaysia were investigated. The concentrations of ∑16 PAHs varied from 347.05 to 6207.5 and 179.32 to 1657.5 ng g-1 in sediment and short-neck clam samples, respectively. The calculations of mean PEL quotients (mean-PELQs) showed that the ecological risk of PAHs in the sediment samples was low to moderate-high level, whereas the total health risk through ingestion and dermal contact was considerably high. The PAHs biota sediment accumulation factors data for short-neck clam were obtained in this study, indicating a preferential accumulation of lower molecular weight PAHs. The source apportionment of PAHs in sediment using positive matrix factorization model indicated that the highest contribution to the PAHs was from diesel emissions (30.38%) followed by oil and oil derivate and incomplete coal combustion (23.06%), vehicular emissions (16.43%), wood combustion (15.93%), and natural gas combustion (14.2%). A preliminary evaluation of human health risk using chronic daily intake, hazard index, benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq) concentration, and the incremental lifetime cancer risk indicated that PAHs in short-neck clam would induce potential carcinogenic effects in the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Keshavarzifard
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria
- Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Reza Sharifi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
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Keshavarzifard M, Zakaria MP, Hwai TS. Bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to short-neck clam (Paphia undulata) from sediment matrices in mudflat ecosystem of the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:591-610. [PMID: 27216263 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9835-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation and bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were characterized in sediment and Paphia undulata (short-neck clam) from six mudflat areas in the west coasts of Peninsular Malaysia. The concentrations of total PAHs varied from 357.1 to 6257.1 and 179.9 ± 7.6 to 1657.5 ± 53.9 ng g -1 dry weight in sediment and short-neck clam samples, respectively. PAHs can be classified as moderate to very high level of pollution in sediments and moderate to high level of pollution in short-neck clams. The diagnostic ratios of individual PAHs and principal component analysis indicate both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources with significant dominance of pyrogenic source. The first PAHs biota-sediment accumulation factors and relative biota-sediment accumulation factors data for short-neck clam were obtained in this study, indicating a preferential accumulation of lower molecular weight PAHs. Evaluation of PAH levels in sediments and short-neck clams indicates that short-neck clam could be introduced as a good biomonitor in mudflats. The results also demonstrated that under environmental conditions, the sedimentary load of hydrocarbons appears to be one of the factors controlling their bioavailability to biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Keshavarzifard
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tan Shau Hwai
- School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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15
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Dsikowitzky L, Nordhaus I, Andarwulan N, Irianto HE, Lioe HN, Ariyani F, Kleinertz S, Schwarzbauer J. Accumulation patterns of lipophilic organic contaminants in surface sediments and in economic important mussel and fish species from Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 110:767-77. [PMID: 26853592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Non-target screening analyses were conducted in order to identify a wide range of organic contaminants in sediment and animal tissue samples from Jakarta Bay. High concentrations of di-iso-propylnaphthalenes (DIPNs), linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in all samples, whereas phenylmethoxynaphthalene (PMN), DDT and DDT metabolites (DDX) were detected at lower concentrations. In order to evaluate the uptake and accumulation by economic important mussel (Perna viridis) and fish species, contaminant patterns of DIPNs, LABs and PAHs in different compartments were compared. Different patterns of these contaminant groups were found in sediment and animal tissue samples, suggesting compound-specific accumulation and metabolism processes. Significantly higher concentrations of these three contaminant groups in mussel tissue as compared to fish tissue from Jakarta Bay were found. Because P. viridis is an important aquaculture species in Asia, this result is relevant for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Dsikowitzky
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal (GGPC), RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Inga Nordhaus
- Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nuri Andarwulan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), PO Box 220, Bogor 16110, Indonesia; Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Jl. Puspa No. 1, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Hari Eko Irianto
- Research Center for Fisheries Management and Conservation (P4KSI), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Nuryani Lioe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), PO Box 220, Bogor 16110, Indonesia
| | - Farida Ariyani
- Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology (BBP4KP), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. K.S. Tubun, Petamburan VI, Jakarta Pusat 10260, Indonesia
| | - Sonja Kleinertz
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 2, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Schwarzbauer
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal (GGPC), RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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16
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Eichbaum K, Brinkmann M, Nuesser L, Buchinger S, Reifferscheid G, Codling G, Jones P, Giesy JP, Hecker M, Hollert H. Bioanalytical and instrumental screening of the uptake of sediment-borne, dioxin-like compounds in roach (Rutilus rutilus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12060-12074. [PMID: 26965276 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To examine the uptake of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), common roaches (Rutilus rutilus) were exposed for 28 days to differently contaminated sediments from two major European rivers in a purpose-built facility. Dietary transfer of DLCs was investigated by exposing fish to sediments inoculated or non-inoculated with black worms (Lumbriculus variegatus). Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), measured via high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) in sediments and whole fish, were used to calculate toxicity equivalent quotients (TEQs). TEQs were compared with biological toxicity equivalent quotients (BEQs) determined via the 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay, performed with mammalian (H4IIE) and fish (RTL-W1) liver cell lines. TEQs and BEQs indicated an uptake of sediment-borne DLCs by roach, which was independent of sediment contamination levels, but rather reflected sediment-specific characteristics. For most sediment treatments, DLC uptake did not increase with time. Highest congener-specific uptake (DL-PCB 123) was 10-fold compared to control. Exposure to worm-inoculated sediment of highest overall DLC contamination caused a 2-fold (TEQ and H4IIE BEQ) greater uptake of DLCs by fish compared to the respective non-inoculated treatment. H4IIE cells showed the greatest sensitivity (0.37 ± 0.25 pM TCDD) and the strongest correlation with TEQs (r (2) = 0.79), hence, they seem to be best suited for DLC screening of sediments and biota, amended by compound-specific instrumental analysis if required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Eichbaum
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonie Nuesser
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Buchinger
- Department G3: Biochemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Georg Reifferscheid
- Department G3: Biochemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Garry Codling
- School of the Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Paul Jones
- School of the Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- School of the Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Markus Hecker
- School of the Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Environment of Education Ministry of China, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Wen J, Pan L. Short-term exposure to benzo[a]pyrene causes oxidative damage and affects haemolymph steroid levels in female crab Portunus trituberculatus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:486-494. [PMID: 26552528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concern has increased regarding the adverse effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on reproduction. However, limited information is available on the effects of PAHs in crustacean. In order to determine whether benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) could cause reproductive toxicity on the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, sexually mature female crabs were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of B[a]P (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 μg/L) for 10 days. B[a]P treatments resulted in high accumulation in ovary, and induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner on ovary of crab. Furthermore, the haemolymph estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels were significantly decreased. Histological investigation also revealed the reproductive toxicity caused by B[a]P. The results demonstrated that waterborne exposure to B[a]P caused oxidative damage and disrupted sex steroids in female crab P. trituberculatus, ultimately resulting in histological alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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18
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Gonzalez ST, Remick D, Creton R, Colwill RM. Effects of embryonic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on anxiety-related behaviors in larval zebrafish. Neurotoxicology 2015; 53:93-101. [PMID: 26748073 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an excellent model system for assessing the effects of toxicant exposure on behavior and neurodevelopment. In the present study, we examined the effects of sub-chronic embryonic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a ubiquitous anthropogenic pollutant, on anxiety-related behaviors. We found that exposure to the PCB mixture, Aroclor (A) 1254, from 2 to 26h post-fertilization (hpf) induced two statistically significant behavioral defects in larvae at 7 days post-fertilization (dpf). First, during 135min of free swimming, larvae that had been exposed to 2ppm, 5ppm or 10ppm A1254 exhibited enhanced thigmotaxis (edge preference) relative to control larvae. Second, during the immediately ensuing 15-min visual startle assay, the 5ppm and 10ppm PCB-exposed larvae reacted differently to a visual threat, a red 'bouncing' disk, relative to control larvae. These results are consistent with the anxiogenic and attention-disrupting effects of PCB exposure documented in children, monkeys and rodents and merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Gonzalez
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Dylan Remick
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Robbert Creton
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Ruth M Colwill
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States.
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Son MH, Kim J, Shin ES, Seo SH, Chang YS. Diastereoisomer- and species-specific distribution of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in fish and marine invertebrates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:114-120. [PMID: 26163486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The levels and distributional characteristics of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers have been largely reported for various fish and select shellfish. In this study, we reclassified a number and variety of marine invertebrates, including shellfish, to further contribute to the comprehensive understanding of the effects and assessment of human exposure to HBCD. Overall, 30 marine invertebrate species (n=188) were investigated and the following order of ∑2HBCD (α- and γ-HBCD) was observed: fish>chordata>cephalopoda>echinodermata>bivalve>crustacea. The marine invertebrates that were reclassified into nektonic and benthic organisms showed similar concentration of ∑2HBCD. The feeding habits and modes of the marine organisms were considered to compare the degree of bioaccumulation and diastereoisomer-specific distribution of HBCD due to the effects of the environment in and around pollution sources, as well as the organisms' metabolic capacities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the species-specific distribution patterns of HBCD for both fish and marine invertebrates. We expect to significantly expand the understanding of the environmental fate of HBCD for marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Son
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Su Shin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Seo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Khairy MA, Weinstein MP, Lohmann R. Trophodynamic behavior of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the aquatic food web of a tidal river. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:12533-42. [PMID: 25272053 DOI: 10.1021/es502886n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation and biomagnification of sediment-bound hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) are of major concern for environmental and human health. In dynamic estuaries, HOCs can be taken up from sediments, porewater, or the overlying water column concentrations directly or via the diet. The transfer of HOCs including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) to resident/migratory biota was investigated in 11 finfish species and blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in the Passaic River estuary. Concurrently, passive samplers were deployed to assess porewater and overlying water column concentrations. Biota were assigned to three trophic levels based on their tissue 15N isotope values and published life history strategies. There were no significant differences in trophic magnification factors (TMFs) calculated based on life-history scenarios, implying that the migratory species, mostly juveniles, had equilibrated with in situ sources of pollutants at the time they were sampled. Bioaccumulation factors and TMFs were >1 for most PCBs and tetra- and penta-CDD/DFs, indicating that they underwent biomagnification in the food web. All PAHs, PCB 11, and other lower chlorinated PCBs and PCDD/Fs did not magnify. Results from the analysis of HOC profiles implied that biota accumulated HOCs from sediments, porewater, and diet but not from overlying water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Khairy
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island , Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, United States
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21
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Ismail NS, Müller CE, Morgan RR, Luthy RG. Uptake of contaminants of emerging concern by the bivalves Anodonta californiensis and Corbicula fluminea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:9211-9. [PMID: 25017714 DOI: 10.1021/es5011576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of seven contaminants regularly detected in surface waters and spanning a range of hydrophobicities (log D(ow) -1 to 5) was studied for two species of freshwater bivalves, the native mussel Anodonta californiensis and the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea. Batch systems were utilized to determine compound partitioning, and flow-through systems, comparable to environmental conditions in effluent dominated surface waters, were used to determine uptake and depuration kinetics. Uptake of compounds was independent of bivalve type. Log bioconcentration factor (BCF) values were correlated with log D(ow) for nonionized compounds with the highest BCF value obtained for triclocarban (TCC). TCC concentrations were reduced in the water column due to bivalve activity. Anionic compounds with low D(ow) values, i.e., clofibric acid and ibuprofen, were not removed from water, while the organic cation propranolol showed biouptake similar to that of TCC. Batch experiments supported compound uptake patterns observed in flow-through experiments. Contaminant removal from water was observed through accumulation in tissue or settling as excreted pseudofeces or feces. The outcomes of this study indicate the potential utility of bivalve augmentation to improve water quality by removing hydrophobic trace organic compounds found in natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveen S Ismail
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and ReNUWIt Engineering Research Center, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Validation and applications of a GC-ECD method for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish and seafood. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-013-1064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Wang Q, Yang H, Liu B, Wang X. Toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene (Bap) and Aroclor1254 on embryogenesis, larval growth, survival and metamorphosis of the bivalve Meretrix meretrix. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:1617-1624. [PMID: 22684729 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls on the early development of Meretrix meretrix, the effects of benzo[a]pyrene (Bap) and Aroclor1254 on embryogenesis and larval development were investigated using static laboratory toxicity tests at nominal concentrations of 6.25-1,600 μg/L. Even at 1,600 μg/L, Bap and Aroclor1254 only caused minor reductions in embryo development rates. The 96 h LC(50) values for D-shaped larvae were 156 μg/L for Bap and 132 μg/L for Aroclor1254, respectively. The most sensitive toxicity endpoint in this study was metamorphosis, with an EC(50) value of 20 μg/L for Bap and 35 μg/L for Aroclor1254. Aroclor1254 was more toxic than Bap to embryos and larvae. Our results indicate that Bap and Aroclor1254 do not show extreme toxicity to M. meretrix embryos and larvae. These data provide information for evaluating the toxicity of Bap and Aroclor1254 on bivalve embryos, especially over the entire larval stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Vieweg I, Hop H, Brey T, Huber S, Ambrose WG, Locke WL, Gabrielsen GW. Persistent organic pollutants in four bivalve species from Svalbard waters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 161:134-142. [PMID: 22230078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine compounds (OC) were determined in Arctic bivalves (Mya truncata, Serripes groenlandicus, Hiatella arctica and Chlamys islandica) from Svalbard with regard to differences in geographic location, species and variations related to their size and age. Higher chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 101-PCB 194), chlordanes and α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) were consistently detected in the bivalves and PCBs dominated the OC load in the organisms. OC concentrations were highest in Mya truncata and the lowest in Serripes groenlandicus. Species-specific OC levels were likely related to differences in the species' food source, as indicated by the δ(13)C results, rather than size and age. Higher OC concentrations were observed in bivalves from Kongsfjorden compared to the northern sampling locations Liefdefjorden and Sjuøyane. The spatial differences might be related to different water masses influencing Kongsfjorden (Atlantic) and the northern locations (Arctic), with differing phytoplankton bloom situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireen Vieweg
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
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Sureda A, Box A, Tejada S, Blanco A, Caixach J, Deudero S. Biochemical responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis as biomarkers of acute environmental pollution caused by the Don Pedro oil spill (Eivissa Island, Spain). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 101:540-549. [PMID: 21276480 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the potential use of several antioxidant and detoxification biomarkers in the digestive gland of wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) for biomonitoring the marine pollution induced by the Don Pedro oil spill has been investigated. Two locations from the East to South-East of Eivissa (Ibiza) and Formentera islands were selected, one extensively affected by the oil spill and the other one not affected and considered as the control area. Mussels were sampled one, two and six months after the Don Pedro accident. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels were significantly increased in the soft tissues of mussels in the affected area one month after the disaster, returning to normal values after six months. Markers of oxidative damage in lipids--malondialdehyde, and in proteins--carbonyl derivates, and antioxidant enzyme--catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, activities significantly increased as result of the spill oil after one month, returning to basal values at two month sampling time. Glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio (GSH/GSSG), as a marker of the redox status, was reduced after one and two months indicating a more oxidized situation. Markers of detoxification--glutathione-S-transferase and cytochrome P4501A activities and metallothionein gene expression--were significantly increased by the oil spill one month after the accident, returning to the basal values at two month sampling time. In conclusion, the Don Pedro accident induced a transient situation of PAHs pollution resulting in enhanced antioxidant and detoxification defense systems in the wild mussel M. galloprovincialis returning to normal levels six months from the spill. The selected biomarkers are a useful tool for biomonitoring the response to acute exposure to pollutants in marine mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Sureda
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Screening of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in various aquatic organisms. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1447-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pedro-Cuesta JD, Rodríguez-Farré E, Lopez-Abente G. Spatial distribution of Parkinson's disease mortality in Spain, 1989-1998, as a guide for focused aetiological research or health-care intervention. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:445. [PMID: 19954536 PMCID: PMC2796665 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aetiologically, genetic and environmental factors having an uneven spatial distribution may underlie Parkinson's disease (PD). Undiagnosis of PD in selected regions might have limited access to treatment with levodopa and simultaneously, if present at death, determined PD underreporting at the death record. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyse municipal mortality due to PD in Spain in aetiological and interventional perspective. METHODS PD mortality at a municipal level was modelled using the Besag-York- Molliè autoregressive spatial model, combining demographic information with cause-of-death diagnostic data (International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision (ICD-9) code 332.0). Municipal relative risks (RRs) were independently estimated for women, men and both sexes, and plotted on maps depicting smoothed RR estimates and the distribution of the posterior probability of RR>1. RESULTS A south-north gradient, with large geographical areas suggesting clustered towns with high mortality, was seen in Asturias, the Basque Country, Balearic Islands and, particularly, in the Lower Ebro valley around Tarragona. Similarly, there was a suggestion that lowest mortality was clustered in the south-east and south-west. We identified some isolated or clustered municipalities with high mortality that were situated near industrial plants reported to be associated with environmental xenobiotic emissions. However, the same pattern was also observed for some cities with low mortality. CONCLUSION Municipal PD mortality in Spain was unevenly distributed. Patterns were roughly similar to reported provincial PD mortality and use of levodopa. While the overall pattern appears to result from spatially selective PD undiagnosis, and can not be ascribed to industrial emissions, it can not be excluded that selected "hot spots" reflect genetic factors and/or environmental exposures inducing parkinsonism. A few municipal populations, located in low-mortality-risk areas in the vicinity of polluting plants or registering high excess PD mortality, might constitute a priority for conducting direct etiological studies. Additionally, interventions aimed to reduce potential PD undiagnosis might be most appropriate in the South.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta
- Department of Applied Epidemiology, National Centre for Epidemiology, and Consortium for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas - CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health. C/ Sinesio Delgado 6. 28029 Madrid. Spain
| | - Eduard Rodríguez-Farré
- Environmental Health Group, Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health-Carlos III Institute of Health (CIBERESP-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Barcelona Institute of Biomedical Research (Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona -IIBB), Scientific Research Board-August Píi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Píi Sunyer:CSIC-IDIBAPS), Rosellón 161, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Lopez-Abente
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, C/ Sinesio Delgado 6. 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), C/ Sinesio Delgado 6. 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Khairy MA, Kolb M, Mostafa AR, El-Fiky A, Bahadir M. Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a Mediterranean semi-enclosed basin affected by human activities (Abu Qir Bay, Egypt). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 170:389-97. [PMID: 19464106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of sediments and mussels sampled from Abu Qir Bay by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated. Concentrations of PAHs recorded in the bay sediments ranged from less than MDL to 2660 microg/kg dw. In general, concentrations of PAHs in mussels were higher than their corresponding sediment concentrations reflecting their great bioavailability (242-3880 microg/kg dw). The highest concentration was observed in the western part of the bay, a location affected by intensive shipping activities. The distribution pattern of PAHs was similar for mussels and sediments, particularly for sediments characterized by high contamination level, and they were dominated by the high molecular weight PAHs (4-6-rings). Applying different PAHs ratios, it was found that PAHs originated predominantly from the pyrogenic source either from the combustion of grass, wood and coal (majority of the samples) or from petroleum combustion (harbour area). The output of a Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment (SLERA) on the bay sediments revealed that adverse ecological effects to benthic organisms are expected to occur in only one sample, and thus PAHs are not considered as contaminants of concern in Abu Qir Bay. Also adverse health effects are not expected to occur from the consumption of the investigated mussels with respect to PAHs in Abu Qir Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Khairy
- Institute of Ecological Chemistry and Waste Analysis, Technical University of Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Negri AP, Mortimer M, Carter S, Müller JF. Persistent organochlorines and metals in estuarine mud crabs of the Great Barrier Reef. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2009; 58:769-773. [PMID: 19345381 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Negri
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld 4810, Australia.
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Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission is differentially influenced by two ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in the hippocampal slice preparation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 237:168-77. [PMID: 19289137 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls impairs cognition and behavior in children. Two environmental PCBs 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB170) and 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) were examined in vitro for influences on synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal slices. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded in the CA1 region using a multi-electrode array. Perfusion with PCB170 (10 nM) had no effect on fEPSP slope relative to baseline period, whereas (100 nM) initially enhanced then depressed fEPSP slope. Perfusion of PCB95 (10 or 100 nM) persistently enhanced fEPSP slope >200%, an effect that could be inhibited by dantrolene, a drug that attenuates ryanodine receptor signaling. Perfusion with picrotoxin (PTX) to block GABA neurotransmission resulted in a modest increase in fEPSP slope, whereas PTX+PCB170 (1-100 nM) persistently enhanced fEPSP slope in a dose dependent manner. fEPSP slope reached >250% of baseline period in the presence of PTX+100 nM PCB170, conditions that evoked marked epileptiform after-potential discharges. PCB95 and PCB170 were found to differentially influence the Ca(2+)-dependence of [(3)H]ryanodine-binding to hippocampal ryanodine receptors. Non-coplanar PCB congeners can differentially alter neurotransmission in a manner suggesting they can elicit imbalances between inhibitory and excitatory circuits within the hippocampus. Differential sensitization of ryanodine receptors by Ca(2+) appears to mediate, at least in part, hippocampal excitotoxicity by non-coplanar PCBs.
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Woo S, Kim S, Yum S, Yim UH, Lee TK. Comet assay for the detection of genotoxicity in blood cells of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to sediments and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2006; 52:1768-75. [PMID: 17010996 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Revised: 07/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the genotoxic effect of marine sediments on aquatic organism, sediment samples were collected from 13 sites along the coast of Gwangyang Bay (Korea). Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments were determined and the relationship between exposure of flounder blood cells to sediment extracts and DNA single-strand breakage in the blood cells was examined using the comet assay. Levels of DNA damage were proportionally increased by exposure concentration and the highest sediment-associated DNA damage was observed at the station showing the highest PAHs contamination. DNA damage in blood cells exposed to five types of PAHs (benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, anthracene, pyrene and phenanthrene) and in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) for 0, 2 and 4 days were assessed by measuring comet tail length. The tail lengths of five PAHs-exposed groups at 50 and 100 ppb were significantly different from the non-exposed group, and the genotoxic effect of BaP correlated with both concentration and duration of exposure. Throughout the study, significant differences in DNA breakage were recorded between cells exposed to sediment extracts or PAHs and non-exposed control. This study demonstrated the comet assay as a successful tool in monitoring contamination of marine sediments and assessing genotoxicity of PAHs in marine organisms, either in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonock Woo
- Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Geoje 656-830, South Korea
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Coelhan M, Strohmeier J, Barlas H. Organochlorine levels in edible fish from the Marmara Sea, Turkey. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2006; 32:775-80. [PMID: 16750566 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2006.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2005] [Revised: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Samples of 12 edible fish species from the Marmara Sea were analyzed for organochlorines (PCBs, DDTs, HCB, HCHs, toxaphene, etc.). The results showed that the total concentrations ranged from 329.41 ng/g fat to 1453.87 ng/g fat. DDT group components made up almost half or more of organochlorine contamination. Levels in red mullet were compared with those from neighbor seas. The sum of DDTs as well as HCHs concentrations were markedly lower than in the Black Sea but higher in the Aegean Sea and Mediterranean. Thus, inflow from the Black Sea might be considered as a contamination source for DDT and HCH contamination. On the other hand, total PCB concentration (sum of congeners 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180) detected in this study was comparable or lower than those from the Aegean Sea and Mediterranean. Toxaphene was a minor contaminant. Measured values were below maximum residue levels for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Coelhan
- Research Center for Brewing and Food Quality, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 3, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
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Blanco GA, Cooper EL. Immune systems, geographic information systems (GIS), environment and health impacts. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2004; 7:465-480. [PMID: 15586880 DOI: 10.1080/10937400490512375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been related to alterations in cellular and humoral immune responses in both adaptive and innate immune systems of most animal species. These compounds share a common signaling mechanism to exert their effects on cells of the immune system, which includes the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the AhR nuclear translocator (ARN). Recently, the interference of AhR-ARNT with the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB signaling pathway has been proposed as a critical event in the adverse effects on the immune system. Studies on the effects of these AhR-ARNT-related toxicants on the immune system of higher and lower phylum animals and knowledge of intracellular mechanisms of toxicity may contribute to development of biomarkers of ecotoxicant exposure and effects. Biomarkers of this kind allow sampling over extended geographic areas, in several sentinel species, including wildlife animals, and facilitate the building of risk models and risk maps of environmentally induced diseases. On the basis of location, biomarker sampled data obtained through evaluation of ecotoxicant exposure and effects on the immune system in sentinel species can be further integrated and analyzed together with other sources of environmental geographic information, or human population health data, by means of geographic information systems (GIS). The spatial analysis capability of GIS can help to evaluate the complex relationships of overlaid information and to identify areas with high risk indices or "hot spots." This integrative approach can be useful in studies contributing to support environmental and health-related policies and regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo A Blanco
- Department of Immunology, IDEHU-National Research Council (CONICET), School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Tuvikene A, Huuskonen S, Roy S, Lindström-Seppä P. Biomonitoring of South Estonian waters by means of xenobiotic metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(96)00036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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