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Gereau GB, Torruella-Suárez ML, Sizer SE, Xia M, Zhou D, Wykoff LA, Teklezghi AT, Alvarez-Pamir A, Boyt KM, Kash TL, McElligott ZA. GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons differentially modulates ethanol consumption in male and female mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1151-1161. [PMID: 38418568 PMCID: PMC11109172 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The central nucleus of the amygdala is known to play key roles in alcohol use and affect. Neurotensin neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala have been shown to regulate alcohol drinking in male mice. However, little is known about which neurotransmitters released by these cells drive alcohol consumption or whether these cells drive alcohol consumption in female mice. Here we show that knockdown of GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons using a Nts-cre-dependent vGAT-shRNA-based AAV strategy reduces alcohol drinking in male, but not female, mice. This manipulation did not impact avoidance behavior, except in a fasted novelty-suppressed feeding test, in which vGAT shRNA mice demonstrated increased latency to feed on a familiar high-value food reward, an effect driven by male mice. In contrast, vGAT shRNA female mice showed heightened sensitivity to thermal stimulation. These data show a role for GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons in modulating consumption of rewarding substances in different motivational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graydon B Gereau
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - María L Torruella-Suárez
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Sizer
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mengfan Xia
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Diana Zhou
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luke A Wykoff
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adonay T Teklezghi
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ali Alvarez-Pamir
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristen M Boyt
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zoé A McElligott
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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2
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Scheper M, Sørensen FNF, Ruffolo G, Gaeta A, Lissner LJ, Anink JJ, Korshunova I, Jansen FE, Riney K, van Hecke W, Mühlebner A, Khodosevich K, Schubert D, Palma E, Mills JD, Aronica E. Impaired GABAergic regulation and developmental immaturity in interneurons derived from the medial ganglionic eminence in the tuberous sclerosis complex. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:80. [PMID: 38714540 PMCID: PMC11076412 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
GABAergic interneurons play a critical role in maintaining neural circuit balance, excitation-inhibition regulation, and cognitive function modulation. In tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), GABAergic neuron dysfunction contributes to disrupted network activity and associated neurological symptoms, assumingly in a cell type-specific manner. This GABAergic centric study focuses on identifying specific interneuron subpopulations within TSC, emphasizing the unique characteristics of medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)- and caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE)-derived interneurons. Using single-nuclei RNA sequencing in TSC patient material, we identify somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons as a unique and immature subpopulation in TSC. The disrupted maturation of SST+ interneurons may undergo an incomplete switch from excitatory to inhibitory GABAergic signaling during development, resulting in reduced inhibitory properties. Notably, this study reveals markers of immaturity specifically in SST+ interneurons, including an abnormal NKCC1/KCC2 ratio, indicating an imbalance in chloride homeostasis crucial for the postsynaptic consequences of GABAergic signaling as well as the downregulation of GABAA receptor subunits, GABRA1, and upregulation of GABRA2. Further exploration of SST+ interneurons revealed altered localization patterns of SST+ interneurons in TSC brain tissue, concentrated in deeper cortical layers, possibly linked to cortical dyslamination. In the epilepsy context, our research underscores the diverse cell type-specific roles of GABAergic interneurons in shaping seizures, advocating for precise therapeutic considerations. Moreover, this study illuminates the potential contribution of SST+ interneurons to TSC pathophysiology, offering insights for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Scheper
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Frederik N F Sørensen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gabriele Ruffolo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gaeta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Lilian J Lissner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Jasper J Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Korshunova
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Floor E Jansen
- Department of Child Neurology, Brain Center University Medical Center, Member of ERN EpiCare, 3584 BA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Riney
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia
- Neurosciences Unit, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
| | - Wim van Hecke
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelika Mühlebner
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Khodosevich
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dirk Schubert
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Palma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - James D Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
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3
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Di Stefano D, Suganthan H, Buck L. Alfaxalone does not have long-term effects on goldfish pyramidal neuron action potential properties or GABA A receptor currents. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:555-573. [PMID: 38342633 PMCID: PMC10988724 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Anesthetics have varying physiological effects, but most notably alter ion channel kinetics. Alfaxalone is a rapid induction and washout neuroactive anesthetic, which potentiates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-activated GABAA receptor (GABAA-R) currents. This study aims to identify any long-term effects of alfaxalone sedation on pyramidal neuron action potential and GABAA-R properties, to determine if its impact on neuronal function can be reversed in a sufficiently short timeframe to allow for same-day electrophysiological studies in goldfish brain. The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is an anoxia-tolerant vertebrate and is a useful model to study anoxia tolerance mechanisms. The results show that alfaxalone sedation did not significantly impact action potential properties. Additionally, the acute application of alfaxalone onto naive brain slices caused the potentiation of whole-cell GABAA-R current decay time and area under the curve. Following whole-animal sedation with alfaxalone, a 3-h wash of brain slices in alfaxalone-free saline, with saline exchanged every 30 min, was required to remove any potentiating impact of alfaxalone on GABAA-R whole-cell currents. These results demonstrate that alfaxalone is an effective anesthetic for same-day electrophysiological experiments with goldfish brain slices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haushe Suganthan
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoCanada
| | - Leslie Buck
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoCanada
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoCanada
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4
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Uusi-Oukari M, Korpi ER. GABAergic mechanisms in alcohol dependence. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 175:75-123. [PMID: 38555121 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The target of alcohol's effect on the central nervous system has been sought for more than 50 years in the brain's GABA system. The behavioral and emotional effects of alcohol in humans and rodents are very similar to those of barbiturates and benzodiazepines, and GABAA receptors have been shown to be one of the sites of alcohol action. The mechanisms of GABAergic inhibition have been a hotspot of research but have turned out to be complex and controversial. Genetics support the involvement of some GABAA receptor subunits in the development of alcohol dependence and in alcohol use disorders (AUD). Since the effect of alcohol on the GABAA system resembles that of a GABAergic positive modulator, it may be possible to develop GABAergic drug treatments that could substitute for alcohol. The adaptation mechanisms of the GABA system and the plasticity of the brain are a big challenge for drug development: the drugs that act on GABAA receptors developed so far also may cause adaptation and development of additional addiction. Human polymorphisms should be studied further to get insight about how they affect receptor function, expression or other factors to make reasonable predictions/hypotheses about what non-addictive interventions would help in alcohol dependence and AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Uusi-Oukari
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Esa R Korpi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Khodaie B, Edelmann E, Leßmann V. Distinct GABAergic modulation of timing-dependent LTP in CA1 pyramidal neurons along the longitudinal axis of the mouse hippocampus. iScience 2024; 27:109320. [PMID: 38487018 PMCID: PMC10937841 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus underlies episodic memory formation, with dorsal hippocampus being instrumental for spatial memory whereas ventral hippocampus is crucial for emotional learning. Here, we studied how GABAergic inhibition regulates physiologically relevant low repeat spike timing-dependent LTP (t-LTP) at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses along the dorsoventral hippocampal axis. We used two t-LTP protocols relying on only 6 repeats of paired spike-firing in pre- and postsynaptic cells within 10 s that differ in postsynaptic firing patterns. GABAA receptor mechanisms played a greater role in blocking 6× 1:1 t-LTP that recruits single postsynaptic action potentials. 6× 1:4 t-LTP that depends on postsynaptic burst-firing unexpectedly required intact GABAB receptor signaling. The magnitude of both t-LTP-forms decreased along the dorsoventral axis, despite increasing excitability and basal synaptic strength in this direction. This suggests that GABAergic inhibition contributes to the distinct roles of dorsal and ventral hippocampus in memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Khodaie
- Institut für Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität (OVGU), Medizinische Fakultät, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- OVGU International ESF-funded Graduate School ABINEP, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elke Edelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität (OVGU), Medizinische Fakultät, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- OVGU International ESF-funded Graduate School ABINEP, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Leßmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität (OVGU), Medizinische Fakultät, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- OVGU International ESF-funded Graduate School ABINEP, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- DZPG (German Center of Mental Health), partner site Halle/Jena/Magdeburg (CIRC), Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Ozoe Y, Nakao T, Kondo S, Yoshioka Y, Ozoe F, Banba S. Knock-in mutagenesis in Drosophila Rdl underscores the critical role of the conserved M3 glycine in mediating the actions of broflanilide and isocycloseram on GABA receptors. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105776. [PMID: 38458683 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid receptors (GABARs) are crucial targets for pest control chemicals, including meta-diamide and isoxazoline insecticides, which act as negative allosteric modulators of insect GABARs. Previous cell-based assays have indicated that amino acid residues in the transmembrane cavity between adjacent subunits of Drosophila RDL GABAR (i.e., Ile276, Leu280, and Gly335) are involved in mediating the action of meta-diamides. In this study, to confirm this result at the organismal level, we employed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, generated six transgenic Drosophila strains carrying substitutions in these amino acid residues, and investigated their sensitivity to broflanilide and isocycloseram. Flies homozygous for the I276F mutation did not exhibit any change in sensitivity to the tested insecticides compared to the control flies. Conversely, I276C homozygosity was lethal, and heterozygous flies exhibited ∼2-fold lower sensitivity to broflanilide than the control flies. Flies homozygous for the L280C mutation survived into adulthood but exhibited infertility. Both heterozygous and homozygous L280C flies exhibited ∼3- and ∼20-fold lower sensitivities to broflanilide and isocycloseram, respectively, than the control flies. The reduction in sensitivity to isocycloseram in L280C flies diminished to ∼3-fold when treated with piperonyl butoxide. Flies homozygous for the G335A mutation reached the adult stage. However, they were sterile, had small bodies, and exhibited reduced locomotion, indicating the critical role of Gly335 in RDL function. These flies exhibited markedly increased tolerance to topically applied broflanilide and isocycloseram, demonstrating that the conserved Gly335 is the target of the insecticidal actions of broflanilide and isocycloseram. Considering the significant fitness costs, the Gly335 mutation may not pose a serious risk for the development of resistance in field populations of insect pests. However, more careful studies using insect pests are needed to investigate whether our perspective applies to resistance development under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Ozoe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan; Interdisciplinary Institute for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Nakao
- Agrochemicals Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals Crop and Life Solutions, Inc, Mobara, Chiba 297-0017, Japan
| | - Shu Kondo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; Invertebrate Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yoshioka
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Ozoe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan; Interdisciplinary Institute for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Shinichi Banba
- Agrochemicals Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals Crop and Life Solutions, Inc, Mobara, Chiba 297-0017, Japan.
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Menzikov SA, Zaichenko DM, Moskovtsev AA, Morozov SG, Kubatiev AA. Phenols and GABA A receptors: from structure and molecular mechanisms action to neuropsychiatric sequelae. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1272534. [PMID: 38303988 PMCID: PMC10831359 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1272534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) are members of the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) family, which are widespread throughout the invertebrate and vertebrate central nervous system. GABAARs are engaged in short-term changes of the neuronal concentrations of chloride (Cl-) and bicarbonate (HCO3 -) ions by their passive permeability through the ion channel pore. GABAARs are regulated by various structurally diverse phenolic substances ranging from simple phenols to complex polyphenols. The wide chemical and structural variability of phenols suggest similar and different binding sites on GABAARs, allowing them to manifest themselves as activators, inhibitors, or allosteric ligands of GABAAR function. Interest in phenols is associated with their great potential for GABAAR modulation, but also with their subsequent negative or positive role in neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review focuses on the GABAergic deficit hypotheses during neurological and psychiatric disorders induced by various phenols. We summarize the structure-activity relationship of general phenol groups concerning their differential roles in the manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. We describe and analyze the role of GABAAR subunits in manifesting various neuropathologies and the molecular mechanisms underlying their modulation by phenols. Finally, we discuss how phenol drugs can modulate GABAAR activity via desensitization and resensitization. We also demonstrate a novel pharmacological approach to treat neuropsychiatric disorders via regulation of receptor phosphorylation/dephosphorylation.
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8
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Gereau GB, Torruella-Suárez ML, Sizer SE, Xia M, Zhou D, Wykoff LA, Teklezghi AT, Alvarez-Pamir A, Boyt KM, Kash TL, McElligott ZA. GABA Release From Central Amygdala Neurotensin Neurons Differentially Modulates Reward and Consummatory Behavior in Male and Female Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557768. [PMID: 37745547 PMCID: PMC10515895 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The central nucleus of the amygdala is known to play key roles in alcohol use and affect. Neurotensin neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala have been shown to regulate alcohol drinking in male mice. However, little is known about which neurotransmitters released by these cells drive alcohol consumption or whether these cells drive alcohol consumption in female mice. Here we show that knockdown of GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons using a Nts-cre-dependent vGAT-shRNA-based AAV strategy reduces alcohol drinking in male, but not female, mice. This manipulation did not impact avoidance behavior, except in a fasted novelty-suppressed feeding test, in which vGAT shRNA mice demonstrated increased latency to feed on a familiar high-value food reward, an effect driven by male mice. In contrast, vGAT shRNA female mice showed heightened sensitivity to thermal stimulation. These data show a role for GABA release from central amygdala neurotensin neurons in modulating consumption of rewarding substances in different motivational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graydon B Gereau
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - María L Torruella-Suárez
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Sarah E Sizer
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mengfan Xia
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Diana Zhou
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Luke A Wykoff
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Adonay T Teklezghi
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Ali Alvarez-Pamir
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kristen M Boyt
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Zoé A McElligott
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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9
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Ding Y, Peng YY, Li S, Tang C, Gao J, Wang HY, Long ZY, Lu XM, Wang YT. Single-Cell Sequencing Technology and Its Application in the Study of Central Nervous System Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01207-3. [PMID: 38133792 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian central nervous system consists of a large number of cells, which contain not only different types of neurons, but also a large number of glial cells, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. These cells are capable of performing highly refined electrophysiological activities and providing the brain with functions such as nutritional support, information transmission and pathogen defense. The diversity of cell types and individual differences between cells have brought inspiration to the study of the mechanism of central nervous system diseases. In order to explore the role of different cells, a new technology, single-cell sequencing technology has emerged to perform specific analysis of high-throughput cell populations, and has been continuously developed. Single-cell sequencing technology can accurately analyze single-cell expression in mixed-cell populations and collect cells from different spatial locations, time stages and types. By using single-cell sequencing technology to compare gene expression profiles of normal and diseased cells, it is possible to discover cell subsets associated with specific diseases and their associated genes. Therefore, scientists can understand the development process, related functions and disease state of the nervous system from an unprecedented depth. In conclusion, single-cell sequencing technology provides a powerful technology for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu-Yuan Peng
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Can Tang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiu-Min Lu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
| | - Yong-Tang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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10
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Bird CW, Mayfield SS, Lopez KM, Dunn BR, Feng A, Roberts BT, Almeida RN, Chavez GJ, Valenzuela CF. Binge-like ethanol exposure during the brain growth spurt disrupts the function of retrosplenial cortex-projecting anterior thalamic neurons in adolescent mice. Neuropharmacology 2023; 241:109738. [PMID: 37778437 PMCID: PMC10842955 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) exposure during late pregnancy leads to enduring impairments in learning and memory that may stem from damage to components of the posterior limbic memory system, including the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN). In rodents, binge-like EtOH exposure during the first week of life (equivalent to the third trimester of human pregnancy) triggers apoptosis in these brain regions. We hypothesized that this effect induces long-lasting alterations in the function of RSC-projecting ATN neurons. To test this hypothesis, vesicular GABA transporter-Venus mice (expressing fluorescently tagged GABAergic interneurons) were subjected to binge-like EtOH vapor exposure on postnatal day (P) 7. This paradigm activated caspase 3 in the anterodorsal (AD), anteroventral (AV), and reticular thalamic nuclei at P7 but did not reduce neuronal density in these areas at P60-70. At P40-60, we injected red retrobeads into the RSC and performed patch-clamp slice electrophysiological recordings from retrogradely labeled neurons in the AD and AV nuclei 3-4 days later. We found significant effects of treatment on instantaneous action potential (AP) frequency and AP overshoot, as well as sex × treatment interactions for AP threshold and overshoot in AD neurons. A sex × treatment interaction was detected for AP number in AV neurons. EtOH exposure also reduced the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and increased the charge transfer of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents. These results highlight a novel cellular mechanism that could contribute to the lasting learning and memory deficits associated with developmental EtOH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark W Bird
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Stefanie S Mayfield
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Katalina M Lopez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Brooke R Dunn
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Angela Feng
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Bryce T Roberts
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Roberto N Almeida
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Glenna J Chavez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - C Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
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Yasir M, Park J, Lee Y, Han ET, Park WS, Han JH, Kwon YS, Lee HJ, Chun W. Discovery of GABA Aminotransferase Inhibitors via Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and Biological Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16990. [PMID: 38069313 PMCID: PMC10707509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that degrades γ-aminobutyric (GABA) in the brain. GABA is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays important neurological roles in the brain. Therefore, GABA-AT is an important drug target that regulates GABA levels. Novel and potent drug development to inhibit GABA-AT is still a very challenging task. In this study, we aimed to devise novel and potent inhibitors against GABA-AT using computer-aided drug design (CADD) tools. Since the crystal structure of human GABA-AT was not yet available, we utilized a homologous structure derived from our previously published paper. To identify highly potent compounds relative to vigabatrin, an FDA-approved drug against human GABA-AT, we developed a pharmacophore analysis protocol for 530,000 Korea Chemical Bank (KCB) compounds and selected the top 50 compounds for further screening. Preliminary biological analysis was carried out for these 50 compounds and 16 compounds were further assessed. Subsequently, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and binding free energy calculations were carried out. In the results, four predicted compounds, A07, B07, D08, and H08, were found to be highly potent and were further evaluated by a biological activity assay to confirm the results of the GABA-AT activity inhibition assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Yuno Lee
- Drug Information Platform Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.-T.H.); (J.-H.H.)
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.-T.H.); (J.-H.H.)
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.); (H.-J.L.)
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12
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Zhang L, Shi W, Liu J, Chen K, Zhang G, Zhang S, Cong B, Li Y. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Regulates GABAA Receptors in the Dorsomedial Hypothalamus Nucleus (DMH) through Activation of the JAK/STAT Pathway to Affect Heart Rate Variability in Stressed Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12985. [PMID: 37629166 PMCID: PMC10455568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The dorsomedial hypothalamus nucleus (DMH) is an important component of the autonomic nervous system and plays a critical role in regulating the sympathetic outputs of the heart. Stress alters the neuronal activity of the DMH, affecting sympathetic outputs and triggering heart rate variability. However, the specific molecular mechanisms behind stress leading to abnormal DMH neuronal activity have still not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we successfully constructed a stressed rat model and used it to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms by which IL-6 regulates GABAA receptors in the DMH through activation of the JAK/STAT pathway and thus affects heart rate variability in rats. By detecting the c-Fos expression of neurons in the DMH and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in rats, we clarified the relationship between abnormal DMH neuronal activity and heart rate variability in stressed rats. Then, using ELISA, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and RNAscope, we further explored the correlation between the IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling pathway and GABAA receptors. The data showed that an increase in IL-6 induced by stress inhibited GABAA receptors in DMH neurons by activating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, while specific inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway using AG490 obviously reduced DMH neuronal activity and improved heart rate variability in rats. These findings suggest that IL-6 regulates the expression of GABAA receptors via the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in the DMH, which may be an important cause of heart rate variability in stressed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Cong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; (L.Z.); (W.S.); (J.L.); (K.C.); (G.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yingmin Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; (L.Z.); (W.S.); (J.L.); (K.C.); (G.Z.); (S.Z.)
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13
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Hernando G, Turani O, Rodriguez Araujo N, Bouzat C. The diverse family of Cys-loop receptors in Caenorhabditis elegans: insights from electrophysiological studies. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:733-750. [PMID: 37681094 PMCID: PMC10480131 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cys-loop receptors integrate a large family of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast ionotropic responses in vertebrates and invertebrates. Their vital role in converting neurotransmitter recognition into an electrical impulse makes these receptors essential for a great variety of physiological processes. In vertebrates, the Cys-loop receptor family includes the cation-selective channels, nicotinic acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptors, and the anion-selective channels, GABAA and glycine receptors, whereas in invertebrates, the repertoire is significantly larger. The free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has the largest known Cys-loop receptor family as well as unique receptors that are absent in vertebrates and constitute attractive targets for anthelmintic drugs. Given the large number and variety of Cys-loop receptor subunits and the multiple possible ways of subunit assembly, C. elegans offers a large diversity of receptors although only a limited number of them have been characterized to date. C. elegans has emerged as a powerful model for the study of the nervous system and human diseases as well as a model for antiparasitic drug discovery. This nematode has also shown promise in the pharmaceutical industry search for new therapeutic compounds. C. elegans is therefore a powerful model organism to explore the biology and pharmacology of Cys-loop receptors and their potential as targets for novel therapeutic interventions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of what is known about the function of C. elegans Cys-loop receptors from an electrophysiological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Hernando
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ornella Turani
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Araujo
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Bouzat
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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14
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Altê GA, Rodrigues ALS. Exploring the Molecular Targets for the Antidepressant and Antisuicidal Effects of Ketamine Enantiomers by Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1013. [PMID: 37513925 PMCID: PMC10383558 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine, a racemic mixture of esketamine (S-ketamine) and arketamine (R-ketamine), has received particular attention for its rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects. NMDA receptor inhibition has been indicated as one of the main mechanisms of action of the racemic mixture, but other pharmacological targets have also been proposed. This study aimed to explore the possible multiple targets of ketamine enantiomers related to their antidepressant and antisuicidal effects. To this end, targets were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction software for each ketamine enantiomer. Targets related to depression and suicide were collected by the Gene Cards database. The intersections of targets were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Network pharmacology analysis was performed using Gene Mania and Cytoscape software. Molecular docking was used to predict the main targets of the network. The results indicated that esketamine and arketamine share some biological targets, particularly NMDA receptor and phosphodiesterases 3A, 7A, and 5A but have specific molecular targets. While esketamine is predicted to interact with the GABAergic system, arketamine may interact with macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Both ketamine enantiomers activate neuroplasticity-related signaling pathways and show addiction potential. Our results identified novel, poorly explored molecular targets that may be related to the beneficial effects of esketamine and arketamine against depression and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glorister A Altê
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88037-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88037-000, SC, Brazil
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Benny F, Kumar S, Binu A, Parambi DGT, Alsahli TG, Al-Sehemi AG, Chandran N, Manisha DS, Sreekumar S, Bhatt A, Madhu K, Mathew B. Targeting GABA receptors with chalcone derivative compounds, what is the evidence? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1257-1269. [PMID: 38112471 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2293752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In medicinal chemistry, privileged structures have been frequently exploited as a successful template for drug discovery. Common simple scaffolds like chalcone are present in a wide range of naturally occurring chemicals. Chalcone exhibits extensive biological activity and has drawn attention in this context due to its function in the GABA receptor. Epilepsy and GABA receptors are related. It is a chronic neurological condition that affects globally. AREAS COVERED Numerous neurological disorders, including anxiety and epilepsy, have been related to GABA, the brain's most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter. We go through the role of GABA receptors in anxiety and epilepsy in this review. The structure-activity relationship of chalcone and its derivatives on the GABA receptor is covered in our final section. EXPERT OPINION GABA is a potential therapeutic target for issues associated with the nervous system. We talk about the potential effects of chalcone as a treatment for epilepsy and anxiety on the GABA receptor. Therefore, thorough research is necessary in this regard; the value of in silico tools in developing and enhancing GABA agonists is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Aiswarya Binu
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jouf university, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq G Alsahli
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jouf university, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Namitha Chandran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Deepthi S Manisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Sarath Sreekumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Akanksha Bhatt
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Krishnadas Madhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
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16
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Amohashemi E, Reisi P, Alaei HA. Low Current Intensity Plus an Ineffective Dose of Morphine Affect Conditioning Place Preference Through Different Pathways in the Lateral Habenula. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:161. [PMID: 37564447 PMCID: PMC10410425 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_126_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The involvement of lateral habenula and the ineffective dose of morphine on reward-related learning and memory is less well-known. This study looked into the effects of electrical stimulation, GABAB receptor blockade, and a combination of both with morphine on conditioned place preference. Materials and Methods In this experiment, male rats were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine (six rats in each group). A 5-day biased conditioned place preference paradigm was used for the behavioral test. The effects of electrical stimulation and phaclofen plus a low dose of morphine on the acquisition and expression phases were examined during conditioning sessions and before the test phase, respectively. Results The conditioning scores were reduced by antagonist injection during the acquisition phase. Interestingly, different intensities exhibited opposite effects on the acquisition phase. Conditioned place preference scores during the acquisition phase were significantly induced by 25 μA electrical stimulation, while conditioning scores were suppressed by electrical stimulation at 150 μA. Phaclofen (2 μg/rat) combined with high intensity induced aversion during the acquisition phase, while inhibiting expression. In contrast, high intensity with phaclofen (1 μg/rat) inhibited only the acquisition session. However, low intensity during the acquisition phase had an additive effect that was prevented by pretreatment with phaclofen (2 μg/rat), but this response was modified by the antagonist's low dose. Conclusions A behavioral technique called conditioned place preference is frequently used to evaluate learning that is related to rewards. Therefore, lateral habenula electrical stimulation and phaclofen plus morphine could affect place preference through the involvement of the reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Amohashemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parham Reisi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Alaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Yasir M, Park J, Han ET, Park WS, Han JH, Kwon YS, Lee HJ, Chun W. Computational Exploration of the Effects of Mutations on GABA Aminotransferase in GABA Aminotransferase Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10933. [PMID: 37446113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase-also called GABA aminotransferase (GABA-AT)-deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a severe neonatal-infantile epileptic encephalopathy with symptoms such as seizures, hypotonia, hyperreflexia, developmental delay, and growth acceleration. GABA transaminase deficiency is caused by mutations in GABA-AT, the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of GABA. Mutations in multiple locations on GABA-AT have been reported and their locations have been shown to influence the onset of the disease and the severity of symptoms. We examined how GABA-AT mutations influence the structural stability of the enzyme and GABA-binding affinity using computational methodologies such as molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation to understand the underlying mechanism through which GABA-AT mutations cause GABA-AT deficiency. GABA-AT 3D model depiction was carried out together with seven individual mutated models of GABA-AT. The structural stability of all the predicted models was analyzed using several tools and web servers. All models were evaluated based on their phytochemical values. Additionally, 100 ns MD simulation was carried out and the mutated models were evaluated using RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and SASA. gmxMMPBSA free energy calculation was carried out. Moreover, RMSD and free energy calculations were also compared with those obtained using online web servers. Our study demonstrates that P152S, Q296H, and R92Q play a more critical role in the structural instability of GABA-AT compared with the other mutated models: G465R, L211F, L478P, and R220K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Voronin MV, Shangin SV, Litvinova SA, Abramova EV, Kurbanov RD, Rybina IV, Vakhitova YV, Seredenin SB. Pharmacological Analysis of GABA A Receptor and Sigma1R Chaperone Interaction: Research Report I-Investigation of the Anxiolytic, Anticonvulsant and Hypnotic Effects of Allosteric GABA A Receptors' Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119580. [PMID: 37298532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Two groups of facts have been established in previous drug development studies of the non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic fabomotizole. First, fabomotizole prevents stress-induced decrease in binding ability of the GABAA receptor's benzodiazepine site. Second, fabomotizole is a Sigma1R chaperone agonist, and exposure to Sigma1R antagonists blocks its anxiolytic effect. To prove our main hypothesis of Sigma1R involvement in GABAA receptor-dependent pharmacological effects, we performed a series of experiments on BALB/c and ICR mice using Sigma1R ligands to study anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepine tranquilizers diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) and phenazepam (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) in the elevated plus maze test, the anticonvulsant effects of diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) in the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model, and the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital (50 mg/kg i.p.). Sigma1R antagonists BD-1047 (1, 10, and 20 mg/kg i.p.), NE-100 (1 and 3 mg/kg i.p.), and Sigma1R agonist PRE-084 (1, 5, and 20 mg/kg i.p.) were used in the experiments. Sigma1R antagonists have been found to attenuate while Sigma1R agonists can enhance GABAARs-dependent pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Voronin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Shangin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Litvinova
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Abramova
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustam D Kurbanov
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna V Rybina
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V Vakhitova
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei B Seredenin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
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Williams SG, Rodriguez-Cué D. Use of Daridorexant among Patients with Chronic Insomnia: A Retrospective Observational Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093240. [PMID: 37176680 PMCID: PMC10179592 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder, affecting millions worldwide and taking a heavy toll on patient health with significant social and economic impact. Even though there are multiple different types of insomnia medications and behavioral therapies, there are still many individuals for whom treatment remains ineffective. The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the effectiveness of daridorexant in a cohort of chronic insomnia patients largely transitioned from GABA-A positive allosteric modulators (benzodiazepines, zolpidem or eszopiclone) or other frequently prescribed insomnia medications (including trazodone, atypical antipsychotics or tricyclic antidepressants). A total of 86 patients were treated in the course of ordinary practice and the primary analytic endpoint was the change in Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score following ≥ 30 nights of treatment with daridorexant. Results from 80 of the 86 patients with full data (65% female, mean age 53.5 years, 18.8% with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea, 91.3% transitioned from a different medication) showed a mean improvement in ISI score of 7.0 ± 0.54 points (SEM) (p < 0.0001) from 18.0 to 11.0. Overall, 78% of the cohort demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement as defined by at least a six-point drop in ISI. Total sleep time increased by 54 ± 1.0 min (SEM) (p < 0.0001) from 6.0 h to 6.9 h. Mean sleep latency decreased by 23.9 ± 2.4 min (SEM) (p < 0.0001) from 58.8 min to 34.9 min. Wake after sleep onset decreased by 31.6 ± 3.2 min (SEM) (p < 0.001) from 42.8 min to 11.3 min. Sleep efficiency improved by 10.5 ± 1.1% (SEM) (p < 0.0001) from 79.3% to 89.8%. No significant adverse events were noted during the study duration. Keeping in mind this study's limitations, these data suggest that for insomnia patients with an incomplete response to current therapy, switching to daridorexant is safe and may be an effective alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G Williams
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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Fogarty MJ. Inhibitory Synaptic Influences on Developmental Motor Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086962. [PMID: 37108127 PMCID: PMC10138861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, GABA and glycine play major trophic and synaptic roles in the establishment of the neuromotor system. In this review, we summarise the formation, function and maturation of GABAergic and glycinergic synapses within neuromotor circuits during development. We take special care to discuss the differences in limb and respiratory neuromotor control. We then investigate the influences that GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission has on two major developmental neuromotor disorders: Rett syndrome and spastic cerebral palsy. We present these two syndromes in order to contrast the approaches to disease mechanism and therapy. While both conditions have motor dysfunctions at their core, one condition Rett syndrome, despite having myriad symptoms, has scientists focused on the breathing abnormalities and their alleviation-to great clinical advances. By contrast, cerebral palsy remains a scientific quagmire or poor definitions, no widely adopted model and a lack of therapeutic focus. We conclude that the sheer abundance of diversity of inhibitory neurotransmitter targets should provide hope for intractable conditions, particularly those that exhibit broad spectra of dysfunction-such as spastic cerebral palsy and Rett syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Fogarty
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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Menzikov SA, Zaichenko DM, Moskovtsev AA, Morozov SG, Kubatiev AA. Zinc Inhibits the GABA AR/ATPase during Postnatal Rat Development: The Role of Cysteine Residue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032764. [PMID: 36769085 PMCID: PMC9917249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc ions (Zn2+) are concentrated in various brain regions and can act as a neuromodulator, targeting a wide spectrum of postsynaptic receptors and enzymes. Zn2+ inhibits the GABAARs, and its potency is profoundly affected by the subunit composition and neuronal developmental stage. Although the extracellular amino acid residues of the receptor's hetero-oligomeric structure are preferred for Zn2+ binding, there are intracellular sites that, in principle, could coordinate its potency. However, their role in modulating the receptor function during postembryonic development remains unclear. The GABAAR possesses an intracellular ATPase that enables the energy-dependent anion transport via a pore. Here, we propose a mechanistic and molecular basis for the inhibition of intracellular GABAAR/ATPase function by Zn2+ in neonatal and adult rats. The enzymes within the scope of GABAAR performance as Cl-ATPase and then as Cl-, HCO3-ATPase form during the first week of postnatal rat development. In addition, we have shown that the Cl-ATPase form belongs to the β1 subunit, whereas the β3 subunit preferably possesses the Cl-, HCO3-ATPase activity. We demonstrated that a Zn2+ with variable efficacy inhibits the GABAAR as well as the ATPase activities of immature or mature neurons. Using fluorescence recording in the cortical synaptoneurosomes (SNs), we showed a competitive association between Zn2+ and NEM in parallel changes both in the ATPase activity and the GABAAR-mediated Cl- and HCO3- fluxes. Finally, by site-directed mutagenesis, we identified in the M3 domain of β subunits the cysteine residue (C313) that is essential for the manifestation of Zn2+ potency.
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22
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Marileo AM, Gavilán J, San Martín VP, Lara CO, Sazo A, Muñoz-Montesino C, Castro PA, Burgos CF, Leiva-Salcedo E, Aguayo LG, Moraga-Cid G, Fuentealba J, Yévenes GE. Modulation of GABA A receptors and of GABAergic synapses by the natural alkaloid gelsemine. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1083189. [PMID: 36733271 PMCID: PMC9887029 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1083189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gelsemium elegans plant preparations have shown beneficial activity against common diseases, including chronic pain and anxiety. Nevertheless, their clinical uses are limited by their toxicity. Gelsemine, one of the most abundant alkaloids in the Gelsemium plants, have replicated these therapeutic and toxic actions in experimental behavioral models. However, the molecular targets underlying these biological effects remain unclear. The behavioral activity profile of gelsemine suggests the involvement of GABAA receptors (GABAARs), which are the main biological targets of benzodiazepines (BDZs), a group of drugs with anxiolytic, hypnotic, and analgesic properties. Here, we aim to define the modulation of GABAARs by gelsemine, with a special focus on the subtypes involved in the BDZ actions. The gelsemine actions were determined by electrophysiological recordings of recombinant GABAARs expressed in HEK293 cells, and of native receptors in cortical neurons. Gelsemine inhibited the agonist-evoked currents of recombinant and native receptors. The functional inhibition was not associated with the BDZ binding site. We determined in addition that gelsemine diminished the frequency of GABAergic synaptic events, likely through a presynaptic modulation. Our findings establish gelsemine as a negative modulator of GABAARs and of GABAergic synaptic function. These pharmacological features discard direct anxiolytic or analgesic actions of gelsemine through GABAARs but support a role of GABAARs on the alkaloid induced toxicity. On the other hand, the presynaptic effects of the alkaloid provide an additional mechanism to explain their beneficial effects. Collectively, our results contribute novel information to improve understanding of gelsemine actions in the mammalian nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Marileo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile,Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Gavilán
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Victoria P. San Martín
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile,Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
| | - Cesar O. Lara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile,Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
| | - Anggelo Sazo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile,Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
| | - Carola Muñoz-Montesino
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Patricio A. Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos F. Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elías Leiva-Salcedo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis G. Aguayo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gustavo Moraga-Cid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge Fuentealba
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gonzalo E. Yévenes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile,Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Gonzalo E. Yévenes, ✉
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23
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Mueller-Buehl C, Wegrzyn D, Bauch J, Faissner A. Regulation of the E/I-balance by the neural matrisome. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1102334. [PMID: 37143468 PMCID: PMC10151766 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian cortex a proper excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance is fundamental for cognitive functions. Especially γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-releasing interneurons regulate the activity of excitatory projection neurons which form the second main class of neurons in the cortex. During development, the maturation of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing interneurons goes along with the formation of net-like structures covering their soma and proximal dendrites. These so-called perineuronal nets (PNNs) represent a specialized form of the extracellular matrix (ECM, also designated as matrisome) that stabilize structural synapses but prevent the formation of new connections. Consequently, PNNs are highly involved in the regulation of the synaptic balance. Previous studies revealed that the formation of perineuronal nets is accompanied by an establishment of mature neuronal circuits and by a closure of critical windows of synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, it has been shown that PNNs differentially impinge the integrity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. In various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders alterations of PNNs were described and aroused more attention in the last years. The following review gives an update about the role of PNNs for the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons and summarizes recent findings about the impact of PNNs in different neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia or epilepsy. A targeted manipulation of PNNs might provide an interesting new possibility to indirectly modulate the synaptic balance and the E/I ratio in pathological conditions.
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Alhowail A. Mechanisms Underlying Cognitive Impairment Induced by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121667. [PMID: 36552126 PMCID: PMC9775935 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most commonly used illicit substances among pregnant women. Clinical and experimental studies have revealed that prenatal alcohol exposure affects fetal brain development and ultimately results in the persistent impairment of the offspring's cognitive functions. Despite this, the rate of alcohol use among pregnant women has been progressively increasing. Various aspects of human and animal behavior, including learning and memory, are dependent on complex interactions between multiple mechanisms, such as receptor function, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase activation, which are especially vulnerable to alterations during the developmental period. Thus, the exploration of the mechanisms that are altered in response to prenatal alcohol exposure is necessary to develop an understanding of how homeostatic imbalance and various long-term neurobehavioral impairments manifest following alcohol abuse during pregnancy. There is evidence that prenatal alcohol exposure results in vast alterations in mechanisms such as long-term potentiation, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase activation in the brain of offspring. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are very few recent reviews that focus on the cognitive effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and the associated mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the recently reported alterations to various mechanisms following alcohol exposure during pregnancy, and to draw potential associations with behavioral changes in affected offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Al Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Secreted immune metabolites that mediate immune cell communication and function. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:990-1005. [PMID: 36347788 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites are emerging as essential factors for the immune system that are involved in both metabolic circuits and signaling cascades. Accumulated evidence suggests that altered metabolic programs initiated by the activation and maturation of immune cell types are accompanied by the delivery of various metabolites into the local environment. We propose that, in addition to protein/peptide ligands, secreted immune metabolites (SIMets) are essential components of immune communication networks that fine-tune immune responses under homeostatic and pathological conditions. We summarize recent advances in our understanding of SIMets and discuss the potential mechanisms by which some metabolites engage in immunological responses through receptor-, transporter-, and post-translational-mediated regulation. These insights may contribute to understanding physiology and developing effective therapeutics for inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
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Control of cell surface expression of GABA A receptors by a conserved region at the end of the N-terminal extracellular domain of receptor subunits. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102590. [PMID: 36244453 PMCID: PMC9672411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Type A γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) represent a family of pentameric GABA-gated Cl-/HCO3- ion channels which mediate inhibitory transmission in the central nervous system. Cell surface expression of GABAARs, a prerequisite for their function, is dependent on the appropriate assembly of the receptor subunits and their transient interactions with molecular chaperones within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. Here, we describe a highly conserved amino acid sequence within the extracellular N-terminal domain of the receptor subunits adjoining the first transmembrane domain as a region important for GABAAR processing within the ER. Modifications of this region in the α1, β3, and γ2 subunits using insertion or site-directed mutagenesis impaired GABAAR trafficking to the cell surface in heterologous cell systems although they had no effect on the subunit assembly. We found that mutated receptors accumulated in the ER where they were shown to associate with chaperones calnexin, BiP, and Grp94. However, their surface expression was increased when ER-associated degradation or proteosome function was inhibited, while modulation of ER calcium stores had little effect. When compared to the wt, mutated receptors showed decreased interaction with calnexin, similar binding to BiP, and increased association with Grp94. Structural modeling of calnexin interaction with the wt or mutated GABAAR revealed that disruption in structure caused by mutations in the conserved region adjoining the first transmembrane domain may impair calnexin binding. Thus, this previously uncharacterized region plays an important role in intracellular processing of GABAARs at least in part by stabilizing their interaction with calnexin.
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27
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Involvement of GABAA receptors of lateral habenula in the acquisition and expression phases of morphine-induced place preference in male rats. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:452-465. [PMID: 36148835 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) is a critical brain structure involved in the aversive response to drug abuse. It has been determined that the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system plays the main role in morphine dependency. The role of GABA type A receptors (GABAARs) in LHb on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) remains unknown. In this study, the effect of bilateral intra-LHb microinjection of GABAAR agonist and antagonist on the acquisition and expression phases of CPP, utilizing a 5-day CPP paradigm in male rats, was evaluated. Subcutaneous administration of different doses of morphine caused a dose-dependent CPP. Intra-LHb microinjection of the GABAAR agonist, muscimol, in combination with morphine (5 mg/kg; subcutaneously) enhanced CPP scores in the acquisition phase of morphine CPP, whereas the GABAAR antagonist, bicuculline, significantly reduced the conditioning scores in the acquisition phase. Furthermore, pretreatment with a high dose of bicuculline reversed the additive effect of muscimol during the acquisition phase, yet the low dose of antagonist had no significant effect on agonist-induced CPP scores. On the other hand, muscimol (3 µg/rat) significantly increased CPP scores in the expression phase but bicuculline did not induce a significant effect on CPP scores. Bicuculline and muscimol microinjections did not affect locomotor activity in the testing sessions. Our results confirm that GABAARs in LHb play an active role in morphine reward. In addition, microinjections of bicuculline/muscimol may alter the morphine response through the GABAergic system.
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Hagan DW, Ferreira SM, Santos GJ, Phelps EA. The role of GABA in islet function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:972115. [PMID: 36246925 PMCID: PMC9558271 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.972115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid and neurotransmitter that is produced in the islet at levels as high as in the brain. GABA is synthesized by the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), of which the 65 kDa isoform (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. Originally described to be released via synaptic-like microvesicles or from insulin secretory vesicles, beta cells are now understood to release substantial quantities of GABA directly from the cytosol via volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC). Once released, GABA influences the activity of multiple islet cell types through ionotropic GABAA receptors and metabotropic GABAB receptors. GABA also interfaces with cellular metabolism and ATP production via the GABA shunt pathway. Beta cells become depleted of GABA in type 1 diabetes (in remaining beta cells) and type 2 diabetes, suggesting that loss or reduction of islet GABA correlates with diabetes pathogenesis and may contribute to dysfunction of alpha, beta, and delta cells in diabetic individuals. While the function of GABA in the nervous system is well-understood, the description of the islet GABA system is clouded by differing reports describing multiple secretion pathways and effector functions. This review will discuss and attempt to unify the major experimental results from over 40 years of literature characterizing the role of GABA in the islet.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Walker Hagan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sandra M. Ferreira
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gustavo J. Santos
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab – I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Edward A. Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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29
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Lemercier CE, Garenne A, Poulletier de Gannes F, El Khoueiry C, Arnaud-Cormos D, Levêque P, Lagroye I, Percherancier Y, Lewis N. Comparative study between radiofrequency-induced and muscimol-induced inhibition of cultured networks of cortical neuron. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268605. [PMID: 36044461 PMCID: PMC9432733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that spontaneously active cultured networks of cortical neuron grown planar microelectrode arrays are sensitive to radiofrequency (RF) fields and exhibit an inhibitory response more pronounced as the exposure time and power increase. To better understand the mechanism behind the observed effects, we aimed at identifying similarities and differences between the inhibitory effect of RF fields (continuous wave, 1800 MHz) to the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor agonist muscimol (MU). Inhibition of the network bursting activity in response to RF exposure became apparent at an SAR level of 28.6 W/kg and co-occurred with an elevation of the culture medium temperature of ~1°C. Exposure to RF fields preferentially inhibits bursting over spiking activity and exerts fewer constraints on neural network bursting synchrony, differentiating it from a pharmacological inhibition with MU. Network rebound excitation, a phenomenon relying on the intrinsic properties of cortical neurons, was observed following the removal of tonic hyperpolarization after washout of MU but not in response to cessation of RF exposure. This implies that hyperpolarization is not the main driving force mediating the inhibitory effects of RF fields. At the level of single neurons, network inhibition induced by MU and RF fields occurred with reduced action potential (AP) half-width. As changes in AP waveform strongly influence efficacy of synaptic transmission, the narrowing effect on AP seen under RF exposure might contribute to reducing network bursting activity. By pointing only to a partial overlap between the inhibitory hallmarks of these two forms of inhibition, our data suggest that the inhibitory mechanisms of the action of RF fields differ from the ones mediated by the activation of GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément E. Lemercier
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Department of Systems Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail: (CEL); (NL)
| | - André Garenne
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | | | - Corinne El Khoueiry
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Delia Arnaud-Cormos
- Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, Limoges, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Lagroye
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- Paris “Sciences et Lettres” Research University, Paris, France
| | - Yann Percherancier
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Noëlle Lewis
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- * E-mail: (CEL); (NL)
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30
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Whittsette AL, Wang YJ, Mu TW. The endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex promotes proteostasis of GABA A receptors. iScience 2022; 25:104754. [PMID: 35938049 PMCID: PMC9352529 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex (EMC) plays a critical role in the biogenesis of tail-anchored proteins and a subset of multi-pass membrane proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, because of nearly exclusive expression of neurotransmitter-gated ion channels in the central nervous system (CNS), the role of the EMC in their biogenesis is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the EMC positively regulates the surface trafficking and thus function of endogenous γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, the primary inhibitory ion channels in the mammalian brain. Moreover, among ten EMC subunits, EMC3 and EMC6 have the most prominent effect, and overexpression of EMC3 or EMC6 is sufficient to restore the function of epilepsy-associated GABAA receptor variants. In addition, EMC3 and EMC6 demonstrate endogenous interactions with major neuroreceptors, which depends on their transmembrane domains, suggesting a general role of the EMC in the biogenesis of neuroreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L. Whittsette
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ya-Juan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ting-Wei Mu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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31
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Molecular Mechanisms of Epilepsy: The Role of the Chloride Transporter KCC2. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1500-1515. [PMID: 35819636 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by abnormal or synchronous brain activity causing seizures, which may produce convulsions, minor physical signs, or a combination of symptoms. These disorders affect approximately 65 million people worldwide, from all ages and genders. Seizures apart, epileptic patients present a high risk to develop neuropsychological comorbidities such as cognitive deficits, emotional disturbance, and psychiatric disorders, which severely impair quality of life. Currently, the treatment for epilepsy includes the administration of drugs or surgery, but about 30% of the patients treated with antiepileptic drugs develop time-dependent pharmacoresistence. Therefore, further investigation about epilepsy and its causes is needed to find new pharmacological targets and innovative therapeutic strategies. Pharmacoresistance is associated to changes in neuronal plasticity and alterations of GABAA receptor-mediated neurotransmission. The downregulation of GABA inhibitory activity may arise from a positive shift in GABAA receptor reversal potential, due to an alteration in chloride homeostasis. In this paper, we review the contribution of K+-Cl--cotransporter (KCC2) to the alterations in the Cl- gradient observed in epileptic condition, and how these alterations are coupled to the increase in the excitability.
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32
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Menzikov SA, Zaichenko DM, Moskovtsev AA, Morozov SG, Kubatiev AA. Physiological Role of ATPase for GABA A Receptor Resensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105320. [PMID: 35628132 PMCID: PMC9141714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) mediate primarily inhibitory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Following fast-paced activation, which provides the selective flow of mainly chloride (Cl−) and less bicarbonate (HCO3−) ions via the pore, these receptors undergo desensitization that is paradoxically prevented by the process of their recovery, referred to as resensitization. To clarify the mechanism of resensitization, we used the cortical synaptoneurosomes from the rat brain and HEK 293FT cells. Here, we describe the effect of γ-phosphate analogues (γPAs) that mimic various states of ATP hydrolysis on GABAAR-mediated Cl− and HCO3− fluxes in response to the first and repeated application of the agonist. We found that depending on the presence of bicarbonate, opened and desensitized states of the wild or chimeric GABAARs had different sensitivities to γPAs. This study presents the evidence that recovery of neuronal Cl− and HCO3− concentrations after desensitization is accompanied by a change in the intracellular ATP concentration via ATPase performance. The transition between the desensitization and resensitization states was linked to changes in both conformation and phosphorylation. In addition, the chimeric β3 isoform did not exhibit the desensitization of the GABAAR-mediated Cl− influx but only the resensitization. These observations lend a new physiological significance to the β3 subunit in the manifestation of GABAAR resensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Menzikov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (D.M.Z.); (A.A.M.); (S.G.M.); (A.A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(499)-151-1756; Fax: +7-(495)-601-2366
| | - Danila M. Zaichenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (D.M.Z.); (A.A.M.); (S.G.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Aleksey A. Moskovtsev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (D.M.Z.); (A.A.M.); (S.G.M.); (A.A.K.)
- Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 2/1, Barrykadnaya St., 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (D.M.Z.); (A.A.M.); (S.G.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Aslan A. Kubatiev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (D.M.Z.); (A.A.M.); (S.G.M.); (A.A.K.)
- Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 2/1, Barrykadnaya St., 125993 Moscow, Russia
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33
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Ashton MK, Rueda AVL, Ho AM, Noor Aizin NABM, Sharma H, Dodd PR, Stadlin A, Camarini R. Sex differences in GABA A receptor subunit transcript expression are mediated by genotype in subjects with alcohol-related cirrhosis of the liver. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 21:e12785. [PMID: 35301805 PMCID: PMC9744570 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Male and female human subjects show contrasting propensities to misuse drugs of addiction, including alcohol. These differences lead to different psychological and neurological consequences, such as the likelihood of developing dependence. The pattern and extent of brain damage in alcohol-use disorder cases also varies with comorbid disease. To explore mechanisms that might underlie these outcomes, we used autopsy tissue to determine mRNA transcript expression in relation to genotype for two GABAA receptor subunit genes. We used quantitative Real-Time PCR to measure GABRA6 and GABRA2 mRNA concentrations in dorsolateral prefrontal and primary motor cortices of alcohol-use disorder subjects and controls of both sexes with and without liver disease who had been genotyped for these GABAA receptor subunit genes. Cirrhotic alcohol-use disorder cases had significantly higher expression of GABRA6 and GABRA2 transcripts than either controls or non-cirrhotic alcohol-use disorder cases. Differences were observed between sexes, genotypes and brain regions. We show that sex differences in subjects with GABRA6 and GABRA2 variants may contribute to differences in susceptibility to alcohol-use disorder and alcohol-induced cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline K. Ashton
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - André V. L. Rueda
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Departamento de Farmacologia, ICBUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ada M.‐C. Ho
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Noradibah Arina Binte M. Noor Aizin
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Vela Research Singapore Pte LtdThe KendallSingapore
| | - Hansa Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Peter R. Dodd
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Rosana Camarini
- Departamento de Farmacologia, ICBUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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Hyperammonemia Enhances GABAergic Neurotransmission in Hippocampus: Underlying Mechanisms and Modulation by Extracellular cGMP. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3431-3448. [PMID: 35320456 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Rats with chronic hyperammonemia reproduce the cognitive and motor impairment present in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. It has been proposed that enhanced GABAergic neurotransmission in hippocampus may contribute to impaired learning and memory in hyperammonemic rats. However, there are no direct evidences of the effects of hyperammonemia on GABAergic neurotransmission in hippocampus or on the underlying mechanisms. The aims of this work were to assess if chronic hyperammonemia enhances the function of GABAA receptors in hippocampus and to identify the underlying mechanisms. Activation of GABAA receptors is enhanced in hippocampus of hyperammonemic rats, as analyzed in a multielectrode array system. Hyperammonemia reduces membrane expression of the GABA transporters GAT1 and GAT3, which is associated with increased extracellular GABA concentration. Hyperammonemia also increases gephyrin levels and phosphorylation of the β3 subunit of GABAA receptor, which are associated with increased membrane expression of the GABAA receptor subunits α1, α2, γ2, β3, and δ. Enhanced levels of extracellular GABA and increased membrane expression of GABAA receptors would be responsible for the enhanced GABAergic neurotransmission in hippocampus of hyperammonemic rats. Increasing extracellular cGMP reverses the increase in GABAA receptors activation by normalizing the membrane expression of GABA transporters and GABAA receptors. The increased GABAergic neurotransmission in hippocampus would contribute to cognitive impairment in hyperammonemic rats. The results reported suggest that reducing GABAergic tone in hippocampus by increasing extracellular cGMP or by other means may be useful to improve cognitive function in hyperammonemia and in cirrhotic patients with minimal or clinical hepatic encephalopathy.
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Janach GMS, Böhm M, Döhne N, Kim HR, Rosário M, Strauss U. Interferon-γ enhances neocortical synaptic inhibition by promoting membrane association and phosphorylation of GABA A receptors in a protein kinase C-dependent manner. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 101:153-164. [PMID: 34998939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), an important mediator of the antiviral immune response, can also act as a neuromodulator. CNS IFN-γ levels rise acutely in response to infection and therapeutically applied IFN-γ provokes CNS related side effects. Moreover, IFN-γ plays a key role in neurophysiological processes and a variety of chronic neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. To close the gap between basic research, behavioral implications and clinical applicability, knowledge of the mechanism behind IFN-γ related changes in brain function is crucial. Here, we studied the underlying mechanism of acutely augmented neocortical inhibition by IFN-γ (1.000 IU ml-1) in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of male Wistar rats. We demonstrate postsynaptic mediation of IFN-γ augmented inhibition by pressure application of GABA and analysis of paired pulse ratios. IFN-γ increases membrane presence of GABAAR γ2, as quantified by cell surface biotinylation and functional synaptic GABAAR number, as determined by peak-scaled non-stationary noise analysis. The increase in functional receptor number was comparable to the increase in underlying miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) amplitudes. Blockage of putative intracellular mediators, namely phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase C (PKC) by Wortmannin and Calphostin C, respectively, revealed PKC-dependency of the pro-inhibitory IFN-γ effect. This was corroborated by increased serine phosphorylation of P-serine PKC motifs on GABAAR γ2 upon IFN-γ application. GABAAR single channel conductance, intracellular chloride levels and GABAAR driving force are unlikely to contribute to the effect, as shown by single channel recordings and chloride imaging. The effect of IFN-γ on mIPSC amplitudes was similar in female and male rats, suggesting a gender-independent mechanism of action. Collectively, these results indicate a novel mechanism for the regulation of inhibition by IFN-γ, which could impact on neocortical function and therewith behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M S Janach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Böhm
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Noah Döhne
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ha-Rang Kim
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marta Rosário
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Strauss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Kono M, Ozoe F, Asahi M, Ozoe Y. State-dependent inhibition of GABA receptor channels by the ectoparasiticide fluralaner. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 181:105008. [PMID: 35082031 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABARs) are ligand-gated Cl- channels, which cause an influx of Cl- that inhibits excitation in postsynaptic cells upon activation. GABARs are important targets for drugs and pest control chemicals. We previously reported that the isoxazoline ectoparasiticide fluralaner inhibits GABA-induced currents in housefly (Musca domestica) GABARs by binding to the putative binding site in the transmembrane subunit interface. In the present study, we investigated whether fluralaner inhibits the GABA response in the GABAR activated state, the resting state, or both, using two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology protocols. We found that inhibition progresses over time to steady-state levels by repeated short applications of GABA during fluralaner perfusion. The GABA response was not impaired by fluralaner treatment in the GABAR resting state. However, once inhibited, the GABA response was not restored by repeated applications of GABA. These findings suggest that fluralaner might reach the binding site of the activated conformation of GABARs in a stepwise fashion and tightly bind to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Kono
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Ozoe
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Miho Asahi
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, Shiraoka, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Ozoe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan; Interdisciplinary Institute for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan.
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Belelli D, Phillips GD, Atack JR, Lambert JJ. Relating neurosteroid modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission to behaviour. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13045. [PMID: 34644812 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Studies in the 1980s revealed endogenous metabolites of progesterone and deoxycorticosterone to be potent, efficacious, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the GABAA receptor (GABAA R). The discovery that such steroids are locally synthesised in the central nervous system (CNS) promoted the thesis that neural inhibition in the CNS may be "fine-tuned" by these neurosteroids to influence behaviour. In preclinical studies, these neurosteroids exhibited anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, analgesic and sedative properties and, at relatively high doses, induced a state of general anaesthesia, a profile consistent with their interaction with GABAA Rs. However, realising the therapeutic potential of either endogenous neurosteroids or synthetic "neuroactive" steroids has proven challenging. Recent approval by the Food and Drug Administration of the use of allopregnanolone (brexanolone) to treat postpartum depression has rekindled enthusiasm for exploring their potential as new medicines. Although neurosteroids are selective for GABAA Rs, they exhibit little or no selectivity across the many GABAA R subtypes. Nevertheless, a relatively minor population of receptors incorporating the δ-subunit (δ-GABAA Rs) appears to be an important contributor to their behavioural effects. Here, we consider how neurosteroids acting upon GABAA Rs influence neuronal signalling, as well as how such effects may acutely and persistently influence behaviour, and explore the case for developing selective PAMs of δ-GABAA R subtypes for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Belelli
- Neuroscience, Division of Systems Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Grant D Phillips
- Neuroscience, Division of Systems Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - John R Atack
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeremy J Lambert
- Neuroscience, Division of Systems Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Lipovsek M, Marcovich I, Elgoyhen AB. The Hair Cell α9α10 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: Odd Cousin in an Old Family. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:785265. [PMID: 34867208 PMCID: PMC8634148 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.785265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a subfamily of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels with members identified in most eumetazoan clades. In vertebrates, they are divided into three subgroups, according to their main tissue of expression: neuronal, muscle and hair cell nAChRs. Each receptor subtype is composed of different subunits, encoded by paralogous genes. The latest to be identified are the α9 and α10 subunits, expressed in the mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear and the lateral line, where they mediate efferent modulation. α9α10 nAChRs are the most divergent amongst all nicotinic receptors, showing marked differences in their degree of sequence conservation, their expression pattern, their subunit co-assembly rules and, most importantly, their functional properties. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the structure and evolution of nAChRs. We discuss the functional consequences of sequence divergence and conservation, with special emphasis on the hair cell α9α10 receptor, a seemingly distant cousin of neuronal and muscle nicotinic receptors. Finally, we highlight potential links between the evolution of the octavolateral system and the extreme divergence of vertebrate α9α10 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lipovsek
- Ear Institute, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Marcovich
- Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ana Belén Elgoyhen
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres" (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Chloride transport across cell membranes is broadly involved in epithelial fluid transport, cell volume and pH regulation, muscle contraction, membrane excitability, and organellar acidification. The human genome encodes at least 53 chloride-transporting proteins with expression in cell plasma or intracellular membranes, which include chloride channels, exchangers, and cotransporters, some having broad anion specificity. Loss-of-function mutations in chloride transporters cause a wide variety of human diseases, including cystic fibrosis, secretory diarrhea, kidney stones, salt-wasting nephropathy, myotonia, osteopetrosis, hearing loss, and goiter. Although impactful advances have been made in the past decade in drug treatment of cystic fibrosis using small molecule modulators of the defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel, other chloride channels and solute carrier proteins (SLCs) represent relatively underexplored target classes for drug discovery. New opportunities have emerged for the development of chloride transport modulators as potential therapeutics for secretory diarrheas, constipation, dry eye disorders, kidney stones, polycystic kidney disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Approaches to chloride transport-targeted drug discovery are reviewed herein, with focus on chloride channel and exchanger classes in which recent preclinical advances have been made in the identification of small molecule modulators and in proof of concept testing in experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Verkman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Luis J V Galietta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Significance of GABA A Receptor for Cognitive Function and Hippocampal Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212456. [PMID: 34830337 PMCID: PMC8623595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a primary area for contextual memory, known to process spatiotemporal information within a specific episode. Long-term strengthening of glutamatergic transmission is a mechanism of contextual learning in the dorsal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) area of the hippocampus. CA1-specific immobilization or blockade of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor delivery can impair learning performance, indicating a causal relationship between learning and receptor delivery into the synapse. Moreover, contextual learning also strengthens GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptor-mediated inhibitory synapses onto CA1 neurons. Recently we revealed that strengthening of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory synapses preceded excitatory synaptic plasticity after contextual learning, resulting in a reduced synaptic excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) input balance that returned to pretraining levels within 10 min. The faster plasticity at inhibitory synapses may allow encoding a contextual memory and prevent cognitive dysfunction in various hippocampal pathologies. In this review, we focus on the dynamic changes of GABAA receptor mediated-synaptic currents after contextual learning and the intracellular mechanism underlying rapid inhibitory synaptic plasticity. In addition, we discuss that several pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy are characterized by alterations in GABAA receptor trafficking, synaptic E/I imbalance and neuronal excitability.
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Hashim O, Charvet CL, Toubaté B, Ahmed AAE, Lamassiaude N, Neveu C, Dimier-Poisson I, Debierre-Grockiego F, Dupuy C. Molecular and Functional Characterization of GABA Receptor Subunits GRD and LCCH3 from Human Louse Pediculus Humanus Humanus. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 102:116-127. [PMID: 35858760 PMCID: PMC11037462 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human louse Pediculus humanus is a cosmopolitan obligatory blood-feeding ectoparasite causing pediculosis and transmitting many bacterial pathogens. Control of infestation is difficult due to the developed resistance to insecticides that mainly target GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors. Previous work showed that Pediculus humanus humanus (Phh) GABA receptor subunit resistance to dieldrin (RDL) is the target of lotilaner, a synthetic molecule of the isoxazoline chemical class. To enhance our understanding of how insecticides act on GABA receptors, two other GABA receptor subunits were cloned and characterized: three variants of Phh-grd (glycine-like receptor of Drosophila) and one variant of Phh-lcch3 (ligand-gated chloride channel homolog 3). Relative mRNA expression levels of Phh-rdl, Phh-grd, and Phh-lcch3 revealed that they were expressed throughout the developmental stages (eggs, larvae, adults) and in the different parts of adult lice (head, thorax, and abdomen). When expressed individually in the Xenopus oocyte heterologous expression system, Phh-GRD1, Phh-GRD2, Phh-GRD3, and Phh-LCCH3 were unable to reconstitute functional channels, whereas the subunit combinations Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3, Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL, and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL responded to GABA in a concentration-dependent manner. The three heteromeric receptors were similarly sensitive to the antagonistic effect of picrotoxin and fipronil, whereas Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL were respectively about 2.5-fold and 5-fold more sensitive to ivermectin than Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3. Moreover, the heteropentameric receptor constituted by Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3 was found to be permeable and highly sensitive to the extracellular sodium concentration. These findings provided valuable additions to our knowledge of the complex nature of GABA receptors in human louse that could help in understanding the resistance pattern to commonly used pediculicides. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Human louse is an ectoparasite that causes pediculosis and transmits several bacterial pathogens. Emerging strains developed resistance to the commonly used insecticides, especially those targeting GABA receptors. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance, two subunits of GABA receptors were cloned and described: Phh-grd and Phh-lcch3. The heteromeric receptor reconstituted with the two subunits was functional in Xenopus oocytes and sensitive to commercially available insecticides. Moreover, both subunits were transcribed throughout the parasite lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Hashim
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Claude L Charvet
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Berthine Toubaté
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Aimun A E Ahmed
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Nicolas Lamassiaude
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Cédric Neveu
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Isabelle Dimier-Poisson
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Françoise Debierre-Grockiego
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
| | - Catherine Dupuy
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, BioMAP, 37200, Tours, France (O.H., B.T., I.D.-P., F.D.-G., C.D.); Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan (O.H.); INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, MPN, 37380, Nouzilly, France (C.L.C., N.L., C.N.); Department of Pharmacology, Albaha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia (A.A.E.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan (A.A.E.A.)
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