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Shabnaz S, Nguyen TN, Williams R, Rubinstein SM, Garrett TJ, Tantawy M, Fradley MG, Alomar ME, Shain KH, Baz RC, Lenihan D, Cornell RF, Lu Q, Gong Y. Metabolomic signatures of carfilzomib-related cardiotoxicity in patients with multiple myeloma. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13828. [PMID: 38783568 PMCID: PMC11116757 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As a treatment for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM), carfilzomib has been associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAE). The goals of our study were to evaluate the metabolomic profile of MM patients to identify those at high risk prior to carfilzomib treatment and to explore the mechanisms of carfilzomib-CVAE to inform potential strategies to protect patients from this cardiotoxicity. Global metabolomic profiling was performed on the baseline and post-baseline plasma samples of 60 MM patients treated with carfilzomib-based therapy, including 31 who experienced CVAE, in a prospective cohort study. Baseline metabolites and post-baseline/baseline metabolite ratios that differ between the CVAE and no-CVAE patients were identified using unadjusted and adjusted methods. A baseline metabolomic risk score was created to stratify patients. We observed a lower abundance of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (T-UDCA) in CVAE patients at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21-0.94, p = 0.044) compared with the no-CVAE patients. A metabolite risk score was able to stratify patients into three risk groups. The area under the receiver-operating curve of the model with clinical predictors and metabolite risk score was 0.93. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.31-0.87, p = 0.023) was significantly lower in post-baseline/baseline ratios of CVAE patients compared with no-CVAE patients. Following metabolomic analysis, we created a baseline metabolite risk score that can stratify MM patients into different risk groups. The result also provided intriguing clues about the mechanism of carfilzomib-CVAE and potential cardioprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Shabnaz
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Trang N Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Roy Williams
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Samuel M Rubinstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marwa Tantawy
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael G Fradley
- Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammed E Alomar
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kenneth H Shain
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rachid C Baz
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Lenihan
- Cape Cardiology Group, Saint Francis Medical Center, Cape Girardeau, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert F Cornell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Cardio-Oncology Working Group, UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Ursolic Acid Ameliorates Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Improving Mitochondrial Function via Immunoproteasome-PP2A-AMPK Signalling. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041049. [PMID: 36839407 PMCID: PMC9967761 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Ursolic acid (UA), as a pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, exerts several bioactivities in animal models of different diseases, but the preventive role of UA in I/R-induced myocardial dysfunction remains largely unknown. Male wild-type mice were pre-administered with UA at a dosage of 80 mg/kg i.p. and then subjected to cardiac I/R injury for 24 h. Cardiac function and pathological changes were examined by echocardiography and histological staining. The protein and mRNA levels of the genes were determined using qPCR and immunoblotting analysis. Our results revealed that UA administration in mice significantly attenuated the I/R-induced decline in cardiac function, infarct size, myocyte apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, UA increased three immunoproteasome catalytic subunit expressions and activities, which promoted ubiquitinated PP2A degradation and activated AMPK-PGC1α signalling, leading to improved mitochondrial biosynthesis and dynamic balance. In vitro experiments confirmed that UA treatment prevented hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of AMPK signalling. In summary, our findings identify UA as a new activator of the immunoproteasome that exerts a protective role in I/R-induced myocardial dysfunction and suggest that UA supplementation could be beneficial for the prevention of cardiac ischaemic disease.
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Gao J, Yuan G, Xu Z, Lan L, Xin W. Chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids induced positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects on rat heart. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:765-773. [PMID: 32808070 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids are endogenous amphiphilic steroids from the metabolites of cholesterol. Studies showed that they might contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiopathy in cholestatic liver diseases. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) is associated with colon cancer, gallstones, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, little information is available regarding their cardiac effects. Here, we reported that CDCA (100 μM) and DCA (100 μM) significantly increased the left ventricular developed pressure of the isolated rat hearts to 122.3 ± 5.6% and 145.1 ± 13.7%, and the maximal rate of the pressure development rising and descending (± dP/dtmax) to 103.4 ± 17.6% and 124.4 ± 37.7% of the basal levels, respectively. They decreased the heart rate and prolonged the RR, QRS, and QT intervals of Langendorff-perfused hearts in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, CDCA and DCA increased the developed tension of left ventricular muscle and the cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations in left ventricular myocytes; these functions positively coordinated with their inotropic effects on hearts. Additionally, CDCA (150 μM) and DCA (100 μM) decreased the sinoatrial node beating rate to 80.6 ± 3.0% and 79.7 ± 0.9% of the basal rate (334.2 ± 10.7 bpm), respectively. These results were consistent with their chronotropic effects. In conclusion, CDCA and DCA induced positive inotropic effects by elevating the Ca2+ in left ventricular myocytes. They exerted negative chronotropic effects by lowering the pace of the sinoatrial node in rat heart. These results indicated that the potential role of bile acids in cardiopathy related to cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guanyin Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Luyao Lan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenkuan Xin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Zhang R, Ma WQ, Fu MJ, Li J, Hu CH, Chen Y, Zhou MM, Gao ZJ, He YL. Overview of bile acid signaling in the cardiovascular system. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:308-320. [PMID: 33521099 PMCID: PMC7812903 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are classically known to play a vital role in the metabolism of lipids and in absorption. It is now well established that BAs act as signaling molecules, activating different receptors (such as farnesoid X receptor, vitamin D receptor, Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5, sphingosine-1-phosphate, muscarinic receptors, and big potassium channels) and participating in the regulation of energy homeostasis and lipid and glucose metabolism. In addition, increased BAs can impair cardiovascular function in liver cirrhosis. Approximately 50% of patients with cirrhosis develop cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Exposure to high concentrations of hydrophobic BAs has been shown to be related to adverse effects with respect to vascular tension, endothelial function, arrhythmias, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and heart failure. The BAs in the serum BA pool have relevant through their hydrophobicity, and the lipophilic BAs are more harmful to the heart. Interestingly, ursodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophilic BA, and it is used as a therapeutic drug to reverse and protect the harmful cardiac effects caused by hydrophobic elevated BAs. In order to elucidate the mechanism of BAs and cardiovascular function, abundant experiments have been conducted in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this review was to explore the mechanism of BAs in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Qi Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Jun Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mi-Mi Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ying-Li He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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Ferraro E, Pozhidaeva L, Pitcher DS, Mansfield C, Koh JHB, Williamson C, Aslanidi O, Gorelik J, Ng FS. Prolonged ursodeoxycholic acid administration reduces acute ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in adult rat hearts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15284. [PMID: 32943714 PMCID: PMC7499428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (I-R) are major causes of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with a history of coronary artery disease. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has previously been shown to be antiarrhythmic in fetal hearts. This study was performed to investigate if UDCA protects against ischaemia-induced and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in the adult myocardium, and compares the effect of acute (perfusion only) versus prolonged (2 weeks pre-treatment plus perfusion) UDCA administration. Langendorff-perfused adult Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were subjected to acute regional ischaemia by ligation of the left anterior descending artery (10 min), followed by reperfusion (2 min), and arrhythmia incidence quantified. Prolonged UDCA administration reduced the incidence of acute ischaemia-induced arrhythmias (p = 0.028), with a reduction in number of ventricular ectopic beats during the ischaemic phase compared with acute treatment (10 ± 3 vs 58 ± 15, p = 0.036). No antiarrhythmic effect was observed in the acute UDCA administration group. Neither acute nor prolonged UDCA treatment altered the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias. The antiarrhythmic effect of UDCA may be partially mediated by an increase in cardiac wavelength, due to the attenuation of conduction velocity slowing (p = 0.03), and the preservation of Connexin43 phosphorylation during acute ischaemia (p = 0.0027). The potential antiarrhythmic effects of prolonged UDCA administration merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferraro
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lidia Pozhidaeva
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David S Pitcher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jia Han Benjamin Koh
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Oleg Aslanidi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Luo H, Zhou C, Chi J, Pan S, Lin H, Gao F, Ni T, Meng L, Zhang J, Jiang C, Ji Z, Lv H, Guo H. The Role of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid on Dedifferentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and as an Oral Drug Inhibiting In-Stent Restenosis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2019; 33:25-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-018-6844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hanafi NI, Mohamed AS, Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH, Othman MHD. Overview of Bile Acids Signaling and Perspective on the Signal of Ursodeoxycholic Acid, the Most Hydrophilic Bile Acid, in the Heart. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E159. [PMID: 30486474 PMCID: PMC6316857 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) are classically known as an important agent in lipid absorption and cholesterol metabolism. Nowadays, their role in glucose regulation and energy homeostasis are widely reported. BAs are involved in various cellular signaling pathways, such as protein kinase cascades, cyclic AMP (cAMP) synthesis, and calcium mobilization. They are ligands for several nuclear hormone receptors, including farnesoid X-receptor (FXR). Recently, BAs have been shown to bind to muscarinic receptor and Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), both G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), independent of the nuclear hormone receptors. Moreover, BA signals have also been elucidated in other nonclassical BA pathways, such as sphingosine-1-posphate and BK (large conductance calcium- and voltage activated potassium) channels. Hydrophobic BAs have been proven to affect heart rate and its contraction. Elevated BAs are associated with arrhythmias in adults and fetal heart, and altered ratios of primary and secondary bile acid are reported in chronic heart failure patients. Meanwhile, in patients with liver cirrhosis, cardiac dysfunction has been strongly linked to the increase in serum bile acid concentrations. In contrast, the most hydrophilic BA, known as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), has been found to be beneficial in improving peripheral blood flow in chronic heart failure patients and in protecting the heart against reperfusion injury. This review provides an overview of BA signaling, with the main emphasis on past and present perspectives on UDCA signals in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorul Izzati Hanafi
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Anis Syamimi Mohamed
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bharu 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
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Vasavan T, Ferraro E, Ibrahim E, Dixon P, Gorelik J, Williamson C. Heart and bile acids - Clinical consequences of altered bile acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1345-1355. [PMID: 29317337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction has an increased prevalence in diseases complicated by liver cirrhosis such as primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. This observation has led to research into the association between abnormalities in bile acid metabolism and cardiac pathology. Approximately 50% of liver cirrhosis cases develop cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Bile acids are directly implicated in this, causing QT interval prolongation, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and abnormal haemodynamics of the heart. Elevated maternal serum bile acids in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, a disorder which causes an impaired feto-maternal bile acid gradient, have been associated with fatal fetal arrhythmias. The hydrophobicity of individual bile acids in the serum bile acid pool is of relevance, with relatively lipophilic bile acids having a more harmful effect on the heart. Ursodeoxycholic acid can reverse or protect against these detrimental cardiac effects of elevated bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharni Vasavan
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, SE1 1UL London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Ferraro
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Effendi Ibrahim
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Medicine, MARA University of Technology, 40000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Peter Dixon
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, SE1 1UL London, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Williamson
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, SE1 1UL London, United Kingdom.
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Adeyemi O, Alvarez-Laviada A, Schultz F, Ibrahim E, Trauner M, Williamson C, Glukhov AV, Gorelik J. Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents ventricular conduction slowing and arrhythmia by restoring T-type calcium current in fetuses during cholestasis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183167. [PMID: 28934223 PMCID: PMC5608194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased maternal serum bile acid concentrations in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) are associated with fetal cardiac arrhythmias. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been shown to demonstrate anti-arrhythmic properties via preventing ICP-associated cardiac conduction slowing and development of reentrant arrhythmias, although the cellular mechanism is still being elucidated. Methods High-resolution fluorescent optical mapping of electrical activity and electrocardiogram measurements were used to characterize effects of UDCA on one-day-old neonatal and adult female Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. ICP was modelled by perfusion of taurocholic acid (TC, 400μM). Whole-cell calcium currents were recorded from neonatal rat and human fetal cardiomyocytes. Results TC significantly prolonged the PR interval by 11.0±3.5% (P<0.05) and slowed ventricular conduction velocity (CV) by 38.9±5.1% (P<0.05) exclusively in neonatal and not in maternal hearts. A similar CV decline was observed with the selective T-type calcium current (ICa,T) blocker mibefradil 1μM (23.0±6.2%, P<0.05), but not with the L-type calcium current (ICa,L) blocker nifedipine 1μM (6.9±6.6%, NS). The sodium channel blocker lidocaine (30μM) reduced CV by 60.4±4.5% (P<0.05). UDCA co-treatment was protective against CV slowing induced by TC and mibefradil, but not against lidocaine. UDCA prevented the TC-induced reduction in the ICa,T density in both isolated human fetal (−10.2±1.5 versus −5.5±0.9 pA/pF, P<0.05) and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (−22.3±1.1 versus −9.6±0.8 pA/pF, P<0.0001), whereas UDCA had limited efficacy on the ICa,L. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that ICa,T plays a significant role in ICP-associated fetal cardiac conduction slowing and arrhythmogenesis, and is an important component of the fetus-specific anti-arrhythmic activity of UDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladipupo Adeyemi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Alvarez-Laviada
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francisca Schultz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Effendi Ibrahim
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, MARA Technology University, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Michael Trauner
- Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Catherine Williamson
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Women's Health Academic Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexey V. Glukhov
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JG); (AG)
| | - Julia Gorelik
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JG); (AG)
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Systemic gut microbial modulation of bile acid metabolism in host tissue compartments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 108 Suppl 1:4523-30. [PMID: 20837534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1006734107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We elucidate the detailed effects of gut microbial depletion on the bile acid sub-metabolome of multiple body compartments (liver, kidney, heart, and blood plasma) in rats. We use a targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography with time of flight mass-spectrometry assay to characterize the differential primary and secondary bile acid profiles in each tissue and show a major increase in the proportion of taurine-conjugated bile acids in germ-free (GF) and antibiotic (streptomycin/penicillin)-treated rats. Although conjugated bile acids dominate the hepatic profile (97.0 ± 1.5%) of conventional animals, unconjugated bile acids comprise the largest proportion of the total measured bile acid profile in kidney (60.0 ± 10.4%) and heart (53.0 ± 18.5%) tissues. In contrast, in the GF animal, taurine-conjugated bile acids (especially taurocholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid) dominated the bile acid profiles (liver: 96.0 ± 14.5%; kidney: 96 ± 1%; heart: 93 ± 1%; plasma: 93.0 ± 2.3%), with unconjugated and glycine-conjugated species representing a small proportion of the profile. Higher free taurine levels were found in GF livers compared with the conventional liver (5.1-fold; P < 0.001). Bile acid diversity was also lower in GF and antibiotic-treated tissues compared with conventional animals. Because bile acids perform important signaling functions, it is clear that these chemical communication networks are strongly influenced by microbial activities or modulation, as evidenced by farnesoid X receptor-regulated pathway transcripts. The presence of specific microbial bile acid co-metabolite patterns in peripheral tissues (including heart and kidney) implies a broader signaling role for these compounds and emphasizes the extent of symbiotic microbial influences in mammalian homeostasis.
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Kim TH, Lee SM. The effects of ginseng total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol on ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1516-20. [PMID: 20353807 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of ginseng total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol, which are the major components of Panax ginseng, against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in isolated rat hearts. Rats were orally administered once a day with total saponin (20 mg/kg), panaxadiol (5 mg/kg) and panaxatriol (5 mg/kg) for consecutive 7 days. On day 8, the hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer solution using Langendorff apparatus. After 30 min of global ischemia, hearts were reperfused for 30 min. Myocardial function, coronary flow and biochemical parameters, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. Total saponin and panaxatriol significantly improved I/R-induced myocardial dysfunction by increasing left ventricular development pressure, (-dP/dt)/(+dP/dt) and time to contracture. Moreover, the increases in the levels of LDH, CK and MDA and the decrease in the levels of GSH were attenuated by total saponin and panaxatriol. However, the ATP levels did not affected by total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol pretreatment. Our findings suggest that pretreatment with ginseng total saponin, especially panaxatriol, ameliorates I/R-induced myocardial damage and this protection is caused by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Induction of regulatory T cells and indefinite survival of fully allogeneic cardiac grafts by ursodeoxycholic acid in mice. Transplantation 2010; 88:1360-70. [PMID: 20029332 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181bc2f4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been used to treat patients with cholestatic and autoimmune liver diseases. Several studies have addressed whether UDCA can inhibit graft rejection in experimental and clinical transplantation, but the results have varied. We investigated the effect of UDCA and the mechanism of its effect on alloimmune responses in a murine model of cardiac transplantation. METHODS CBA mice underwent transplantation of a C57BL/10 heart and received a single dose of UDCA. Survival times of the allografts were recorded. An adoptive transfer study was conducted to determine whether regulatory cells were generated. The effects on graft survival of adding FK506 or cyclosporine A (CyA) to UDCA treatment were assessed. Histologic, cell proliferation, and cytokine assessments were performed. RESULTS CBA recipients given UDCA (25 mg/kg) had indefinite allograft survival (median survival time [MST], >100 days). UDCA also suppressed proliferation of splenocytes and production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and interferon-gamma, and up-regulated IL-10 production. Adoptive transfer of either whole splenocytes or CD4+ cells from UDCA-treated allograft recipients resulted in indefinite survival of allografts in naive secondary recipients (MST, >100 days). Adoptive transfer of CD4+ CD25+ cells from UDCA-treated recipients significantly prolonged allograft survival in naive secondary recipients (MST, >80 days). FK506 (0.1 mg/kg/day) was compatible with the induction of indefinite allograft survival by UDCA, whereas CyA (10 mg/kg/day) abrogated the effect of UDCA. CONCLUSION UDCA induced unresponsiveness to fully allogeneic cardiac allografts and generated CD4+ CD25+ regulatory cells in our model. FK506, but not CyA, was compatible with UDCA treatment.
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13
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Boatright JH, Nickerson JM, Moring AG, Pardue MT. Bile acids in treatment of ocular disease. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor 2009; 2:149-159. [PMID: 20046852 PMCID: PMC2798994 DOI: 10.1007/s12177-009-9030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bear bile has been included in Asian pharmacopeias for thousands of years in treatment of several diseases, ranging from sore throat to hemorrhoids. The hydrophilic bile acids tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) are the major bile acids of bear bile. Both of these are available as synthetic formulations and are approved by the health administrations of several countries for treatment of cirrhosis and gallstones. This review briefly covers the use of bear bile in Traditional Chinese Medicine, bile acid physiology, approved use of UDCA and TUDCA in Western medicine, and recent research exploring their neuroprotective properties, including in models of ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H. Boatright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, B5511 Emory Eye Center, 1365-B Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - John M. Nickerson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, B5511 Emory Eye Center, 1365-B Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Anisha G. Moring
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, B5511 Emory Eye Center, 1365-B Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Machelle T. Pardue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, B5511 Emory Eye Center, 1365-B Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- Rehab R&D CoE, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA USA
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14
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Furuta S, Hori T, Ohyama T. KP-102 (growth hormone-releasing peptide-2) attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2006; 373:360-6. [PMID: 16773386 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-006-0079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
KP-102, a synthetic growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide, exerts a variety of effects on cardiac function. In the present study, we investigated the direct cardiac effects of KP-102 with regard to ischemia/reperfusion injury by using isolated rat hearts. Isolated Wistar rat hearts were mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 40 min of reperfusion. The rat hearts were treated with 0.1-10 nmol/l KP-102 beginning from 15 min before ischemia until the end of the experiment, with the exception of the ischemia period. Cardiac parameters such as the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum dP/dt (+dP/dtmax), minimum dP/dt (-dP/dtmax), and heart rate (HR) were measured. The following ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac dysfunctions were observed: increased LVEDP and decreased LVDP, +dP/dtmax, and -dP/dtmax. KP-102 at a dose of 0.1 nmol/l or more induced lower LVEDP and higher LVDP and gave higher +dP/dtmax and -dP/dtmax values during the reperfusion as compared with the control groups. In particular, KP-102 at 10 nmol/l clearly suppressed the increase in the LVEDP after reperfusion; eventually, the LVEDP was restored to the preischemia level. At 40 min of reperfusion, 10 nmol/l KP-102 noticeably increased the LVDP, +dP/dtmax, and -dP/dtmax, as compared with the control. KP-102 had no effect on the HR throughout the experiment. In conclusion, KP-102 improved cardiac function in rat isolated hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury, which is independent of GH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayoshi Furuta
- Pharmacology Department, Central Research Laboratories, Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 14, Shinomiya, Kyoto 607-8042, Japan.
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15
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Ma J, Nakajima T, Iida H, Iwasawa K, Terasawa K, Oonuma H, Jo T, Morita T, Imuta H, Suzuki JI, Hirose K, Okuda Y, Yamada N, Nagai R, Omata M. Inhibitory effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on the induction of nitric oxide synthase in vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 464:79-86. [PMID: 12620498 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(03)01373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the resultant increased nitric oxide production are associated with endotoxemia and atherosclerotic lesions observed in transplant hearts or balloon-injured artery. Ursodeoxycholic acid has been shown to have cardiovascular protective effects, such as inhibition of the development of transplant arteriosclerosis, but its mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on nitric oxide production and the expression of iNOS in vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from adult rat aorta and rabbit coronary artery. Nitrite released from cells in the culture medium was measured with the Griess reaction. iNOS mRNA and protein were measured by Northern and Western blot analyses. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (30-1000 microM) significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner, but ursodeoxycholic acid showed only small inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production that had already been induced by lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-gamma. Ursodeoxycholic acid by itself did not affect basal nitric oxide production. Ursodeoxycholic acid also suppressed lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-gamma-induced expression of iNOS mRNA and protein. Ursodeoxycholic acid had the most potent inhibitory effect among various kinds of bile acids examined, i.e. chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, cholic acid and conjugated bile acids such as tauroursodeoxycholic acid. These results suggest that ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits the induction of iNOS and then nitric oxide production in aortic and coronary artery smooth muscle cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the cardiovascular protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid under various pathophysiological conditions such as endotoxemia and atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rabbits
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Time Factors
- Ursodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Japan
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