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Fernandes HM, Costa H, Esteves P, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Fonseca T. Direct and Indirect Effects of Youth Sports Participation on Emotional Intelligence, Self-Esteem, and Life Satisfaction. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:155. [PMID: 38921849 PMCID: PMC11209309 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and self-esteem between youth sports participation and life satisfaction, as well as the comparative effects of different types of sports involvement (team, individual, and non-participation) on these selected variables. A sample of 1053 Portuguese adolescents (612 girls and 441 boys), aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.40; SD = 1.55), completed the following self-report measures: the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The structural equation modeling results indicated a complete mediating role of two emotional intelligence dimensions (use of emotion and self-emotional appraisal) and self-esteem in the relationship between sports participation and adolescents' life satisfaction. Team sport participants reported higher emotional intelligence and self-esteem scores than their non-sport participant counterparts who revealed lower levels of emotion use than their individual sport participant peers. These findings provide novel insights into the potential emotional and psychological mechanisms underlying the association between youth sports participation and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Miguel Fernandes
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (H.C.); (P.E.); (T.F.)
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & INnovation CenTer (SPRINT), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Henrique Costa
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (H.C.); (P.E.); (T.F.)
| | - Pedro Esteves
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (H.C.); (P.E.); (T.F.)
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & INnovation CenTer (SPRINT), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Centre of Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF-UC), University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Fonseca
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (H.C.); (P.E.); (T.F.)
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & INnovation CenTer (SPRINT), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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Pan Z, Cutumisu M. Using machine learning to predict UK and Japanese secondary students' life satisfaction in PISA 2018. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 94:474-498. [PMID: 38129097 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life satisfaction is a key component of students' subjective well-being due to its impact on academic achievement and lifelong health. Although previous studies have investigated life satisfaction through different lenses, few of them employed machine learning (ML) approaches. OBJECTIVE Using ML algorithms, the current study predicts secondary students' life satisfaction from individual-level variables. METHOD Two supervised ML models, random forest (RF) and k-nearest neighbours (KNN), were developed based on the UK data and the Japan data in PISA 2018. RESULTS Findings show that (1) both models yielded better performance on the UK data than on the Japanese data; (2) the RF model outperformed the KNN model in predicting students' life satisfaction; (3) meaning in life, student competition, teacher support, exposure to bullying and ICT resources at home and at school played important roles in predicting students' life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Theoretically, this study highlights the multi-dimensional nature of life satisfaction and identifies several key predictors. Methodologically, this study is the first to use ML to explore the predictors of life satisfaction. Practically, it serves as a reference for improving secondary students' life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexuan Pan
- Marsal Family School of Education and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria Cutumisu
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Oliveira ÍM, Marques C. The Role of Career Adaptability and Academic Engagement in College Student's Life Satisfaction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:596. [PMID: 38791810 PMCID: PMC11121571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Career adaptability and academic engagement are important processes in higher education. However, the relationship between these processes and their potential role in students' life satisfaction still needs to be addressed. The present study aims to explore the role of career adaptability and academic engagement on higher education students' life satisfaction. This study included 201 participants, 156 women (77.6%) and 45 men (22.4%), aged between 18 and 55 years (M = 21.13, SD = 4.51). Students answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, the University Student Engagement Inventory, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Positive and statistically significant correlations between career adaptability and academic engagement, as well as between these variables and life satisfaction, were found. The results of a hierarchical linear regression analysis suggested that career adaptability and academic engagement statistically significantly contribute to explaining variations in life satisfaction. This study may lead to a better understanding of the relationship between academic, emotional, and career processes. It may also stimulate integrative psychological practices in higher education settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íris M. Oliveira
- Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4710-362 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cátia Marques
- Research Unit in Education and Community Intervention, Instituto Piaget—ISEIT/Viseu, 3515-776 Viseu, Portugal;
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Johnson NJ, Smith RJ, Kil H. Not all mindfulness is equal: certain facets of mindfulness have important implications for well-being and mental health across the lifespan. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1347487. [PMID: 38686088 PMCID: PMC11057496 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The connections between the five facets of mindfulness, well-being, and mental health across the lifespan have traditionally been investigated using variable-centered approaches. Less research has investigated these relationships from a person-centered, profile-based approach. In this work, we aimed to identify the profiles of mindfulness in a Canadian lifespan sample (14 to 90 years of age) and investigate how these profiles compared on age, well-being, and mental health. An age- and gender-balanced sample of 1,600 participants completed a questionnaire that measured the five facets of mindfulness; life satisfaction; existential well-being; and anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. A latent profile analysis was conducted. Five profiles based on the five-facet model of mindfulness were identified: high mindfulness, moderate mindfulness, low mindfulness, nonjudgmentally aware, and judgmentally observing. The 3-step approach to profile comparisons was used to assess age, mental health, and well-being differences across the profiles. Those in the high mindfulness and nonjudgmentally aware profiles were generally older, while the judgmentally observing profile contained younger individuals. Those in the high mindfulness and nonjudgmentally aware profiles reported the greatest mental health and well-being. Conversely, those in the low mindfulness and judgmentally observing profiles had worse mental health than the other profiles. The moderate mindfulness profile was situated between these profile groups on age, mental health, and well-being outcomes. This pattern of results has implications for mindfulness-based intervention research and practice to better account for heterogeneity in mindfulness and better support well-being across the lifespan.
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Wu J, Long D, Hafez N, Maloney J, Lim Y, Samji H. Development and validation of a youth climate anxiety scale for the Youth Development Instrument survey. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:1473-1483. [PMID: 37605318 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Emerging terms in the literature such as climate anxiety describe heightened concern, fear, and anxiety related to the climate crisis. Recent efforts have attempted to develop and validate scales to measure climate anxiety; however, extant research is largely focused on adults. Consequently, it is unclear whether developed measures are appropriate for adolescent populations, despite disproportionate impacts of the climate crisis experienced by this age group. The purpose of this study was two-fold; first, we aimed to assess levels of climate concern among Canadian adolescents using the Youth Development Instrument (YDI), a population-level youth well-being survey administered in schools with students (ages 15-18). Secondly, we collaborated with adolescents to adapt an existing climate anxiety scale to be included in the YDI survey. We used survey results to validate the adapted scale for use with adolescents and assessed levels of climate anxiety within our sample. In consultation with adolescents, the 13-item Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) was adapted to create the Climate Change Anxiety Scale - Short-form (CCAS-S) which consists of four-items adapted from the original CCAS. A total of 2306 respondents were included in analyses. Most adolescents reported feeling climate change concern (75.8%). A smaller proportion reported experiences of climate anxiety (48.7%). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure for the CCAS-S, with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95) and good model fit with error co-variance. Findings from this study provide construct validity evidence and reliability for the use of the CCAS-S in adolescent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Long
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nada Hafez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Maloney
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yan Lim
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hasina Samji
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control (BCCDC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Fombouchet Y, Lannegrand L, Lucenet J. The Contextualized Emotion Regulation Survey for Adolescents (CERSA): How does emotion regulation vary according to context? BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 41:306-323. [PMID: 37046410 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent models of emotion regulation (ER) highlight the need to construct tools that assess ER in different contexts. This paper describes the development and validation of the Contextualized Emotion Regulation Survey for Adolescents (CERSA). This questionnaire assesses ER strategies and abilities in three situations that elicit specific emotions (i.e. sadness, fear and anger). Data were collected from a sample of 840 adolescents who completed the CERSA (M age = 14.75; SD age = 1.61) and another of 314 adolescents who completed the CERSA, the CERQ and the SLWS (M age = 13.63; SD age = 0.85). Results confirmed the expected structure in all situations as well as construct and external validity. Furthermore, correlations between latent factors and gender differences in ER strategies and abilities were often situation dependant. Mean levels of ER strategies and abilities varied according to the situation. These results provide empirical support for ER flexibility and polyregulation in adolescence.
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Oliveira J, Frontini R, Jacinto M, Antunes R. The Practice of Physical Exercise and Sports in Portuguese Trans Youth: A Case Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:668. [PMID: 36900673 PMCID: PMC10001314 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The following case study aims to analyze the experience of a Portuguese trans individual regarding their practice of physical exercise (PE) and sports in Portuguese gyms and sports clubs. A 30-min interview was conducted through the Zoom platform. Before the interview, four questionnaires-Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index-were also applied, all in their Portuguese version. The interview was digitally video recorded after consent was obtained, transcribed verbatim, and subject to thematic analysis. Findings suggest positive values for satisfaction with life and quality of life. The values of positive affect were higher than those of negative affect, and there was an absence of depressive and anxious symptomatology. In the qualitative analysis, mental health was the main motive for the practice, while locker rooms separated by gender and university life were the main barriers mentioned. Mixed changing rooms were identified as facilitators of PE practice. This study highlights the importance of developing strategies for the creation of mixed changing rooms and sports teams in order to promote a comfortable and safe practice for all individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Frontini
- CIEQV-Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Jacinto
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
- CIEQV-Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raul Antunes
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
- CIEQV-Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411 Leiria, Portugal
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Lamela D, Figueiredo B. Determinants of personal growth and life satisfaction in divorced adults. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:213-224. [PMID: 35912565 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Divorce is a major life event that can trigger sudden changes in how adults perceive themselves and operate in their social environments. Some previous evidence has documented changes in personality in reaction to marital dissolution. However, little is known about the determinants of personality development in the post-divorce period. Guided by the positive personality development model in adulthood, this study examined sociodemographic characteristics, divorce-related variables and personality-related indicators as determinants of life satisfaction and personal growth in divorced adults. Participants included 460 divorced adults who completed self-reported measures regarding sociodemographic characteristics, divorce-related variables and personality development indicators. Results showed that autonomy, environmental mastery, self-acceptance, emotional self-regulation indicators and motivation for personality adjustment goals were associated with post-divorce life satisfaction. Personal growth was associated with purpose in life, self-expansion, psychological mindedness and motivation for personality growth goals. The sociodemographic characteristics and divorce-related variables differently predicted life satisfaction and personal growth. We discussed the implications of the positive personality development model in understanding post-divorce personality adjustment and maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Lamela
- HEI-Lab-Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lusófona University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Figueiredo
- CIPsi-Centro Investigação em Psicologia, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Examining the Prospective Bidirectional Associations between Subjective and Objective Attractiveness and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms and Life Satisfaction. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:370-392. [PMID: 36370229 PMCID: PMC9842564 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Research has consistently shown that more physically attractive individuals are perceived by others to be happier and better psychologically adjusted than those perceived as less attractive. However, due to the lack of longitudinal research in adolescents, it is still unclear whether poor mental health predicts or is predicted by either objective or subjective attractiveness during this critical developmental period. The purpose of the current study was to examine prospective bidirectional associations between both subjective and objective ratings of attractiveness, life satisfaction and symptoms of social anxiety, depression and eating disorders (i.e., internalizing symptoms) from early to mid-adolescence. Participants (T1: N = 528, 49.9% girls; Mage = 11.19; SD = 0.55) were followed annually over four time points. The cross-lagged panel model results revealed evidence of prospective associations between both forms of attractiveness and life satisfaction and internalizing symptoms, which were driven more by changes in the mental health outcomes than by changes in the subjective and objective attractiveness ratings. The results also indicated that the pattern, strength, and direction of the associations tested were robust across boys and girls, and white and non-white ethnic groups. Overall, the findings suggest that it is important to find effective ways of educating adolescents who are unhappy with their appearance that making changes to improve their mental health, rather than focusing on their physical appearance, will have benefits not only for how they perceive themselves but also for how they are perceived by others.
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Antunes R, Monteiro D, Silva C, Filipe D, Cordeiro F, Frontini R. Motivation and anxiety during the second COVID-19 lockdown in gym exercisers: The mediating role of affects and satisfaction with life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 36468169 PMCID: PMC9684858 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the association between motivation (self-determined and non-self-determined motivation), positive and negative affect, life satisfaction and state-anxiety in a sample of gym exercisers, during the 2nd COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal. Also, we aimed to analyze the possible mediating role of positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between motivation and levels of state-anxiety. A total of 201 gym participants (30.42 ± 11.22) were enrolled in the present study, of which 116 (57.7%) were women and 85 (42.3%) were men. The survey included sociodemographic data as well as the subsequently validated instruments: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results revealed a positive association between state-anxiety and negative affect (r = .69), controlled motivation (r = .33), and autonomous motivation (r = .25). Still, state-anxiety was negatively associated with positive affect (r = -.40) and with satisfaction with life (r = -.43),. In addition, the results of mediation analysis, revealed inconsistent mediation of positive affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between autonomous motivation and state-anxiety. However, a total mediation was observed through negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between controlled motivation and anxiety since the indirect effect (β = .27) is higher than the direct effect (β = .06). Overall, the results reinforce that positive affect and satisfaction with life could act as a possible buffer against state-anxiety in gym exercisers and, thus, should be considered in future interventions and studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Antunes
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Monteiro
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - C. Silva
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Filipe
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - F. Cordeiro
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - R. Frontini
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
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Oliveira L, Teixeira A, Duarte I. The Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale-Revised (ASAS-R): Reliability and Validity among Portuguese Medical Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710848. [PMID: 36078563 PMCID: PMC9518396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-care agency plays an important role in an individual's health. Considering the particularities of their education, it can be a protective factor for the mental health of medical students. This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale-Revised (ASAS-R) in Portuguese medical students. A cross-sectional, quantitative, and analytical online study was conducted between 23 April 2021, and 15 July 2021. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to test the internal structure of the ASAS-R. Correlations with the SHS (Subjective Happiness Scale), SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale), and MHI (Mental Health Inventory) were calculated using Pearson's coefficient so as to test convergent validity. Internal consistency was evaluated using inter-item correlation, corrected item-total correlation, and Cronbach's alpha. The total sample included 781 individuals. EFA yielded a 3-factor solution accounting for 53.9% of the explained variance. Pearson's coefficients obtained between the 3 factors of ASAS-R and the total scores of the 3 construct-related scales demonstrated adequate convergent validity. Total Cronbach's alpha value was 0.85, while the Cronbach's alpha of the three factors was 0.81, 0.55, and 0.83, respectively. This study demonstrated that ASAS-R is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring self-care agency among Portuguese medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Oliveira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Teixeira
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health (MEDCIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- ADiT-LAB, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Ivone Duarte
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health (MEDCIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Understanding the Associations across Fibromyalgia-Related Fatigue, Depression, Anxiety, Self-Esteem Satisfaction with Life and Physical Activity in Portuguese and Brazilian Patients: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58081097. [PMID: 36013564 PMCID: PMC9414775 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fibromyalgia are heterogeneous and differ from patient to patient; however, the most reported are general myalgia and at specific points associated with fatigue and certain psychological adversities. Physical activity can mitigate the effects of the symptoms. However, the associations between fibromyalgia-related fatigue, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, satisfaction with life and physical activity are unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to understand the associations between these symptoms and whether there are differences between these associations across two distinct cultures. Materials and Methods: A total of 473 women aged between 28 and 75 years (M = 49.27; SD ± 8.28) completed five questionnaires about fibromyalgia-related fatigue, physical activity, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. Results: Fibromyalgia-related fatigue was positively associated with depression and anxiety, depression and anxiety were negatively associated with self-esteem, self-esteem was positively associated with satisfaction with life, satisfaction with life was positively associated with physical activity and there were no differences in terms of the perceptions and associations of these variables between Portuguese and Brazilian patients. Conclusions: Our results showed the significant role of associations between these variables and a similarity in the perception and relationship of the variables between the two cultures.
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Batista J, Marinai JC, Gouveia M, Oliveira JT, Gonçalves MM. Write and Let Go: An Online Writing Program for University Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:874600. [PMID: 35874340 PMCID: PMC9301038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.874600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are a plethora of studies on expressive writing and positive writing interventions, but few have addressed the combination of both paradigms. Additionally, research on the role of ambivalence toward change in the context of writing-based interventions is lacking. Ambivalence toward change is a natural movement of approaching and avoiding change that may occur in various situations. In psychotherapy, its resolution is associated with successful outcomes. Aim This study tested the efficacy of a combination of expressive and positive writing paradigms in an internet-based intervention to improve university students' mental health. Additionally, focusing participants on a current, unresolved problem allowed us to explore the possible role of ambivalence toward change as a mediator of the intervention's results. Methods We recruited 172 participants who were randomly divided into experimental (n = 85) and control (n = 87) groups. The intervention consisted of the identification of a current problem and four writing tasks on consecutive days. Assessment was conducted at baseline and posttest in both groups and at follow-up in the experimental group. Participants in the experimental condition were also assessed after each task. Measures of anxiety, depression, rumination, ambivalence toward change, distress, and wellbeing (optimism, affect, and satisfaction with life) were collected. Results Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that participants in the experimental group had a significant decrease from baseline to posttest in ambivalence toward change and rumination when compared with the control group. These results were maintained at follow-up. No differences were found in the remaining measures. Within the experimental group, ambivalence toward change, rumination, and distress significantly decreased throughout the intervention and the exploratory mediation analysis indicated that ambivalence toward change partially mediated the improvements in rumination and distress. Discussion Considering different perspectives about a current problem and using a combination of expressive and positive writing fostered the reduction of ambivalence toward change and rumination. Ambivalence toward change reduction after the second writing task may have created optimal conditions for the subsequent decrease in rumination and distress. Future studies should replicate this finding and dismantle the components that are more adequate in changing these variables.
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Acceptance and commitment therapy interventions in secondary schools and their impact on students' mental health and well-being: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tokyo 2020: A Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Characterization of the Portuguese Paralympic Team. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071185. [PMID: 35885712 PMCID: PMC9316738 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of practicing sports and its impact on the quality of life of people with disabilities is fundamental. Characterizing subjective well-being, resilience, and social influence in the practice of adapted sports, namely in those who participate in elite sport in Portugal, is truly important to support a set of initiatives to promote higher levels of practice. Thus, this study describes the Portuguese delegation at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games through sociodemographic and psychosocial (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, resilience, and social support) variables. The study involved 31 of the 33 athletes of the Portuguese Paralympic team aged between 15 and 58 years (34.45 ± 11.7 years), with 21 men and 10 women. Individual-level sociodemographic data gave us a clear insight into the reality of adapted sport in Portugal. The high values of life satisfaction, high positive affect and low negative affect, as well as high levels of resilience and social support seem to be important variables for these athletes. The data from the present study highlighted the importance of understanding the characteristics of Paralympic athletes, in order to better understand the reality of Paralympic sport in Portugal.
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16
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Frontini R, Monteiro D, Rodrigues F, Matos R, Antunes R. Adapting the Short Grit Scale with Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling for Portuguese College Students. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1428-1442. [PMID: 35658701 PMCID: PMC9483702 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) is a self- and informant-report version of the longer Grit Scale, and it retains the 2-factor structure of the original scale. Our purpose in this research was to measure trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals by translating and validating the Grit-S for Portuguese respondents. Our participants were 572 college students (135 female, 437 male; age range 18-30 years, M age = 21.47, SD = 2.29 years) from twelve Portuguese universities. Our data confirmed the scale's two-factor structure ("consistency of interests" and "perseverance of effort") and demonstrated appropriate adjustment values (CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.981, SRMR = 0.017, RMSEA = 0.001, CI90%= 0.000-0.041). We found the adapted scale to be invariant for sex. Use of the scale confirmed an association between grit and well-being. These results imply that other investigators and practitioners interested in this scale may now apply it with Portuguese young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Frontini
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rui Matos
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Raúl Antunes
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
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17
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The effect of perceived discrimination on cross-cultural adaptation of international students: moderating roles of autonomous orientation and integration strategy. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study explores the associations between perceived discrimination and cross-cultural adaptation among 335 international students in China. Drawing on self-determination theory, we propose that autonomous orientation can weaken the relationship between perceived discrimination and cross-cultural adaptation. Integration strategy can be seen as a mechanism that encourages international students to embrace both their original and host culture when they feel be discriminated. Results indicate that perceived discrimination is negatively associated with sociocultural adaptation and psychological adaptation among international students in China. Our research identifies autonomous orientation as an important contingency that weakens the effects of perceived discrimination on cross-cultural adaptation, confirming the moderating role of integration strategy in the relationship between perceived discrimination and sociocultural adaptation. Integration strategy mediates the moderating effects of autonomous orientation on the relationship between perceived discrimination and sociocultural adaption. The findings provide valuable insight into the positive impact of autonomous orientation and integration strategy on the cross-cultural adaptation of international students when they feel be discriminated, which is beneficial to the education and management of international students at the theoretical and practical levels.
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18
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Wang BB, Patel KF, Wolfe AE, Wiechman S, McMullen K, Gibran NS, Kowalske K, Meyer WJ, Kazis LE, Ryan CM, Schneider JC. Adolescents with and without head and neck burns: comparison of long-term outcomes in the burn model system national database. Burns 2022; 48:40-50. [PMID: 33975762 PMCID: PMC8526620 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Facial burns account for persistent differences in psychosocial functioning in adult burn survivors. Although adolescent burn survivors experience myriad chronic sequelae, little is known about the effect of facial injuries. This study examines differences in long-term outcomes with and without head and neck involvement. METHODS Data collected for 392 burn survivors between 14-17.9 years of age from the Burn Model System National Database (2006-2015) were analyzed. Comparisons were made between two groups based on presence of a head and neck burn (H&N) using the following patient reported outcome measures: Satisfaction with Appearance Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Community Integration Questionnaire, and Short Form-12 Health Survey at 6, 12, and 24 months after injury. Regression analyses were used to assess association between outcome measures and H&N group at 12-months. RESULTS The H&N group had more extensive burns, had longer hospital stays, were more likely to be burned by fire/flame and were more likely to be Hispanic compared to the non-H&N group. Regression analysis found that H&N burn status was associated with worse SWAP scores. No significant associations were found between H&N burn status and other outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with H&N burn status showed significantly worse satisfaction with appearance at 12-months after injury. Future research should examine interventions to help improve body image and coping for adolescent burn survivors with head and neck burns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khushbu F. Patel
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – Boston, Boston, MA United States,Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Audrey E. Wolfe
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Shelley Wiechman
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kara McMullen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nicole S. Gibran
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Harborview, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Karen Kowalske
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Walter J. Meyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lewis E. Kazis
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Colleen M. Ryan
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – Boston, Boston, MA United States,Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Schneider
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States,Corresponding author. (J.C. Schneider)
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19
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Jovanović V, Rudnev M, Arslan G, Buzea C, Dimitrova R, Góngora V, Guse T, Ho RTH, Iqbal N, Jámbori S, Jhang FH, Kaniušonytė G, Li J, Lim YJ, Lodi E, Mannerström R, Marcionetti J, Neto F, Osin E, Park J, Fonseca-Pedrero E, Piotrowski J, Proctor C, Rahmandani A, Salmela-Aro K, Ortuño-Sierra J, Stefenel D, Sugimura K, Tan SA, Wang S, Yip PSF, Żemojtel-Piotrowska M, Žukauskienė R. The Satisfaction with Life Scale in Adolescent Samples: Measurement Invariance across 24 Countries and Regions, Age, and Gender. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:2139-2161. [PMID: 35096193 PMCID: PMC8784202 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-021-10024-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Measurement of adolescent life satisfaction across cultures has not received much attention in previous empirical research. The present study evaluated measurement invariance of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) among adolescents in 24 countries and regions (N = 22,710; age range = 13-19 years; 53% female). A single-factor model with residual covariance between a pair of items tapping past life satisfaction fitted well in 19 countries and regions and showed a partial metric invariance. In a subset of nine countries and regions, partial scalar invariance was supported. Partial metric invariance across all 24 countries and regions was achieved when custom model modifications in five countries and regions were included. Three SWLS items showed evidence of noninvariance across cultures. The measurement model was found to operate similarly across gender and age. Our findings suggest that caution is needed when using the SWLS for measuring life satisfaction among adolescents from different cultures. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11482-021-10024-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Gökmen Arslan
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Carmen Buzea
- Department of Social Sciences and Communication, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brașov, Romania
| | | | - Vanesa Góngora
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Psychology, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tharina Guse
- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rainbow T. H. Ho
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre On Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Naved Iqbal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Szilvia Jámbori
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fang-Hua Jhang
- Department of Law and Social Work, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Goda Kaniušonytė
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jingguang Li
- College of Teacher Education, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Young-Jin Lim
- Department of Psychology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ernesto Lodi
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Jenny Marcionetti
- Department of Education and Learning, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Felix Neto
- Department of Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Evgeny Osin
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory LINP-2, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Joonha Park
- Department of Management, NUCB Business School, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Jarosław Piotrowski
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carmel Proctor
- Positive Psychology Research Centre, St Saviour, Guernsey
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazumi Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Soon Aun Tan
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Paul S. F. Yip
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Rita Žukauskienė
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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20
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Does the psychological variables predict life satisfaction and purpose in life in brazilian elderly? PAJAR - PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGING RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.15448/2357-9641.2021.1.40223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: the present study aimed to investigate the association between indicatives of stress, anxiety and depression with life satisfaction and purpose in life among Brazilian older adults.Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted with 654 Brazilian older adults who responded the Life Satisfaction Scale, Purpose in Life Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Geriatric Anxiety Inventory and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Data were analyzed through independent t-test, Cohen’s D, Pearson Correlations and Multivariate Regression Analysis (p<0.05).Results: results indicated slightly higher levels of stress and anxiety for women when compared to men (p<0.05); indicatives of stress, anxiety and depression were inversely correlated to life satisfaction and purpose (r = -0.19 to -0.44; p<0.05); stress (β=-0.29) and depression (β=-0.36) were significant predictors of life satisfaction (R2=0.31; p<0.01), and life purpose (R2=0.18; p<0.01) was predicted by stress (β=-0.15), anxiety (β=0.10) and depression (β=-0.39).Conclusion: It can be concluded that stress and depression are significant factors hindering older adults’ satisfaction and purpose in life.
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21
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The Impact of Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions on Satisfaction with Life and the Mediating Role of Loneliness. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13169293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Loneliness and cognitive distortions have serious negative effects on life satisfaction and are seen as related to each other. However, what mediates in these relationships has not been adequately analyzed. This study aims to analyze the effect between cognitive distortions and life satisfaction by asserting the mediating role of loneliness. For this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional study with 978 people over the age of 20 from various parts of Turkey using a general screening model. Firstly, we analyzed the direct effect of interpersonal rejection, interpersonal misperception, and unrealistic relationship expectation, which are sub-dimensions of cognitive distortions, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Secondly, we analyzed the effects of independent, mediation, and interaction (Loneliness X age) variables on satisfaction with life. Thirdly, we applied direct regression analysis between independent, mediating, and dependent variables to conduct the mediation analysis of the study. Also, we examined age as a moderator between loneliness and life satisfaction. The results showed loneliness as an essential determinant between cognitive distortions and life satisfaction. Moreover, in the moderation analysis, we found some age-related differences between loneliness and life satisfaction. According to this, both loneliness and life satisfaction increased with increasing age. However, life satisfaction decreased as loneliness increased in young people. Being able to compensate for loneliness in the aging process is an essential psychological indicator. Although young people have more opportunities than older people, their ability to cope with negative situations such as loneliness is largely undeveloped. These results showed both psychological and sociological problems of loneliness. Therefore, the results can be useful for the prevention of loneliness and the development of intervention programs.
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22
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The dualistic model of passion in adapted sport: a double-serial mediation analysis on satisfaction with life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Costa H, Saavedra F, Fernandes HM. Emotional intelligence and well-being: Associations and sex- and age-effects during adolescence. Work 2021; 69:275-282. [PMID: 33998587 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested that trait and ability-based measures of emotional intelligence (EI) contribute to the promotion of well-being in adults. However, this relationship has not been sufficiently explored among adolescents. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to: i) investigate the associations between EI dimensions and well-being indicators (self-esteem, life satisfaction and social anxiety) in adolescents; and ii) analyze the effect of sex and age on dimensions of EI. METHODS The sample consisted of 1066 adolescents (57.9%girls and 42.1%boys), aged between 11 and 18 years (M = 14.36; SD = 1.58). Participants completed sociodemographic and validated psychosocial measures. RESULTS Correlation analysis indicated that EI dimensions (self-emotion appraisal, use of emotions and regulation of emotions) were positively and moderately correlated with self-esteem and life satisfaction, whereas associations between EI and social anxiety dimensions were small and negative. Boys reported higher levels of self-emotion appraisal, use of emotions and regulation of emotions, whereas girls showed higher levels of other-emotions appraisal. Age was negatively associated with the use of the emotions dimension and positively correlated with the emotional appraisal of others, although both correlation coefficients were small. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings suggest the need and importance of implementing emotional education practices during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Saavedra
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.,Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD-UTAD, Portugal
| | - Helder Miguel Fernandes
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD-UTAD, Portugal.,Research in Education and Community Intervention, RECI- Instituto Piaget, Portugal
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24
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Almeida D, Monteiro D, Rodrigues F. Satisfaction with Life: Mediating Role in the Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Coping Mechanisms. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9070787. [PMID: 34201430 PMCID: PMC8307570 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9070787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between fourteen coping strategies and depressive symptoms in the Portuguese population. To undertake this work, 313 Portuguese adults aged 18 to 70 years (M = 30.73; SD = 10.79) were invited to participate in this study. Their participation was completely voluntary, and participants granted and signed informed consent previously to the filling of the validated Portuguese questionnaires. These questionnaires measured depressive symptoms, coping, and life satisfaction. The results revealed that life satisfaction displayed a mediating role in the relationship between adaptive coping mechanisms, specifically between active coping, planning, reinterpretation, and acceptance and depressive symptoms, showing a negative and significant indirect effect. Maladaptive coping mechanisms of self-blame, denial, self-distraction, disengagement, and substance use had a significant positive association with depressive symptoms, considering the mediating role of satisfaction with life. Current investigation provides initial evidence of how each coping mechanism is associated with satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms. This study clearly demonstrates that not all coping strategies are capable of influencing well-being indicators and that health professionals should focus on endorsing those that are significantly associated with lowering depressive symptoms and increasing overall satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Almeida
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnique Institute of Santarém (ESDRM-IPSantarém), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal;
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal;
- Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnique Institute of Santarém (ESDRM-IPSantarém), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal;
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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25
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Hoang MT, Do HN, Dang TQ, Do HT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen LH, Nguyen CT, Doan LP, Vu GT, Ngo TV, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH. Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of Youth Quality of Life Instrument-Short Form (YQOL-SF) in a developing South-East Asian country. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253075. [PMID: 34161385 PMCID: PMC8221489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the measurement properties of Youth Quality of Life-Short Form (YQOL-SF) in assessing the quality of life (QOL) among general youths in Vietnam. An online cross-sectional study was conducted to validate the YQOL-SF. Factor analysis (including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was utilized to determine the factorial structure of this tool. The psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of the new factorial model were assessed. The factor analysis revealed the two-factor model of YQOL-SF including factor 1 "Belief in self and family", and factor 2 "Environment and relationships". Cronbach's alpha value showed excellent internal consistency in both factors (0.911 and 0.910, respectively). Results also indicated good convergent, divergent, concurrent, and know-group validity of the two-factor model. Our study provided a promising model with different domains that were proved to be essential for the assessment of quality of life among Vietnamese youth aged 16-24. Our two-factor model affirmed that a balance between detail and length of the assessment is important to consider when selecting YQOL-SF for youths' QOL assessment. It helped reduce the risk of redundancy and encourages high survey completion rates among participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men Thi Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Ha Ngoc Do
- Youth Research Institute, Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang Quynh Dang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Hoa Thi Do
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | - Cuong Tat Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Linh Phuong Doan
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Toan Van Ngo
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roger C. M. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Garcia D, Nima AA, Kazemitabar M, Amato C, Lucchese F, Mihailovic M, Kijima N. Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the satisfaction with life scale in a sample of individuals with mental illness. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11432. [PMID: 34026367 PMCID: PMC8123228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health assessment among individuals with mental health problems often involves measures of ill-being (e.g., anxiety, depression). Health is, however, defined as a state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1948, 2001). Hence, in order to address mental illness during the 21st century, we need to develop methods for the prevention, identification and treatment of mental illness; but also, for the promotion, identification, and maintenance of well-being. In this context, over three decades of subjective well-being research have resulted in the development of measures of positive aspects of human life, such as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985). Our aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Swedish population of individuals with mental illness using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). METHOD A total of 264 participants (age mean = 43.46, SD = 13.31) diagnosed with different types of mental illness answered to the Swedish version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (five items, 7-point scale: 1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). RESULTS We found positive and significant relationships between the five items of the scale (r ranging from 0.37 to 0.75), good reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86), and that the one-factor solution had best goodness of fit (loadings between 0.52-0.88, p < 0.001). Additionally, there were no significant differences in comparative fit indexes regarding gender and occupation status. All items had high discrimination values (between 1.95-3.81), but item 5 ("If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing"); which had a moderate discrimination value (1.17) and the highest estimated difficulty on response 7 (3.06). Moreover, item 2 ("The conditions of my life are excellent") had less discrimination and redundant difficulty with both item 1 ("In most ways my life is close to my ideal"; 2.03) on response 7 and with item 3 ("I am satisfied with my life"; -1.21) on response 1. The five items together provided good information, with especial good reliability and small standard error within -1.00 up to about 2.00 and the highest amount of test information at 0.00 of the level of life satisfaction within this population. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous research, the scale had good reliability and provided good information across most of the latent trait range. In addition, within this population, sociodemographic factors such as gender and occupation status do not influence how individuals respond to the items in the scale. However, the items couldn't measure extreme levels of low/high life satisfaction. We suggest replication of these findings, the test of additional items, and the modification of items 2 and 5 in order to use the scale among individuals with mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Garcia
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Sweden
- Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Ali Al Nima
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Sweden
- Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Maryam Kazemitabar
- Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Iran
| | - Clara Amato
- Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Italy
| | - Franco Lucchese
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Italy
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marko Mihailovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, United States
| | - Nobuhiko Kijima
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Japan
- Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Measuring adolescents’ perceived parental academic pressure: A scale development study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01347-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dost-Gözkan A. The Gratification of Psychological Needs and Well-Being Among Turkish Adolescents: An Examination of Direct and Indirect Links. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:52-70. [PMID: 33006427 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on the self-determination theory (SDT), the present study tested a mediational model in a cross-sectional data and found that gratification of basic psychological needs (GBPN; autonomy, relatedness, and competence) in adolescents' relationships with their mother and father is linked with wellness (life satisfaction, problem-solving confidence, and anxiety), through family cohesion, and disclosure and secrecy from mother. Adolescents (N = 1,097; 61.6% girls, Mage = 15.12, SD = 0.64; range = 14-16 years) were from nine public schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Findings showed that GBPN in the relationship with each parent has unique contribution to family cohesion, adolescent disclosure and secrecy from parents, and wellness. Findings also supported SDT's claim that GBPN is conducive to well-being cross-culturally.
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Zhang J, Zhou H, Geng F, Song X, Hu Y. Internet Gaming Disorder Increases Mind-Wandering in Young Adults. Front Psychol 2021; 11:619072. [PMID: 33584453 PMCID: PMC7876259 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.619072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As a primary symptom defining Internet gaming disorder (IGD), preoccupation indicates a mind state in which gamers think about a gaming activity so much that other things appear less important and/or interesting to them. Previous studies have examined the negative impacts of IGD on both cognitive and affective functions, yet no study has investigated the influence of IGD on daily mind state changes that interfere with ongoing tasks. The current study hypothesized that more IGD symptoms lead to a higher frequency of mind state shift in terms of mind-wandering. As social anxiety is related to both IGD and mind-wandering, we further hypothesized that social anxiety would partially contribute to the relationship. Survey data were collected from 632 young adults who were divided into two groups based on whether they reported playing games or not. In the player group, the number of IGD symptoms present was positively related to mind-wandering (r = 0.269, p < 0.001) and social anxiety (r = 0.235, p < 0.001), with the latter two showing a positive correlation in both players (r = 0.37, p < 0.001) and non-players (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). A mediation analysis for the players showed a partial mediation effect of social anxiety on the relationship between IGD and mind-wandering (mediation effect: PM = 0.292, p < 0.001), and the model was replicated in an independent sample. This study suggests that excessive gaming behavior may increase mind-wandering and a shift towards such a non-productive mind state could exert long-term detrimental effects in adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengji Geng
- College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, China
| | - Xiaolan Song
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yuzheng Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hofer J, Chasiotis A, Campos D. Congruence between social values and implicit motives: effects on life satisfaction across three cultures. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between implicit motives for intimacy‐affiliation and power, explicit value orientations, and life satisfaction. The Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Schwartz Value Survey, and a bias‐free TAT‐type picture‐story‐test were administered to 319 adult participants in Cameroon, Costa Rica, and Germany. The stories were coded for motive imagery reflecting needs for intimacy‐affiliation and power. Based on motives associated with the domain intimacy‐affiliation, the results revealed that an alignment of implicit motives and self‐attributed values is associated with an enhanced life satisfaction across cultures. In contrast, no such relationship could be found for motives and values associated with the domain of power. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Bandeira R, Chambel MJ, Carvalho VS. Influence of the Work-Family Relationship on Perceived Health 5-Years Later: The Moderating Role of Job Insecurity. SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH 2020; 153:635-650. [PMID: 33071431 PMCID: PMC7552594 DOI: 10.1007/s11205-020-02509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the work-family relationship have analyzed the influence of work-family conflict and work-family enrichment on an individuals' lives, namely on their well-being and health. Besides, attempts have been made to analyze the influence of other aspects of the labor context on this relationship, such as job insecurity. However, few have analyzed this relationship and interaction from a longitudinal perspective. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the moderating role of job insecurity in the work-family relationship and the perceived health of 373 workers of a Portuguese bank, across time. The results showed a negative influence of work-family conflict on perceived health 5 years after. Also, job insecurity was found to offset the relationship between work-family enrichment and perceived health, acting as a buffer. This research allows for a better understanding of how job insecurity, a characteristic of modern-day employment, can impact workers' quality of life. This paper also refers to some practical implications, in addition to the limitations of the study, and presents suggestions for future research in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bandeira
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1640-013 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria José Chambel
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1640-013 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vânia Sofia Carvalho
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1640-013 Lisbon, Portugal
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Kimura S, Yano K, Oishi K. Does Mealtime Communication Improve Happiness? Considering the Trait of Shyness
1. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gutierrez-Colina AM, Corathers S, Beal S, Baugh H, Nause K, Kichler JC. Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Preparing to Transition to Adult Care: Psychosocial Functioning and Associations With Self-Management and Health Outcomes. Diabetes Spectr 2020; 33:255-263. [PMID: 32848347 PMCID: PMC7428660 DOI: 10.2337/ds19-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND | Young adulthood is a vulnerable developmental period associated with increased risk for suboptimal health outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes. Psychosocial factors have been associated with self-management and glycemic control in younger populations, but the extent to which these associations exist among young adults is poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the psychosocial functioning of young adults with type 1 diabetes and associated clinical outcomes. METHODS | Participants included young adults (n = 44) between the ages of 18 and 23 years in a pediatric setting who were preparing to transition to adult care. All participants completed self-report measures of psychosocial functioning at baseline as part of this longitudinal observational study. Outcome data included glycemic control, frequency of blood glucose monitoring, and self-management ratings at baseline and 1-year follow-up. RESULTS | Young adults with type 1 diabetes reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, lower self-efficacy, and more risk behaviors compared with previously published scores for adolescents. Young adults also reported greater resilience and transition readiness than their younger counterparts. Psychosocial variables were differentially related to glycemic control and frequency of blood glucose monitoring both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. CONCLUSION | This study provides key information about the psychosocial functioning of young adults with type 1 diabetes. It identifies relevant psychosocial factors that are associated with meaningful health outcomes during the transition preparation period. These findings may inform the development of clinical programs aimed at promoting transition preparation and health outcomes in young adults with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Gutierrez-Colina
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sarah Corathers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sarah Beal
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Holly Baugh
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Katie Nause
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jessica C. Kichler
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Neto J, Tomás JM, Valencia PD, Ventura-León J, Neto F, Reyes-Bossio M, Vilca LW. Psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Job Life Scale in Portuguese workers: A systematic study based on the IRT and CFA modeling. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03881. [PMID: 32514482 PMCID: PMC7267718 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Job satisfaction is related to better physical and mental health, as well as to factors specifically related to work. In this context, the measurement of work satisfaction is important for organizations that profess an interest in engaged and satisfied workers. Therefore, this study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Job Life Scale (SWJLS) in Portuguese workers by combining the procedures of the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Item Response Theory (IRT). Specifically, internal structure of the scale was studied, its reliability (consistency), correlations with other measures of wellbeing (life satisfaction, loneliness, emotional wellbeing at work, and job satisfaction) were also estimated, and finally, the sacle waqs tested for gender measurement invariance. Participants were 404 workers, 61% women and 39% men, aged between 18 and 64 years (M = 36.85; SD = 14.50). Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that the one-dimensional model of the SWJLS was adequate (Robust χ2(5) = 9.89, p = .078; CFI = .993; RMSEA = .049, 90% CI [.000 - .094]; SRMR = .011.) and had good internal consistency (ω = .947, 95% CI [.936, 956]; α = .947, 95% CI [.935, .955]). Subsequent analyses revealed that the scores of the SWJLS were related to other measures of job satisfaction (r = .742), job-related emotional well-being (r = .628), satisfaction with life (r = .808) and loneliness (r = -.455). Factorial invariance suggests that the structure of the SWJLS measures the same construct (satisfaction with work-life) in both female and male workers. Moreover, IRT analysis suggests that higher levels of work-life satisfaction are needed to choose the upper response options, while a very low level of work-life satisfaction is required to increase the likelihood of choosing the lower response options. In this sense, the SWJLS is useful and reliable, especially for identifying people with low levels of job satisfaction. These findings support the validity of the SWJLS and indicate that the Portuguese version is a brief instrument with good psychometric characteristics for measuring work-life satisfaction.
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Validation and invariance across age and gender for the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire in a sample of Portuguese adults. JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/s1930297500006951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe personal pattern of coping with the stress associated with making decisions characterizes the way an individual makes choices and judgments. The Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) analyses these personal patterns and has been used across various cultures in order to assess four main strategies: vigilance, buck-passing, procrastination, and hypervigilance. We sought to adapt and validate a Portuguese version of the MDMQ. Our study was conducted with a sample of 523 Portuguese people aged 18 or older. The questionnaire retained the original four scales, which represent four different decisional patterns, showing good reliability and validity – concurrent as well as predictive – and invariance for gender and age. The coping pattern with the highest mean was vigilance, while procrastination had the lowest mean. In contrast to other studies of the MDMQ, our sample had a more diversified distribution of age. Young adults were less capable than older adults of managing stress when making decisions, due to their higher levels of buck-passing, hypervigilance, and procrastination. Vigilance showed stronger correlations to positive affect, satisfaction with life, and better decisional self-esteem, while the remaining scales were related to negative affect, reduced decisional self-esteem, and lower satisfaction with life. These decision-making styles are chosen depending on time constraints, pressure, or other contextual characteristics. These results suggest that individuals resort to more convenient patterns according to their situation, and that these patterns of decision-making can be trained, developed, and improved.
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Mitchell C, Reese E, Salmon K, Jose P. Narrative coherence, psychopathology, and wellbeing: Concurrent and longitudinal findings in a mid-adolescent sample. J Adolesc 2019; 79:16-25. [PMID: 31877482 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research with adults and older adolescents has found that people exhibiting higher narrative coherence in life stories also report higher psychological wellbeing; however, this link has not been investigated longitudinally. The current study investigated concurrent and longitudinal relationships in mid-adolescence between narrative coherence (causal and thematic coherence) of turning point narratives and psychopathology (depressive symptoms and rumination) and psychological wellbeing (life satisfaction). Hypothesis one was that in concurrent analyses, narrative coherence would be negatively associated with psychopathology and positively associated with wellbeing. Hypothesis two was that higher narrative coherence would predict lower psychopathology and greater wellbeing over time. METHOD A sample of 132 adolescents (ages 14-18 years) wrote a narrative about a turning point event in their life and completed psychopathology and psychological wellbeing measures twice, approximately one year apart. RESULTS Partial correlations on concurrent data showed that only causal coherence was associated with lower psychopathology and higher wellbeing. Longitudinal regressions showed that causal coherence predicted higher wellbeing one year later. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that causal coherence in life stories may play a causal role in increased life satisfaction over time for adolescents. Experimental research is required to further investigate this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Jose
- Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
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Verschueren M, Oris L, Claes L, Moons P, Weets I, Luyckx K. Identity formation in adolescents and emerging adults with type 1 diabetes. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2019; 25:519-529. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1653482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leen Oris
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philip Moons
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Center for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ilse Weets
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Diabetes Research Center, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koen Luyckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of the Humanities Home, UNIBS, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Areepattamannil S, Cairns D. Examining the Psychometric Properties of a Modified Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale: A Rasch Measurement Approach. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-019-00510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Reppold C, Kaiser V, Zanon C, Hutz C, Casanova JR, Almeida LS. Escala de Satisfação com a Vida: Evidências de validade e precisão junto de universitários portugueses. REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIÓN EN PSICOLOGÍA Y EDUCACIÓN 2019. [DOI: 10.17979/reipe.2019.6.1.4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Este artigo apresenta novos dados sobre a precisão e validade dos resultados na Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (SWLS) junto de estudantes universitários. Uma amostra de 545 estudantes provenientes de uma universidade pública portuguesa foi considerada. A unidimensionalidade da escala foi confirmada, apresentando todos os itens cargas fatoriais superiores a .60, ainda que a sua invarância em função do género dos estudantes não se tenha confirmado, desaconselhando comparações de resultados entre homens e mulheres. As correlações moderadas em sentido positivo e negativo com os afetos positivos e negativos avaliados através da Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos (PANAS) traduzem evidências de validade de critério. A consistência interna dos resultados nos cindo itens da ESV situou-se em .77, sendo considerada adequada até pelo número reduzido de itens.
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Neto F. Intercultural Relations Among Cape Verdean Immigrants Living in Portugal. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12134-019-00679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Saudade is a psychological reaction to the absence of significant others and familiar places. This investigation examined differences in saudade in a sample of 227 Portuguese adults without migratory experience, and 202 Portuguese migrants living in Switzerland. Within the migrant group, the relation between saudade and acculturation and adaptation factors was also examined. Results indicate that migrants experienced higher levels of saudade than did non-migrants. Length of residence abroad influenced the level of saudade: the longer the time spent abroad the less saudade was felt. Acculturation and adaptation factors accounted for 44% of the explained variance in saudade. Among acculturation factors, higher Portuguese proficiency and separation, and lower assimilation predicted more saudade. Among the adaptation factors, higher sociocultural adaptation problems and lower migration satisfaction also predicted higher saudade. It is hoped that investigation on saudade continues, and suggestions are made for further research.
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Soares AS, Pais-Ribeiro JL, Silva I. Developmental Assets Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Adolescents. Front Psychol 2019; 10:236. [PMID: 30809171 PMCID: PMC6379329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of Developmental Assets links positive features of developmental ecologies with personal skills, competences and values in order to further the understanding of optimal development. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the experience of Developmental Assets and adolescent's perception of Life Satisfaction. A convenience sample of 503 Portuguese students was evaluated, mean age of 15.92 years (SD = 1.17), 63% female gender. Findings revealed that both external and internal Developmental Assets are experienced differently across gender, grade and age. Results indicate that 74% of the adolescents report their Life Satisfaction to be in the positive range. Boys report significantly higher levels of Life Satisfaction than girls. Results show significant negative correlations between Life Satisfaction and age. The main effect of school grade on Life Satisfaction was not statistically significant. Findings revealed that 32 of the 40 Developmental Assets configured in the model showed a statistically significant positive relationship with Life Satisfaction. Also, results suggest that the greater the experience of Developmental Assets, the greater the Life Satisfaction. Stepwise regression was conducted to determine which Developmental Assets and demographic factors predict Life Satisfaction. Results suggest that the relationship between demographic variables and Life Satisfaction is weak, contributing modestly to the prediction of Life Satisfaction (2%). Nine Developmental Assets emerged as independent and significant predictors of Life Satisfaction: Overall Self-esteem made the largest contribution, with Family Support, Planning and decision Making, Sense of Purpose, Positive Family Communication, Positive Values of Caring, Youth as Resources, School Engagement and Other Adult Relationships also yield significant predictability. The total regression model (Developmental Assets and demographic variables) explained 54% of the variance in Life Satisfaction results. The present findings suggest the applicability and utility of the framework as a strategy to foster positive development in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Soares
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José L Pais-Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Fernando Pessoa do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Parker G, Smith IG, Paterson A, Romano M, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Ricciardi T. How well does a wellbeing measure predict psychiatric 'caseness' as well as suicide risk and self-harm in adolescents? Psychiatry Res 2018; 268:323-327. [PMID: 30096660 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Screening for psychiatric disorders may be hampered by traditional measures that increase participant burden and elicit negative responses via denial and social desirability biases. This study examined the utility of a wellbeing measure to identify psychopathology and suicide risk in adolescent participants. 1,579 students from Sydney schools participated in a survey which assessed wellbeing using the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) as well as psychiatric disorders and suicide risk. Results showed that low scores on the SWLS discriminated adolescents who had experienced a psychiatric condition or suicidality from those not so assigned. Specifically, students with no psychiatric diagnosis yielded a mean SWLS score of 28.0 while for those assigned a diagnosis, mean scores ranged from 19.4-3.0 across the various psychiatric conditions. Students who reported any suicidal ideation yielded a mean SWLS score of 22.7, and those with a current suicidal plan yielded a mean score of 17.7. We derived SWLS cut-off scores for predicting psychiatric caseness and suicidality but established that they had low positive predictive power. The SWLS therefore appears to provide a limited proxy measure of the chance of a psychiatric disorder or psychological distress, and might usefully complement more direct measures of such states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Parker
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Isabelle Granville Smith
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amelia Paterson
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mia Romano
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tahlia Ricciardi
- School of Psychiatry, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Arps ER, Friesen MD, Overall NC. Promoting Youth Mental Health via Text-Messages: A New Zealand Feasibility Study. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2018; 10:457-480. [PMID: 30230691 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of research has documented the positive effects of gratitude programs on participants' mental health and well-being. For children and adolescents, these programs typically rely on school-based group designs tied with a health curriculum, whereas innovative technology-based programs are relatively understudied. METHODS This experiment investigated the feasibility and efficacy of a gratitude text-messaging program for promoting adolescent mental health relative to a positive reflective control condition. RESULTS Young people showed positive changes over the course of the program in their general sense of gratitude, subjective well-being, and reduced depressive symptoms, with some evidence that those with higher levels of depressive symptoms benefited more from the gratitude program. However, there were no significant differences across the two groups in the magnitude of these mental health changes. Participants in both conditions valued and were highly engaged with the interactive text-messaging approach. CONCLUSION This interactive e-health promotion strategy seemed to promote strong engagement and showed promising effectiveness with young people, with some challenges to feasibility due to the labor intensive nature of sending and responding to a large number of text-messages. The importance of carefully considering risk management strategies when developing such programs was also highlighted.
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Isanejad O, Bagheri A. Marital Quality, Loneliness, and Internet Infidelity. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2018; 21:542-548. [PMID: 30212248 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of information technology, such as the Internet and social networks, lead to an increasing number of online relationships in the world and caused some problems for families and society. One of these problems is extramarital relationships that occur through the Internet and social networks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital quality and Internet infidelity by considering the role of loneliness. Participants comprised a total of 406 (190 female and 216 male) married persons, who responded to Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S), Internet Infidelity Questionnaire (IIQ), and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS). The structural model showed that marital quality has negative correlation with loneliness and online infidelity and loneliness has positive correlation with online infidelity. Results also showed that loneliness has a mediating role in the relationship between marital quality and online infidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Isanejad
- Department of Counseling, University of Kurdistan , Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Bagheri
- Department of Counseling, University of Kurdistan , Kurdistan, Iran
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Freire T, Teixeira A. The Influence of Leisure Attitudes and Leisure Satisfaction on Adolescents' Positive Functioning: The Role of Emotion Regulation. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1349. [PMID: 30123158 PMCID: PMC6085571 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific research on leisure has proven its contribution to physical and psychological well-being in adolescents, especially regarding the practice of structured leisure activities. Leisure is considered a privileged context for adolescents to develop and learn several developmental skills, such as emotion regulation (ER). Nevertheless, the relationship between leisure and ER has been under-researched in adolescents. The present cross-sectional study aims to test a conceptual model concerning the relationship of leisure attitudes and leisure satisfaction with adolescents' positive functioning and to explore the role of emotion self-regulation strategies in that relationship. Thus, we hypothesized that leisure attitudes would be a predictor of leisure satisfaction; leisure satisfaction would be a predictor of positive functioning dimensions (self-esteem; satisfaction with life; psychological well-being); and the relationship between leisure satisfaction and positive functioning dimensions would be mediated by emotion self-regulation strategies [cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES)]. The participants in this study were 654 adolescents from 10th, 11th, and 12th grade, aged between 14 and 19 years old. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The structural equation analysis showed that leisure attitudes are a significant predictor of leisure satisfaction, and that leisure satisfaction significantly predicts all positive functioning dimensions. CR mediated the relationship between leisure satisfaction and self-esteem. These findings highlight the importance of developing positive attitudes toward leisure to increase adolescents' levels of leisure satisfaction. This study also supports the importance of leisure satisfaction for achieving adolescents' positive functioning. Future studies should continue to examine the role of emotion self-regulation strategies on leisure, especially regarding CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Freire
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Personality, school, and family: What is their role in adolescents' subjective well-being. J Adolesc 2018; 67:12-21. [PMID: 29870860 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a multidimensional approach to subjective well-being in adolescence. Multiple factors regarding personality, family, and school are examined in relation to Greek adolescents' subjective well-being. The participants of the study were 714 adolescents and their parents (302 boys and 412 girls) attending Junior High School (average age = 14.6, SD = .05) and High School (average age = 17.4, SD = .07). The results showed that specific personality, family, and school factors can be used as predictors of subjective well-being. This study is largely explorative in an effort to enrich a limited database regarding adolescents' subjective well-being and as an impetus to research in-depth the specific domain. The findings are significant since not only do they provide an insight into adolescents' subjective well-being but they also have potential implications for the better practice of school psychologists.
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Optimism and self-efficacy mediate the association between shyness and subjective well-being among Chinese working adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194559. [PMID: 29668678 PMCID: PMC5905885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether optimism and self-efficacy mediated the association between shyness and subjective well-being in a sample of Chinese working adults. Two hundred and eight participants completed the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale, Life Orientation Rest-Revised, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Structural equation modeling results showed that optimism mediated the relationship between shyness and measures of subjective well-being (life satisfaction, positive and negative affect). Self-efficacy mediated the association between shyness and positive subjective well-being (life satisfaction and positive affect). These results suggest that optimism and self-efficacy play unique mediating roles in the relationship between shyness and subjective well-being. They also have important implications for the development of intervention programs aimed at promoting subjective well-being of Chinese working adults through enhancing self-efficacy and optimism.
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Akyurek G, Efe A, Aki E. Psychometric properties of the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale among Turkish people. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1445898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Akyurek
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Efe
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Aki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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