1
|
Desai CS, Khan A, Bellio MA, Willis ML, Mahung C, Ma X, Baldwin X, Williams BM, Baron TH, Coleman LG, Wallet SM, Maile R. Characterization of extracellular vesicle miRNA identified in peripheral blood of chronic pancreatitis patients. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4331-4341. [PMID: 34448998 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) can serve as markers of cell damage/disease but can also have therapeutic utility depending on the nature of their cargo, such as miRNA. Currently, there are challenges and lack of innovations regarding early diagnosis and therapeutic options within different aspects of management of patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis (CP). Use of EV as biomarkers for pancreatic health and/or as adjuvant therapy would make a difference in management of these patients. The aim of this study was to characterize the miRNA cargo of EV purified from the plasma of CP patients and compared to those of healthy participants. EVs were isolated from plasma of 15 CP patients and 10 healthy controls. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to determine frequency and size, while NanoString technology was used to characterize the miRNA cargo. Relevant clinical parameters were correlated with EV miRNA cargo. ~ 30 miRNA species were identified to have significantly (p < 0.05) different expression in EV from individuals with CP compared to healthy individuals; ~ 40 miRNA were differentially expressed in EV from pre-diabetic versus non-diabetic CP patients. miR-579-3p, while exhibiting significantly lower (~ 16-fold) expression in CP compared to healthy and lower (~ 24-fold) in CP narcotic users compared to the non-users, is actually enriched (~ 32-fold) within EV in pre-diabetic CP patients compared to non-diabetic CP patients. A unique pattern was identified in female CP patients. These data support the prospect of using a plasma-derived EV cargo to assess pancreatic health and its therapeutic potential in CP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chirag S Desai
- Division of Abdominal Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4021 Burnett-Womack, CB 7211, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Aisha Khan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Bellio
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Micah L Willis
- Division of Burn, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cressida Mahung
- Division of Burn, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiaobo Ma
- Division of Abdominal Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4021 Burnett-Womack, CB 7211, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xavier Baldwin
- Division of Abdominal Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4021 Burnett-Womack, CB 7211, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brittney M Williams
- Division of Abdominal Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4021 Burnett-Womack, CB 7211, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Todd H Baron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leon G Coleman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shannon M Wallet
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert Maile
- Division of Burn, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
What Is New with Total Pancreatectomy and Autologous Islet Cell Transplantation? Review of Current Progress in the Field. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102123. [PMID: 34068902 PMCID: PMC8156476 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic pancreatitis have benefited from total pancreatectomy and autologous islet cell transplantation (TPAIT) since the 1970s. Over the past few decades, improvements have been made in surgical technique and perioperative management that have led to improved success of islet cell function, insulin independence and patient survival. This article focuses on recent updates and advances for the TPAIT procedure that continue to expand and innovate the impact on patients with debilitating disease.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuwabara R, Hu S, Smink AM, Orive G, Lakey JRT, de Vos P. Applying Immunomodulation to Promote Longevity of Immunoisolated Pancreatic Islet Grafts. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:129-140. [PMID: 33397201 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes, but large-scale application is hampered by the lack of a consistent source of insulin-producing cells and need for lifelong administration of immunosuppressive drugs, which are associated with severe side effects. To avoid chronic immunosuppression, islet grafts can be enveloped in immunoisolating polymeric membranes. These immunoisolating polymeric membranes protect islet grafts from cell-mediated rejection while allowing diffusion of oxygen, nutrients, and insulin. Although clinical trials have shown the safety and feasibility of encapsulated islets to control glucose homeostasis, the strategy does up till now not support long-term graft survival. This partly can be explained by a significant loss of insulin-producing cells in the immediate period after implantation. The loss can be prevented by combining immunoisolation with immunomodulation, such as combined administration of immunomodulating cytokines or coencapsulation of immunomodulating cell types such as regulatory T cells, mesenchymal stem cells, or Sertoli cells. Also, administration of specific antibodies or apoptotic donor leucocytes is considered to create a tolerant microenvironment around immunoisolated grafts. In this review, we describe the outcomes and limitations of these approaches, as well as the recent progress in immunoisolating devices. Impact statement Immunoisolation by enveloping islets in semipermeable membranes allows for successful transplantation of islet grafts in the absence of chronic immunosuppression, but the duration of graft survival is still not permanent. The reasons for long-term final graft failure is not fully understood, but combining immunoisolation with immunomodulation of tissues or host immune system has been proposed to enhance the longevity of grafts. This article reviews the recent progress and challenges of immunoisolation, as well as the benefits and feasibility of combining encapsulation approaches with immunomodulation to promote longevity of encapsulated grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rei Kuwabara
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuxian Hu
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jonathan R T Lakey
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Use of Culture to Reach Metabolically Adequate Beta-cell Dose by Combining Donor Islet Cell Isolates for Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes Patients. Transplantation 2021; 104:e295-e302. [PMID: 32433237 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical islet transplantation is generally conducted within 72 hours after isolating sufficient beta-cell mass. A preparation that does not meet the sufficient dose can be cultured until this is reached after combination with subsequent ones. This retrospective study examines whether metabolic outcome is influenced by culture duration. METHODS Forty type 1 diabetes recipients of intraportal islet cell grafts under antithymocyte globulin induction and mycophenolate mofetil-tacrolimus maintenance immunosuppression were analyzed. One subgroup (n = 10) was transplanted with preparations cultured for ≥96 hours; in the other subgroup (n = 30) grafts contained similar beta-cell numbers but included isolates that were cultured for a shorter duration. Both subgroups were compared by numbers with plasma C-peptide ≥0.5 ng/mL, low glycemic variability associated with C-peptide ≥1.0 ng/mL, and with insulin independence. RESULTS The subgroup with all cells cultured ≥96 hours exhibited longer C-peptide ≥0.5 ng/mL (103 versus 48 mo; P = 0.006), and more patients with low glycemic variability and C-peptide ≥1.0 ng/mL, at month 12 (9/10 versus 12/30; P = 0.005) and 24 (7/10 versus 6/30; P = 0.007). In addition, 9/10 became insulin-independent versus 15/30 (P = 0.03). Grafts with all cells cultured ≥96 hours did not contain more beta cells but a higher endocrine purity (49% versus 36%; P = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, longer culture duration and older recipient age were independently associated with longer graft function. CONCLUSIONS Human islet isolates with insufficient beta-cell mass for implantation within 72 hours can be cultured for 96 hours and longer to combine multiple preparations in order to reach the desired beta-cell dose and therefore result in a better metabolic benefit.
Collapse
|
5
|
Becker MW, Simonovich JA, Phelps EA. Engineered microenvironments and microdevices for modeling the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes. Biomaterials 2019; 198:49-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
6
|
Groot Nibbelink M, Skrzypek K, Karbaat L, Both S, Plass J, Klomphaar B, van Lente J, Henke S, Karperien M, Stamatialis D, van Apeldoorn A. An important step towards a prevascularized islet microencapsulation device: in vivo prevascularization by combination of mesenchymal stem cells on micropatterned membranes. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:174. [PMID: 30413974 PMCID: PMC6244873 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extrahepatic transplantation of islets of Langerhans could aid in better survival of islets after transplantation. When islets are transfused into the liver 60-70% of them are lost immediately after transplantation. An important factor for a successful extrahepatic transplantation is a well-vascularized tissue surrounding the implant. There are many strategies known for enhancing vessel formation such as adding cells with endothelial potential, the combination with angiogenic factors and / or applying surface topography at the exposed surface of the device. Previously we developed porous, micropatterned membranes which can be applied as a lid for an islet encapsulation device and we showed that the surface topography induces human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) alignment and interconnection. This was achieved without the addition of hydrogels, often used in angiogenesis assays. In this work, we went one step further towards clinical implementation of the device by combining this micropatterned lid with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) to facilitate prevascularization in vivo. As for HUVECs, the micropatterned membranes induced MSC alignment and organization in vitro, an important contributor to vessel formation, whereas in vivo (subcutaneous rat model) they contributed to improved implant prevascularization. In fact, the combination of MSCs seeded on the micropatterned membrane induced the highest vessel formation score in 80% of the sections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milou Groot Nibbelink
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Katarzyna Skrzypek
- (Bio)artificial organs. Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Karbaat
- (Bio)artificial organs. Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Both
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Plass
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bettie Klomphaar
- Biomedical Signals and Systems, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jéré van Lente
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sieger Henke
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- (Bio)artificial organs. Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aart van Apeldoorn
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute of Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Graves LP, Aksular M, Alakeely RA, Ruiz Buck D, Chambers AC, Murguia-Meca F, Plata-Muñoz JJ, Hughes S, Johnson PRV, Possee RD, King LA. Improved Baculovirus Vectors for Transduction and Gene Expression in Human Pancreatic Islet Cells. Viruses 2018; 10:E574. [PMID: 30347797 PMCID: PMC6213606 DOI: 10.3390/v10100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus offering improved glycaemic control by restoring insulin production. Improved human pancreatic islet isolation has led to higher islet transplantation success. However, as many as 50% of islets are lost after transplantation due to immune responses and cellular injury, gene therapy presents a novel strategy to protect pancreatic islets for improved survival post-transplantation. To date, most of the vectors used in clinical trials and gene therapy studies have been derived from mammalian viruses such as adeno-associated or retrovirus. However, baculovirus BacMam vectors provide an attractive and safe alternative. Here, a novel BacMam was constructed containing a frameshift mutation within fp25, which results in virus stocks with higher infectious titres. This improved in vitro transduction when compared to control BacMams. Additionally, incorporating a truncated vesicular stomatitis virus G protein increased transduction efficacy and production of EGFP and BCL2 in human kidney (HK-2) and pancreatic islet β cells (EndoC βH3). Lastly, we have shown that our optimized BacMam vector can deliver and express egfp in intact pancreatic islet cells from human cadaveric donors. These results confirm that BacMam vectors are a viable choice for providing delivery of transgenes to pancreatic islet cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo P Graves
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
- Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd., Bioinnovation Hub, Gipsy Lane Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Mine Aksular
- Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd., Bioinnovation Hub, Gipsy Lane Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Riyadh A Alakeely
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Baghdad University, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
| | - Daniel Ruiz Buck
- Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd., Bioinnovation Hub, Gipsy Lane Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Adam C Chambers
- Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd., Bioinnovation Hub, Gipsy Lane Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Fernanda Murguia-Meca
- Centre for Molecular and Cell-Based Therapeutics SA de CV, Mexico City 15820, Mexico.
| | - Juan-Jose Plata-Muñoz
- Centre for Molecular and Cell-Based Therapeutics SA de CV, Mexico City 15820, Mexico.
| | - Stephen Hughes
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Robert D Possee
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
- Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd., Bioinnovation Hub, Gipsy Lane Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Linda A King
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stokes RA, Cheng K, Lalwani A, Swarbrick MM, Thomas HE, Loudovaris T, Kay TW, Hawthorne WJ, O'Connell PJ, Gunton JE. Transplantation sites for human and murine islets. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1961-1971. [PMID: 28735354 PMCID: PMC6448863 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Beta cell replacement is a potential cure for type 1 diabetes. In humans, islet transplants are currently infused into the liver via the portal vein, although this site has disadvantages. Here, we investigated alternative transplantation sites for human and murine islets in recipient mice, comparing the portal vein with quadriceps muscle and kidney, liver and spleen capsules. METHODS Murine islets were isolated from C57BL6/J mice and transplanted into syngeneic recipients. Human islets were isolated and transplanted into either severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) or recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1) immunodeficient recipient mice. All recipient mice were 8-12 weeks of age and had been rendered diabetic (defined as blood glucose concentrations ≥20 mmol/l on two consecutive days before transplantation) by alloxan tetrahydrate treatment. Islets were transplanted into five different sites (portal vein, quadriceps muscle, kidney, liver and spleen capsules). Blood glucose concentrations were monitored twice weekly until mice were killed. Dose-response studies were also performed to determine the minimum number of islets required to cure diabetes ('cure' is defined for this study as random fed blood glucose of <15 mmol/l). RESULTS For transplantation of murine islets into the different sites, the kidney yielded 100% success, followed by muscle (70%), portal vein (60%), spleen capsule (29%) and liver capsule (0%). For human islets, transplantation into the kidney cured diabetes in 75-80% of recipient mice. Transplantation into muscle and portal vein had intermediate success (both 29% at 2000 islet equivalents), while transplantation into liver and spleen capsule failed (0%). With increased islet mass, success rates for muscle grafts improved to 52-56%. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION For both human and murine islets, equivalent or superior glucose lowering results were obtained for transplantation into skeletal muscle, compared with the portal vein. Unfortunately, kidney grafts are not feasible in human recipients. Skeletal muscle offers easier access and greater potential for protocol biopsies. This study suggests that human trials of muscle as a transplant site may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Stokes
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Room 2040, Level 2, Darcy Rd, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- National Pancreas Transplant Unit, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kim Cheng
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amit Lalwani
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Room 2040, Level 2, Darcy Rd, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael M Swarbrick
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Room 2040, Level 2, Darcy Rd, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Tom W Kay
- St Vincent's Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wayne J Hawthorne
- National Pancreas Transplant Unit, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip J O'Connell
- National Pancreas Transplant Unit, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jenny E Gunton
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity & Endocrinology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), Room 2040, Level 2, Darcy Rd, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li N, Sun G, Wang S, Wang Y, Xiu Z, Sun D, Guo X, Zhang Y, Ma X. Engineering islet for improved performance by optimized reaggregation in alginate gel beads. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 64:400-405. [PMID: 26936645 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
After islet isolation, diffusion has become the main mechanism to transport oxygen and nutrients into the core of islets. However, diffusion has limitations, by which nutrients cannot effectively reach the core of large islets and can eventually cause core cell death and islet loss. This problem can be resolved by dispersing islets into single islet cells, but single islet cells do not exhibit insulin release function in in vitro culture. In this study, we intended to establish a new islet engineering approach by forming islet cell clusters to improve islet survival and function. Therefore, alginate gels were used to encapsulate islet cells to form artificial islets after dispersion of islets into single cells. The shape of the islet cell clusters was similar to native islets, and the size of the islet cell clusters was limited to a maximum diameter of 100 μm. By limiting the diameter of this engineered islet cell cluster, cell viability was nearly 100%, a significant improvement over natural islets. Importantly, islet cell clusters express the genes of islets, including Isl-1, Gcg, and insulin-1, and insulin secretion ability was maintained in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Sun
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang K, Weaver JD, Li Y, Chen X, Liang J, Stabler CL. Local release of dexamethasone from macroporous scaffolds accelerates islet transplant engraftment by promotion of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Biomaterials 2017; 114:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
11
|
Hals IK, Singh R, Ma Z, Scholz H, Björklund A, Grill V. Culture at low glucose up-regulates mitochondrial function in pancreatic β cells with accompanying effects on viability. Islets 2016; 8:165-176. [PMID: 27763807 PMCID: PMC5161144 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2016.1246637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether exposure of β cells at reduced glucose leads to mitochondrial adaptions and whether such adaptions modulate effects of hypoxia. Rat islets, human islets and INS-1 832/13 cells were pre-cultured short term at half standard glucose concentrations (5.5 mM for rat islets and cells, 2.75 mM for human islets) without overtly negative effects on subsequently measured function (insulin secretion and cellular insulin contents) or on viability. Culture at half standard glucose upregulated complex I and tended to upregulate complex II in islets and INS-1 cells alike. An increased release of lactate dehydrogenase that followed exposure to hypoxia was attenuated in rat islets which had been pre-cultured at half standard glucose. In INS-1 cells exposure to half standard glucose attenuated hypoxia-induced effects on several viability parameters (MTT, cell number and incremental apoptotic DNA). Thus culture at reduced glucose of pancreatic islets and clonal β cells leads to mitochondrial adaptions which possibly lessen the negative impact of hypoxia on β cell viability. These findings appear relevant in the search for optimization of pre-transplant conditions in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid K. Hals
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- CONTACT Ingrid K. Hals Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Gastrosenter, St Olavs Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 1, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rinku Singh
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zuheng Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Department of Transplantation Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anneli Björklund
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Y, Ding X, Fan P, Guo J, Tian X, Feng X, Zheng J, Tian P, Ding C, Xue W. Inactivation of p27 kip1 Promoted Nonspecific Inflammation by Enhancing Macrophage Proliferation in Islet Transplantation. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4121-4132. [PMID: 27631551 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation suffers from low efficiency caused by nonspecific inflammation-induced graft loss after transplantation. This study reports increased islet loss and enhanced inflammatory response in p27-deficient mice (p27-/-) and proposes a possible mechanism. Compared with wild type, p27-/- mice showed more severe functional injury of islet, with increased serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, inducing macrophage proliferation. Furthermore, the increased number, proapoptotic proteins, and nuclear factor-kappa b (NF-κB) phosphorylation status of the infiltrating macrophages were accompanied by increased TNF-α mRNA level of islet graft site in p27-/- mice. Moreover, in vitro, we found that macrophages were still activated and cocultured with islet and promoted islet loss even blocking the direct effect of TNF-α on islets. Malondialdehyde (MDA, an end product of lipid peroxidation) in islet and media were increased after cocultured with macrophages. p27 deficiency also increased macrophage proliferation and islet injury. Therefore, p27 inactivation promotes injury islet graft loss via the elevation of proliferation and inflammatory cytokines secretion in infiltrating macrophages which induced nonspecific inflammation independent of TNF-α/nuclear factor-kappa b pathway. This potentially represents a promising therapeutic target in improving islet graft survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Tian
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinshun Feng
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Puxun Tian
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenguang Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Department of Renal Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T., X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Center of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation (Y.L., X.D., X.T, X.F., J.Z., P.T., C.D., W.X.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China; and Departments of Rheumatism and Immunology (P.F.) and Hepatobiliary (J.G.), the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Street, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Immunoprotection and Functional Improvement of Allogeneic Islets in Diabetic Mice, Using a Stable Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Producing Scaffold. Transplantation 2016; 99:1341-8. [PMID: 25769070 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that an immunomodulatory enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in dermal fibroblasts generates a tryptophan-deficient environment that selectively inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of bystander CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but not pancreatic islets. Because these immune cells are involved in islet allograft rejection, we hypothesized that transplantation of islets embedded in a novel 3-dimensional composite scaffold within which stable IDO-expressing fibroblasts serve as source of local immunosuppression would lead to normoglycemia in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. METHODS Islet grafts were prepared by embedding stable IDO-expressing fibroblasts and allogeneic islets into a protease-resistant composite scaffold. Islets function and survival were evaluated in vitro using immunohistochemistry. Allografts were transplanted under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice; viability, function, and criteria for graft take were evaluated. Flow cytometry was performed to determine specific intragraft, draining lymph nodes and spleen T-cell population, and splenocytes alloantigen responsiveness of graft recipients. RESULTS The results of a series of in vitro experiments revealed that IDO-expressing fibroblasts do not compromise islet function or survival. The expression of IDO suppressed the proliferation of alloantigen-stimulated splenocytes. The in vivo experiments revealed that local IDO expression delivered by lentiviral vector prolonged islet allograft survival (51.0 ± 2.9 days) by increasing the population of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells at the graft site and graft-draining lymph nodes and preventing T-cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that incorporation of islets within our novel matrix that is equipped with stable IDO-expressing fibroblasts prolongs allograft survival.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hals IK, Bruerberg SG, Ma Z, Scholz H, Björklund A, Grill V. Mitochondrial Respiration in Insulin-Producing β-Cells: General Characteristics and Adaptive Effects of Hypoxia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138558. [PMID: 26401848 PMCID: PMC4581632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To provide novel insights on mitochondrial respiration in β-cells and the adaptive effects of hypoxia. Methods and Design Insulin-producing INS-1 832/13 cells were exposed to 18 hours of hypoxia followed by 20–22 hours re-oxygenation. Mitochondrial respiration was measured by high-resolution respirometry in both intact and permeabilized cells, in the latter after establishing three functional substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) protocols. Concomitant measurements included proteins of mitochondrial complexes (Western blotting), ATP and insulin secretion. Results Intact cells exhibited a high degree of intrinsic uncoupling, comprising about 50% of oxygen consumption in the basal respiratory state. Hypoxia followed by re-oxygenation increased maximal overall respiration. Exploratory experiments in peremabilized cells could not show induction of respiration by malate or pyruvate as reducing substrates, thus glutamate and succinate were used as mitochondrial substrates in SUIT protocols. Permeabilized cells displayed a high capacity for oxidative phosphorylation for both complex I- and II-linked substrates in relation to maximum capacity of electron transfer. Previous hypoxia decreased phosphorylation control of complex I-linked respiration, but not in complex II-linked respiration. Coupling control ratios showed increased coupling efficiency for both complex I- and II-linked substrates in hypoxia-exposed cells. Respiratory rates overall were increased. Also previous hypoxia increased proteins of mitochondrial complexes I and II (Western blotting) in INS-1 cells as well as in rat and human islets. Mitochondrial effects were accompanied by unchanged levels of ATP, increased basal and preserved glucose-induced insulin secretion. Conclusions Exposure of INS-1 832/13 cells to hypoxia, followed by a re-oxygenation period increases substrate-stimulated respiratory capacity and coupling efficiency. Such effects are accompanied by up-regulation of mitochondrial complexes also in pancreatic islets, highlighting adaptive capacities of possible importance in an islet transplantation setting. Results also indicate idiosyncrasies of β-cells that do not respire in response to a standard inclusion of malate in SUIT protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid K. Hals
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Simon Gustafson Bruerberg
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zuheng Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Department of Transplantation Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anneli Björklund
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kusamori K, Nishikawa M, Mizuno N, Nishikawa T, Masuzawa A, Tanaka Y, Mizukami Y, Shimizu K, Konishi S, Takahashi Y, Takakura Y. Increased Insulin Secretion from Insulin-Secreting Cells by Construction of Mixed Multicellular Spheroids. Pharm Res 2015; 33:247-56. [PMID: 26337771 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously have shown that multicellular spheroids containing insulin-secreting cells are an effective therapy for diabetic mice. Here we attempted to increase insulin secretion by incorporating other cell types into spheroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multicellular spheroids of mouse MIN6 pancreatic β cells were formed in microwells alone and with aortic vascular endothelial MAEC cells or embryo fibroblast NIH3T3 cells. mRNA expression of insulin genes and insulin secretion of MIN6 cells in each spheroid were measured by real-time PCR and an insulin ELIZA kit. Moreover, collagen IV expression in each spheroid was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS In all cases, uniformly sized (about 300 μm) multicellular spheroids were obtained. MAEC or NIH3T3 cell incorporation into MIN6 spheroids significantly increased mRNA expression of insulin genes and insulin secretion. In addition, collagen IV expression, which was reported to enhance insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, also increased in their spheroids. CONCLUSIONS The formation of mixed multicellular spheroids containing collagen IV-expressing cells can improve the insulin secretion from insulin-secreting MIN6 cells, and mixed multicellular spheroids can be a potent therapeutic option for patients with type I diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kusamori
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Makiya Nishikawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. .,Institute for Innovative NanoBio Drug Discovery and Development Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Narumi Mizuno
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nishikawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Masuzawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaro Tanaka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Mizukami
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Institute for Innovative NanoBio Drug Discovery and Development Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Ritsumeikan-Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Institute for Innovative NanoBio Drug Discovery and Development Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Ritsumeikan-Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Takakura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Institute for Innovative NanoBio Drug Discovery and Development Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Environmental trigger(s) of type 1 diabetes: why so difficult to identify? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:321656. [PMID: 25883954 PMCID: PMC4390105 DOI: 10.1155/2015/321656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases with childhood onset, and the disease has increased two- to fivefold over the past half century by as yet unknown means. T1D occurs when the body's immune system turns against itself so that, in a very specific and targeted way, it destroys the pancreatic β-cells. T1D results from poorly defined interactions between susceptibility genes and environmental determinants. In contrast to the rapid progress in finding T1D genes, identification and confirmation of environmental determinants remain a formidable challenge. This review article will focus on factors which have to be evaluated and decision to take before starting a new prospective cohort study. Considering all the large ongoing prospective studies, new and more conclusive data than that obtained so far should instead come from international collaboration on the ongoing cohort studies.
Collapse
|
17
|
Qiao N, Xu C, Zhu YX, Cao Y, Liu DC, Han X. Ets-1 as an early response gene against hypoxia-induced apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1650. [PMID: 25695603 PMCID: PMC4669796 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia complicates islet isolation for transplantation and may contribute to pancreatic β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. Pancreatic β-cells are susceptible to hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Severe hypoxic conditions during the immediate post-transplantation period are a main non-immune factor leading to β-cell death and islet graft failure. In this study, we identified the transcription factor Ets-1 (v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1) as an early response gene against hypoxia-induced apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. Hypoxia regulates Ets-1 at multiple levels according to the degree of β-cell oxygen deprivation. Moderate hypoxia promotes Ets-1 gene transcription, whereas severe hypoxia promotes its transactivation activity, as well as its ubiquitin-proteasome mediated degradation. This degradation causes a relative insufficiency of Ets-1 activity, and limits the transactivation effect of Ets-1 on downstream hypoxic-inducible genes and its anti-apoptotic function. Overexpression of ectopic Ets-1 in MIN6 and INS-1 cells protects them from severe hypoxia-induced apoptosis in a mitochondria-dependent manner, confirming that a sufficient amount of Ets-1 activity is critical for protection of pancreatic β-cells against hypoxic injury. Targeting Ets-1 expression may be a useful strategy for islet graft protection during the immediate post-transplantation period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Xu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y-X Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - D-C Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Diabetes Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li N, Zhang Y, Xiu Z, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang S, Li S, Guo X, Ma X. The preservation of islet with alginate encapsulation in the process of transportation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:530-6. [PMID: 25223970 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Restoration of insulin secretion by transplantation of isolated islets is a treatment for type Ι diabetes mellitus. One of the major issues with clinical treatment of islet transplantation is how to maintain islet viability during transportation from the donor to the patient. We developed a method that uses alginate encapsulation to protect islets from mechanical damage during shipment. We tested several variables for their impact on islet viability during transportation and used the significant variable to build a response surface methodology (RSM) model by the Box-Behnken design method. This type of model is a mathematical and statistical technique that we used to optimize the conditions for islet viability during shipment. In this study, the factors that significantly affected islet survival rate were incubation time, serum concentration, and preservation time. Then, an empirical model was built to optimize conditions of the islets for shipping according to the responses of the effect factors with RSM. This model can be used to predict the islet survival rate and can serve as a guide for optimizing the transportation method of islets and increasing the success rate of the transplant procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gunawardana SC. Benefits of healthy adipose tissue in the treatment of diabetes. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:420-430. [PMID: 25126390 PMCID: PMC4127579 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i4.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The major malfunction in diabetes mellitus is severe perturbation of glucose homeostasis caused by deficiency of insulin. Insulin deficiency is either absolute due to destruction or failure of pancreatic β cells, or relative due to decreased sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin. The primary lesion being related to insulin, treatments for diabetes focus on insulin replacement and/or increasing sensitivity to insulin. These therapies have their own limitations and complications, some of which can be life-threatening. For example, exogenous insulin administration can lead to fatal hypoglycemic episodes; islet/pancreas transplantation requires life-long immunosuppressive therapy; and anti-diabetic drugs have dangerous side effects including edema, heart failure and lactic acidosis. Thus the need remains for better safer long term treatments for diabetes. The ultimate goal in treating diabetes is to re-establish glucose homeostasis, preferably through endogenously generated hormones. Recent studies increasingly show that extra-pancreatic hormones, particularly those arising from adipose tissue, can compensate for insulin, or entirely replace the function of insulin under appropriate circumstances. Adipose tissue is a versatile endocrine organ that secretes a variety of hormones with far-reaching effects on overall metabolism. While unhealthy adipose tissue can exacerbate diabetes through limiting circulation and secreting of pro-inflammatory cytokines, healthy uninflamed adipose tissue secretes beneficial adipokines with hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties, which can complement and/or compensate for the function of insulin. Administration of specific adipokines is known to alleviate both type 1 and 2 diabetes, and leptin mono-therapy is reported to reverse type 1 diabetes independent of insulin. Although specific adipokines may correct diabetes, administration of individual adipokines still carries risks similar to those of insulin monotherapy. Thus a better approach is to achieve glucose homeostasis with endogenously-generated adipokines through transplantation or regeneration of healthy adipose tissue. Our recent studies on mouse models show that type 1 diabetes can be reversed without insulin through subcutaneous transplantation of embryonic brown adipose tissue, which leads to replenishment of recipients’ white adipose tissue; increase of a number of beneficial adipokines; and fast and long-lasting euglycemia. Insulin-independent glucose homeostasis is established through a combination of endogenously generated hormones arising from the transplant and/or newly-replenished white adipose tissue. Transplantation of healthy white adipose tissue is reported to alleviate type 2 diabetes in rodent models on several occasions, and increasing the content of endogenous brown adipose tissue is known to combat obesity and type 2 diabetes in both humans and animal models. While the underlying mechanisms are not fully documented, the beneficial effects of healthy adipose tissue in improving metabolism are increasingly reported, and are worthy of attention as a powerful tool in combating metabolic disease.
Collapse
|
20
|
Improved Islet Purity by the Hypertonic-Hypotonic Method. Int J Artif Organs 2014; 37:477-85. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Islet purification is usually performed using the density gradient separation method, but the purity of islets is low because exocrine cells and the embedded islets are hard to remove by using only the density gradient method. The aim of this study was to establish a new islet purification process comprising a hypertonic-hypotonic treatment step followed by a density gradient centrifugation step to improve the purity of islets. Methods The Plackett-Burman method was used to determine which factors had a significant influence on the purity of islets obtained after the hypertonic-hypotonic treatment step. Results The hypertonic solution concentration and the incubation time were both found to have a significant effect on islet purity. The purity of islets obtained using the modified purification process was significantly higher than that of islets obtained by density gradient alone (97% vs. 87.23%). Importantly, good cell viability and normal insulin secretion ability of islets were maintained following the modified purification. Conclusions The new purification process allows isolation of islets with improved purity and does not compromise the viability or function of the islets.
Collapse
|
21
|
Lalwani A, Stokes RA, Lau SM, Gunton JE. Deletion of ARNT (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator) in β-cells causes islet transplant failure with impaired β-cell function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98435. [PMID: 24878748 PMCID: PMC4039512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Replacing β-cells by islet-transplantation can cure type 1 diabetes, but up to 70% of β-cells die within 10 days of transplantation. ARNT (Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator) regulates β-cell function, and potentially survival. Lack of ARNT impairs the ability of β-cells to respond to physiological stress and potentiates the onset of diabetes, but the exact role of ARNT in graft outcome is unknown. Aim To investigate the effect of β-cell deletion of ARNT on graft outcomes. Methods Islets were isolated from donor mice which had β-cell specific ARNT-deletion (β-ARNT) or littermate floxed controls. The islets were transplanted into diabetic SCID recipients in ratios of (a) 3 donors: 1 recipient, (b) 1 donor: 1 recipient or (c) ½ of the islets from 1 donor: 1 recipient. After 28 days, the kidney containing the graft was removed (nephrectomy) to exclude regeneration of the endogenous pancreas. Results In the supra-physiological-mass model (3∶1), both groups achieved reasonable glycaemia, with slightly higher levels in β-ARNT-recipients. In adequate-mass model (1∶1), β-ARNT recipients had poor glucose control versus floxed-control recipients and versus the β-ARNT donors. In the low-β-cell-mass model (½:1) β-ARNT transplants completely failed, whereas controls had good outcomes. Unexpectedly, there was no difference in the graft insulin content or β-cell mass between groups indicating that the defect was not due to early altered β-cell survival. Conclusion Outcomes for islet transplants lacking β-cell ARNT were poor, unless markedly supra-physiological masses of islets were transplanted. In the 1∶1 transplant model, there was no difference in β-cell volume. This is surprising because transplants of islets lacking one of the ARNT-partners HIF-1α have increased apoptosis and decreased islet volume. ARNT also partners HIF-2α and AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) to form active transcriptional complexes, and further work to understand the roles of HIF-2α and AhR in transplant outcomes is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lalwani
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebecca A. Stokes
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, Australia
| | - Sue Mei Lau
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jenny E. Gunton
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR), Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Colton CK. Oxygen supply to encapsulated therapeutic cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 67-68:93-110. [PMID: 24582600 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic cells encapsulated in immunobarrier devices have promise for treatment of a variety of human diseases without immunosuppression. The absence of sufficient oxygen supply to maintain viability and function of encapsulated tissue has been the most critical impediment to progress. Within the framework of oxygen supply limitations, we review the major issues related to development of these devices, primarily in the context of encapsulated islets of Langerhans for treating diabetes, including device designs and materials, supply of tissue, protection from immune rejection, and maintenance of cell viability and function. We describe various defensive measures investigated to enhance survival of transplanted tissue, and we review the diverse approaches to enhancement of oxygen transport to encapsulated tissue, including manipulation of diffusion distances and oxygen permeability of materials, induction of neovascularization with angiogenic factors and vascularizing membranes, and methods for increasing the oxygen concentration adjacent to encapsulated tissue so as to exceed that in the microvasculature. Recent developments, particularly in this latter area, suggest that the field is ready for clinical trials of encapsulated therapeutic cells to treat diabetes.
Collapse
|
23
|
Vrabelova D, Adin CA, Kenzig A, Gilor C, Xu F, Buss JL, Rajab A. Evaluation of a high-yield technique for pancreatic islet isolation from deceased canine donors. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 47:119-26. [PMID: 23428563 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequently diagnosed endocrinopathies in dogs, and prevalence continues to increase. Pancreatic islet transplantation is a noninvasive and potentially curative treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Institution of this treatment in dogs will require a readily available source of canine islets. We hypothesized that clinically acceptable islet yield and purity could be achieved by using deceased canine donors and standard centrifugation equipment. Pancreata were procured from dogs euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study. Initial anatomic studies were performed to evaluate efficacy of pancreatic perfusion. Infusion into the accessory pancreatic duct resulted in perfusion of approximately 75% of the pancreas. Additional cannulation of the distal right limb of the pancreas allowed complete perfusion. Collagenase digestion was performed with a Ricordi chamber and temperature-controlled perfusion circuit. Islets were separated from the exocrine tissue with the use of a discontinuous density gradient and a standard laboratory centrifuge. After isolation, islet yield was calculated and viability was assessed with dual fluorescent staining techniques. Islet isolation was completed in 6 dogs. Median (interquartile range) islet yield was 36,756 (28,527) islet equivalents per pancreas. A high degree of islet purity (percentage of endocrine tissue; 87.5% [10%]) and viability (87.4% [12.4%]) were achieved. The islet yield achieved with this technique would require approximately 1 pancreas per 5 kg body weight of the recipient dog. Purity and viability of the isolated islets were comparable with those achieved in human islet transplantation program. According to initial results, clinically relevant islet yield and quality can be obtained from deceased canine donors with the use of standard laboratory equipment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Vrabelova
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - C A Adin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - A Kenzig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - C Gilor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - F Xu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J L Buss
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A Rajab
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chhabra P, Brayman KL. Overcoming barriers in clinical islet transplantation: current limitations and future prospects. Curr Probl Surg 2014; 51:49-86. [PMID: 24411187 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
25
|
Abstract
Early innate inflammatory reaction strongly affects islet engraftment and survival after intrahepatic transplantation. This early immune response is triggered by ischemia-reperfusion injury and instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) occurring hours and days after islet infusion. Evidence in both mouse model and in human counterpart suggest the involvement of coagulation, complement system, and proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines. Identification and targeting of pathway(s), playing a role as "master regulator(s)" in post-transplant detrimental inflammatory events, is now mandatory to improve islet transplantation success. This review will focus on inflammatory pathway(s) differentially modulated by islet isolation and mainly associated with the early post-transplant events. Moreover, we will take into account anti-inflammatory strategies that have been tested at 2 levels: on the graft, ex vivo, during islet culture (i.e., donor) and/or on the graft site, in vivo, early after islet infusion (i.e., recipient).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Citro
- Beta Cell Biology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Type 1 Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Studies for Identification of the Environmental Trigger. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 61:459-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-013-0247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
27
|
Hosseini-Tabatabaei A, Jalili RB, Hartwell R, Salimi S, Kilani RT, Ghahary A. Embedding islet in a liquid scaffold increases islet viability and function. Can J Diabetes 2013; 37:27-35. [PMID: 24070745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Islet transplantation is a promising strategy to restore efficient insulin regulation in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. However, shortage of islet donors, poor islet survival and toxicity of immunosuppressants often reduce the graft functional lifetime. METHODS We previously showed that a fibroblast populated-collagen matrix (CM) significantly improved engrafted islet viability/function. However, this composite was prone to gradual biodegradation and contraction. Moreover, to avoid use of systemic immunosuppressants, we proposed the use of a local immunosuppressive enzyme, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We developed a novel bioengineered crosslinked CM (CCM) to provide optimal matrix biomimetic. Viability and insulin secretory function of islets embedded within fibroblast populated CCM (FP-CCM) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. IDO expression was transduced in fibroblasts by a lentiviral vector carrying IDO gene and islet viability was evaluated in the presence and absence of IDO producing cells. RESULTS Islet survival/function markedly improved within FP-CCM. Furthermore, our data shows that local lentiviral induction of IDO delivered by FP-CCM is nontoxic to the embedded islets. CONCLUSIONS This promising finding offers a new approach to improving islet transplant outcome.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hals IK, Rokstad AM, Strand BL, Oberholzer J, Grill V. Alginate microencapsulation of human islets does not increase susceptibility to acute hypoxia. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:374925. [PMID: 24364039 PMCID: PMC3864170 DOI: 10.1155/2013/374925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation in diabetes is hampered by the need of life-long immunosuppression. Encapsulation provides partial immunoprotection but could possibly limit oxygen supply, a factor that may enhance hypoxia-induced beta cell death in the early posttransplantation period. Here we tested susceptibility of alginate microencapsulated human islets to experimental hypoxia (0.1-0.3% O2 for 8 h, followed by reoxygenation) on viability and functional parameters. Hypoxia reduced viability as measured by MTT by 33.8 ± 3.5% in encapsulated and 42.9 ± 5.2% in nonencapsulated islets (P < 0.2). Nonencapsulated islets released 37.7% (median) more HMGB1 compared to encapsulated islets after hypoxic culture conditions (P < 0.001). Glucose-induced insulin release was marginally affected by hypoxia. Basal oxygen consumption was equally reduced in encapsulated and nonencapsulated islets, by 22.0 ± 6.1% versus 24.8 ± 5.7%. Among 27 tested cytokines/chemokines, hypoxia increased the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8/CXCL8 in both groups of islets, whereas an increase of MCP-1/CCL2 was seen only with nonencapsulated islets. Conclusion. Alginate microencapsulation of human islets does not increase susceptibility to acute hypoxia. This is a positive finding in relation to potential use of encapsulation for islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. K. Hals
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- *I. K. Hals:
| | - A. M. Rokstad
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - B. L. Strand
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - J. Oberholzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, IL at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - V. Grill
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Postbox 3250, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a serious disease with increasing incidence worldwide, with fatal consequences if untreated. Traditional therapies require direct or indirect insulin replacement, which involves numerous limitations and complications. While insulin is the major regulator of blood glucose, recent reports demonstrate the ability of several extra-pancreatic hormones to decrease blood glucose and improve metabolic homeostasis. Such hormones mainly include adipokines originating from adipose tissue (AT), while specific factors from the gut and liver also contribute to glucose homeostasis. Correction of T1D with adipokines is progressively becoming a realistic option, with the potential to overcome many problems associated with insulin replacement. Several recent studies demonstrate insulin-independent reversal or amelioration of T1D through administration of specific adipokines. Our recent work demonstrates the ability of healthy AT to compensate for the function of endocrine pancreas in long-term correction of T1D. This review discusses the potential of AT-related therapies for T1D as viable alternatives to insulin replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra C Gunawardana
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Stokes RA, Cheng K, Deters N, Lau SM, Hawthorne WJ, O'Connell PJ, Stolp J, Grey S, Loudovaris T, Kay TW, Thomas HE, Gonzalez FJ, Gunton JE. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) potentiates β-cell survival after islet transplantation of human and mouse islets. Cell Transplant 2012; 22:253-66. [PMID: 22710383 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x647180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A high proportion of β-cells die within days of islet transplantation. Reports suggest that induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) predicts adverse transplant outcomes. We hypothesized that this was a compensatory response and that HIF-1α protects β-cells during transplantation. Transplants were performed using human islets or murine β-cell-specific HIF-1α-null (β-HIF-1α-null) islets with or without treatment with deferoxamine (DFO) to increase HIF-1α. β-HIF-1α-null transplants had poor outcomes, demonstrating that lack of HIF-1α impaired transplant efficiency. Increasing HIF-1α improved outcomes for mouse and human islets. No effect was seen in β-HIF-1α-null islets. The mechanism was decreased apoptosis, resulting in increased β-cell mass posttransplantation. These findings show that HIF-1α is a protective factor and is required for successful islet transplant outcomes. Iron chelation with DFO markedly improved transplant success in a HIF-1α-dependent manner, thus demonstrating the mechanism of action. DFO, approved for human use, may have a therapeutic role in the setting of human islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Stokes
- Diabetes and Transcription Factors Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research GIMR, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|