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Protective Effect of Shengmaiyin in Myocardial Hypertrophy-Induced Rats: A Genomic Analysis by 16S rDNA. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3188292. [PMID: 36118100 PMCID: PMC9473885 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3188292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The gut-cardiac axis theory provides new insights into the complex mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and provides new therapeutic targets. Cardiac hypertrophy is a risk factor for heart failure. Shengmaiyin (SMY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with clear effects in the treatment and prevention of cardiac hypertrophy, but the mechanism by which it improves cardiac hypertrophy is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of SMY on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats. Methods First, various pharmacodynamic methods were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SMY on ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats. Then, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology was used to study the effect of SMY on the intestinal flora of rats with myocardial hypertrophy. Finally, the mechanism underlying the effect of SMY on cardiac hypertrophy was predicted by bioinformatics network analysis and verified by Western blotting. Results SMY increased ejection fraction (EF%) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS%), ameliorated myocardial cell injury and fibrosis, regulated blood lipids and energy metabolism, and decreased cardiac hypertrophy marker gene expression. The gut microbiota of ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy rats were significantly changed, while SMY effectively ameliorated the dysbiosis of the intestinal flora in rats with myocardial hypertrophy, especially Prevotella 9, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium. Mechanistic studies have shown that the anticardiac hypertrophy effect of SMY is related to the inhibition of the expression of HIF1α/PPAR signalling pathway-related proteins. Conclusion SMY significantly improves cardiac function, relieves myocardial cell fibrosis and necrosis, resists cardiac hypertrophy, improves blood lipid metabolism and energy metabolism, regulates intestinal microbial disturbance, and protects the heart.
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Alam W, Rocca C, Khan H, Hussain Y, Aschner M, De Bartolo A, Amodio N, Angelone T, Cheang WS. Current Status and Future Perspectives on Therapeutic Potential of Apigenin: Focus on Metabolic-Syndrome-Dependent Organ Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101643. [PMID: 34679777 PMCID: PMC8533599 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and its associated disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus are globally prevalent. Different molecules showing therapeutic potential are currently available for the management of metabolic syndrome, although their efficacy has often been compromised by their poor bioavailability and side effects. Studies have been carried out on medicinal plant extracts for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome. In this regard, isolated pure compounds have shown promising efficacy for the management of metabolic syndrome, both in preclinical and clinical settings. Apigenin, a natural bioactive flavonoid widely present in medicinal plants, functional foods, vegetables and fruits, exerts protective effects in models of neurological disorders and cardiovascular diseases and most of these effects are attributed to its antioxidant action. Various preclinical and clinical studies carried out so far show a protective effect of apigenin against metabolic syndrome. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review on both in vitro and in vivo evidence related to the promising antioxidant role of apigenin in cardioprotection, neuroprotection and renoprotection, and to its beneficial action in metabolic-syndrome-dependent organ dysfunction. We also provide evidence on the potential of apigenin in the prevention and/or treatment of metabolic syndrome, analysing the potential and limitation of its therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (C.R.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: or (H.K.); (N.A.); (T.A.)
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 221400, China;
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (C.R.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: or (H.K.); (N.A.); (T.A.)
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (C.R.); (A.D.B.)
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research I.N.R.C., 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: or (H.K.); (N.A.); (T.A.)
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China;
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Requena-Ibáñez JA, Santos-Gallego CG, Rodriguez-Cordero A, Zafar MU, Badimon JJ. Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors: a New Opportunity in Renal and Myocardial Protection. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:1187-1196. [PMID: 34533692 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, via the activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), plays a crucial role in fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative injury, processes which are associated with progression of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. HIFs are key transcription heterodimers consisting of regulatory α-subunits (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, HIF-3α) and a constitutive β-subunit (HIF-β). The stability of HIFs is regulated by the prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). Specific PHD inhibitors (PHD-i) are being investigated as a therapeutic approach to modulate the cellular signaling pathways and harness the native protective adaptive responses to hypoxia. Selective inhibition of PHD leads to the stabilization of the HIFs, which is the transcriptional gatekeeper of a multitude of genes involved in angiogenesis, energy metabolism, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. PHD-i downregulate hepcidin, improve iron absorption, and increase the endogenous production of erythropoietin. Furthermore, this pharmacological group has also been proven to ameliorate ischemic injuries in several organs, opening a new and promising field in cardiovascular research.. In this review, we present the basic and clinical potential of PHD-i treatment in different scenarios, such as ischemic heart disease, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and their interplay with other pharmacological agents with proven cardiovascular benefits, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Requena-Ibáñez
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029-0310, USA.,Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos G Santos-Gallego
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029-0310, USA.,Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anderly Rodriguez-Cordero
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029-0310, USA.,Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Urooj Zafar
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029-0310, USA.,Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan José Badimon
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029-0310, USA. .,Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Siegers JY, Novakovic B, Hulme KD, Marshall RJ, Bloxham CJ, Thomas WG, Reichelt ME, Leijten L, van Run P, Knox K, Sokolowski KA, Tse BWC, Chew KY, Christ AN, Howe G, Bruxner TJC, Karolyi M, Pawelka E, Koch RM, Bellmann-Weiler R, Burkert F, Weiss G, Samanta RJ, Openshaw PJM, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, van Riel D, Short KR. A High-Fat Diet Increases Influenza A Virus-Associated Cardiovascular Damage. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:820-831. [PMID: 32246148 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A virus (IAV) causes a wide range of extrarespiratory complications. However, the role of host factors in these complications of influenza virus infection remains to be defined. METHODS Here, we sought to use transcriptional profiling, virology, histology, and echocardiograms to investigate the role of a high-fat diet in IAV-associated cardiac damage. RESULTS Transcriptional profiling showed that, compared to their low-fat counterparts (LF mice), mice fed a high-fat diet (HF mice) had impairments in inflammatory signaling in the lung and heart after IAV infection. This was associated with increased viral titers in the heart, increased left ventricular mass, and thickening of the left ventricular wall in IAV-infected HF mice compared to both IAV-infected LF mice and uninfected HF mice. Retrospective analysis of clinical data revealed that cardiac complications were more common in patients with excess weight, an association which was significant in 2 out of 4 studies. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data provide the first evidence that a high-fat diet may be a risk factor for the development of IAV-associated cardiovascular damage and emphasizes the need for further clinical research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurre Y Siegers
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Epigenetics Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Katina D Hulme
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rebecca J Marshall
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Conor J Bloxham
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Walter G Thomas
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mellissa E Reichelt
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lonneke Leijten
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van Run
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karen Knox
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kamil A Sokolowski
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brian W C Tse
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute Australia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Keng Yih Chew
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Angelika N Christ
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Greg Howe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Timothy J C Bruxner
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mario Karolyi
- Department for Infectious Diseases, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erich Pawelka
- Department for Infectious Diseases, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca M Koch
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosa Bellmann-Weiler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Francesco Burkert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Romit J Samanta
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J M Openshaw
- Respiratory Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Debby van Riel
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsty R Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Niu G, Zhou M, Wang F, Yang J, Huang J, Zhu Z. Marein ameliorates Ang II/hypoxia-induced abnormal glucolipid metabolism by modulating the HIF-1α/PPARα/γ pathway in H9c2 cells. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:523-532. [PMID: 33314222 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of marein, a major bioactive compound in functional food Coreopsis tinctoria, in hypertrophic H9c2 cells. Treating angiotensin II/hypoxia-stimulated H9c2 cells with marein led to decreasing cell surface area, intracellular total protein, atrial natriuretic peptide, and free fatty acids levels, but increasing glucose level. Marein treatment decreased hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), medium chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, glucose transporter-4, and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase protein expressions, and increased PPARα, fatty acid transport protein-1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 protein expressions. Similar results were observed in HIF-1α-overexpressing H9c2 cells, whereas these effects were abolished in siRNA-HIF-1α-transfected H9c2 cells. It was concluded that marein could ameliorate abnormal glucolipid metabolism in hypertrophic H9c2 cells, and the effects could be attributable to reduction of HIF-1α expression and subsequent regulation PPARα/γ-mediated lipogenic gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Niu
- The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingxing Yang
- Ulink College of Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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6
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Chang J, Yang B, Zhou Y, Yin C, Liu T, Qian H, Xing G, Wang S, Li F, Zhang Y, Chen D, Aschner M, Lu R. Acute Methylmercury Exposure and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Signaling Pathway under Normoxic Conditions in the Rat Brain and Astrocytes in Vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:127006. [PMID: 31850806 PMCID: PMC6957278 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, methylmercury (MeHg) induces toxic effects in the nervous system, one of its main targets. However, the exact mechanisms of its neurotoxicity have not been fully elucidated. Hypoxia-inducible factor- 1 α (HIF- 1 α ), a transcription factor, plays a crucial role in adaptive and cytoprotective responses in cells and is involved in cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, erythropoiesis, and other physiological activities. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the role of HIF- 1 α in response to acute MeHg exposure in rat brain and primary cultured astrocytes to improve understanding of the mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity and the development of effective neuroprotective strategies. METHODS Primary rat astrocytes were treated with MeHg (0 - 10 μ M ) for 0.5 h . Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were assessed with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed to assess the level of oxidative stress using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence. HIF- 1 α , and its downstream proteins, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), erythropoietin (EPO), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) were analyzed by means of Western blotting. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of HIF- 1 α mRNA. Pretreatment with protein synthesis inhibitor (CHX), proteasome inhibitor (MG132), or proline hydroxylase inhibitor (DHB) were applied to explore the possible mechanisms of HIF- 1 α inhibition by MeHg. To investigate the role of HIF- 1 α in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, cobalt chloride (CoC l 2 ), 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and adenovirus overexpression were used. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and vitamin E (Trolox) were used to investigate the putative role of oxidative stress in MeHg-induced alterations in HIF- 1 α levels. The expression of HIF- 1 α and related downstream proteins was detected in adult rat brain exposed to MeHg (0 - 10 mg / kg ) for 0.5 h in vivo. RESULTS MeHg caused lower cell proliferation and higher cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In comparison with the control cells, exposure to 10 μ M MeHg for 0.5 h significantly inhibited the expression of astrocytic HIF- 1 α , and the downstream genes GLUT-1, EPO, and VEGF-A (p < 0.05 ), in the absence of a significant decrease in HIF- 1 α mRNA levels. When protein synthesis was inhibited by CHX, MeHg promoted the degradation rate of HIF- 1 α . MG132 and DHB significantly blocked the MeHg-induced decrease in HIF- 1 α expression (p < 0.05 ). Overexpression of HIF- 1 α significantly attenuated the decline in MeHg-induced cell proliferation, whereas the inhibition of HIF- 1 α significantly increased the decline in cell proliferation (p < 0.05 ). NAC and Trolox, two established antioxidants, reversed the MeHg-induced decline in HIF- 1 α protein levels and the decrease in cell proliferation (p < 0.05 ). MeHg suppressed the expression of HIF- 1 α and related downstream target proteins in adult rat brain. DISCUSSION MeHg induced a significant reduction in HIF- 1 α protein by activating proline hydroxylase (PHD) and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in primary rat astrocytes. Additionally, ROS scavenging by antioxidants played a neuroprotective role via increasing HIF- 1 α expression in response to MeHg toxicity. Moreover, we established that up-regulation of HIF- 1 α might serve to mitigate the acute toxicity of MeHg in astrocytes, affording a novel therapeutic target for future exploration. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Changsheng Yin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hai Qian
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guangwei Xing
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Center for Experimental Research, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
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Zhu ZY, Wang F, Jia CH, Xie ML. Apigenin-induced HIF-1α inhibitory effect improves abnormal glucolipid metabolism in AngⅡ/hypoxia-stimulated or HIF-1α-overexpressed H9c2 cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152713. [PMID: 31078968 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apigenin, a natural flavonoid compound, can improve the myocardial abnormal glucolipid metabolism and down-regulate the myocardial hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophic rats. However, whether or not the ameliorative effect of glucolipid metabolism is from the reduction of HIF-1α expression remains uncertain. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the exact relationship between them in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)/hypoxia-stimulated or HIF-1α overexpressed H9c2 cells. METHODS Two cell models with Ang Ⅱ/hypoxia-induced hypertrophy and HIF-1α overexpression were established. After treatment of the cells with different concentrations of apigenin, the levels of total protein, free fatty acids (FFA), and glucose were detected by the colorimetric method, the level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was detected by the ELISA method, and the expressions of HIF-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ (PPARα/γ), carnitine palmitoyltmnsferase-1 (CPT-1), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase genes (GPAT), and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) proteins were detected by the Western blot assay. RESULTS Following treatment of the both model cells with apigenin 1-10 μM for 24 h, the levels of intracellular total protein, ANP, and FFA were decreased, while the level of cultured supernatant glucose was increased. Importantly, apigenin treatment could inhibit the expressions of HIF-1α, PPARγ, GPAT, and GLUT-4 proteins, and increase the expressions of PPARα, CPT-1, and PDK-4 proteins. CONCLUSION Apigenin could exert an ameliorative effect on abnormal glucolipid metabolism in AngⅡ/hypoxia-stimulated or HIF-1α-overexpressed H9c2 cells, and its mechanisms were associated with the inhibition of HIF-1α expression and subsequent upregulation of PPARα-mediated CPT-1 and PDK-4 expressions and downregulation of PPARγ-mediated GPAT and GLUT-4 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Yan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang-Hao Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Lin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
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8
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Gu N, Wang J, Di Z, Liu Z, Jia X, Yan Y, Chen X, Zhang Q, Qian Y. The Effects of Intelectin-1 on Antioxidant and Angiogenesis in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen Glucose Deprivation. Front Neurol 2019; 10:383. [PMID: 31040819 PMCID: PMC6477047 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Ischemic stroke leads to cellular death and tissue damage by depriving the areas of glucose and oxygen supplies. The effective treatment of stroke remains a challenge for modern medicine. This study used an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to mimic ischemic injuries and explored the role and mechanism of intelectin-1. Methods: Intelectin-1 was transduced into the HUVECs using a lentiviral vector. The PI3K/Akt signaling was examined in intelectin-induced eNOS phosphorylation. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was dealed in HUVECs. Results: Our results demonstrated an increase in capillary density, decrease in apoptotic cells, and increase in HIF-1α protein expression following intelectin-1 treatment. Real-time PCR and Western blotting revealed the increased intelectin-1 expression alongside eNOS and Akt phosphorylation with enhanced bcl-2 expression under OGD. Capillary density decreased significantly after LY294002 treatment. Conclusion: These results suggest intelectin-1 promotes angiogenesis, inhibits oxidative stress and reduces apoptosis by stimulating the Akt-eNOS signaling pathway in response to ischemia in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibing Gu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengli Di
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaotao Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu'e Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoshan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Quanzeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Yihua Qian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Wang J, Gao T, Wang F, Xue J, Ye H, Xie M. Luteolin improves myocardial cell glucolipid metabolism by inhibiting hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression in angiotensin II/hypoxia-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells. Nutr Res 2019; 65:63-70. [PMID: 30954346 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, can attenuate hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in obese mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that luteolin may also improve the abnormal glucolipid metabolism of hypertrophic myocardial cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect and possible molecular mechanisms of luteolin. Hypertrophic H9c2 cells were induced by angiotensin II/hypoxia and simultaneously treated with 2 to 8 μg/mL luteolin for 24 h. Luteolin might dose-dependently decrease intracellular total protein, atrial natriuretic peptide, and free fatty acid levels, and increase supernatant glucose levels. Western blot assay showed that luteolin could inhibit the expressions of intracellular hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) proteins, and increase the expressions of intracellular peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (CPT-1A), and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4) proteins. These findings demonstrate that luteolin can improve abnormal glucolipid metabolism in angiotensin II/hypoxia-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells, and its mechanisms are related to the inhibition of HIF-1α expression and subsequent modulation of PPARα-mediated target genes, including CPT-1A, PDK-4, and GLUT-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Meilin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhu ZY, Gao T, Huang Y, Xue J, Xie ML. Apigenin ameliorates hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy and down-regulates cardiac hypoxia inducible factor-lα in rats. Food Funct 2016; 7:1992-8. [PMID: 26987380 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01464f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin is a natural flavonoid compound that can inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression in cultured tumor cells under hypoxic conditions. Hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy is always accompanied by abnormal myocardial glucolipid metabolism due to an increase of HIF-1α. However, whether or not apigenin may ameliorate the cardiac hypertrophy and abnormal myocardial glucolipid metabolism remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the effects of apigenin. Rats with cardiac hypertrophy induced by renovascular hypertension were treated with apigenin 50-100 mg kg(-1) (the doses can be achieved by pharmacological or dietary supplementation for an adult person) by gavage for 4 weeks. The results showed that after treatment with apigenin, the blood pressure, heart weight, heart weight index, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, serum angiotensin II, and serum and myocardial free fatty acids were reduced. It is important to note that apigenin decreased the expression level of myocardial HIF-1α protein. Moreover, apigenin simultaneously increased the expression levels of myocardial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-4 proteins and decreased the expression levels of myocardial PPARγ, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase genes (GPAT), and glucose transporter (GLUT)-4 proteins. These findings demonstrated that apigenin could improve hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy and abnormal myocardial glucolipid metabolism in rats, and its mechanisms might be associated with the down-regulation of myocardial HIF-1α expression and, subsequently increasing the expressions of myocardial PPARα and its target genes CPT-1 and PDK-4, and decreasing the expressions of myocardial PPARγ and its target genes GPAT and GLUT-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Yan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China. and Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Mei-Lin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Gao T, Zhu ZY, Zhou X, Xie ML. Chrysanthemum morifolium extract improves hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats by reduction of blood pressure and inhibition of myocardial hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha expression. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2895-2900. [PMID: 27268080 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1190764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (Asteraceae) extract (CME) possesses a vasodilator effect in vitro. However, the use of polyphenol-rich CME in the treatment of hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy has not been reported. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of polyphenol-rich CME on hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats and its possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Sprague-Dawley rat model with cardiac hypertrophy was induced by renovascular hypertension. The blood pressure, cardiac weight index, free fatty acids (FFA) in serum and myocardium, and protein expressions of myocardial hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a (CPT-1a), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) were measured after treating hypertensive rats with polyphenol-rich CME of anthodia 75-150 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks. A myocardial histological examination was also conducted. RESULTS After CME treatment, the blood pressure, cardiac weight and cardiac weight index decreased by 5.7-9.6%, 9.2-18.4% and 10.9-20.1%, respectively, and the cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area also decreased by 8.3-30.4%. The CME treatment simultaneously decreased the FFA in serum and myocardium and protein expressions of myocardial HIF-1α and GLUT-4, and increased the protein expressions of myocardial PPARα, CPT-1a and PDK-4, especially in the CME 150 mg/kg group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Polyphenol-rich CME may alleviate hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Its mechanisms may be related to the reduction of blood pressure and amelioration of the myocardial energy metabolism. The latter may be attributed to the inhibition of HIF-1α expression and subsequent modulation of PPARα-mediated CPT-1a, PDK-4 and GLUT-4 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gao
- a Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Yan Zhu
- a Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
- b Department of Pharmacy , the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- a Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
| | - Mei-Lin Xie
- a Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
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Lappano R, Rigiracciolo D, De Marco P, Avino S, Cappello AR, Rosano C, Maggiolini M, De Francesco EM. Recent Advances on the Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Hypoxia-Mediated Signaling. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 18:305-10. [PMID: 26865461 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface proteins mainly involved in signal transmission; however, they play a role also in several pathophysiological conditions. Chemically heterogeneous molecules like peptides, hormones, lipids, and neurotransmitters activate second messengers and induce several biological responses by binding to these seven transmembrane receptors, which are coupled to heterotrimeric G proteins. Recently, additional molecular mechanisms have been involved in GPCR-mediated signaling, leading to an intricate network of transduction pathways. In this regard, it should be mentioned that diverse GPCR family members contribute to the adaptive cell responses to low oxygen tension, which is a distinguishing feature of several illnesses like neoplastic and cardiovascular diseases. For instance, the G protein estrogen receptor, namely G protein estrogen receptor (GPER)/GPR30, has been shown to contribute to relevant biological effects induced by hypoxia via the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in diverse cell contexts, including cancer. Likewise, GPER has been found to modulate the biological outcome of hypoxic/ischemic stress in both cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Here, we describe the role exerted by GPCR-mediated signaling in low oxygen conditions, discussing, in particular, the involvement of GPER by a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Damiano Rigiracciolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Paola De Marco
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Silvia Avino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Camillo Rosano
- UOS Proteomics IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST National Institute for Cancer Research, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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Yang W, Li L, Huang R, Pei Z, Liao S, Zeng J. Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha mediates protection of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen glucose deprivation-induced injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:948-54. [PMID: 25722681 PMCID: PMC4341293 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that DL-3-n-butylphthalide can significantly alleviate oxygen glucose deprivation-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells at least partly associated with its enhancement on oxygen glucose deprivation -induced hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression. In this study, we hypothesized that DL-3-n-butylphthalide can protect against oxygen glucose deprivation-induced injury of newborn rat brain microvascular endothelial cells by means of upregulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression. MTT assay and Hoechst staining results showed that DL-3-n-butylphthalide protected brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen glucose deprivation-induced injury in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining results further confirmed that the protective effect was related to upregulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α. Real-time RT-PCR reaction results showed that DL-3-n-butylphthalide reduced apoptosis by inhibiting downregulation of pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3 mRNA expression and upregulation of apoptosis-executive protease bcl-2 mRNA expression; however, DL-3-n-butylphthalide had no protective effects on brain microvascular endothelial cells after knockdown of hypoxia inducible factor-1α by small interfering RNA. These findings suggest that DL-3-n-butylphthalide can protect brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen glucose deprivation-induced injury by upregulating bcl-2 expression and downregulating caspase-3 expression though hypoxia inducible factor-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruxun Huang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Songjie Liao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Zeng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
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14
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Yang B, He K, Zheng F, Wan L, Yu X, Wang X, Zhao D, Bai Y, Chu W, Sun Y, Lu Y. Over-expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in vitro protects the cardiac fibroblasts from hypoxia-induced apoptosis. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 15:579-86. [PMID: 24583668 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283629c52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A great number of studies indicate that cardiac fibroblasts are essential for maintaining the structure and function of heart. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a central transcriptional regulator of hypoxic response. The present study examined whether over-expression of HIF-1α could prevent hypoxia-induced injury in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and, if so, its possible molecular targets. METHODS Western blotting was used to detect protein level. MTT, electron microscopy, TUNEL staining and confocal microscopy were used to identify cell viability, cell apoptosis and intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) in cardiac fibroblasts, respectively. RESULTS When cardiac fibroblasts were exposed to hypoxia, HIF-1α protein in nuclei was transiently accumulated at 1 h, and then gradually degraded within 24 h of hypoxia exposure. Over-expression of HIF-1α enhanced nucleus expression of HIF-1α in cardiac fibroblasts, and significantly abolished the decrease of cell viability and cell apoptosis caused by 24-h hypoxia. Accordingly, hypoxia-induced Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation, caspase-3 activation and overload of [Ca]i in cardiac fibroblasts were reversed by HIF-1α over-expression, but were promoted by 30 μmol/l SC205346, a specific HIF-1α blocker. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that HIF-1α may act as a protective factor in the apoptotic process of cardiac fibroblasts and represent a potential therapeutic target for heart remodeling after hypoxia injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Yang
- aDepartment of Pharmacy, the Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang bDepartment of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) cDepartment of Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China *These authors contributed equally to this work
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Czibik G, Derumeaux G, Sawaki D, Valen G, Motterlini R. Heme oxygenase-1: an emerging therapeutic target to curb cardiac pathology. Basic Res Cardiol 2014; 109:450. [PMID: 25344086 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heme-degrading enzyme responsive to a wide range of cellular stress, is traditionally considered to convey adaptive responses to oxidative stress, inflammation and vasoconstriction. These diversified effects are achieved through the degradation of heme to carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (which is rapidly converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase) and ferric iron. Recent findings have added antiproliferative and angiogenic effects to the list of HO-1/CO actions. HO-1 along with its reaction products bilirubin and CO are protective against ischemia-induced injury (myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-injury and post-infarct structural remodelling). Moreover, HO-1, and CO in particular, possess acute antihypertensive effects. As opposed to these curative potentials, the long-believed protective effect of HO-1 in cardiac remodelling in response to pressure overload and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been questioned by recent work. These challenges, coupled with emerging regulatory mechanisms, motivate further in-depth studies to help understand untapped layers of HO-1 regulation and action. The outcomes of these efforts may shed new light on critical mechanisms that could be used to harness the protective potential of this enzyme for the therapeutic benefit of patients suffering from such highly prevalent cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- INSERM U955, Equipe 8, Faculty of Medicine, DHU A-TVB, Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Creteil, University of Paris-Est, 3rd Floor, room 3006, Paris, France,
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Czibik G, Steeples V, Yavari A, Ashrafian H. Citric Acid Cycle Intermediates in Cardioprotection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:711-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been a concerted clinical effort to deliver on the laboratory promise that a variety of maneuvers can profoundly increase cardiac tolerance to ischemia and/or reduce additional damage consequent upon reperfusion. Here we will review the proximity of the metabolic approach to clinical practice. Specifically, we will focus on how the citric acid cycle is involved in cardioprotection. Inspired by cross-fertilization between fundamental cancer biology and cardiovascular medicine, a set of metabolic observations have identified novel metabolic pathways, easily manipulable in man, which can harness metabolism to robustly combat ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Violetta Steeples
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Arash Yavari
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Houman Ashrafian
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Rochette L, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Diabetes, oxidative stress and therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2709-29. [PMID: 24905298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. SCOPE OF REVIEW The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing evidence that excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. Oxidative stress results from either an increase in free radical production, or a decrease in endogenous antioxidant defenses, or both. ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are products of cellular metabolism and are well recognized for their dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. In type 2 diabetic patients, oxidative stress is closely associated with chronic inflammation. Multiple signaling pathways contribute to the adverse effects of glucotoxicity on cellular functions. There are many endogenous factors (antioxidants, vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, metal ion chelators) that can serve as endogenous modulators of the production and action of ROS. Clinical trials that investigated the effect of antioxidant vitamins on the progression of diabetic complications gave negative or inconclusive results. This lack of efficacy might also result from the fact that they were administered at a time when irreversible alterations in the redox status are already under way. Another strategy to modulate oxidative stress is to exploit the pleiotropic properties of drugs directed primarily at other targets and thus acting as indirect antioxidants. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It appears important to develop new compounds that target key vascular ROS producing enzymes and mimic endogenous antioxidants. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This strategy might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated with vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France.
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
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Abstract
Hypoxia is a significant feature of solid tumor cancers. Hypoxia leads to a more malignant phenotype that is resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, is more invasive and has greater metastatic potential. Hypoxia activates the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway, which mediates the biological effects of hypoxia in tissues. The HIF complex acts as a transcription factor for many genes that increase tumor survival and proliferation. To date, many HIF pathway inhibitors indirectly affect HIF but there have been no clinically approved direct HIF inhibitors. This can be attributed to the complexity of the HIF pathway, as well as to the challenges of inhibiting protein-protein interactions.
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GPER mediates cardiotropic effects in spontaneously hypertensive rat hearts. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69322. [PMID: 23950890 PMCID: PMC3739764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens promote beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system mainly through the estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ, which act as ligand-gated transcription factors. Recently, the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been implicated in the estrogenic signaling in diverse tissues, including the cardiovascular system. In this study, we demonstrate that left ventricles of male Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) express higher levels of GPER compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. In addition, we show that the selective GPER agonist G-1 induces negative inotropic and lusitropic effects to a higher extent in isolated and Langendorff perfused hearts of male SHR compared to WKY rats. These cardiotropic effects elicited by G-1 involved the GPER/eNOS transduction signaling, as determined by using the GPER antagonist G15 and the eNOS inhibitor L-NIO. Similarly, the G-1 induced activation of ERK1/2, AKT, GSK3β, c-Jun and eNOS was abrogated by G15, while L-NIO prevented only the eNOS phosphorylation. In hypoxic Langendorff perfused WKY rat heart preparations, we also found an increased expression of GPER along with that of the hypoxic mediator HIF-1α and the fibrotic marker CTGF. Interestingly, G15 and L-NIO prevented the ability of G-1 to down-regulate the expression of both HIF-1α and CTGF, which were found expressed to a higher extent in SHR compared to WKY rat hearts. Collectively, the present study provides novel data into the potential role played by GPER in hypertensive disease on the basis of its involvement in myocardial inotropism and lusitropism as well as the expression of the apoptotic HIF-1α and fibrotic CTGF factors. Hence, GPER may be considered as a useful target in the treatment of some cardiac dysfunctions associated with stressful conditions like the essential hypertension.
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Barnucz E, Veres G, Hegedűs P, Klein S, Zöller R, Radovits T, Korkmaz S, Horkay F, Merkely B, Karck M, Szabó G. Prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition preserves endothelial cell function in a rat model of vascular ischemia reperfusion injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 345:25-31. [PMID: 23388095 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Storage protocols of vascular grafts need further improvement against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Hypoxia elicits a variety of complex cellular responses by altering the activity of many signaling pathways, such as the oxygen-dependent prolyl-hyroxylase domain-containing enzyme (PHD). Reduction of PHD activity during hypoxia leads to stabilization and accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1α. We examined the effects of PHD inhibiton by dimethyloxalylglycine on the vasomotor responses of isolated rat aorta and aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in a model of cold ischemia/warm reperfusion. Aortic segments underwent 24 hours of cold ischemic preservation in saline or DMOG (dimethyloxalylglycine)-supplemented saline solution. We investigated endothelium-dependent and -independent vasorelaxations. To simulate IR injury, hypochlorite (NaOCl) was added during warm reperfusion. VSMCs were incubated in NaCl or DMOG solution at 4°C for 24 hours after the medium was changed for a supplied standard medium at 37°C for 6 hours. Apoptosis was assessed using the TUNEL method. Gene expression analysis was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cold ischemic preservation and NaOCl induced severe endothelial dysfunction, which was significantly improved by DMOG supplementation (maximal relaxation of aortic segments to acetylcholine: control 95% ± 1% versus NaOCl 44% ± 4% versus DMOG 68% ± 5%). Number of TUNEL-positive cell nuclei was significantly higher in the NaOCl group, and DMOG treatment significantly decreased apoptosis. Inducible heme-oxygenase 1 mRNA expressions were significantly higher in the DMOG group. Pharmacological modulation of oxygen sensing system by DMOG in an in vitro model of vascular IR effectively preserved endothelial function. Inhibition of PHDs could therefore be a new therapeutic avenue for protecting endothelium and vascular muscle cells against IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Barnucz
- Laboratory of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Rende D, Baysal N, Kirdar B. A novel integrative network approach to understand the interplay between cardiovascular disease and other complex disorders. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:2205-19. [PMID: 21559538 DOI: 10.1039/c1mb05064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that the proteins encoded by the genes associated with a common disorder interact with each other, participate in similar pathways and share GO terms. It has been anticipated that the functional modules in a disease related functional linkage network can be integrated with bibliomics to reveal association with other complex disorders. In this study, the cardiovascular disease functional linkage network (CFN) containing 1536 nodes and 3345 interactions was constructed using proteins encoded by 234 genes associated with the disease. Integration of CFN with bibliomics showed that 227 out of 566 functional modules are significantly associated with one or more diseases. Analysis of functional modules revealed the possible regulatory roles of SP1 and CXCL12 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and modulation of their activities may be considered as potential therapeutic tools. The integration of CFN with bibliomics also indicated significant relations of CVD with other complex disorders. In a stratified map the members of 227 functional modules and 58 diseases in 15 disease classes were combined. In this map, leprosy, listeria monocytogenes, myasthenia, hemorrhagic diathesis and Protein S deficiency, which were not previously reported to be associated with CVD, showed significant associations. Several cancers arising from epithelial cells were also found to be linked to other diseases through hub proteins, VEGFA and PTGS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Rende
- Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY12180, USA.
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Czibik G, Gravning J, Martinov V, Ishaq B, Knudsen E, Attramadal H, Valen G. Gene therapy with hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in skeletal muscle is cardioprotective in vivo. Life Sci 2011; 88:543-50. [PMID: 21238463 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gene therapy of a peripheral organ to protect the heart is clinically attractive. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) transactivates cardioprotective genes. We investigated if remote delivery of DNA encoding for HIF-1α is protective against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. MAIN METHODS DNA encoding for human HIF-1α was delivered to quadriceps muscles of mice. One week later myocardial infarction was induced and four weeks later its size was measured. Echocardiography and in vivo pressure-volume analysis was performed. Coronary vascularization was evaluated through plastic casting. HL-1 cells, transfected with either HIF-1α or HMOX-1 or administered bilirubin or the carbon monoxide (CO) donor CORM-2, were subjected to lipopolysacharide (LPS)-induced cell death to compare the efficacy of treatments. KEY FINDINGS After four weeks of reperfusion post infarction, animals pretreated with HIF-1α showed reduced infarct size and left ventricular remodeling (p<0.05, respectively). Fractional shortening was preserved in mice pretreated with HIF-1α (p<0.05). Invasive hemodynamic parameters indicated preserved left ventricular function after HIF-1α (p<0.05), which also induced coronary vascularization (p<0.05). HIF-1α downstream target heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) was upregulated in skeletal muscle, while serum bilirubin was increased. Transfection of HL-1 cells with HIF-1α or HMOX-1 and administration of bilirubin or CORM-2 comparably salvaged cells from lipopolysacharide (LPS)-induced cell death (all p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE HIF-1α gene delivery to skeletal muscle preceding myocardial ischemia reduced infarct size and postischemic remodeling accompanied by an improved cardiac function and vascularization. Similar to HIF-1α, HMOX-1, bilirubin and CO were protective against LPS-induced injury. This observation may have clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- Dept. of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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