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Saito K, Reddy MV, Sarkar O, Kumar AN, Choi D, Chang YC. Quantification of the Monomer Compositions of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) by Alkaline Hydrolysis and Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050618. [PMID: 37237688 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing interest in bioplastics, there is an urgent need to develop rapid analysis methods linked to production technology development. This study focused on the production of a commercially non-available homopolymer, poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HV)), and a commercially available copolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HB-co-3HV)), through fermentation using two different bacterial strains. The bacteria Chromobacterium violaceum and Bacillus sp. CYR1 were used to produce P(3HV) and P(3HB-co-3HV), respectively. The bacterium Bacillus sp. CYR1 produced 415 mg/L of P(3HB-co-3HV) when incubated with acetic acid and valeric acid as the carbon sources, whereas the bacterium C. violaceum produced 0.198 g of P(3HV)/g dry biomass when incubated with sodium valerate as the carbon source. Additionally, we developed a fast, simple, and inexpensive method to quantify P(3HV) and P(3HB-co-3HV) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As the alkaline decomposition of P(3HB-co-3HV) releases 2-butenoic acid (2BE) and 2-pentenoic acid (2PE), we were able to determine the concentration using HPLC. Moreover, calibration curves were prepared using standard 2BE and 2PE, along with sample 2BE and 2PE produced by the alkaline decomposition of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and P(3HV), respectively. Finally, the HPLC results obtained by our new method were compared using gas chromatography (GC) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo Saito
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - M Venkateswar Reddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Omprakash Sarkar
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - DuBok Choi
- Faculty of Advanced Industry Convergence, Chosun University, Kwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Cheol Chang
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
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Complete genome sequence of Aquitalea pelogenes USM4 (JCM19919), a polyhydroxyalkanoate producer. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:66. [PMID: 36645481 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a type of biopolymer produced by most bacteria and archaea, resembling thermoplastic with biodegradability and biocompatibility features. Here, we report the complete genome of a PHA producer, Aquitalea sp. USM4, isolated from Perak, Malaysia. This bacterium possessed a 4.2 Mb circular chromosome and a 54,370 bp plasmid. A total of 4067 predicted protein-coding sequences, 87 tRNA genes, and 25 rRNA operons were identified using PGAP. Based on ANI and dDDH analysis, the Aquitalea sp. USM4 is highly similar to Aquitalea pelogenes. We also identified genes, including acetyl-CoA (phaA), acetoacetyl-CoA (phaB), PHA synthase (phaC), enoyl-CoA hydratase (phaJ), and phasin (phaP), which play an important role in PHA production in Aquitalea sp. USM4. The heterologous expression of phaC1 from Aquitalea sp. USM4 in Cupriavidus necator PHB-4 was able to incorporate six different types of PHA monomers, which are 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) and isocaproic acid (3H4MV) with suitable precursor substrates. This is the first complete genome sequence of the genus Aquitalea among the 22 genome sequences from 4 Aquitalea species listed in the GOLD database, which provides an insight into its genome evolution and molecular machinery responsible for PHA biosynthesis.
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Chernozem RV, Pariy IO, Pryadko A, Bonartsev AP, Voinova VV, Zhuikov VA, Makhina TK, Bonartseva GA, Shaitan KV, Shvartsman VV, Lupascu DC, Romanyuk KN, Kholkin AL, Surmenev RA, Surmeneva MA. A comprehensive study of the structure and piezoelectric response of biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate-based films for tissue engineering applications. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kim D, Lee SK. Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates with Hydroxyvaleric Acid Derived from Levulinic Acid. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:110-116. [PMID: 34675141 PMCID: PMC9628823 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2108.08016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are emerging as alternatives to plastics by replacing fossil fuels with renewable raw substrates. Herein, we present the construction of engineered Escherichia coli strains to produce short-chain-length PHAs (scl-PHAs), including the monomers 4-hydroxyvalerate (4HV) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) produced from levulinic acid (LA). First, an E. coli strain expressing genes (lvaEDABC) from the LA metabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was constructed to generate 4HV-CoA and 3HV-CoA. Second, both PhaAB enzymes from Cupriavidus necator H16 were expressed to supply 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB)-CoA from acetyl-CoA. Finally, PHA synthase (PhaCCv) from Chromobacterium violaceum was introduced for the subsequent polymerization of these three monomers. The resulting E. coli strains produced four PHAs (w/w% of dry cell weight): 9.1 wt% P(4HV), 1.7 wt% P(3HV-co-4HV), 24.2 wt% P(3HB-co-4HV), and 35.6 wt% P(3HB-co-3HV-co-4HV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-52-217-2514 Fax: +82-52-217-3009 E-mail:
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Sharma SK, Dhyani R, Ahmad E, Maurya PK, Yadav M, Yadav RC, Yadav VK, Sharma PK, Sharma MP, Ramesh A, Saxena AK. Characterization and low-cost preservation of Chromobacterium violaceum strain TRFM-24 isolated from Tripura state, India. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:146. [PMID: 34596780 PMCID: PMC8486904 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Chromobacterium species, through their bioactive molecules, help in combating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants and humans. The present study was aimed to identify, characterize and preserve in natural gums the violet-pigmented bacterial isolate TRFM-24 recovered from the rhizosphere soil of rice collected from Tripura state. Results Based on morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolate TFRM-24 was identified as Chromobacterium violaceum (NAIMCC-B-02276; MCC 4212). The bacterium is saprophytic, free living and Gram negative. The strain was found positive for production of IAA, cellulase, xylanase and protease, and showed tolerance to salt (2.5%) and drought (-1.2 MPa). However, it showed poor biocontrol activity against soil-borne phytopathogens and nutrient-solubilizing abilitiets. C. violaceum strain TRFM-24 did not survive on tryptic soya agar (TSA) beyond 12 days between 4 and 32 °C temperature hence a method of preservation of this bacterium was attempted using different natural gums namely Acacia nilotica (babul), Anogeissus latifolia (dhavda), Boswellia serrata (salai) and Butea monosperma (palash) under different temperature regime (6–32 °C). The bacterium survived in babul gum (gum acacia), dhavda and salai solution at room temperature beyond a year. Conclusion Based on polyphasic approach, a violet-pigmented isolate TRFM-24 was identified as Chromobacterim violaceum which possessed some attributes of plant and human importance. Further, a simple and low-cost preservation method of strain TRFM-24 at room temperature was developed using natural gums such as babul, dhavda and salai gums which may be the first report to our knowledge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-021-00241-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K Sharma
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India. .,Present Address: ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493 225, India.
| | - Rakhi Dhyani
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Ees Ahmad
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Pankaj K Maurya
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Madhu Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Yadav
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Pawan K Sharma
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - Mahaveer P Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 425 001, India
| | - Aketi Ramesh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 425 001, India
| | - Anil K Saxena
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
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Mohandas SP, Balan L, Gopi J, Anoop BS, Mohan P S, Philip R, Cubelio SS, Singh ISB. Biocompatibility of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate films generated from Bacillus cereus MCCB 281 for medical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:244-252. [PMID: 33548322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are natural polyesters produced by microorganisms as a source of intracellular energy reserves. These polymers have been extensively studied for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications due to their desirable material properties. Solvent-cast film of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), produced by Bacillus cereus MCCB 281 was characterized to study the surface morphology, roughness, thermal and mechanical properties. PHBV films were slightly hydrophilic with an average surface roughness of 43.66 nm. In vitro cell viability and proliferation studies on PHBV film surface investigated using L929 fibroblasts showed good cell attachment and proliferation. Hemocompatibility of PHBV evaluated by hemolysis assay, in vitro platelet adhesion and coagulation assays demonstrated good blood compatibility for use as blood contact graft materials. Therefore, PHBV produced from the marine bacterium favoured cellular growth of L929 fibroblasts indicating its potential to be used as a biomaterial substrate for cell adhesion in tissue engineering and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya P Mohandas
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Linu Balan
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Jayanath Gopi
- Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - B S Anoop
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sooraj Mohan P
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, Taiwan
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | - I S Bright Singh
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Larrañaga A, Lizundia E. A review on the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation behaviour of polyesters. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Benomar S, Evans KC, Unckless RL, Chandler JR. Efflux Pumps in Chromobacterium Species Increase Antibiotic Resistance and Promote Survival in a Coculture Competition Model. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e00908-19. [PMID: 31324628 PMCID: PMC6752006 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00908-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Chromobacterium genus include opportunistic but often-fatal pathogens and soil saprophytes with highly versatile metabolic capabilities. In previous studies of Chromobacterium subtsugae (formerly C. violaceum) strain CV017, we identified a resistance nodulation division (RND)-family efflux pump (CdeAB-OprM) that confers resistance to several antibiotics, including the bactobolin antibiotic produced by the soil saprophyte Burkholderia thailandensis Here, we show the cdeAB-oprM genes increase C. subtsugae survival in a laboratory competition model with B. thailandensis We also demonstrate that adding sublethal bactobolin concentrations to the coculture increases C. subtsugae survival, but this effect is not through CdeAB-OprM. Instead, the increased survival requires a second, previously unreported pump we call CseAB-OprN. We show that in cells exposed to sublethal bactobolin concentrations, the cseAB-oprN genes are transcriptionally induced, and this corresponds to an increase in bactobolin resistance. Induction of this pump is highly specific and sensitive to bactobolin, while CdeAB-OprM appears to have a broader range of antibiotic recognition. We examine the distribution of cseAB-oprN and cdeAB-oprM gene clusters in members of the Chromobacterium genus and find the cseAB-oprN genes are limited to the nonpathogenic C. subtsugae strains, whereas the cdeAB-oprM genes are more widely distributed among members of the Chromobacterium genus. Our results provide new information on the antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Chromobacterium species and highlight the importance of efflux pumps for saprophytic bacteria existing in multispecies communities.IMPORTANCE Antibiotic efflux pumps are best known for increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogens; however, the role of these pumps in saprophytes is much less well defined. This study describes two predicted efflux pump gene clusters in the Chromobacterium genus, which is comprised of both nonpathogenic saprophytes and species that cause highly fatal human infections. One of the predicted efflux pump clusters is present in every member of the Chromobacterium genus and increases resistance to a broad range of antibiotics. The other gene cluster has more narrow antibiotic specificity and is found only in Chromobacterium subtsugae, a subset of entirely nonpathogenic species. We demonstrate the role of both pumps in increasing antibiotic resistance and demonstrate the importance of efflux-dependent resistance induction for C. subtsugae survival in a dual-species competition model. These results have implications for managing antibiotic-resistant Chromobacterium infections and for understanding the evolution of efflux pumps outside the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Benomar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Kara C Evans
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Robert L Unckless
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Josephine R Chandler
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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9
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Increased production of polyhydroxyalkanoates with controllable composition and consistent material properties by fed-batch fermentation. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Mechanistic studies of DepR in regulating FK228 biosynthesis in Chromobacterium violaceum no. 968. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196173. [PMID: 29672625 PMCID: PMC5908139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DepR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator encoded by the last gene of the putative min operon (orf21-20-19-depR) located at the downstream region of the anticancer agent FK228 biosynthetic gene cluster in Chromobacterium violaceum No. 968, positively regulates the biosynthesis of FK228. In this work, the mechanism underlining this positive regulation was probed by multiple approaches. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and DNase I footprinting assay (DIFA) identified a conserved 35-nt DNA segment in the orf21-orf22 intergenic region where the purified recombinant DepR binds to. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) promoter probe assays established that transcription of phasin gene orf22 increases in the depR deletion mutant of C. violaceum (CvΔdepR) compared to the wild-type strain. FK228 production in the orf22-overexpressed strain C. violaceum was reduced compared with the wild-type strain. DepR has two conserved cysteine residues C199 and C208 presumed to form a disulfide bridge upon sensing oxidative stress. C199X point mutations that locked DepR in a reduced conformation decreased the DNA-binding affinity of DepR; T232A or R278A mutation also had a negative impact on DNA binding of DepR. Complementation of CvΔdepR with any of those versions of depR carrying a single codon mutation was not able to restore FK228 production to the level of wild-type strain. All evidences collectively suggested that DepR positively regulates the biosynthesis of FK228 through indirect metabolic networking.
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Ferre-Guell A, Winterburn J. Biosynthesis and Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates with Controlled Composition and Microstructure. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:996-1005. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ferre-Guell
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The Mill, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - James Winterburn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The Mill, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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de Paula FC, de Paula CBC, Gomez JGC, Steinbüchel A, Contiero J. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) production from biodiesel by-product and propionic acid by mutant strains ofPandoraeasp. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1077-1084. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício C. de Paula
- Inst. de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP; Av.24A, 1515 Rio Claro SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - Carolina B. C. de Paula
- Inst. de Pesquisa em Bioenergia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP; Av.24A, 1515 Rio Claro SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - José Gregório C. Gomez
- Inst. de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Butantã São Paulo SP 05508-900 Brazil
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Inst. für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonas Contiero
- Inst. de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP; Av.24A, 1515 Rio Claro SP 13506-900 Brazil
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Synthetic Biology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 162:147-174. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Kumar M, Gupta A, Thakur IS. Carbon dioxide sequestration by chemolithotrophic oleaginous bacteria for production and optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 213:249-256. [PMID: 26920627 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present work involved screening of a previously reported carbon concentrating oleaginous bacterial strain Serratia sp. ISTD04 for production of PHA and optimization of process parameters for enhanced PHA and biomass generation. The selected bacterial strain was screened for PHA production based on Nile red staining followed by visualization under fluorescence microscope. Spectrofluorometric measurement of Nile red fluorescence of the bacterial culture was also done. Confirmatory analysis of PHA accumulation by GC-MS revealed the presence of 3-hydroxyvalerate. Detection of characteristic peaks in the FT-IR spectrum further confirmed the production of PHA by the bacterium. Response Surface Methodology was used for optimization of pH and carbon sources' concentrations for higher PHA production. There was almost a 2 fold increase in the production of PHA following optimization as compared to un-optimized condition. The study thus establishes the production of PHA by Serratia sp. ISTD04.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Asmita Gupta
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Biological System as Reactor for the Production of Biodegradable Thermoplastics, Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/b19347-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] Open
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Ng LM, Sudesh K. Identification of a new polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producer Aquitalea sp. USM4 (JCM 19919) and characterization of its PHA synthase. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:550-557. [PMID: 27132174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aquitalea sp. USM4 (JCM 19919) was isolated from a freshwater sample at Lata Iskandar Waterfall in Perak, Malaysia. It is a rod-shaped, gram-negative bacterium with high sequence identity (99%) to Aquitalea magnusonii based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. Aquitalea sp. USM4 also possessed a PHA synthase gene (phaC), which had amino acid sequence identity of 77-78% to the PHA synthase of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC12472 and Pseudogulbenkiania sp. NH8B. PHA biosynthesis results showed that wild-type Aquitalea sp. USM4 was able to accumulate up to 1.5 g/L of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), [P(3HB)]. The heterologous expression of the PHA synthase gene of Aquitalea sp. USM4 (phaCAq) in Cupriavidus necator PHB-4 had resulted in PHA accumulation up to 3.2 g/L of P(3HB). It was further confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis that Aquitalea sp. USM4 and C. necator PHB-4 transformant were able to produce PHA containing 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) and 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (3H4MV) monomers from suitable precursor substrates. Interestingly, relatively high PHA synthase activity of 863 U/g and 1402 U/g were determined in wild-type Aquitalea sp. USM4 and C. necator PHB-4 transformant respectively. This is the first report on the member of genus Aquitalea as a new PHA producer as well as in vitro and in vivo characterization of a novel PHA synthase from Aquitalea sp. USM4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Mei Ng
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia; Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, 11900 Penang, Malaysia.
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Heinrich D, Raberg M, Steinbüchel A. Synthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) from unrelated carbon sources in engineered Rhodospirillum rubrum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv038. [PMID: 25761750 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different genes encoding pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenases (pntAB, udhA) and acetoacetyl-CoA reductases (phaB) were heterologously overexpressed in Rhodospirillum rubrum S1. A recombinant strain, which harbored the gene encoding the membrane-bound transhydrogenase PntAB from Escherichia coli MG1655 and the phaB1 gene coding for an NADPH-dependent acetoacetyl-CoA reductase from Ralstonia eutropha H16, accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [Poly(3HB-co-3HV)] with a 3HV fraction of up to 13 mol% from fructose. This was a 13-fold increase of the 3HV content when compared to the wild-type strain. Higher contents of 3HV are known to reduce the brittleness of this polymer, which is advantageous for most applications. The engineered R. rubrum strain was also able to synthesize this industrially relevant copolymer from CO2 and CO from artificial synthesis gas (syngas) with a 3HV content of 56 mol%. The increased incorporation of 3HV was attributed to an excess of propionyl-CoA, which was generated from threonine and related amino acids to compensate for the intracellular redox imbalance resulting from the transhydrogenase reaction. Thereby, our study presents a novel, molecular approach to alter the composition of bacterial PHAs independently from external precursor supply. Moreover, this study also provides a promising production strain for syngas-derived second-generation biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heinrich
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Raberg
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Environmental Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Laycock B, Arcos-Hernandez MV, Langford A, Pratt S, Werker A, Halley PJ, Lant PA. Crystallisation and fractionation of selected polyhydroxyalkanoates produced from mixed cultures. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:345-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Meng DC, Shen R, Yao H, Chen JC, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Engineering the diversity of polyesters. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 29:24-33. [PMID: 24632193 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many bacteria have been found to produce various polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) biopolyesters. In many cases, it is not easy to control the structures of PHA including homopolymers, random copolymers and block copolymers as well as ratios of monomers in the copolymers. It has become possible to engineer bacteria for controllable synthesis of PHA with the desirable structures by creating new PHA synthesis pathways. Remarkably, the weakening of β-oxidation cycle in Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas entomophila led to controllable synthesis of all kinds of PHA structures including monomer ratios in random and/or block copolymers when fatty acids are used as PHA precursors. Introduction of functional groups into PHA polymer chains in predefined proportions has become a reality provided fatty acids containing the functional groups are taken up by the bacteria for PHA synthesis. This allows the formation of functional PHA for further grafting. The PHA diversity is further widened by the endless possibility of controllable homopolymerization, random copolymerization, block copolymerization and grafting on functional PHA site chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Chuan Meng
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Shen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Yao
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Chun Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Rathi DN, Amir HG, Abed RMM, Kosugi A, Arai T, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Sudesh K. Polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis and simplified polymer recovery by a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from hypersaline microbial mats. J Appl Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23176757 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Halophilic micro-organisms have received much interest because of their potential biotechnological applications, among which is the capability of some strains to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Halomonas sp. SK5, which was isolated from hypersaline microbial mats, accumulated intracellular granules of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] in modified accumulation medium supplemented with 10% (w/v) salinity and 3% (w/v) glucose. METHODS AND RESULTS A cell density of approximately 3.0 g l(-1) was attained in this culture which yielded 48 wt% P(3HB). The bacterial strain was also capable of synthesizing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] when cofed with relevant precursors. Feeding with sodium valerate (0.7 mol l(-1) carbon) at various time intervals within 36 h resulted in 3HV molar fractions ranging from 6 up to 54 mol%. Oil palm trunk sap (OPTS) and seawater as the carbon source and culture medium respectively facilitated a significant accumulation of P(3HB). Simplified downstream processing based on osmotic lysis in the presence of alkali/detergent for both dry and wet biomass resulted in approximately 90-100% recovery of polymers with purity as high as 90%. Weight-average molecular weight (M(w) ) of the polymers recovered was in the range of 1-2 × 10(6) . CONCLUSIONS Halomonas sp. SK5 was able to synthesize P(3HB) homopolymer as well as P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer from various carbon sources. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first time a comprehensive study of both production and downstream processing is reported for Halomonas spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-N Rathi
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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21
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Controlled biosynthesis of odd-chain fuels and chemicals via engineered modular metabolic pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:17925-30. [PMID: 23071297 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209002109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial systems are being increasingly developed as production hosts for a wide variety of chemical compounds. Broader adoption of microbial synthesis is hampered by a limited number of high-yielding natural pathways for molecules with the desired physical properties, as well as the difficulty in functionally assembling complex biosynthetic pathways in heterologous hosts. Here, we address both of these challenges by reporting the adaptation of the butanol biosynthetic pathway for the synthesis of odd-chain molecules and the development of a complementary modular toolkit to facilitate pathway construction, characterization, and optimization in engineered Escherichia coli. The modular feature of our pathway enables multientry and multiexit biosynthesis of various odd-chain compounds at high efficiency. By varying combinations of the pathway and toolkit enzymes, we demonstrate controlled production of propionate, trans-2-pentenoate, valerate, and pentanol, compounds with applications that include biofuels, antibiotics, biopolymers, and aroma chemicals. Importantly, and in contrast to a previously used method to identify limitations in heterologous amorphadiene production, our bypass strategy was effective even without the presence of freely membrane-diffusible substrates. This approach should prove useful for optimization of other pathways that use CoA-derivatized intermediates, including fatty acid β-oxidation and the mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid synthesis.
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Genetically modified strains of Ralstonia eutropha H16 with β-ketothiolase gene deletions for production of copolyesters with defined 3-hydroxyvaleric acid contents. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:5375-83. [PMID: 22636005 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00824-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Ketothiolases catalyze the first step of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)] biosynthesis in bacteria by condensation of two acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) molecules to acetoacetyl-CoA and also take part in the degradation of fatty acids. During growth on propionate or valerate, Ralstonia eutropha H16 produces the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HB-co-3HV)]. In R. eutropha, 15 β-ketothiolase homologues exist. The synthesis of 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (3HB-CoA) could be significantly reduced in an 8-fold mutant (Lindenkamp et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76:5373-5382, 2010). In this study, a 9-fold mutant deficient in nine β-ketothiolase gene homologues (phaA, bktB, H16_A1713, H16_B1771, H16_A1528, H16_B0381, H16_B1369, H16_A0170, and pcaF) was generated. In order to examine the polyhydroxyalkanoate production capacity when short- or long-chain and even- or odd-chain-length fatty acids were provided as carbon sources, the growth and storage behavior of several mutants from the previous study and the newly generated 9-fold mutant were analyzed. Propionate, valerate, octanoate, undecanoic acid, or oleate was chosen as the sole carbon source. On octanoate, no significant differences in growth or storage behavior were observed between wild-type R. eutropha and the mutants. In contrast, during the growth on oleate of a multiple mutant lacking phaA, bktB, and H16_A0170, diminished poly(3HB) accumulation occurred. Surprisingly, the amount of accumulated poly(3HB) in the multiple mutants grown on gluconate differed; it was much lower than that on oleate. The β-ketothiolase activity toward acetoacetyl-CoA in H16ΔphaA and all the multiple mutants remained 10-fold lower than the activity of the wild type, regardless of which carbon source, oleate or gluconate, was employed. During growth on valerate as a sole carbon source, the 9-fold mutant accumulated almost a poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HV)] homopolyester with 99 mol% 3HV constituents.
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Goh YS, Tan IKP. Polyhydroxyalkanoate production by antarctic soil bacteria isolated from Casey Station and Signy Island. Microbiol Res 2012; 167:211-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Rambo C, Costa C, Carminatti C, Recouvreux D, d'Acampora A, Porto L. Osteointegration of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) scaffolds incorporated with violacein. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Gao X, Chen JC, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Polyhydroxyalkanoates as a source of chemicals, polymers, and biofuels. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:768-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rodrigues TDS, Cardoso FC, Teixeira SMR, Oliveira SC, Braga AP. Protein classification with Extended-Sequence Coding by sliding window. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2011; 8:1721-1726. [PMID: 21519118 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2011.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A large number of unclassified sequences is still found in public databases, which suggests that there is still need for new investigations in the area. In this contribution, we present a methodology based on Artificial Neural Networks for protein functional classification. A new protein coding scheme, called here Extended-Sequence Coding by Sliding Windows, is presented with the goal of overcoming some of the difficulties of the well method Sequence Coding by Sliding Window. The new protein coding scheme uses more than one sliding window length with a weight factor that is proportional to the window length, avoiding the ambiguity problem without ignoring the identity of small subsequences Accuracy for Sequence Coding by Sliding Windows ranged from 60.1 to 77.7 percent for the first bacterium protein set and from 61.9 to 76.7 percent for the second one, whereas the accuracy for the proposed Extended-Sequence Coding by Sliding Windows scheme ranged from 70.7 to 97.1 percent for the first bacterium protein set and from 61.1 to 93.3 percent for the second one. Additionally, protein sequences classified inconsistently by the Artificial Neural Networks were analyzed by CD-Search revealing that there are some disagreement in public repositories, calling the attention for the relevant issue of error propagation in annotated databases due the incorrect transferred annotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago de Souza Rodrigues
- Computer Department, Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Av. Amazonas 5253, Nova Suiça, Belo Horizonte 30421-169, MG, Brazil
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Ling S, Tsuge T, Sudesh K. Biosynthesis of novel polyhydroxyalkanoate containing 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate by Chromobacterium sp. USM2. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:559-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05084.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Biosynthesis and characterization of novel polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers with high elastic property by Cupriavidus necator PHB−4 transformant. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate homopolymers by Pseudomonas putida. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 89:1497-507. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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30
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Lau NS, Chee JY, Tsuge T, Sudesh K. Biosynthesis and mobilization of a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate containing 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate monomer produced by Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:7916-7923. [PMID: 20541932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We attempted to synthesize a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) containing newly reported 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (3H4MV) monomer by using wild type Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050) and its transformed strain harboring the PHA synthase gene of Aeromonas caviae (phaCAc). The introduction of 3H4MV as a second monomer will improve the material properties of 3HB-based polymers. To promote the accumulation of PHA containing 3H4MV monomer, isocaproic acid was provided as co-carbon source. Approximately 1mol% of 3H4MV was detected in wild type Burkholderia sp. cultures when they were fed glucose or fructose together with isocaproic acid. Thus, the wild type strain can synthesize the 3H4MV monomer. High 3H4MV fractions, of about 40mol%, were obtained when the transformed strain was cultivated on glucose or fructose together with isocaproic acid. In addition, the ability of the transformed strain to mobilize accumulated PHA containing 3H4MV monomer was demonstrated in this study. This is the first report on mobilization of the 3H4MV monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyok-Sean Lau
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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31
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Improved synthesis of P(3HB-co-3HV-co-3HHx) terpolymers by mutant Cupriavidus necator using the PHA synthase gene of Chromobacterium sp. USM2 with high affinity towards 3HV. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Sankhla IS, Bhati R, Singh AK, Mallick N. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) co-polymer production from a local isolate, Brevibacillus invocatus MTCC 9039. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:1947-1953. [PMID: 19900805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] co-polymer by a local isolate, Brevibacillus invocatus MTCC 9039 under batch mode was investigated under glucose, acetate and propionate-supplemented conditions. Cells harvested at the stationary phase of growth depicted maximum accumulation of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), i.e. 3% of dry cell weight (dcw) at pH 7.0 and temperature 30 degrees C at 48h of incubation. PHB accumulation reached up to 52% (dcw) under 3% glucose with 1% acetate supplementation. P(3HB-co-3HV) co-polymer synthesis was observed under propionate-supplemented condition, which reached up to 45% under 3% glucose with 1% propionate supplementation. Optimization of process parameters by response surface methodology (RSM) resulted into co-polymer accumulation up to 65% (dcw) at 2.08% glucose, 1.62% acetate, 0.75% propionate and 2.15 g l(-1) KH(2)PO(4) concentrations. This co-polymer exhibited comparable material properties with the commercial [P(3HB-co-3HV)] co-polymers, whereas the elasticity was tremendously high and could be comparable with polypropylene. Thus, B. invocatus MTCC 9039 is emerging as an interesting organism and could be exploited further for P(3HB-co-3HV) co-polymer production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Singh Sankhla
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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33
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Chen GQ. Plastics Completely Synthesized by Bacteria: Polyhydroxyalkanoates. MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03287-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Shen XW, Yang Y, Jian J, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Production and characterization of homopolymer poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHV) accumulated by wild type and recombinant Aeromonas hydrophila strain 4AK4. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:4296-4299. [PMID: 19395256 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila 4AK4 normally produces copolyesters (PHBHHx) consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (C4) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (C6). Wild type and recombinant A. hydrophila 4AK4 (pSXW02) expressing vgb and fadD genes encoding Vitreoscilla haemoglobin and Escherichia coli acyl-CoA synthase respectively, were found able to produce homopolyester poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHV) (C5) on undecanoic acid as a single carbon source. The recombinant grew to 5.59 g/L cell dry weight (CDW) containing 47.74 wt% PHV in shake flasks when growth was conducted in LB medium and PHV production in undecanoic acid. The cells grew to 47.12 g/L CDW containing 60.08 wt% PHV in a 6 L fermentor study. Physical characterization of PHV produced by recombinant A. hydrophila 4AK4 (pSXW02) in fermentor showed a weight average molecular weight (M(w)) of 230,000 Da, a polydispersity of 3.52, a melting temperature of 103 degrees C and a glass transition temperature of -15.8 degrees C. The degradation temperature at 5% weight loss of the PHV was around 258 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Shen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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35
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Shamala TR, Divyashree MS, Davis R, Kumari KSL, Vijayendra SVN, Raj B. Production and characterization of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers and evaluation of their blends by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Indian J Microbiol 2009; 49:251-8. [PMID: 23100778 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-009-0031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium meliloti produced a copolymer of short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (scl-PHA) on sucrose and rice bran oil as carbon substrates. Recombinant Escherichia coli (JC7623ABC1J4), bearing PHA synthesis genes, was used to synthesize short chain length-co-medium chain length PHA (scl-co-mcl-PHA) on glucose and decanoic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the PHAs indicated strong characteristic bands at 1282, 1723, and 2934 cm(-1) for scl-PHA and at 2933 and 2976 cm(-1) for scl-co-mcl-PHA polymer. Differentiation of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate-P(HB-co-HV) copolymer was obseverd using FTIR, with absorption bands at 1723 and 1281 for PHB, and at 1738, 1134, 1215 cm(-1) for HV-copolymer. The copolymers were analyzed by GC and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Films of polymer blends of PHA produced by R. meliloti and recombinant E. coli were prepared using glycerol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, individually (1:1 ratio), to modify the mechanical properties of the films and these films were evaluated by FTIR and scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Shamala
- Department of Food Microbiology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India
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Sheu DS, Chen WM, Yang JY, Chang RC. Thermophilic bacterium Caldimonas taiwanensis produces poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) from starch and valerate as carbon sources. Enzyme Microb Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Production and characterization of homopolymer polyhydroxyheptanoate (P3HHp) by a fadBA knockout mutant Pseudomonas putida KTOY06 derived from P. putida KT2442. Process Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dall'Agnol LT, Martins RN, Vallinoto ACR, Ribeiro KTS. Diversity of Chromobacterium violaceum isolates from aquatic environments of state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103:678-82. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008000700009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Barreto ES, Torres AR, Barreto MR, Vasconcelos ATR, Astolfi-Filho S, Hungria M. Diversity in antifungal activity of strains of Chromobacterium violaceum from the Brazilian Amazon. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:783-90. [PMID: 18347828 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromobacterium violaceum is a free-living Gram-negative bacterium found in soil and aquatic habitats; abundantly present in the Brazilian Amazon, it is an important example of exploitable microbial diversity of the tropics. In this study, 24 strains from the Brazilian Amazon and ATCC 12472(T) were investigated for biocontrol potential of seven fungi pathogenic to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] seed. Both cells and the supernatants of two Brazilian strains, 07-1 and 27-1, together with ATCC 12472(T) were strongly antagonistic to six out of the seven fungi. The antifungal activity of the Brazilian strains to Fusarium sp., Phomopsis sp. and Cercospora kikuchi was consistently stronger than that of ATCC 12472(T). In addition, the two Brazilian strains, but not ATCC 12472(T), were effective against Corynespora sp., and all three strains and their supernatants were equally effective against Aspergillus sp. and Colletotrichum sp. None of the strains had antifungal activity against Botroyodiplodia sp. Three potential mechanisms related to the antibiosis were investigated: violacein toxicity, cyanide production and chitinolytic activity; however, it was not possible to associate any of them with the antifungal activity. The results highlight the biotechnological potential still to be explored within the poorly characterized microbial biodiversity of the tropics.
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Kalia VC, Lal S, Cheema S. Insight in to the phylogeny of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis: Horizontal gene transfer. Gene 2007; 389:19-26. [PMID: 17113245 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2006.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 09/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are gaining more and more importance the world over due to their structural diversity and close analogy to plastics. Their biodegradability makes them extremely desirable substitutes for synthetic plastics. PHAs are produced in organisms under certain stress conditions. Here, we investigated 253 sequenced (completely and unfinished) genomes for the diversity and phylogenetics of the PHA biosynthesis. Discrepancies in the phylogenetic trees for phaA, phaB and phaC genes of the PHA biosynthesis have led to the suggestion that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) may be a major contributor for its evolution. Twenty four organisms belonging to diverse taxa were found to be involved in HGT. Among these, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri str. 306 seem to have acquired all the three genes through HGT events and have not been characterized so far as PHA producers. This study also revealed certain potential organisms such as Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Brucella suis 1330, Burkholderia sp., DSMZ 9242 and Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. 56601, which can be transformed into novel PHA producers through recombinant DNA technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin C Kalia
- Environmental Biotechnology, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR), Delhi, India.
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41
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Loo CY, Sudesh K. Biosynthesis and native granule characteristics of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in Delftia acidovorans. Int J Biol Macromol 2006; 40:466-71. [PMID: 17207850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 11/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Delftia acidovorans to incorporate a broad range of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) monomers into polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymers was evaluated in this study. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] containing 0-90 mol% of 3HV was obtained when a mixture of sodium 3-hydroxybutyrate and sodium valerate was used as the carbon sources. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed an interesting aspect of the P(3HB-co-3HV) granules containing high molar ratios of 3HV whereby, the copolymer granules were generally larger than those of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] granules, despite having almost the same cellular PHA contents. The large number of P(3HB-co-3HV) granules occupying almost the entire cell volume did not correspond to a higher amount of polymer by weight. This indicated that the granules of P(3HB-co-3HV) contain polymer chains that are loosely packed and therefore have lower density than P(3HB) granules. It was also interesting to note that a decrease in the length of the side chain from 3HV to 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) corresponded to an increase in the density of the respective PHA granules. The presence of longer side chain monomers (3HV) in the PHA structure seem to exhibit steric effects that prevent the polymer chains in the granules from being closely packed. The results reported here have important implications on the maximum ability of bacterial cells to accumulate PHA containing monomers with longer side chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yee Loo
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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42
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Hungria M, Astolfi-Filho S, Chueire LMO, Nicolás MF, Santos EBP, Bulbol MR, Souza-Filho A, Nogueira Assunção E, Germano MG, Vasconcelos ATR. Genetic characterization of Chromobacterium isolates from black water environments in the Brazilian Amazon. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 41:17-23. [PMID: 15960747 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate and to characterize the diversity of Chromobacterium violaceum from the Brazilian Amazon region. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-two isolates were obtained from the waters and banks of the river Negro, in the Brazilian Amazon. All isolates were able to grow in vitro at 44 degrees C and pH 4.0, but were adversely affected by temperatures below 15 degrees C, and unable to survive at 4 degrees C, properties that may be related to the adaptation to the ecosystem. The isolates were joined at a final level of similarity of only 13% in the rep-PCR analysis. The analysis of 16S rRNA genes resulted in three main groups clustered at a final level of similarity of 97% and only three isolates were clustered with the type strain. Similar data were obtained for the 23S rRNA gene. CONCLUSIONS A high level of genetic diversity was verified with indications that the Brazilian isolates would fit into at least two new clusters besides C. violaceum species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results show remarkable bacterial adaptability and genetic diversity of C. violaceum in the Amazon region.
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43
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The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:11660-5. [PMID: 14500782 PMCID: PMC208814 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1832124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) approximately 500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) widespread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications.
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44
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Wang Y, Yamada S, Asakawa N, Yamane T, Yoshie N, Inoue Y. Comonomer compositional distribution and thermal and morphological characteristics of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)s with high 3-hydroxyvalerate content. Biomacromolecules 2003; 2:1315-23. [PMID: 11777409 DOI: 10.1021/bm010128o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The comonomer compositional distribution and thermal and morphological characteristics were investigated for five bacterially synthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] samples with 3HV content of 45, 49, 70, 80, and 96 mol %. All these samples were fractionated into many fractions with widely different 3HV content by changing solvent/nonsolvent volume ratio of chloroform/n-heptane mixtures. Bacterial P(3HB-co-3HV) samples investigated in this study were found to have broad comonomer compositional distribution. The tendencies of the fractional precipitation of the P((3HB-co-3HV)s with 3HV content lower than 60 mol % and those with 3HV higher than 80 mol % were found to be contrary. The 3HV content dependences of the thermal properties and crystalline structures were investigated for bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] and a series of compositionally well-fractionated P(3HB-co-3HV) samples with 3HV content ranged from 14 to 98 mol % by DSC, WAXD, and solid-state (13)C NMR. It was found that P(3HB-co-3HV) samples with 3HV content lower than about 47 mol % form the crystalline lattice having the P(3HB) homopolymer type lattice including the 3HV unit as the crystal constituent, and those with a 3HV content higher than about 52 mol % form the crystalline lattice having the P(3HV) homopolymer type lattice including the 3HB units. Thus, P(3HB-co-3HV)s show the crystalline structural change in a very narrow range of 3HV content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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45
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Kimura H, Yamamoto T, Iwakura K. Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from 1,3-Propanediol by Chromobacterium sp. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Nguyen S, Yu GE, Marchessault RH. Thermal degradation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates): preparation of well-defined oligomers. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:219-24. [PMID: 11866577 DOI: 10.1021/bm0156274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The thermal degradation of the biodegradable bacterial polyesters poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, poly(3-hydroxyvalerate), PHV, and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), 0-21 mol % of hydroxyvalerate, was studied. At moderately low temperatures (170-200 degrees C), the main product is a well-defined oligomer, especially a 500-10,000 g/mol macromolecule, which contains one unsaturated end group, predominantly a trans-alkenyl end group, as well as a carboxylic end group. The process was studied regarding the effect of the copolymer composition and reaction time at 190 degrees C. During the first few hours of reaction, the thermal degradation of PHB and PHV followed a kinetic model of random scission, but eventually auto-acceleration of the pyrolysis was detected, probably due to the influence of the crotonate end groups of the oligomers formed. Ten-time scale-up experiments on a Brabender instrument were successfully undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 3420 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2A7, Canada
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47
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Kim YB, Lenz RW. Polyesters from microorganisms. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 71:51-79. [PMID: 11217417 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-40021-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial polyesters have been found to have useful properties for applications as thermoplastics, elastomers, and adhesives and are biodegradable and biocompatible. Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) and poly(beta-malate) are the most representative polyesters synthesized by microorganisms. PHAs containing a wide variety of repeating units can be produced by bacteria, including those containing many types of pendant functional groups which can be synthesized by microorganisms that are grown on unnatural organic substrates. Poly(beta-malate) is of interest primarily for medical applications, especially for drug delivery systems. In this chapter, the bacterial production and properties of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) and poly(beta-malate) are described with emphasis on the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Kim
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, PaiChai University, 439-6 Doma-2-dong, Seoku, Daejon, 302-735, Korea.
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48
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Kessler B, Weusthuis R, Witholt B, Eggink G. Production of microbial polyesters: fermentation and downstream processes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 71:159-82. [PMID: 11217411 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-40021-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) constitute a large and versatile family of polyesters produced by various bacteria. PHAs are receiving considerable attention because of their potential as renewable and biodegradable plastics, and as a source of chiral synthons since the monomers are chiral. Industrial PHA production processes have been developed for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (poly(3HB)) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate) (poly(3HB-co-3HV). More than 100 other poly(3HAMCL)s, characterized by monomers of medium chain length, have been identified in the past two decades. These monomers typically contain 6-14 carbon atoms, are usually linked via-3-hydroxy ester linkages, but can occasionally also exhibit 2-, 4-, 5-, or 6-hydroxy ester linkages. Such polyesters are collectively referred to as medium chain length PHAs poly(3HAMCL)s. The vast majority of these interesting biopolyesters have been studied and produced only on the laboratory scale. However, there have been several attempts to develop pilot scale processes, and these provide some insight into the production economics of poly(3HAMCL)s other than poly(3HB) and poly(3HB-co-3HV). These processes utilize diverse fermentation strategies to control the monomer composition of the polymer, enabling the tailoring of polymer material properties to some extent. The best studied of these is poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (poly(3HO)), which contains about 90% 3-hydroxyoctanoate. This biopolyester has been produced on the pilot scale and is now being used in several experimental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kessler
- Institute of Biotechnology, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg HPT, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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49
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Iwata T, Doi Y. Morphology and Crystal Structure of Solution-Grown Single Crystals of Poly[(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate]. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma000186m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahisa Iwata
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Doi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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50
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Kimura H, Sasaki S, Inukai S, Takeishi M. Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s with Terminal Alkene Groups in the Side Chains by Chromobacteriumsp. CHEM LETT 1999. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1999.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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