1
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Meyer T, Knittelfelder O, Smolnig M, Rockenfeller P. Quantifying yeast lipidomics by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and comparison to mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2024; 11:57-68. [PMID: 38384676 PMCID: PMC10879857 DOI: 10.15698/mic2024.02.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Lipidomic analysis in diverse biological settings has become a frequent tool to increase our understanding of the processes of life. Cellular lipids play important roles not only as being the main components of cellular membranes, but also in the regulation of cell homeostasis as lipid signaling molecules. Yeast has been harnessed for biomedical research based on its good conservation of genetics and fundamental cell organisation principles and molecular pathways. Further application in so-called humanised yeast models have been developed which take advantage of yeast as providing the basics of a living cell with full control over heterologous expression. Here we present evidence that high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) represents an effective alternative to replace cost intensive mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analyses. We provide statistical comparison of identical samples by both methods, which support the use of HPTLC for quantitative analysis of the main yeast lipid classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Meyer
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Smolnig
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
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2
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Davis J, Meyer T, Smolnig M, Smethurst DG, Neuhaus L, Heyden J, Broeskamp F, Edrich ES, Knittelfelder O, Kolb D, Haar TVD, Gourlay CW, Rockenfeller P. A dynamic actin cytoskeleton is required to prevent constitutive VDAC-dependent MAPK signalling and aberrant lipid homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:107539. [PMID: 37636069 PMCID: PMC10450525 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the actin cytoskeleton is required to coordinate many cellular processes, and a loss of its plasticity has been linked to accelerated cell aging and attenuation of adaptive response mechanisms. Cofilin is an actin-binding protein that controls actin dynamics and has been linked to mitochondrial signaling pathways that control drug resistance and cell death. Here we show that cofilin-driven chronic depolarization of the actin cytoskeleton activates cell wall integrity mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and disrupts lipid homeostasis in a voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)-dependent manner. Expression of the cof1-5 mutation, which reduces the dynamic nature of actin, triggers loss of cell wall integrity, vacuole fragmentation, disruption of lipid homeostasis, lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, and the promotion of cell death. The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton is therefore essential to maintain the fidelity of MAPK signaling, lipid homeostasis, and cell health in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Davis
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Thorsten Meyer
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Smolnig
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Neuhaus
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Jonas Heyden
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Filomena Broeskamp
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | | | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Medical University of Graz, Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Campbell W. Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
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3
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Schoeny H, Rampler E, Binh Chu D, Schoeberl A, Galvez L, Blaukopf M, Kosma P, Koellensperger G. Achieving Absolute Molar Lipid Concentrations: A Phospholipidomics Cross-Validation Study. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1618-1625. [PMID: 35025205 PMCID: PMC8792901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Standardization is essential in lipidomics and part of a huge community effort. However, with the still ongoing lack of reference materials, benchmarking quantification is hampered. Here, we propose traceable lipid class quantification as an important layer for the validation of quantitative lipidomics workflows. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry (MS) can use certified species-unspecific standards to validate shotgun or liquid chromatography (LC)-MS-based lipidomics approaches. We further introduce a novel lipid class quantification strategy based on lipid class separation and mass spectrometry using an all ion fragmentation (AIF) approach. Class-specific fragments, measured over a mass range typical for the lipid classes, are integrated to assess the lipid class concentration. The concept proved particularly interesting as low absolute limits of detection in the fmol range were achieved and LC-MS platforms are widely used in the field of lipidomics, while the accessibility of NMR and ICP-MS is limited. Using completely independent calibration strategies, the introduced validation scheme comprised the quantitative assessment of the complete phospholipid sub-ome, next to the individual lipid classes. Komagataella phaffii served as a prime example, showcasing mass balances and supporting the value of benchmarks for quantification at the lipid species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schoeny
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of
Vienna, Althanstraße
14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Chemistry
Meets Microbiology, Althanstraße
14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dinh Binh Chu
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University
of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Anna Schoeberl
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis Galvez
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Blaukopf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Kosma
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of
Vienna, Althanstraße
14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Chemistry
Meets Microbiology, Althanstraße
14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Porin 1 Modulates Autophagy in Yeast. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092416. [PMID: 34572064 PMCID: PMC8464718 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular recycling program which efficiently reduces the cellular burden of ageing. Autophagy is characterised by nucleation of isolation membranes, which grow in size and further expand to form autophagosomes, engulfing cellular material to be degraded by fusion with lysosomes (vacuole in yeast). Autophagosomal membranes do not bud from a single cell organelle, but are generated de novo. Several lipid sources for autophagosomal membranes have been identified, but the whole process of their generation is complex and not entirely understood. In this study, we investigated how the mitochondrial outer membrane protein porin 1 (Por1), the yeast orthologue of mammalian voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), affects autophagy in yeast. We show that POR1 deficiency reduces the autophagic capacity and leads to changes in vacuole and lipid homeostasis. We further investigated whether limited phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) availability in por1∆ was causative for reduced autophagy by overexpression of the PE-generating phosphatidylserine decarboxylase 1 (Psd1). Altogether, our results show that POR1 deficiency is associated with reduced autophagy, which can be circumvented by additional PSD1 overexpression. This suggests a role for Por1 in Psd1-mediated autophagy regulation.
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Wiedmaier‐Czerny N, Müller M, Vetter W. Heart‐Cut Two‐Dimensional Countercurrent Chromatography for the Isolation of a Furan Fatty Acid Triacylglycerol from Latex Gloves and Identification of Further Lipid Compounds. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wiedmaier‐Czerny
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food ChemistryUniversity of Hohenheim Stuttgart D‐70593 Germany
| | - Marco Müller
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food ChemistryUniversity of Hohenheim Stuttgart D‐70593 Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food ChemistryUniversity of Hohenheim Stuttgart D‐70593 Germany
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6
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Chaffai R, Cherif A. The cadmium-induced changes in the polar and neutral lipid compositions suggest the involvement of triacylglycerol in the defense response in maize. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:15-23. [PMID: 32158117 PMCID: PMC7036388 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal ion leading to morphological and physiological disorders in plants; a specific toxicity target is the membrane lipids. The total lipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography, and the fatty acid composition of the total (TLs), polar lipids (PLs) and triacylglycerol (TAG)-a neutral lipid-was analyzed in maize seedlings in hydroponics and treated by various Cd concentrations (0-200 µM Cd). The TLs and PLs significantly decreased in roots after Cd treatment, suggesting the onset of lipid peroxidation mediated by oxygen free radicals, that induce alterations of the membrane structure and function. There were also increases in the TAG from 28.2 to 36.9% of TLs, and the TAG/PLs ratio varied from 0.59 to 0.84, in control and after exposure to 200 µM Cd, respectively. The TAG plays potent roles in membrane turnover serving as energy and carbon resources for the biosynthesis of membrane lipids, to preserve membrane structure and function, and therefore cell homeostasis in response to Cd. In shoots, a significant increase in the levels of C16:0, C18:1, and C18:2, while a decrease in that of C18:3 was observed, suggesting inhibition of desaturases enzymes. These lead to impairment of the chloroplast membrane. The total lipid content did not change under Cd stress. The PLs, however, decreased from 22.4 to 13.6 mg g-1 DW; their percent to TLs varied from 86.6 to 52.5%, in control, and after Cd treatment, respectively. In conclusion, the accumulation of TAG may represent a defense strategy by which maize seedlings can withstand the effects of Cd toxicity, leading to reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhouane Chaffai
- The University of Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, ISBST, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- The University of Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, ISBST, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
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7
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de la Fuente-Herreruela D, Monnappa AK, Muñoz-Úbeda M, Morallón-Piña A, Enciso E, Sánchez L, Giusti F, Natale P, López-Montero I. Lipid-peptide bioconjugation through pyridyl disulfide reaction chemistry and its application in cell targeting and drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:77. [PMID: 31226993 PMCID: PMC6587267 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The design of efficient drug delivery vectors requires versatile formulations able to simultaneously direct a multitude of molecular targets and to bypass the endosomal recycling pathway of cells. Liposomal-based vectors need the decoration of the lipid surface with specific peptides to fulfill the functional requirements. The unspecific binding of peptides to the lipid surface is often accompanied with uncontrolled formulations and thus preventing the molecular mechanisms of a successful therapy. Results We present a simple synthesis pathway to anchor cysteine-terminal peptides to thiol-reactive lipids for adequate and quantitative liposomal formulations. As a proof of concept, we have synthesized two different lipopeptides based on (a) the truncated Fibroblast Growth Factor (tbFGF) for cell targeting and (b) the pH sensitive and fusogenic GALA peptide for endosomal scape. Conclusions The incorporation of these two lipopeptides in the liposomal formulation improves the fibroblast cell targeting and promotes the direct delivery of cargo molecules to the cytoplasm of the cell. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-019-0509-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de la Fuente-Herreruela
- Dto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (i+12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ajay K Monnappa
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Úbeda
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (i+12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aarón Morallón-Piña
- Dto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Enciso
- Dto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Dto. Química Orgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrice Giusti
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, ICSM, UMR 5257, Site de Marcoule-Bât, 426 BP 17 171, 30207, Bagnols sur Ceze, France
| | - Paolo Natale
- Dto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (i+12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván López-Montero
- Dto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (i+12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Mukai M, Higaki Y, Hirai T, Takahara A. Separation of Endo-cyclic 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Choline Phosphate by Anion Exchange Approach. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Mukai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuji Higaki
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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9
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Trione EJ, Ross WD. Lipids as Bioregulators of Teliospore Germination and Sporidial Formation in the Wheat Bunt Fungi, TilletiaSpecies. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1988.12025495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Trione
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Department of Crop Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - W. D. Ross
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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10
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Neumann BM, Kenney D, Wen Q, Gericke A. Microfluidic device as a facile in vitro tool to generate and investigate lipid gradients. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 210:109-121. [PMID: 29102758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a method that utilizes a microfluidic gradient generator to develop lateral lipid gradients in supported lipid bilayers (SLB). The new methodology provides freedom of choice with respect to the lipid composition of the SLB. In addition, the device has the ability to create a protein or bivalent cation gradient in the aqueous phase above the lipid bilayer which can elicit a gradient specific response in the SLB. To highlight these features we demonstrate that we can create a phosphoinositide gradient on various length scales, ranging from 2mm to 50μm. We further show that a Ca2+ gradient in the aqueous phase above the SLB causes anionic lipid clustering mirroring the cation gradient. We demonstrate this effect for mixed phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate bilayers and fora mixed phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine bilayers. The biomimetic platform can be combined with a Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy setup, which allows for the convenient observation of the time evolution of the gradient and the interaction of ligands with the lipid bilayer. The method provides unprecedented access to study the dynamics and mechanics of protein-lipid interactions on membranes with micron level gradients, mimicking plasma membrane gradients observed in organisms such as Dictyostelium discodeum and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Neumann
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, USA
| | - Devin Kenney
- Bridgewater State University, Department of Chemical Sciences, USA
| | - Qi Wen
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Department of Physics, USA
| | - Arne Gericke
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, USA.
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11
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Zheng X, Zhang P, Liao B, Li J, Liu X, Shi Y, Cheng J, Lai Z, Xu J, Chen S. A Comprehensive Quality Evaluation System for Complex Herbal Medicine Using PacBio Sequencing, PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, and Several Chemical Approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1578. [PMID: 28955365 PMCID: PMC5601397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is a major component of complementary and alternative medicine, contributing significantly to the health of many people and communities. Quality control of herbal medicine is crucial to ensure that it is safe and sound for use. Here, we investigated a comprehensive quality evaluation system for a classic herbal medicine, Danggui Buxue Formula, by applying genetic-based and analytical chemistry approaches to authenticate and evaluate the quality of its samples. For authenticity, we successfully applied two novel technologies, third-generation sequencing and PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis), to analyze the ingredient composition of the tested samples. For quality evaluation, we used high performance liquid chromatography assays to determine the content of chemical markers to help estimate the dosage relationship between its two raw materials, plant roots of Huangqi and Danggui. A series of surveys were then conducted against several exogenous contaminations, aiming to further access the efficacy and safety of the samples. In conclusion, the quality evaluation system demonstrated here can potentially address the authenticity, quality, and safety of herbal medicines, thus providing novel insight for enhancing their overall quality control. Highlight: We established a comprehensive quality evaluation system for herbal medicine, by combining two genetic-based approaches third-generation sequencing and DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) with analytical chemistry approaches to achieve the authentication and quality connotation of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiasheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Technologies and Applications of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group LimitedZhongshan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Baosheng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology Laboratory in Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Technologies and Applications of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group LimitedZhongshan, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jinle Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Technologies and Applications of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group LimitedZhongshan, China
| | - Zhitian Lai
- Key Laboratory of Technologies and Applications of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group LimitedZhongshan, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
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12
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Knittelfelder OL, Kohlwein SD. Thin-Layer Chromatography to Separate Phospholipids and Neutral Lipids from Yeast. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2017; 2017:2017/5/pdb.prot085456. [PMID: 28461652 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot085456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a versatile technique for the separation of lipid classes. It provides excellent resolution, can be used for both preparative and analytical applications, and does not require expensive equipment. Here we describe the use of different solvent systems to separate yeast phospholipids and neutral lipids by TLC in one dimension. Resolved lipid species are visualized by iodine vapor or by charring after treatment with sulfuric acid and manganese chloride. Neither of these staining techniques yields a quantitative readout because the mixture of various lipids in yeast affects iodine absorption and charring efficiency; standard curves are required to obtain semiquantitative estimates of the relative lipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar L Knittelfelder
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sepp D Kohlwein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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13
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Eibler D, Krüger S, Skírnisson K, Vetter W. Combined thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric analysis of lipid classes and fatty acids in malnourished polar bears (Ursus maritimus) which swam to Iceland. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:138-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Bardaa S, Ben Halima N, Aloui F, Ben Mansour R, Jabeur H, Bouaziz M, Sahnoun Z. Oil from pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds: evaluation of its functional properties on wound healing in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:73. [PMID: 27068642 PMCID: PMC4827242 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing natural drug demand for pharmaceutical uses has encouraged scientifics all over the world to explore medicinal plants recognized as efficient remedies. In this context, extracted oil from pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.) is an interesting target, as it is composed with prominent pharmacological properties to possible wound healing treatments. Methods The composition and content of certain bioactive constituents of the cold pressed oil obtained from pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.) were analyzed and studied for their wound healing properties. Uniform wounds were induced on the dorsum of 18 rats, randomly divided into three groups. The wounds were photographed, and topically treated with saline solution (control group), 0.13 mg/mm2 of a reference drug (“Cicaflora cream®”), and 0.52 μl/mm2 of pumpkin’s oil each 2 days until the first group is completely healing and so far biopsies were histologically assessed. Results The composition and content of tocopherols, fatty acids, and phytosterols were determined. The results showed an excellent quality of pumpkin oil with high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Linoleic acid: 50.88 ± 0.106 g/100 g of total fatty acids), tocopherols (280 ppm) and sterols (2086.5 ± 19.092 ppm). High content of these bioactive components were in agreement with an efficient wound healing by the mean of an in vivo study. In fact, morphometric assessment and histological findings revealed healed biopsies from pumpkin oil treated group of rats, unlike untreated group, and a full re-epithelialization with reappearance of skin appendages and well organized collagen fibers without inflammatory cells. Conclusions This study showed the significance of oil from pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.) as a promising drug to healing wounds in animal assays. As a whole, pumpkin’s oil would be recommended in the nutritional and medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Bardaa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Avenue Majida Boulila, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Fatma Aloui
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hazem Jabeur
- Institut Superieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Universite de Sfax, BP 1175, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Institut Superieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Universite de Sfax, BP 1175, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouheir Sahnoun
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Avenue Majida Boulila, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Vijeetha T, Balakrishna M, Karuna MSL, Surya Koppeswara Rao BV, Prasad RBN, Kumar KP, Surya Narayana Murthy U. Synthesis and Anti-microbial Activity of Novel Phosphatidylethanolamine-N-amino Acid Derivatives. J Oleo Sci 2015; 64:705-12. [PMID: 25994558 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess15063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study involved synthesis of five novel amino acid derivatives of phosphatidylethanolamine isolated from egg yolk lecithin employing a three step procedure i) N-protection of L-amino acids with BOC anhydride in alkaline medium ii) condensation of - CO2H group of N-protected amino acid with free -NH2 of PE by a peptide linkage and iii) deprotection of N-protected group of amino acids to obtain phosphatidylethanolamine-N-amino acid derivatives in 60-75% yield. The five L-amino acids used were L glycine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine and L-phenylalanine. The amino acid derivatives were screened for anti-baterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeroginosa and E. coli taking Streptomycin as reference compound and anti-fungal activity against C. albicans, S. cervisiae, A. niger taking AmphotericinB as reference compound. All the amino acid derivatives exhibited extraordinary anti-bacterial activities about 3 folds or comparable to Streptomycin and moderate or no anti-fungal activity against Amphotericin-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadla Vijeetha
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
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Scotti-Campos P, Pais IP, Partelli FL, Batista-Santos P, Ramalho JC. Phospholipids profile in chloroplasts of Coffea spp. genotypes differing in cold acclimation ability. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:243-9. [PMID: 23988560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental temperature change may induce modifications in membrane lipid properties and composition, which account for different physiological responses among plant species. Coffee plants, as many tropical species, are particularly sensitive to cold, but genotypes can present differences that can be exploited to improve crop management and breeding. This work intended to highlight the changes promoted by low non-freezing temperatures (chilling) in phospholipid (PL) composition of chloroplast membranes of genotypes from two Coffea species, Coffea arabica cv. Catuaí (moderately tolerant) and Coffea canephora cv. Conilon (Clone 153, more susceptible), and relate them with cold sensitivity differences. Such evaluation was performed considering a gradual temperature decrease, chilling (4 °C) exposure and a recovery period under rewarming conditions. Catuaí presented an earlier acclimation response than Clone 153 (CL 153). It displayed a higher metabolic activity during acclimation (total fatty acids and total PL increases) and chilling (phosphatidylglycerol increases), and an overall better recovery. Catuaí also showed the highest phosphatidylglycerol unsaturation (higher double bond index) after chilling, in contrast with CL 153 (gradual unsaturation decrease). Higher unsaturation degree in Catuaí than in CL 153 was also observed for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol, resulting, mainly, from raises in unsaturated C18:2 and C18:3. It is suggested that an enhanced PL synthesis and turnover induced by a gradual cold exposure, as well as unsaturation increases in major PL classes, is related to decreased Catuaí susceptibility to low temperatures and strongly contributes to sustain photosynthetic activity in this genotype under chilling conditions, as reported in previous work by this team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Scotti-Campos
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel P Pais
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Fábio L Partelli
- Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Univ. Norte Espírito Santo, Univ. Federal Espírito Santo, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km. 60, Bairro Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Paula Batista-Santos
- Grupo Interações Planta-Ambiente (Plant Stress), Centro de Ambiente, Agricultura e Desenvolvimento (BioTrop), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, I.P. (IICT), Av. República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José C Ramalho
- Grupo Interações Planta-Ambiente (Plant Stress), Centro de Ambiente, Agricultura e Desenvolvimento (BioTrop), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, I.P. (IICT), Av. República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Pelick
- ; Department of Biochemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania
- Supelco, Inc.; P.O. Box 581, 16823 Bellefonte Pa
| | - J. W. Shigley
- ; Department of Biochemistry; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania
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Sahib NG, Anwar F, Gilani AH, Hamid AA, Saari N, Alkharfy KM. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): a potential source of high-value components for functional foods and nutraceuticals--a review. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1439-56. [PMID: 23281145 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), a herbal plant, belonging to the family Apiceae, is valued for its culinary and medicinal uses. All parts of this herb are in use as flavoring agent and/or as traditional remedies for the treatment of different disorders in the folk medicine systems of different civilizations. The plant is a potential source of lipids (rich in petroselinic acid) and an essential oil (high in linalool) isolated from the seeds and the aerial parts. Due to the presence of a multitude of bioactives, a wide array of pharmacological activities have been ascribed to different parts of this herb, which include anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anxiolytic, anti-epileptic, anti-depressant, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-dyslipidemic, anti-hypertensive, neuro-protective and diuretic. Interestingly, coriander also possessed lead-detoxifying potential. This review focuses on the medicinal uses, detailed phytochemistry, and the biological activities of this valuable herb to explore its potential uses as a functional food for the nutraceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Gooda Sahib
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Karuna MSL, Vandana V, Vijaya Lakshmi P, Prasad RBN. A Simple Enzymatic Approach for Selective Acetylation of Phosphatidylethanolamine. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-012-2184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Blank ML, Nutter LJ, Privett OS. Determination of the structure of lecithins. Lipids 2012; 1:132-5. [PMID: 17805667 DOI: 10.1007/bf02533005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/1965] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method is described for the determination of the classes of lecithins in terms of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids based on a total fatty acid composition, the composition of the fatty acids in the beta-position, and the amount of disaturated class determined via mercuric acetate adduct formation. The accuracy of the method was determined on lecithins of known composition and the method was applied to lecithins isolated from milk serum and egg lipids, safflower and soybean oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Blank
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
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Changes in Lipid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium. L) and Mandarin (Citrus reticulata. Blanco) Oilseeds on Different Stages of Maturity. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Recent advances of chromatography and mass spectrometry in lipidomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:243-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4327-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 10/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nie H, Liu R, Yang Y, Bai Y, Guan Y, Qian D, Wang T, Liu H. Lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers by online normal- and reversed-phase 2D LC QToF-MS. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:2833-44. [PMID: 20526000 PMCID: PMC2918466 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d007567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An online, two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography (LC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QToF-MS) method was developed for lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers, in which the lipid classes and species could be simultaneously separated in one injection with a significantly increased sensitivity. Different lipid classes were separated on a normal-phase column in the first dimension and lipid molecular species were separated on a reversed-phase column in the second dimension, so that the ion suppression effects were reduced while the detection sensitivity was improved. Identified were 721 endogenous lipid species from 12 lipid classes, in which 415 structures were confirmed using tandem mass spectra, and the other 306 lipid molecular species were identified by accurate masses. The linearity, limit of detection, and repeatability were all satisfactory. The method was applied to the investigation of the lipid changes in rat peritoneal surface layer after peritoneal dialysis, and 32 potential lipid biomarkers were identified, as their concentrations in the dosed group were 2.2-12.5 times of those in the control group. The results revealed that this 2D LC-MS system was a promising tool for lipid profiling of complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Guan
- Department of Instrumental and Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daqing Qian
- Department of Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Sriti J, Wannes WA, Talou T, Mhamdi B, Cerny M, Marzouk B. Lipid Profiles of Tunisian Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Seed. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-009-1505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Milone M, Caliendo MF, Rastogi RK, Chieffi G. Seasonal lipid composition in the liver, fat body and gonads ofRana esculenta. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/11250008309439447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yang Z, Ohlrogge JB. Turnover of fatty acids during natural senescence of Arabidopsis, Brachypodium, and switchgrass and in Arabidopsis beta-oxidation mutants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 150:1981-9. [PMID: 19561121 PMCID: PMC2719120 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.140491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
During leaf senescence, macromolecule breakdown occurs and nutrients are translocated to support growth of new vegetative tissues, seeds, or other storage organs. In this study, we determined the fatty acid levels and profiles in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), Brachypodium distachyon, and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) leaves during natural senescence. In young leaves, fatty acids represent 4% to 5% of dry weight and approximately 10% of the chemical energy content of the leaf tissues. In all three species, fatty acid levels in leaves began to decline at the onset of leaf senescence and progressively decreased as senescence advanced, resulting in a greater than 80% decline in fatty acids on a dry weight basis. During senescence, Arabidopsis leaves lost 1.6% of fatty acids per day at a rate of 2.1 mug per leaf (0.6 mug mg(-1) dry weight). Triacylglycerol levels remained less than 1% of total lipids at all stages. In contrast to glycerolipids, aliphatic surface waxes of Arabidopsis leaves were much more stable, showing only minor reduction during senescence. We also examined three Arabidopsis mutants, acx1acx2, lacs6lacs7, and kat2, which are blocked in enzyme activities of beta-oxidation and are defective in lipid mobilization during seed germination. In each case, no major differences in the fatty acid contents of leaves were observed between these mutants and the wild type, indicating that several mutations in beta-oxidation that cause reduced breakdown of reserve oil in seeds do not substantially reduce the degradation of fatty acids during leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenle Yang
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Serghini Caid H, Ouzouline M, Tahani N, Demandre C, El Amrani E, Benhassaine-Kesri G. Effects of accelerated aging upon the lipid composition of seeds from two soft wheat varieties from Morocco. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2009. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.010409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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HAMROUNI-SELLAMI IBTISSEM, ELYES KCHOUK MOHAMED, MARZOUK BRAHIM. LIPID AND AROMA COMPOSITION OF BLACK CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) SEEDS FROM TUNISIA. J Food Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2008.00161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Romantsov T, Stalker L, Culham DE, Wood JM. Cardiolipin controls the osmotic stress response and the subcellular location of transporter ProP in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:12314-23. [PMID: 18326496 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709871200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The phospholipid composition of the membrane and transporter structure control the subcellular location and function of osmosensory transporter ProP in Escherichia coli. Growth in media of increasing osmolality increases, and entry to stationary phase decreases, the proportion of phosphatidate in anionic lipids (phosphatidylglycerol (PG) plus cardiolipin (CL)). Both treatments increase the CL:PG ratio. Transporters ProP and LacY are concentrated with CL (and not PG) near cell poles and septa. The polar concentration of ProP is CL-dependent. Here we show that the polar concentration of LacY is CL-independent. The osmotic activation threshold of ProP was directly proportional to the CL content of wild type bacteria, the PG content of CL-deficient bacteria, and the anionic lipid content of cells and proteoliposomes. CL was effective at a lower concentration in cells than in proteoliposomes, and at a much lower concentration than PG in either system. Thus, in wild type bacteria, osmotic induction of CL synthesis and concentration of ProP with CL at the cell poles adjust the osmotic activation threshold of ProP to match ambient conditions. ProP proteins linked by homodimeric, C-terminal coiled-coils are known to activate at lower osmolalities than those without such structures and coiled-coil disrupting mutations raise the osmotic activation threshold. Here we show that these mutations also prevent polar concentration of ProP. Stabilization of the C-terminal coiled-coil by covalent cross-linking of introduced Cys reverses the impact of increasing CL on the osmotic activation of ProP. Association of ProP C termini with the CL-rich membrane at cell poles may raise the osmotic activation threshold by blocking coiled-coil formation. Mutations that block coiled-coil formation may also block association of the C termini with the CL-rich membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Romantsov
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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EVERHART LEIGHTONP, RONKIN RR. Changes in the Lipids of Cells from Aging Populations of Tetrahymena pyriformis*†. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1966.tb01975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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ROSENBAUM N, ERWIN J, BEACH D, HOLZ GG. The Induction of a Phospholipid Requirement and Morphological Abnormalities in Tetrahymena pyriformis by Growth at Supraoptimal Temperatures*†. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1966.tb01958.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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LUKSAS ANTHONYJ, ERWIN JA. The Lipid Requirement of the Ciliated ProtozoonTetrahymena patula. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1983.tb01025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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MOORE JH, WILLIAMS DL. The relationship between diet, plasma lipid composition and aortic atherosis in rabbits. Br J Nutr 2007; 18:431-48. [PMID: 14188300 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19640039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Néchet SL, Dubois N, Gouygou JP, Bergé JP. Lipid composition of the liver oil of the ray, Himantura bleekeri. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Whitehead JK, Dean HG. The isotope derivative method in biochemical analysis. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 2006; 16:1-98. [PMID: 4875668 DOI: 10.1002/9780470110348.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Vahouny GV, Treadwell CR. Enzymatic synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesterol esters. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 2006; 16:219-72. [PMID: 4877146 DOI: 10.1002/9780470110348.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abousteit O. Ein Beitrag zur quantitativen Trennung der 2,4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazone der aus Butterfett entstehenden Carbonyl‐Verbindungen mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht‐Chromatograhie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19670690101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Abousteit
- Milchwirtschaftlichen Abteilung der Justus Liebig‐Universität, Gießen
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Reutner KF. Analyse von Wachsen und Wachsmischungen mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht‐Chromatographie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19680700305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kfm. F. Reutner
- Institut für Wirtschaftliche Warenlehre an der Universität Köln
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Vaultier MN, Cantrel C, Vergnolle C, Justin AM, Demandre C, Benhassaine-Kesri G, Ciçek D, Zachowski A, Ruelland E. Desaturase mutants reveal that membrane rigidification acts as a cold perception mechanism upstream of the diacylglycerol kinase pathway in Arabidopsis cells. FEBS Lett 2006; 580:4218-23. [PMID: 16839551 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2006] [Revised: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Membrane rigidification could be the first step of cold perception in poikilotherms. We have investigated its implication in diacylglycerol kinase (DAGK) activation by cold stress in suspension cells from Arabidopsis mutants altered in desaturase activities. By lateral diffusion assay, we showed that plasma membrane rigidification with temperature decrease was steeper in cells deficient in oleate desaturase than in wild type cells and in cells overexpressing linoleate desaturase. The threshold for the activation of the DAGK pathway in each type of cells correlated with this order of rigidification rate, suggesting that cold induced-membrane rigidification is upstream of DAGK pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Noëlle Vaultier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, FRE 2846, PCMP, 3 Rue Galilée, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France
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Néron S, El Amrani F, Potus J, Nicolas J. Separation and quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography with light scattering detection of the main wheat flour phospholipids during dough mixing in the presence of phospholipase. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1047:77-83. [PMID: 15481462 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids (PL) are minor components of wheat flour involved in baking quality and exogenous phospholipids are used as emulsifiers giving better loaf volume and crumb grain. Few biochemical data are available on the phospholipid evolution during mixing, probably because of the time-consuming methods proposed for their extraction, separation and quantification. In the present study, the extraction, separation and quantification of the main wheat flour phospholipids were carried out. Total lipids (2% dry mass of wheat flour) were extracted from flour or dough by a mixture of chloroform-methanol-water (1:1:1 (v/v)). The phospholipids were separated from the lipid extract on silica cartridge by solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure under a 1.5-4 mmHg vacuum, at a 0.8 mL min(-1) flow rate (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa). The recovery of the lipid extract was 100%, whereas the SPE yield for the PLs was 50%. The resulting fraction was then submitted to HPLC with evaporative light scattering detection on a Diol stationary phase allowing the separation and quantification of each class of phospholipids, in less than 16 min. The developed method allowed to quantify the phospholipid amounts from eight wheat flours as well as their evolution during mixing in the presence of phospholipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Néron
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Laboratoire de Biochimie Industrielle et Agro-Alimentaire, UMR 1211 SCALE ENSIA/CNAM/INRA, 292 rue Saint-Martin, 75141 Paris Cedex 03, France
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Campos PS, Quartin V, Ramalho JC, Nunes MA. Electrolyte leakage and lipid degradation account for cold sensitivity in leaves of Coffea sp. plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2003; 160:283-292. [PMID: 12749085 DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Five Coffea genotypes differing in their sensitivity to low positive temperatures were compared with regard to the effects of chilling on membrane integrity, as well as their ability to recover from cold-induced injury upon re-warming. Membrane damage was evaluated through electrolyte leakage, changes in membrane lipid composition and malondialdehyde (MDA) production in control conditions (25/20 degrees C, day/night), after a gradual temperature decrease period to 15/10 degrees C, after chilling treatment (3 nights at 4 degrees C) and upon re-warming to 25/20 degrees C during 6 days (recovery). C. dewevrei showed the highest electrolyte leakage at 15/10 degrees C and after chilling. This was due mainly to lipid degradation observed at 15/10 degrees C, reflecting strong membrane damage. Furthermore, MDA production after chilling conditions indicated the occurrence of lipid peroxidation. A higher susceptibility of C. dewevrei to cold also was inferred from the complete absence of recovery as regards permeability, contrary to what was observed in the remaining plants. Apoatã and Piatã presented significant leakage values after chilling. However, such effects were reversible under recovery conditions. Exposure to cold (15/10 degrees C and 3 x 15/4 degrees C) did not significantly affect membrane permeability in Catuaí and Icatú. Furthermore, no significant MDA production was observed even after chilling treatments in Apoatã, Piatã, Catuaí and Icatú, suggesting that the four genotypes had the ability to maintain membrane integrity and/or repair membrane damage caused by low temperatures. Apoatã, Piatã and, to a lower extent, Catuaí, were able to cope with gradual temperature decrease through an enhanced lipid biosynthesis. After acclimation, Piatã and Catuaí showed a lowering of digalactosyldiacylglycerol to monogalactosyldiacylglycerol ratio (MGDG/DGDG) as a result of enhanced DGDG synthesis, which represents an increase in membrane stability. The same was observed in Apoatã after chilling, in spite of phospholipids decrease. The studied parameters clearly indicated that chilling induced irreversible membrane damage in C. dewevrei. We also concluded that increased lipid synthesis, lower MGDG/DGDG ratio, and changes in membrane unsaturation occurring during acclimation to low temperatures may be critical factors in maintenance of cellular integrity under chilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Scotti Campos
- Departamento de Fisiologia Vegetal-Estação Agronómica Nacional, Avenida da República, P-2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Citharel B, Oursel A, Mazliak P. Desaturation of oleoyl and linoleoyl residues linked to phospholipids in growing roots of yellow lupin. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)81019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Satchithanandam S, Flynn TJ, Calvert RJ, Kritchevsky D. Effect of peanut oil and randomized peanut oil on cholesterol and oleic acid absorption, transport, and distribution in the lymph of the rat. Lipids 1999; 34:1305-11. [PMID: 10652990 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-999-0482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peanut oil was shown to be atherogenic in cholesterol-fed rats, rabbits, and monkeys. However, after randomization, a process in which the fatty acids in peanut oil are randomly rearranged, its atherogenicity was significantly reduced in cholesterol-fed rabbits and monkeys. The mechanism for this effect remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate whether the absorption, transport and distribution of dietary cholesterol and oleic acid in the lymph were altered in the presence of peanut oil or randomized peanut oil. Previous investigators collected lymph through the mesenteric duct for 6 h and analyzed lymph for cholesterol. In the present study, lymph fluids were collected at timed intervals for up to 8 h and then at 24 h via the thoracic duct. Cholesterol and oleic acid (fatty acid) were estimated not only in the whole lymph but also in lymph lipoprotein fractions and in major lipid fractions. A 24-h lymph collection will enhance accuracy as short-term fluctuations in lipid absorption will not affect the results. Thoracic duct lymph collection is quantitative compared to mesenteric duct lymph collection, which provides only a fraction of the total lymph. Rats were given a lipid emulsion containing either peanut oil or randomized peanut oil. The emulsion also contained cholesterol, oleic acid, and sodium taurocholate in saline and was given through a duodenal catheter. Results show that absorption, transport, and distribution of cholesterol and oleic acid in the lymph fluids were similar in both dietary groups. These results suggest that the atherogenicity of peanut oil may be due to other events taking place subsequent to the release of cholesterol-containing chylomicrons and very low density lipoprotein by the small intestinal epithelial cells into the blood or may be due to the triglyceride structure itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Satchithanandam
- Division of Science and Applied Technology, US Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA.
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HOFMANN AF, BORGSTROM B. Hydrolysis of long-chain monoglycerides in micellar solution by pancreatic lipase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 70:317-31. [PMID: 13963970 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)90755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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VIOQUE E, HOLMAN RT. Characterization of the ketodienes formed in the oxidation of linoleate by lipoxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 99:522-8. [PMID: 13997422 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(62)90301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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