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Lin KQ, Liu HF, Chen C, Li JY, Pan WD, Sun C, Lou HY. Structurally Diverse Coumarins from Peucedanum praeruptorum and their Anti-Inflammatory Activities via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400184. [PMID: 38372676 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The phytochemical study of Peucedanum praeruptorum led to the isolation of twenty-five coumarins (1-25). Of which, (±) praeruptol A (±1), one pair of previous undescribed seco-coumarin enantiomers were obtained. Their structures were established according to HR-ESI-MS, NMR, X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis, as well as ECD calculation. All compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory activity in the RAW264.7 macrophage model, and eight compounds (7-10, and 13-16) exhibited significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 9.48 to 34.66 μM. Among them, compound 7 showed the strongest inhibitory effect, which significantly suppressed the production of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, as well as iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Further investigated results showed that compound 7 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Qin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Han-Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Jin-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Wei-Dong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
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Agrawal N, Bhardwaj A, Singh S, Goyal A, Gaurav A. Natural Products as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Potential Agents for Neurological Disorders. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:701-714. [PMID: 37165491 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230510141008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of medicinal plants has been advantageous due to their manifestation through various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Inhibition of the monoamine oxidase enzyme is suspected to be a highly effective treatment for various neurological illnesses like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, social phobia, and panic disorders. The study of phytochemicals and plant extracts used as a traditional source of medication revealed that they possess the vast potential for monoamine oxidase inhibition. Thus, the article focuses on the potential use of plant extracts and phytochemicals as sources of novel MAO inhibitors for treating neurological disorders. Exhaustive literature search revealed that a variety of phytochemicals from the categories such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, alkyl phenyl ketones, coumarin derivatives and essential oils have displayed potential MAO inhibition. This review highlights the progress made in the discovery and development of plant-based MAO inhibitors and aims to provide medicinal chemists with an overview of this information to aid in the development of clinically viable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Gaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Akwu NA, Lekhooa M, Deqiang D, Aremu AO. Antidepressant effects of coumarins and their derivatives: A critical analysis of research advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175958. [PMID: 37543158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins and their derivatives are non-flavonoids polyphenols with diverse pharmacological activities including anti-depressant effects. This study systematically examines the antidepressant effects of coumarins and their derivatives in relation to time series of research progress in the pharmacological pathways, association with other diseases, toxicity and bibliometric analysis. The review was approached using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) coupled with R package involving Biblioshiny, a web interface for Bibliometrix analysis and VOSviewer software analytic tools. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed from the inception through January 21, 2023. Coumarins, depression, coumarin derivatives and treatment were the main search terms used which resulted in the inclusion of 46 eligible publications. Scopoletin, psoralen, 7-hydroxycoumarin, meranzin hydrate, osthole, esculetin/umbelliferone were the most studied coumarins with antidepressant effects. Coumarins and their derivatives exerted antidepressant effects with a stronger affinity for monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibition and, their inhibitory effect via neurotransmitter pathway on MAO is well-studied. However, epigenetic modification, neuroendocrine, neurotrophic pathways are understudied. Recent research focuses on their antidepressant effects which targeted cytokines and fibromyalgia. There is a link between the gut microbiome, the brain, and depression; meranzin hydrate exerts an antidepressant activity by remodelling the gastrointestinal system. We established that empirical data on some coumarins and their derivatives to support their antidepressant effects are limited. Likewise, the safe dose range for several coumarins and their derivatives is yet to be fully determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nneka Augustina Akwu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa; Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
| | - Makhotso Lekhooa
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Dou Deqiang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life one Road, DD port, Dalian Economic and Technical Development Zone, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa; School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Lin Z, Cheng X, Zheng H. Umbelliferon: a review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01256-3. [PMID: 37308634 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coumarin, a plant secondary metabolite, has various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Umbelliferone, a common coumarin compound found in almost all higher plants, has been extensively studied for its pharmacological effects in different disease models and doses with complex action mechanisms. This review aims to summarize these studies and provide useful information to relevant scholars. The pharmacological studies demonstrate that umbelliferone has diverse effects such as anti-diabetes, anti-cancer, anti-infection, anti-rheumatoid arthritis, neuroprotection, and improvement of liver, kidney, and myocardial tissue damage. The action mechanisms of umbelliferone include inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, improvement of insulin resistance, myocardial hypertrophy, and tissue fibrosis, in addition to regulation of blood glucose and lipid metabolism. Among the action mechanisms, the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation is the most critical. In short, these pharmacological studies disclose that umbelliferone is expected to treat many diseases, and more research should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Lin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Yuan C, Chen J, Li Y, Wei Y, Li H, Qiu J, Huang L, Hu Z, Hao X, Gu W. Constituents from Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2023.104640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Alam Tumpa MA, Shohag S, Shakil Khan Shuvo, Ferdous J, Kajol SA, Aljohani ASM, Al Abdulmonem W, Rauf A, Thiruvengadam M. Insights into the promising prospect of medicinal chemistry studies against neurodegenerative disorders. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110375. [PMID: 36739931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal chemistry is an interdisciplinary field that incorporates organic chemistry, biochemistry, physical chemistry, pharmacology, informatics, molecular biology, structural biology, cell biology, and other disciplines. Additionally, it considers molecular factors such as the mode of action of the drugs, their chemical structure-activity relationship (SAR), and pharmacokinetic aspects like absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity. Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), which are defined by the breakdown of neurons over time, are affecting an increasing number of people. Oxidative stress, particularly the increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), plays a crucial role in the growth of various disorders, as indicated by the identification of protein, lipid, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oxidation products in vivo. Because of their inherent nature, most biological molecules are vulnerable to ROS, even if they play a role in metabolic parameters and cell signaling. Due to their high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, low antioxidant barrier, and high oxygen uptake, neurons are particularly vulnerable to oxidation by nature. As a result, excessive ROS generation in neurons looks especially harmful, and the mechanisms associated with biomolecule oxidative destruction are several and complex. This review focuses on the formation and management of ROS, as well as their chemical characteristics (both thermodynamic and kinetic), interactions, and implications in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Afroza Alam Tumpa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakil Khan Shuvo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saima Akter Kajol
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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da Silva DF, de Souza JL, da Costa DM, Costa DB, Moreira POL, Fonseca ALD, Varotti FDP, Cruz JN, Dos Santos CBR, Alves CQ, Leite FHA, Brandão HN. Antiplasmodial activity of coumarins isolated from Polygala boliviensis: in vitro and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13383-13403. [PMID: 36744465 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2173295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polygala boliviensis is found in the Brazilian semiarid region. This specie is little chemically and biologically studied. Polygala spp. have different metabolites, especially coumarins. Studies indicate that coumarins have antimalarial potential, denoting the importance of researching new active compounds from plants, since the resistance of Plasmodium strains to conventional therapy has increased. The present study aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of auraptene and poligalen against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Coumarins were isolated from P. boliviensis by open column chromatography and identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. A cytotoxicity assay was carried out using MTT test, and the in vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using the W2 strain. The antiplasmodial activity results found were IC50=0.171 ± 0.016 for auraptene and 0.164 ± 0.012 for poligalen; the selectivity indexes were 78.71 and 609.76, respectively. Inverse virtual screening in the BRAMMT database by OCTOPUS 1.2 was applied to coumarins to find potential P. falciparum targets and showed higher affinity energy of auraptene for purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PfPNP) and of poligalen for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH). Molecular Dynamics studies (MD and MM-GBSA) approach were applied to calculate binding energies against selected P. falciparum targets and showed that all coumarins were stable at the binding site during simulations. Furthermore, energies were favorable for complexation. This is the first report of auraptene in P. boliviensis species and of in vitro antiplasmodial activity of auraptene and poligalen. In silico studies indicated that the mechanism of action of coumarins is the inhibition of PfPNP and PfDHODH.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Figuerêdo da Silva
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Lima de Souza
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Diego Mota da Costa
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - David Bacelar Costa
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Otávio Lourenço Moreira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Bioquímica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda Luisa da Fonseca
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Bioquímica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Pilla Varotti
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Bioquímica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Clayton Queiroz Alves
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Franco Henrique Andrade Leite
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Hugo Neves Brandão
- Departamento de Saúde, Laboratório de Bioprospecção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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Epifano F, Genovese S, Palumbo L, Collevecchio C, Fiorito S. Protection of Mitochondrial Potential and Activity by Oxyprenylated Phenylpropanoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020259. [PMID: 36829818 PMCID: PMC9952183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of five naturally occurring oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids, namely, the coumarins auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) 1 and 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 2, and the coumaric acid and ferulic acid derivatives, 4'-isopentenyloxycoumaric acid 3, boropinic acid 4, and 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid 5 were tested for their effects on mitochondrial functionality using the organophosphate pesticides glyphosate and chlorpyrifos, and resveratrol, as the reference. While not showing an appreciable in vitro antioxidant activity, and virtually no or a little effect on the viability of non-cancer cell lines BEAS-2B and SHSY-5Y, all phytochemicals exhibited a marked protective effect on mitochondrial potential and activity, with values that were comparable to resveratrol. Auraptene 1 and 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 2 were seen to be the most effective secondary metabolite to this concern, in particular in being able to completely abolish the decrease of mitochondrial potential induced by increasing concentration of both glyphosate and chlorpyrifos. All the compounds tested also exhibited a protective effect on mitochondrial activity. The potency displayed will shed more light on the molecular basis of the beneficial effects of auraptene, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, and structurally related oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids reported to date in the literature.
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Liu JQ, Wang FQ, Huang S, Chen L, Zhou XL. Chemical constituents from n-butanol fraction of pericarps of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mannan A, Singh TG, Singh V, Garg N, Kaur A, Singh M. Insights into the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Neurological Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:286-310. [PMID: 34238153 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210707120256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of monoamines and other proteins. MAO's hyperactivation results in the massive generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and depression-like disorders. Although synthetic MAO inhibitors are clinically available, they are associated with side effects such as hepatotoxicity, cheese reaction, hypertensive crisis, and so on, necessitating the investigation of alternative MAO inhibitors from a natural source with a safe profile. Herbal medications have a significant impact on the prevention of many diseases; additionally, they have fewer side effects and serve as a precursor for drug development. This review discusses the potential of herbal MAO inhibitors as well as their associated mechanism of action, with an aim to foster future research on herbal MAO inhibitors as potential treatment for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Rehuman NA, Mathew B, Jat RK, Nicolotti O, Kim H. A Comprehensive Review of Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitors in their Syntheses and Potencies. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:898-914. [PMID: 32342809 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200428091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a crucial role during the development of various neurodegenerative disorders. There are two MAO isozymes, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is a flavoenzyme, which binds to the outer mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the oxidative transformations of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Focus on synthetic studies has culminated in the preparation of many MAOA inhibitors, and advancements in combinatorial and parallel synthesis have accelerated the developments of synthetic schemes. Here, we provided an overview of the synthetic protocols employed to prepare different classes of MAO-A inhibitors. We classified these inhibitors according to their molecular scaffolds and the synthetic methods used. RESULTS Various synthetic and natural derivatives from a different class of MAO-A inhibitors were reported. CONCLUSION The review provides a valuable tool for the development of a new class of various selective MAO-A inhibitors for the treatment of depression and other anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha A Rehuman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682, India
| | - Rakesh K Jat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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Mottaghipisheh J, Kúsz N, Hohmann J, Tsai YC, Csupor D. Isolation of secondary metabolites from the Iranian medicinal plant Eremurus persicus. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:43-47. [PMID: 32681789 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eremurus persicus (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. belonging to Xanthorrhoeaceae family is an endemic medicinal plant widely distributed in Iran. Its leaves have been traditionally used as a food and also as medicinal plant. Regarding the widespread application of E. persicus in Iranian folk medicine, and the insignificant investigation of its components, this study aimed at the isolation and identification of major secondary metabolites of this plant. By applying various chromatographic techniques, corchoionoside A (1), 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one (2), isoorientin (3), ziganein 5-methyl ether (4), auraptene (5), and imperatorin (6) were isolated from the EtOAc and CHCl3 fractions of the crude extract. Except isoorientin (3), all the identified phytoconstituents were reported for the first time from Eremurus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yu-Chi Tsai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Kozioł E, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Michalak A, Kaszubska K, Budzyńska B. Xanthotoxin reverses Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in zebrafish larvae and mice models: a comparative study. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:122-129. [PMID: 32700246 PMCID: PMC7862530 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to preliminary evaluate the antiparkinsonian activity of furanocoumarin—xanthotoxin, in two behavioral animal models, zebrafish larvae treated with 6-hydroxydopamine and mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in order to compare both models. Methods Xanthotoxin was isolated from Pastinaca sativa L. (Apiaceae) fruits. Then, the compound was administered by immersion to zebrafish 5 days after fertilization (dpf) larvae or intraperitoneally to male Swiss mice, as a potential therapeutic agent against locomotor impairments. Results Acute xanthotoxin administration at the concentration of 7.5 µM reversed locomotor activity impairments in 5-dpf zebrafish larvae. In mice model, acute xanthotoxin administration alleviated movement impairments at the concentration of 25 mg/kg. Conclusions The similar activity of the same substance in two different animal models indicates their compatibility and proves the potential of in vivo bioassays based on zebrafish models. Results of our study indicate that xanthotoxin may be considered as a potential lead compound in the discovery of antiparkinsonian drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kozioł
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaszubska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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14
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Etemad L, Zamani M, Iranshahi M, Roohbakhsh A. The Protective Effect of Auraptene Against Oxidative Stress and Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Chemical Kindling in Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:1395-1402. [PMID: 32641949 PMCID: PMC6934955 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that some pitfalls in the treatment of epilepsy such as serious side effects of medications and drug resistance may be resolved by natural compounds. Auraptene belongs to coumarins and is found in citrus peel. We hypothesized that auraptene might have anticonvulsant properties. Kindling was induced by repeated intraperitoneal (IP) injections of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 35 mg/kg) with two-day intervals for 24 days in male albino mice. Three groups received IP injections of auraptene (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg). Three control groups received vehicle, diazepam (3 mg/kg, IP), and vitamin E (150 mg/kg, IP). Seizure-related behaviors were recorded for 30 min after PTZ injection. Moreover, malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in the brain. The results indicated that auraptene at the dose of 12.5 mg/kg and vitamin E significantly prolonged the latency to stage 2 of seizures (P < 0.01). Auraptene at the doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, prolonged the latency to stage 4 (P < 0.01) and reduced stage 5 duration of seizures (P < 0.01). All doses of auraptene reduced median of seizure scores (P < 0.01). The kindled control group had MDA levels similar to intact animals but had a lower concentration of GSH (P < 0.001). None of the tested compounds changed the malondialdehyde concentration significantly. However, auraptene at the dose of 50 mg/kg and vitamin E increased GSH levels (P < 0.05). The results suggest that auraptene had anticonvulsant effects in PTZ-induced chemical kindling that was mediated by mechanisms other than the antioxidant effect of auraptene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Zamani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Randjelović PJ, Radulović NS, Stojanović NM, Dekić VS, Dekić BR, Stojiljković NI, Ilić SM. Anxiolytic-Like Action of Selected 4-(Alkylamino)-3-nitrocoumarin Derivatives in BALB/c Mice. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000206. [PMID: 32302446 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we explored the possible polypharmacological potential of the already established antimicrobials against gastrointestinal pathogens, 4-(alkylamino)-3-nitrocoumarins, as antianxiety agents, using a battery of in vivo experiments. Three chosen coumarin derivatives, differing in the substituent (sec-butylamino, hexadecylamino, or benzylamino) at position 4, at the doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg kg-1 , were evaluated in light/dark, open-field, horizontal wire and diazepam-induced sleep models using male BALB/c mice. Depending on the applied dose, all three tested coumarins displayed a noteworthy anxiolytic-like effect. 4-(sec-Butylamino)-3-nitro-2H-chromen-2-one and 4-(hexadecylamino)-3-nitro-2H-chromen-2-one could be recognized as true anxiolytics in the lowest applied dose, based on three tests, without exerting any sedative effects. Thus, the 3-nitrocoumarin core deserves further chemical diversity exploration in the 'antianxiety' direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle J Randjelović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Niko S Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola M Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vidoslav S Dekić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica, Lole Ribara 29, 38220, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Biljana R Dekić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica, Lole Ribara 29, 38220, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Nenad I Stojiljković
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Sonja M Ilić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000, Niš, Serbia
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16
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Rutamarin: Efficient Liquid-Liquid Chromatographic Isolation from Ruta graveolens L. and Evaluation of Its In Vitro and In Silico MAO-B Inhibitory Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112678. [PMID: 32527030 PMCID: PMC7321355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring coumarins are a group of compounds with many documented central nervous system (CNS) activities. However, dihydrofuranocoumarins have been infrequently investigated for their bioactivities at CNS level. Within the frame of this study, an efficient liquid–liquid chromatography method was developed to rapidly isolate rutamarin from Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) dichloromethane extract (DCM). The crude DCM (9.78 mg/mL) and rutamarin (6.17 µM) were found to be effective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) with inhibition percentages of 89.98% and 95.26%, respectively. The inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) for the DCM extract was almost the same (88.22%). However, for rutamarin, it significantly dropped to 25.15%. To examine the molecular interaction of rutamarin with hMAO- B, an in silico evaluation was implemented. A docking study was performed for the two enantiomers (R)-rutamarin and (S)-rutamarin. The (S)-rutamarin was found to bind stronger to the hMAO-B binging cavity.
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17
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Natural Products, Traditional Uses and Pharmacological Activities of the Genus Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050595. [PMID: 32392890 PMCID: PMC7285204 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been known as a rich source of natural products (NPs). Due to their diverse chemical structures and remarkable pharmacological activities, NPs are regarded as important repertoires for drug discovery and development. Biebersteinia plant species belong to the Biebersteiniaceae family, and have been used in folk medicines in China and Iran for ages. However, the chemical properties, bioactivities and modes of action of the NPs produced by medicinal Biebersteinia species are poorly understood despite the fact that there are only four known Biebersteinia species worldwide. Here, we reviewed the chemical classifications and diversity of the various NPs found in the four known Biebersteinia species. We found that the major chemical categories in these plants include flavonoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, essential oils and fatty acids. We also discussed the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic effects of the four Biebersteinia species. We believe that the present review will facilitate the exploration of traditional uses and pharmacological properties of Biebersteinia species, extraction of the NPs and elucidation of their molecular mechanisms, as well as the development of novel drugs based on the reported properties and mode-of-action.
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18
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Choi M, Yi JK, Kim SY, Ryu JH, Lee J, Kwon W, Jang S, Kim D, Kim M, Kim H, Kim SH, Choi SK, Ryoo ZY. Anti-inflammatory effects of a methanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. root bark on imiquimod-induced psoriasis. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:347. [PMID: 31791315 PMCID: PMC6889627 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. has been successfully used for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema and pruritus. However, the anti-psoriatic effect of this plant has not until now been investigated. METHODS The aim of this project was to investigate whether a methanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. root bark (MEDD) can be used as a therapeutic agent for psoriasis in C57BL/6 mice model of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis. IMQ and MEDD was applied to mouse skin continuously for 7 days. The skin phenotype and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17, were analyzed. The immune cell population was determined by flow cytometry, and STAT1 and 3 protein levels were measured. RESULTS An alleviation of scaly skin phenotype, immune cell infiltration in the dermis, and epidermal hyperplasia was observed after daily MEDD treatment in the lesion-affected area. It was also found that MEDD reduced IL-17 cytokine levels decreased by 44.37% (p < 0.05), the number of IL-17-producing Th17 cells and γδT cells, and the size of the Th1 population secreting IFN-γ decreased by 45.98, 62.21, and 44.42%, respectively (p < 0.05), compared with the vehicle control group. STAT3 signals, associated with IL-17 are also reduced by MEDD. CONCLUSIONS An anti-psoriatic effect of MEDD was observed, as determined by decreased skin inflammation, reduced number of inflammatory cytokines, and a smaller population of inflammatory cells. These results contribute to the validation of the use of MEDD in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Seong SH, Ali MY, Jung HA, Choi JS. Umbelliferone derivatives exert neuroprotective effects by inhibiting monoamine oxidase A, self-amyloidβ aggregation, and lipid peroxidation. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Tang SW, Tang WH, Leonard BE. Herbal medicine for psychiatric disorders: Psychopharmacology and neuroscience-based nomenclature. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019. [PMID: 28649903 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1346279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Herbs are frequently and concurrently used with prescribed drugs by patients worldwide. While clinical trials have found some herbs to be as useful as standard psychiatric drugs, most clinicians are unaware of their pharmacological mechanisms.Methods: We searched English language and other language literature with English abstracts listed in PubMed website, supplemented by additional through Google Scholar's free academic paper abstract website for publications on herbs, focussing on their clinical use in mental disorders, their neurobiology and their pharmacology.Results: A major reason for herbs remaining outside of mainstream psychiatry is that the terminology and concepts in herbal medicine are not familiar to psychiatrists in general. Many publications regarding the use of herbal medicine for psychiatric disorders are deficient in details regarding diagnosis, criteria for response and the neurobiology details compared with publications on standard psychotropic drugs. Nomenclature for herbal medicine is usually confusing and is not conducive to an easy understanding of their mode of action in psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: The recent neuroscience-based nomenclature (NbN) for psychotropics methodology would be a logical application to herbal medicine in facilitating a better understanding of the use of herbal medicine in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu W Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wayne H Tang
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Brian E Leonard
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Pharmacology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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21
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Zhao YL, Yang XW, Wu BF, Shang JH, Liu YP, Luo XD. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Pomelo Peel and Its Bioactive Coumarins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8810-8818. [PMID: 31318199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck is a popular fruit cultivated around the world, and its peels are sometimes used for the treatment of cough, abdominal pain, and indigestion in China. However, the peel is discarded after fruit consumption in most cases, and its chemical constituents and biological activities have not been validated before. The present study focused on evaluation of the chemical and pharmacological profile of coumarins from peels of C. grandis against inflammation. The extracts and phytochemicals from peels of C. grandis were prepared, and anti-inflammatory activities were carried out in vivo and in vitro, including inhibiting xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and the production of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β, prostaglandin 2, and tumor-necrosis factor α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results indicated that methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and four major coumarins (compounds 7, 8, 13, and 16) inhibited swelling induced by xylene and carrageenan, separately, in vivo. Furthermore, 18 coumarins inhibited inflammatory factor secretion in macrophages primed by LPS, in which compounds 4, 6, 7, 10, 17 showed the most pronounced change, which were comparable to dexamethasone. In summary, peel of C. grandis showed an anti-inflammatory effect and coumarin compounds were responsible for regulating inflammatory mediators and cytokines, which might provide a novel nutritional strategy for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan 650091 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Fen Wu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine , Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan 650091 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
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22
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Baek SC, Kang MG, Park JE, Lee JP, Lee H, Ryu HW, Park CM, Park D, Cho ML, Oh SR, Kim H. Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:839-843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Baek SC, Park MH, Ryu HW, Lee JP, Kang MG, Park D, Park CM, Oh SR, Kim H. Rhamnocitrin isolated from Prunus padus var. seoulensis: A potent and selective reversible inhibitor of human monoamine oxidase A. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:317-325. [PMID: 30396116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three flavanones and two flavones were isolated from the leaves of Prunus padus var. seoulensis by the activity-guided screening for new monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Among the compounds isolated, rhamnocitrin (5) was found to potently and selectively inhibit human MAO-A (hMAO-A, IC50 = 0.051 µM) and effectively inhibit hMAO-B (IC50 = 2.97 µM). The IC50 value of 5 for hMAO-A was the lowest amongst all natural flavonoids reported to date, and the potency was 20.2 times higher than that of toloxatone (1.03 µM), a marketed drug. In addition, 5 reversibly and competitively inhibited hMAO-A and hMAO-B with Ki values of 0.030 and 0.91 µM, respectively. Genkwanin (4) was also observed to strongly inhibit hMAO-A and hMAO-B (IC50 = 0.14 and 0.35 µM, respectively), and competitively inhibit hMAO-A and hMAO-B (Ki = 0.097 and 0.12 µM, respectively). Molecular docking simulation reveals that the binding affinity of 5 with hMAO-A (-18.49 kcal/mol) is higher than that observed with hMAO-B (0.19 kcal/mol). Compound 5 interacts with hMAO-A at four possible residues (Asn181, Gln215, Thr336, and Tyr444), while hMAO-B forms a single hydrogen bond at Glu84. These findings suggest that compound 5 as well as 4 can be considered as novel potent and reversible hMAO-A and/or hMAO-B inhibitors or useful lead compounds for future development of hMAO inhibitors in neurological disorder therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gyun Kang
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Min Park
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Chang FR, Li PS, Huang Liu R, Hu HC, Hwang TL, Lee JC, Chen SL, Wu YC, Cheng YB. Bioactive Phenolic Components from the Twigs of Atalantia buxifolia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1534-1539. [PMID: 29975532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Five new compounds named buxifoximes A-C (1-3), buxifobenzoate (4), and 7- O-(7'-peroxygeranyl) coumarin (5), together with 25 known compounds, were identified from the twigs of Atalantia buxifolia. Compounds 1-3 are unique secondary metabolites with the aldoxime functionality. The structures of the isolates were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, and the structure of 1 was confirmed by an X-ray single-crystallographic analysis. With respect to bioactivity, antidengue virus, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of all purified compounds were tested and evaluated. Compound 1 showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting superoxide anion generation with an IC50 value of 4.8 ± 0.7 μM. Among the acridone alkaloids, 5-hydroxy- N-methylseverifoline (23) exhibited antidengue activity (IC50 = 5.3 ± 0.4 μM), and atalaphyllinine (20) demonstrated cytotoxicity (IC50 = 6.5 ± 0.0 μM) against the human liver cancer cell line, HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Rong Chang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Taipei 112 , Taiwan
| | | | - Rosa Huang Liu
- School of Nutrition, College of Health Care and Management , Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung 402 , Taiwan
| | | | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Department of Medical Research , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung 807 , Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Department of Medical Research , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung 807 , Taiwan
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Zanforlin E, Zagotto G, Ribaudo G. The Medicinal Chemistry of Natural and Semisynthetic Compounds against Parkinson's and Huntington's Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2356-2368. [PMID: 28862431 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS), neurodegenerations attract the interest of both the clinician and the medicinal chemist. The increasing average age of population, the growing number of patients, and the lack of long-term effective remedies push ahead the quest for novel tools against this class of pathologies. We present a review on the state of the art of the molecules (or combination of molecules) of natural origin that are currently under study against two well-defined pathologies: Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Nowadays, very few tools are available for preventing or counteracting the progression of such diseases. Two major parameters were considered for the preparation of this review: particular attention was reserved to these research works presenting well-defined molecular mechanisms for the studied compounds, and where available, papers reporting in vivo data were preferred. A literature search for peer-reviewed articles using PubMed, Scopus, and Reaxys databases was performed, exploiting different keywords and logical operators: 91 papers were considered (preferentially published after 2015). The review presents a brief overview on the etiology of the studied neurodegenerations and the current treatments, followed by a detailed discussion of the natural and semisynthetic compounds dividing them in different paragraphs considering their several mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Zanforlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
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Lee HW, Ryu HW, Kang MG, Park D, Lee H, Shin HM, Oh SR, Kim H. Potent inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by decursin from Angelica gigas Nakai and by wogonin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 97:598-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Sun JB, Wang P, Liang JY, Chen L. Phytochemical and chemotaxonomic study on Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don ex Sweet (Rutaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Lee HW, Ryu HW, Kang MG, Park D, Oh SR, Kim H. Potent selective monoamine oxidase B inhibition by maackiain, a pterocarpan from the roots of Sophora flavescens. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4714-4719. [PMID: 27575476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidation of monoamines and its two isoforms, MAO-A and MAO-B, break down neurotransmitter amines. Of the compounds isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens, (-)-maackiain (4), a pterocarpan, was found to potently and selectively inhibit human MAO-B, with an IC50 of 0.68μM, and to have a selectivity index of 126.2 for MAO-B. As compared with other herbal natural products, the IC50 value of 4 for MAO-B is one of the lowest reported to date. Genistein (1) highly, effectively and non-selectively inhibited MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 values of 3.9μM and 4.1μM, respectively. (-)-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan (2) effectively and non-selectively inhibited MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 values of 20.3μM and 10.3μM, respectively. In addition, compound 4 reversibly and competitively inhibited MAO-B with a Ki value of 0.054μM. Molecular docking simulation revealed that the binding affinity of 4 for MAO-B (-26.6kcal/mol) was greater than its affinity for MAO-A (-8.3kcal/mol), which was in-line with our inhibitory activity findings. Furthermore, Cys172 of MAO-B was found to be a key residue for hydrogen bonding with compound 4. The findings of this study suggest compound 4 be viewed as a new potent, selective, and reversible MAO-B inhibitor, and that compounds 1 and 2 be considered useful lead compounds for the developments of nonselective and reversible MAO inhibitors for the treatment of disorders like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer disease, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gyun Kang
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Budzynska B, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Kruk-Slomka M, Wydrzynska-Kuzma M, Biala G. In vivo modulation of the behavioral effects of nicotine by the coumarins xanthotoxin, bergapten, and umbelliferone. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2289-300. [PMID: 27080866 PMCID: PMC4873531 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nicotine, a dominant alkaloid found in tobacco, is responsible for physical dependence, as well as addiction to cigarette smoking; consequently, smoking cessation is a very difficult process. Hepatic cytochrome P-450 2A6 (CYP2A6) is involved in the 70-80 % of the initial metabolism of nicotine and its co-metabolites. As this metabolism is slowed by inhibitors of CYP2A6, this kind of enzymatic inhibition has been proposed as a novel target for smoking cessation. OBJECTIVES Nicotine administered alone improved memory acquisition and consolidation as well as exerted antidepressive activity in animal models. These effects persist for 24 h. However, they are completely extinguished 48 h after administration. METHODS To investigate if the coumarins prolong the behavioral effects of nicotine, the forced swimming test (FST)-animal models of depression, and passive avoidance (PA) test-memory and learning paradigm were used. RESULTS This study revealed that three CYP2A6 inhibitors: two furanocoumarins, xanthotoxin (15 mg/kg) and bergapten (25 mg/kg), and the simple coumarin umbelliferone (25 mg/kg), prolonged the antidepressive and procognitive effects of nicotine. CONCLUSIONS These natural products may offer a new approach to the treatment of nicotinism as antidepressant and memory improvement actions are one of the main factors of nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Budzynska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- />Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Kruk-Slomka
- />Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Grazyna Biala
- />Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Skalicka-Woźniak K, Orhan IE, Cordell GA, Nabavi SM, Budzyńska B. Implication of coumarins towards central nervous system disorders. Pharmacol Res 2015; 103:188-203. [PMID: 26657416 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are widely distributed, plant-derived, 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivatives which have attracted intense interest in recent years as a result of their diverse and potent pharmacological properties. Particularly, their effects on the central nervous system (CNS) have been established. The present review discusses the most important pharmacological effects of natural and synthetic coumarins on the CNS, including their interactions with benzodiazepine receptors, their dopaminergic and serotonergic affinity, and their ability to inhibit cholinesterases and monoamine oxidases. The structure-activity relationships pertaining to these effects are also discussed. This review posits that natural or synthetic coumarins have the potential for development in the therapy of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, schizophrenia, anxiety, epilepsy, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL 60203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of FL, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
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Park HS, Hong NR, Ahn TS, Kim H, Jung MH, Kim BJ. Apoptosis of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells by methanolic extract of Dictamnus. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S329-36. [PMID: 26664023 PMCID: PMC4653345 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.165994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz has traditionally been used in East Asia to treat skin diseases such as eczema, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. However, it has also been reported to exhibit an anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-cancer effects of a methanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus root bark (MEDD) on AGS cells (a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line). MATERIALS AND METHODS An 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium assay, a caspase activity assay, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurements, and western blotting were used to investigate the anti-cancer effects of MEDD on AGS cells. RESULTS Treatment with MEDD significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited AGS cell growth. MEDD treatment in AGS cells led to increased accumulation of apoptotic sub-G1 phase cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, MEDD reduced the expressions of pro-caspase-3, -8 and -9, and increased the active form of caspase-3. Furthermore, subsequent Western blotting revealed elevated levels of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein. MEDD treatment reduced levels of MMP and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins. Pretreatment with SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases), SP600125 (a potent inhibitor of C-Jun N-terminal kinases), or PD98059 (a potent inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinases) did not modify the effects of MEDD treatment. However, pretreatment with LY294002 (a specific inhibitor of Akt) significantly enhanced MEDD-induced cell death. CONCLUSION These results suggest that MEDD-mediated cell death is associated with the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and that inhibition of Akt signaling contributes to apoptosis induction by MEDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Park
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Noo Ri Hong
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Seok Ahn
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ho Jung
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
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Lv M, Xu P, Tian Y, Liang J, Gao Y, Xu F, Zhang Z, Sun J. Medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Dictamnus (Rutaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 171:247-63. [PMID: 26068434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Seven species from the genus Dictamnus are distributed throughout Europe and North Asia and only two species grow in China. One is Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., which could be found in many areas of China and has been recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The other is Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don ex Sweet, which is only present in Xinjiang province and has been used as an alternative for Dictamnus dasycarpus in the local for the treatment of rheumatism, bleeding, itching, jaundice, chronic hepatitis and skin diseases. The present paper reviewed the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the genus Dictamnus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on the Dictamnus species was collected from classic books about Chinese herbal medicine and globally accepted scientific databases including PubMed, Elsevier, ASC, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI and others. RESULTS About 170 chemical compounds, which include quinoline alkaloids, limonoids, sesquiterpenes, coumarins, flavonoids and steroids, have been isolated from the genus Dictamnus. The characteristic and active constituents of Dictamnus species are considered to be quinoline alkaloids and limonoids, which exhibited a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-microbe, anti-platelet-aggregation, vascular-relaxation, anti-insect, anti-HIV, anti-allergy and neuroprotection. Moreover, quinoline alkaloids and limonoids could be used as quality control markers to distinguish different species from the genus Dictamnus. However, there were also some reports on the toxic hepatitis and phototoxic effect of Dictamnus species, and the related research needs to be further studied. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarized the chemical constituents, pharmacology, quality control and toxicology of the species from genus Dictamnus. Phytochemical investigations indicated that quinoline alkaloids and limonoids were the major bioactive components with potential cytotoxic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-platelet-aggregation and vascular relaxing activities. These two kinds of compounds have attracted great interests in the past few years and may have great potential to be new drug lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingyu Liang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yiqiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jianbo Sun
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Kim N, Cho KW, Hong SS, Hwang BY, Chun T, Lee D. Antiproliferative glabretal-type triterpenoids from the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 25:621-5. [PMID: 25537268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Four new glabretal-type triterpenoids, dictabretols A-D (1-4), were isolated by activity-guided fractionation from the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus T. (Rutaceae) using an in vitro antiproliferative assay on T cells using splenocytes. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR experiments. Compounds were evaluated for their immunosuppressive activity on T cells and demonstrated inhibition of proliferation of activated T cells, up to IC50 of 1.5μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyun Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Cho
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Natural Products Research Institute, Gyeonggi Institute of Science and Technology Promotion, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Chun
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongho Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Hong S, Lee HA, Kim DW, Oh GW, Kim O. Anticoccidial effects of the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz extract on experimental Eimeria tenella infection. Lab Anim Res 2014; 30:169-73. [PMID: 25628727 PMCID: PMC4306704 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2014.30.4.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticoccidial effects of the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz (Rutaceae) extract (DDE) were evaluated in chickens following oral infection with Eimeria (E.) tenella. Three-day-old chickens (n=30) were assigned to three groups (control, untreated, and DDE 0.1% treated). Chickens were fed a standard diet supplemented with or without DDE for 1 week prior to infection with E. tenella (10,000 sporulated oocysts per chicken). The effects of DDE on E. tenella infection were assessed by two parameters; fecal oocysts shedding and body weights gain. The DDE-fed chickens produced significantly reduced fecal oocysts (P<0.05) when compared to the E. tenella-infected group fed standard diet. Also, DDE-based diet, improved body weight loss caused by E. tenella infection. Our data demonstrated that DDE had remarkable anticoccidial activities against E. tenella. This finding might have implications for the development of anticoccidial drug. This study is the first to demonstrate anticoccidial effect of DDE on Eimeria parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhwa Hong
- Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hyun-A Lee
- Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Kim
- Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Gi-Wook Oh
- Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Okjin Kim
- Center for Animal Resources Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
- Institute of Animal Experiment & Efficacy Evaluation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
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Ghosh C, Hong B, Batabyal S, Jeon TI, Yang SH, Hwang SG. Anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus leaf in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:330. [PMID: 25182043 PMCID: PMC4161857 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Dictamnus dasycarpus is widely used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of eczema, rheumatism, and other inflammatory diseases in Asia. The current study investigates the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of the ethanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus leaf (DE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methods Nitric oxide (NO) production was assessed by Griess reaction and the mRNA and protein expressions of pro inflammatory cytokines, transcription factor, and enzymes were determined by real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis. Results DE (0.5 and 1 mg/mL) suppressed the NO production by 10 and 33%, respectively, compared to the untreated group in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. DE (0.5 and 1 mg/mL) reduced the mRNA expression of key transcription factor nuclear factor-κB by 7 and 24%, respectively compared to the untreated group in LPS activated macrophage. The pro inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β were also decreased by DE treatment. Moreover, the protein expression of pro inflammatory enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 were also dramatically attenuated by DE in a dose dependent manner. Conclusions These results suggest that Dictamnus dasycarpus leaf has a potent anti-inflammatory activity and can be used for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents.
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Mertens MD, Hinz S, Müller CE, Gütschow M. Alkynyl–coumarinyl ethers as MAO-B inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:1916-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Monsef-Esfahani HR, Amini M, Goodarzi N, Saiedmohammadi F, Hajiaghaee R, Faramarzi MA, Tofighi Z, Ghahremani MH. Coumarin compounds of Biebersteinia multifida roots show potential anxiolytic effects in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:51. [PMID: 23803166 PMCID: PMC3707806 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-21-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional preparations of the root of Biebersteinia multifida DC (Geraniaceae), a native medicinal plant of Irano-Turanian floristic region, have been used for the treatment of phobias as anxiolytic herbal preparation. METHODS We utilized the phobic behavior of mice in an elevated plus-maze as a model to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of the plant extract and bio-guided fractionation was applied to isolate the active compounds. Total root extract, alkaline and ether fraction were administered to mice at different doses 30 and 90 min prior to the maze test. Saline and diazepam were administered as negative and positive controls, respectively. The time spent in open and closed arms, an index of anxiety behavior and entry time, was measured as an index of animal activity. RESULTS The total root extract exhibited anxiolytic effect which was comparable to diazepam but with longer duration. This sustained effect of the crude extract was sustained for 90 min and was even more after injection of 45 mg/kg while the effect of diazepam had been reduced by 90 min. The anxiolytic effect factor was only present in the alkaline fraction and displayed its effect at lower doses than diazepam while pure vasicinone as the previously known alkaloid did not shown anxiolytic effect. The effect of the alkaline fraction was in a dose dependent manner starting at 0.2 mg/kg with a maximum at 1.0 mg/kg. Bio-guided fractionation using a variety of chromatographic methods led to isolation and purification of three coumarin derivatives from the bioactive fraction, including umbelliferone, scopoletin, and ferulic acid. CONCLUSION For the first time, bio-guided fractionation of the root extract of B. multifida indicates significant sustained anxiolytic effects which led to isolation of three coumarin derivatives with well-known potent MAO inhibitory and anti-anxiety effects. These data contribute to evidence-based traditional use of B. multifida root for anxiety disorders.
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Patil PO, Bari SB, Firke SD, Deshmukh PK, Donda ST, Patil DA. A comprehensive review on synthesis and designing aspects of coumarin derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression and Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2434-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang P, Sun J, Gao E, Zhao Y, Qu W, Yu Z. Simultaneous determination of limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in rat plasma by a validated UHPLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Cortex Dictamni extract. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 928:44-51. [PMID: 23611843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and selective ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of four major ingredients in Cortex Dictamni extract, including limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in rats plasma. Nimodipine was used as the internal standard. Following extraction by methyl tert-butyl ether, the analytes were separated on a Thermo Syncronis C18 column by a gradient elution within a runtime of 9min. The mobile phase consisted of A (methanol) and B (2mmol/L ammonium acetate in water). The detection was accomplished by using positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was linear for all analytes over investigated range with all correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. The lower limits of quantification were 9.18ng/mL for limonin, 12.0ng/mL for dictamnine, 16.05ng/mL for obacunone and 4.59ng/mL for fraxinellone. The intra- and inter-day precision (RSD%) was within 10% and the accuracy (RE%) ranged from -12.9% to 9.7%. This rapid and sensitive method was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in the rat plasma after oral administration of Cortex Dictamni extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Subramaniam SR, Ellis EM. Neuroprotective effects of umbelliferone and esculetin in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Inhibitory activity of coumarins from Artemisia capillaris against advanced glycation endproduct formation. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1021-35. [PMID: 22870812 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Since glycation can lead to the onset of diabetic complications due to chronic hyperglycemia, several indigenous Artemisia species were evaluated as potential inhibitors of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE). Among them, the Artemisia capillaris plant demonstrated the highest AGE inhibitory activity. Repeated column chromatography was performed to isolate a new acylated flavonoid glycoside, acacetin-7-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, along with 11 known flavonoids (acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, linarin, quercetin, hyperoside, isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin 3-galactoside, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-arabinoside, isorhamnetin 3-robinobioside, arcapillin, and cirsilineol), six coumarins (umbelliferone, esculetin, scopoletin, scopolin, isoscopolin, and scoparone), and two phenolic derivatives (4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid). In determining the structure-activity relationship (SAR), it was found that the presence and position of hydroxyl group of test coumarins (coumarin, esculin, isoscopoletin, daphnetin, 4-methylcoumarin, and six isolated coumarins) may play a crucial role in AGE inhibition. A free hydroxyl group at C-7 and a glucosyl group instead of a methoxyl group at C-6 are two important parameters for the inhibitory potential of coumarins on AGE formation. A. capillaris and five key AGE inhibitors, including 4,5-di-Ocaffeoylquinic acid, umbelliferone, esculetin, esculin, and scopoletin, were identified as potential candidates for use as therapeutic or preventive agents for diabetic complications and oxidative stress-related diseases. We understand this to be the first detailed study on the SAR of coumarins in AGE inhibition.
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Herrera-Ruiz M, González-Carranza A, Zamilpa A, Jiménez-Ferrer E, Huerta-Reyes M, Navarro-García VM. The standardized extract of Loeselia mexicana possesses anxiolytic activity through the γ-amino butyric acid mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 138:261-267. [PMID: 21979412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Loeselia mexicana (Lam.) Brand has been used in Mexican Traditional Medicine to treat "espanto" or "susto" (fear), which is a culturally affiliated syndrome whose symptomatology comprises loss of appetite, difficulty in sleeping, and also nausea and fatigue, with a sensation of fear or risk - real or imagined - to external stimuli. AIM OF THE STUDY The anxiolytic effect of the standardized methanol extract of Loeselia mexicana, with regard to its content of coumarin daphnoretin, was researched utilizing the elevated plus maze (EPM) in order to demonstrate whether the biological effect produced by the plant is antagonized by drugs that block γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanolic extract of Loeselia mexicana (LmMeOH) was tested at different doses on the EPM and then the interaction of this extract was evaluated in the same model with different GABAergic drugs, such as flumazenil (FLU) 10mg/kg, bicuculline (BIC) 5mg/kg, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) 10mg/kg, and picrotoxin (PTX) 2mg/kg. The effect of all of these treatments was evaluated by means of the open field test (OFT). Coumarin content was measured by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. RESULTS The 200- and 400-mg/kg doses of methanolic extract containing 3.14 and 6.28 mg of daphnoretin, respectively, induced an anxiolytic effect in the EPM without modification of the spontaneous motor activity. The anxiolytic activity of 200mg/kg of methanolic extract in EPM-exposed mice was antagonized by PTX, BIC, and FLU, but not by PTZ. CONCLUSION The data presented here indicate that the Loeselia mexicana Brand methanolic extract possesses a significant anxiolytic effect that appears to be mediated in part by activation of the GABAergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Departamento de Pharmacology and Chemistry of Medicinal Plants, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina 1, Col. Centro, 62790 Xochitpec, Morelos, Mexico
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Gao X, Zhao PH, Hu JF. Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Dictamnus. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:1234-44. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jung HA, Islam MN, Kwon YS, Jin SE, Son YK, Park JJ, Sohn HS, Choi JS. Extraction and identification of three major aldose reductase inhibitors from Artemisia montana. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:376-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kim JH, Park YM, Shin JS, Park SJ, Choi JH, Jung HJ, Park HJ, Lee KT. Fraxinellone Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Negatively Regulating Nuclear Factor-kappa B in RAW 264.7 Macrophages Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:1062-8. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
| | - Young-Mi Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
| | - Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
| | - Seung Jae Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
| | - Hyun-Ju Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, Wonkwang University
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University
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Yoon JS, Sung SH, Kim YC. Neuroprotective limonoids of root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:208-211. [PMID: 18198838 DOI: 10.1021/np070588o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A methanolic extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus root bark afforded four new degraded limonoids, 9alpha-hydroxyfraxinellone-9- O-beta- d-glucoside ( 1), dictamnusine ( 2), dictamdiol A ( 3), and dictamdiol B ( 4), together with eight known compounds, dictamdiol ( 5), fraxinellone ( 6), fraxinellonone ( 7), 9beta-hydroxyfraxinellone ( 8), calodendrolide ( 9), obacunone ( 10), limonin ( 11), and rutaevin ( 12). Compounds, 2, 3, 6, 9, 10, and 11 showed significant neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical cells at a concentration of 0.1 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Seon Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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