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Cuoghi S, Caraffi R, Anderlini A, Baraldi C, Enzo E, Vandelli MA, Tosi G, Ruozi B, Duskey JT, Ottonelli I. Challenges of enzyme therapy: Why two players are better than one. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1979. [PMID: 38955512 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-based therapy has garnered significant attention for its current applications in various diseases. Despite the notable advantages associated with the use of enzymes as therapeutic agents, that could have high selectivity, affinity, and specificity for the target, their application faces challenges linked to physico-chemical and pharmacological properties. These limitations can be addressed through the encapsulation of enzymes in nanoplatforms as a comprehensive solution to mitigate their degradation, loss of activity, off-target accumulation, and immunogenicity, thus enhancing bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and circulation time, thereby reducing the number of administrations, and ameliorating patient compliance. The exploration of novel nanomedicine-based enzyme therapeutics for the treatment of challenging diseases stands as a paramount goal in the contemporary scientific landscape, but even then it is often not enough. Combining an enzyme with another therapeutic (e.g., a small molecule, another enzyme or protein, a monoclonal antibody, or a nucleic acid) within a single nanocarrier provides innovative multidrug-integrated therapy and ensures that both the actives arrive at the target site and exert their therapeutic effect, leading to synergistic action and superior therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, this strategic approach could be extended to gene therapy, a field that nowadays has gained increasing attention, as enzymes acting at genomic level and nucleic acids may be combined for synergistic therapy. This multicomponent therapeutic approach opens opportunities for promising future developments. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cuoghi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caraffi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Anderlini
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Baraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Enzo
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ottonelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Anwar S, Alrumaihi F, Sarwar T, Babiker AY, Khan AA, Prabhu SV, Rahmani AH. Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Catalase: Strategies in Disease Prevention and Management. Biomolecules 2024; 14:697. [PMID: 38927099 PMCID: PMC11201554 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant defense mechanisms play a critical role in mitigating the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase stands out as a paramount enzymatic antioxidant. It efficiently catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen, a potentially harmful byproduct of cellular metabolism. This reaction detoxifies H2O2 and prevents oxidative damage. Catalase has been extensively studied as a therapeutic antioxidant. Its applications range from direct supplementation in conditions characterized by oxidative stress to gene therapy approaches to enhance endogenous catalase activity. The enzyme's stability, bioavailability, and the specificity of its delivery to target tissues are significant hurdles. Furthermore, studies employing conventional catalase formulations often face issues related to enzyme purity, activity, and longevity in the biological milieu. Addressing these challenges necessitates rigorous scientific inquiry and well-designed clinical trials. Such trials must be underpinned by sound experimental designs, incorporating advanced catalase formulations or novel delivery systems that can overcome existing limitations. Enhancing catalase's stability, specificity, and longevity in vivo could unlock its full therapeutic potential. It is necessary to understand the role of catalase in disease-specific contexts, paving the way for precision antioxidant therapy that could significantly impact the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Mohan Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Mohan Group of Institutions, Bareilly 243302, India;
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Sarwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sitrarasu Vijaya Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirapalli 620001, India;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Bahreiny SS, Ahangarpour A, Saki N, Dabbagh MR, Ebrahimi R, Mahdizade AH, Ghorbani H, Aghaei M. Association of Free Radical Product and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1486-1495. [PMID: 38212583 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age. It is recognized as the leading cause of infertility due to anovulation. This research aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of oxidative stress biomarkers, including advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid (UA), and nitric oxide (NO), in identifying PCOS. METHODS A literature search was conducted in the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to assess the correlation between free radical product and PCOS. Moreover, the presence of heterogeneity among the studies was assessed utilizing the I2 statistic and Cochran Q test. The methodological rigor of the incorporated studies was assessed through the application of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Furthermore, the presence of publication bias was determined via Begg and Egger tests. RESULTS This meta-analysis reviewed 38 observational studies, including 17,845 women. The results revealed a significant association between PCOS in women and alterations in free radical levels. The study revealed that the PCOS group had significantly higher levels of AOPP (SMD = 3.193; 95% CI, 2.86 to 3.25), UA (SMD = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.13), and MDA (SMD = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.56) compared to the healthy control group. Furthermore, the analysis found a significantly lower level of NO (SMD = (- 0.59); 95% CI, - 1.15 to - 0.03) in the PCOS patient. CONCLUSION Screening of specific biomarkers associated with free radical products could provide valuable benefits in the prognosis and diagnosis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahdizade
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Hu J, Luo X, Panga MJ, Appiah C, Retyunskiy V, Zhu L, Zhao Y. Toxic effects and potential mechanisms of zinc pyrithione (ZPT) exposure on sperm and testicular injury in zebrafish. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132575. [PMID: 37741212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is widely recognized for its beneficial properties as an antifouling, antibacterial, and antifungal agent. Despite its positive industrial contributions, ZPT has been proven to exhibit toxicity towards various ecosystems, particularly affecting marine life. However, there is still a dearth of comprehensive research on ZPT toxicity and its toxicological mechanism in reproductive systems of aquatic organisms. In our study, we conducted a thorough analysis and unveiled a multitude of abnormalities in zebrafish sperm and testicular tissue caused by ZPT exposure, including a dose-dependent diminishing of testosterone levels, various sperm deformities, decreased sperm concentration and motility, and ROS-induced testicular tissue DNA damage. In addition, our study suggested that ZPT-induced testicular damage is associated with heightened oxidative stress, apoptosis, and possible hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. Through RNA-seq analysis, a total of 409 DEGs associated with ZPT-induced testicular injury were identified, and the hub gene was determined using a protein-protein interaction network (PPI). The genes and pathways uncovered in this study point to potential mechanisms of ZPT exposure on sperm and testicular injury in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xu Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mogellah John Panga
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Clara Appiah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Vladimir Retyunskiy
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Zhang Z, Tringides ML, Morgan CE, Miyagi M, Mears JA, Hoppel CL, Yu EW. High-Resolution Structural Proteomics of Mitochondria Using the 'Build and Retrieve' Methodology. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100666. [PMID: 37839702 PMCID: PMC10709515 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of integrated systems biology to the field of structural biology is a promising new direction, although it is still in the infant stages of development. Here we report the use of single particle cryo-EM to identify multiple proteins from three enriched heterogeneous fractions prepared from human liver mitochondrial lysate. We simultaneously identify and solve high-resolution structures of nine essential mitochondrial enzymes with key metabolic functions, including fatty acid catabolism, reactive oxidative species clearance, and amino acid metabolism. Our methodology also identified multiple distinct members of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. This work highlights the potential of cryo-EM to explore tissue proteomics at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Marios L Tringides
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher E Morgan
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Masaru Miyagi
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason A Mears
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward W Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Yao L, Bojic D, Liu M. Applications and safety of gold nanoparticles as therapeutic devices in clinical trials. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:960-967. [PMID: 37842655 PMCID: PMC10568098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential. However, the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an important question that remains unanswered. This study reviews over 20 clinical trials focused on GNP safety and aims to summarize all the clinical studies, completed and ongoing, to identify whether GNPs are safe to use in humans as a therapeutic platform. In these studies, GNPs were implemented as drug delivery devices, for photothermal therapy, and utilized for their intrinsic therapeutic effects by various routes of delivery. These studies revealed no major safety concerns with the use of GNPs; however, the number of trials and total patient number remains limited. Multi-dose, multi-center blinded trials are required to deepen our understanding of the use of GNPs in clinical settings to facilitate translation of this novel, multifaceted therapeutic device. Expanding clinical trials will require collaboration between clinicians, scientists, and biotechnology companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeann Yao
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Dejan Bojic
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Medicine and Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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Lee J, Islam M, Yoo Y, Kim S, Kim R, Jang Y, Lee S, Hwang H, Shin H, Hwang J, Kim K, Park B, Ahn D, Lee Y, Kim T, Kim I, Yoon J, Tae H. Changes of antioxidant enzymes in the kidney after cardiac arrest in the rat model. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12408. [PMID: 36790289 PMCID: PMC9925192 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of death and disability. Asphyxial CA (ACA)-induced kidney damage is a crucial factor in reducing the survival rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of antioxidant enzymes in histopathological renal damage in an ACA rat model at different time points. A total of 88 rats were divided into five groups and exposed to ACA except for the sham group. To evaluate glomerular function and oxidative stress, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Crtn) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in renal tissues were measured. To determine histopathological damage, hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and Masson's trichrome staining were performed. Expression levels of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival rate of the experimental rats was reduced to 80% at 6 h, 55% at 12 h, 42.9% at 1 day, and 33% at 2 days after return of spontaneous circulation. Levels of BUN, Crtn, and MDA started to increase significantly in the early period of CA induction. Renal histopathological damage increased markedly from 6 h until two days post-CA. Additionally, expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased at 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, and 2 days after CA. CA-induced oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD-1, SOD-2, CAT, GPx) from 6 h to two days could be possible mediators of severe renal tissue damage and increased mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.H. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - M.S. Islam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y.J. Yoo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - S.E. Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - R.H. Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y.J. Jang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - S.H. Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - H.P. Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - H.Y. Shin
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - J.H. Hwang
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - K. Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - B.Y. Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - D. Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - T. Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - I.S. Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - J.C. Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - H.J. Tae
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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Samal RR, Sundaray K, Tulsiyan KD, Saha S, Chainy GBN, Subudhi U. Compromised conformation and kinetics of catalase in the presence of propylthiouracil: A biophysical study and alleviation by curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1547-1559. [PMID: 36455824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibitory effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) on bovine liver catalase (BLC) activity was studied in the presence of curcumin (CUR). The results suggest that the PTU-induced decrease in BLC activity was caused by a change in conformation of BLC with reduced α-helical content and decrease in zeta potential. Nevertheless, temperature-dependent activation of CUR protects the activity of BLC by restoring the secondary conformation and zeta potential of BLC. CUR inhibited the time-induced reduction in BLC activity and the protection was increased with increasing concentrations of CUR and found to be significant even from 1:0.1 molar ratios. The enzyme kinetics confirmed the high catalytic efficiency of BLC in presence of CUR than PTU. The protective role of CUR was due to the formation of a more stabilized complex as demonstrated by molecular docking, and fourier-transform infrared study. Isothermal titration calorimetric study supports for a favourable reaction between BLC and PTU or CUR due to the negative ΔH, and positive TΔS. Although the number of binding sites for PTU and CUR was found to be 10 and 7, respectively, the binding affinity between CUR and BLC is approximately 3.72 fold stronger than BLC-PTU complex. The increased melting temperature of BLC was noticed in presence of CUR suggesting the protective potential of CUR towards biomolecules. Indeed, this is the first biophysical study to describe the molecular mechanism of PTU-induced reduction in BLC activity and alleviation by CUR with detail kinetics. Thus, CUR can be further extended to other antioxidant enzymes or compromised biomolecules for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Samal
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kajal Sundaray
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran D Tulsiyan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sumit Saha
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Materials Chemistry Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Chitosan Nanoparticles Alleviated the Adverse Effects of Sildenafil on the Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9944985. [PMID: 36891377 PMCID: PMC9988388 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9944985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sildenafil (SF) is widely used for erectile dysfunction and other conditions, though with limitations regarding oral absorption and adverse effects. Despite nanotechnological improvements, the effect of nanocarriers on SF hepatotoxicity has not been documented to date. This study aimed at assessing the impact of chitosan nanoparticles either uncoated (CS NPs) or Tween 80-coated (T-CS NPs) on the effects of SF on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats. Test SF-CS NPs prepared by ionic gelation were uniform positively charged nanospheres (diameter 178-215 nm). SF was administered intraperitoneally to male rats (1.5 mg/kg body weight) in free or nanoencapsulated forms as SF-CS NPs and T-SF-CS NPs for 3 weeks. Free SF significantly suppressed the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the levels of glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as in an indirect measure of free radicals. Interestingly, SF-CS NPs and T-SF-CS-NPs treatments significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of SF on the activity of these enzymes whereas, GST activity was inhibited. Moreover, the protein expression of GST was downregulated upon treatment of rats with free SF, SF-CS-NPs, and T-SF CS-NPs. In contrast, the activity and protein expression of GPx was induced by SF-CS NPs and T-SF-CS-NPs treatments. The histopathological study showed that SF induced multiple adverse effects on the rat liver architecture which were markedly suppressed particularly by T-SF-CS NPs. In conclusion, chitosan nanoencapsulation of SF counteracted the adverse effects of SF on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and liver architecture. Findings might have significant implications in improving the safety and efficacy of SF treatment of the widely expanding disease conditions.
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Iborra M, Moret I, Busó E, García-Giménez JL, Ricart E, Gisbert JP, Cabré E, Esteve M, Márquez-Mosquera L, García-Planella E, Guardiola J, Pallardó FV, Serena C, Algaba-Chueca F, Domenech E, Nos P, Beltrán B. The Genetic Diversity and Dysfunctionality of Catalase Associated with a Worse Outcome in Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415881. [PMID: 36555526 PMCID: PMC9785615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gut inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and an imbalance of antioxidant enzymes. We have previously shown that catalase (CAT) activity is permanently inhibited by CD. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is any relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAT enzyme and the potential risk of CD associated with high levels of oxidative stress. Additionally, we used protein and regulation analyses to determine what causes long-term CAT inhibition in peripheral white mononuclear cells (PWMCs) in both active and inactive CD. We first used a retrospective cohort of 598 patients with CD and 625 age-matched healthy controls (ENEIDA registry) for the genotype analysis. A second human cohort was used to study the functional and regulatory mechanisms of CAT in CD. We isolated PWMCs from CD patients at the onset of the disease (naïve CD patients). In the genotype-association SNP analysis, the CAT SNPs rs1001179, rs475043, and rs525938 showed a significant association with CD (p < 0.001). Smoking CD patients with the CAT SNP rs475043 A/G genotype had significantly more often penetrating disease (p = 0.009). The gene expression and protein levels of CAT were permanently reduced in the active and inactive CD patients. The inhibition of CAT activity in the PWMCs of the CD patients was related to a low concentration of CAT protein caused by the downregulation of CAT-gene transcription. Our study suggests an association between CAT SNPs and the risk of CD that may explain permanent CAT inhibition in CD patients together with low CAT gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Iborra
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Inés Moret
- Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Busó
- Central Unit for Research in Medicine (UCIM), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Ricart
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clìnic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBEREHD, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Cabré
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Maria Esteve
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, CIBEREHD, 08221 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Márquez-Mosquera
- Servei de Digestiu, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther García-Planella
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospital de Llobregat-Barcelona, 08901 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Serena
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Eugeni Domenech
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Pilar Nos
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Beltrán
- Hospital Vithas Virgen del Consuelo, 46007 Valencia, Spain
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Ligina V, Martin R, Aiswarya MV, Mashirin KR, Chitra KC. Acute and sublethal effects of acrylamide on the freshwater fish Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90835-90851. [PMID: 35879632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide, a synthetic compound, has a wide range of industrial applications that find multiple ways to reach aquatic ecosystem. The median lethal concentration of acrylamide determined using probit analysis in the fish Anabas testudineus was 132 µg L-1 concentration together with altered behavioral patterns. Hematological and antioxidant status was evaluated at a sublethal concentration (one-tenth of LC50-96 h), i.e., 13.2 µg L-1 concentration for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. A reduction in erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content, and packed cell volume with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in leukocyte counts and differential counts were observed. Erythrocyte indices like mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) increased, whereas the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease when compared with control groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase in gill tissues showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction, whereas the levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation increased significantly (P < 0.05) indicating oxidative stress. The findings suggest that acrylamide at sublethal concentration caused alteration in hematological parameters and induced oxidative stress in gill tissue of the fish A. testudineus. Hence, restrictions on the use of acrylamide in food and industrial products are recommended since humans are the direct consumer of fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velliyath Ligina
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Ranjana Martin
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | | | - Kajahussain Reeha Mashirin
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Kumari Chidambaran Chitra
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India.
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12
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Silva AM, Almeida A, Dall’Acqua S, Loschi F, Sarmento B, Costa PC, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Insights into the 3D In Vitro Permeability and In Vivo Antioxidant Protective Effects of Kiwiberry Leaf Extract: A Step Forward to Human Nutraceutical Use. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214130. [PMID: 36430606 PMCID: PMC9692619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. (kiwiberry) leaves are a source of phenolic compounds with pro-health biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Despite the huge number of studies reporting the composition of A. arguta leaves, no in vitro or in vivo studies explore its potential use as nutraceutical ingredient based on these activities. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the safety profile of kiwiberry leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches through the assessment of intestinal cell viability (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX), 3D intestinal permeation, and, most important, the redox markers, biochemical profile and liver and kidney function effects after the animal assays. Briefly, wistar rats were orally treated for 7 days with kiwiberry leaf extracts (50 and 75 mg/kg bw), water (negative control), or vitamin C (positive control). The cell viability was above 90% at 1000 μg/mL for both cells. Coumaroyl quinic acid and rutin achieved a permeation higher than 25% in the 3D intestinal model. The animal studies confirmed the extracts' ability to increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase content in animals' livers and kidneys while simultaneously decreasing the triglycerides content. This study highlighted the antioxidant capacity of kiwiberry leaf extracts, ensuring their efficacy and safety as a nutraceutical ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Almeida
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Paulo C. Costa
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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Lyu C, Sun Y. Immunometabolism in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1055958. [PMID: 36439174 PMCID: PMC9684661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common depigmenting skin disorder characterized by the selective loss of melanocytes. Autoimmunity, genetic, environmental, and biochemical etiology have been proposed in vitiligo pathogenesis. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of vitiligo development and progression are unclear, particularly for immunometabolism. Sporadic studies have suggested mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced oxidative stress, and specific defects in other metabolic pathways can promote dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses in vitiligo. These abnormalities appear to be driven by genetic and epigenetic factors modulated by stochastic events. In addition, glucose and lipid abnormalities in metabolism have been associated with vitiligo. Specific skin cell populations are also involved in the critical role of dysregulation of metabolic pathways, including melanocytes, keratinocytes, and tissue-resident memory T cells in vitiligo pathogenesis. Novel therapeutic treatments are also raised based on the abnormalities of immunometabolism. This review summarizes the current knowledge on immunometabolism reprogramming in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and novel treatment options.
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Zhao Y, Wang H, Duah PA, Retyunskiy V, Liu Y, Chen G. Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) -induced embryonic toxicogenomic responses reveal involvement of oxidative damage, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 248:106195. [PMID: 35594629 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is a frequently used organometallic biocide, carrying potentially adverse consequences to multiple species in the environment. Previously we have demonstrated its embryonic, organ developmental and liver metabolic toxicity of zebrafish. However, details of ZPT toxicity during embryogenesis are still limited. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of ZPT-induced embryonic toxicogenomic responses by morphological investigations, transcriptome and gene quantitative analysis, as well as biochemical assays. The results revealed that treatment with ZPT caused embryogenesis toxicity, specifically in irregular cell division and rearrangement, delayed differentiations of eyes and notochords, the epiboly and germ ring formation and somite segmentation defects. In addition, ZPT exposure altered gene expression during early embryonic development, especially related with morphological abnormities and metabolic dysfunctions including reduction of oxidoreductase activity. Activities of antioxidants and caspases examinations showed inductions of oxidative stress and apoptosis by ZPT and quantitative analysis of marker genes further indicated that ZPT also triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Thus, we deduce here that ZPT-induced embryonic toxicogenomic responses reveal involvement of oxidative damage, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Huiling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | | | - Vladimir Retyunskiy
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yizheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Guoguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
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15
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Huang Y, Wei L, Huang Y, Wen S, Liu T, Duan X, Wang Y, Zhang H, Fan B, Hu B. Identification of distinct genomic features reveals frequent somatic AHNAK and PTEN mutations predominantly in primary malignant melanoma presenting in the ureter. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:930-943. [PMID: 35578896 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the ureter is extremely rare. Genetic variants to the increased risk of developing the disease have not yet been investigated. METHODS Tumour mutation profiling for primary malignant melanoma of the ureter was performed by whole-exome sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was performed to verify histopathological features and the variants of predisposing genes and driver mutation genes. Furthermore, we conducted a literature review and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result-based study by searching public databases. RESULTS We identified 38 somatic single nucleotide variants and 9 somatic insertions and deletions (INDELs) in tumour specimens. After filtering with the Cancer Gene Census database, seven predisposing genes and two driver mutation genes were identified. Moreover, the immunohistochemical profile showed that tumour cells were positive for Melan-A, melanoma gp100 human melanoma black 45 (HMB45), S100 beta and P53. The expression levels of two driver mutation genes (phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and desmoyokin (AHNAK) and five predisposing genes (AT-rich interaction domain 1B (ARID1B), catalase, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3 (EIF4G3), ANK3 and collagen type I) were significantly downregulated in tumour tissues compared to paracancerous tissues. In the literature review and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-based study, patients with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract had worse clinical outcomes than patients with primary urothelial carcinoma after 1:2 propensity score matching (P = 0.010). Additionally, Cox multivariate analysis for patients with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract indicated that distant metastasis (hazard ratio = 1.185; P = 0.044) was an independent predictor for overall survival, and tumour focality (hazard ratio = 0.602; P = 0.017) and non-surgery (hazard ratio = 0.434; P = 0.003) were independent factors for tumour progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to provide evidence that the distinct phenotypes of primary malignant melanoma of the ureter may be due to different genetic variations. The prognosis of primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract was poorer than that of primary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanbin Huang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Duan
- First Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- First Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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16
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Kafeel S, Hashim Z, Fawwad A, Nawab SN. Predisposition of SOD1, GPX1, CAT genetic variants and their haplotypes in cataractogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:623-632. [PMID: 35037135 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cataract formation is accelerated by hyperglycemia due to the excessive production of oxidative stress. This study aimed to examine the underlaying role of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) rs1800668, catalase (CAT) rs1001179 and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) 50 bp Indel promotor region variants in the pathogenesis of cataract in patients with diabetes. METHODS A population-based case-control study of n=680 individuals was conducted which comprised of four respective groups: type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic cataract, senile cataract patients and controls. Screening of genotypes was performed by allele-specific (AS) and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical testing was carried out using SPSS© 20.0, MedCal© and SNPStats© software's. Bioinformatics analysis of linkage disequilibrium was done by HaploView© software 7.0. RESULTS GPX1 (rs1800668) showed significant association with higher susceptibility of opacification in type 2 diabetes mellitus (χ2=23.0, Adjusted OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.05-2.49, p<0.001). A protective role was anticipated by CAT variant (rs1001179) for the development of resistance against the pathogenicity of cataract with diabetes (χ2 = 107, Adjusted OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.10-0.29, p<0.001). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plot of GPX1 and CAT variants revealed that CTC-CTT haplotypes demonstrated the presence of linkage (D'=1.0) and co-inheritance (LOD=13.84) in patients of diabetic cataract. CONCLUSIONS GPX1 (rs1800668) variant may serve as an antioxidant biomarker for the assessment of risk for cataract in type 2 diabetes mellitus. GPX1 enzyme owed an antioxidant activity which can reduce the oxidative stress and hence could develop resistance in cataractogenesis. The findings could be beneficial as a potential target to the future pharmacogenomic studies of cataract prevention and eradication in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanober Kafeel
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Hashim
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asher Fawwad
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Karachi, 74600, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, 75340, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Nuzhat Nawab
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Yadav N. Cerium oxide nanostructures: properties, biomedical applications and surface coatings. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:121. [PMID: 35547014 PMCID: PMC9035199 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles have significantly improved catalytic properties and are of increasing interest in the nanoparticle research field hence the current trends in cerium oxide nanoparticles are reviewed here. Unlike previous reviews which have focused primarily on the biosynthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles, their properties, and applications, this review will focus on the unique physical, chemical, and biological properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles, the role of oxygen vacancies or defects in the lattice structure, the ratio of oxidation states in determining their catalytic properties and applications in biosensing, drug or gene delivery, etc. have been discussed. Furthermore, the limitations of the bare form of cerium oxide nanoparticles and the advances in the field of surface coating by different ligands to overcome the issues of bare nanoparticles have been discussed. The review concludes with a discussion on the environmental aspects and toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles and their potential future in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Nanomaterials and Toxicology Laboratory, Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
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18
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Ogunmoyole T, Oluwapelum A, Adeola A, Jayeola Ma O. Ameliorative Potential of Methanolic Extract of Persea americana Leaves on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic and Renal Injury in Albino Rat. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2022.178.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Cui T, Ju HB, Liu PF, Ma YJ, Zhang FX. A case report of CAT gene and HNF1β gene variations in a patient with early-onset diabetes. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:344-350. [PMID: 35480487 PMCID: PMC8989158 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Complex forms of diabetes are the ultimate common pathway involving multiple genetic variations and multiple environmental factors. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is classified as complex diabetes. Varying degrees of insulin deficiency and tissue insulin resistance are two key links to T2DM. The islet β cell dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. The decompensation of the islet β cell to insulin resistance is a common mechanism leading to the pathogenesis of T2DM. Available data show that genetic factors mainly affect cell function. At present, a number of susceptibility genes related to T2DM have been reported at home and abroad. In this study, the diabetes-related genes in the case of early-onset diabetes with a significant family history were examined, and our results showed the presence of the intron mutations of catalase (CAT) gene and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) gene. The patient enrolled in this study was observed and analyzed, thus, increasing further understanding of the genes associated with diabetes and exploring the pathogenesis of diabetes from the molecular level. This is significant for guiding the prevention, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cui
- Department of Endocrine, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Libration Army , Xishan District , Kunming 650032 , China
| | - Hai-Bing Ju
- Department of Endocrine, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Libration Army , Xishan District , Kunming 650032 , China
| | - Peng-Fei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Western Theater Command Air Force Hospital , Chengdu 610000 , China
| | - Yun-Jun Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Libration Army , Kunming 650032 , China
| | - Fu-Xian Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Libration Army , Xishan District , Kunming 650032 , China
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Somasundaram S, Abraham JS, Maurya S, Toteja R, Gupta R, Makhija S. Molecular characterization and transcriptional modulation of stress-responsive genes under heavy metal stress in freshwater ciliate, Euplotes aediculatus. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:271-288. [PMID: 34982303 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants in the environment are increasing exponentially due to various anthropogenic factors including mining, industrial and agricultural wastes. Living organisms exposed to heavy metals above a certain threshold level induces deleterious effects in these organisms. To live in such severe environments, microbes have developed a range of tolerance mechanisms which include upregulation of stress-responsive genes and/or antioxidant enzymes to detoxify the metal stress. Single cell eukaryotic microorganisms, i.e., ciliates, are highly sensitive to environmental pollutants mainly due to the absence of cell wall, which make them suitable candidates for conducting ecotoxicological studies. Therefore, the present investigation describes the effects of heavy metals (cadmium and copper) on freshwater ciliate, Euplotes aediculatus. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase and glutathione peroxidase in E. aediculatus were determined under heavy metal exposure. Besides, the expression of stress-responsive genes, namely, heat-shock protein 70 (hsp70) and catalase (cat), has also been determined in this freshwater ciliate species under metal stress. The present study showed that the enzyme activity and the expression of these genes increased with an increase in the heavy metal concentration and with the duration of metal exposure. Also, these stress-responsive genes were sequenced and characterized to comprehend their role in cell rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sripoorna Somasundaram
- Ciliate Biology Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jeeva Susan Abraham
- Ciliate Biology Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Swati Maurya
- Ciliate Biology Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Toteja
- Ciliate Biology Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Gupta
- Zoology Department, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Seema Makhija
- Ciliate Biology Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Kant V, Sharma M, Jangir BL, Kumar V. Acceleration of wound healing by quercetin in diabetic rats requires mitigation of oxidative stress and stimulation of the proliferative phase. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:461-472. [PMID: 35105256 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2022.2032829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress in diabetic wound areas impairs wound healing. Quercetin exhibits significant antioxidant properties. We investigated the effects of topical quercetin on antioxidant status in diabetic wound areas and its effect on wound healing in rats. A 2 cm2 cutaneous wound was produced on the back of streptozotocin induced diabetic and normal rats. Rats were divided into three groups of 20: normal healthy control group, diabetic group and quercetin treated diabetic group. The control and diabetic groups were treated topically with ointment base once daily for 21 days. The quercetin treated diabetic rats were treated similarly with ointment containing quercetin. The quercetin treated diabetic group exhibited increased levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and total thiols compared to the diabetic group. Nitrite levels in the diabetic group were decreased significantly on day 3 compared to the healthy control group. Malondialdehyde levels were decreased in the quercetin treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen) (PCNA) was greater in the quercetin treated diabetic group on day 7 compared to healthy control and diabetic groups. Formation of granulation tissue and the quality of healed tissue was improved in the quercetin treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. Quercetin improves antioxidant status in wounds of diabetic rats and stimulates the proliferation phase, which accelerates wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kant
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
| | - Maneesh Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hisar, India
| | - Babu Lal Jangir
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
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22
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Assessment of the Parameters of Oxidative Stress Depending on the Metabolic and Anthropometric Status Indicators in Women with PCOS. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020225. [PMID: 35207512 PMCID: PMC8875875 DOI: 10.3390/life12020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in females of reproductive age. In women with PCOS, metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other elements of metabolic syndrome are likely to occur. Studies have shown an increase in the concentration and activity of oxidative stress (OS) markers in patients with PCOS, compared to that in unaffected women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters of OS in PCOS and their activity in relation to women without menstrual disorders with a normal body weight. Then, we compared malonodialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), including overweight and obesity, hyperandrogenemia, and IR in the PCOS group. The study included 35 women aged 18–46, hospitalized for menstrual disorders in the form of infrequent menstruation. In 26 women, PCOS was diagnosed on the basis of the Rotterdam Criteria; these patients qualified for the study group. The control group (n = 21) consisted of patients without menstrual disorders and without PCOS in an ultrasound examination. Patients were diagnosed between the 2nd and 5th day of the cycle. The parameters of OS were analyzed and compared with the anthropometric parameters and the lipid profile of the patients. Enzymatic activity of GPx, CAT, SOD, and MDA levels was determined in both groups. MDA levels and CAT activity differed significantly between the groups. There was a decrease in MDA levels in the IR group and the involvement of GPx in the excess weight and obesity and IR group accompanied by an increase in hip circumference. It therefore seems that IR may be the main risk factor to exposure to OS in patients with PCOS, independent from obesity. In addition, GPx is involved in every step in the development of the pathological condition in PCOS.
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23
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Radovanovic J, Banjac K, Obradovic M, Isenovic ER. Antioxidant enzymes and vascular diseases. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a fundamental role in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone in the physiological conditions of a vascular system. However, oxidative stress has detrimental effects on human health, and numerous studies confirmed that high ROS/RNS production contributes to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The antioxidant defense has an essential role in the homeostatic functioning of the vascular endothelial system. Endogenous antioxidative defense includes various molecules and enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase. Together all these antioxidative enzymes are essential for defense against harmful ROS features. ROS are mainly generated from redox-active compounds involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Thus, targeting antioxidative enzymes and mitochondria oxidative balance may be a promising approach for vascular diseases occurrence and treatment. This review summarized the most recent research on the regulation of antioxidative enzymes in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 522 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Banjac
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 522 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 522 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 522 Belgrade, Serbia
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24
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Jakubiak GK, Osadnik K, Lejawa M, Osadnik T, Goławski M, Lewandowski P, Pawlas N. "Obesity and Insulin Resistance" Is the Component of the Metabolic Syndrome Most Strongly Associated with Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:79. [PMID: 35052583 PMCID: PMC8773170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is not a homogeneous entity, but this term refers to the coexistence of factors that increase the risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. There are different versions of the criteria for the diagnosis of MS, which makes the population of patients diagnosed with MS heterogeneous. Research to date shows that MS is associated with oxidative stress (OS), but it is unclear which MS component is most strongly associated with OS. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between the parameters of OS and the presence of individual elements of MS in young adults, as well as to identify the components of MS by means of principal components analysis (PCA) and to investigate how the parameters of OS correlate with the presence of individual components. The study included 724 young adults with or without a family history of coronary heart disease (population of the MAGNETIC study). Blood samples were taken from the participants of the study to determine peripheral blood counts, biochemical parameters, and selected parameters of OS. In addition, blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured. In subjects with MS, significantly lower activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper- and zinc-containing SOD (CuZnSOD), and manganese-containing SOD (MnSOD) were found, along with significantly higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and significantly lower concentration of thiol groups per gram of protein (PSH). We identified three components of MS by means of PCA: "Obesity and insulin resistance", "Dyslipidemia", and "Blood pressure", and showed the component "Obesity and insulin resistance" to have the strongest relationship with OS. In conclusion, we documented significant differences in some parameters of OS between young adults with and without MS. We showed that "Obesity and insulin resistance" is the most important component of MS in terms of relationship with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (K.O.); (M.L.); (T.O.); (N.P.)
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Kamila Osadnik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (K.O.); (M.L.); (T.O.); (N.P.)
| | - Mateusz Lejawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (K.O.); (M.L.); (T.O.); (N.P.)
| | - Tadeusz Osadnik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (K.O.); (M.L.); (T.O.); (N.P.)
| | - Marcin Goławski
- Student Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Piotr Lewandowski
- Student Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (K.O.); (M.L.); (T.O.); (N.P.)
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25
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Oluwafemi AG, Ajayi OB, Aluko BT. Defensive potential and deleterious impact of turmeric (Curcuma longa) L rhizome powder supplemented diet on antioxidant status of indomethacin-induced ulcerated wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14019. [PMID: 34820862 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Effects of various concentration of turmeric (Curcuma longa [C longa]) rhizome powder (TRP) supplemented diet on the antioxidant status of selected organs (stomach, liver, kidney, and heart) of indomethacin (Indo)-induced ulcerated wistar rats were investigated in this study. The rats were fed with different percentages of TRP supplemented diet (1% [A], 2% [B], 5% [C], and 10% [D]) for 28 days. It was observed from the results that animals fed on 10% turmeric rhizome supplemented and those in the ulcerogenic group had significant reduction in kidney, cardiac gluthione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and gastric GSH when compared with normal control animals and other pre-treated groups. However, a significant increase was observed in gastric, hepatic, cardiac, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX); kidney and hepatic SOD; cardiac, kidney, hepatic, and gastric CAT of animals pre- treated with TRP supplemented diet (1%-5%) compared with ulcerogenic group. Also, a significant reduction was observed in GPX of animals fed with 10% TRP supplemented diet in comparison with ulcerogenic group. Consumption of TRP in the diet, therefore, should be lesser than 10% of the whole recipe for it to be potent in enhancing antioxidant defensive mechanism of the aforementioned organs and thereby prevent oxidative stress related diseases. It may reduce antioxidant present in those organs which can lead to increase availability of free radical and expose the organs to oxidative stress-related diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Inclusion of turmeric rhizome powder in daily diet has been globally well accepted due to the knowledge of its medicinal values. Nonetheless, the extent at which it should be consumed has been controversial and unclear. Little or no effort has been put in place to educate the populace on the quantity of concentration of C. longa powder which should be in whole recipe or ingredients. Therefore, if turmeric rhizome powder should be included in diet because of its nutritional and medicinal values, this should be with caution and from the results of this study, the concentration should not be up to 100g/kg w/w of the entire recipe.
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Früh A, Bileck A, Muqaku B, Wurm R, Neuditschko B, Arfsten H, Galli L, Kriechbaumer L, Hubner P, Goliasch G, Heinz G, Holzer M, Sterz F, Adlbrecht C, Gerner C, Distelmaier K. Catalase Predicts In-Hospital Mortality after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173906. [PMID: 34501367 PMCID: PMC8432041 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide, in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors causes systemic ischemia/reperfusion injury that may lead to multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. We hypothesized that the antioxidant enzyme catalase may attenuate these pathophysiological processes after cardiac arrest. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the predictive value of catalase levels for mortality in OHCA survivors. In a prospective, single-center study, catalase levels were determined in OHCA survivors 48 h after the return of spontaneous circulation. Thirty-day mortality was defined as the study end point. A total of 96 OHCA survivors were enrolled, of whom 26% (n = 25) died within the first 30 days after OHCA. The median plasma intensity levels (log2) of catalase were 8.25 (IQR 7.64–8.81). Plasma levels of catalase were found to be associated with mortality, with an adjusted HR of 2.13 (95% CI 1.07–4.23, p = 0.032). A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant increase in 30-day mortality in patients with high catalase plasma levels compared to patients with low catalase levels (p = 0.012). High plasma levels of catalase are a strong and independent predictor for 30-day mortality in OHCA survivors. This indicates that ROS-dependent tissue damage is playing a crucial role in fatal outcomes of post-cardiac syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Früh
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Joint Metabolome Facility, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Besnik Muqaku
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Raphael Wurm
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Benjamin Neuditschko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrike Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Lukas Galli
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Lukas Kriechbaumer
- University Clinic of Orthopedics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Pia Hubner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Gottfried Heinz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Michael Holzer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Fritz Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | | | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Joint Metabolome Facility, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
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Ranjan J, Joshi V, Mandal T, Mandal DD. Ecotoxicological risk assessment of pentachlorophenol, an emerging DBP to plants: evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant responses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27954-27965. [PMID: 33527244 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols are not only noticed in an effluvium of industries but also can emerge from the water treatment plants for domestic supply which poses a high threat for crop production and human health. Therefore, research on their risks to ecosystem and human health via ecotoxicological tests to derivate permissible environmental contaminant concentrations is necessary. The chlorophenols produced in the course of chlorination of potable water is an outcome of natural carboxylic acids/organic material and those chlorophenols occurred as emerging disinfection byproducts (EDBPs). Among chlorophenols, pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been recently identified as one of the important EDBPs. The main objective was to evaluate the PCP-induced genotoxicity and the oxidative damage in two plant species, i.e., Allium cepa and Vigna radiata. Genotoxicity of PCP was examined at three selected concentrations based on EC50 (half-maximal effective concentrations) values in both the plants along with the defense mechanism. EC50 value for A. cepa and V. radiata was 0.7 mg/L and 35 mg/L. Root length inhibition, DNA laddering, lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, and antioxidant enzymatic assays evaluated revealed a dose-dependent response. PCP influenced defense enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) action in both plants and showed deprivement of catalase (CAT) with the increase of PCP concentrations. PCP-invaded toxicity management by these plants implied that A. cepa is more sensitive than V. radiata regarding PCP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Vayam Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamale Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India.
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28
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Jin S, Pang Q, Yang H, Diao X, Shan A, Feng X. Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on the chemical composition, oxidative stability and meat quality of ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). Food Chem 2021; 363:130263. [PMID: 34116495 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dietary resveratrol (0, 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg) on the chemical composition, antioxidative capacity, meat quality and volatile compound concentrations of duck meat were investigated. The results showed that dietary resveratrol had no significant effects on the chemical composition. Dietary resveratrol supplementation increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase activity, pH15 min, pH24 h and color, and reduced the malondialdehyde, and carbonyl contents and shear force, thereby improving water mobility and distribution (T2b, T21, T22), drip loss, cooking loss and volatile compounds concentration of duck meat. In conclusion, dietary resveratrol supplementation improved the meat quality of ducks by enhancing the antioxidant capacity, improving the color and shear force, and suppressing lipid and protein oxidation, and 500 mg/kg dietary resveratrol had the greatest effect in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qian Pang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xinping Diao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xingjun Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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29
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Botwright NA, Mohamed AR, Slinger J, Lima PC, Wynne JW. Host-Parasite Interaction of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) and the Ectoparasite Neoparamoeba perurans in Amoebic Gill Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672700. [PMID: 34135900 PMCID: PMC8202022 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are susceptible to recurrent amoebic gill disease (AGD) caused by the ectoparasite Neoparamoeba perurans over the growout production cycle. The parasite elicits a highly localized response within the gill epithelium resulting in multifocal mucoid patches at the site of parasite attachment. This host-parasite response drives a complex immune reaction, which remains poorly understood. To generate a model for host-parasite interaction during pathogenesis of AGD in Atlantic salmon the local (gill) and systemic transcriptomic response in the host, and the parasite during AGD pathogenesis was explored. A dual RNA-seq approach together with differential gene expression and system-wide statistical analyses of gene and transcription factor networks was employed. A multi-tissue transcriptomic data set was generated from the gill (including both lesioned and non-lesioned tissue), head kidney and spleen tissues naïve and AGD-affected Atlantic salmon sourced from an in vivo AGD challenge trial. Differential gene expression of the salmon host indicates local and systemic upregulation of defense and immune responses. Two transcription factors, znfOZF-like and znf70-like, and their associated gene networks significantly altered with disease state. The majority of genes in these networks are candidates for mediators of the immune response, cellular proliferation and invasion. These include Aurora kinase B-like, rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25-like and protein NDNF-like inhibited. Analysis of the N. perurans transcriptome during AGD pathology compared to in vitro cultured N. perurans trophozoites, as a proxy for wild type trophozoites, identified multiple gene candidates for virulence and indicates a potential master regulatory gene system analogous to the two-component PhoP/Q system. Candidate genes identified are associated with invasion of host tissue, evasion of host defense mechanisms and formation of the mucoid lesion. We generated a novel model for host-parasite interaction during AGD pathogenesis through integration of host and parasite functional profiles. Collectively, this dual transcriptomic study provides novel molecular insights into the pathology of AGD and provides alternative theories for future research in a step towards improved management of AGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Botwright
- Livestock and Aquaculture, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Amin R Mohamed
- Livestock and Aquaculture, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Joel Slinger
- Livestock and Aquaculture, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Woorim, QLD, Australia
| | - Paula C Lima
- Livestock and Aquaculture, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - James W Wynne
- Livestock and Aquaculture, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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30
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Lee DY, Song MY, Kim EH. Role of Oxidative Stress and Nrf2/KEAP1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives with Phytochemicals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:743. [PMID: 34067204 PMCID: PMC8151932 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer still has a high incidence and mortality rate, according to a report from the American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer has a high prevalence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, has been known to cause inflammatory diseases and malignant disorders. In particular, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway is well known to protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 was first found in the homolog of the hematopoietic transcription factor p45 NF-E2, and the transcription factor Nrf2 is a member of the Cap 'N' Collar family. KEAP1 is well known as a negative regulator that rapidly degrades Nrf2 through the proteasome system. A range of evidence has shown that consumption of phytochemicals has a preventive or inhibitory effect on cancer progression or proliferation, depending on the stage of colorectal cancer. Therefore, the discovery of phytochemicals regulating the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis and verification of their efficacy have attracted scientific attention. In this review, we summarize the role of oxidative stress and the Nrf2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer, and the possible utility of phytochemicals with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Moon-Young Song
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
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31
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Kinoshita C, Aoyama K. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Neuroprotective Effects of Glutathione. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084245. [PMID: 33921907 PMCID: PMC8073493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of antioxidative defense systems might have been mandatory for most living beings with aerobic metabolisms, because oxygen consumption produces adverse byproducts known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The brain is especially vulnerable to the effect of ROS, since the brain has large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, which are a target of lipid oxidation, as well as comparably high-energy consumption compared to other organs that results in ROS release from mitochondria. Thus, dysregulation of the synthesis and/or metabolism of antioxidants-particularly glutathione (GSH), which is one of the most important antioxidants in the human body-caused oxidative stress states that resulted in critical diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases in the brain. GSH plays crucial roles not only as an antioxidant but also as an enzyme cofactor, cysteine storage form, the major redox buffer, and a neuromodulator in the central nervous system. The levels of GSH are precisely regulated by uptake systems for GSH precursors as well as GSH biosynthesis and metabolism. The rapid advance of RNA sequencing technologies has contributed to the discovery of numerous non-coding RNAs with a wide range of functions. Recent lines of evidence show that several types of non-coding RNAs, including microRNA, long non-coding RNA and circular RNA, are abundantly expressed in the brain, and their activation or inhibition could contribute to neuroprotection through the regulation of GSH synthesis and/or metabolism. Interestingly, these non-coding RNAs play key roles in gene regulation and growing evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs interact with each other and are co-regulated. In this review, we focus on how the non-coding RNAs modulate the level of GSH and modify the oxidative stress states in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Kinoshita
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (K.A.); Tel.: +81-3-3964-3794 (C.K.); +81-3-3964-1211 (K.A.)
| | - Koji Aoyama
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (K.A.); Tel.: +81-3-3964-3794 (C.K.); +81-3-3964-1211 (K.A.)
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Contribution of Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress to Obesity-Associated Diabetes Risk and Ethnic Differences: Focus on Women of African Ancestry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040622. [PMID: 33921645 PMCID: PMC8073769 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) storage capacity is central in the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis, especially in obesity states. However, sustained nutrients overflow may dysregulate this function resulting in adipocytes hypertrophy, AT hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Systemic inflammation may also contribute to the disruption of AT redox equilibrium. AT and systemic oxidative stress have been involved in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) through several mechanisms. Interestingly, fat accumulation, body fat distribution and the degree of how adiposity translates into cardio-metabolic diseases differ between ethnicities. Populations of African ancestry have a higher prevalence of obesity and higher T2D risk than populations of European ancestry, mainly driven by higher rates among African women. Considering the reported ethnic-specific differences in AT distribution and function and higher levels of systemic oxidative stress markers, oxidative stress is a potential contributor to the higher susceptibility for metabolic diseases in African women. This review summarizes existing evidence supporting this hypothesis while acknowledging a lack of data on AT oxidative stress in relation to IR in Africans, and the potential influence of other ethnicity-related modulators (e.g., genetic-environment interplay, socioeconomic factors) for consideration in future studies with different ethnicities.
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Association Analysis of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms and Audiometric Measures of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Musicians. Otol Neurotol 2021; 41:e538-e547. [PMID: 32176153 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the association between candidate genetic variants and audiometric measures of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in young musicians. METHODS The study analyzed a database by Phillips et al. (Feasibility of a bilateral 4000-6000 Hz notch as a phenotype for genetic association analysis. Int J Audiol 2015;54:645-52.) which included behavioral hearing thresholds, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), tympanometric, and genetic data of 166 participants meeting the inclusion criteria. Nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 cochlear genes previously associated with NIHL in factory workers were included in the present investigation. The average hearing threshold at 3000 and 4000 Hz (AHT) and average DPOAE signal to noise ratio (DPOAE SNR) in both ears were calculated. RESULTS The regression analyses showed that two SNPs- one in KCNE1 (rs2070358) and the other in CAT (rs12273124) revealed a statistically significant relationship with DPOAE SNR in both ears. Two SNPs in MYH14 and one in GJB4 revealed a significant association with DPOAE SNR in the left ear. Two SNPs in HSP70, one in CDH23 and one in KCNJ10 showed significant association with DPOAE SNR in the right ear. None of the included SNPs showed association with AHT in both ears. CONCLUSIONS A genetic variant in KCNE1 was associated with the strength of the cochlear amplifier as assessed by DPOAE SNR. Musicians carrying causal genetic variants to NIHL might exhibit changes in their auditory functions early in the lifespan even when most subjects had their hearing thresholds within normal limits. These participants are likely to show the clinical manifestation of NIHL in the future if no preventive measures are applied.
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Babacanoğlu E, Güller U. Daily oxygen supplementation to the incubator at different stages of embryonic development alters the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the lung tissue of broiler chicks at a high altitude. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:459-465. [PMID: 33325752 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1864809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. Pulmonary hypertension, associated with mitochondrial function in the lung tissue of broilers, can occur at hypoxic high altitudes. The present research examined the impacts of O2 supplementation at different embryonic stages on broiler organ development and antioxidant enzyme activities.2. In total, 360 eggs from Ross 308 broiler breeders at sea level were divided into a control group (O2 non-supplementation group) and three experimental groups daily 1 h 23.5% O2 supplementation from days 0 to 11 (O0-11), from days 12 to 21 (O12-21), and from days 18 to 21 (O18-21) of embryonic age.3. The lung, heart, right ventricular (RV), and left ventricular (LV) + septum of newly hatched and seven day old chicks from every group were dissected and weighed. Antioxidant enzyme activities were examined in their lung tissue.4. The lung weight did not change in any group. At hatching, the heart weight (g and %) was higher in the O12-21 and O18-21 groups than in the O0-11 and control groups, but the relative heart weight was the highest in the O18-21 group in comparison with the O12-21 group.5. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in all experimental groups at both ages, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased only in seven day old chicks. Catalase (CAT) exhibited high activity in the O12-21 and O18-21 groups at hatching. In the seven day old chicks, while the CAT activity did not change in the O18-21 group, it decreased in the O0-11 group and increased in the O12-21 group.6. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity did not change in the O18-21 group, but GR exhibited low activity in the O0-11 group and high activity in the O18-21 group in newly hatched chicks. The GR activity only decreased in the O18-21 group of seven day old chicks.7. The results indicated that oxygen supplementation to the incubator caused alterations in the antioxidant enzyme activities in the lungs of broiler chicks, and this may have been in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Babacanoğlu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Van Yüzüncü Yıl, Van, Turkey
| | - U Güller
- Iğdır University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Food Engineering, Iğdır, Turkey
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Lei L, Yang J, Zhang J, Zhang G. The lipid peroxidation product EKODE exacerbates colonic inflammation and colon tumorigenesis. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101880. [PMID: 33541845 PMCID: PMC8113040 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is emerging as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), however, the molecular mechanisms by which the disturbed redox balance regulates CRC development remain undefined. Using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, we found that epoxyketooctadecenoic acid (EKODE), which is a lipid peroxidation product, was among the most dramatically increased lipid molecules in the colon of azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CRC mice. This is, at least in part, due to increased oxidative stress in colon tumors, as assessed by analyzing gene expression of oxidative markers in AOM/DSS-induced CRC mice and human CRC patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Systemic, short-time treatment with low-dose EKODE increased the severity of DSS-induced colitis, caused intestinal barrier dysfunction and enhanced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/bacterial translocation, and exacerbates the development of AOM/DSS-induced CRC in mice. Furthermore, treatment with EKODE, at nM doses, induced inflammatory responses via JNK-dependent mechanisms in both colon cancer cells and macrophage cells. Overall, these results demonstrate that the lipid peroxidation product EKODE is an important mediator of colonic inflammation and colon tumorigenesis, providing a novel mechanistic linkage between oxidative stress and CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Interaction of artemisinin protects the activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase: A biophysical study. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:418-428. [PMID: 33460658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The major antioxidant enzyme catalase is downregulated and the enzyme activity is compromised in various disease conditions such as malarial and cancer. Hence, the restoration and protection of catalase is a promising therapeutic strategy in disease management. In the present study, for the first time we have demonstrated the protective role of well-known anti-malarial drug Artemisinin (ART) on the time and temperature-induced degradation of bovine liver catalase (BLC) activity. The findings at different time intervals and at higher temperature showed the protective role of ART on BLC activity. Molecular docking studies suggested specific binding of ART on BLC through heme group interface which was further supported by cyclic voltammetry and dynamic light scattering study. The stabilization of BLC in presence of ART was mediated through forming a BLC-ART complex with reduced and shifted electrochemical peak and increased hydrodynamic diameter. ART substantially prevents the temperature-induced reduction in α-helical content with simultaneous increment in other secondary structures like antiparallel, parallel, β-turn and random coils. Nevertheless, the protective role of ART was accepted from the enhanced thermal stability and increased Tm value of BLC in presence of ART at higher temperatures. Our results uncover the mechanism of interaction between ART with BLC and suggest the protective role of ART towards spatiotemporal alteration of BLC by preventing the structural and molecular change in BLC. Thus, the findings advocate ART as a potential therapeutic drug for diseases associated with reduced catalase activity.
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Eras N, Türkoz G, Tombak A, Tiftik N, Yalin S, Berkoz M, Erden S, Akbas E. An investigation of the relation between catalase C262T gene polymorphism and catalase enzyme activity in leukemia patients. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:928-933. [PMID: 34336022 PMCID: PMC8314395 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.89692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme, catalyzes conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen, protecting cells against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between CAT C262T polymorphism in the promoter region of the CAT gene and leukemia risk and to determine the relationship between CAT genotypes and CAT enzyme activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Genotypes of 102 cases and 112 healthy controls' genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Catalase activity was measured with the method of Aebi. RESULTS The frequencies of the T allele among the cases and controls were 28.4% and 25.9%, respectively (p = 0.75). The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT among cases were 57.8%, 27.4%, and 14.7%, respectively, while in controls, the frequencies of CC, CT, and TT were 54.4%, 39.3%, and 6.3%, respectively, which were not significantly different. Although CAT enzyme activity was lower in leukemia patients with TT genotypes than in controls, this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report showing that CAT C262T polymorphism is not a genetic predisposing factor for the risk of leukemia in the Turkish population. However, additional research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Eras
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gozde Türkoz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Anil Tombak
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Naci Tiftik
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Berkoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Sema Erden
- Vocational School of Health Service, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Etem Akbas
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Cerdá-Bernad D, Valero-Cases E, Pastor JJ, Frutos MJ. Saffron bioactives crocin, crocetin and safranal: effect on oxidative stress and mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:3232-3249. [PMID: 33356506 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1864279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is used as a spice for its organoleptic characteristics related to its coloring and flavoring properties, and it has been also used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. The main chemical components responsible for these properties are crocin, crocetin and safranal. These compounds have been shown to have a wide spectrum of biological activities, including several properties as antigenotoxic, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antidegenerative and antidepressant, among others. This review article highlights the antioxidant effects of these bioactive compounds to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mechanisms of action involved, since there are a multitude of diseases related to oxidative stress and the generation of free radicals (FRs). Recent studies have shown that the effects of crocin, crocetin and safranal against oxidative stress include the reduction in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA] levels) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and the increase in the levels of glutathione, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) and thiol content. Therefore, due to the great antioxidant effects of these saffron compounds, it makes saffron a potential source of bioactive extracts for the development of bioactive ingredients, which can be used to produce functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Cerdá-Bernad
- Research Group on Quality and Safety, Food Technology Department, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Estefanía Valero-Cases
- Research Group on Quality and Safety, Food Technology Department, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, Spain
| | | | - María José Frutos
- Research Group on Quality and Safety, Food Technology Department, Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, Spain
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Zannah S, W M Arrigan D. Electrochemistry of catalase at a liquid|liquid micro-interface array. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 138:107694. [PMID: 33333457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemistry of catalase (CAT) was investigated at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) as a step towards its detection. Electrochemistry at the ITIES offers advantages such as the non-redox detection of biomolecules. The electrochemical behaviour of CAT at the ITIES, in a micro-interface array format, displayed a distinct cyclic voltammogram when the aqueous phase pH was lower than the isoelectric point (pI) of CAT. No voltammetric response was observed when the aqueous phase pH > pI of CAT, indicating that neutral or negatively charged CAT has no capability to facilitate anion transfer from the organic phase. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) was assessed for detection of low concentrations at the µITIES array. Application of a positive preconcentration potential for a fixed time enabled interfacial accumulation of CAT as a complex; subsequently, a voltammetric scan to lower potentials desorbed the complex, providing the electroanalytical signal. Assessment of sample matrix effects by examining the electrochemistry of CAT in artificial serum indicated that detection in pH-adjusted samples is feasible. Together, these results demonstrate that CAT is electroactive at the liquid-liquid interface and this may be useful as a strategy to detect and characterize the enzyme in a label-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheda Zannah
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Damien W M Arrigan
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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Singh N. Antioxidant metal oxide nanozymes: role in cellular redox homeostasis and therapeutics. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2020-0802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, generally referred to as ‘nanozymes’, find myriad potential in various biomedical fields. More importantly, the nanoparticles that can functionally mimic the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes attract tremendous interest owing to their possible therapeutic candidature in oxidative stress-mediated disorders. Oxidative stress culminating due to excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and dysregulated cellular antioxidant machinery is implicated in the development and progression of various pathophysiological disorders such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the optimum essentiality of ROS due to its pivotal role in cell signaling evokes the requirement of novel artificial antioxidant enzymes that can circumvent the detrimental effects of enhanced ROS levels without perturbing the basal redox status of cells. In recent years, the fast emanating artificial enzymes, i.e. nanozymes with antioxidant enzyme-like activity, has made tremendous progress with their broad applications in therapeutics, diagnostic medicine, bio-sensing, and immunoassay. Among various antioxidant nanoparticles reported till-date, the metal oxide nanozymes have emerged as the most efficient and successful candidates in mimicking the activity of first-line defense antioxidant enzymes, i.e. superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. This review intends to exclusively highlight the development of representative metal oxide-based antioxidant nanozymes capable of maintaining the cellular redox homeostasis and their potential therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
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Shin SK, Cho HW, Song SE, Im SS, Bae JH, Song DK. Oxidative stress resulting from the removal of endogenous catalase induces obesity by promoting hyperplasia and hypertrophy of white adipocytes. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101749. [PMID: 33080438 PMCID: PMC7575809 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is regarded as an abnormal expansion and excessive accumulation of fat mass in white adipose tissue. The involvement of oxidative stress in the development of obesity is still unclear. Although mainly present in peroxisomes, catalase scavenges intracellular H2O2 at toxic levels. Therefore, we used catalase-knockout (CKO) mice to elucidate the involvement of excessive H2O2 in the development of obesity. CKO mice with C57BL/6J background gained more weight with higher body fat mass with age than age-matched wild-type (WT) mice fed with either chow or high-fat diets. This phenomenon was attenuated by concomitant treatment with the antioxidants, melatonin or N-acetyl cysteine. Moreover, CKO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) appeared to differentiate to adipocytes more easily than WT MEFs, showing increased H2O2 concentrations. Using 3T3-L1-derived adipocytes transfected with catalase-small interfering RNA, we confirmed that a more prominent lipogenesis occurred in catalase-deficient cells than in WT cells. Catalase-deficient adipocytes presented increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression but decreased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression. Treatment with a NOX4 inhibitor or AMPK activator rescued the propensity for obesity of CKO mice. These findings suggest that excessive H2O2 and related oxidative stress increase body fat mass via both adipogenesis and lipogenesis. Manipulating NOX4 and AMPK in white adipocytes may be a therapeutic tool against obesity augmented by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyung Shin
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Cho
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Bae
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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How to make an undruggable enzyme druggable: lessons from ras proteins. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 32951811 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made toward discovering allosteric inhibitors for challenging drug targets such as the Ras family of membrane-associated signaling proteins. Malfunction of Ras proteins due to somatic mutations is associated with up to a quarter of all human cancers. Computational techniques have played critical roles in identifying and characterizing allosteric ligand-binding sites on these proteins, and to screen ligand libraries against those sites. These efforts, combined with a wide range of biophysical, structural, biochemical and cell biological experiments, are beginning to yield promising inhibitors to treat malignancies associated with mutated Ras proteins. In this chapter, we discuss some of these developments and how the lessons learned from Ras might be applied to similar other challenging drug targets.
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Zhang Y, Li S, Liu H, Long W, Zhang XD. Enzyme-Like Properties of Gold Clusters for Biomedical Application. Front Chem 2020; 8:219. [PMID: 32309272 PMCID: PMC7145988 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the rapid development of nanoscience and technology has provided a new opportunity for the development and preparation of new inorganic enzymes. Nanozyme is a new generation of artificial mimetic enzyme, which like natural enzymes, can efficiently catalyze the substrate of enzyme under mild conditions, exhibiting catalytic efficiency, and enzymatic reaction kinetics similar to natural enzymes. However, nanozymes exist better stability than native enzymes, it can still maintain 85 % catalytic activity in strong acid and alkali (pH 2~10) or large temperature range (4~90°C). This provides conditions for designing complex catalytic systems. In this review, we discussed the enzymatic attributes and biomedical applications of gold nanoclusters, including peroxidase-like, catalase-like, detection of heavy metal ions, and therapy of brain and cancer etc. This review can help us understand the current research status nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunguang Zhang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China
| | - Haile Liu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Long
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Lee S, Choi MC, Al Adem K, Lukman S, Kim TY. Aggregation and Cellular Toxicity of Pathogenic or Non-pathogenic Proteins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5120. [PMID: 32198463 PMCID: PMC7083973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 20 unique diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease are caused by the abnormal aggregations of pathogenic proteins such as amylin, β-amyloid (Aβ), and α-synuclein. All pathogenic proteins differ from each other in biological function, primary sequences, and morphologies; however, the proteins are toxic when aggregated. Here, we investigated the cellular toxicity of pathogenic or non-pathogenic protein aggregates. In this study, six proteins were selected and they were incubated at acid pH and high temperature. The aggregation kinetic and cellular toxicity of protein species with time were characterized. Three non-pathogenic proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA), catalase, and pepsin at pH 2 and 65 °C were stable in protein structure and non-toxic at a lower concentration of 1 mg/mL. They formed aggregates at a higher concentration of 20 mg/mL with time and they induced the toxicity in short incubation time points, 10 min and 20 min only and they became non-toxic after 30 min. Other three pathogenic proteins, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and insulin, also produced the aggregates with time and they caused cytotoxicity at both 1 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL after 10 min. TEM images and DSC analysis demonstrated that fibrils or aggregates at 1 mg/mL induced cellular toxicity due to low thermal stability. In DSC data, fibrils or aggregates of pathogenic proteins had low thermal transition compared to fresh samples. The results provide useful information to understand the aggregation and cellular toxicity of pathogenic and non-pathogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Myung Chul Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Kenana Al Adem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suryani Lukman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tae-Yeon Kim
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Giniatullin RR, Kravchenko IE, Galeeva NV, Emene CC, Rizvanov AA. Polymorphisms of Antioxidant System Genes in HCV Infection and Their Role in the Development of Chronic Hepatitis C. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-019-00715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bagheri Hamidi A, Namazi N, Mohammad Amoli M, Amani M, Gholami M, Youssefian L, Vahidnezhad H, Abdollahimajd F, Uitto J. Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with elevated homocysteine level and disease development in vitiligo. Int J Immunogenet 2020; 47:342-350. [PMID: 32064757 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence on the association of MTHFR gene polymorphism and serum homocysteine levels with autoimmune diseases such as vitiligo has made the MTHFR gene a very interesting candidate to be evaluated in different ethnicities and populations. We aimed to evaluate the levels of serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 and their associations with MTHFR C677T polymorphism in the Iranian population. This case-control study included 104 patients with vitiligo and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels were measured by a chemiluminescence assay. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used for genotyping the polymorphism. The mean serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in cases than controls and associated with disease activity (p < .001). Furthermore, the homozygous MTHFR C677T variant genotype was associated with vitiligo development (adjusted OR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.09-11.32, p = .02) and elevated homocysteine level (p < .001). There was no association between serum vitamin B12 levels and the MTHFR C677T genotype. The homozygous variant MTHFR C677T may be considered as a risk factor for both elevated homocysteine levels and the development of vitiligo in the Iranian population. Although these results are not conclusive, they could elucidate the contribution of genetic and immune-mediated inflammatory factors to the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Bagheri Hamidi
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Namazi
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohammad Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI), Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Amani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Gholami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI), Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology PhD Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fahimeh Abdollahimajd
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wang J, Zhang H, Zheng X, Liu R, Zong W. In vitro toxicity and molecular interacting mechanisms of chloroacetic acid to catalase. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109981. [PMID: 31812021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chloroacetic acid (CAA), one of typical disinfection by-products (DBPs), has attracted considerable concerns for its biological safety. Antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) plays a crucial part in the regulation of redox state balance. Herein, CAA was used to test its adverse effects on CAT and explore the underlying mechanism. The cell viability of mouse primary hepatocytes decreased under CAA exposure. A bell-shaped response to CAA exposure was observed in intracellular CAT activity, whose change was partly influenced by molecular CAT activity. CAA binds to CAT mainly via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds with a stoichiometry of 9.2. The binding caused structural changes in CAT with the unfolding of polypeptide chains and the decrease of α-helical content. CAA interacts with the amino acid residues surrounding the active sites and substrate channel of CAT. These interactions result in the decrease of molecular CAT activity, which could be restored by high ionic strength. This study has provided a combined molecular and cellular tactics for studying the adverse effects of DBPs on biomarkers and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Hongfa Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, PR China
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Role of Catalase in Oxidative Stress- and Age-Associated Degenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9613090. [PMID: 31827713 PMCID: PMC6885225 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9613090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive species produced in the cell during normal cellular metabolism can chemically react with cellular biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, thereby causing their oxidative modifications leading to alterations in their compositions and potential damage to their cellular activities. Fortunately, cells have evolved several antioxidant defense mechanisms (as metabolites, vitamins, and enzymes) to neutralize or mitigate the harmful effect of reactive species and/or their byproducts. Any perturbation in the balance in the level of antioxidants and the reactive species results in a physiological condition called “oxidative stress.” A catalase is one of the crucial antioxidant enzymes that mitigates oxidative stress to a considerable extent by destroying cellular hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen. Deficiency or malfunction of catalase is postulated to be related to the pathogenesis of many age-associated degenerative diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, anemia, vitiligo, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder, cancer, and schizophrenia. Therefore, efforts are being undertaken in many laboratories to explore its use as a potential drug for the treatment of such diseases. This paper describes the direct and indirect involvement of deficiency and/or modification of catalase in the pathogenesis of some important diseases such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vitiligo, and acatalasemia. Details on the efforts exploring the potential treatment of these diseases using a catalase as a protein therapeutic agent have also been described.
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Azat Aziz M, Shehab Diab A, Abdulrazak Mohammed A. Antioxidant Categories and Mode of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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50
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Dhama K, Latheef SK, Dadar M, Samad HA, Munjal A, Khandia R, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Bhatt P, Chakraborty S, Singh KP, Iqbal HMN, Chaicumpa W, Joshi SK. Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:91. [PMID: 31750312 PMCID: PMC6843074 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various internal and external factors negatively affect the homeostatic equilibrium of organisms at the molecular to the whole-body level, inducing the so-called state of stress. Stress affects an organism's welfare status and induces energy-consuming mechanisms to combat the subsequent ill effects; thus, the individual may be immunocompromised, making them vulnerable to pathogens. The information presented here has been extensively reviewed, compiled, and analyzed from authenticated published resources available on Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and other scientific databases. Stress levels can be monitored by the quantitative and qualitative measurement of biomarkers. Potential markers of stress include thermal stress markers, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), innate immune markers, such as Acute Phase Proteins (APPs), oxidative stress markers, and chemical secretions in the saliva and urine. In addition, stress biomarkers also play critical roles in the prognosis of stress-related diseases and disorders, and therapy guidance. Moreover, different components have been identified as potent mediators of cardiovascular, central nervous system, hepatic, and nephrological disorders, which can also be employed to evaluate these conditions precisely, but with stringent validation and specificity. Considerable scientific advances have been made in the detection, quantitation, and application of these biomarkers. The present review describes the current progress of identifying biomarkers, their prognostic, and therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Shyma K. Latheef
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hari Abdul Samad
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, India
| | - Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Prakash Bhatt
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunil Kumar Joshi
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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