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Mengist MF, Bostan H, De Paola D, Teresi SJ, Platts AE, Cremona G, Qi X, Mackey T, Bassil NV, Ashrafi H, Giongo L, Jibran R, Chagné D, Bianco L, Lila MA, Rowland LJ, Iovene M, Edger PP, Iorizzo M. Autopolyploid inheritance and a heterozygous reciprocal translocation shape chromosome genetic behavior in tetraploid blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1024-1039. [PMID: 35962608 PMCID: PMC10087351 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding chromosome recombination behavior in polyploidy species is key to advancing genetic discoveries. In blueberry, a tetraploid species, the line of evidences about its genetic behavior still remain poorly understood, owing to the inter-specific, and inter-ploidy admixture of its genome and lack of in depth genome-wide inheritance and comparative structural studies. Here we describe a new high-quality, phased, chromosome-scale genome of a diploid blueberry, clone W85. The genome was integrated with cytogenetics and high-density, genetic maps representing six tetraploid blueberry cultivars, harboring different levels of wild genome admixture, to uncover recombination behavior and structural genome divergence across tetraploid and wild diploid species. Analysis of chromosome inheritance and pairing demonstrated that tetraploid blueberry behaves as an autotetraploid with tetrasomic inheritance. Comparative analysis demonstrated the presence of a reciprocal, heterozygous, translocation spanning one homolog of chr-6 and one of chr-10 in the cultivar Draper. The translocation affects pairing and recombination of chromosomes 6 and 10. Besides the translocation detected in Draper, no other structural genomic divergences were detected across tetraploid cultivars and highly inter-crossable wild diploid species. These findings and resources will facilitate new genetic and comparative genomic studies in Vaccinium and the development of genomic assisted selection strategy for this crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molla F. Mengist
- Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNC28081USA
| | - Hamed Bostan
- Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNC28081USA
| | - Domenico De Paola
- Institute of Biosciences and BioresourcesNational Research Council of ItalyBari70126Italy
| | - Scott J. Teresi
- Department of HorticultureMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Adrian E. Platts
- Department of HorticultureMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Gaetana Cremona
- Institute of Biosciences and BioresourcesNational Research Council of ItalyPorticiNA80055Italy
| | - Xinpeng Qi
- Genetic Improvement for Fruits and Vegetables LaboratoryBeltsville Agricultural Research Center‐West, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsvilleMD20705USA
| | - Ted Mackey
- Horticultural Crops Research UnitUS Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceCorvallisOR97330USA
| | - Nahla V. Bassil
- National Clonal Germplasm RepositoryUS Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceCorvallisOR97333USA
| | - Hamid Ashrafi
- Department of Horticultural ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA
| | - Lara Giongo
- Foundation of Edmund MachSan Michele all'AdigeTN38098Italy
| | - Rubina Jibran
- Plant & Food ResearchFitzherbertPalmerston North4474New Zealand
| | - David Chagné
- Plant & Food ResearchFitzherbertPalmerston North4474New Zealand
| | - Luca Bianco
- Foundation of Edmund MachSan Michele all'AdigeTN38098Italy
| | - Mary A. Lila
- Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNC28081USA
| | - Lisa J. Rowland
- Genetic Improvement for Fruits and Vegetables LaboratoryBeltsville Agricultural Research Center‐West, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsvilleMD20705USA
| | - Marina Iovene
- Institute of Biosciences and BioresourcesNational Research Council of ItalyPorticiNA80055Italy
| | - Patrick P. Edger
- Department of HorticultureMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNC28081USA
- Department of Horticultural ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA
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2
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van den Bosch K, Witkowski E, Thompson D, Cron G. Reprappendixoductive ecology offers some answers to the pepperbark tree persistence puzzle in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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DeVetter LW, Chabert S, Milbrath MO, Mallinger RE, Walters J, Isaacs R, Galinato SP, Kogan C, Brouwer K, Melathopoulos A, Eeraerts M. Toward evidence-based decision support systems to optimize pollination and yields in highbush blueberry. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1006201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) is a globally important fruit crop that depends on insect-mediated pollination to produce quality fruit and commercially viable yields. Pollination success in blueberry is complex and impacted by multiple interacting factors including flower density, bee diversity and abundance, and weather conditions. Other factors, including floral traits, bee traits, and economics also contribute to pollination success at the farm level but are less well understood. As blueberry production continues to expand globally, decision-aid technologies are needed to optimize and enhance the sustainability of pollination strategies. The objective of this review is to highlight our current knowledge about blueberry pollination, where current research efforts are focused, and where future research should be directed to successfully implement a comprehensive blueberry pollination decision-making framework for modern production systems. Important knowledge gaps remain, including how to integrate wild and managed pollinators to optimize pollination, and how to provide predictable and stable crop pollination across variable environmental conditions. In addition, continued advances in pesticide stewardship are required to optimize pollinator health and crop outcomes. Integration of on- and off-farm data, statistical models, and software tools could distill complex scientific information into decision-aid systems that support sustainable, evidence-based pollination decisions at the farm level. Utility of these tools will require multi-disciplinary research and strategic deployment through effective extension and information-sharing networks of growers, beekeepers, and extension/crop advisors.
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Kämper W, Trueman SJ, Ogbourne SM, Wallace HM. Pollination services in a macadamia cultivar depend on across‐orchard transport of cross pollen. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Kämper
- Food Futures Platform Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University Nathan Qld Australia
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
- Genecology Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld Australia
| | - Stephen J. Trueman
- Food Futures Platform Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University Nathan Qld Australia
- Genecology Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld Australia
| | - Steven M. Ogbourne
- Genecology Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld Australia
| | - Helen M. Wallace
- Food Futures Platform Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University Nathan Qld Australia
- Genecology Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld Australia
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Kim ES, Zaya DN, Fant JB, Ashley MV. Reproductive trade-offs maintain bract color polymorphism in Scarlet Indian paintbrush (Castilleja coccinea). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209176. [PMID: 30601846 PMCID: PMC6314579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations of scarlet Indian paintbrush (Castilleja coccinea) in the Midwestern United States exhibit a bract color polymorphism, with each population having predominantly yellow or scarlet bracts. We investigated a possible mechanism for this maintenance of bract color polymorphism in C. coccinea by conducting hand-pollination experiments in two nearby populations, one predominantly yellow and one predominantly scarlet. The hand-pollination treatments were either self-pollination or cross pollination using pollen from within and between populations. Both color morphs were used as pollen donors for the within and between crosses. We found that both color morphs of C. coccinea were self-compatible. When the scarlet morph was the maternal plant it had higher seed set. When pollinators were excluded, the yellow morph outperformed the scarlet morph in fruit set and seed set. The apparent trade-offs between a higher reproductive output in the scarlet morph and a reproductive assurance advantage in the yellow morph may explain the maintenance of the polymorphism in C. coccinea. While many previous studies have provided evidence for pollinator preference playing a role in floral color polymorphism, the results of the current study indicate that reproductive assurance, which would be important for fluctuations in pollinator abundance or colonizing new areas, may act as a selective agent to maintain such polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David N. Zaya
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jeremie B. Fant
- Institute for Plant Conservation, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois, United States of America
- Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mary V. Ashley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Egan PA, Adler LS, Irwin RE, Farrell IW, Palmer-Young EC, Stevenson PC. Crop Domestication Alters Floral Reward Chemistry With Potential Consequences for Pollinator Health. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1357. [PMID: 30319666 PMCID: PMC6169423 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Crop domestication can lead to weakened expression of plant defences, with repercussions for herbivore and pathogen susceptibility. However, little is known about how domestication alters traits that mediate other important ecological interactions in crops, such as pollination. Secondary metabolites, which underpin many defence responses in plants, also occur widely in nectar and pollen and influence plant-pollinator interactions. Thus, domestication may also affect secondary compounds in floral rewards, with potential consequences for pollinators. To test this hypothesis, we chemically analysed nectar and pollen from wild and cultivated plants of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), before conducting an artificial diet bioassay to examine pollinator-pathogen interactions. Our results indicated that domestication has significantly altered the chemical composition of V. corymbosum nectar and pollen, and reduced pollen chemical diversity in cultivated plants. Of 20 plant metabolites identified in floral rewards, 13 differed significantly between wild and cultivated plants, with a majority showing positive associations with wild compared to cultivated plants. These included the amino acid phenylalanine (4.5 times higher in wild nectar, 11 times higher in wild pollen), a known bee phagostimulant and essential nutrient; and the antimicrobial caffeic acid ester 4-O-caffeoylshikimic acid (two times higher in wild nectar). We assessed the possible biological relevance of variation in caffeic acid esters in bioassays, using the commercially available 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid. This compound reduced Bombus impatiens infection by a prominent gut pathogen (Crithidia) at concentrations that occurred in wild but not cultivated plants, suggesting that domestication may influence floral traits with consequences for bee health. Appreciable levels of genetic variation and heritability were found for most floral reward chemical traits, indicating good potential for selective breeding. Our study provides the first assessment of plant domestication effects on floral reward chemistry and its potential repercussions for pollinator health. Given the central importance of pollinators for agriculture, we discuss the need to extend such investigations to pollinator-dependent crops more generally and elaborate on future research directions to ascertain wider trends, consequences for pollinators, mechanisms, and breeding solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Egan
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Lynn S. Adler
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Rebecca E. Irwin
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | | | - Evan C. Palmer-Young
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Philip C. Stevenson
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Ferrão LFV, Benevenuto J, Oliveira IDB, Cellon C, Olmstead J, Kirst M, Resende MFR, Munoz P. Insights Into the Genetic Basis of Blueberry Fruit-Related Traits Using Diploid and Polyploid Models in a GWAS Context. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8
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Bourke PM, Voorrips RE, Visser RGF, Maliepaard C. Tools for Genetic Studies in Experimental Populations of Polyploids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:513. [PMID: 29720992 PMCID: PMC5915555 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyploid organisms carry more than two copies of each chromosome, a condition rarely tolerated in animals but which occurs relatively frequently in the plant kingdom. One of the principal challenges faced by polyploid organisms is to evolve stable meiotic mechanisms to faithfully transmit genetic information to the next generation upon which the study of inheritance is based. In this review we look at the tools available to the research community to better understand polyploid inheritance, many of which have only recently been developed. Most of these tools are intended for experimental populations (rather than natural populations), facilitating genomics-assisted crop improvement and plant breeding. This is hardly surprising given that a large proportion of domesticated plant species are polyploid. We focus on three main areas: (1) polyploid genotyping; (2) genetic and physical mapping; and (3) quantitative trait analysis and genomic selection. We also briefly review some miscellaneous topics such as the mode of inheritance and the availability of polyploid simulation software. The current polyploid analytic toolbox includes software for assigning marker genotypes (and in particular, estimating the dosage of marker alleles in the heterozygous condition), establishing chromosome-scale linkage phase among marker alleles, constructing (short-range) haplotypes, generating linkage maps, performing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses, and simulating polyploid populations. These tools can also help elucidate the mode of inheritance (disomic, polysomic or a mixture of both as in segmental allopolyploids) or reveal whether double reduction and multivalent chromosomal pairing occur. An increasing number of polyploids (or associated diploids) are being sequenced, leading to publicly available reference genome assemblies. Much work remains in order to keep pace with developments in genomic technologies. However, such technologies also offer the promise of understanding polyploid genomes at a level which hitherto has remained elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chris Maliepaard
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Norman JK, Sarai AK, Weller SG, Dawson TE. INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF SCHIEDEA LYDGATEI (CARYOPHYLLACEAE) IN TWO ENVIRONMENTS. Evolution 2017; 49:297-306. [PMID: 28565008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb02242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/1993] [Accepted: 05/23/1994] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We compared inbreeding depression in hermaphroditic Schiedea lydgatei and its gynodioecious sister species, S. salicaria, to infer the level of inbreeding depression in their common ancestor. With measurements of selfing rates, this information can be used to assess the importance of inbreeding depression in the evolution of breeding systems in S. lydgatei and S. salicaria. Morphological and physiological characters related to fitness were compared for inbred and outcrossed S. lydgatei in high- and low-fertilizer environments in the greenhouse. Seed mass, number of seeds per capsule, germination, survival, biomass, number of flowers, and age at first flowering were compared for inbred versus outcrossed progeny. We also measured inbreeding depression in maximal rates of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance to water vapor, traits that affect fitness through their influence on plant carbon balance and water-use efficiency (ratio of carbon gain to water loss). All traits except number of seeds per capsule in parents and survival showed inbreeding depression, with the magnitude depending on family and environment. High inbreeding depression is likely in the ancestor of S. lydgatei and S. salicaria, indicating that, with sufficiently high selfing rates, females could spread in populations. Hermaphroditism in S. lydgatei is probably favored by low selfing rates. In contrast, the evolution of gynodioecy in S. salicaria apparently has been favored by relatively high selfing rates in combination with high inbreeding depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Norman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, 92717
| | - Ann K Sarai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, 92717
| | - Stephen G Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, 92717
| | - Todd E Dawson
- Section of Ecology and Systematics, Corson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853-2701
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10
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Becerra JX, Lloyd DG. COMPETITION-DEPENDENT ABSCISSION OF SELF-POLLINATED FLOWERS OFPHORMIUM TENAX(AGAVACEAE): A SECOND ACTION OF SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY AT THE WHOLE FLOWER LEVEL? Evolution 2017; 46:458-469. [PMID: 28564036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb02051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/1991] [Accepted: 08/28/1991] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith X. Becerra
- The Center for Insect Science and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Arizona; Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - David G. Lloyd
- Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences; University of Canterbury; Christchurch 1 NEW ZEALAND
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11
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Pucholt P, Hallingbäck HR, Berlin S. Allelic incompatibility can explain female biased sex ratios in dioecious plants. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:251. [PMID: 28335728 PMCID: PMC5364565 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biased sex ratios are common among dioecious plant species despite the theoretical prediction of selective advantage of even sex ratios. Albeit the high prevalence of deviations from even sex ratios, the genetic causes to sex biases are rarely known outside of a few model species. Here we present a mechanism underlying the female biased sex ratio in the dioecious willow species Salix viminalis. Results We compared the segregation pattern of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism markers in two contrasting bi-parental pedigree populations, the S3 with even sex ratio and the S5 with a female biased sex ratio. With the segregation analysis and comparison between the two populations, we were able to demonstrate that sex determination and sex ratio distortion are controlled by different genetic mechanisms. We furthermore located the sex ratio distorter locus to a Z/W-gametologous region on chromosome 15, which was in close linkage with the sex determination locus. Interestingly, all males in the population with biased sex ratio have in this sex ratio distorter locus the same genotype, meaning that males with the Z1/Z3-genotype were missing from the population, thereby creating the 2:1 female biased sex ratio. Conclusions We attribute the absence of Z1/Z3 males to an allelic incompatibility between maternally and paternally inherited alleles in this sex ratio distorter locus. Due to the tight linkage with the sex determination locus only male individuals are purged from the population at an early age, presumably before or during seed development. We showed that such allelic incompatibility could be stably maintained over evolutionary times through a system of overdominant or pseudooverdominant alleles. Thus, it is possible that the same mechanism generates the female biased sex ratio in natural willow populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3634-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Pucholt
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE - 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Henrik R Hallingbäck
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE - 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE - 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sofia Berlin
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE - 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Hao YQ, Zhao XF, She DY, Xu B, Zhang DY, Liao WJ. The role of late-acting self-incompatibility and early-acting inbreeding depression in governing female fertility in monkshood, Aconitum kusnezoffii. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47034. [PMID: 23056570 PMCID: PMC3467251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced seed yields following self-pollination have repeatedly been observed, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive when self-pollen tubes can readily grow into ovaries, because pre-, post-zygotic late-acting self-incompatibility (LSI), or early-acting inbreeding depression (ID) can induce self-sterility. The main objective of this study was to differentiate these processes in Aconitum kusnezoffii, a plant lacking stigmatic or stylar inhibition of self-pollination. We performed a hand-pollination experiment in a natural population of A. kusnezoffii, compared seed set among five pollination treatments, and evaluated the distribution of seed size and seed set. Embryonic development suggested fertilization following self-pollination. A partial pre-zygotic LSI was suggested to account for the reduced seed set by two lines of evidence. The seed set of chase-pollination treatment significantly exceeded that of self-pollination treatment, and the proportion of unfertilized ovules was the highest following self-pollination. Meanwhile, early-acting ID, rather than post-zygotic LSI, was suggested by the findings that the size of aborted selfed seeds varied continuously and widely; and the selfed seed set both exhibited a continuous distribution and positively correlated with the crossed seed set. These results indicated that the embryos were aborted at different stages due to the expression of many deleterious alleles throughout the genome during seed maturation. No signature of post-zygotic LSI was found. Both partial pre-zygotic LSI and early-acting ID contribute to the reduction in selfed seed set in A. kusnezoffii, with pre-zygotic LSI rejecting part of the self-pollen and early-acting ID aborting part of the self-fertilized seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Feng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Deng-Ying She
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wan-Jin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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13
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Zhang C, Irwin RE, Wang Y, He YP, Yang YP, Duan YW. Selective seed abortion induced by nectar robbing in the selfing plant Comastoma pulmonarium. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 192:249-255. [PMID: 21651561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03785.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
• Self-pollination often provides plants with the benefit of reproductive assurance; thus, it is generally assumed that species' interactions that alter floral attractiveness or rewards, such as nectar robbing, will have little effect on the seed production of selfing species. We challenge this view with experimental data from Comastoma pulmonarium, a selfing annual experiencing a high ratio of nectar robbing in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. • We manipulated robbing (robbed or netted) and pollination mode (hand-selfed or hand-outcrossed) in a factorial design and measured the number of developing ovules and mature seeds, together with seed weight and seed germination, in each treatment. • Robbing decreased the number of mature seeds, but not the number of developing ovules, suggesting a negative influence of robbers through indirect effects via selective seed abortion. We found no evidence for early-acting inbreeding depression, but found later-acting inbreeding depression. Our data also suggested that later-acting inbreeding depression of progeny from robbed flowers could be reduced in comparison with that from unrobbed flowers. • We suggest that nectar robbing can have both negative and positive effects on the quantity and quality, respectively, of progeny produced in selfing plants, and challenge the view that robbing has no effect on selfing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rebecca E Irwin
- Biology Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Ya-Ping He
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Yong-Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Yuan-Wen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
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14
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Sousa SM, Reis AC, Gomes SSL, Bernardo KB, Salimena FRG, Viccini LF. Botanical aspects of Heteropterys umbellata (Malpighiaceae): a cytological and palynological approach. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2010; 82:868-79. [PMID: 21152761 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652010000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Heteropterys is one of the major genera in Malpighiaceae. However, few cytological and palynological studies were reported. The present work described for the first time the chromosome number, heterochromatin pattern, meiotic behavior, pollen viability and palynological aspects of Heteropterys ubellata, a very spread species. One large Brazilian population was evaluated using conventional techniques for meiotic studies and acetolyse to access the pollen morphology. The species showed 2n = 20 chromosomes, normal meiotic development and viable pollens. Great blocks of heterochromatin were observed around the centromers. DAPI staining was positive for centroeric heterochroatin, hile CMA3 ark as observed just at terinal regions of one pair of hoologues chromosomes. This result and the presence of one chromosome pair attached to the nucleoli during the pachytene and diakinesis suggested the presence of only one pair of NORs. Palynological analysis revealed that pollen grains are apolar, 6 porate and with colpoids associated to all pores. The pollen content was positive for the starch test, and the exine was rugulate with little psilate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo M Sousa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Genética, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Bairro Martelos, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.
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Stone JL, Wilson EE, Kwak AS. Embryonic inbreeding depression varies among populations and by mating system in Witheringia solanacea (Solanaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2010; 97:1328-33. [PMID: 21616885 PMCID: PMC3673560 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Embryonic inbreeding depression is a key influence on mating system evolution and can be difficult to estimate in self-incompatible species. A pollen chase experiment was used to estimate the magnitude of embryonic inbreeding depression in Costa Rican Witheringia solanacea, a species polymorphic for self-incompatibility (SI). In a pollen chase experiment, bud self-pollinations are followed after anthesis by outcross pollinations, with a comparable pair of outcross pollinations used as a control. Lowered seed set for the self-precedence treatment indicates embryonic inbreeding depression. • METHODS Embryonic inbreeding depression was assayed for self-compatible (SC) individuals and for SI plants from two populations that differ quantitatively in the onset and enzymatic activity of their SI response. Microsatellite markers were used to assay the selfing rate of a sample of surviving progeny from the prior self-pollination treatment. • KEY RESULTS SC individuals showed no evidence of embryonic inbreeding depression. In SI plants, prior self-pollination reduced seed number by 28-70%, depending on population. Microsatellite genotyping revealed that embryonic inbreeding depression was even more severe than estimated by the phenotypic data: for mature fruits resulting from self-pollination precedence, the majority of the progeny were the result of outcross fertilization. • CONCLUSIONS Lineage-specific purging of recessive lethals has accompanied the evolution of SC in this species. SI populations show contrasting levels of embryonic inbreeding depression, with nearly complete embryonic lethality upon selfing in the Monteverde population. In the face of high embryonic inbreeding depression, an increase in selfing rate can evidently occur only under severe pollen limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L. Stone
- Department of Biology, Colby College, Waterville, Maine 04901 USA
| | - Emily E. Wilson
- Department of Biology, Colby College, Waterville, Maine 04901 USA
| | - Andrew S. Kwak
- Department of Biology, Colby College, Waterville, Maine 04901 USA
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Liao WJ, Hu Y, Zhu BR, Zhao XQ, Zeng YF, Zhang DY. Female reproductive success decreases with display size in monkshood, Aconitum kusnezoffii (Ranunculaceae). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2009; 104:1405-12. [PMID: 19767308 PMCID: PMC2778385 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reduction in female fitness in large clones can occur as a result of increased geitonogamous self-fertilization and its influence through inbreeding depression. This possibility was investigated in the self-compatible, bee-pollinated perennial herb Aconitum kusnezoffii which varies in clone size. METHODS Field investigations were conducted on pollinator behaviour, flowering phenology and variation in seed set. The effects of self-pollination following controlled self- and cross-pollination were also examined. Selfing rates of differently sized clones were assessed using allozyme markers. KEY RESULTS High rates of geitonogamous pollination were associated with large display size. Female fitness at the ramet level decreased with clone size. Fruit and seed set under cross-pollination were significantly higher than those under self-pollination. The pre-dispersal inbreeding depression was estimated as 0.502 based on the difference in seed set per flower between self- and cross-pollinated flowers. Selfing rates of differently sized clones did not differ. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that in A. kusnezoffii the negative effects of self-pollination causing reduced female fertility with clone size arise primarily from a strong early-acting inbreeding depression leading to the abortion of selfed embryos prior to seed maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Da-Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Shi XJ, Michaels HJ, Mitchell RJ. Effects of self-pollination and maternal resources on reproduction and offspring performance in the wild lupine, Lupinus perennis (Fabaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00497-005-0250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hayes CN, Winsor JA, Stephenson AG. MULTIGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF INBREEDING IN CUCURBITA PEPO SSP. TEXANA (CUCURBITACEAE). Evolution 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb00988.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hayes CN, Winsor JA, Stephenson AG. MULTIGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF INBREEDING IN CUCURBITA PEPO SSP. TEXANA (CUCURBITACEAE). Evolution 2005. [DOI: 10.1554/03-740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Good-Avila SV, Nagel T, Vogler DW, Stephenson AG. Effects of inbreeding on male function and self-fertility in the partially self-incompatible herb Campanula rapunculoides (Campanulaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2003; 90:1736-45. [PMID: 21653350 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.90.12.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of inbreeding on fitness (through both male and female functions) and changes in self-fertility in the partially self-incompatible species Campanula rapunculoides. Individuals in natural populations of C. rapunculoides varied extensively in their strength of self-incompatibility (SI). We crossed 11 individuals that differed in their strength of SI to generate families with four levels of inbreeding (f = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75). Progeny were scored for three traits related to male fitness and for outcrossed and selfed seed production. Analyses of variance revealed significant inbreeding depression for the three male traits and seed set. Families with strong or weak SI differed in their response to inbreeding. Families with weak SI had lower levels of inbreeding depression for most traits than families with strong SI, but strong SI families had a greater increase in selfed seed set, but not self-fertility, with inbreeding. Finally, we found evidence of a significant linear response to inbreeding for all three male reproductive traits and outcrossed seed, indicating that inbreeding depression was primarily caused by partially or fully recessive deleterious alleles. Variation in genetic load was associated with variation in self-fertility, a finding that suggests an evolutionary role for partial self-fertility in natural populations of C. rapunculoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara V Good-Avila
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
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Nuortila C, Tuomi J, Laine K. Inter-parent distance affects reproductive success in two clonal dwarf shrubs, Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Ericaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/b02-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Clonal propagation and limited dispersal of seeds lead to genetic population structures in which most potential mates are relatives. If the species suffers from inbreeding depression or is self-incompatible, the number of seeds matured per fruit may be limited by the lack of outcrossing by unrelated pollen. We tested for distance-related genetic structure by hand-pollinating plants at increasing distances and measuring fruit set (berries/pollinated flowers) and seed number per fruit in natural populations of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.). Bagging of the flower buds without natural (pollination by insects) or hand-pollination yielded almost no fruit or seed, suggesting that the species are obligately insect pollinated. Self-pollination led to a significant reduction in seed number per fruit and increased seed abortion compared with cross-pollination. Moreover, seed number increased with increasing distance between the pollen donor and pollen recipient. Flight distances of bumblebees were estimated for bilberry by monitoring between-flower and, for lingonberry, between-inflorescence flight distances. About 90% of all flights were at distances of less than 1 m. At this distance, we observed less than the maximum seed number per fruit in hand-pollinations in both study species. Consequently, clonal growth is likely to be an important factor that constrains fruit and seed number in these species.Key words: bumblebee forage distance, clonal, hand-pollination, inter-parent distance, reproductive success, Vaccinium.
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Vogler, Filmore, Stephenson. Inbreeding depression inCampanula rapunculoidesL. I. A comparison of inbreeding depression in plants derived from strong and weak self‐incompatibility phenotypes. J Evol Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.1999.00046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vogler
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Filmore
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Stephenson
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Takebayashi N, Morrell PL. Is self-fertilization an evolutionary dead end? Revisiting an old hypothesis with genetic theories and a macroevolutionary approach. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2001. [PMID: 11454614 DOI: 10.2307/3558325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
G. Ledyard Stebbins suggested that self-fertilization (selfing) may be an evolutionary dead end because it may result in the loss of genetic diversity and consequently preclude adaptation to changing environments. While the basic premise of selfing as a dead end is widely accepted, there have been few rigorous evaluations of the hypothesis. We examine the foundations of the dead-end hypothesis by considering theoretical advances in the study of mating-system evolution. We discuss theories predicting the irreversibility of self-fertilization and the extinction of selfing lineages through the loss of adaptive potential and genetic degradation. In the second portion of the review, focusing on the irreversibility of selfing, we summarize the contribution of phylogenetic studies of mating-system evolution to determine if evolutionary history supports this well-established hypothesis. Most studies are in accord with the hypothesis; no single study unequivocally demonstrates the transition from highly selfing to outcrossing lineages. Finally, we discuss the problems encountered when phylogenetic studies rely on reconstruction of ancestral mating systems. To avoid some of these problems, we applied likelihood ratio tests of irreversibility of mating-system evolution to several data sets and found that current data sets are probably too small for this test.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takebayashi
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-3700 USA
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Lipow SR, Wyatt R. Single gene control of postzygotic self-incompatibility in poke milkweed, Asclepias exaltata L. Genetics 2000; 154:893-907. [PMID: 10655239 PMCID: PMC1460952 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/154.2.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most individuals of Asclepias exaltata are self-sterile, but all plants lack prezygotic barriers to self-fertilization. To determine whether postzygotic rejection of self-fertilized ovules is due to late-acting self-incompatibility or to extreme, early acting inbreeding depression, we performed three diallel crosses among self-sterile plants related as full-sibs. The full-sibs segregated into four compatibility classes, suggesting that late acting self-incompatibility is controlled by a single gene (S-locus). Crosses between plants sharing one or both alleles at the S-locus are incompatible. An additional diallel cross was done among full-sib progeny from a cross of a self-sterile and a self-fertile plant. These progeny grouped into two compatibility classes, and plants within classes displayed varying levels of self-fertility. This suggests that the occasional self-fertility documented in natural pollinations is caused by pseudo-self-fertility alleles that alter the functioning of the S-locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Lipow
- Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
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25
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Schultz ST. Can females benefit from selfing avoidance? Genetic associations and the evolution of plant gender. Proc Biol Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1999.0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. T. Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA
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Barrett SCH, Cole WW, Arroyo J, Cruzan MB, Lloyd DG. Sexual polymorphisms in Narcissus triandrus (Amaryllidaceae): is this species tristylous? Heredity (Edinb) 1997. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1997.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Qu L, Hancock JF. Nature of 2n gamete formation and mode of inheritance in interspecific hybrids of diploid Vaccinium darrowi and tetraploid V. corymbosum. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1995; 91:1309-1315. [PMID: 24170063 DOI: 10.1007/bf00220946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/1995] [Accepted: 08/25/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RAPD markers were used to determine the level of heterozygosity transmitted via 2n gametes from V. darrowi selection Florida 4B (Fla 4B) to inter-specific hybrids with tetraploid V. corymbosum cv Bluecrop. The tetraploid hybrid US 75 was found to contain about 70% of Fla 4B's heterozygosity, a value attributed to a first-division restitution (FDR) mode of 2n gamete production. Crossovers during 2n gamete formation were evidenced by the absence of 16 dominant alleles of Fla 4B in US 75, and direct tests of segregation in a diploid population involving Fla 4B. RAPD markers that were present in both Fla 4B and US 75 were used to determine the mode of inheritance in a segregating population of US 75xV. corymbosum cv Bluetta. Thirty-one duplex loci were identified which segregated in a 5∶1 ratio, indicating that US 75 undergoes tetrasomic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qu
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Carr DE, Dudash MR. Inbreeding depression under a competitive regime in Mimulus guttatus: consequences for potential male and female function. Heredity (Edinb) 1995. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1995.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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MILLIGAN BG, LEEBENS-MACK J, STRAND AE. Conservation genetics: beyond the maintenance of marker diversity. Mol Ecol 1994. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.1994.tb00082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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