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El-Elimat T, Al-Qiam R, Burdette JE, Al Sharie AH, Al-Gharaibeh M, Oberlies NH. Homoisoflavonoids from the bulbs of Bellevalia longipes and an assessment of their potential cytotoxic activity. Phytochemistry 2022; 203:113343. [PMID: 35963294 PMCID: PMC9795560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seven undescribed homoisoflavonoids were identified from the bulbs of Bellevalia longipes Post (Asparagaceae) as well as thirteen known and one natural homoisoflavonoid that had been reported as a synthetic product previously. A general approach for recognizing homoisoflavonoids via NMR spectroscopy data were presented. The undescribed compounds were: 8-dehydroxy-5-O-demethyl-6-hydroxyscillapersicone, 6-methoxyscillapersicone, 5-O-demethyl-6-methoxyscillapersicone, 8-O-methylscillapersicone, 4'-O-methylscillapersicone, 4',8-O,O-dimethylscillapersicone, 3'-O-methylscillapersicone, and 3-hydroxy-desmethylophiopogonanone A. Structures were determined based on analysis of HRMS and NMR data, while absolute configurations were assigned using ECD spectroscopy. Human cancer cell lines were used to assess the cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds, where 3-dehydroxy-3'-hydroxyeucomol showed IC50 values of 0.62 μM, 5.36 μM, and 2.52 μM, when tested against MDA-MB-435 (melanoma), MDA-MB-231 (breast), and OVCAR3 (ovarian) cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Reema Al-Qiam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ahmed H Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Gharaibeh
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
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Tian Y, Chang S, Xu J, Gong P, Yu B, Qi J. Investigation of the effective components inhibited macrophage foam cell formation in Ophiopogonis Radix. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114678. [PMID: 34563614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ophiopogonis Radix, the commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in clinic for treating cardiovascular diseases, is returned to the stomach, lung and heart meridian. It is reported to nourish yin, moisten lung and is used to treat heart yin deficiency syndromes and asthenia of heart and lung, which indicated that Ophiopogonis Radix may have a protective effect on heart disorders. Atherosclerosisis is an important process in the development of cardiovascular diseases and abnormal lipid deposition induced macrophage foam cells is its crucial foundation. Our previous study showed the extract of Ophiopogonis Radix (EOR) ameliorates atherosclerosis in vitro. However, it may protect against cardiovascular diseases through inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation and its potential effective components and mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study aimed to investigate the effect of Ophiopogonis Radix on macrophage foam cell formation and its potential active constituents and mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ox-LDL induced macrophage cells were employed to evaluate the effect of Ophiopogonis Radix on macrophage foam cell formation. Then the potential active constituents inhibited formation of macrophage foam cells were screened by biospecific cell extraction and its underlying mechanisms were also explored by Western blot. RESULTS The extract of Ophiopogonis Radix was found to significantly inhibit macrophage foam cell formation, evidenced by the decrease of TG and TC and Oil Red O staining analysis in macrophage cells, which indicated that EOR reduced the formation of macrophage foam cells. At the same time, EOR was showed to increase antioxidant capacity in macrophage cells. After treatment with EOR, two potential active components interacted with macrophage foam cells specifically were identified to inhibit macrophage foam cell formation including methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone B. Methylophiopogonanone A was then proved to decrease the expression of CD36, Lox-1 and SREBP2, increase the expression of ABCA1 obviously, while the expression of ABCG1 and SREBP1 had no changes. CONCLUSIONS In our study, Ophiopogonis Radix was found to protect against atherosclerosis through suppressing ox-LDL induced macrophage foam cell formation and two potential compounds were identified by biospecific cell extraction including methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone B. Moreover, methylophiopogonanone A was proved to inhibit foam cells through reducing uptake, synthesis and increasing efflux, which may provide guidance and reference for application of Ophiopogonis Radix and investigation of the effective components of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuShan Tian
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Shanquan Chang
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Juntao Xu
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Puyang Gong
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - BoYang Yu
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China.
| | - Jin Qi
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China.
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Wang Z, Xu J, Wang Y, Xiang L, He X. Total saponins from Tupistra chinensis baker inhibits growth of human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114323. [PMID: 34116191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tupistra chinensis Baker (syn. Rohdea chinensis), an antitumor folk herb mainly distributed in China, its rhizome has been historically used to treat gastric cancer. Studies showed that the steroidal saponins were the main bioactive components in the rhizome of T. chinensis. Our previous studies have confirmed that the steroidal saponins have a variety of anti-tumor activities. However, the underlying anti-tumor mechanism of the total steroidal saponins of T. chinensis (TCS) remains to be revealed. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we studied the potential anti-proliferative activity and anti-tumor mechanism of TCS on gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. METHODS In vitro, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of TCS on SGC-7901 cells and AGS cells. Flow cytometry were performed to analyze cell apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species expression level. Western blotting was performed to validate the expression of proteins in related pathways. In vivo, a xenograft model was established by injecting SGC-7901 cells into nude mice. RESULTS In vitro, TCS inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. TCS effectively induced apoptosis by PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in SGC-7901 cells, and promoted apoptosis via p53-mediated pathway in AGS cells. TCS also exhibited inhibitory activity in blocking the migration of gastric cancer cells. In vivo, TCS significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumor. CONCLUSION These results indicated that TCS exhibited significant anti-gastric cancer effects in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingwen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Limin Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Liu L, Wang L, Li L, Wang H, Yuan L, Kang L, Jiang Q, Chen G, Lv N, Cui X, Huang L, Wu H, Xu J, Li Y. Effects of triangle grass decoction on bone metabolism in rats with chronic kidney disease complicated with mineral and bone abnormalities. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 275:114126. [PMID: 33872749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Triangle grass is a liliaceous Chlorophytum perennial herb of ChlorophytumlaxumR.Br. It is distributed mainly in Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces of China. The initial use of triangle grass was mainly to treat bone pain and swelling caused by a fall injury. Triangle grass tablets (NO. Z20070544) are also used as a preparation in our hospital because of their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-snake venom and microcirculation improvement properties and other pharmacological effects (Mei et al., 2006). Triangle grass tablets have been widely used in our hospital to treat patients with bone pain from chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). However, the effects and mechanism of triangle grass on bone metabolism in chronic kidney disease complicated with mineral and bone abnormalities are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a triangle grass decoction on bone metabolism in CKD-MBD rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS CKD-MBD model rats were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy combined with 0.5 g NaH2PO4/rat. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels were measured with an automatic biochemical analyser. Bone mineral density was determined with a Viva CT 40 system. Bone morphogenetic protein 7(BMP-7),runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Osterix protein levels were measured by Western blot analysis. Kidney, vertebra and thoracic aorta tissue samples were assessed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS The degrees of membrane thickening, necrosis, swelling and cast deposition were significantly reduced in high-dose rats and Low-dose rats. Serum BUN levels were significantly reduced in the Pre-H group (P < 0.05). Hypocalcaemia and hyperphos phataemia were detected in triangle grass (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). In addition, iPTH levels were significantly increased in the Pre-H group (P < 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)levels were significantly decreased in the Pre-H group (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density was improved in the Pre-H and Pre-L groups. BMP-7 protein levels were significantly increased in the Pre-H group (P < 0.05). The pathological changes in muscle fibres in the thoracic aorta middle membranes were significantly alleviated in rats in the Pre-H and Pre-L groups. Changes in SM22α and SMα-act in protein levels were significantly attenuated in the Pre-H group (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Changes in Runx2 and Osterix protein levels were also significantly attenuated in the Pre-H and Pre-L groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Triangle grass can simultaneously ameliorate vertebral bone loss and abnormal calcification in the thoracic aorta. Triangle grass has a definite effect on bone metabolism disorder in CKD-MBD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Li Li
- Second Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, University of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Ling Yuan
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Li Kang
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Qian Jiang
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Guan Chen
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Nan Lv
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Cui
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drugs Research and Development Center, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Huifei Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
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Zhang L, He F, Gao L, Cong M, Sun J, Xu J, Wang Y, Hu Y, Asghar S, Hu L, Qiao H. Engineering Exosome-Like Nanovesicles Derived from Asparagus cochinchinensis Can Inhibit the Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells with Better Safety Profile. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1575-1586. [PMID: 33664572 PMCID: PMC7924256 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s293067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are a type of membrane vesicles secreted by living cells. Recent studies suggest exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNVs) from fruits and vegetables are involved in tissue renewal process and functional regulation against inflammatory diseases or cancers. However, there are few reports on ELNVs derived from medicinal plants. METHODS ELNVs derived from Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. (ACNVs) were isolated and characterized. Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing capacity of ACNVs against hepatoma carcinoma cell were assessed. The endocytosis mechanism of ACNVs was evaluated on Hep G2 cells in the presence of different endocytosis inhibitors. In vivo distribution of ACNVs was detected in healthy and tumor-bearing mice after scavenger receptors (SRs) blockade. PEG engineering of ACNVs was achieved through optimizing the pharmacokinetic profiles. In vivo antitumor activity and toxicity were evaluated in Hep G2 cell xenograft model. RESULTS ACNVs were isolated and purified using a differential centrifugation method accompanied by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. The optimized ACNVs had an average size of about 119 nm and showed a typical cup-shaped nanostructure containing lipids, proteins, and RNAs. ACNVs were found to possess specific antitumor cell proliferation activity associated with an apoptosis-inducing pathway. ACNVs could be internalized into tumor cells mainly via phagocytosis, but they were quickly cleared once entering the blood. Blocking the SRs or PEGylation decoration prolonged the blood circulation time and increased the accumulation of ACNVs in tumor sites. In vivo antitumor results showed that PEGylated ACNVs could significantly inhibit tumor growth without side effects. CONCLUSION This study provides a promising functional nano platform derived from edible Asparagus cochinchinensis that can be used in antitumor therapy with negligible side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjun He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Cong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
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6
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Mottaghipisheh J, Kúsz N, Hohmann J, Tsai YC, Csupor D. Isolation of secondary metabolites from the Iranian medicinal plant Eremurus persicus. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:43-47. [PMID: 32681789 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eremurus persicus (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. belonging to Xanthorrhoeaceae family is an endemic medicinal plant widely distributed in Iran. Its leaves have been traditionally used as a food and also as medicinal plant. Regarding the widespread application of E. persicus in Iranian folk medicine, and the insignificant investigation of its components, this study aimed at the isolation and identification of major secondary metabolites of this plant. By applying various chromatographic techniques, corchoionoside A (1), 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one (2), isoorientin (3), ziganein 5-methyl ether (4), auraptene (5), and imperatorin (6) were isolated from the EtOAc and CHCl3 fractions of the crude extract. Except isoorientin (3), all the identified phytoconstituents were reported for the first time from Eremurus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yu-Chi Tsai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Giglio F, Castiglione Morelli MA, Matera I, Sinisgalli C, Rossano R, Ostuni A. Muscari comosum L. Bulb Extracts Modulate Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:E416. [PMID: 33466890 PMCID: PMC7830645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscari comosum L. bulbs are commonly used as food in South Italy and also in folk medicine. By evaluating in vitro antioxidant activity and biological activities of their aqueous and methanol extracts, we shed light on the potential role, including both the nutraceutical and health benefits, of this plant. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and by the aluminum chloride method, respectively. Antioxidant activity was investigated by three in vitro assays and relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI) was calculated to compare results obtained by different tests. The extracts were tested to evaluate their possible involvement in redox homeostasis, using the human hepatoma (HepG2) cell line used as model. The extracts exhibited concentration/solvent dependent radical scavenging activity, as well as dysregulation of some genes involved in redox pathways by promoting Nrf2, SOD-2, GPX1, ABCC6 and ABCG2 expression. NMR metabolomics analysis suggests that HepG2 cells treated with Muscari comosum extracts experience changes in some metabolites involved in various metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.C.M.); (I.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Angela Ostuni
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.G.); (M.A.C.M.); (I.M.); (C.S.)
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Xu J, Wang Z, Huang Y, Wang Y, Xiang L, He X. A spirostanol saponin isolated from Tupistra chinensis Baker simultaneously induces apoptosis and autophagy by regulating the JNK pathway in human gastric cancer cells. Steroids 2020; 164:108737. [PMID: 33002483 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
T-17, a bioactive spirostanol saponin extracted from Tupistra chinensis Baker, was previously reported with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. However, the mechanism underlying of its anti-proliferation activity remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the anti-gastric cancer cell growth activity of T-17 in terms of cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle, induction of apoptosis/autophagy, and JNK pathway. T-17 showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in SGC-7901 and AGS cell lines, it induced caspase-mediated apoptosis as well as G0/G1 phase arrest and modulation of cyclinE2 and p21 expression. In addition, T-17 promoted the cancer cell autophagy as evidenced with increased expression of Beclin-1 and decreased p62 in western blot and formation of GFP-LC3 puncta. Furthermore, T-17-induced autophagy decreased gastric cancer cell apoptosis as assessed by pharmacological autophagy inhibitors and ATG5 siRNA usage. Importantly, the activation of JNK pathway was simultaneously involved in T-17-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Taken together, the results suggest that T-17 is a promising cytotoxic agent for therapeutic treatment of human gastric adenocarcinoma, which provides a good foundation for further research and development of Tupistra chinensis Baker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Limin Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Whitmore H, Sishtla K, Knirsch W, Andriantiana JL, Schwikkard S, Mas-Claret E, Nassief SM, Isyaka SM, Corson TW, Mulholland DA. Bufadienolides and anti-angiogenic homoisoflavonoids from Rhodocodon cryptopodus, Rhodocodon rotundus and Rhodocodon cyathiformis. Fitoterapia 2020; 141:104479. [PMID: 31927011 PMCID: PMC7065379 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homoisoflavonoids have been shown to have potent anti-proliferative activities in endothelial cells over other cell types and have demonstrated a strong antiangiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo in animal models of ocular neovascularization. Three species of Rhodocodon (Scilloideaea subfamily of the Asparagaceae family), endemic to Madagascar, R. cryptopodus, R. rotundus and R. cyathiformis, were investigated. PURPOSE To isolate and test homoisoflavonoids for their antiangiogenic activity against human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs), as well as specificity against other ocular cell lines. METHODS Plant material was extracted at room temperature with EtOH. Compounds were isolated using flash column chromatography and were identified using NMR and CD spectroscopy and HRESIMS. Compounds were tested for antiproliferative effects on primary human microvascular retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), ARPE19 retinal pigment epithelial cells, 92-1 uveal melanoma cells, and Y79 retinoblastoma cells. HRECs exposed to compounds were also tested for migration and tube formation ability. RESULTS Two homoisoflavonoids, 3S-5,7-dihydroxy-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxybenzyl)-4-chromanone (1) and 3S-5,7-dihydroxy-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzyl)-4-chromanone (2), were isolated along with four bufadienolides. Compound 1 was found to be non-specifically antiproliferative, with GI50 values ranging from 0.21-0.85 μM across the four cell types, while compound 2 showed at least 100-fold specificity for HRECs over the other tested cell lines. Compound 1, with a 3S configuration, was 700 times more potent that the corresponding 3R enantiomer recently isolated from a Massonia species. CONCLUSION Select homoisoflavonoids have promise as antiangiogenic agents that are not generally cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Whitmore
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Kamakshi Sishtla
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Walter Knirsch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, NAWI Graz, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jacky L Andriantiana
- Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Rue Fernand Kassanga, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Sianne Schwikkard
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard Mas-Claret
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah M Nassief
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Sani M Isyaka
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Timothy W Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Dulcie A Mulholland
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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10
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Wu X, Chen L, Zeb F, Huang Y, An J, Ren J, Yang F, Feng Q. Regulation of circadian rhythms by NEAT1 mediated TMAO-induced endothelial proliferation: A protective role of asparagus extract. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111451. [PMID: 31173767 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) promotes atherosclerosis in association with the functions of endothelial cells. Clock and Bmal1, as two main components of molecular circadian clock, play important regulatory roles during progression of atherogenesis. However, whether Clock and Bmal1 are involved in the regulation of endothelial proliferation disturbed by TMAO are unclear. We observed that cell proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was inhibited after exposed to TMAO for 24 h. Besides, TMAO caused increased expression of lncRNA-NEAT1, Clock and Bmal1, and inhibited MAPK pathways. While MAPK pathways were blocked, the expression of Clock and Bmal1 was elevated. NEAT1 showed a circadian rhythmic expression in HUVECs, and its overexpression reduced cell proliferation. Knockdown or overexpression of NEAT1 might decrease or increase the expression of Clock and Bmal1 respectively, while raised or suppressed the expression of MAPK pathways correspondingly. Asparagus extract (AE) was found to improve the TMAO-reduced HUVECs proliferation. Moreover, it ameliorated the disorders of NEAT1, Clock, Bmal1, and MAPK signaling pathways induced by TMAO. Therefore, our findings indicated that NEAT1 regulating Clock-Bmal1 via MAPK pathways was involved in TMAO-repressed HUVECs proliferation, and AE improved endothelial proliferation by TMAO, proposing a novel mechanism for cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Falak Zeb
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Asparagus Engineering Technology Research Centre of Hebei, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jing An
- Asparagus Engineering Technology Research Centre of Hebei, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jianglei Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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11
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Chen QW, Zhang X, Gong T, Gao W, Yuan S, Zhang PC, Kong JQ. Structure and bioactivity of cholestane glycosides from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker. Phytochemistry 2019; 164:206-214. [PMID: 31177053 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Eight undescribed cholestane glycosides named osaundersioside A-H, along with three previously known compounds named osaundersioside I-K were isolated from Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker bulbs (Asparagaceae). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. All isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production. Osaundersioside C was thus determined to exhibit specific cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 value of 0.20 μM, Osaundersioside H exhibited inhibitory effect on NO production in macrophages at the concentration of 10-5 M, with inhibition rate of 56.81%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wan Gao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Kong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China.
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12
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Schwikkard S, Whitmore H, Sishtla K, Sulaiman RS, Shetty T, Basavarajappa HD, Waller C, Alqahtani A, Frankemoelle L, Chapman A, Crouch N, Wetschnig W, Knirsch W, Andriantiana J, Mas-Claret E, Langat MK, Mulholland D, Corson TW. The Antiangiogenic Activity of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Homoisoflavonoids from the Hyacinthaceae ( sensu APGII). J Nat Prod 2019; 82:1227-1239. [PMID: 30951308 PMCID: PMC6771261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive blood vessel formation in the eye is implicated in wet age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, neovascular glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity, which are major causes of blindness. Small molecule antiangiogenic drugs are strongly needed to supplement existing biologics. Homoisoflavonoids have been previously shown to have potent antiproliferative activities in endothelial cells over other cell types. Moreover, they demonstrated a strong antiangiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo in animal models of ocular neovascularization. Here, we tested the antiangiogenic activity of a group of naturally occurring homoisoflavonoids isolated from the family Hyacinthaceae and related synthetic compounds, chosen for synthesis based on structure-activity relationship observations. Several compounds showed interesting antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities in vitro on retinal microvascular endothelial cells, a disease-relevant cell type, with the synthetic chromane, 46, showing the best activity (GI50 of 2.3 × 10-4 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sianne Schwikkard
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry,
Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Whitmore
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Kamakshi Sishtla
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department
of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
| | - Rania S. Sulaiman
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department
of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, IN 46202,
U.S.A
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Trupti Shetty
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department
of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, IN 46202,
U.S.A
| | - Halesha D. Basavarajappa
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department
of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
| | - Catherine Waller
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Alaa Alqahtani
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Lennart Frankemoelle
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry,
Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Andy Chapman
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry,
Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Neil Crouch
- Biodiversity Economy, South African National
Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 52099, 4007 Berea Road, Durban, South Africa
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | | | - Walter Knirsch
- Institute of Biology, NAWI Graz, University of Graz,
8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jacky Andriantiana
- Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Rue
Fernand Kassanga, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Eduard Mas-Claret
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Moses K Langat
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Dulcie Mulholland
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey,
Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Timothy W. Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department
of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, IN 46202,
U.S.A
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1160 W. Michigan St.,
Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A
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13
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Rooj B, Dutta A, Islam S, Mandal U. Green Synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots from Polianthes tuberose L. Petals for Copper (II) and Iron (II) Detection. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:1261-1267. [PMID: 30187312 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are synthesized via a simple, low cost and as well as green way using tuberose (Polianthes tuberose L.) petals as the carbon source for the first time. We have not done any surface modification to the prepared CQDs although we directly employed this as fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of Fe2+ and Cu2+ ions. Both these ions drastically quench the emission intensity of the CQDs; in case of Cu2+ ions quenched CQDs EDTA results in regaining the fluorescence property but for Fe2+ ions quenched CQDs no such effect of EDTA is found. The limit of detection (LOD) is observed to be 200 nM in case of Cu2+ which is much lower than the safe limit provided by the WHO in drinking water. Hence the CQDs prepared in this simple and low cost method may find an important role in monitoring the water quality. The quantum yield of the CQDs prepared in our method is around 3%. Transmission electron microscope shows picture of nicely shaped CQDs with average size ~ 4 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Rooj
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, India
| | - Ankita Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, India
| | - Sahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Paschim Burdwan, Raniganj, India
| | - Ujjwal Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, India.
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14
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Ye TS, Wang XP, Zhang XM, Zhang ML, Zhang YW. Saponin from Tupistra chinensis Bak Inhibits NF-κB Signaling in Sarcoma S-180 Cell Mouse Xenografts. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:697-703. [PMID: 30128881 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of saponins from Tupistra chinensis Bak (STCB) on the growth of sarcoma S-180 cells in vitro and in mouse xenografts as well as the underlying mechanisms. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry. Sarcoma S-180 tumor-bearing mice were treated with different doses of STCB with 10 μg/mL 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) as a positive control. The activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was detected by gel mobility shift assay. The mRNA level of NF-κB was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that in vitro STCB inhibited the growth of S-180 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest at S-phase. In vivo STCB significantly inhibited the growth of S-180 tumor mouse xenografts in a dose-dependent manner with apparent induction of cell apoptosis. Moreover, STCB inhibited the activity of NF-κB p65 and reduced the expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA in mouse xenografts. It was concluded that STCB inhibits the proliferation and cell cycle progression of S-180 cells by suppressing NF-κB signaling in mouse xenografts. Our findings suggest STCB is a promising agent for the treatment of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Sheng Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xian-Mei Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Man-Ling Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying-Wen Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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15
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Schwikkard SL, Whitmore H, Corson TW, Sishtla K, Langat MK, Carew M, Mulholland DA. Antiangiogenic Activity and Cytotoxicity of Triterpenoids and Homoisoflavonoids from Massonia pustulata and Massonia bifolia. Planta Med 2018; 84:638-644. [PMID: 29490386 PMCID: PMC6467464 DOI: 10.1055/a-0577-5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Hyacinthaceae family (sensu APGII), with approximately 900 species in around 70 genera, plays a significant role in traditional medicine in Africa as well as across Europe and the Middle and Far East. The dichloromethane extract of the bulbs of Massonia pustulata (Hyacinthaceae sensu APGII) yielded two known homoisoflavonoids, (R)-5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-7-methoxy-4-chromanone 1: and 5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-7-methoxy-4-chromone 2: and four spirocyclic nortriterpenoids, eucosterol 3: , 28-hydroxyeucosterol 4: and two previously unreported triterpenoid derivatives, (17S,23S)-17α,23-epoxy-3β,22β,29-trihydroxylanost-8-en-27,23-olide 5: , and (17S, 23S)-17α,23-epoxy-28,29-dihydroxylanost-8-en-3-on-27,23-olide 6: . Compounds 1, 2, 3: , and 5: were assessed for cytotoxicity against CaCo-2 cells using a neutral red uptake assay. Compounds 1, 2: , and 5: reduced cell viability by 70% at concentrations of 30, 100, and 100 µM, respectively. Massonia bifolia yielded three known homoisoflavonoids, (R)-(4'-hydroxy)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-chromanone 1: , (R)-(4'-hydroxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromanone 7: and (R)-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromanone 9: , two previously unreported homoisoflavonoids, (E)-3-benzylidene-(3',4'-dihydroxy)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-chromanone 8: and (R)-(3',4'-dihydroxy)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-chromanone 10,: and a spirocyclic nortriterpenoid, 15-deoxoeucosterol 11: . Compounds 1, 1AC, 7, 8, 9,: and 10: were screened for antiangiogenic activity against human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Some compounds showed dose-dependent antiproliferative activity and blocked endothelial tube formation, suggestive of antiangiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sianne L Schwikkard
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, United Kingdom
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Whitmore
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy W Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U. S. A
| | - Kamakshi Sishtla
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U. S. A
| | - Moses K Langat
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mark Carew
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Dulcie A Mulholland
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U. S. A
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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16
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Campos-García J, Vargas A, Farías-Rosales L, Miranda AL, Meza-Carmen V, Díaz-Pérez AL. Improving the Organoleptic Properties of a Craft Mezcal Beverage by Increasing Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester Contents through ATF1 Expression in an Engineered Kluyveromyces marxianus UMPe-1 Yeast. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:4469-4480. [PMID: 29644852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mezcal, a traditional beverage that originated in Mexico, is produced from species of the Agavaceae family. The esters associated with the yeasts utilized during fermentation are important for improving the organoleptic properties of the beverage. We improved the ester contents in a mezcal beverage by using the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, which was engineered with the ATF1 gene. ATF1 expression in the recombinant yeast significantly increased compared with that in the parental yeast, but its fermentative parameters were unchanged. Volatile-organic-compound-content analysis showed that esters had significantly increased in the mezcal produced with the engineered yeast. In a sensory-panel test, 48% of the panelists preferred the mezcal produced from the engineered yeast, 30% preferred the mezcal produced from the wild type, and 15 and 7% preferred the two mezcal types produced following the routine procedure. Correlation analysis showed that the fruitiness/sweetness description of the mezcal produced using the ATF1-engineered K. marxianus yeast correlated with the content of the esters, whose presence improved the organoleptic properties of the craft mezcal beverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Campos-García
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
| | - Alejandra Vargas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
- Tecnológico Nacional de México , Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia , 58120 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
| | - Lorena Farías-Rosales
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
| | - Ana L Miranda
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
| | - Víctor Meza-Carmen
- Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
| | - Alma L Díaz-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria , 58030 Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico
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17
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Maiti S, Mitra A. Morphological, Physiological and Ultrastructural Changes in Flowers Explain the Spatio-Temporal Emission of Scent Volatiles in Polianthes tuberosa L. Plant Cell Physiol 2017; 58:2095-2111. [PMID: 29036488 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tuberose or Polianthes tuberosa L. is a horticultural crop of tropical origin, widely cultivated for its pleasant and intense floral fragrance in the evening. Here an investigation was made into the physiological and cell biological aspects of floral scent biosynthesis, tissue localization and emission that have not previously been examined. Volatiles collected from floral headspace were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification of individual compounds and elucidation of emission patterns. Transcript accumulation and the amount of active enzyme were measured to understand the enzymatic route of scent volatile biosynthesis. Localization of scent volatiles was investigated by histochemical and ultrastructural studies. Scent emission was found to be rhythmic and nocturnal under normal day-night influence, peaking at night. Enhanced enzyme activities and transcript accumulation were recorded just prior to maximum emission. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, the presence of a large number of floral stomata on the adaxial surface of the tepal was revealed which might have bearing on tissue-specific emission. Guard cells of stomata responded significantly to histochemical tests, which also indicated that epidermal tissues are mostly involved in scent emission. High metabolic activity was found in epidermal layers during anthesis as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Further, new insight into the localization of scent compounds, the plausible tissue involved in their release along with the preceding ultrastructural changes at the cellular levels is presented. Finally, ultrastructural analysis of the tepal surface has been able to fill a major gap in knowledge of stomatal involvement during scent emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saborni Maiti
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Adinpunya Mitra
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
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Marrelli M, La Grotteria S, Araniti F, Conforti F. Investigation of the Potential Health Benefits as Lipase Inhibitor and Antioxidant of Leopoldia comosa (L.) Parl.: Variability of Chemical Composition of Wild and Cultivated Bulbs. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2017; 72:274-279. [PMID: 28597137 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a great interest in the nutritional value of vegetables and fruits and how the habitat affects nutritive and biological properties. In vitro studies here reported were performed to evaluate the inhibitory activity of formulations from edible plant on pancreatic lipase. The aim of this study was also to evaluate the biovariability of L. comosa (L.) Parl. bulbs from Italy. The wild bulbs were compared with the same cultivated species that are commonly commercialized to identify samples with the best quality for a potential therapeutic application. Hydroalcoholic extract and polar fraction of wild bulbs showed a very important pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.166 ± 0.005 and 0.153 ± 0.005 mg/mL, respectively. In order to characterize the extracts, gas chromatography associated with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed, revealing the predominance of palmitic acid. Phenolic and flavonoid composition was also evaluated. L. comosa extract obtained from wild bulbs demonstrated both antioxidant and anti-obesity activities that might be attributed to a wide range of present phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Stefania La Grotteria
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of AGRARIA, University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, I-89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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Tapondjou LA, Jenett-Siems K, Siems K, Weng A, Melzig MF. Flavonol Glycosides and Cytotoxic Steroidal Saponins from Furcraea tuberosa (Agavaceae). Nat Prod Commun 2017; 12:347-350. [PMID: 30549882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of the mature fruits of Furcraea tuberosa (Agavaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new bisdesmosidic spirostanol saponin (1), along with eight known steroidal glycosides (2-9), one known phenolic carboxylic acid ester (10) and three known flavonol glycosides (11-13). The structures of these compounds were assigned using a combination of ID and 2D NMR techniques including ¹H, ¹³C, COSY, TOCSY, HSQC and HMBC NMR, and confirmed by mass spectrometry. Thus the new saponin was elucidated as (25R)-6α-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5α-spirostane-3β-Ο-[(6-Ο-hexadecanoyl)-β-D- glucopyranoside]. The literature survey revealed that most of the steroidal saponins isolated have shown potent cytotoxic effects against various human cancer cell lines and the results are herein reviewed.
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20
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Schwikkard S, Alqahtani A, Knirsch W, Wetschnig W, Jaksevicius A, Opara EI, Langat MK, Andriantiana JL, Mulholland DA. Phytochemical Investigations of Three Rhodocodon (Hyacinthaceae Sensu APG II) Species. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:30-37. [PMID: 28051316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Rhodocodon (Hyacinthaceae sensu APG II) is endemic to Madagascar, and its phytochemistry has not been described previously. The phytochemistry of three species in this genus has been investigated, and eight compounds, including three bufadienolides (compounds 1, 4, and 5), a norlignan (2), and four homoisoflavonoids (compounds 3 and 6-8), have been isolated and identified. Compounds 1-3 and 6-8 have not been described previously. The COX-2 inhibitory activity of compound 6 and compound 7 acetate (compound 7A) was investigated on isolated colorectal cancer cells. Compounds 6 and 7A inhibited COX-2 by 10% and 8%, respectively, at a concentration of 12.5 μM compared to 12% for 1 mM aspirin (the positive control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sianne Schwikkard
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University , Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames, KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Alaa Alqahtani
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Walter Knirsch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, NAWI Graz, Karl-Franzens-University Graz , Holteigasse 6, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Wetschnig
- Institute of Plant Sciences, NAWI Graz, Karl-Franzens-University Graz , Holteigasse 6, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrius Jaksevicius
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University , Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames, KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth I Opara
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University , Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames, KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Moses K Langat
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Jackie L Andriantiana
- Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza , Rue Kasanga Fernand, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Dulcie A Mulholland
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, 4041, South Africa
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21
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Abstract
The genus Ruscus (Asparagaceae family) is native to the Mediterranean, Southern and Western Europe and is represented by perennial, rhizomatous, and evergreen shrubs. Among the approximately seven species spread throughout Europe up to Iran, Ruscus aculeatus L. (butcher's broom) is the most widely distributed and appreciated. This review provides an overview of the traditional use of Ruscus spp., the current knowledge of the chemistry of this genus, and the pharmacological studies carried out on Ruscus spp. extracts. The underground parts of Ruscus plants are a source of steroidal saponins that can be classified into two structural classes: the hexacyclic spirostanol saponins and the pentacyclic furostanol saponins. The main aglycones are ruscogenin and neoruscogenin. From the pharmacological point of view, the most studied Ruscus species is undoubtedly R. aculeatus, a very ancient phlebotherapeutic agent. Pharmacological investigations since the discovery of the vasoconstrictive and venotonic properties of ruscogenin and neoruscogenin in the underground parts of R. aculeatus are discussed. Preparations based on Ruscus species are currently used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, haemorrhoids, and orthostatic hypotension. Finally, analytical techniques for the quality control of R. aculeatus extracts are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Cosimo Pizza
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Calle JM, Pérez AJ, Simonet AM, Guerra JO, Macías FA. Steroidal Saponins from Furcraea hexapetala Leaves and Their Phytotoxic Activity. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:2903-2911. [PMID: 27797203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Four new steroidal saponins (1-4) along with 13 known saponins were isolated from the leaves of Furcraea hexapetala. The new compounds were identified as (20R,22R,25R)-3β-hydroxy-5α-spirostan-12-one 3-O-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside} (1), (25R)-3β-hydroxy-5α-spirost-20(21)-en-12-one 3-O-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside} (2), (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol 3-O-{β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside} (3), and (25R)-5β-spirostan-3β-ol 3-O-{β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside} (4) by spectroscopic analysis, including one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. The phytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against the standard target species Lactuca sativa was evaluated. Structure-activity relationships for these compounds with respect to phytotoxic effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Calle
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz , C/ República Saharaui, s/n, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Andy J Pérez
- Área Productos Químicos, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción , Bío-Bío, Chile
| | - Ana M Simonet
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz , C/ República Saharaui, s/n, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - José O Guerra
- Departamento de Licenciatura en Química, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas , Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, 54830 Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz , C/ República Saharaui, s/n, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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23
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Dutra-Behrens M, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. New Homoisoflavanes, a New Alkaloid and Spirostane Steroids from the Roots of Herreria montevidensis Klotzsch ex Griseb. (Herreriaceae). Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111589. [PMID: 27879640 PMCID: PMC6274347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of the South American vine Herreria montevidensis Klotzsch ex Griseb. (Herreriaceae) are used in traditional medicine by several Amerindian groups of the Paraguayan Chaco. Little is known on the chemistry of the plant, despite its widespread use across the South American Chaco. From the ethyl acetate/methanol 1:1 extract of the roots, four new and one known homoisoflavanoid, two flavan derivatives, a stilbene, a new alkaloid, and three new and four known spirostane steroids were isolated. The corresponding structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric means. The homoisoflavonoids of the plant are related to compounds isolated from the Dracaenaceae (formerly Agavaceae) sources of the Chinese crude drug Dragon’s Blood. The new alkaloid is a novel skeleton that can be used as a chemical marker of Herreria. The spirostane steroids suggest chemotaxonomic relations with the Liliales. This is the first comprehensive report on the chemistry of a South American Herreria species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dutra-Behrens
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Farmanguinhos/Fiocruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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24
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Lazarova I, Simeonova R, Vitcheva V, Kondeva-Burdina M, Gevrenova R, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Zengin G, Danchev ND. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. roots extract in experimental models in vitro/in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:70-78. [PMID: 27470552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. dry root extract (ALE) administered alone and against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in vitro/in vivo. The dried roots of A. lutea were extracted with 70% ethanol and was characterized with HPLC-UV. Hepatoprotective potential was investigated by in vivo/in vitro assays in Wistar rats as well as antioxidant properties. At concentrations ranging from 10 to 200μg/mL of ALE significant cytotoxic effects on isolated hepatocytes were found. ALE showed some toxicity in Wistar rats discerned by increased ALT (Alanine transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activities and MDA (malondialdehyde) quantity, decreased GSH (reduced glutathione) levels without affecting the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (GPx (Gluthatione peroxidase), GR (Glutathione reductase) and GST (Glutathione-S-transferase activity)). The antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of ALE was also observed in vitro/in vivo against CCl4-induced liver injury, where ALE normalizes all the examined parameters perturbated by CCl4 administration. In addition, ALE preserved the decreased cytochrome P450 level and EMND (Ethylmorphine-N-Demethylase) activity without affecting AH (Aniline 4-Hydroxylase) activity. ALE is rich in anthraquinones, naphthalenes and caffeic acid. The pro-oxidant effects of ALE could be due to naphthalene and anthraquinone bioactivation pathways involving toxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lazarova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumyana Simeonova
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vessela Vitcheva
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Afyon-Konya Road, 42250 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nikolay D Danchev
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Górna K, Pawłowicz I, Waśkiewicz A, Stępień Ł. Fusarium proliferatum strains change fumonisin biosynthesis and accumulation when exposed to host plant extracts. Fungal Biol 2016; 120:884-93. [PMID: 27268248 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin concentrations in mycelia and media were studied in liquid Fusarium proliferatum cultures supplemented with host plant extracts. Furthermore, the kinetics of fumonisin accumulation in media and mycelia collected before and after extract addition was analysed as well as the changes in the expression of the FUM1 gene. Fumonisin content in culture media increased in almost all F. proliferatum strains shortly after plant extracts were added. The asparagus extract induced the highest FB level increase and the garlic extract was the second most effective inducer. Fumonisin level decreased constantly until 14th day of culturing, though for some strains also at day 8th an elevated FB level was observed. Pineapple extract induced the highest increase of fum1 transcript levels as well as fumonisin synthesis in many strains, and the peas extract inhibited fungal growth and fumonisin biosynthesis. Moreover, fumonisins were accumulated in mycelia of studied strains and in the respective media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Górna
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawłowicz
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
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26
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Abstract
Phytochemical investigations of the rhizome of Tupistra chinensis led to the isolation of six new spirostanol saponins, one new spirostanol, along with eight known spirostanols. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods, including IR, NMR, MS, and GC analyses. The antiproliferative effects against five human cancer cell lines were assayed for all the isolated compounds. Compounds 8, 12 and 15 showed potent cytotoxic activities against K562 cells. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in a macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Compounds 2 and 12 showed significant inhibition on NO production with IC50 values of 16.1±1.8 and 13.5±1.2 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaomin Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangji Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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27
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Ghosh PK, Bhattacharjee P, Das S. Antimicrobial Cream Formulated with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Tuberose Flowers Arrests Growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2016; 10:86-102. [PMID: 27076089 DOI: 10.2174/1872208310666160414102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial potency of herbal extracts is well known. The review of patents and research articles revealed that several herbal extracts have been employed in the formulation of topical products such as creams, exclusive of the cream reported in the present study. 0ur previous study has established antimicrobial potency of supercritical carbon dioxide extracts of tuberose flowers, better known for its sweet fragrance. OBJECTIVE The present work focuses on formulating a topical antimicrobial herbal cream with methyl eugenol (principal antimicrobial compound) rich - supercritical carbon dioxide extract of tuberose flowers, having good combination of phytochemical and antimicrobial potencies. METHODS Supercritical carbon dioxide parameters such as temperature, pressure and time were optimized using full factorial experimental design to obtain methyl eugenol-rich extracts. A cream was formulated using the extract having the best combination of phytochemical and antimicrobial potencies and was assayed further for in vitro antimicrobial potency; physiochemical and sensory properties. Two commercial antimicrobial cream samples were used as reference samples in the study. RESULT The extract obtained at 40°C, 10 MPa, 135 min at 1 L min-1 flow rate of gaseous C02 showed the best combination of phytochemical and antimicrobial potencies and was used for formulation of herbal creams. The cream formulated with 5% w/w of extract arrested growth of the common human skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and showed stable physiochemical properties and high sensory appeal for a year. CONCLUSION The cream could be considered as a 'finished herbal product&' in compliance with the World Health 0rganization guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paramita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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28
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Martín-Sampedro R, Eugenio ME, Villar JC. Effect of steam explosion and enzymatic pre-treatments on pulping and bleaching of Hesperaloe funifera. Bioresour Technol 2012; 111:460-467. [PMID: 22386201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A non-wood raw material with high potential for pulp and paper applications (Hesperaloe funifera) was subjected to a steam explosion pre-treatment, and the subsequent effect of this pretreatment on biopulping and biobleaching was studied. An increase in the delignification rate, bigger than that reported for autohydrolysis and acid hydrolysis pre-treatments, and a reduction in chemical consumption were found during kraft pulping of the exploded samples. However, biopulping with the laccase-mediator system (LMS) did not lead to a reduction in the kappa number in either non-exploded or exploded unbleached pulps. On the other hand, the steam explosion pretreatment boosted the advantages of the LMS pre-treatment (decrease in kappa number and increase in brightness) favored biobleaching, with a 53.1% delignification rate and a final brightness of 67% ISO. Finally, the steam explosion pre-treatment also improved the color properties of the bleached pulp and reduced the hydrogen peroxide consumption by 24.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martín-Sampedro
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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29
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Sánchez R, Rodríguez A, García JC, Rosal A, Jiménez L. Exploitation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin from Hesperaloe funifera. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:1308-1315. [PMID: 20846856 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work seeks the integral use of all major components of Hesperaloe funifera, separating hemicelluose by hydrothermal treatments; cellulose by pulping processes; and exploitation of lignin of pulping liquor by pyrolysis and gasification processes. By using sulfuric acid in the hydrothermal treatment (150-190 °C, 0-20 min after reaching operating temperature, 6-10 liquid/solid ratio, 0.1-0.5% sulfuric acid), the glucose and xylose of liquid fraction increase from 1.5% to 5.9%, and 4.0% to 12.4%, respectively; the yields of solid fraction decrease from 91.6% to 79.5%, and the lignin content increase from 23% to 32%. Pulps and paper sheets obtained from solid fractions hydrothermal treatments and from raw material pulped with diethanolamine, are worse than those obtained with soda-anthraquinone (Yield 57.8%; kappa number 24.9; Viscosity 711 mL/g; Brightness 54.8%; Tensile index 73.6 Nm/g; Stretch 2.84%; Burst index 6.13 kN/g and Tear index 1.69 mNm2/g). By acidification (pH 6) of soda pulping liquor it separate lignin-rich solids, which by pyrolysis gave a gas containing 1.13% H2, 31.79% CO and 1.86% CH4 by weight. Gasification of the same sample provided a gas containing 0.18% H2, 24.50% CO and 17.75% CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sánchez
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Sánchez R, Rodríguez A, Requejo A, Ferrer A, Navarro E. Soda pulp and fuel gases synthesis from Hesperaloe funifera. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:7043-7051. [PMID: 20430614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this work is to evaluate the suitability of Hesperaloe funifera which is an alternative raw material, for pulping with soda-anthraquinone to produce pulp and paper. It was studied the influence of operational variables (temperature (155-185 degrees C), cooking time (20-60 min) and soda concentration (5-15%), with a constant addition of 1% of anthraquinone and a liquid/solid ratio of 8, in soda-anthraquinone cooking of H. funifera on pulps and paper sheets properties obtained. Finally, the cooking liquors were acidified to separate solid fractions that were subjected to pyrolysis and gasification in order to obtain synthesis and fuel gases. H. funifera contains little lignin and abundant alpha-cellulose; this, together with the morphological characteristics of its fibers, makes it a potentially highly useful papermaking raw material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Sánchez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Spain
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Abstract
The water-accumulating leaves of crassulacean acid metabolism plants belonging to five different families were investigated for the presence of biominerals by infrared spectroscopic and microscopic analyses. Spectroscopic results revealed that the mineral present in succulent species of Agavaceae, Aizoaceae, and Asphodelaceae was calcium oxalate monohydrate (whewellite, CaC2O4 x H2O). Crystals were predominantly found as raphides or solitary crystals of various morphologies. However, representative Crassulaceae members and a succulent species of Asteraceae did not show the presence of biominerals. Overall, these results suggest no correlation between calcium oxalate generation and crassulacean acid metabolism in succulent plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula V Monje
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET/UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C. Correo 962, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Barneto AG, Carmona JA, Alfonso JEM, Serrano RS. Simulation of the thermogravimetry analysis of three non-wood pulps. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:3220-3229. [PMID: 20071163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In a study of three non-wood pulps (rice straw, EFB, and Hesperaloe), the standard pyrolysis model for biomass based on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin pseudo-components, was modified to include char volatilization. As a result, abnormally high values for lignin content have been avoided. On the other hand, the consideration of autocatalysis (Prout-Tompkins equation) for TGA data simulation under inert and oxidative atmospheres, allows obtaining a stable set of kinetic parameters that describe volatilization and char oxidation for different heating rates, including char ignition. These simulations allow us to investigate certain effects like oxygen influence on cellulose-char formation (including reduction in activation energy) and to calculate the composition of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín García Barneto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Campus El Carmen, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
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Acharya D, Mitaine-Offer AC, Kaushik N, Miyamoto T, Paululat T, Mirjolet JF, Duchamp O, Lacaille-Dubois MA. Cytotoxic spirostane-type saponins from the roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum. J Nat Prod 2009; 72:177-181. [PMID: 19128156 DOI: 10.1021/np800559z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Four new spirostane-type saponins named borivilianosides E-H (1-4) were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum together with two known steroid saponins (5 and 6). The structures of 1-4 were elucidated using mainly 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of borivilianosides F (2), G (3), and H (4) and three known compounds was evaluated using two human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and HCT 116).
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Acharya
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Unite de Molecules d'Interet Biologique, UMIB UPRES-EA 3660, Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite de Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
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Kenjale RD, Shah RK, Sathaye SS. Anti-stress and anti-oxidant effects of roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum (Santa Pau & Fernandes). Indian J Exp Biol 2007; 45:974-979. [PMID: 18072542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous extract of C. borivilianum (250 mg/kg for 7 days) significantly reverted the elevated levels of plasma glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and serum corticosterone and also reduced the ulcer index, adrenal gland weight more as effectively as the standard drug (diazepam) in rats. At 125 mg/kg po, it showed a mild anti-stress activity. Under in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) free radical scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation assay the extract considerably inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the levels of DPPH* free radicals and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, respectively thus showing significant antioxidant property. The results suggested that it could be used for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Kenjale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mumbai University Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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Adeyemi OO, Yemitan OK, Adebiyi OO. Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of the aqueous root extract of Sanseviera liberica Gerome & Labroy (Agavaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 113:111-4. [PMID: 17583456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) depressant and anticonvulsant activities of the aqueous root extract of Sanseviera liberica (ASL) were investigated on various animal models including pentobarbitone sleeping time and hole-board exploratory behaviour for sedation tests, and strychnine, picrotoxin, bicuculline and pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions in mice. ASL (100-400mg/kg, p.o.), like chlorpromazine HCl (1mg/kg, i.m.), produced a dose-dependent prolongation of pentobarbitone sleeping time and suppression of exploratory behaviour. ASL (100 and 200mg/kg) produced dose-dependent and significant (P<0.05) increases in onset to clonic and tonic convulsions, and at 400mg/kg, showed complete protection against seizures induced by strychnine, picrotoxin and bicuculline, but not with pentylenetetrazole. ASL up to 10 g/kg, p.o. did not produce death, but i.p. treatment produced mortalities with LD(50) of 668.3+/-47.6 mg/kg. Preliminary phytochemical investigations of ASL revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars and oils. The results indicate that ASL has sedative and anticonvulsant activities, therefore, justifying its use in traditional African medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Amida MB, Yemitan OK, Adeyemi OO. Toxicological assessment of the aqueous root extract of Sanseviera liberica Gerome and Labroy (Agavaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 113:171-5. [PMID: 17628367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous root extract of Sanseviera liberica (SL) is used in African folklore medicine for ailments including chronic pain, inflammatory conditions, and convulsive disorders. Because of the potential for long-term uses, the study investigated the acute and subchronic toxicity patterns of the plant. Acute toxicity tests were carried out in mice, and the median lethal dose was estimated. Subchronic (52 days) studies were conducted in rats with oral daily doses of 80, 400 and 2000 mg/kg. Parameters observed for at the end of chronic tests included changes in body and vital organ weights, mortality, haematological, biochemical, hepatic and male reproductive effects. SL did not produce any visible toxicities or mortality with oral doses up to 20 g/kg within 14 days of single treatment, but i.p. administration caused mortalities with LD(50) of 668.3+/-47.6 mg/kg. In the chronic tests, neither mortality nor visible signs of lethality was seen in rats. No significant change in the weight of the kidney, liver, heart and spleen, but at 400mg/kg, a significant reduction in weight of the lungs was recorded. Significant increases in the weight of testes, sperm count and motility was produced. There were no changes in the sperm head and tail abnormalities, but significant increases in the percentage normal sperm cells. Biochemical parameters like the AST and ALT were not affected, but significant increase in ALP and uric acid levels, at 2g/kg, was detected. Significant increase and decrease in RBC and WBC were recorded, respectively, but no changes in levels of PCV and Hb. Results indicate that oral doses of SL are relatively safe in rats; however, assessment of hepato-biliary function should be done during chronic use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muibat B Amida
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Narasimhan S, Govindarajan R, Madhavan V, Thakur M, Dixit VK, Mehrotra S, Madhusudanan KP. Action of (2-->1)Fructo-oligopolysaccharide fraction of Chlorophytum borivilianum against Streptozotocin-Induced oxidative stress. Planta Med 2006; 72:1421-4. [PMID: 17051465 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A fructo-oligosaccharide was isolated from Chlorophytum borivilianum and identified as O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-(beta-D-fructofuranosyl) (n)-(2-->1)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (n = 5 - 30) using high-pressure anion exchange chromatography, MALDI-MS, NMR, GC, HPTLC and chemical analysis. The extract and the fructo-oligosaccharide were found to have significant antidiabetic activity with the blood sugar levels being 118.32 +/- 3.56 and 110.21 +/- 4.22, respectively, as compared to the control value of 231.25 +/- 3.03 along with moderate antioxidant activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreevidya Narasimhan
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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El-Sayed MM, Abdel-Hameed ES, El-Nahas HA, El-Wakil EA. Isolation and identification of some steroidal glycosides of Furcraea selloa. Pharmazie 2006; 61:478-82. [PMID: 16724551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The antischistosomal impact of different extracts of the leaves of Furcraea selloa C. Koch (Family Agavaceae) were screened against adult Schistosoma mansoni worms in vitro using well established culture media. The methanol extract of the plant showed the highest activity as S. mansoni worms recorded 100% mortality at 50 microg/ml after 24 h (EC50 = 29.78 and 29.41 microg/ml for female and male worm respectively). Owing to the high potency of the crude butanolic extract (100% mortality at 20 microg/ ml; EC50 = 10.42 and 8.94 microg/ml for female and male worm respectively) obtained from the methanolic extract, it was submitted to chromatographic separation and isolation using silica gel and Sephadex columns as well as preparative thin layer chromatography. Three steroidal glycosides (saponins) (I-III) were isolated and their structures were elucidated using some spectroscopic and chemical methods. The structure of the three compounds was formulated as 6-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside chlorogenin (I), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside crestagenin (II) and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranoside gloriogenin (III). Only compound III at 5 micro/ml led to 100% mortality of the S. mansoni (EC50 = 2.25 and 1.91 microg/ml for female and male worm respectively) whereas compounds I and II did not show any activity up to 50 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M El-Sayed
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Giza, Egypt.
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O'Donnell G, Bucar F, Gibbons S. Phytochemistry and antimycobacterial activity of Chlorophytum inornatum. Phytochemistry 2006; 67:178-82. [PMID: 16343565 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Revised: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 10/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In a project to investigate plant derived natural products from the Liliaceae with activity against fast-growing strains of mycobacteria, we have identified two new metabolites from Chlorophytum inornatum. The active principle, a new homoisoflavanone (1) was identified as 3-(4'-methoxybenzyl)-7,8-methylenedioxy-chroman-4-one. The metabolite assigned as 7-(1'-hydroxyethyl)-2-(2''-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydrobenzopyran (2) was characterised by extensive 1- and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The antimycobacterial activity of this plant was mainly due to the homoisoflavonoid which exhibited minimum inhibitory values ranging from 16-256 microg/ml against four strains of fast-growing mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma O'Donnell
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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Davidson TC, Newman RH, Ryan MJ. Variations in the fibre repeat between samples of cellulose I from different sources. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2889-93. [PMID: 15582616 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 10/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A powder X-ray diffractometer was used to measure the fibre repeat in cellulose I with sufficient precision to detect variations between samples from different sources. The variations were correlated with the lateral dimensions of the crystallites and were attributed to different minimum-energy fibre repeats for chains in the interiors and on the surfaces of crystallites. Results were interpreted in terms of a model for internal mechanical stress in which the interior chains were under compression and the surface chains under tension to ensure identical fibre repeats for all chains. The model was used to extrapolate the fibre repeat to a value of 1.043 nm for a hypothetical, infinitely large crystal, and to 1.029 nm for a crystallite so narrow that all chains were exposed on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony C Davidson
- Industrial Research Limited, PO Box 31310 Lower Hutt, New Zealand
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Abstract
Six new steroid glycosides--two spirostanols, polianthosides B and C (1, 2), and four furostanols, polianthosides D-G (3-6)--were isolated from the fresh tubers of Polianthes tuberosa, together with seven known spirostanols (7-13) and a known furostanol (14) saponins. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and the results of acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis. The cytotoxic activities of 1-14 against HeLa cells are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China
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Mimaki Y, Yokosuka A, Sakuma C, Sakagami H, Sashida Y. Spirostanol pentaglycosides from the underground parts of polianthestuberosa. J Nat Prod 2002; 65:1424-1428. [PMID: 12398537 DOI: 10.1021/np020133t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of the underground parts of Polianthes tuberosa has resulted in the isolation of four new spirostanol saponins with five monosaccharides (1-4). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR data, and the results of hydrolytic cleavage. The cytotoxic activities of 1-4 against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells and HSC-2 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Mimaki
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Japan.
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