1
|
Doll CL, Snider AJ. The diverse roles of sphingolipids in inflammatory bowel disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23777. [PMID: 38934445 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400830r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased over the last 20 years. A variety of causes, both physiological and environmental, contribute to the initiation and progression of IBD, making disease management challenging. Current treatment options target various aspects of the immune response to dampen intestinal inflammation; however, their effectiveness at retaining remission, their side effects, and loss of response from patients over time warrant further investigation. Finding a common thread within the multitude causes of IBD is critical in developing robust treatment options. Sphingolipids are evolutionary conserved bioactive lipids universally generated in all cell types. This diverse lipid family is involved in a variety of fundamental, yet sometimes opposing, processes such as proliferation and apoptosis. Implicated as regulators in intestinal diseases, sphingolipids are a potential cornerstone in understanding IBD. Herein we will describe the role of host- and microbial-derived sphingolipids as they relate to the many factors of intestinal health and IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Doll
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Merz N, Hartel JC, Grösch S. How ceramides affect the development of colon cancer: from normal colon to carcinoma. Pflugers Arch 2024:10.1007/s00424-024-02960-x. [PMID: 38635059 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The integrity of the colon and the development of colon cancer depend on the sphingolipid balance in colon epithelial cells. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how ceramides and their complex derivatives influence normal colon development and colon cancer development. Ceramides, glucosylceramides and sphingomyelin are essential membrane components and, due to their biophysical properties, can influence the activation of membrane proteins, affecting protein-protein interactions and downstream signalling pathways. Here, we review the cellular mechanisms known to be affected by ceramides and their effects on colon development. We also describe which ceramides are deregulated during colorectal carcinogenesis, the molecular mechanisms involved in ceramide deregulation and how this affects carcinogenesis. Finally, we review new methods that are now state of the art for studying lipid-protein interactions in the physiological environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Merz
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jennifer Christina Hartel
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferru-Clément R, Boucher G, Forest A, Bouchard B, Bitton A, Lesage S, Schumm P, Lazarev M, Brant S, Duerr RH, McGovern DPB, Silverberg M, Cho JH, Ananthakrishnan A, Xavier RJ, Rioux JD, Des Rosiers C. Serum Lipidomic Screen Identifies Key Metabolites, Pathways, and Disease Classifiers in Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1024-1037. [PMID: 36662167 PMCID: PMC10320374 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an unmet medical need for biomarkers that capture host and environmental contributions in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). This study aimed at testing the potential of circulating lipids as disease classifiers given their major roles in inflammation. METHODS We applied a previously validated comprehensive high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted lipidomic workflow covering 25 lipid subclasses to serum samples from 100 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 100 matched control subjects. Findings were replicated and expanded in another 200 CD patients and 200 control subjects. Key metabolites were tested for associations with disease behavior and location, and classification models were built and validated. Their association with disease activity was tested using an independent cohort of 42 CD patients. RESULTS We identified >70 metabolites with strong association (P < 1 × 10-4, q < 5 × 10-4) to CD. Highly performing classification models (area under the curve > 0.84-0.97) could be built with as few as 5 to 9 different metabolites, representing 6 major correlated lipid clusters. These classifiers included a phosphatidylethanolamine ether (O-16:0/20:4), a sphingomyelin (d18:1/21:0) and a cholesterol ester (14:1), a very long-chain dicarboxylic acid [28:1(OH)] and sitosterol sulfate. These classifiers and correlated lipids indicate a dysregulated metabolism in host cells, notably in peroxisomes, as well as dysbiosis, oxidative stress, compromised inflammation resolution, or intestinal membrane integrity. A subset of these were associated with disease behavior or location. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted lipidomic analyses uncovered perturbations in the circulating human CD lipidome, likely resulting from multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Models using as few as 5 biomarkers had strong disease classifier characteristics, supporting their potential use in diagnosis or prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Ferru-Clément
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire Histocompatibilité et Immunogénétique, Établissement français du sang–Nouvelle-Aquitaine, site de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Anik Forest
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alain Bitton
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Phil Schumm
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Lazarev
- Harvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve Brant
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Richard H Duerr
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Silverberg
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judy H Cho
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ashwin Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Selenocoxib-3, a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic effectively resolves colitis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:621-636. [PMID: 36001205 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic and relapsing colonic inflammatory disease. Despite the involvement of diverse intricate mechanisms, COX mediated inflammatory pathway is crucial in the pathophysiology of colitis. Thus, COX inhibition is imperative for managing colitis-associated inflammation. However, the use of COX inhibitory classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for inflammation resolution has been linked to sudden increased flare-ups. Therefore, considering the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects of antioxidant and essential trace element Selenium (Se), a Seleno-derivative of Celecoxib called Selenocoxib-3 was characterized and evaluated for its favourable pharmacokinetics, safety margins and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential in DSS-induced experimental colitis. The serum pharmacokinetic profiling [elimination rate constant (K) and clearance (Cl) and toxicity profiling suggested enhanced efficacy, therapeutic potential and lesser toxicity of Selenocoxib-3 as compared to its parent NSAID Celecoxib. In vivo studies demonstrated that Selenocoxib-3 efficiently resolves the gross morphological signs of DSS-induced colitis such as diarrhoea, bloody stools, weight loss and colon shortening. Further, intestinal damage evaluated by H & E staining and MPO activity suggested of histopathological disruptions, such as neutrophil infiltration, mucodepletion and cryptitis, by Selenocoxib-3. The expression profiles of COX-1/2 demonstrated mitigation of pro-inflammatory mediators thereby promoting anti-inflammatory efficacy of Selenocoxib-3 when compared with Celecoxib. The current study suggests translational applicability of Se-containing novel class of COX inhibitors for efficiently managing inflammatory disorders such as UC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu X, Xu J, Yang X, Wang D, Xu X. Integrating Transcriptomics and Metabolomics to Explore the Novel Pathway of Fusobacterium nucleatum Invading Colon Cancer Cells. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020201. [PMID: 36839472 PMCID: PMC9967813 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy with a very high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteria and their metabolites play a role in inducing and promoting CRC; however, no studies on the exchange of information between Fusobacterium nucleatum extracellular vesicles (Fnevs) and CRC cells have been reported. Our research shows that Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC25586 secretes extracellular vesicles carrying active substances from parental bacteria which are endocytosed by colon cancer cells. Moreover, Fnevs promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells and inhibit apoptosis; they also improve the ability of CRC cells to resist oxidative stress and SOD enzyme activity. The genes differentially expressed after transcriptome sequencing are mostly involved in the positive regulation of tumor cell proliferation. After detecting differential metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, Fnevs were found to promote cell proliferation by regulating amino acid biosynthesis in CRC cells and metabolic pathways such as central carbon metabolism, protein digestion, and uptake in cancer. In summary, this study not only found new evidence of the synergistic effect of pathogenic bacteria and colon cancer tumor cells, but also provides a new direction for the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinzhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Danping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-55191827
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sandhoff R, Sandhoff K. Neuronal Ganglioside and Glycosphingolipid (GSL) Metabolism and Disease : Cascades of Secondary Metabolic Errors Can Generate Complex Pathologies (in LSDs). ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:333-390. [PMID: 36255681 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a diverse group of membrane components occurring mainly on the surfaces of mammalian cells. They and their metabolites have a role in intercellular communication, serving as versatile biochemical signals (Kaltner et al, Biochem J 476(18):2623-2655, 2019) and in many cellular pathways. Anionic GSLs, the sialic acid containing gangliosides (GGs), are essential constituents of neuronal cell surfaces, whereas anionic sulfatides are key components of myelin and myelin forming oligodendrocytes. The stepwise biosynthetic pathways of GSLs occur at and lead along the membranes of organellar surfaces of the secretory pathway. After formation of the hydrophobic ceramide membrane anchor of GSLs at the ER, membrane-spanning glycosyltransferases (GTs) of the Golgi and Trans-Golgi network generate cell type-specific GSL patterns for cellular surfaces. GSLs of the cellular plasma membrane can reach intra-lysosomal, i.e. luminal, vesicles (ILVs) by endocytic pathways for degradation. Soluble glycoproteins, the glycosidases, lipid binding and transfer proteins and acid ceramidase are needed for the lysosomal catabolism of GSLs at ILV-membrane surfaces. Inherited mutations triggering a functional loss of glycosylated lysosomal hydrolases and lipid binding proteins involved in GSL degradation cause a primary lysosomal accumulation of their non-degradable GSL substrates in lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Lipid binding proteins, the SAPs, and the various lipids of the ILV-membranes regulate GSL catabolism, but also primary storage compounds such as sphingomyelin (SM), cholesterol (Chol.), or chondroitin sulfate can effectively inhibit catabolic lysosomal pathways of GSLs. This causes cascades of metabolic errors, accumulating secondary lysosomal GSL- and GG- storage that can trigger a complex pathology (Breiden and Sandhoff, Int J Mol Sci 21(7):2566, 2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Sandhoff
- Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Sandhoff
- LIMES, c/o Kekule-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li M, Liu S, Tan L, Luo Y, Gao Z, Liu J, Wu Y, Fan W, DeSaeger S, Song S. Fumonisin B 1 induced intestinal epithelial barrier damage through endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered by the ceramide synthase 2 depletion. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 166:113263. [PMID: 35777715 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) contamination in feed is of great concern nowadays. The intestine would be the first line when FB1-contaminated food or feed was ingested. However, the intestinal toxicity and mechanism of FB1 have rarely been studied. In this study, we found that FB1 inhibited cell viability, and promoted the severe release of lactate dehydrogenase. Meantime, FB1 destroyed the intestinal physical barrier by reducing the expressions of tight junctions. And FB1 induced excessive production of cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α, resulting in damage to the intestinal immunological barrier. Furthermore, we observed that FB1 preferentially inhibited the expressions of ceramide synthase 2 (CerS2) and upregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of CerS2 and CerS2 overexpression proved that CerS2 depletion induced by FB1 triggered ER stress, which then destructed the intestinal barrier. FB1-induced intestinal impairment could be restored by CerS2 over-expression or 4-Phenylbutyric acid (ER stress inhibitor). Overall, our findings demonstrated intestinal toxicity and potential mechanism of FB1, and the intestinal impairment risk posed by FB1 must be taken seriously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengcong Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhangshan Gao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wentao Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sarah DeSaeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mandala A, Dobrinskikh E, Janssen RC, Fiehn O, D’Alessandro A, Friedman JE, Jonscher KR. Maternal Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Supplementation Improves Offspring Liver Bioactive Lipid Profiles throughout the Lifespan and Protects against the Development of Adult NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6043. [PMID: 35682720 PMCID: PMC9181499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity and consumption of a high-fat diet significantly elevate risk for pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), affecting 10% of children in the US. Almost half of these children are diagnosed with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a leading etiology for liver transplant. Animal models show that signs of liver injury and perturbed lipid metabolism associated with NAFLD begin in utero; however, safe dietary therapeutics to blunt developmental programming of NAFLD are unavailable. Using a mouse model of maternal Western-style diet (WD), we previously showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a potent dietary antioxidant, protected offspring of WD-fed dams from development of NAFLD and NASH. Here, we used untargeted mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to delineate lipotoxic effects of WD on offspring liver and identify lipid targets of PQQ. PQQ exposure during pregnancy altered hepatic lipid profiles of WD-exposed offspring, upregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α signaling and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation to markedly attenuate triglyceride accumulation beginning in utero. Surprisingly, the abundance of very long-chain ceramides, important in promoting gut barrier and hepatic function, was significantly elevated in PQQ-treated offspring. PQQ exposure reduced the hepatic phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine (PC/PE) ratio in WD-fed offspring and improved glucose tolerance. Notably, levels of protective n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were elevated in offspring exposed to PQQ, beginning in utero, and the increase in n - 3 PUFAs persisted into adulthood. Our findings suggest that PQQ supplementation during gestation and lactation augments pathways involved in the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids and plays a unique role in modifying specific bioactive lipid species critical for protection against NAFLD risk in later life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Mandala
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (A.M.); (R.C.J.); (J.E.F.)
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Rachel C. Janssen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (A.M.); (R.C.J.); (J.E.F.)
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- Genome Center-Metabolomics, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (A.M.); (R.C.J.); (J.E.F.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Karen R. Jonscher
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (A.M.); (R.C.J.); (J.E.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Y, Nicholson RJ, Summers SA. Ceramide signaling in the gut. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 544:111554. [PMID: 34998898 PMCID: PMC8828712 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential lipid components in the intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) along the intestinal tract. They play crucial roles in maintaining barrier integrity, regulating nutrient absorption, and acting as signaling molecules to regulate regeneration and differentiation of intestinal mucosa (Kurek et al., 2012). Ceramide is the central sphingolipid species and the precursor of all complex sphingolipids and other downstream simple intermediates like sphingosine (SPH), ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S-1-P). It is also a critical signaling molecule regulating numerous physiologic and pathologic processes. This review will summarize the metabolism of ceramides in the gut and their regulation in inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, 15 North 2030 East, UT, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA.
| | - Rebekah J Nicholson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, 15 North 2030 East, UT, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, 15 North 2030 East, UT, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
T-Cell-Specific CerS4 Depletion Prolonged Inflammation and Enhanced Tumor Burden in the AOM/DSS-Induced CAC Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031866. [PMID: 35163788 PMCID: PMC8837088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the role of sphingolipids in the multifactorial process of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we elucidated the role of CerS4 in colitis and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). For this, we utilized the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate (AOM/DSS)-induced colitis model in global CerS4 knockout (CerS4 KO), intestinal epithelial (CerS4 Vil/Cre), or T-cell restricted knockout (CerS4 LCK/Cre) mice. CerS4 KO mice were highly sensitive to the toxic effect of AOM/DSS, leading to a high mortality rate. CerS4 Vil/Cre mice had smaller tumors than WT mice. In contrast, CerS4 LCK/Cre mice frequently suffered from pancolitis and developed more colon tumors. In vitro, CerS4-depleted CD8+ T-cells isolated from the thymi of CerS4 LCK/Cre mice showed impaired proliferation and prolonged cytokine production after stimulation in comparison with T-cells from WT mice. Depletion of CerS4 in human Jurkat T-cells led to a constitutively activated T-cell receptor and NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, the deficiency of CerS4 in T-cells led to an enduring active status of these cells and prevents the resolution of inflammation, leading to a higher tumor burden in the CAC mouse model. In contrast, CerS4 deficiency in epithelial cells resulted in smaller colon tumors and seemed to be beneficial. The higher tumor incidence in CerS4 LCK/Cre mice and the toxic effect of AOM/DSS in CerS4 KO mice exhibited the importance of CerS4 in other tissues and revealed the complexity of general targeting CerS4.
Collapse
|
11
|
Olesch C, Brüne B, Weigert A. Keep a Little Fire Burning-The Delicate Balance of Targeting Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Cancer Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031289. [PMID: 35163211 PMCID: PMC8836181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes tumor development through a variety of mechanisms including promoting proliferation, survival, and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, S1P emerged as an important regulator of tumor microenvironmental cell function by modulating, among other mechanisms, tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, S1P was proposed as a target for anti-tumor therapy. The clinical success of current cancer immunotherapy suggests that future anti-tumor therapy needs to consider its impact on the tumor-associated immune system. Hereby, S1P may have divergent effects. On the one hand, S1P gradients control leukocyte trafficking throughout the body, which is clinically exploited to suppress auto-immune reactions. On the other hand, S1P promotes pro-tumor activation of a diverse range of immune cells. In this review, we summarize the current literature describing the role of S1P in tumor-associated immunity, and we discuss strategies for how to target S1P for anti-tumor therapy without causing immune paralysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Olesch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Bayer Joint Immunotherapeutics Laboratory, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fat of the Gut: Epithelial Phospholipids in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111682. [PMID: 34769112 PMCID: PMC8584226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprise a distinct set of clinical symptoms resulting from chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Despite the significant progress in understanding the etiology and development of treatment strategies, IBD remain incurable for thousands of patients. Metabolic deregulation is indicative of IBD, including substantial shifts in lipid metabolism. Recent data showed that changes in some phospholipids are very common in IBD patients. For instance, phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)/PC ratios are associated with the severity of the inflammatory process. Composition of phospholipids also changes upon IBD towards an increase in arachidonic acid and a decrease in linoleic and a-linolenic acid levels. Moreover, an increase in certain phospholipid metabolites, such as lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide, can result in enhanced intestinal inflammation, malignancy, apoptosis or necroptosis. Because some phospholipids are associated with pathogenesis of IBD, they may provide a basis for new strategies to treat IBD. Current attempts are aimed at controlling phospholipid and fatty acid levels through the diet or via pharmacological manipulation of lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
13
|
Spohner AK, Jakobi K, Trautmann S, Thomas D, Schumacher F, Kleuser B, Lütjohann D, El-Hindi K, Grösch S, Pfeilschifter J, Saba JD, Meyer zu Heringdorf D. Mouse Liver Compensates Loss of Sgpl1 by Secretion of Sphingolipids into Blood and Bile. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10617. [PMID: 34638955 PMCID: PMC8508615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) lyase (Sgpl1) catalyses the irreversible cleavage of S1P and thereby the last step of sphingolipid degradation. Loss of Sgpl1 in humans and mice leads to accumulation of sphingolipids and multiple organ injuries. Here, we addressed the role of hepatocyte Sgpl1 for regulation of sphingolipid homoeostasis by generating mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Sgpl1 (Sgpl1HepKO mice). Sgpl1HepKO mice had normal body weight, liver weight, liver structure and liver enzymes both at the age of 8 weeks and 8 months. S1P, sphingosine and ceramides, but not glucosylceramides or sphingomyelin, were elevated by ~1.5-2-fold in liver, and this phenotype did not progress with age. Several ceramides were elevated in plasma, while plasma S1P was normal. Interestingly, S1P and glucosylceramides, but not ceramides, were elevated in bile of Sgpl1HepKO mice. Furthermore, liver cholesterol was elevated, while LDL cholesterol decreased in 8-month-old mice. In agreement, the LDL receptor was upregulated, suggesting enhanced uptake of LDL cholesterol. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, liver X receptor and fatty acid synthase was unaltered. These data show that mouse hepatocytes largely compensate the loss of Sgpl1 by secretion of accumulating sphingolipids in a specific manner into blood and bile, so that they can be excreted or degraded elsewhere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katharina Spohner
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.S.); (K.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Katja Jakobi
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.S.); (K.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theo-dor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.T.); (D.T.); (K.E.-H.); (S.G.)
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theo-dor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.T.); (D.T.); (K.E.-H.); (S.G.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institut für Pharmazie, Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institut für Pharmazie, Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theo-dor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.T.); (D.T.); (K.E.-H.); (S.G.)
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theo-dor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.T.); (D.T.); (K.E.-H.); (S.G.)
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.S.); (K.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Julie D. Saba
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Dagmar Meyer zu Heringdorf
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.S.); (K.J.); (J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schmitz K, Trautmann S, Hahnefeld L, Fischer C, Schreiber Y, Wilken-Schmitz A, Gurke R, Brunkhorst R, Werner ER, Watschinger K, Wicker S, Thomas D, Geisslinger G, Tegeder I. Sapropterin (BH4) Aggravates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1862-1879. [PMID: 33844153 PMCID: PMC8609075 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Depletion of the enzyme cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), in T-cells was shown to prevent their proliferation upon receptor stimulation in models of allergic inflammation in mice, suggesting that BH4 drives autoimmunity. Hence, the clinically available BH4 drug (sapropterin) might increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. The present study assessed the implications for multiple sclerosis (MS) as an exemplary CNS autoimmune disease. Plasma levels of biopterin were persistently low in MS patients and tended to be lower with high Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Instead, the bypass product, neopterin, was increased. The deregulation suggested that BH4 replenishment might further drive the immune response or beneficially restore the BH4 balances. To answer this question, mice were treated with sapropterin in immunization-evoked autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis. Sapropterin-treated mice had higher EAE disease scores associated with higher numbers of T-cells infiltrating the spinal cord, but normal T-cell subpopulations in spleen and blood. Mechanistically, sapropterin treatment was associated with increased plasma levels of long-chain ceramides and low levels of the poly-unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid (FA18:3). These lipid changes are known to contribute to disruptions of the blood-brain barrier in EAE mice. Indeed, RNA data analyses revealed upregulations of genes involved in ceramide synthesis in brain endothelial cells of EAE mice (LASS6/CERS6, LASS3/CERS3, UGCG, ELOVL6, and ELOVL4). The results support the view that BH4 fortifies autoimmune CNS disease, mechanistically involving lipid deregulations that are known to contribute to the EAE pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Caroline Fischer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annett Wilken-Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Gurke
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Brunkhorst
- Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ernst R Werner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Austria
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Austria
| | - Sabine Wicker
- Occupational Health Services, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Otani T, Furuse M. Tight Junction Structure and Function Revisited. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:805-817. [PMID: 32891490 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are intercellular junctions critical for building the epithelial barrier and maintaining epithelial polarity. The claudin family of membrane proteins play central roles in TJ structure and function. However, recent findings have uncovered claudin-independent aspects of TJ structure and function, and additional players including junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs), membrane lipids, phase separation of the zonula occludens (ZO) family of scaffolding proteins, and mechanical force have been shown to play important roles in TJ structure and function. In this review, we discuss how these new findings have the potential to transform our understanding of TJ structure and function, and how the intricate network of TJ proteins and membrane lipids dynamically interact to drive TJ assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhisa Otani
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Di Pardo A, Pepe G, Capocci L, Marracino F, Amico E, Del Vecchio L, Giova S, Jeong SK, Park BM, Park BD, Maglione V. Treatment with K6PC-5, a selective stimulator of SPHK1, ameliorates intestinal homeostasis in an animal model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:105009. [PMID: 32634578 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Huntington's disease (HD) may be described as multi-organ pathology. In this context, we and others have contributed to demonstrate that the disease is characterized by an impairment of the homeostasis of gastro-intestinal (GI) tract. Sphingolipids represent a class of molecules involved in the regulation and maintenance of different tissues and organs including GI system. In this study, we investigated whether the alteration of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) metabolism, previously described in human HD brains and animal models, is also detectable peripherally in R6/2 HD mice. Our findings indicate, for the first time, that sphingolipid metabolism is perturbed early in the disease in the intestinal tract of HD mice and, its modulation by K6PC-5, a selective activator of S1P synthesis, preserved intestinal integrity and homeostasis. These results further support the evidence that modulation of sphingolipid pathways may represent a potential therapeutic option in HD and suggest that it has also the potential to counteract the peripheral disturbances which may usually complicate the management of the disease and affect patient's quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G Pepe
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | - E Amico
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - L Del Vecchio
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Unità complessa di radiodiagnostica (U.O.C.) POS, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - S Giova
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - S K Jeong
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Seowon University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - B M Park
- NeoPharm USA Inc., Engelwood Cliffs, NJ, USA
| | - B D Park
- Dr. Raymond Laboratories, Inc, Englewood cliffs, NJ, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ceramide Synthase 5 Deficiency Aggravates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis and Colon Carcinogenesis and Impairs T-Cell Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071753. [PMID: 32630271 PMCID: PMC7409364 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide synthase 5 is one of six enzymes that catalyze the production of ceramides from sphingosine or sphinganine. Ceramides are important components of cell membranes and act as signaling molecules. Previously it has been shown that ceramide synthase 6 and 2 influence colitis in several animal models with sometimes opposite effects. Here, we investigated the disease course of dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis-associated colon cancer in mice with global ceramide synthase 5 knockout (CerS5-ko) or with ceramide synthase 5 knockout restricted to the colon epithelium (CerS5fl/fl VilCre). We monitored disease development and analyzed colon barrier function as well as the immune cell status in these mice. CerS5-ko mice but not CerS5fl/fl-VilCre mice were more susceptible to acute and chronic inflammation. However, the cell barrier function of colon epithelial cells was not disturbed by downregulation of ceramide synthase 5. Instead, untreated CerS5-ko mice displayed reduced numbers of CD3+ immune cells in the spleen, colon, and blood, especially of intraepithelial CD8+ T-cells, which was not obvious in CerS5fl/fl Vil Cre mice. Reduced T-cell number in colon tissue of CerS5-ko mice was accompanied by a reduced expression of IL-1β, IFNγ, and IL-4. In vitro investigations revealed that knockdown of ceramide synthase 5 in T-cells impaired T-cell activation. In summary, we show that CerS5-ko mice were more susceptible to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis-associated colon cancer. A reduced number of T-cells in the colon epithelium that was already the case in untreated CerS5-ko mice might have contributed to this effect.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Z, Zhou J, Li J, Lv W, Zou J, Fan L. A new insight into the intestine of Pacific white shrimp: Regulation of intestinal homeostasis and regeneration in Litopenaeus vannamei during temperature fluctuation. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 35:100687. [PMID: 32388341 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) is an essential aquaculture shrimp throughout the world, but its aquaculture industry is threatened by temperature fluctuation. In this study, our histological results indicated that the shrimp intestine has a self-repairing ability during temperature fluctuation; however the potential mechanisms were still unknown. Therefore, transcriptome profiles of the intestine were collected from shrimp at 28 °C (C28), 13 °C (T13) and 28 °C after their temperature rose back (R28) and were analyzed. A total of 2229 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (986 up- and 1243 downregulated) were identified in the C28 group, and 1790 DEGs (933 up- and 857 downregulated) were identified in the R28 group when compared to their expression levels in the T13 group. According to the functional annotation using KEGG, we found that the immune system was the most enriched section of organismal systems and that the shrimp can mobilize the body's immune response to regulate organism homeostasis during temperature fluctuation, although cold stress decreased the immunity. Additionally, metabolic inhibition is a strategy to cope with cold stress, and the regulation of lipid metabolism was especially important for shrimp during temperature fluctuation. Remarkably, the Hippo signaling pathway might help the repair of intestinal structure. Our research provides the first histological analysis and transcriptome profiling for the L. vannamei intestine during the temperature fluctuation stage. These results enrich our understanding of the mechanism of intestinal self-repair and homeostasis and could provide guidance for shrimp farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlu Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Junyi Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Wei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Lanfen Fan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang M, Zhang F, Yang C, Wang L, Sung J, Garg P, Zhang M, Merlin D. Oral Targeted Delivery by Nanoparticles Enhances Efficacy of an Hsp90 Inhibitor by Reducing Systemic Exposure in Murine Models of Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:130-141. [PMID: 31168612 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heat shock protein 90 [Hsp90]-targeted therapy has been proposed as a promising strategy for the treatment of ulcerative colitis [UC] and colitis-associated cancer [CAC]. Systemic administration of the Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-AAG, was found to be profoundly protective in preclinical mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However, the therapeutic potential of 17-AAG is limited by potential side effects associated with its systemic exposure and the modest bioavailability afforded by its oral administration. METHODS To address these issues, we used a versatile single-step surface-functionalizing technique to prepare a 17-AAG oral delivery system using PLGA/PLA-PEG-FA nanoparticles [NP-PEG-FA/17-AAG]. RESULTS NP-PEG-FA could be efficiently taken up by mouse Colon-26 cells and activated Raw 264.7 cells in vitro and by inflamed mouse colitis tissues in vivo. The therapeutic efficacy of orally administrated NP-PEG-FA/17-AAG was evaluated in in vivo models using dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced UC and azoxymethane [AOM]/DSS-induced CAC, and the results indicated that NP-PEG-FA/17-AAG significantly alleviated the symptoms of UC and CAC. More importantly, our inflamed colitis-targeted 17-AAG nano-formulation reduced systemic exposure and provided a degree of therapeutic response similar to that obtained by systemic administration [intraperitoneal] of 17-AAG, but at a ten-fold lower dose. CONCLUSIONS We describe a convenient, orally administrated 17-AAG delivery system that exhibits enhanced efficacy in UC and CAC therapy while reducing systemic exposure. This system may represent a promising therapeutic approach for treating UC and CAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Junsik Sung
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pallavi Garg
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100992. [PMID: 31442523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The Lipid Status in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Sphingolipids are Disease-Dependent Regulated. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8070971. [PMID: 31277430 PMCID: PMC6678307 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors that contribute to the development of ulcerative colitis (UC), are still not fully identified. Disruption of the colon barrier is one of the first events leading to invasion of bacteria and activation of the immune system. The colon barrier is strongly influenced by sphingolipids. Sphingolipids impact cell-cell contacts and function as second messengers. We collected blood and colon tissue samples from UC patients and healthy controls and investigated the sphingolipids and other lipids by LC-MS/MS or LC-QTOFMS. The expression of enzymes of the sphingolipid pathway were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. In inflamed colon tissue, the de novo-synthesis of sphingolipids is reduced, whereas lactosylceramides are increased. Reduction of dihydroceramides was due to posttranslational inhibition rather than altered serine palmitoyl transferase or ceramide synthase expression in inflamed colon tissue. Furthermore, in human plasma from UC-patients, several sphinglipids change significantly in comparison to healthy controls. Beside sphingolipids free fatty acids, lysophosphatidylcholines and triglycerides changed significantly in the blood of colitis patients dependent on the disease severity. Our data indicate that detraction of the sphingolipid de novo synthesis in colon tissue might be an important trigger for UC. Several lipids changed significantly in the blood, which might be used as biomarkers for disease control; however, diet-related variabilities need to be considered.
Collapse
|
23
|
Meiners J, Palmieri V, Klopfleisch R, Ebel JF, Japtok L, Schumacher F, Yusuf AM, Becker KA, Zöller J, Hose M, Kleuser B, Hermann DM, Kolesnick RN, Buer J, Hansen W, Westendorf AM. Intestinal Acid Sphingomyelinase Protects From Severe Pathogen-Driven Colitis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1386. [PMID: 31275322 PMCID: PMC6594205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are emerging as a global problem with increased evidence and prevalence in numerous countries. A dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism occurs in patients with ulcerative colitis and is discussed to contribute to its pathogenesis. In the present study, we determined the impact of acid sphingomyelinase (Asm), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide, on the course of Citrobacter (C.) rodentium-driven colitis. C. rodentium is an enteric pathogen and induces colonic inflammation very similar to the pathology in patients with ulcerative colitis. We found that mice with Asm deficiency or Asm inhibition were strongly susceptible to C. rodentium infection. These mice showed increased levels of C. rodentium in the feces and were prone to bacterial spreading to the systemic organs. In addition, mice lacking Asm activity showed an uncontrolled inflammatory Th1 and Th17 response, which was accompanied by a stronger colonic pathology compared to infected wild type mice. These findings identified Asm as an essential regulator of mucosal immunity to the enteric pathogen C. rodentium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Meiners
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vittoria Palmieri
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana-Fabienne Ebel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lukasz Japtok
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ayan Mohamud Yusuf
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katrin A Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Zöller
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Hose
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Richard N Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jan Buer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:160-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
25
|
Magaye RR, Savira F, Hua Y, Kelly DJ, Reid C, Flynn B, Liew D, Wang BH. The role of dihydrosphingolipids in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1107-1134. [PMID: 30523364 PMCID: PMC11105797 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrosphingolipids refer to sphingolipids early in the biosynthetic pathway that do not contain a C4-trans-double bond in the sphingoid backbone: 3-ketosphinganine (3-ketoSph), dihydrosphingosine (dhSph), dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate (dhS1P) and dihydroceramide (dhCer). Recent advances in research related to sphingolipid biochemistry have shed light on the importance of sphingolipids in terms of cellular signalling in health and disease. However, dihydrosphingolipids have received less attention and research is lacking especially in terms of their molecular mechanisms of action. This is despite studies implicating them in the pathophysiology of disease, for example dhCer in predicting type 2 diabetes in obese individuals, dhS1P in cardiovascular diseases and dhSph in hepato-renal toxicity. This review gives a comprehensive summary of research in the last 10-15 years on the dihydrosphingolipids, 3-ketoSph, dhSph, dhS1P and dhCer, and their relevant roles in different diseases. It also highlights gaps in research that could be of future interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R Magaye
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feby Savira
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yue Hua
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Darren J Kelly
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Reid
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bernard Flynn
- Australian Translational Medicinal Chemistry Facility, Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing H Wang
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kurz J, Barthelmes J, Blum L, Ulshöfer T, Wegner MS, Ferreirós N, Roser L, Geisslinger G, Grösch S, Schiffmann S. Role of ceramide synthase 2 in G-CSF signaling and G-CSF-R translocation into detergent-resistant membranes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:747. [PMID: 30679689 PMCID: PMC6345911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are sphingolipids with defined acyl chain lengths, which are produced by corresponding ceramide synthases (CerS1-6). In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), the ablation of CerS2 suppresses EAE-pathology by reducing neutrophil migration into the central nervous system. This migration is induced by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) signaling. G-CSF signaling leads to a signal cascade including the phosphorylation of Lyn kinase and STAT3. This in turn regulates expression of the neutrophil surface receptor chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) and causes translocation of the receptor into detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs). In this study we investigated the role of ceramides in G-CSF signaling. We found, that G-CSF treatment of wild type bone marrow cells (BMCs) leads to translocation of G-CSF-receptor (G-CSF-R) into DRMs. G-CSF also induces downregulation of ceramides in WT and CerS2 null BMCs, as well as upregulation of very long chain lactosylceramides. However, in CerS2 null BMCs, G-CSF failed to induce translocation of G-CSF-R into DRMs, leading to reduced phosphorylation of Lyn and reduced CXCR2 expression. Interestingly, G-CSF signaling in CerS6 null BMCs was not affected. In conclusion, very long chain ceramides are important for G-CSF signaling and translocation of G-CSF-R into DRMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kurz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Barthelmes
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Leonard Blum
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulshöfer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Luise Roser
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kurz J, Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G, Schiffmann S. Ceramides as Novel Disease Biomarkers. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:20-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
28
|
Albeituni S, Stiban J. Roles of Ceramides and Other Sphingolipids in Immune Cell Function and Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1161:169-191. [PMID: 31562630 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are bioactive sphingolipids that support the structure of the plasma membrane and mediate numerous cell-signaling events in eukaryotic cells. The finding that ceramides act as second messengers transducing cellular signals has attracted substantial attention in several fields of Biology. Since all cells contain lipid plasma membranes, the impact of various ceramides, ceramide synthases, ceramide metabolites, and other sphingolipids has been implicated in a vast range of cellular functions including, migration, proliferation, response to external stimuli, and death. The roles of lipids in these functions widely differ among the diverse cell types. Herein, we discuss the roles of ceramides and other sphingolipids in mediating the function of various immune cells; particularly dendritic cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. In addition, we highlight the main studies describing effects of ceramides in inflammation, specifically in various inflammatory settings including insulin resistance, graft-versus-host disease, immune suppression in cancer, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin Albeituni
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Johnny Stiban
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Glucosylceramide acyl chain length is sensed by the glycolipid transfer protein. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209230. [PMID: 30550553 PMCID: PMC6294359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycolipid transfer protein, GLTP, can be found in the cytoplasm, and it has a FFAT-like motif (two phenylalanines in an acidic tract) that targets it to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We have previously shown that GLTP can bind to a transmembrane ER protein, vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A (VAP-A), which is involved in a wide range of ER functions. We have addressed the mechanisms that might regulate the association between GLTP and the VAP proteins by studying the capacity of GLTP to recognize different N-linked acyl chain species of glucosylceramide. We used surface plasmon resonance and a lipid transfer competition assay to show that GLTP prefers shorter N-linked fully saturated acyl chain glucosylceramides, such as C8, C12, and C16, whereas long C18, C20, and C24-glucosylceramides are all bound more weakly and transported more slowly than their shorter counterparts. Changes in the intrinsic GLTP tryptophan fluorescence blueshifts, also indicate a break-point between C16- and C18-glucosylceramide in the GLTP sensing ability. It has long been postulated that GLTP would be a sensor in the sphingolipid synthesis machinery, but how this mechanistically occurs has not been addressed before. It is unclear what proteins the GLTP VAP association would influence. Here we found that if GLTP has a bound GlcCer the association with VAP-A is weaker. We have also used a formula for identifying putative FFAT-domains, and we identified several potential VAP-interactors within the ceramide and sphingolipid synthesis pathways that could be candidates for regulation by GLTP.
Collapse
|
30
|
Brachtendorf S, Wanger RA, Birod K, Thomas D, Trautmann S, Wegner MS, Fuhrmann DC, Brüne B, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. Chemosensitivity of human colon cancer cells is influenced by a p53-dependent enhancement of ceramide synthase 5 and induction of autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1214-1227. [PMID: 30059758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Resistance against chemotherapy is a life-threatening complication in colon cancer therapy. To increase response rate, new additional targets that contribute to chemoresistance are still needed to be explored. Ceramides, which belong to the group of sphingolipids, are well-known regulators of cell death and survival, respectively. Here, we show that in human wild-type (wt) p53 HCT-116 colon cancer cells treatment with oxaliplatin or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) leads to a strong increase in ceramide synthase 5 (CerS5) expression and C16:0-ceramide levels, which was not shown in HCT-116 lacking p53 expression (HCT-116 p53-/-). The increase in CerS5 expression occurs by stabilizing CerS5 mRNA at the 3'-UTR. By contrast, in the p53-deficient cells CerS2 expression and CerS2-related C24:0- and C24:1-ceramide levels were elevated which is possibly related to enhanced polyadenylation of the CerS2 transcript in these cells. Stable knockdown of CerS5 expression using CerS5-targeting shRNA led to an increased sensitivity of HCT-116 p53wt cells, but not of p53-/- cells, to oxaliplatin and 5-FU. Enhanced sensitivity was accompanied by an inhibition of autophagy and inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in these cells. However, knockdown of CerS2 had no significant effects on chemosensitivity of both cell lines. In conclusion, in p53wt colon cancer cells chemosensitivity against oxaliplatin or 5-FU could be enhanced by downregulation of CerS5 expression leading to reduced autophagy and mitochondrial respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruth Anna Wanger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Birod
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rusconi B, Jiang X, Sidhu R, Ory DS, Warner BB, Tarr PI. Gut Sphingolipid Composition as a Prelude to Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10984. [PMID: 30030452 PMCID: PMC6054655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a major challenge in neonatology. Little is known about NEC pathophysiology apart from the presence of pre-event gut dysbiosis. Here, we applied broad range metabolomics to stools obtained 1-5 days before NEC developed from 9 cases (9 samples) and 19 (32 samples) controls matched for gestational age at birth and birth weight. The 764 identified metabolites identified six pathways that differ between cases and controls. We pursued sphingolipid metabolism because cases had decreased ceramides and increased sphingomyelins compared to controls, and because of the relevance of sphingolipids to human inflammatory disorders. Targeted analysis of samples from 23 cases and 46 controls confirmed the initial broad range observations. While metabolites provided only 73% accuracy of classification by machine learning, hierarchical clustering defined a sphingolipid associated grouping that contained 60% of the cases but only 13% of the controls, possibly identifying a pathophysiologically distinct subset of NEC. The clustering did not associate with any of the analyzed clinical and sample variables. We conclude that there are significant changes in sphingolipid metabolism components in pre-NEC stools compared to controls, but our data urge circumspection before using sphingolipids as broadly applicable predictive biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Rusconi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - R Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D S Ory
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - B B Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - P I Tarr
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Suzuki S, Tanaka A, Nakamura H, Murayama T. Knockout of Ceramide Kinase Aggravates Pathological and Lethal Responses in Mice with Experimental Colitis. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:797-805. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Ai Tanaka
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
This review provides an overview on components of the sphingolipid superfamily, on their localization and metabolism. Information about the sphingolipid biological activity in cell physiopathology is given. Recent studies highlight the role of sphingolipids in inflammatory process. We summarize the emerging data that support the different roles of the sphingolipid members in specific phases of inflammation: (1) migration of immune cells, (2) recognition of exogenous agents, and (3) activation/differentiation of immune cells.
Collapse
|
34
|
Helke K, Angel P, Lu P, Garrett-Mayer E, Ogretmen B, Drake R, Voelkel-Johnson C. Ceramide Synthase 6 Deficiency Enhances Inflammation in the DSS model of Colitis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1627. [PMID: 29374263 PMCID: PMC5786068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colitis, an inflammatory disease of the digestive tract, is increasing in incidence and prevalence. Intestinal inflammation can occur as a consequence of dysfunctions in sphingolipid metabolism. In this study we used ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) deficient mice, which have a reduced ability to generate long chain C16-ceramide, to investigate the role of this enzyme in dextran sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis. While CerS6-deficient mice are protected from T cell mediated colitis, in the T cell independent DSS model lack of CerS6 resulted in a more rapid onset of disease symptoms. CerS6-deficient mice maintained low levels of C16-ceramide after DSS treatment, but the inflammatory lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate was significantly increased in colon tissue. In the absence of CerS6, DSS induced more severe pathology in the colon including enhanced neutrophil infiltration. In vivo analysis of myeloperoxidase activity, an enzyme released from neutrophils, was approximately 2.5-fold higher in CerS6-deficient mice compared to wild type. Differences in intestinal permeability did not account for the increase in neutrophils. Our study suggests that lack of CerS6 expression differentially impacts the development of colitis, depending on the model used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Helke
- Departments of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Peggi Angel
- Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ping Lu
- Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Besim Ogretmen
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Richard Drake
- Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Beyond Immune Cell Migration: The Emerging Role of the Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor S1PR4 as a Modulator of Innate Immune Cell Activation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6059203. [PMID: 28848247 PMCID: PMC5564090 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6059203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) emerges as an important regulator of immunity, mainly by signaling through a family of five specific G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1–5). While S1P signaling generally has the potential to affect not only trafficking but also differentiation, activation, and survival of a diverse range of immune cells, the specific outcome depends on the S1P receptor repertoire expressed on a given cell. Among the S1PRs, S1PR4 is specifically abundant in immune cells, suggesting a major role of the S1P/S1PR4 axis in immunity. Recent studies indeed highlight its role in activation of immune cells, differentiation, and, potentially, trafficking. In this review, we summarize the emerging data that support a major role of S1PR4 in modulating immunity in humans and mice and discuss therapeutic implications.
Collapse
|